Activity 7- CPI and Material Science 9.

Frasch process is for

A. producing helium
1. Which of the following is the most B. making oxygen
adverse factor challenging the choice of C. mining sulphur
mercury electrolytic cell process for the D. making nitrogen
production of caustic soda? 10. Pasteurisation of milk means
A. Pollution of water stream by mercury A. none of these .
B. Non-availability of high purity mercury B. inhibiting the growth of micro organisms
C. High specific gravity of mercury without killing them
D. High Cost of mercury C. killing of organisms present in it by
2. Which oil is preferred for paint heating it at controlled temperature
manufacture? without changing its natural
A. Non-Drying oil characteristics .
B. Drying oil D. removal of fatty and albuminous
C. Semi-drying oil substance from it .
D. Saturated oil 11. Calgon used in water treatment is
3. Free alkali in a toilet soap is ______ that chemically
in a laundry shop A. sodium phosphate
A. More than B. sodium hexametaphosphate
B. Less than C. calcium phosphate
C. None of these D. tricresyl phosphate
D. Same 12. Polycaprolactum is commercially known
4. Dehydrogenetation of isopropanol as
produces A. nylon - 66
A. Acetone B. nylon - 6
B. Propyl Alcohol C. rayon
C. Formaldehyde D. dacron
D. Trichloroethylene 13. Raw materials used for producing
5. All enzymes are made of cement does not contain iron oxide .
A. Fats A. slag
B. Proteins B. waterproof
C. Carbohydrates C. white
D. amino acids D. pozzolan
6. Fusel oil is a/an 14. The drug used in contraceptives is
A. Mixture of higher molecular weight A. methyl salicylate
alcohols (a by - product obtained during B. pencillin
production of alcohol from molasses ) C. sulphadizene
B. none of these . D. mestranol
C. essential oil . 15. The type of high refractive index glass
D. extract from medicinal herbs . used in optical instruments is ____ glass
7. Gun powder , which is an explosive .
comprises of charcoal , sulphur and A. pyrex
A. nitro glycerine B. flint
B. salt petre C. none of these
C. dynamite D. Crookes
D. Glycerine 16. Oxidation of ortho - xylene in presence of
8. Glycerine is not used in the ______ catalyst is done to produce
A. none of these . phthalic anhydride on commercial scale .
B. manufacture of pharmaceuticals . A. nickel
C. manufacture of explosive . B. alumina
D. conditioning and humidification of C. vanadium
tobacco. D. Iron
17. Cumene is the starting material for the B. Solvay
production of C. Haber ' s
A. isoprene D. none of these
B. styrene 26. Bleaching action of bleaching powder is
C. benzoic acid due to its properties
D. phenol and acetone A. none of these
18. _____ process is used for the B. disinfecting
manufacture of sodium carbonate by C. oxidising
ammonia soda process . D. reducing
A. Ostwald ' s 27. A good quality coal should have
B. Solvay A. high ash content
C. Bosch B. low fusion point of ash
D. Haber ' s C. none of these
19. Very fine suspended and colloidal D. high sulphur content
impurities are removed from water by a 28. Phenol formaldehyde resin is used as an
process called adhesive in making
A. Disinfection A. books
B. Secimentation B. Furniture
C. softening C. Laminates
D. coagulation D. card boxes
20. Sulphur addition in soap is done to 29. Which of the following is an organo
A. improve the soap texture . metalic compound ?
B. Cure pimples & dandruff A. Isopropyl alcohol
C. Increase its cleansing action B. Cumene
D. fasten lather formation . C. Zeolite
21. Epoxy resin D. Tetra - ethyl lead
A. is a good adhesive . 30. Which oil is prefered for paint
B. is an elastomer manufacture ?
C. is a polyester . A. Non - drying oil
D. cannot be used for surface coatings B. Drying oil
22. Styrene butadiene rubber ( SBR ) is C. Semi - drying oil
A. a synthetic polymer . D. Saturated
B. a synthetio monomer . 31. Fusel oil is a/an
C. a natural nubber A. mixture of higher molecular weight
D. another name of silicone rubber . alcohol ( a by - product obtained during
23. In the Lurgi coal gasifier production of alcohol from molasses ) .
A. large quantity of coal can be processed B. none of these
B. low carbon conversion officiency is C. Essential oil .
achieved . D. extract from medicinal herbs .
C. coking coals cannot be used . 32. Gunpowder , which is an explosive
D. entrainment of solids is higher comprises of charcoal , sulphur and
24. Metallic soap ( e . g . aluminum or A. nitroglycerine
calcium salts of fatty acids ) can be used B. salt petre
A. In hard water for cleaning of cloth . C. Dynamite
B. as a foam depressant in distillation D. glycerine
column . 33. Oils are partially hydrogenated ( not fully
C. as a lubricant to manufacture vanaspati , because fully
D. as a rust preventive . saturated solidified oils
25. _______ process is used for the A. are prone to rancid oxidation .
commercial production of nitric acid by B. cause cholesterol build up and blood
the catalytic oxidation of ammonia clotting .
A. Ostwald ' s
C. have affinity to retain harmful sulphur 42. Heating of to 120°C . produces plaster of
compounds . paris
D. always contain some amount of nickel ( A. blue virol
as their complete removal is very difficult B. calcium sulphate
). C. calcium site
34. Vulcanisation of rubber D. gypsum
A. increases its oil & solvent resistance 43. Carboxymethylcellulose ( CMC ) is
B. converts its plasticity into elasticity added in detergents to act as an
C. Increases its ozone & oxygen reactivity A. surfactant
D. decreases its tensile strength . B. builder
35. The process used for the manufacture of C. optical brightening agent
ethyl alcohol from molasses is D. anti soil redeposition agent
A. dehydration 44. In primitive days . being manufactured by
B. dehydrogenation Leblanc Process
C. none of these A. soda ash
D. distillation B. washing soda
36. Lurgicoal gasitter is a pressurised bed C. calcium carbide
reactor D. alum
A. moving 45. Ordinary glass is not an
B. fixed A. electrical insulator .
C. entrained B. material with sharp definite melting point
D. Fluidised C. amorphous isotropic material .
37. Which of the following sugers is the D. supercooled liquid .
A. Sucrose 46. Which of the following has sodium
B. Fructose bicarbonate as its main constituent ?
C. Glucose A. Baking powder
D. Lactose B. Washing soda
38. Haemoglobin is an C. Baking soda
A. amino acid D. none of these
B. biological catalyst 47. Esterification reaction produces
C. Enyme A. soap
D. protein B. ethyl alcohol
39. Starting raw material for the_____ C. mercaptans
manufacture of alum is D. detergent
A. Ammonium bicarbonate 48. The chamber process is
B. Bauxite A. all of above
C. gypsum B. preferred over contact process for
D. Alumina producing 98 to 100% H2SO4 and
40. Most widely and commonly used various oleum.
coagulant for the removal of suspended C. none of these
impurities in water is D. non - catalytic and operates only on
A. copper sulphate pyrites
B. alum 49. Neoprene is the trade name of
C. slaked lime A. phenol formaldehyde
D. bleaching powder B. styrene - butadiene rubber
41. Raw materials for " Solvay Process for C. polychloroprene
manufacture of the soda ash are D. polyurethane
A. salt , limestone and coke or gas . 50. Zeolite used in water softening process (
B. ammonia , salt and limestone cation exchange ) is regenerated by
C. none of these washing with
D. ammonia limestone and coke A. chloraminos
B. liquid chlorines
C. brine B. Limestone
D. sodium sulphite C. Coke
51. Lime and soda ash are added to water to D. quartz
remove 59. Which of the following is not a raw
A. undersirable taste and odour . material used for the manufacture of
B. Its corrosiveness ordinary glass?
C. bacteria A. Soda ash
D. bicarbonates & suhtes of calm and B. Iron oxide
magnesium C. Limestone
52. Which of the following is not required in D. Silica
the manufacture of soda ash by Solvay 60. Pick out the correct statement
process ? A. There is no difference between a fat and
A. Nitric acid an oil so far as its physical properties are
B. None of these concerned
C. Ammonia B. A fat is converted into oil bys
D. Limestone hydrogenation
53. The purpose of tanning in leather C. All vegetables except Coconut oil ,
industry is to contains acids having more than sixteen
A. smoothen the leather carbon atoms
B. stiffen the leather D. Vegetable oils are classified as drying ,
C. impart water resistance non - drying and semi drying oils
D. make it flexible depending upon their fatty acids content
54. Which of the following is a detergent ? 61. in terms of which of the following
A. Alkyl benzone sulphonate properties , metals are better than
B. Cellulose nitrate ceramics ?
C. Benzene hexachloride A. Hardness
D. Polytetrafloroethylene B. Ductility
55. Zeolite removes both temporary as well C. Toughness
as permanent hardness of water by D. Yield Strength
precipitating calcium and magnesium 62. Ceramics make excellent refractory
present in water as insoluble zeolites . materials. A materiais said to be
Used zeolite is regenerated by flushing refractory if it:
with the solution of A. resists the flow of electric current
A. magnesium chloride B. has high retrace Index
B. sodium chloride C. retains its strength High temperatures
C. sodium sulphate D. All of the above
D. calcium sulphate 63. Which of the following is true for
56. Wood charcoal is used for decoloration polymers?
of sugar, because it _____ the colored A. They have very high molecular mass
materials. B. They do not have a near stress strain
A. reduces curve
B. oxides C. They have high strength to mass ratio
C. adsorbs D. All of the above
D. converts 64. Calcium is an isobar of Argon. They differ
57. Vicose rayon is chemically in
A. regenerated cellulose nitrate A. Atomic weight
B. regenerated cellulose acetate B. Number of nucleons
C. cellulose nitrate C. Number of neutrons
D. cellulose acetate D. None of the mentioned
58. Fusion of bauxite and _____ produces 65. Allotropes differ in which of the following
high alumina content properties:
A. alum A. Atomic Number
B. Atomic Mass B. Body centered cubic
C. Crystal Structure C. Face centered cubic
D. Electronegativity D. Primitive cubic
66. Co - ordination number of a crystalline 74. Which of the following unit cells do not
solid is: exist for tetragonal lattices ?
A. Number of particles in the unit cell A. Primitive centered unit cell
B. Number of nearest neighbours of a B. Body centered unit cell
particle C. Face centered unit cell
C. Number of octahedral voids in a unit cell D. All of the mentioned exist
D. Number of tetrahedralvoids in a unit cell 75. Coordination number of HCP and FCC
67. Packing efficiency of a crystal structure lattices respectively are :
is the ratio of: A. 12 , 12
A. Volume Occupied by particles to the B. 4,4
total volume of the unit cell C. 12 , 8
B. Volume occupied by parties to that by D. 8,8
voids 76. Number of particles in one unit cell of
C. Total volume of the united to the volume HCP lattice is :
occupied by particles A. 1
D. Volume occupied by voids to that by B. 2
prices C. 4
68. An octahedal old is surrounded D. 6
A. 8 atoms 77. The void fraction is the ratio of unfilled
B. 18 atoms volume to total volume of a structure . For
C. 6 atoms ideal metallic FCC crystal , it is :
D. 16 atoms A. 0 . 22
69. Which of the following property of B. 0 . 26
amorphous solid C. 0 . 32
A. Shap melting point D. 0 . 38
B. Isotopy 78. If N is the number of tetrahedral voids in
C. Long range order a close - packed structure , then the
D. Define heat of fusion number of octahedral voids is :
70. Which of the following is crystalline A. N/4
solid? B. 4N
A. Copper wire C. 2N
B. Glass bottle D. N2
C. Polythene bag 79. Which of the following quantities is larger
D. Rubber ball in HCP as compared to FCC if the
71. Which of the following Bravais lacticces constituting atoms are similar ?
exist as face centered unit cell? A. Number of particles per unit cell
A. Otherhobic B. Volume per unit cell
B. Monclinic C. Mass per unit cell
C. Tetragonal D. All of the mentioned
D. None of the above 80. The point coordinates of the vertex just
72. Number of particles in a primitive cubic opposite to the origin are
unit cell is A. 000
A. 1 B. 001
B. 2 C. 011
C. 3 D. 111
D. 4 81. If x , y , and z are three positive axes of
73. Which of the following lattices has the the crystallographic coordinate system
highest void fraction ? with origin at point A then which line
A. Hexagonal close packed points in the direction [ 1 0 1 ] ?
A. AD C. B in steel
B. CH D. Al in FCC - Fe B .
C. FB 89. Which type of diffusion occurs due to the
D. GE exchange of an atom with vacancies?
82. In cubic crystals , crystallographic A. Substitution diffusion
directions are arranged in families . B. Elimination diffusion
Which of the following directions does not C. Passive diffusion
belong to the family < 110 > ? D. Facilated diffusion
A. [ 10 11 ] 90. Under condition of very slow deformation
B. [ 110 ] and high temperature , it is possible to
C. [ 101 ] have plastic flow in a crystal at shear
D. None of the above stresses lower than the critical shear
83. The ratio of the number of vacancies to a stress . What is this phenomenon called?
total number of lattice points for a metal A. slip
near melting temperature is of the order B. twinning
of 10 - 4 . For lower temperatures , the C. creep
ratio : D. bending
A. increases 91. Calculate temperature of copper at which
B. decreases equilibrium number of vacancies per
C. remains the same cubic meter is 2 . 2x10 ^ 20 vacancies /
D. may increase or decrease depending on m3 . The energy of vacancy formation is
the metal 0 . 7ev / atom and total number of atom
84. Foreign species is present in which of the is 2x10 ^ 30 atom / m3 .
following defects ? A. 354 . 14k
A. Interstitial B. 300k
B. Vacancy C. 354.14k
C. Substitution D. 2.82*10-3k
D. All of the mentioned
85. Which type of defect are point defects ? SOLUTION:
.
A. One dimensional defect −𝑄𝑈
B. Zero dimensional defect 𝑁𝑣 = 𝑁 ∗ 𝑒 𝐾𝑇

C. Two dimensional defect

D. Three dimensional defect 𝑣𝑎𝑐𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑠
2.2 ∗ 1020
86. In which of the following defect the 𝑐𝑢𝑏𝑖𝑐 𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟
−0.7 𝑒𝑣/𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑚
density of the crystal is affected ? = 2 ∗ 1030 ∗ 𝑒 8.62∗10−5 𝑇
A. Schottky defect
B. Frenkel defect
𝑇 = 354.14 𝐾𝑒𝑙𝑣𝑖𝑛
C. Stone - Wales defect
D. Antisite defect
87. Schottky and Frenkel defects are _____ 92. The unit cell for uranium has
A. Interstitial and vacancy defects orthorhombic symmetry , with a , b , and
respectively c lattice parameters of 0 . 286 , 0 . 587 ,
B. Vacancy and interstitial defect and 0 . 495 nm , respectively . If its
respectively density , atomic weight , and atomic
C. Both interstitial defects radius are 19 . 05 g / cm3 , 238 . 03 g /
D. Both vacancy defects mol , and 0 . 1385 nm , respectively,
88. In which of the following case the first compute the atomic packing factor
element can occupy both lattice position A. 0 . 447
and interstitial position? B. 0 . 486
A. Cu in FCC - Ni C. 0.536
B. C in FCC - Fe D. 0.562
SOLUTION:

𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑚 𝑖𝑛 𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙 94. The atomic weight of indium is 114 . 82

𝐴𝑃𝐹 = 𝑁 ∗
𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑖𝑛 𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙 g/ mol ;compute its theoretical density .
A. 7 . 27 g / cm3
𝑉𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙 = 𝑎 ∗ 𝑏 ∗ 𝑐 = 0.286 ∗ 0.587 ∗ 0.495 B. 7 . 31 g / cm3
C. 7 . 34 g / cm3
𝑉𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙 = 0.0831 𝑛𝑚3 D. 7 . 40 g / cm3

19.05 100 3 1 SOLUTION:

# 𝑜𝑓 𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑚𝑠 = [( ) ( 9 ) (6.022 ∗ 1023 )]
238.08 1 10
𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑚
4 𝜌 100 3
𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑚𝑠 𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙 = ∗ 6.022 ∗ 1023 ∗ ( 9 )
# 𝑜𝑓 𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑚𝑠 = 48.1952
𝑛𝑚3 0.1043 114.82 10

𝒈𝒓𝒂𝒎
𝑁 ∗ 48.1952
𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑚𝑠
𝑛𝑚3
∗ 0.0831 𝑛𝑚3 = 4 𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑚𝑠
𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙 𝝆 = 𝟕. 𝟑𝟏𝟑𝟐 𝒐𝒓 𝟕. 𝟑𝟏
𝒄𝒎𝟑
4
𝑉𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑚 = 𝜋(0.1385)3 = 0.0111𝑛𝑚3 Linkage Problem: Beryllium has an HCP unit
3 cell for which the ratio of the lattice
parameters is 1 . 568 . If the radius of the Be
0.0111𝑛𝑚3
𝐴𝑃𝐹 = 4 ∗ = 0.5343 or 0.536 atom is 0 . 1143 nm ,
0.0831 𝑛𝑚3
Linkage Problem : Indium has a tetragonal
unit cell for which the a and c lattice 95. Determine the unit cell volume
parameters are 0 . 459 and 0 . 495 nm, A. 3 . 33 X 10 ^ - 23 cm3 / unit cell
respectively B. 4 . 87 x 10 ^ - 23 cm3 / unit cell
C. 5 . 01 x 10 ^ 23 cm3 / unit cell
93. If the atomic packing factor and atomic D. 5 . 34 x 10 ^ 23 cm3 / unit cell
radius are 0 . 693 and 0 . 1625 nm ,
respectively , determine the number of SOLUTION:
atoms in each unit cell .
A. 2 𝑐
= 1.568 ; 𝑟 = 0.1143 𝑛𝑚
B. 4 𝑎
C. 6
D. 8 𝑉𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙 = 6𝑅2 𝑐√3

SOLUTION: 𝑉𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙 = 6(0.1143 ∗ 10−7 )2 (1.568 ∗ 2)√3

𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑚 𝑖𝑛 𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙 𝒄𝒎𝟑

𝐴𝑃𝐹 = 𝑁 ∗ 𝑽𝒖𝒏𝒊𝒕 𝒄𝒆𝒍𝒍 = 𝟒. 𝟖𝟔𝟔 ∗ 𝟏𝟎−𝟐𝟑
𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑖𝑛 𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙 𝒖𝒏𝒊𝒕 𝒄𝒆𝒍𝒍

𝑉𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙 = 𝑎2 𝑏 = 0.4592 ∗ 0.495 = 0.1043𝑛𝑚3 96. Calculate the theoretical density of Be

A. 1 . 76 g / cm3
4 B. 1 . 80 g / cm3
𝑉𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑚 = 𝜋(0.1625)3 = 0.0180 𝑛𝑚3
3 C. 1 . 84 g / cm3
D. 1 . 88 g / cm3
0.0180𝑛𝑚3 𝒂𝒕𝒐𝒎𝒔
0.693 = 𝑁 ∗ = 𝟒. 𝟎𝟏𝟓𝟔 𝒐𝒓 𝟒
0.1043 𝑛𝑚3 𝒖𝒏𝒊𝒕 𝒄𝒆𝒍𝒍 SOLUTION:

𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑚 𝑔
6 (9 ) 𝒈
𝜌= 𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙 𝑚𝑜𝑙 = 𝟏. 𝟖𝟒𝟐𝟔 𝒐𝒓 𝟏. 𝟖𝟒
𝑐𝑚 3 𝒄𝒎𝟑
4.866 ∗ 10 −23 ∗ 6.022 ∗ 10 23
𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
 97. Magnesium has an HCP crystal 99. Determine the values of Do .
structure, a ratio of 1 . 624 , and a density A. 1 . 05 x 10 ^ - 5 m2 / s
of 1 . 74 g / cm3 . Compute the atomic B. 1 . 12 x 10 ^ - 5 m2 / s
radius tor Mg . C. 1 . 45 x 10 ^ - 5 m2 / s
A. 0 . 130 nm D. 1 . 52 x 10 ^ - 5 m2 / s
B. 0 . 140 nm
C. 0 . 150 nm SOLUTION:
D. 0 . 160 nm
𝑄𝑑 1
SOLUTION: ln 𝐷1 = ln 𝐷𝑜 − ( ) − 𝐸𝑄𝑁 1
𝑅 𝑇1

𝑉𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙 = 6𝑅2 𝑐√3 𝑄𝑑 1

ln 𝐷2 = ln 𝐷𝑜 − ( ) − 𝐸𝑄𝑁 2
𝑅 𝑇2
𝑉𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙 = 6(𝑅)3 (1.624 ∗ 2)√3
ln 5.5 ∗ 10−14 − ln 3.9 ∗ 10−13
𝑉𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙 = 33.7542𝑅3 𝑄𝑑 = −8.314 [ ]
1 1
−
600 + 273.15 700 + 273.15
𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑚 𝑔
6 (24 )
𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙 𝑚𝑜𝑙
1.74 =
33.7542𝑅3 ∗ 6.022 ∗ 1023 𝐽
= 𝟎. 𝟏𝟓𝟗𝟕 𝒐𝒓 𝟎. 𝟏𝟔𝟎𝒏𝒎 𝑄𝑑 = 138379.5028
𝑚𝑜𝑙

98. Gold forms a substitutional solid solution 138379.5028

𝐽
𝑚𝑜𝑙 ( 1
with silver . Compute the weight percent ln 5.5 ∗ 10−14 = ln 𝐷𝑜 − )
8.314 600 + 273.15
of gold that must be added to silver to
yield an alloy that 5 . 5 x 10 ^ 21 Au atoms 𝑫𝒐 = 𝟏. 𝟎𝟓 ∗ 𝟏𝟎−𝟓 𝒎𝟐 /𝒔
per cubic centimeter . The densities of
pure Au and Ag are 19 . 32 and 10 . 49 g
100. What is the magnitude of D at 850 °C ?
/ cm3 , respectively .
A. 3 . 6 x 10 ^ - 12 m2 / s
A. 13 . 2 %
B. 3 . 8 x 10 ^ - 12 m2 / s
B. 14 . 7 %
C. 4 . 0 x 10 ^ - 12 m2ls .
C. 15 . 9 %
D. 4 . 2 x 10 ^ - 12 m2 / s
D. 16 . 4 %

SOLUTION:
SOLUTION:
𝐽
𝑁𝑎 ∗ 𝐶𝑎𝑢 138379.5028 1
−5 2 𝑚𝑜𝑙 (
𝑁𝑎𝑢 = ln D = ln1.05 ∗ 10 𝑚 /𝑠 −
8.314 850 + 273.15
)
𝐶𝑎𝑢 ∗ 𝑀𝑊 𝑎𝑢 𝑀𝑊 𝑎𝑢 (100 − 𝐶𝑎𝑢)
+
𝜌𝐴𝑈 𝜌𝐴𝑔
𝑫 = 𝟑. 𝟖 ∗ 𝟏𝟎−𝟏𝟐 𝒎𝟐 /𝒔
5.5 ∗ 1021 𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑚 6.022 ∗ 1023 ∗ 𝐶𝑎𝑢
= 𝑔 𝑔
𝑐𝑚3 𝐶𝑎𝑢 ∗ 197 197 (100 − 𝐶𝑎𝑢)
𝑚𝑜𝑙 + 𝑚𝑜𝑙
19.32 𝑔/𝑐𝑚 3 10.49 𝑔/𝑐𝑚3

𝑪𝒂𝒖 = 𝟏𝟓. 𝟗𝟎𝟓𝟏 𝒐𝒓 𝟏𝟓. 𝟗%

Linkage Problem : The diffusion coefficients for

carbon in nickel are given at two temperatures :

T (°C) D (𝑚2 /𝑠)

600 5.5*10−14
700 3.9*10−13