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S cientific method:
a. What are the steps of each
1. Ask a question 2. Do background research 3. Construct a hypothesis 4. Test with an
experiment 5.make sure your procedure is working 6. Analyze data and draw
conclusions 7. Communicate results
b. Why we need it
When conducting research, scientists use the scientific method to collect measurable,
empirical evidence in an experiment related to a hypothesis (often in the form of an
if/then statement), the results aiming to support or contradict a theory. This gives
accurate, consistent results.
c. What makes a test valid
The validity of a test can be proven by the reliability of the source, the distinction of
directions, the consistency and neatness of the design, etc. We need multiple tests and
trials.
Work on research for each part of the scientific method.
Introduction:
a. What is homeostasis
Homeostasis is the tendency toward a relatively stable equilibrium between
interdependent elements, especially as maintained by physiological processes.
b. How does your specific way of homeostasis work?
When the body experiences stress, the heart pumps faster to create equal
amounts of oxygen in the body, which is a way of keeping homeostasis.
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5/22/2019 Heart Rate Homeostasis - Google Docs
c. What organs are involved?
The heart, veins, arteries, nervous system, blood.
d. What hormones are involved?
Adrenaline causes your heart to speed up, Acetylcholine lowers the heart rate.
Thyroid hormones also increase the heart rate.
e. What reaction does your body do?
As cells return to the heart they not only release carbon dioxide, they also collect
newly inhaled oxygen that will only circulate throughout the body
For procedure do research on multiple ways before you decide your procedure and fill out
graphic organizer
Procedure:
Materials stopwatch, pencil paper, calculator (optional)
1. Obtain a group of three students. One will have the job of timing (the “timer”), another
will provide the heart rate(the “provider”), and the last one will record the heart rate (the
“recorder”).
2. Take the BPM (beat per minute) heart rate of the provider after this student has been
sitting for 5 minutes. To do this, have the provider hold two fingers against the right side
of their neck, right under the jawbone. Have the timer set the watch to 10 seconds.
When the timer starts, have the student count the amount of beats in that ten seconds.
Then, have the recorder multiply that number by 6. Record that number. This is their
resting BPM.
3. Have the provider do 10 jumping jacks in 20 seconds.
4. Immediately after, take their BPM, the same way as before. Record that number as the
provider’s “active heart rate”.
5. Next, have the timer start the stopwatch.
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6. Every 2 minutes, take the provider’s BPM and record it, until they reach their resting
BPM.
7. Record the time that it took them to reach their resting BPM after their active BPM.
8. Repeat entire process two more times, rotating jobs, to solidify data.
Sources:
https://explorable.com/whatisthescientificmethod
https://www.livescience.com/20896sciencescientificmethod.html
https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/homeostasis
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/jumpingheartbeatexerciseyourpulsebringscience
home/
https://sciencing.com/bodyregulateheartrate19639.html
https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/lungandairwaydisorders/biologyofthelungsandairwa
ys/exchangingoxygenandcarbondioxide
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1OVGonEmzaKTxubp3MLU3Wb1OB7MtSUnZ03KIElxKWCE/edit 3/9
5/22/2019 Heart Rate Homeostasis - Google Docs
Article:
Lucy Ostrowski
Cooper Hochman
Nico Hadiaris
STEM 10, 5/6th Period
Heart Rate Homeostasis
Abstract:
In this project, the homeostasis with the heart rate in a human was tested. During exercise, the
heart rate raises, and the body keeps homeostasis by eventually lowering the heart rate back to its resting
Beat Per Minute (BPM).The test consisted of doing thirtyfive jumping jacks and measuring heart rate
before, after, and during.. The initial hypothesis was that “If heart rate is measured before and after
exercise, then the heart rate will quicken, and then slow back down to the resting heart rate”. The
independent variable was the amount of exercise, or number of jumping jacks. The dependent variable
was the heart rate and time that it took to go back to the resting rate. The constant was the time, and the
resting heart rate was the control run. After testing, the data showed a definite pattern. Overall, the
hypothesis was proven true.
Introduction:
In this project, the way that the body maintains homeostasis was looked at, specifically
the heart rate. How and why the heart rate changes with exercise 4 . was also observed. The body
maintains homeostasis by pumping out more blood to even out the amount of oxygen 5 in the
cells when the body experiences stress 6 . The body also maintains homeostasis by bringing the
heart rate back down once it is raised. The heart, veins, arteries and blood are all involved in this
process. Hormones also control the heart rate. Adrenaline and thyroid hormones make the heart
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5/22/2019 Heart Rate Homeostasis - Google Docs
beat faster while acetylcholine slow the heart rate. With this information, the hypothesis 1 “If
heart rate is measured before and after exercise, then the heart rate will quicken, and then slow
back down to the resting heart rate” was constructed. To prove the hypothesis 3 , a simple test was
conducted. This is to measure the resting heart rate, and then do 35 jumping jacks. After that,
measure the test subject’s BPM, and after 2 minutes take the BPM again and repeat every 2
minutes until the resting heart rate is reached again. Once the resting rate is reached, the body
shows homeostasis 2 .
Methods:
Procedure:
1. Obtain a group of three students. One will have the job of timing (the “timer”), another
will provide the heart rate(the “provider”), and the last one will record the heart rate (the
“recorder”).
2. Take the BPM (beat per minute) heart rate of the provider after this student has been
sitting for 5 minutes. To do this, have the provider hold two fingers against the right side
of their neck, right under the jawbone. Have the timer set the stopwatch to 10 seconds.
When the timer starts, have the student count the amount of beats in that ten seconds.
Then, have the recorder multiply that number by 6. Record that number. This is their
resting BPM.
3. Have the provider do 10 jumping jacks in 20 seconds.
4. Immediately after, take their heart rate (BPM), the same way as before. Record that
number as the provider’s “active heart rate”.
5. Next, have the timer start the stopwatch. Make sure the timer pays attention to the time
on the stopwatch.
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1OVGonEmzaKTxubp3MLU3Wb1OB7MtSUnZ03KIElxKWCE/edit 5/9
5/22/2019 Heart Rate Homeostasis - Google Docs
6. Every 2 minutes, take the provider’s BPM and record it, until they reach their resting
BPM.
7. Record the time that it took them to reach their resting BPM after their active BPM.
8. Repeat the entire process two more times. Rotate the jobs for each group member and
remember to solidify the data.
Materials: Stopwatch, pencil, paper, a calculator(optional), three test subjects who are able to do jumping
jacks
Results:
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5/22/2019 Heart Rate Homeostasis - Google Docs
Discussion and Conclusion:
This investigation showed how the body maintains homeostasis with the heart rate during
exercise. When the body undergoes stress, such as exercise, the heart rate increases drastically.
Then, shortly after, the heart’s BPM lowers all the way back down to its resting rate. For
example, in trial one of the experiment, the heart’s BPM started at 90, increased to 144, and
eventually came back down to it's resting rate. The resting rate of the heart shows the line of
homeostasis. All of the trials followed a very similar pattern, which can be seen in the graph
above. How does this happen? The body sends out certain hormones to maintain homeostasis for
the heart. These hormones consist of: Adrenaline, Acetylcholine, and Thyroid hormones.
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5/22/2019 Heart Rate Homeostasis - Google Docs
Adrenaline and Thyroid hormones speed up the heart rate while Acetylcholine lowers it down.
Overall, the data above proves that the body regulates the heart rate during exercise to maintain
homeostasis.
The tests that were taken showed very positive results, and many aspects went right, but
there were also some things that did not go as well as planned. First off, all three trials started
with a resting heart rate between 90 and 102, and after 35 jumping jacks, raised to a BPM
between 138 and 144. This shows a definite pattern in the results, which is a very good sign for
the investigation. Although the investigation, there are some factors that could have gone better.
Other factors can play into heart rate, such as stress, nervousness, or how much exercise the test
subject is used to. These factors may have affected the results, and to better this, other tests could
have been done to include those factors. An example of one of these tests would be to test the
subject throughout that day. Overall, the tests that were taken show extremely positive results.
References:
1-Wilson, Lyndsay. “What Is the Scientific Method?” Explorable - Think Outside The Box - Research, Experiments,
Psychology, Self-Help, 2017, explorable.com/what-is-the-scientific-method.
3-Murray, James. “Homeostasis | Definition of Homeostasis in English by Oxford Dictionaries.” Oxford Dictionaries |
English, Oxford Dictionaries, 2008, en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/homeostasis.
4-Harmon, Katherine. “Jumping Heartbeat: Exercise Your Pulse.” Scientific American, 24 May 2011,
www.scientificamerican.com/article/jumping-heartbeat-exercise-your-pulse-bring-science-home/.
5-Letchzin, Noah. “Exchanging Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide - Lung and Airway Disorders.” Merck Manuals Professional
Edition, 2018,
20https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/lung-and-airway-disorders/biology-of-the-lungs-and-airways/exchanging-o
xygen-and-carbon-dioxide.
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1OVGonEmzaKTxubp3MLU3Wb1OB7MtSUnZ03KIElxKWCE/edit 8/9
5/22/2019 Heart Rate Homeostasis - Google Docs
6-Blue, Marie-Luise. “How Does the Body Regulate Heart Rate?” Sciencing.com, Sciencing, 10 Jan. 2019,
sciencing.com/body-regulate-heart-rate-19639.html.
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