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6 EDITORIAL DELHI
A referendum on the Prime Minister?
Hindutva nationalism as embodied by Narendra Modi has remained the dominant narrative of the Lok Sabha polls
T
he estimates for foreign trade showing a sharp Varghese K. George or contaminating offi cial data on ments where they exist, and better enough to match the 2014 fi gures
SANDEEP SAXENA
slowdown in merchandise export growth in these topics. If 2014 was about management of elections com in U.P., but Bihar off ers better
April, to 0.64% from a year earlier, ought to add seeking economic progress pared to 2014. In Chhattisgarh, the prospects for the party. The BJP’s
R
to concerns about the economy. If one were to strip amesh and Rajesh, two through Hindu consolidation, in Congress has achieved this objec performance therefore will de
away the 31% surge in shipments of petroleum products brothers in Atari Khejra, 2019 national glory was itself the tive in signifi cant measure. “Mr. pend on whether and to what ex
to overseas markets, India’s export of goods actually around 50 km from the Mad end. Modi’s campaign in 2014 was eco tent it has lured Yadavs, and in U.P.
hya Pradesh capital Bhopal, could Core Modi voters are convinced ties had reduced, prices had gone nomy plus emotions, but this time nonJatav Dalits and Jats. That will
contracted by over 3% in dollar terms last month. In
be counted among the socalled that India is a superpower, that his up, welfare had shrunk, social dis he was only emotions. Our cam depend on the extent to which Mr.
contrast, overall merchandise exports had expanded aspirational generation that sup strident rhetoric has scared Pakis harmony had risen and corrup paign was only economy and Modi could make it a referendum
11% yearonyear in March, with the growth in ship ported Prime Minister Narendra tan and China. In a particularly tion had spiked, but still wanted a lacked emotions,” a Congress on himself in U.P. and Bihar. Un
ments excluding petroleum products exceeding that Modi in 2014. In their mid20s and jawdropping moment of adula second term for Mr. Modi. Only on functionary summed it up. “In like the Congress, the BJP has been
pace by about 50 basis points. The slump in exports wiser by fi ve years now, they la tion for Mr. Modi, a young tourist one question, more people 2004 we beat the BJP when we relentlessly reaching out to all
was fairly widespread, with 16 of the 30 major product boured to explain their continuing guide in Agra, a Jat, who by con thought Mr. Modi has done well: both talked about material backward castes and tribals.
groups listed by the Commerce Ministry refl ecting con support for Mr. Modi, who they ventional wisdom should be a sup ‘India’s image in the world’. aspects.” Traders, the traditional social
tractions, compared with the 10 categories that had want in offi ce for a second term. porter of the antiBJP coalition of This kind of support for Mr. Mo base of the BJP, expressed resent
The brothers run a tea shop by the the Samajwadi Party, Bahujan Sa di cuts across caste, though upper The U.P., Bihar narrative ment over demonetisation. Mus
shrunk in March. Worryingly, shipments of engineering
highway and their backward caste maj Party and Rashtriya Lok Dal in castes are its fulcrum. But this sup The Hindutva narrative has been lims and tribals off ered but did not
goods declined by over 7% after having expanded by Kurmi family owns some land. Uttar Pradesh, said: “Who in the port could be mobilised only challenged the most in U.P., fol as much vocalise their opposition
16.3% in March, while the traditionally strong export Their farm incomes remain non world knew Manmohan Singh? when the question was specifi cally lowed by Bihar, and among two to Hindutva. There were no fatwas
sectors — gem and jewellery, leather and leather pro remunerative, material life re Donald Trump stands up when he framed whether they want a se communities everywhere: Mus calling on the Muslims to vote in
ducts, textiles and garments and drugs and pharma mains as tough as ever, and they meets Narendra Modi.” His fi nan cond term for Mr. Modi, sidestep lims and tribals, who were not vo any particular direction in 2019.
ceuticals — all weakened. These are all key providers of are not benefi ciaries of the several cial situation is worse than it was ping all local questions and daily cal. West Bengal is in a diff erent ca BSP chief Mayawati, representing
jobs and any protracted pain across these industries welfare schemes launched by the in 2014, but he believes that demo experience. Mr. Modi’s attempt tegory as the BJP is still trying to Ambedkarite Dalits, mobilised her
Modi government. But fi nally they netisation has done a world of has been to make the entire elec expand its footprint. Bihar and supporters on a staunchly political
will impact jobs, wages and consumption demand in
came up with one reason that they good for the nation. To ask about tion into a referendum on him, U.P. are extremely critical in 2019: platform, but her refusal to accom
the domestic market. While the contraction in gem and sounded fully convinced about: the promises of 2014 itself has be and his success will depend on 93 of the BJP’s 282 seats in 2014 modate the Congress in the U.P. al
jewellery exports widened to 13.4% in April, from 0.4% “India has become number 1 in the come an antinational act. “To talk whether or not he managed to came from these two States. The liance may have cost the alliance.
in March, the slump in the leather segment broadened world under Mr. Modi.” about jobs, we need to have a push a critical mass of the voters critical mass of the Muslim electo Trinamool Congress chief and
to 15.3% from 6.4%. And the pace of growth of garment country fi rst, right?” Mr. Modi’s to look beyond their material rate and the deeprooted history West Bengal Chief Minister Mama
exports decelerated to 4.4% from 15.1% in March. Jettisoning economic issues supporters retort. This suspension wellbeing. of social justice politics that has of ta Banerjee has fought the Hindut
Imports grew by 4.5% to $41.4 billion in April, accel A widely popular explanation for of logic and rational thinking and fered a counterpolemic to the va plans for West Bengal in the
Mr. Modi’s 2014 success was that the intangible abstract of national The Congress challenge Hindutva agenda make these streets. All told, in regions where
erating from March’s 1.4% pace as purchases of crude
he had jettisoned Hindutva for re glory can be found across the Hin The Congress under Rahul Gandhi States distinct. This unique combi the BJP is strong, Hindutva nation
oil and gold continued to increase. While the 9.3% jump forms/development. There was no di heartland. This is not to deny challenged this delusional popu nation of demographic and histor alism personifi ed in Mr. Modi re
in the oil import bill, from March’s 5.6%, can partly be evidence to support this theory — the existence of a cohort of tran lism by questioning the militarism ical factors makes the Gujarat mo mained the dominant political
explained by the rise in international crude prices in fact, evidence suggested the op sactional voters who rooted for and ultranationalism underlying del of Hindutva — to reduce to force in 2019. Any public desire for
(Brent crude futures, for instance, advanced 6.4% in posite, as he declared himself a Mr. Modi — the recipients of the it and promising a minimum in irrelevance Muslims and tribals, his removal from his offi ce, if it ex
April), India’s insatiable appetite for gold, as refl ected in “Hindu nationalist” ahead of the subsidised cooking gas and hous come guarantee for all under a and win an overwhelming majori ists, has not been an outcry. The
the 54% surge in imports last month, must give policy campaign and repeatedly raised es, for instance. scheme called NYAY (Nyuntam ty among the rest — diffi cult in Congress’s gains will be propor
cow slaughter, “infi ltrators”, etc. This euphoria disconnected Aay Yojana). While this fuelled these States. tional to the impact of local fac
makers cause for refl ection. Excluding oil and gold, ho
through the 2014 campaign. But from selfadmitted reality is borne some hope for the party’s resur The BJP achieved that feat in tors, and not on account of any na
wever, imports shrank by more than 2% last month, sig this had become justifi cation for a out in the Centre for the Study of gence, its impact as a panIndia al 2014, and hopes to repeat it in tional alternative that it has put
nalling that import demand in the real productive segment of his elite supporters. Developing Societies’s prepoll ternative to Hindutva has been li 2019. A shared existential threat forward.
sectors is largely becalmed. As a result of merchandise Mr. Modi never promised a list of survey, in which more people mited. This is primarily due to the from the BJP united Yadavs, Dalits
imports outpacing exports, the trade defi cit widened to reforms, though he did promise thought employment opportuni patronising tone of the party’s and Muslims in U.P. and Bihar and varghese.g@thehindu.co.in
a fi vemonth high of $15.3 billion. The widening trade
shortfall will add pressure on India’s burgeoning cur
rent account defi cit, which at a provisional $51.9 billion
in the fi rst nine months of fi scal 201819 had already sur
passed the preceding fi nancial year’s 12month shortfall
Charting a clear course in the IndoPacifi c
of $48.7 billion. With stronger headwinds ahead in the The IndoPacifi c wing in the Ministry of External Aff airs gives strategic coherence to India’s Look East policy
form of an escalating trade war between the U.S. and
China, and its knockon impact on global growth, the in which the navies of the Indian part of the IndoPacifi c discourse. rently and with a renewed sense of
outlook for export demand is far from reassuring. Add Ocean Region (IOR) participate. This wing provides a strategic co purpose. There are still challenges
the rising military tensions in West Asia and its poten India has boosted its engagements herence to the Prime Minister’s In for India, especially how it will in
with Australia and New Zealand doPacifi c vision, integrating the tegrate the Quadrilateral initiative
tial to further push up oil prices, and the scope to con
and has deepened its cooperation IORA, the ASEAN region and the which got revived in 2017 with its
tain the trade and current account defi cits seems signif with the Republic of Korea. Quad to the IndoPacifi c dynamic. larger IndoPacifi c approach. It
icantly challenging. Clearly, this would be one more Harsh V. Pant Through the Forum for IndiaPac The integration of the IORA will also be important for the new
pressing concern for the new government to address. & Premesha Saha ifi c Islands Cooperation, India is means that attention will continue MEA division to move beyond se
stepping up its interactions with to be focused on the IOR. This can curity and political issues and ar
the Pacifi c Island countries. India’s be a result of the growing Chinese ticulate a more comprehensive
Holding the centre
T
hough the term IndoPacifi c growing partnership with Africa footprint in the Indian Ocean and policy towards the region. Com
has been gaining traction in can be seen through the conven Chinese diplomacy in the region. merce and connectivity in particu
Europe’s mainstream parties must not take
AFP
Indian policy circles for ing of mechanisms like the India The Ministry of Defence and the lar will have to be prioritised if In
fright at the perceived appeal of populism some time now, it achieved opera Africa Forum Summits. India’s Indian Navy also are also taking dia is to take advantage of a new
tional clarity after the Indian vi multilayered engagement with how the term IndoPacifi c has note of the developments in this opening for its regional engage
O
n May 23, as the results of the Indian elections sion was presented by Prime Mi China as well as strategic partner been gaining currency and how region and this wing can work in ment.
emerge, in Europe the world’s second largest nister Narendra Modi in his ship with Russia underlines its major regional actors such as the coordination with these two or While India has been consis
democratic electoral process will get under way. keynote address at the ShangriLa commitment to ensuring a stable, U.S., Japan and Australia are artic gans as well. Given New Delhi’s tently emphasising “inclusive
More than 425 million voters are eligible to participate Dialogue in June 2018. His speech open, secure, inclusive and ulating their regional visions — in stakes in its immediate neighbour ness” in the IndoPacifi c frame
underscored that for India the ge prosperous IndoPacifi c. cluding this term in their offi cial hood, a more focused and inte work, it will be challenging to
in elections that will take place over a fourday period to
ography of the IndoPacifi c India views the IndoPacifi c as a policy statements — it was becom grated approach is needed. maintain a balance between the
select 751 members of the European Parliament for a stretches from the eastern coast of geographic and strategic expanse, ing imperative for India to opera Additionally, ASEAN forms the interests of all stakeholders. There
fi veyear term. There would have been 705, but for the Africa to Oceania (from the shores with the 10 ASEAN countries con tionalise its IndoPacifi c policy. cornerstone of India’s Act East pol are diff erences between India’s vi
delays to Brexit, which means Britain will participate of Africa to that of the Americas) necting the two great oceans. In The renaming of the U.S. Pacifi c icy and IndoPacifi c vision. As sion and the U.S.’s strategy for the
too. Thousands of candidates from hundreds of parties which also includes in its fold the clusiveness, openness, and ASEAN Command to U.S. IndoPacifi c ASEAN now enters into delibera IndoPacifi c even as countries like
as well as independents will seek votes, and the win Pacifi c Island countries. centrality and unity, therefore, lie Command as well as the Asia Reas tions to carve out its own Indo China and Russia view the Indo
ners will form crossnational groupings in the House at the heart of the Indian notion of surance Initiative Act in December Pacifi c policy, it underscores a Pacifi c with suspicion. As geopolit
based on their political ideology. With turnout usually Many mechanisms IndoPacifi c. Security in the region 2018 showcase Washington’s more shift in the stand of the subregion ical tensions rise between China
India’s Act East policy remains the must be maintained through dia serious engagement with the Indo al organisation towards the Indo and the U.S., the MEA’s new divi
low (43% in 2014), predictions can be tricky, but expec
bedrock of the national IndoPacif logue, a common rulesbased or Pacifi c. The Free and Open Indo Pacifi c concept. Initially there was sion will have its task cut out if In
tations are that farright and Eurosceptic parties will ic vision and the centrality of der, freedom of navigation, unim Pacifi c concept was unveiled by Ja a lurking fear within the grouping dia’s longterm political and eco
make gains. Last month, Italy’s Deputy Prime Minister ASEAN is embedded in the Indian peded commerce and settlement panese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe that the IndoPacifi c concept nomic interests in the region are to
and fi gurehead for the far right in Europe, Matteo Salvi narrative. India has been an active of disputes in accordance with in in 2016, and Australia released its might just overshadow ASEAN’s be preserved. A bureaucratic
ni, launched the campaign for the European Alliance of participant in mechanisms like the ternational law. More connectivity Foreign Policy White Paper in centrality and importance. Visua change was indeed needed, but
People and Nations, alongside allies from Germany to Indian Ocean Rim Association (IO initiatives impinging on respect for 2017, which details Australia’s In lising the ASEAN region as a part going forward the challenge would
Denmark, on a platform invoking tougher immigration RA), in ASEANled frameworks like sovereignty, territorial integrity, doPacifi c vision centred around of the wider IndoPacifi c shows an be to see how eff ectively this
the East Asia Summit, the ASEAN consultation, good governance, security, openness and prosperity. evolution in the region’s thinking, change manifests itself in manag
rules and in some cases Euroscepticism, uniting parties
Defence Ministers’ Meeting Plus, transparency, viability and sus Given the huge geography that opening new possibilities for In ing India’s growing diplomatic
that had once been split between groupings. In Britain, the ASEAN Regional Forum as well tainability should be promoted. the Indian defi nition of IndoPacif dia’s engagement with the footprint in the IndoPacifi c.
the appeal of antiEuropean sentiment has manifested as the Bay of Bengal Initiative for ic covers, there was a need for a grouping.
itself in the success of the Brexit Party, formed in Janu MultiSectoral Technical and Eco A natural corollary bureaucratic realignment to Harsh V. Pant is Director, Studies at
ary by former UK Independence Party head Nigel Far nomic Cooperation and the Me The setting up of the IndoPacifi c create a division that can imbibe in Challenges ahead Observer Research Foundation, New Delhi
age — it is projected to win a 34% share of the vote. In kongGanga Economic Corridor. wing in the Ministry of External Af its fold the various territorial divi India’s bureaucratic shift is an im and Professor of International Relations
Germany, the rightwing Alternative für Deutschland is India has also been convening the fairs (MEA) in April 2019 is a natu sions in the MEA that look after the portant move to articulate its re at King’s College London. Premesha Saha
Indian Ocean Naval Symposium, ral corollary to this vision. Given policies of the countries which are gional policy more cogently, cohe is an Associate Fellow at ORF, New Delhi
expected to make gains, while in France the rightwing
National Rally (former National Front) could to do bet
ter than President Emmanuel Macron’s En Marche.
There is a risk that centreright and centreleft coali
LETTERS TO THE EDITOR Letters emailed to letters@thehindu.co.in must carry the full postal address and the full name or the name with initials.
tions will fail to command a joint majority. The tempta
tion will be for centrist parties to see these elections as A wise decision A shameful remark revered leaders not just in to allow the Prime and riding populist waves than singleparty rule?”,
yet another sign that populism is on the rise, and a The Congress’s decision The BJP, which nominated India but in the world. He is Minister’s rallies there. How points to the alarming May 17). One, the alliance
points to the importance of the terror accused Pragya the symbol of our nation. It can anyone believe in erosion of the liberal should be of likeminded
cause they must in one way or another pander to. In
regional parties in forming Singh Thakur to contest the is deeply upsetting that the democracy when a consensus that had once parties, at least on critical
Britain, this has certainly been the case with the right coalition governments Bhopal seat as if there was assassin of Gandhi has been constitutional body dominated the postwar issues. Two, it should be led
ward lunge of the Conservative Party, while in Germany (“Congress will not insist on no other worthy person in called a patriot. I also can’t entrusted with ensuring the world order. However, by a leader who has wide
the centreleft SPD has toughened its stance on asylum Prime Minister’s post: the party to be fi elded, understand why politicians largest democratic exercise discussions in the English appeal across the nation.
seekers. Yet, this would be the wrong message to take. Azad”, May 17). Actually, should hang its head in are talking about past loses credibility? media focus mainly on Three, postelection
What is under way is vastly more complex. It is certain announcing the prime shame for the encomium events when there are so V. Padmanabhan, these ‘liberal issues’. alliances are not only
that people are seeking alternatives amid stagnating ministerial candidate ahead paid by its ‘sadhvi’ nominee many issues in the country Bengaluru Instead, there is a need for detrimental to the proper
of an election is to rely on to a murderer (“Pragya calls today to debate. closer examination of functioning of a
wages and living standards, with many shunning main
the charisma of an Godse ‘patriot’, whips up Vidhya B. Ragunath, Liberal talk whether the institutions of government, but are a
stream parties in their quest — but to infer that all see individual rather than bank storm”, May 17). If the Thanjavur The concern of liberals the liberal project have mockery of democracy as
populism as the route ahead would be naive. Green par on the policies and saff ron party is truly about the erosion of delivered equity and social parties that fi ght against
ties, for example, are expected to make their best show manifesto of the party. The ‘national’ and respects the A partisan Commission institutions and the change justice in India. one another come together
ing yet across the continent, as public support for an Prime Minister should be Father of the Nation, it The Election Commission’s in the ‘idea of India’ in Harikrishna Varma, to form the government
agenda that encompasses progressive climate change appointed by the party should not allow her to actions are partisan (“West contrast to the immediate Ernakulam later. If the coalition is
policies and social justice has grown. European parlia holding a majority in the contest the election. She Bengal tango”, May 17). All concerns of the people is a formed on a preelection
Lok Sabha, not be elected has lost all moral right to be its recent onesided topic that is woefully under Principles of coalition agenda, it would add to its
mentary elections should certainly trigger alarm bells
by the voters directly. a Member of Parliament. decisions show that the EC examined (“Is the future of There are three factors strength and longevity.
for the mainstream parties, but should also motivate Personality cults are Shalini Gerald, has a lot to answer for. The Indian democracy which determine the Y.G. Chouksey,
them to look imaginatively for fresh answers, rather harmful to nations. Chennai 10 p.m. deadline to end secure?”, May 17). World eff ectiveness of coalition Pune
than attempting to rehash decadesold illiberal ones. Kshirasagara Balaji Rao, campaigning in West over, the trend of ‘strong governments in India (“Is more letters online:
Hyderabad Gandhi is among the most Bengal was clearly intended leaders’ grasping power coalition government worse www.hindu.com/opinion/letters/
CM A ND-NDE
YK
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THE HINDU
SATURDAY, MAY 18, 2019
DELHI
GROUND ZERO 7
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O
n an oppressively hot day in Ba
ruipur, 50 km south of Kolkata,
in South 24 Parganas district,
Swarup Dutta sits in a shop crammed
with stabilisers and inverters. He slowly
sips his morning tea while chatting with
three middleaged men. Outside, ban
ners of the Trinamool Congress show
ing the grim visage of Chief Minister Ma
mata Banerjee are erected. But that
doesn’t refl ect the political leanings of
the four men inside. Dutta is one of the
founders of the Hindu Jagran Manch, an
organisation affi liated to the Vishwa
Hindu Parishad (VHP), in Baruipur. The
Hindu Jagran Manch, according to its
website, aims to “enable social harmo
ny and Hindu unity, propagate in public
interest Hindu myths, and rehabilitate
the victims of love jihad,” among other
things.
The four men discuss the ongoing
general election, which has been
marred by violence in West Bengal.
Much has changed in the eastern State
in just a decade. The West Bengal polit
ical landscape underwent a transforma
tion in 2011 when the Trinamool rode to
power, bringing to an end the Left
Front’s 34year rule. Eight years from
then, the contest is not between the Tri
namool and the Left, or even the Trina
mool and the Congress. A new national
player is making inroads everywhere.
The Bharatiya Janata Party’s steady rise
is not necessarily because of the party’s
activities; it is supported by a host of or
ganisations in West Bengal and has deep
coff ers. Established over the last three
decades, these organisations have mul
tiplied since the Trinamool came to
power. Their rise has forced the Trina
mool to change its election strategy and
adapt to the new challenge in ways dic
tated by its competitor. This is a story of
the work done by some of the agencies
that lend their support to the BJP.
Jumping ship
Samir Naskar, 40, who has dropped in
for a chat, is a member of the Hindu Ja
gran Manch, which is still unregistered
here. He is a former member of the So ”The Trinamool’s bigger challenge beyond May 23 will be Hindutva outfi ts which are not clearly visible on ground, unlike the BJP. “ A religious procession marking the Ram Navami festival in Siliguri in April, 2019.
narpur Zonal Committee and Panchayat (Below): An Ekal Vidyalaya in a tiny hamlet, Kalitala, in the Habibpur developmental block of Malda district, West Bengal. AFP/ SUBHAM DUTTA *
of the Communist Party of India (Mar
xist). Now, he is a committed foot sol
dier of the BJP.
“What to do? Dilipda wanted me,” he
change, we began noticing how the mi
norities were growing from strength to
But the Trinamool could also turn
this into an advantage, he says. “An im <
> We [Trinamool] do not have
cadres who are informed and
of the campus which has a Ram Mandir,
a goshala, a computertraining school
explains. “Dilipda” is the BJP State pre strength. The majority community was portant characteristic of Mamata is that educated to monitor the Sangh and various skill development pro
sident Dilip Ghosh, who was particular complaining and the BJP was failing to she is a quick learner. Not having a Parivar. They [Hindutva grammes to impart training to courier
ly keen on roping in Naskar because of take advantage of the situation,” he strong ideology helps her to continu organisations] are operating at boys or automobile mechanics. But the
his ability to manage elections. Naskar says. “We decided then to act and began ously improvise. This is a kind of jugaad many levels. real success story is the 85,000 Ekal
says he switched recently from the Hin promoting Ram Navami to engage the in the world of politics.” But while the schools in India. “Bengal has about
Moazzem Hossain
du Jagran Manch to the BJP. The reason youth.” Trinamool “adapts”, there is no way to District president of the Trinamool in Malda 3,600 of such schools, of which 250 are
is “understandable,” says Dutta. “Nas There was some apprehension in tell which direction its fl ock will turn. in Malda,” says Pande.
kar has worked with Dilipda in the putting the spotlight on Lord Ram in a Biswanath Das (name changed) is a It is early morning. Dalit and Adivasi
Manch. They share a bond.” It is against State where Durga, Kali, local gods cele reasonably affl uent political activist. He der. They report cases of cow theft, children chant the Gayatri Mantra in
the blurring of boundaries between ide brated in Bengal’s literature such as Ma lives on the bank of the river Padma in smuggling and atrocities by the ‘majori Kalitala village in Habibpur. The school
ologically inimical parties that the 2019 nasha and Itu, and other godmen are Murshidabad’s Jalangi block. “We are of ty’ in Murshidabad,” says Biswas, a has one teacher, Jolly Mondal, who is
election is playing out. celebrated, he says. “But we felt we fi cially Trinamool and unoffi cially BJP,” swayamsevak. Muslims, who constitute pursuing a Master’s degree. She gets
Naskar used to be in charge of booth should select only that icon, which has says Das. Das, a Trinamool Panchayat about 70% of Murshidabad’s popula ₹ 1,000 as honorarium per month and
management for the CPI(M) — his task helped us grow elsewhere, to mobilise Samiti member, was denied a ticket tion, are the majority in the district. “enjoys teaching”. The children under
was to gather together boys in his Pan people. This year we have had rallies in when internal infi ghting broke out with Colonel Dipak Bhattacharya, the her watch recite a series of poems re
chayat, Pratapnagar, which is adjacent all the 512 of the VHP’s own blocks.” in the Trinamool. He was also attacked South Bengal president of the SCM, says counting the greatness of Sita and Savi
to Baruipur, to mobilise voters to reach Sinha agrees that their programmes by members of a faction of the Trina the organisation was launched in Ben tri. The children say that their favourite
the booths and vote, he says. Now, he is have helped “the BJP increase its vote mool. He still has a neatly spread Trina gal decades ago, but began to grow only hymn is the Bijaya Mahamantra, in
the poll manager of the BJP in four Pan share,” but insists that the VHP is not mool fl ag on the roof of his house. “The from 2017. “In the last four years, from praise of Lord Ram.
chayats, which together have about “connected to elections”. “We are a reli Hindus here are all with the BJP, but the very few volunteers we are now have Pande insists that Ekals are “both
67,000 voters. giosocial organisation,” he says fi rmly. fl ag is for protection,” he says. about 30,000 in the State, of which nonreligious and nonformal schools”
“Today, Hindus are supporting the Neither does the Left Front have a Sinha smiles while talking of the Trina 20,000 are in South Bengal,” he says. and that they follow the governmentap
BJP because of Mamata’s policy to ap strategy. In the Kolkata offi ce of the Par mool adopting the same strategy to gar Nation-building The Colonel became a fulltime proved syllabus for children up to the
pease the Muslims,” says Naskar. His ty of Democratic Socialism, founded by ner votes. “They’ve realised that the Seemanta Chetana Mancha (SCM), a swayamsevak after retirement, he says. fourth grade. These schools, some of
grouse with the CPI(M) and the Trina the CPI(M)’s rebels in 2001, Samir Puta Hindu votes are consolidating behind platform to increase awareness about The SCM is popular in border States which are residential, impart education
mool is that they are “reluctant to pro tundu, one of the founders, says they the BJP.” borders and commit to the nationbuild like Rajasthan and Gujarat. One of the in sports, language, culture and patrio
tect the interests of Hindus”. He adds: “never monitored the RSS [Rashtriya ing process, is another success story of key programmes that popularised the tism. “We teach children to love their
“Last month, Muslims planned a jalsha Swayamsevak Sangh] outfi ts over the Changing strategy the Hindutva brigade in Bengal. Stand SCM in the border towns and villages of country through songs. There are 90
in Sangur village in Pratapnagar. We years, as neither the BJP nor the RSS At the Ram Navami celebrations in ing in a fl oodplain of the Padma, the Bengal was “stopping land transfer to such schools in Habibpur block, besides
stopped them from organising it. The was perceived as a threat.” With the Left April, thousands of people could be SCM’s State Committee member, Ta Muslims”. Many Hindu families, espe many run by the RSS,” says Pande. Both
police arrested me.” now fl oundering in West Bengal, and seen brandishing hefty metal swords pash Biswas, says the organisation, cially aged couples whose children live Ekal and Gramotthan are funded by
With the participation of activists like with the Trinamool still its main adver and rocket launchers made of thermo which “closely coordinates with the in Kolkatta, were selling their property “wellwishers in many countries, espe
Naskar from across the State, the Hindu sary in the State, more and more of its col. Ratna De Nag, the incumbent MP of Border Security Force”, has grown dra to Muslims and leaving the border areas cially the United States.”
Jagran Manch’s main programme, Ram supporters are moving to the opposite Hooghly, stood at the tail end of the ral matically. “Our job is to ensure that pe to be with their children, the SCM mem On way to the city, Pande says that
Navami, has witnessed a massive surge ideological camp, the BJP. ly, following the swordwielding men ople like Biswanath Das are aware of bers say. “So, we undertook a pro the good work of the Ekal should “bene
in participation. In 2014, Ram Navami and “monitoring the situation”, accord their rights as citizens living on the bor gramme to reach out to those couples. fi t the BJP” in the elections. How? “We
celebrations got a big boost when the A new icon in Bengal ing to her associates. We told them that if every Hindu family run the fi nest Ekal school in Balurghat
Manch provided logistical support. “We The VHP offi ce is located in a nonde “The ruling party is adopting the nar leaves the area, then the border will be and it has an impact in the area,” he
felt that the youth needed an icon in script fourstorey building on which is rative of the Opposition. And that is the <
> Owing to a lack of ideology, the
Trinamool is borrowing the completely dominated by Muslims. The says. Sinha says there are “50 families
Bengal. We decided to give the Ram Na painted the emblem of the organisation, victory of the Sangh Parivar,” says San programme gave a major boost to our connected to each Ekal”, and the teach
narrative of its rivals from time
vami celebrations a push. We formed a giant banyan tree. Inside the offi ce, lo jeeb Mukherjee, retired Professor of membership,” Bhattacharya says. Other er is asked to reach out to each family to
celebration committees and Naskar cated in central Kolkata, is a poster of Political Science, Calcutta University. to time. Earlier it had a pro- programmes such as providing protec talk “about religion and the country”.
played a key role in that,” Dutta says. He Lord Krishna and two cows on the door. “Owing to a lack of ideology, the Trina peasant narrative, which it had tion to cows and ensuring jobs have at The teachers do not talk about the elec
reads from a yellow diary: “Last year, It reads, ‘Only those who protect cows mool is borrowing the narrative of its borrowed from the Left. Now it tracted more people. tions necessarily, he says. But come
20,61,000 people participated in the will get our votes’. Elderly Bengali wo rivals from time to time. Earlier it had a has a pro-Hindutva narrative, elections, the parents carry forward the
Ram Navami rally. Among them, men in white saris run around off ering propeasant narrative, which it had bor which it has borrowed from Skill development message of voting for the country fi rst,
3,89,135 were matrishakti (women). Till prasad in the offi ce, someone is cooking rowed from the Left. Now it has a pro the Right. Along the banks of the river is a giant an oftrepeated comment of BJP
about a few years ago, there were only a bhog, and there is a strong fragrance of Hindutva narrative, which it has bor Sanjeeb Mukherjee and partly rusted gate covered with leaders.
few thousand who attended the fl owers. rowed from the Right.” Retired Professor of Political Science, Calcutta University bougainvillea. This is the Bhalukbona
celebrations.” The organisation secretary of the Gramotthan Prashikshan Kendra. The The bigger challenge
Soon after BJP leaders participated in VHP, Sachindranath Sinha, does not de organisation was founded in Kolkata in The heady mix of nationalism and reli
armed Ram Navami rallies, this year the ny that the VHP has been working with the late 1980s and is credited for the gion has clearly found a resonance in
Trinamool, not to be left behind, also temple priests for a long time. “It is BJP’s growth in the tribal areas of cen the once Marxist State of West Bengal.
organised processions, with partici called Dharmacharya Samparka Bibhag tral India by national leaders of the Bengal now slips into the last phase of
pants beating drums and shouting ‘Jai [the blessings of priests are sought for party. what has turned out to be a violent bat
Shri Ram!’ Trinamool leaders admit that every activity of the VHP]. There are As the gate opens, visible on a plaque tle for the ballot. With educationist Ish
they were — and still are — unsure about half a dozen other departments of the are words by Prime Minister Narendra war Chandra Vidyasagar’s marble bust
their strategy “to counter the Hindutva VHP doing various kinds of work such Modi: “Our mission should be skill deve smashed into smithereens following a
brigade”. The district president of the as empowering women [through Durga lopment to take the country forward.” clash between the BJP and the TMC a
Trinamool in Malda, Moazzem Hossain, Vahini], skill development, etc.,” Sinha The Bhalukbona centre, located deep in few days ago, and both blaming each
who is contesting this time, says, “We says. The VHP liaises with sadhus and Malda’s Habibpur block which has a other for the episode, the tension in the
do not have cadres who are informed arranges free pilgrimages for them to 50% Scheduled Caste and 30% Sche State has only increased. Messages
and educated to monitor the Sangh Pa the Maha Kumbh Mela and places of re duled Tribe population, is running the about religious communities are being
rivar. They [Hindutva organisations] are ligious signifi cance. Prime Minister’s skill development pro forwarded by organisations, many of
operating at many levels.” One such ‘op The organisation has only been grow gramme on a huge campus. which were founded in postIndepen
eration’ involves taking candidates to lo ing, Sinha says. “The Bajrang Dal is the “Since 2001, the Ekal Vidyalaya has dence Bengal, managed to survive dur
cal and lesserknown shrines in the youth wing of the VHP. Four years ago, been in operation, but from 2011, we de ing the Communist era, and are now
evenings, have them perform an aarti, we had 5,0007,000 members. Now we veloped the Gramotthan project to en consolidated in Trinamool’s Bengal.
and take the blessings of the temple have 70,000.” He credits the rise of the sure jobs for the villagers in the area,” The Trinamool’s bigger challenge
priest. When a priest endorses a candi Bajrang Dal to Lord Ram and the gener says Kanai Pande, the man in charge of beyond May 23 will be these Hindutva
date in front of 200500 people, it al growth of Hindutva in the State. “A the Bhalukbona project. Pande, a outfi ts which are not clearly visible on
makes a diff erence. few years ago, after the government swayamsevak, takes us on a guided tour ground, unlike the BJP.
CM A ND-NDE
YK