3.

0 Planning Tools

Basic Concepts of GIS

GIS in Sustainable Planning
Developing GIS to Support Sustainable Planning
 What is a GIS?
An Information System for Creating, Managing and
Using Geographic Knowledge

Views
Products
Prod cts

Updates

Analysis

Mission Critical
Applications

. . . A Generic Platform for Editing, Mapping,

Spatial Analysis and Visualization
 A simple
p view of GIS

Maps
GIS
database
Tables/DBs

Spatial
Modeling
Tools
Maps Linked to Data
GIS connects attributes to maps
Measuring
g & Integrating
g g the Parts . .
Social Factors
Bio-
Bio-Diversity
Infrastructure
Land Use
Administrative
Units

. . . Means
Seeing
S i th the
Whole
GIS supports the full cycle of research, planning,
implementing, monitoring and evaluating in governance and
b i
business activities
i ii

INTEGRATED DB QUERY
•Hazards Information
•Demographics
•Disaster Risk Mgt
g ANALYSIS
Plans
•Supporting Databases
GIS is a powerful
tool that provides
Environmental Attributes Map Layers users with accurate DECISION
Evacuation Route data for fast
Infrastructure Facilities
Roads/Streets
decisions and
Land Use/Land Cover actions to specific
M nicipal and Brgy
Municipal Brg Boundaries
Bo ndaries
situation!
i i ACTION
Evacuation Centers
Natural Hazards
Buildings
HouseholdPopulation
UPDATE
Hazardous Facilities
 Components of a GIS
People Software

Data

GIS
Procedures &
Applications

Hardware
 Example of Internet-based GIS Architecture
Web Server
with
IBM Compatible
ArcIMS
IBM Compatible
Community Field Internet IBM Compatible
Workstation Workstation DB File Server
Reports Map Server
Cloud Field Ethernet
Offices
IBM Compatible

IBM Compatible
IBM Compatible
Web Server
Workstation Workstation

IBM Compatible

Information
The Command and Control
Room - NDCC
CC

IBM Compatible

The Public
Information
Digital Data
IBM Compatible

NDCC Partner Agencies and

LGUs

IBM Compatible Removable storage

IBM Compatible

Other data providers (aerial Various Agencies, LGUs, IBM Compatible

photo, satellite data, field NGOs, Academic, and ODA Office of the President
survey data, field reports, etc. Agencies
 ArcGIS Product Architecture
ArcInfo
HTML ArcGIS ArcEditor
Java Viewer g
Engine New ArcView
Viewer
GIS Desktops
GIS Web Clients Network
TCP/IP, HTTP, XML

ArcGIS
Server ArcIMS
New

LBS / Mobile / ArcSDE . . . Open, Distributed,

Wireless GIS and Networked
Servers
 IMAGE PROCESSING
Satellite Data

Ai B
Air Borne IImageries/Photos
i /Ph t
DATABASES
DIGITAL MAPS

ORTHOPHOTO BASE MAPS

SURVEY MAPS

Ground Survey Data/

Administrative Data

INTEGRATED
DATABASE

Primary Map Data Sources

Common Spatial Framework for
Sustainable Planning
Hazards

Boundaries

Parcels and
Addresses

Topography – Contour,
Contour
Road Network, Buildings,
Water Bodies, Land Cover
O th h t
Orthophoto

Geodetic Control
User friendly
GIS Works
on Themes
As off 2004
A 2004, bbelow
l are iinnovative
i methods,
h d
computer software applications, and
resources for interpreting land use data and
evaluating
eva ua g planning
pa g alternatives
a e a ves
 CITYgreen
A Geographic Information System (GIS) software program for mapping,
measuring, and analyzing urban ecosystems. The program considers trees
and other natural resources in the community development process.
process It
allows users to create ecological maps, conduct technical analysis of the
ecology, summarize results, and create graphic presentation materials.
CITY
CITYgreen allows
ll users to analyze
l storm water, summer energy savings,
i
carbon storage and sequestration, air quality, and urban wildlife.

 Community2020
HUD's Community 2020 software Version 2.0 is a computer program
packaged with geographic and demographic data. data It is a full-featured
full featured
desktop Geographic Information System (GIS) for Windows, the result of
a joint venture between HUD and Caliper Corporation. It offers the full
f ti lit off Caliper's
functionality C li ' Maptitude.
M tit d
 With Community 2020, HUD not only has made its huge program data
sets available to the p
public,, but also has packaged
p g the data with an easy- y
to-use, high quality GIS tool for understanding, using and communicating
place-based information to others.
 The Community Image Survey
 Based on the Visual Preference Survey developed by architect Anton Nelessen,
Nelessen the
Community Image Survey is a very effective tool for educating and involving community
members in land use planning. The Survey consists of 40 slides of design characteristics
that are presented for review at a public meeting or workshop organized to discuss some
aspect of the land use and transportation planning process.

 CommunityViz
CommunityViz software developed by The Orton Family Foundation allows users to
create and manipulate a virtual representation of a town and explore different land use
scenarios Professional planners
scenarios. planners, citizen planners,
planners landowners,
landowners and interested citizens can
use this software to make informed and collaborative decisions about possible changes in
their community. Communities will be able to visualize and evaluate different land use
patterns, and make informed decisions on issues specific to their own communities.

 Green Developments CD-ROM
 Green
G D
Developments
l iis an iinteractive
i CD-ROM
CD ROM that
h ffullyll ddescribes
ib an exciting
i i new fi
field
ld
in which environmental considerations are viewed as opportunities to create better
buildings and communities by working with the environment instead of against it. It
f t
features 200 case studies;
t di 400 visuals;
i l resource ddetails,
t il including
i l di financial
fi i l details;
d t il andd
web links to key related sites.
Growing Smart
APA's Growing Smart project has resulted in a collection of useful information on
growth
th andd the
th managementt off change
h in
i U.S.
U S communities.
iti This
Thi has
h been
b compiled
il d in
i
the new Growing Smart Legislative Guidebook: Model Statutes for Planning and the
Management of Change.

 InfraCycle Fiscal Impact Software

 InfraCycle software is a fiscal impact tool that calculates the life cycle cost of municipal
infrastructure ((fire,, ppolice,, roadways,
y , sidewalks,, street light,
g , park
p land,, recreation
facilities, storm water, sanitary sewers, garbage collection, transit, schools, school
busing). Municipal revenues can be calculated from sources such as taxes, levies,
development charges, application fees, etc. Revenues are compared to costs to determine
if revenues willill supportt costs.t The
Th software
ft can be
b usedd for
f large
l or small ll projects.
j t
 Planning for Community, Energy, Economic, and Environmental Sustainability
(PLACE3S)
A land use and urban design method created specifically to help communities
understand how their growth and development decisions can contribute to improved
sustainability.
 Smart Growth Network
An information network that assists private sector, public sector, and NGO partners in
creating smart growth in neighborhoods, communities, and regions throughout the
country. The network facilitates information sharing on financing for infill and
brownfields redevelopment,
redevelopment tools for evaluating development options, options and pilot money-
money
saving investments which reap economic and environmental benefits.

 Social Cost of Alternative Land Development Scenarios (SCALDS)
The Federal Highway Administration has sponsored the development of a
prototype model to estimate the full cost of alternative land use patterns. The
EXCEL-based spreadsheet
p is called the Social Cost of Alternative Land
Development Scenarios (SCALDS) model. The model estimates monetary and
non-monetary costs associated with urban land development at the
metropolitan scale. The full cost accounting framework uses average cost data,
derived from a variety of national studies, as the default values for the
calculation of costs.
 Visual Preference Surveysy
Visual Preference Surveys are a tool to help communities establish a common
vision of what their localities should look like. The A. Nelessen Associates
website highlights the results of community visual preference surveys for a
number of projects.

 Land Use Planning Information Network (LUPIN)
California’s on-line tool available for planners, local/ regional governments,
conservation -ists, developers, landowners, and others involved in planning.
LUPIN pprovides an aggregate
gg g view of information relevant to land use and
environmental planning.

Concluding Remarks

 The global focus on sustainability is influencing planning theory to converge

in several respects.
respects

 Under the sustainability paradigm, single purpose, sectoral planning is being

replaced
l d withi h multipurpose
li planning
l i that h explicitly
li i l acknowledges
k l d the
h
integrated continuum of abiotic, biotic and cultural resources goals.

 The complexity and scale of broad-scale, multipurpose planning necessitates a

transdisciplinary approach to address the complexity of the challenge, while
engaging citizens affected by the plan in meaningful ways.

 If there is a frontier in sustainable planning, I believe it lies in the development

p
of an adaptive approach
pp to planning
p g in which plans
p are made with the best
knowledge available, but with explicit acknowledgment of uncertainty,
followed by monitoring and re-evaluation of plans in order to close the loop,
and to ‘learn by doing’.
 Summary
 GIS gives you different views of the
data. While the technical data is not
usingg boundaries ((i.e earthquake
q faults),
),
action taking requires political
boundaries for planning & even
organizing disaster risk and emergency
management activities.
activities
 Summary
 GIS is used to assess and mitigate risk
to human life and property, and in order
p
to respond effectively
y using
gppredictive
and operational models that are
embedded within (GIS) software
software.
 Requires a spirit of cooperation and the
sharing of information to integrate and
connect all the information elements
elements–
agencies seem hesitant to share digital
information based on “fears
fears of misuse or
commercial use of their respective
datasets.
datasets
 Requires national policies and regulation
on disclosure of natural hazards in the
buying and selling of property in order
that the GIS can be more relevant and
become mission critical – hazards maps at
the parcel level have to be made by
national agencies at the local government
l
level
l to
t meett suchh regulation
l ti (example
( l –
State of California)
 Updating of the Comprehensive Land Use
Plans (CLUP) by cities and municipalities
should be done using GIS with large scale
maps for built environments so that the
GIS data can be used to support disaster
risk and emergency management at the
local level – most CLUP’s
CLUP s use small scale
1:50,000 NAMRIA maps as basemaps.
FloodView
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 Internet:
 http:
p www.APA & AICP ((2008))
 http: www. PRC Environmental Planning Board


Thank you !