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UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, JAMAICA

COLLEGE/ FACULTY: Faculty of Engineering and Computing

SCHOOL/ DEPARTMENT: SOE/ Civil Engineering

Final Examination, Semester 2

Module Name: Environmental Engineering

Module Code: CVE 3007

Date: May 2012

Theory/ Practical: Theory

Groups: B.Eng. - 3Civil

Duration: 2Hours

Instructions:

1. ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS

2. EACH QUESTION MUST BEGIN ON A NEW PAGE

3. LEAVE TWO LINES BETWEEN PARTS OF A QUESTION

4. SHOW CLEARLY ALL EQUATIONS USED FOR CALCULATIONS

5. ANSWERS MUST llE NUMBERED IDENTICAL TO THE QUESTION BEING

ANSWERED

6. THE INTENDED MARK IS INDICATED AT THE BEGINNING OF EACH

QUESTION

DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO

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Question 1 (24 Madcs)

A well is 0.2 III in diameter and pumps from an unconfined aquifer 30 m deep at an equilibrium

(steady-state) rate of 1000 m3 per day. The observation wells are located at distances 50 m and

100 m, and they have been drawn down by 0.2 m and 0.3 m, respectively.

a.) What is the coefficient of permeability and the type of soil in the aquifer? 141

b.) Estimate the drawdown at the well? 141

c.) If this water is to be treated for drinking pllllJoses, what treatment steps would you take?

Explain the reasons for each step. 1161

Table 1 Typical Aqllifer Parameters

Coefficient of
Porosity Specific Yield Permeability
Aquifer Material (%) (%) (m/s)
Clay 55 3 1 x 10-6
Loom 35 5 5 x 10-6
Fine sand 45 10 3 x 10-5
Medium sand 37 25 1 x 10-4
Coarse sand 30 25 8 X 10-4

Sand and gravel 20 16 6 x 10-A

Gravel 25 22 6 x 10-3

Question 2 (26 Marks)

As a junior engineer you have been given the opportunity to work on a project team designing a

wastewater treatment plant. The plant will be treating domestic waste to the NRCA National

Sewage Effluent Standards. Given that an activated sludge unit must be employed as well as

considerations made for sludge treatment and ultimate disposal on-site:

a.) Sketch a block diagram including the other units (preliminary to tertiary and sludge

treatment) that will be attached to the activated sludge unit. 161

b.) Advance treatment for nutrients (Phosphate & Nitrate) is required. Due to economical

constraints a single unit is used to achieve this goal. Which unit is this and how does it

work? 181
c.) As mentioned above sludge treatment and disposal will also be done on-site. Still

considering economics, what method of sludge stabilization, dewatering and ultimate

disposal would you use? Briefly explain the operation of each. 1121

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Question 3 (22 Marks)

Atmospheric stability has been responsible for serious air pollution episodes in conjunction with

the constituents (air quality) of that air. A plant with stack emissions as shown ill Figure I

containing mainly PM25 and S02 has to be controlled based on the Clean Air Act.

Figure 1

a.) Name the four (4) general types of lapse rates and identify the one that is said to be

stable. 151
IJ.) What is the difference between smoke and mist? 141
c.) Sketch a labeled graph showing the lapse rates that would be prevailing for the plume to

look like that shown in Figure l , 131

d.) What control device can be installed to reduce the main pollutants and what is the theory

behind its operation for removing both pollutants? What are the disadvantages of this

control method? 1101

Question 4 (28 Marks)

An integrated solid waste management system incorporates four (4) components in a specific

hierarchy.

a.) List the four (4) components in order. 141

b.) What is the difference between reuse and recycle? [41

c.) Describe the operation ora MRF (Material Recovery Facility) to process Municipal Solid

Waste (Refuse) for the recycling orPETE and HDPE. [8[

d.) Compare the operations at a Dump to those at a Sanitary Landfill. [121

TOTAL MARKS = 100

END OF EXAM

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