MIX PROPORTIONING

OF BITUMINOUS CONCRETE GRADE-1

1.0 Introduction
Bituminous concrete (BC) is a premixed bituminous mix which is well
compacted to form high quality pavement wearing & profile corrective courses.
This work shall consist of construction in a 50mm thick single layer of
bituminous concrete on a previously prepared bituminous bound surface. The
BC consists of mixture of coarse aggregates, fine aggregates, and Bitumen
proportioned to meet the Project Specifications.

2.0 Physical Properties of Aggregates

The coarse aggregate is of crushed stone, clean, strong, durable, of fairly
cubical shape and free from disintegrated pieces, organic or other deleterious
matter and adherent coating from Sekhaser (Phalodi) source.
Table-2.1 Test Results of Aggregates (As per Table-500.16 of
MOSRT&H)
Spec.
Test Test
Sl.No Test Requireme Remarks
Method Results
nt
Flakiness& Elongation Index IS: 2386 Satisfacto
1 35% Max. 29.26%
(Combined) (Part-1) ry
IS: 2386 Satisfacto
2 Los Angles Abrasion Value 30% Max 18.50%
(Part-4) ry

IS: 2386 Satisfacto

3 Aggregate Impact Value 24% Max. 14.37%
(Part-4) ry
Soundness with Sodium IS: 2386 Satisfacto
4 12% Max. 2.35%
Sulphate (Part-5) ry
Soundness with Magnesium IS: 2386 Satisfacto
5 18% Max. 2.80%
Sulphate (Part-5) ry
BS: 812 Satisfacto
6 Polished Stone Value 55% Min 65%
Part 114 ry
Hot Bin-2(<26.5-
1.24%
14mm)
Water Satisfacto
Hot Bin-3 (14- IS: 2386
7 Absorptio 2% Max. 1.31%
6mm) (Part-3) ry
n
Hot Bin-4 (<6mm) 1.77%
8 Coating & Stripping of IS: 6241 Min. >97% Satisfacto
Bitumen Aggregate Mixture retained ry

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 coating
95%
AASHTO Satisfacto
9 Retained Tensile Strength 80% Min. 89%
T283 ry
Sand Equivalent Value of Fine IS: 2720 Satisfacto
10 50% Min. 60.39%
Aggregate (Passing 4.75mm) (Part-37) ry
Table-2.2 Sieve Analysis of Individual Aggregates (As per Table-500.17

of MOSRT&H)

Sieve Hot Bin K2 Hot Bin K3 Hot Bin K4 Filler

Size(mm) (<25 - 14mm) (14 – 6 mm) (<6mm Aggt) (Dust Filler)
26.5 100 100 100 100

19.0 92.94 100 100 100

13.2 24.78 100 100 100

9.5 4.29 81.91 100 100

4.75 0.37 3.09 94.22 100

2.36 0 0.59 77.10 100

1.18 0 0 56.67 100

0.600 0 0 42.01 100

0.300 0 0 30.73 100

0.150 0 0 17.62 97.18

0.075 0 0 6.55 89.90

3.0 Physical Properties of Bitumen (VG-40 Grade)

The Bitumen is paving bitumen of grade VG-40 complying with IS: 73-2013

from M/S JEY Oil Refining Company (Iran), Imported by M/S GR Infraprojects

Ltd.

3.1 Test Results of Bitumen (VG-40)

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 Spec. Test
Sl.N Test
Test Unit Requireme Result
o Method
nt s

1 Specific Gravity IS: 1202 - 0.99 Min. 1.023

Penetration at 25°C,
2 IS: 1203 mm 35 Min. 47.0
100gm, 5s.
3 Softening Point (R & B) IS: 1205 0
C 50 Min. 56.8
IS:1206 (P-
4 Absolute Viscosity Poises 3200 - 4800 3403
2)

4.0 Mix Proportioning of BC Grade-1(Marshall Method)

Mix design is carried out in according with Marshall Method described in Asphalt
Institute Manual Series-2.

4.1 Proposed Nominal size of Aggregates

The selected nominal sizes of aggregates for BC mix proportioning are as
follows
1) Hot Bin-2 (<26.5 - 14mm) Aggregate
2) Hot Bin-3 (14 - 6mm) Aggregates
3) Hot Bin-4 (< 6mm) Aggregate
4) Filler (Dust Filler)

4.2 Selection of Gradation

For selecting the proper gradation, different blending trials have been carried
out by changing different aggregate proportions to meet MOSRT&H Limits.

4.2.1 Proportions

The proportions of the individual ingredients and the selected gradation for the
analysis are given below.
1 Hot Bin-2 (<25 - 14mm) Aggregate 30%

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 2 Hot Bin-3 (14 - 6mm) Aggregates 28%

3 Hot Bin-4 (< 6mm) Aggregate 40%

4 Filler (Dust Filler) 2%

4.3 Job Mix Formula

The JMF is established to produce a uniform mix subject to the permissible

variations of the individual percentages of the various ingredients in the actual

mix from the Job Mix Formula to be used within the limits as specified in Table

500-18 of MOSRT&H.

Table: 4.3.1 Job Mix Formula for BC Grade-1

Permissible
Specified Limit as
variation as per
Sieve Size(mm) % Passing per Table:500-17 of
Table:500-18 of
MORT&H
MORT&H
26.5 100 ±7% 100
19.0 97.88 ±7% 90 - 100
13.2 77.43 ±6% 59 - 79
9.5 66.22 ±6% 52 - 72
4.75 40.66 ±5% 35 - 55
2.36 33.40 ±4% 28 - 44
1.18 24.67 ±4% 20 - 34
0.600 18.80 ±4% 15 - 27
0.300 14.29 ±3% 10 - 20
0.150 8.99 ±3% 5 - 13
0.075 4.42 ±1.5% 2-8
% Bitumen
content by weight ±0.3%
5.2% Min 5.2%
of total mix

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4.4 Casting and Testing of specimens

Different trials have been made with varying bitumen contents ranging from
4.0% to 6.0% at an interval of 0.50%. Each trial consists of a set of three
specimens. (Annexure: 1)

4.5 Interpretation of Test Results

Separate graphical plot for the following values are illustrated in graphical

figures shown. (Annexre: 2)

4.6 Trends and relations of test data

The test property curves have been found to follow a reasonably consistent
pattern, but variations will and do occur.
Trend generally noted are
 The Stability value increases with increasing asphalt content up to a
maximum after which the stability decreases.
 The percent of air voids, Va steadily decreases with increasing asphalt
content, ultimately approaching a minimum void content.
 The Percent voids in the mineral aggregate, VMA, generally decreases to
a minimum value then increases with increasing asphalt content.
 The percent voids filled with asphalt, VFA, steadily increases with
increasing asphalt content, because the VMA is being filled with asphalt.
4.7 Selection of Final Mix Design
Mix design criteria will produce a narrow range of acceptable asphalt
contents that pass all of the criteria. The asphalt content selection can be
adjusted within this narrow range to achieve a mix property that will satisfy
all the mix design criteria. Hence the mix design at 5.10% asphalt content
which is within the range (4.80% to 5.40%) of acceptable asphalt contents
that passes all the mix design criteria is selected as the final mix design.

4.8 Casting and Testing of Confirmatory Specimens

Specimens are casted at optimum bitumen content with the selected

proportions of aggregates and the results obtained are furnished.

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 Table-4.8.1 Test results of Confirmatory Specimens OBC @ 5.20%
Requirements as
Sl.
Description per Table No.500-11 Test Results
No
of MORT & H
75 Blows on each face of
1 Compaction Level
specimen
2 Marshall Density (gm/cc) - 2.392
3 Gmm - 2.486
9.0KN (917kg)
4 Marshall Stability (Kg @60˚C) 1221
min.
5 Marshall Flow (mm) 2 - 4 (0.1mm) 3.2
6 Marshall Quotient (Stability/Flow) 2-5 3.8
7 % Air Voids 3-5 3.80
% Minimum voids in material
8 12.0 min. 13.83
aggregates (VMA)
9 % voids filled with bitumen (VFB) 65-75 72.53
Min 80%
10 Retained Stability (%) retained 91.53%
strength
Binder content % by weight of total
11 5.2% Min. 5.20%
mix

4.9 Conclusions
From the above analysis, Mix proportioning is arrived as below,
%Bitumen
Hot Bin-2 Filler
Hot Bin-3 Hot Bin-4 content by
(<25 - (Baghouse
(14 - 6mm) (<6mm) weight of
14mm) Filler)
total mix
28.4% 26.5% 38.0% 1.9% 5.2%
Hence, proposed to adopt the mix.

EPC Contractor Representative

Authority Engineer Representative

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