Annotated Bibliography

Primary Sources

After a two-and-a-half year lawsuit, Shannon Faulkner is the first woman to become a cadet at

the Citadel, the Military College of South Carolina. She quits a week later. The Supreme

Court rules in 1996 that the Virginia Military Institute must open admissions to women.

Bloomberg Politics​, MaryAnn Busso,

www.bloomberg.com/politics/graphics/2015-hillary-womens-movement-timeline/.

Accessed 24 Jan. 2019. This is a picture of Shannon Faulkner as she is trying to get into

the citadel. We will use this in the documentary to introduce Faulkner.

Citadel​. www.citadel.edu/root/news-archives-fall95-nr95aug25. Accessed 5 Oct. 2018. This is a

statement from the infirmary staff of The Citadel when Shannon was there. Shannon was

in the infirmary for most of her time at The Citadel and was with the staff quite often.

This can be used as a counter-argument with Shannon and the staff to give a feeling that

Shannon did some wrong too.

The Citadel​. www.citadel.edu/root/info. Accessed 21 Nov. 2018. This is The Citadel's official

website and has a lot of information on the college. It includes the subjects they teach,

sports, and students. We can use this information when giving background info on The

Citadel.

The Citadel​. www.citadel.edu/root/news-archives-fall95-nr95aug25. This website is a primary

source. This is the head infirmary nurse at the citadel responding to Faulkner being at the

citadel and getting sick. This states that the citadel cared for her for the 2 weeks that she

was there and did anything she requested.

Citadel College.​ ​christianfighterpilot.com​, 19 Apr. 2016,

christianfighterpilot.com/2016/04/19/the-citadel-considers-hijab-in-uniform/. Accessed

15 Jan. 2019. This source is an image of The Citadel. During our documentary, we will

be giving background information on The Citadel and need an image of the school

grounds to go with the information. This photo is at a good angle and holds most of the

front of The Citadel in it.

Citadel.edu​. The Citadel, www.citadel.edu/root/images/ir/enroll_profiles/spring_18_profile.pdf.

Accessed 2 Nov. 2018. This is a document of The Citadel's enrollment gender

percentages and the application percentages. We will be comparing this to earlier

numbers of women enrollment to see how much it has changed over time. We can use

this information to show how Shannon has affected women at The Citadel.

Faulkner's fight opened doors for women at The Citadel.​ 4 Nov. 2015. ​the state​, SARAH ELLIS,

4 Nov. 2015, www.thestate.com/news/special-reports/state-125/article42942822.html.

Accessed 18 Jan. 2019. This is an image of Shannon Faulkner training with other

freshmen cadets. This is a primary source. I will use this in my documentary to show

Faulkner while she was in the citadel.

First female cadet leader at Citadel.​ KTVQ News Station, 2018.

In August 1995, Shannon Faulkner spoke to the press outside The Citadel dispensary to tell them

she had resigned from the Corps of Cadets. ​Post and Courier​,

www.postandcourier.com/archives/where-is-shannon-now/article_0d2b52b1-86c6-5165-

9168-bd6bea0dbd4b.html. This is an image of Shannon Faulkner leaving The Citadel.

This has Shannon having to shout to be heard in the thunderstorm that was occuring
 during the day she left. this image shows how intense the scene was and it can be used to

help us talk about the scene and give it more of a lasting impact.

In 1995, Shannon Faulkner admitted to The Citadel.​ ​Greenville News​, Judith Bainbridge,

Columnist, 27 Sept. 2017,

www.greenvilleonline.com/story/news/local/greenville-roots/2017/09/27/shannon-faulkn

er-the-citadel/710620001/. Accessed 18 Jan. 2019. This is a picture of men from the

citadel happy and leaping of joy about Faulkner leaving on the head page of a newspaper.

I will use this in my document

LAtimes.​ 19 Aug. 1995, articles.latimes.com/1995-08-19/news/mn-36710_1_shannon-faulkner.

Accessed 12 Oct. 2018. This article shows an in-depth look of how Shannon felt about

her experiences in the Citadel and how they affected her look at what had happened. It

also includes quotes from Shannon and her lawyer. We can use this in the information

building part of the project.

"Life After the Citadel: Shannon Faulkner Reflects on Her Historic Battle with the Elite Military

College." ​abc​, 8 Dec. 2009,

abcnews.go.com/GMA/shannon-faulkner-reflects-citadel/story?id=9272864. Accessed 18

Jan. 2019. This is a primary source of Faulkner a while after she got into the citadel. It is

a video clip of an interview of Faulkner saying what she did at the citadel. I will use this

in my documentary.

"Life After the Citadel: Shannon Faulkner Reflects on Her Historic Battle with the Elite Military

College." ​abcNews​, 8 Dec. 2009,

abcnews.go.com/GMA/shannon-faulkner-reflects-citadel/story?id=9272864. Accessed 9
 Nov. 2018. This article is an interview with Shannon Faulkner. It has her talking about

her experiences at The Citadel and it comes straight from her. This being said we can this

use this with the tragedy portion of our project.

LODGE, SALLY. "In the Company of Men." ​Publishers Weekly,​ vol. 248, no. 43, 22 Oct. 2001,

p. 25. ​Biography In Context,​

link.galegroup.com.scsl.idm.oclc.org/apps/doc/A80089385/BIC?u=scschools&sid=BIC&

xid=3db9ea6b. Accessed 26 Oct. 2018. This is a primary Source. It is from a magazine

article that quotes Nancy Mace which is a female that has graduated the citadel. I will use

this to show how she marked the history of the citadel.

Nancy mace pushes back after Shannon Faulkner claims to be the citadel grad:She Doesn't wear

The Ring​. Caitlin Byrd, 5 Mar. 2018,

www.postandcourier.com/politics/nancy-mace-pushes-back-after-shannon-faulkner-clai

ms-to-be/article_5f9196a8-2093-11e8-8172-c3d50811c29c.html. Accessed 1 Nov. 2018.

This is a primary source. It is a picture of Nancy Mace. We will use this in our

documenter while we are stating how Faulkner helped Mace get into the citadel.

Nancy Ruth Mace and Cadet Petra Lovetinska.​ Image file, 8 May 1999. This primary source of

Nancy Mace and Cadet Petra Lovetinska while Mace was graduating. This source was in

a book about Mace graduating an all-male school. I will use this in documentary.

"Shannon Faulkner speaks of The Citadel and supporter Pat Conroy." ​Post and Courier,​ 3 Mar.

2018, www.youtube.com/watch?v=JvhRpkxs364. Accessed 11 Jan. 2019. This Source is

a Video. It will give more insight into the time Shannon came back to The Citadel to
 celebrate her friend Pat Conroy. We can aslo insert some of the clip into our

documentary.

"Shannon Faulkner." ​Gale Biography in Context​, Gale, 2010. ​Biography In Context,​

http://link.galegroup.com.scsl.idm.oclc.org/apps/doc/PC4295805226/BIC?u=scschools&

sid=BIC&xid=eaa4dd9d. Accessed 5 Oct. 2018. This is a primary source. This an Image

od Shannon Faulkner as she is training in this image you can tell that Shannon is in pain.

We will use this in our documentary.

Shannon faulkner​. ​The Columbus Dispatch,​ 18 Aug. 2015,

www.dispatch.com/content/stories/life_and_entertainment/2015/08/18/1-2-almanac0818-

aug-art-gfo12s2d8-1.html. Accessed 24 Jan. 2019. This is a Picture of Faulkner working

with other men at the citadel. We could use this to show how hard she work, but she still

could not make iy. We would use this picture in the documentary in the part of her

getting in.

Shannon Faulkner at The Citadel.​ ​AJC,​

www.ajc.com/lifestyles/shannon-faulkner-short-stay-the-citadel-had-lasting-impact/zBdT

CIgqhTvDGKY8NMcE7I/. This is a photo of Shannon Faulkner at The Citadel. It can be

used when we are talking about her first few days there in our project. We will insert it

into the project so it lines up with the script.

Shannon Faulkner(cover story).​ 26 Dec. 1994,

law.justia.com/cases/federal/district-courts/FSupp/858/552/2254037/. Accessed 19 Oct.

2018. This is a website about the court case that Shannon had to go through to get in the
 citadel. I will use this primary source in my essay to quote what she had to go through in

the citadel.

Shannon Faulkner (left) and Robert Black enter Federal Court in 1994 for the case against The

Citadel. ​Post and Courier,​

bloximages.newyork1.vip.townnews.com/postandcourier.com/content/tncms/assets/v3/ed

itorial/0/f6/0f630f71-4ba6-52b0-b62e-328f80c3d83d/580151d2962d5.image.jpg?resize=

750%2C597. This is an image of Shannon and her lawyer walking to the courthouse for

her case. We will be talking about the case in the documentary to give some insight on

what she had to do to get into The Citadel. We will insert this image at that part of the

documentary to give more background info.

Shannon Faulkner says, ‘I do consider myself a Citadel alumni’ during her historic return.​

Deanna Pan, 3 Mar. 2028,

www.postandcourier.com/news/shannon-faulkner-says-i-do-consider-myself-a-citadel-al

umni/article_2a51c556-1e47-11e8-beea-4f0b27568b0c.html. Accessed 5 Oct. 2018. This

is a primary source, of Faulkner talking about her time at the citadel. I will use this in my

essay and documentary to show that the school was all male for 152 years. Also, I will

quote Faulkner in my essay using this website

She Quits, Shannon Faulkner​. 3 Mar. 2018. ​Post and Courier​,

bloximages.newyork1.vip.townnews.com/postandcourier.com/content/tncms/assets/v3/ed

itorial/9/dd/9dd409be-1f44-11e8-9ef4-67f36add7017/5a9b407418ee1.image.jpg?resize=

1200%2C956. This is an image of Shannon Faulkner when she revisited The Citadel in
 2018. We will show this when we talk about the event in our documentary. It can give the

listener more to visualize with the information being said in the documentary.

"Supreme Court Decides Not to Block First Woman Cadet at Citadel." ​Gender Issues and

Sexuality: Essential Primary Sources​, edited by K. Lee Lerner et al., Detroit, Gale, 2006,

pp. 310-12. ​Biography In Context,​

link.galegroup.com.scsl.idm.oclc.org/apps/doc/CX2587400131/BIC?u=scschools&sid=B

IC&xid=97006fb8. Accessed 26 Oct. 2018. This source is primary and it is from a book.

I will use a picture of women at the citadel from this source. I will also use this in my

essay to show how she was treated.

Where Are They Now?​ OWN. This is a video of Shannon when she went on the Oprah show to

talk about her experience at The Citadel. It can give us a little more information from

Shannon herself about harassment towards her. We can also include some of the clip in

our documentary.

"Woman Cadet Graduates at the Citadel, a First." ​New York Times,​ 9 May 1999,

www.nytimes.com/1999/05/09/us/woman-cadet-graduates-at-the-citadel-a-first.html.

Accessed 11 Oct. 2018. Primary Source about the admission of women at the citadel. It is

from a Newspaper and I will use this in my essay showing the impact Faulkner made. I

will also quote that 42 women after Faulkner got in

WYFF.​ 7 Mar. 2016. ​Michael Cogdill​,

www.wyff4.com/article/shannon-faulkner-remembers-pat-conroy/7020585. Accessed 18

Jan. 2019. This is a news article that states Faulkner thanking Pat Conroy. It is a primary
 interview of Faulkner. I will use this in a documentary showing who or what inspired her

to go to the citadel.

Secondary Sources

“Shannon Faulkner. (Cover Story).” ​People​, vol. 42, no. 26, Dec. 1994, p. 58. ​EBSCOhost,​

search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=f5h&AN=9501067636&site=eds-live

This source article is a secondary source. The article is to get the exact age of Faulkner's

when she got into the citadel. Also, to see her and Pat Conroy's relationship.

"1st woman to graduate from Citadel one step closer to SC House seat." ​TheState,​

www.thestate.com/news/politics-government/article187020928.html. This article is about

Nancy Mace. Nancy Mace is one of the women that graduated from The Citadel and we

will include her in the documentary. The article can be used to show how Shannon

opened up women to The Citadel and show how they did even more things after

graduating.

Case Study 1: Shannon Faulkner and the Citadel​.

cyber.harvard.edu/vaw00/Faulkner.html. Accessed 5 Oct. 2018. This is a secondary

source. This Article details some of the horrible things that the men did to Faulkner. It

also states some of the interviews that she was in.

"Citadel’s First Woman Quits Future Leaders Of South Whoop In Glee, But Only The Cadets

Think Fight Is Over." ​The Spokesman-Review,​

www.spokesman.com/stories/1995/aug/19/citadels-first-woman-quits-future-leaders-of/.
 Accessed 26 Oct. 2018. This Article is about Shannon Leaving The Citadel. It includes

different perspectives of people on what happened. We can include this in the Tragedy

portion of the project.

"Citadel, Bowing To Court, Says it will Admit Women." ​The New York Times,​

www.nytimes.com/1996/06/29/us/citadel-bowing-to-court-says-it-will-admit-women.htm

l. Accessed 2 Nov. 2018. This is an article on how women are being allowed into The

Citadel. It has multiple examples of women and talks about the court case. This can be

used in the Triumph portion of the project.

"Citadel picks first woman to command entire student corps." ​Stars and Stripes,​

www.stripes.com/news/citadel-picks-first-woman-to-command-entire-student-corps-1.51

8057. Accessed 26 Oct. 2018. This is an article about a woman who is going to be

leading cadets. This information ties in with our point about how Shannon has helped

women at The Citadel. This will help with the portion about how Shannon made history.

"Citadel Relents on Shaving Head of the First Woman in Its Corps." ​The New York Times,​ 3 June

1995. ​Biography In Context,​

link.galegroup.com.scsl.idm.oclc.org/apps/doc/A155424294/BIC?u=scschools&sid=BIC

&xid=8c385ee4. Accessed 26 Oct. 2018. This is a newspaper and is a secondary source.

It states about some of the things she had to do to get into the citadel. It also quotes the

things that her lawyer quoted.

"Citadel's 1st female dropout 'miserable.'" ​SFGate​,

www.sfgate.com/news/article/Citadel-s-1st-female-dropout-miserable-3133711.php.
 Accessed 26 Oct. 2018. This Article is about Shannon's experience in leaving The

Citadel. The article has a lot of evidence that can be used to show how hard it was. We

can use it in the Tragedy portion of the project.

"THE CITADEL'S LONE WOLF; SHANNON FAULKNER." ​The New York Times,​ 11 Sept.

1994. ​Catherine S. Manegold​,

www.nytimes.com/1994/09/11/magazine/the-citadel-s-lone-wolf-shannon-faulkner.html.

Accessed 25 Oct. 2018. This is a secondary source. This newspaper about Shannon

Faulkner before she applied to the citadel. It states how she was a normal high school

girl.

"THE CITADEL'S LONE WOLF; SHANNON FAULKNER." ​NYTimes,​ New York Times

Magazine, s1.nyt.com/timesmachine/pages/1/1994/09/11/134694_360W.png. Accessed

14 Nov. 2018. This is an image of a newspaper title about Shannon. We will be quoting

from this article to give more information to help the listener understand peoples outlooks

on Shannon. We can insert the image when we talk about the article itself.

Faulkner’s fight opened doors for women at The Citadel​. 24 Nov. 2015,

www.thestate.com/news/special-reports/state-125/article42942822.html. Accessed 5 Oct.

2018. This a primary source. This picture of Faulkner at the citadel. She was walking

with the other boys, we will use this to put in our documentary to show the watcher what

she looked like at the time.

Fox News.​ 4 Mar. 2018,

www.foxnews.com/us/1st-woman-to-enter-the-citadel-talks-about-brief-time-there.

Accessed 5 Oct. 2018. This article shows how Faulkner had to go through a lot to get into
 The Citadel. It also talks about how she did she was still verbally abused after she got in.

We can use this for the Tragedy portion of the project.

In Glory's Shadow: Shannon Faulkner, the Citadel, and a Changing America​. E-book, Catherine

S. Manegold, 2000. This book is rich with information on the Citadel and Shannon

Faulkner. It explains the story very well and is full of quotes as well as opinions of other

people on Shannon Faulkner. It also includes images of Shannon's childhood and her at

The Citadel.

In 1995, Shannon Faulkner admitted to The Citadel.​ 27 Sept. 2017,

www.greenvilleonline.com/story/news/local/greenville-roots/2017/09/27/shannon-faulkn

er-the-citadel/710620001/. Accessed 5 Oct. 2018. This is a secondary source, I will use to

show that 10 percent of the citadel are women. I used this website in both my essay and

documentary not only how she impacted the citadel but also how the men treated her.

Larson, Gerry. "In the Company of Men: A Woman at the Citadel. (Nonfiction)." ​School Library

Journal,​ vol. 47, no. 12, Dec. 2001, p. 166+. ​Biography In Context,​

link.galegroup.com.scsl.idm.oclc.org/apps/doc/A81162783/BIC?u=scschools&sid=BIC&

xid=1a5341a5. Accessed 1 Nov. 2018. This is a secondary source of some of the women

that have graduated from the citadel. It is a magazine article is about Faulkner's

depression and about how women at the citadel thank her. I will use this in my essay to

state how women thank Faulkner.

Life After the Citadel: Shannon Faulkner Reflects on Her Historic Battle with the Elite Military

College.​ 8 Dec. 2009. ​abc News​,

abcnews.go.com/GMA/shannon-faulkner-reflects-citadel/story?id=9272864. Accessed 12
 Oct. 2018. This a secondary source newspaper about Faulkner after the citadel. This

shows Faulkner

myAJC.​

www.myajc.com/lifestyles/shannon-faulkner-short-stay-the-citadel-had-lasting-impact/z

BdTCIgqhTvDGKY8NMcE7I/. This article has a lot of information about Shannon that

ties with tragedy and triumph. We can use this article to find more sources as it includes

about 5 in itself. We can use to sources to branch off and find out what portions of the

project they belong in.

The New York Times.​ 3 June 1995,

www.nytimes.com/1995/06/03/us/citadel-relents-on-shaving-head-of-the-first-woman-in-

its-corps.html. Accessed 11 Feb. 2019. We will use this in our essay and our

documentary. We will use this to state what Faulkner's lawyer Val Vojdik said about her

being in the infirmary. This also has facts about her court case and her leaving the citadel.

Pan, Deanna. "Shannon Faulkner says, ‘I do consider myself a Citadel alumni’ during her

historic return." ​Post and Courier,​ 3 Mar. 2018,

ttps://www.postandcourier.com/news/shannon-faulkner-says-i-do-consider-myself-a-cita

del-alumni/article_2a51c556-1e47-11e8-beea-4f0b27568b0c.html. Accessed 5 Oct. 2018.

This article is about when Shannon came back to The Citadel in 2018 for an event

celebrating Pat Conroy. We have images and even a video clip to go with this

information. We will include this in the portion of our project when we talk about how

Shannon made history.

The Seattle Times.​ 23 Aug. 1995,

community.seattletimes.nwsource.com/archive/?date=19950823&slug=2137710.

Accessed 5 Oct. 2018. This article is about the day when Shannon left The Citadel. It also

talks about how the male cadets cheered while she left. This will be used in the tragedy

because of how hard it was on Shannon.

"Storming The Citadel." ​People​, people.com/archive/storming-the-citadel-vol-41-no-3/.

Accessed 26 Oct. 2018. This article is about what happened when Shannon applied. It

also talks about what she did next once she was rejected. We can use this in the

background info section of the project.

Traditional Masculinity and Femininity: Validation of a New Scale Assessing Gender Roles​. 5

July 2016, www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4932111/. Accessed 9 Nov. 2018.

This a secondary source, of a website about gender stereotypes and about how Faulkner

was mistreated. I will use this in my essay to show how bad she was treated before and

after the citadel.

"Zorn to make history as Citadel’s first woman regimental commander." ​Today.Citadel,​ The

Citadel,

today.citadel.edu/zorn-to-make-history-as-citadels-first-woman-regimental-commander/.

Accessed 2 Nov. 2018. This article is about Zorn who is one of the women we chose to

show how Shannon helped women at the Citadel. It will give insight on how much

women have been able to accomplish at The Citadel over the Years. This will be used in

the section that talks about how Shannon made history.