Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
(Biophysics of Neuron)
Aqsa Sjuhada
Dept of Physiology / Oral Biology, Airlangga University
@aqsa
http://aqsas.blogspot.
s com
BODY LIQUID
Total : 60%
Intracellular: 40%
Extracell: 20% (kecuali cair
serebrospinal, cairan sendi, cairan
saliva)
- cairan interstitial 15%
- cairan plasma 5%
- cairan sel darah
- cairan intra vaskuler
Biofisika Neuron 2
TRANSPORT BAHAN
Biofisika Neuron 3
ACTIVE PASSIVE
TRANSPORT TRANSPORT
CELLULAR required not required,
ENERGY only kinetic
energy
PROCESS physiology - physics
biology
Biofisika Neuron 4
DIFFUSION
Particle movement
Simple diffusion : O2, CO2, alcohol
Facilitated diffusion : glucose,
amine acid
OSMOSIS
Liquid movement
Hypotonic - Hypertonic
Biofisika Neuron 5
DIFFUSION
Biofisika Neuron 6
OSMOSIS
Biofisika Neuron 7
MACAM GERAKAN ARAH PLASMA CARRIER ENERGY
DARI GERAKA MEMBRA SYSTEM CELLULA
N N R
Osmos Solvent C↓→C↑ SP Tidak Tidak
is
Diffusi Solut C↑→C↓ +/- Tidak Tidak
Biofisika Neuron 8
Biofisika Neuron 9
Biofisika Neuron 10
eyeem.com/a
Biofisika Neuron 11
qsa
SEL EKSITABEL
Sel yg mampu menimbulkan /
menjalankan impuls elektrokimia
sepanjang membran plasmanya.
→ Sel saraf, sel otot, sel kelenjar
Biofisika Neuron 12
MEMBRAN PLASMA
STRUKTUR DAN KOMPOSISI MEMBRAN PLASMA
Lemak → dynamic mozaic design / lipid bilayer 42%
Protein 55%
Karbohidrat 3%
Biofisika Neuron 13
SIFAT
Elastis tipis, ketebalan 6-10nm
FUNGSI
Physical isolation
Regulation of exchange with the
environment --- nutrition, ion
Sensitivity --- receptor function
Structural support
JENIS
Impermeable
Semi permeable
Selective permeable
Biofisika Neuron 14
Biofisika Neuron 15
PROTEIN
Sebagian besar glicoprotein
Protein integral / protein perifer, fungsinya:
membatasi pergerakan membran plasma
sebagai channel
carrier system
enzyme
receptor
Biofisika Neuron 17
Biofisika Neuron 18
A Typical Neuron Overview
Dentrites
Cell Body
Axon
Terminal
Biofisika Neuron 19
Diverse Neuron Forms and Functions
Biofisika Neuron 20
Basic Concepts
Volt
Biofisika Neuron 21
Basic Concepts
Ions – charged particles
Biofisika Neuron 22
Basic Concepts
Forces that determine ionic
movement
Electrostatic forces
Opposite charges attract, Identical
charges repel
Concentration forces
Diffusion – movement of ions through
semipermeable membrane
Osmosis – movement of water from
region of high concentration to low
Hydrostatic Forces
Gravity forces upon osmosis
The combination of these forces leads to
dynamic equilibrium in the cellular
Biofisika Neuron 23
POTENSIAL MEMBRAN
Perbedaan muatan listrik di luar dan
di dalam membran sel
RMP
=Resting Membran Potential
=Potensial Membran Istirahat
Berbedaan muatan listrik di luar dan
di dalam membran sel dalam keadaan
tidak ada aktivitas elektris.
Biofisika Neuron 24
Biofisika Neuron 25
Apa penyebab Resting
Membrane Potential
mempunyai beda potensial
-70 mV ?
Biofisika Neuron 27
Besar RMP –70 mV
Artinya ?
Potensial elektriks di dalam membran sel
lebih negatif dibandingkan di luar
membran sel sebesar 70mV
Biofisika Neuron 28
eyeem.com/a
Biofisika Neuron 29
qsa
RANGSANGAN
Adekuat Tidak adekuat
Biofisika Neuron 30
Rangsangan
menyebabkan Natrium+
influx
Biofisika Neuron 31
Action Potential Sequence
Biofisika Neuron 33
ANIMASI ACTION POTENTIAL
Biofisika Neuron 34
Action
Potential
Sequence
Saluran K+ menutup,
terjadilah akumulasi
ion K+ di ekstrasel. Hal
ini menyebabkan
depolarisasi,
sedemikian rupa
sehingga terjadi
undershoot pada akhir
action potential
Equilibrium
membran
potential
dikembalikan
Biofisika Neuron 37
Action
Potential
Sequence
Biofisika Neuron 40
Refractory Period
Two types
Absolute
When Na+ channels close, at peak
of AP, they do not reopen for a time
Relative
Membrane hyperpolarized
Some Na+ channels still refractory
Biofisika Neuron 41
Propagation of the Action
Potential
Action Potential spreads down
the axon in a chain reaction
Unidirectional
it does not spread into the cell body
and dendrite due to absence of
voltage-gated channels there
Refraction prevents spread back
across axon
Biofisika Neuron 42
Propagation of the Action
Potential
Speed of propagation varies with
the axon diameter
Faster with larger axons
In large axons of mammals
5m/second 2um axons
20m/second in 20um axons
Biofisika Neuron 43
Propagation of the Action
Potential
Speed of propagation also
assisted by the myelin sheath
Provides resistance to AP
Regular gaps in the myelin
sheath (1mm intervals)
“Nodes of Ranvier”
Increase conduction speed up to 15
times
Biofisika Neuron 44
Biofisika Neuron 45
Biofisika Neuron 46
Biofisika Neuron 47
Biofisika Neuron 48
Terima Kasih
www.flickr.com/humanis