SLAB PANEL LAYOUT

SLAB DEPTH
ES EN 1992:2014, the new Ethiopian code proposes the following equations to calculate depth
that would be adequate to prevent deflection problems.

[ ) ] if ρ ≤ ρ EQUATION 7.16 a
3
ρ ρ
l
d ρ ρ (
=k 11+1.5 √ f ck o +3.2 o −1 2
o

[ ( )]
1
l ρ 1 ρ'
=k 11+1.5 √ f ck o ' + √ f ck 2
if ρ> ρo EQUATION 7.16 b
d ρ− ρ 12 ρO

Where:

ρo =
√ f ck and k depends on the span type. The different values of k are shown in the table
1000
below.

Page 1 of 19
Span type K value
Simply supported 1
End span 1.3
Interior span 1.5
Flat slab 1.2
cantilever 0.4
Table: k value
For end span with 4.5m.
slabs are classified as lightly stressed concrete structures. The code assumes the value of ρ for
this case to be 0.5%.
For C20/25 concrete class

ρo =
√ f ck = √ 20 ∗100 =0.447
1000 1000
For S3[End span]
K=1.3
And ρ=0.5% is greater than ρo=0.447%
ρ'=0 since slabs are seldom reinforced doubly

[ ( )] [ ( ) ]=23.02
1
ρ' 1
l ρ 1 0.5 1 0
=k 11+1.5 √ f ck o ' + √ f ck 2
=1.3 11+1.5 √ 20 + 2
d ρ− ρ 12 ρO 0.5−0 12 1.5

Since S400 Steel is used adjustment for steel grade should be made.
l 23.02∗500
= =28.77
d 400
Since the lx for S3 is 4.0 m or 4000 mm
4000
=28.77
d
d=139.0055 mm
∅l 20
D=d+ cover +∅ s+ =139.0055+25+8+ =182.0055 mm
2 2
Take D=190 mm
For S2 and S4[Interior span]
K=1.5
And ρ=0.5% is greater than ρo=0.447%

Page 2 of 19
ρ'=0 since slabs are seldom reinforced doubly

[ ( )] [ ( ) ]=26.56
1
ρ' 1
l ρ 1 0.5 1 0
=k 11+1.5 √ f ck o ' + √ f ck 2
=1.5 11+1.5 √ 20 + 2
d ρ− ρ 12 ρO 0.5−0 12 1.5

Since S400 Steel is used adjustment for steel grade should be made.
l 26.56∗500
= =33.202
d 400
Since the lx for S3 is 3.0 m or 3000 mm
4000
=33.202
d
d=120.47 mm
∅l 20
D=d+ cover +∅ s+ =120.47+25+8+ =163.47 mm
2 2
Take D=170 mm
For S1[Cantilever]
K=0.4
And ρ=0.5% is greater than ρo=0.447%
ρ'=0 since slabs are seldom reinforced doubly

[ ( )] [ ( ) ]=7.083
' 1 1
l ρo 1 ρ 0.5 1 0
=k 11+1.5 √ f ck '
+ √ f ck 2
=0.4 11+1.5 √20 + 2
d ρ− ρ 12 ρO 0.5−0 12 1.5

Since S400 Steel is used adjustment for steel grade should be made.
l 7.083∗500
= =8.85
d 400
Since the lx for S3 is 1.0 m or 1000 mm
1000
=8.85
d
d=112.94 mm
∅l 20
D=d+ cover +∅ s+ =112.94+ 25+8+ =155.94 mm
2 2
Take D=160 mm
End span governs, i.e., D=180 mm.

Page 3 of 19
Load calculation
Dead load calculation
Dead Load (Gk)
Material Thicknes Unit Weight Load (KN/m2)
s
Floor Finish 0.02 27 0.54
Cement screed 0.03 23 0.69
RCC Slab 0.18 25 3.75
Plastering 0.03 23 0.69
Partition - 1.5
Gk 7.92 KN/m2
Live load

q k =1.6 KN /m2

Design Load
2
pd =1.35∗Gk +1.5 Qk =1.35∗7.92+1.5∗1.6=13.092 KN /m

Analysis of floor slab

Analysis Strip direction and names

Page 4 of 19
Strip 1 Analysis and Design

Strip 1 Load Transfer to beam:

Dead Load Transfer
0.18
w1 7.92 L1 4 K1 75
0.33
w2 7.92 L2 3 K2 33
0.18
w3 7.92 L3 4 K3 75
Joint A B C D
memb
er AB BA BC CB CD DC
DF 1 0.36 0.64 0.64 0.36 1
FEM 0 - 5.94 -5.94 15.8 0

Page 5 of 19
 15.8
4 4
BAL 9.9 -9.9
-
3.56 6.33 3.56
4 6 -6.336 4
-
3.16
DIST 8 3.168
-
3.16 3.16
8 8
-
1.14 2.02 1.14
BAL 05 75 -2.0275 05
-
1.01
DIST 38 1.0138
-
0.36 0.64 0.36
BAL 5 88 -0.6488 5
-
0.32
DIST 44 0.3244
-
0.11 0.20 0.11
BAL 68 76 -0.2076 68
-
0.10
DIST 38 0.1038
-
0.03 0.06 0.03
BAL 74 64 -0.0664 74
-
10.6 10.6 10.6
sum 0 16 16 -10.616 16 0
Shear Maximum
s Moment
Span END i END j span xmax Mmax
13.1 18.4 1.66
AB 86 94 AB 49 10.977
11.8 11.8
BC 8 8 BC 1.5 -1.7064
18.4 13.1 2.33
CD 94 86 CD 51 10.977

Live load transfer

Page 6 of 19
 0.18
w1 1.6 L1 4 K1 75
0.33
w2 1.6 L2 3 K2 33
0.18
w3 1.6 L3 4 K3 75
Joint A B C D
memb
er AB BA BC CB CD DC
DF 1 0.36 0.64 0.64 0.36 1
FEM 0 -3.2 1.2 -1.2 3.2 0
BAL 2 -2
0.72 1.28 -1.28 -0.72
DIST -0.64 0.64
0.64 -0.64
-
0.23 0.40 0.23
BAL 04 96 -0.4096 04
-
0.20
DIST 48 0.2048
-
0.07 0.13 0.07
BAL 37 11 -0.1311 37
-
0.06
DIST 55 0.0655
-
0.02 0.04 0.02
BAL 36 19 -0.0419 36
-
0.02
DIST 1 0.021
-
0.00 0.01 0.00
BAL 75 34 -0.0134 75
-
2.14 2.14 2.14
sum 0 47 47 -2.1447 47 0
Shear Maximum
s Moment
xma
Span END i END j span x Mmax
2.66 3.73 1.66 2.217
AB 38 62 AB 49 5
-
0.344
BC 2.4 2.4 BC 1.5 7

Page 7 of 19
 3.73 2.66 2.33 2.217
CD 62 38 CD 51 5

Rib 1 analysis for design moment

13.0 0.18
w1 92 L1 4 K1 75
13.0 0.33
w2 92 L2 3 K2 33
13.0 0.18
w3 92 L3 4 K3 75

Joint A B C D
memb
er AB BA BC CB CD DC
DF 1 0.36 0.64 0.64 0.36 1
-
26.1 9.81 26.1
FEM 0 84 9 -9.819 84 0
-
16.3 16.3
BAL 65 65
-
5.89 10.4 5.89
14 74 -10.474 14
-
5.23
DIST 68 5.2368
-
5.23 5.23
68 68
-
1.88 3.35 1.88
BAL 52 16 -3.3516 52
-
1.67
DIST 58 1.6758
-
0.60 1.07 0.60
BAL 33 25 -1.0725 33
DIST - 0.5362

Page 8 of 19
 0.53
62
-
0.19 0.34 0.19
BAL 3 32 -0.3432 3
-
0.17
DIST 16 0.1716
-
0.06 0.10 0.06
BAL 18 98 -0.1098 18
-
17.5 17.5 17.5
sum 0 49 49 -17.549 49 0
Shear Maximum
s Moment
Span END i END j span xmax Mmax
21.7 30.5 1.66
AB 97 71 AB 49 18.145
19.6 19.6 -
BC 38 38 BC 1.5 2.8207
30.5 21.7 2.33
CD 71 97 CD 51 18.145

Slab Design (strip 1)

For support moment:
M sd=17.549 KN −m

b=1000 mm
d=D-cover-Φ/2=180-25-12/2=149 mm
M sd 17.549∗10 6
μsd = 2
= =0.069
f cd b d 11.33∗1000∗149 2

K z =0.5 ( 1+ √ 1−2 μsd ) =0.5∗( 1+ √ 1−2∗0.069 )=0.96

z=K z d=0.96∗149=143.66 mm

Msd 17.549∗106
As= = =351.19 mm2
z f yd 143.66∗347.83

Page 9 of 19
Using diameter 12 bars:

a s=0.25 π ϕ2=0.25∗π∗122=113 m m2
as 113
ϕ= b= ∗1000=322.04 mm
As 351.19

Check maximum spacing:

S max ≤ {3 h=3∗180=540
400 mm
mm
Take Smax=400 mm.
Provide Φ12 c/c 400 mm.
For span moment:
M sd=18.14 KN −m

b=1000 mm
d=D-cover-Φ/2=180-25-12/2=149 mm
M sd 18.14∗106
μsd = 2
= =0.072
f cd b d 11.33∗1000∗149 2

K z =0.5 ( 1+ √ 1−2 μsd ) =0.5∗( 1+ √ 1−2∗0.072 )=0.962

z=K z d=0.962∗149=143.43 mm

Msd 18.14∗10 6
As= = =223.35 mm2
z f yd 143.43∗347.83

Using diameter 12 bars:

a s=0.25 π ϕ2=0.25∗π∗122=113 m m2
as 113
ϕ= b= ∗1000=505.93 mm
As 223.35

Check maximum spacing:

S max ≤ {3 h=3∗180=540
400 mm
mm
Take Smax=400 mm.
Provide Φ12 c/c 400 mm.
Analysis of strip 2

Page 10 of 19
Load transfer to beam
Dead load transfer
spa leng support
n th load reactions
7.9 10.
Ab 3 2 Rby 56
7.9 21.
BC 1 2 Rcy 12

Shears
Spa End End
n I J Xmax Mmax
10.5 10.
Ab 6 56
7.9 1.33
BC 13.2 2 3 8.8
Live load transfer
suppor
t
spa leng reactio
n th load ns
2.13
Ab 3 1.6 Rby 3
4.26
BC 1 1.6 Rcy 7

shears
spa End End Xma Mma
n I J x x
2.13 2.13
Ab 3 3
2.66 1.33 1.77
BC 7 1.6 3 8

Design moment calculation

Spa Leng Loa Support
n th d reactions
13.0 17.
Ab 3 9 Rby 46
BC 1 13.0 Rcy 34.

Page 11 of 19
 9 91

shears
spa End
n End I J Xmax Mmax
17.4 17.4
Ab 6 6
21.8 13.0 1.33 14.5
BC 2 9 3 5

BMD
10.00
6.55
6.55
5.00

0.00 0.00 0.00

0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5

-5.00

-10.00

-15.00
-14.55
-20.00

Slab Design (strip 2)

For support moment:
M sd=6.55 KN −m

b=1000 mm
d=D-cover-Φ/2=180-25-12/2=149 mm
M sd 6.55∗10
6
μsd = 2
= 2
=0.026
f cd b d 11.33∗1000∗149

K z =0.5 ( 1+ √ 1−2 μsd ) =0.5∗( 1+ √ 1−2∗0.026 )=0.986

z=K z d=0.986∗149=146.914 mm

Msd 6.55∗10 6
As= = =128.177 m m2
z f yd 146.914∗347.83

Using diameter 12 bars:

Page 12 of 19
 2 2 2
a s=0.25 π ϕ =0.25∗π∗12 =113 m m
as 113
ϕ= b= ∗1000=881.59 mm
As 128.177

Check maximum spacing:

S max ≤ {3 h=3∗180=540
400 mm
mm
Take Smax=400 mm.
Provide Φ12 c/c 400 mm.
For span moment:
M sd=14.155 KN −m

b=1000 mm
d=D-cover-Φ/2=180-25-12/2=149 mm
M sd 14.155∗10 6
μsd = 2
= =0.056
f cd b d 11.33∗1000∗149 2

K z =0.5 ( 1+ √ 1−2 μsd ) =0.5∗( 1+ √ 1−2∗0.056 )=0.971

z=K z d=0.971∗149=144.68 mm

Msd 14.155∗106
As= = =281.277 mm2
z f yd 144.68∗347.83

Using diameter 12 bars:

a s=0.25 π ϕ2=0.25∗π∗122=113 m m2
as 113
ϕ= b= ∗1000=401.73 mm
As 281.277

Check maximum spacing:

S max ≤ {3 h=3∗180=540
400 mm
mm
Take Smax=400 mm.
Provide Φ12 c/c 400 mm.

Page 13 of 19
Design of Beam between S3 and S4
Dead load reaction from strip 1 load transfer
Gk =30.374 KN / m

live load reaction from strip 1 load transfer

Qk =6.14 KN / m

Beam depth from deflection control:

Le=10 m
K=1.3 [ since beam is end span]
And ρ=1.5% is greater than ρo=0.447%

[ ( )] [ ( ) ]=23.02
1
ρ' 1
l ρ 1 1.5 1 0
=k 11+1.5 √ f ck o ' + √ f ck 2
=1.3 11+1.5 √ 20 + 2
d ρ− ρ 12 ρO 1.5−0 12 1.5

Since S400 Steel is used adjustment for steel grade should be made.
l 23.02∗500
= =28.77
d 400
Since the lx for S3 is 10.0 m or 10,000 mm
10000
=28.77
d
d=347.58 mm
∅l 20
D=d+ cover +∅ s+ =347.58+25+8+ =390.58 mm
2 2
Take D=400 mm
Assume beam width b=300 mm
self-weight of beam: 25*0.4*0.3=3KN/m
design load on beam: Pd =1.35∗( 30.374 +3 ) +1.5∗6.14=54.26 KN /m

since the beam is simply supported the maximum design moment would be:
2
P l 54.26∗102
M max= d = =678.25 KN −m
8 8
54.26∗10
V max = =271.3 KN
2

Page 14 of 19
Beam design for flexure
∅l 20
d=D−cover−∅ s− =400−25−8− =357 mm
2 2
M sd 678.25∗106
μsd = = =0.8869>0.2 1∧way exagurated
f c k b d 2 20∗300∗357 2

The beam should be designed as doubly reinforced section.

d 357
z=
2
[ 1+ √ 1−3.53 k ' ]=
2
[ 1+ √ 1−3.53∗0.21 ]=91.78 mm

x−d 2
f sc =700[ ]≤ f yd
x
d−z 357−91.78
Where x= = =663.05>400 the section can’t carry this much stress, revise
0.4 0.4
depth.

d=
√ M sd
f ck b k
'
=
√
678.25∗106
20∗300∗0.21
=733.685 mm

∅l 20
D=d+ cover +∅ s + =733.685+25+8+ =776.685 mm
2 2
Take D=780 mm.
Revise beam weight: 25*0.78*0.3=5.85 KN/m
design load on beam: Pd =1.35∗( 30.374 +5.85 ) +1.5∗6.14=58.11 KN /m

Pd l 2 58.11∗102
M max= = =726.41 KN −m
8 8
58.11∗10
V max = =285.55 KN
2
∅l 20
d=D−cover−∅ s− =780−25−8− =737 mm
2 2
M sd 726.41∗10
6
μsd = 2
= 2
=0.222>0.21 design section as doubly reinforced
f ck b d 20∗300∗737
d 737
z=
2
[ 1+ √ 1−3.53 k ]=
'
2
[ 1+ √ 1−3.53∗0.21 ] =555.93 mm

Page 15 of 19
 x−d 2
f sc =700[ ]≤ f yd
x
d−z 737−555.93
Where x= = =452.67
0.4 0.4
∅l 20
d 2=cover +∅ s + =25+8+ =43 mm
2 2

f sc =700
[ 452.67−43
452.67 ]
=633.505 ≤ f yd=347.83 take f sc =347.83 Mpa

( k−k ' ) f ck b d 2 ( 0.222−0.21 )∗20∗300∗7372

A s 2 [compression]= = =162.0097 m m2
f sc (d −d 2) 347.83 (737−43)

k ' f ck b d2 f 0.21∗20∗300∗737 2 162.0097∗347.83

A s [ tension ] = + A s 2 sc = + =3701.318 m m2
f yd Z f yd 347.83∗555.93 347.83

Using diameter 14 for compression bar:

162.0097
¿ of bars ( compression )= =1.05 ≈ 2 ∅ 14
154
Using diameter 20 for tension bar:
3701.318
¿ of bars ( tension )= =11.78 ≈ 12 ∅ 20
314
Beam design for shear
Design for shear
The Design shear force for the case of ribbed slab is taken to be the shear at the center line of the
support. the steps to design sections for shear is:
1. Check if Ved<Vrd,max
2. Check if Ved< Vrd,c
3. If Ved<Vrd,c provide nominal shear reinforcement
4. If Ved> Vrd,c provide designed shear reinforcement
1. Check Ved<Vrd,max
Ved is the shear at d distance from column face:
Assuming 400 mm column:
V max L 0.4
V ed =
L
∗ −
2 ( ( )
2
−0.737 =
285.55
5 )
∗( 5−0.2−0.737 )=232.03 KN
2

 Start with θ=22⁰

Page 16 of 19
 α cw b w z v 1 f cd
V rd ,max =
cot (θ ) +tan ⁡( θ)

v 1=v=0.6 1− [ f ck
250 ] [
=0.6 1−
20
250
=0.552 ]
z=0.9 d=0.9∗737=663.3 mm
α cw =1

cot ( 22 )=2.47 ≈ 2.5 and tan ( 22 )=0.404 ≈ 0.4

α cw b w z v 1 f cd 1∗300∗663.3∗0.552∗11.33 −3
V rd ,max = = ∗10 =429.14 KN
cot (θ ) +tan ⁡( θ) 2.5+ 0.4

Design shear force, the maximum shear from case I of rib 1 analysis, is 22.68 KN
V rd ,max (429.14)>V ed (232.03 KN ) depth is OK!

2. check Ved<Vrd,c

[ ]
1
V rd ,c = C rd ,c k ( 100 ρ1 f ck ) 3 bw d

0.18 0.18
Crd , c = = =0.12
γc 1.5

k =1+
√ 200
d
≤2

k =1+
√ 200
737
=1.52 ≤2 ok !

A s [tension] ( 3701.318 )
ρ1= = =0.016
bd 300∗737

[ ]
1
V rd ,c = 0.12∗1.52∗( 100∗0.016∗20 ) 300∗737∗10−3 KN=128.03 KN
3

And the minimum Vrd,c

V rd ,c =(v min )b w d
3 1
v min =0.035 k 2 f ck2

k =1+
√ 200
737
=1.52 ≤2 ok !

3 1 3 1
2 2 2 2
v min =0.035 k f =0.035∗( 1. 52 ) ∗( 2 0 ) =0. 293
ck

Page 17 of 19
 V rd ,c =( v min ) b w d=0. 293∗300∗737∗10−3 KN=64.85 KN

use the maximum value of the two for Vrd,c

V rd ,c =128.03 KN

Since Ved>Vrd,c designed shear reinforcement is required.

Calculation of shear reinforcement
A sw
V rd ,s = Z f ywd cot ( θ )
S
V rd ,s =V at d =232.03 KN

And if two legged stirrups with 8 mm diameter is used:

2
2∗π ∅ 2∗π∗( 8 )
2
A sw = = =100.53 mm2
4 4
z=0.9 d=0.9∗737=663.3 mm[0.9 d is assumed for value for z ]
cot ( 22 )=2.47 ≈ 2.5
f ywd =f yd =347.83 Mpa

A sw 100.53 −3
s= Z f ywd cot ( θ )= ∗663.3∗347.83∗2.5∗10 mm=249.901 mm
V rd ,s 232.03

Take s=240 mm
Check minimum shear reinforcement
ρw = A sw / ( s bw sin ( α ) )

100.53
ρw = =0.0 01396
300∗240∗sin ( 90 )

0.08 √ f ck
ρw , min=
f yk

0.08 √ 20
ρw , min= =0.00 0894
400
ρw > ρw , min ok.
Maximum shear reinforcement spacing
s max =0.75 d=0.75∗737=552.75 mmtake 550 mm

Since Scal is < Smax, provide Scal.

Page 18 of 19
Provide ∅ 8 c /c 24 0 mm

Page 19 of 19