Component (Click To View Engine Diagrams) Fault Code Component Descriptions Description

Fuel System Location & Description Listing Page 1 of 55
Fuel System Location and Description Listing
Component
(click to view Fault Code Component
Description
Engine Descriptions
Diagrams)
The OEM switch is

The OEM switch is used by the electronic control
located in different
module (ECM) to monitor an OEM-specific
locations, depending on
switch. The ECM monitors the signal on pin 12
the OEM and equipment
for the engine/vehicle protection system.
model.
The idle validation switch is used by the

Accelerator Pedal or electronic control module (ECM) to indicate
The solid state sensor
Lever Idle Validation when the accelerator pedal or lever is released
switch (SSS) is located
Circuit - Data Erratic, (on-idle) or depressed (off-idle). The switch is
on the accelerator pedal
Intermittent or adjusted at the factory to switch from on-idle to
or lever assembly.
Incorrect off-idle at the correct accelerator pedal or lever
position.

electronic control module (ECM) to indicate
Accelerator Pedal or
The integrated sensor when the accelerator pedal or lever is released
Lever Idle Validation
switch (ISS) is located on (on-idle) or depressed (off-idle). The switch is
Circuit - Data Erratic,
the accelerator pedal or adjusted at the factory to switch from on-idle to
Intermittent, or
lever assembly. off-idle at the correct accelerator pedal or lever
Incorrect
position. The switch return is a shared return
with other OEM cab switches.

Accelerator Pedal or electronic control module (ECM) to indicate
The nonintegrated sensor
Lever Idle Validation when the accelerator pedal or lever is released
switch (NISS) is located
Circuit - Data Erratic, (on-idle) or depressed (off-idle). The switch is
on the accelerator pedal
Intermittent, or adjusted at the factory to switch from on-idle to
or lever assembly.
Incorrect off-idle at the correct accelerator pedal or lever
position.
The accelerator pedal or lever position sensor is

attached to the accelerator pedal or lever. The
accelerator pedal or lever position sensor sends
a signal to the electronic control module (ECM)
Accelerator Pedal or The accelerator pedal or when the accelerator pedal or lever is depressed
Lever Idle Validation lever position sensor is and released. The accelerator pedal or lever
Circuit - Out of located on the accelerator position circuit contains three wires: accelerator
Calibration pedal or lever. pedal or lever position supply, accelerator pedal
or lever position return, and accelerator pedal or
lever position signal. The switch return circuit for
the on-idle and off-idle validation circuit is a
shared return with other OEM switches.
mk:@MSITStore:C:\Intelect\INSITE\FIS\FIS4021416.chm::/locations-descriptions.htm 8/23/2011

Accelerator Pedal or when the accelerator pedal or lever is released
Lever Idle Validation The integrated sensor (on-idle) or depressed (off-idle). The switch is
Circuit - Voltage switch (ISS) is located on adjusted by the accelerator pedal or lever
Below Normal or the accelerator pedal or manufacturers to switch from on-idle to off-idle at
Shorted to Low lever assembly. the correct accelerator pedal or lever position.
Source The switch return is a shared return with other
OEM cab switches.

when the accelerator pedal or lever is released
Lever Idle Validation The nonintegrated sensor
(on-idle) or depressed (off-idle). The switch is
Circuit - Voltage switch (NISS) is located
adjusted by the accelerator pedal or lever
Below Normal or on the accelerator pedal
manufacturers to switch from on-idle to off-idle at
Shorted to Low or lever assembly.
the correct accelerator pedal or lever position.
Source
The switch return is a shared return with other
OEM cab switches.

when the accelerator pedal or lever is released
Lever Idle Validation The solid state sensor
(on-idle) or depressed (off-idle). The switch is
Circuit - Voltage switch (SSS) is located
adjusted by the accelerator pedal or lever
Below Normal or on the accelerator pedal
manufacturers to switch from on-idle to off-idle at
Shorted to Low or lever assembly.
the correct accelerator pedal or lever position.
Source
The switch return is a shared return with other
OEM cab switches.
Accelerator Pedal or This type of throttle interface is designed to

Lever Position 1 accept a variable frequency signal as the throttle
Sensor Circuit signal. An electronic component generates a
Frequency - Data Throttle location varies square wave logic-level signal in which the
Valid but Below with each OEM. frequency of the signal corresponds to a throttle
Normal Operational command. The frequency values are established
Range - Most Severe by the calibration in the electronic control
Level module (ECM).
This type of throttle interface is designed to

accept a variable frequency signal as the throttle
Lever Position Sensor
signal. An electronic component generates a
1 - Data Valid but Throttle location varies
square wave logic-level signal in which the
Above Normal with each OEM.
frequency of the signal corresponds to a throttle
Operational Range -
command. The frequency values are established
Most Severe Level
by the calibration in the ECM.
The accelerator position sensor is a hall-effect

sensor attached to the accelerator pedal. The
accelerator position sensor varies the signal
voltage to the electronic control module (ECM)
as the accelerator pedal is depressed and
released. Low signal voltage is received by the
ECM when the accelerator pedal is at 0 percent.
A high signal voltage is received by the ECM

when the accelerator pedal is at 100 percent.
The accelerator pedal position circuit contains
an accelerator pedal position 5 volt supply,
accelerator pedal position return, and
accelerator pedal position signal. The
accelerator pedal contains two position sensors.
The accelerator pedal These position sensors are used to measure the
2 Circuit - Voltage
position sensor is located throttle position. Both position sensors receive a
Above Normal or
on the accelerator pedal. 5 volt supply from the ECM. A corresponding
Shorted to High
signal voltage based on the position of the
Source
accelerator pedal is then received from the
ECM. The signal voltage for accelerator position
1 is twice as much as the signal voltage from the
accelerator position 2. When the ECM senses a
signal voltage lower than the normal operating
range of the sensor, this fault code is set.

ECM when the accelerator pedal at 0 percent. A
high signal voltage is received by the ECM when
the accelerator pedal is at 100 percent. The
Accelerator Pedal or accelerator pedal position circuit contains an
Lever Position Sensor accelerator pedal position 5 volt supply,
The accelerator pedal
2 Circuit - Voltage accelerator pedal position return, and
position sensor is located
Below Normal or accelerator pedal position signal. The
on the accelerator pedal.
Shorted to Low accelerator pedal contains two position sensors.
Source These position sensors are used to measure the
throttle position. Both position sensors receive a
5 volt supply from the ECM. A corresponding
1 is twice as much as the signal voltage from
accelerator position 2. When the ECM senses a
signal voltage lower than the normal operating
range of the sensor, this fault code is set.

The accelerator pedal or a signal to the electronic control module (ECM)
lever position sensor is when the accelerator pedal or lever is depressed
located on the accelerator and released. The accelerator pedal or lever
Circuit - Shorted High
pedal or lever. position circuit contains three wires: Accelerator
Pedal or Lever Position +5 VDC Supply,
Accelerator Pedal or Lever Position Return, and
Accelerator Pedal or Lever Position Signal.

The accelerator pedal or a signal to the electronic control module (ECM)
lever position sensor is when the accelerator pedal or lever is depressed
Circuit - Voltage
mounted to the and released. The accelerator pedal or lever
Below Normal or
accelerator pedal or lever position circuit contains three wires: Accelerator
Shorted to Low
assembly. Pedal or Lever Position Supply, Accelerator
Source
Pedal or Lever Position Return, and Accelerator
Pedal or Lever Position Signal.

ECM when the accelerator pedal is at 0 percent.
A high signal voltage is received by the ECM
Accelerator Pedal or when the accelerator pedal is at 100 percent.
Lever Position Sensor The accelerator pedal position circuit contains
The accelerator pedal
Number 1 and an accelerator pedal position 5 volt supply,
position sensor is located
Number 2 - Data accelerator pedal position return, and
on the accelerator pedal.
Erratic, Intermittent, or accelerator pedal position signal. The
Incorrect accelerator pedal contains two position sensors.
These position sensors are used to measure the
throttle position. Both position sensors receive a
5 volt supply from the ECM. A corresponding
number 1 is twice as much as the signal voltage
from accelerator position number 2.
The accelerator pedal or

Accelerator Pedal or lever assembly is located
Lever Position Sensor in the cab. For marine
The electronic control module (ECM) supplies
Supply Voltage Circuit applications, the
the accelerator pedal or lever position sensor
- Voltage Above accelerator lever
with +5 volts.
Normal or Shorted to assembly is typically
High Source located in the engine
compartment or helm.
For Automotive
applications, the
accelerator pedal or lever
Lever Position Sensor The electronic control module (ECM) supplies
is located in the cab. For
Supply Voltage Circuit the accelerator with +5 VDC. If the supply circuit
Marine applications, the
- Voltage Below to the accelerator is damaged, the accelerator
accelerator lever is
Normal or Shorted to will not work correctly.
typically located in the
Low Source
engine compartment or
the helm.
The adaptive cruise The adaptive cruise control unit communicates

Adaptive Cruise control is a feature in with the electronic control module (ECM),
Control - Error INSITE™ electronic sending and receiving vehicle speed control
service tool. messages through the SAE J1939 data link.
The aftertreatment #1 air

Aftertreatment #1 Air
solenoid is mounted to The aftertreatment #1 air solenoid is used to
Enable Actuator —
the back of the dosing enable and disable the truck air supply to the
Voltage Above
control unit. The dosing dosing control unit. The air is used to transport
Normal, or Shorted to
control unit is OEM the catalyst solution to the catalyst nozzle.
High Source.
mounted.
The aftertreatment #1 air

Aftertreatment #1 Air
solenoid is mounted to The aftertreatment #1 air solenoid is used to
Enable Actuator —
the back of the dosing enable and disable the truck air supply to the
Voltage Below
control unit. The dosing dosing control unit. The air is used to transport
control unit is OEM the catalyst solution to the catalyst nozzle.
Low Source.
mounted.
For an air-assisted SCR aftertreatment system,

the aftertreatment diesel exhaust fluid (Urea)
dosing unit requires air pressure from the OEM
air tanks. The diesel exhaust fluid dosing unit
precisely measures the amount of diesel
exhaust fluid to be injected into the
Aftertreatment Diesel aftertreatment system. The diesel exhaust fluid
The aftertreatment diesel
Exhaust Fluid Dosing dosing unit has three primary cycles. A priming
exhaust fluid dosing unit
Control Unit Input cycle at initial engine start makes sure that
location is OEM
Lines - Condition diesel exhaust fluid is available at the diesel
dependent.
Exists exhaust fluid dosing unit. During the dosing
cycle, the diesel exhaust fluid is being delivered
to the aftertreatment nozzle. A purge cycle
occurs when the engine is turned off. The purge
cycle makes sure that all the diesel exhaust fluid
is removed from the diesel exhaust fluid line and
aftertreatment nozzle.
The aftertreatment outlet nitrogen oxides (NOx)

sensor is a smart device and receives
commands from the engine electronic control
module (ECM) via the J1939 data link. The
aftertreatment outlet NOx sensor receives power
The aftertreatment outlet
and a ground directly from the battery. The
Aftertreatment Outlet NOx sensor location can
aftertreatment outlet NOx sensor performs its
NOx - Data Valid but vary depending on engine
own internal diagnostics and reports
Above Normal application. It is usually
malfunctions back to the primary engine ECM
Operational Range - located in the exhaust
using the J1939 data link. The aftertreatment
Least Severe Level system at the outlet of the
outlet NOx sensor is permanently attached to
aftertreatment catalyst.
the NOx control module. They are serviced as a
single component and can not be replaced
individually. The aftertreatment outlet NOx
sensor is used to measure the outlet NOx
emissions from the engine.

module (ECM) via the J1939 data link. The
The aftertreatment outlet and a ground directly from the battery. The
Aftertreatment Outlet NOx sensor location can aftertreatment outlet NOx sensor performs its
NOx - Data Valid but vary depending on engine own internal diagnostics and reports
Above Normal application. It is usually malfunctions back to the primary engine ECM
Operational Range - located in the exhaust using the J1939 data link. The aftertreatment
Most Severe Level system at the outlet of the outlet NOx sensor is permanently attached to
aftertreatment catalyst. the NOx control module. They are serviced as a
single component and can not be replaced
individually. The aftertreatment outlet NOx
sensor is used to measure the outlet NOx

module (ECM) via the J1939 datalink. The
The aftertreatment outlet
NOx sensor location can
Aftertreatment Outlet and a ground directly from the battery. The
vary depending on engine
NOx Sensor - aftertreatment outlet NOx sensor performs its
application. It is usually
Abnormal Update own internal diagnostics and reports
located in the exhaust
Rate malfunctions back to the primary engine ECM
system at the outlet of the
using the J1939 datalink. The aftertreatment
aftertreatment catalyst.
outlet NOx sensor is permanently attached to
the NOx control module. The aftertreatment
outlet NOx sensor is used to measure the outlet
NOx emissions from the engine.

The aftertreatment outlet module (ECM) via the J1939 datalink. The
NOx sensor location can aftertreatment outlet NOx sensor performs its
Aftertreatment Outlet
vary depending on engine own internal diagnostics and reports
NOx Sensor - Data
application. It is usually malfunctions back to the primary ECM using the
Erratic, Intermittent, or
located in the exhaust J1939 datalink. The NOx sensor is permanently
Incorrect
system at the outlet of the attached to the NOx control module. They are
aftertreatment catalyst. serviced as single component and can not be
replaced individually. The aftertreatment outlet
NOx sensor is used to measure the outlet NOx

The aftertreatment outlet sensor is a smart device and receives
Aftertreatment Outlet NOx sensor location can commands from the engine electronic control
NOx Sensor - Voltage vary depending on engine module (ECM) via the J1939 datalink. The
Below Normal, or application. It is usually aftertreatment outlet NOx sensor performs its
Shorted to Low located in the exhaust own internal diagnostics and reports
Source system at the outlet of the malfunctions back to the primary ECM using the
aftertreatment catalyst. J1939 datalink. The NOx sensor is permanently
attached to the NOx control module. They are
serviced as single component and can not be
replaced individually. The aftertreatment outlet

NOx sensor is used to measure the outlet NOx
The immobilizer anti-theft device is connected to

The engine ECM is
the primary engine Electronic Control Module
located on the intake side
(ECM) through a J1939 datalink network.
of the engine. The J1939
Antitheft Password Messages sent from the immobilizer anti-theft
datalink wiring and
Valid Indicator — Data device are received by the Cummins engine
location of OEM installed
Erratic, Intermittent, or ECM and used for controlling the anti-theft
J1939 devices varies by
Incorrect features. The Cummins ECM and immobilizer
OEM. The immobilizer
anti-theft device must be configured properly so
anti-theft device is
that proper operation of the multiplexed
installed by the OEM.
components will occur.
The torque curve switch circuit allows the

Auxiliary Alternate
The location of the torque operator to select from up to three
Torque Validation
curve switch circuit varies preprogrammed torque curves using a two- or
Switch - Data Erratic,
with each OEM and three-position switch, depending on which the
Intermittent, or
equipment model. original equipment manufacturer (OEM) has
Incorrect
provided.
Dual outputs based on sensed parameters

provide up to two independent switched outputs
for OEM use. The state of each switched output
can be determined by different inputs to the
Auxiliary Commanded
electronic control module (ECM) depending on
Dual Output The dual outputs features
the engine platform. The ECM can provide
Shutdown - Special are OEM dependent.
different outputs to OEM devices if any of the
Instructions
inputs are above or below calibrated thresholds.
Each switched output is independent of the other
with respect to control parameter input and
threshold settings.
The OEM has the option of wiring a pressure or

temperature sensor input to the Cummins ECM.
A specific calibration is then created to
Auxiliary Equipment The OEM pressure or recognize this pressure or temperature sensor
Sensor Input #3 (OEM temperature sensor input input. This fault code is activated when the
Switch) - Root Cause will vary depending on pressure or temperature input from the OEM
Not Known application. sensor exceeds the engine protection limit
defined by the OEM. Depending on OEM
requirements, an Engine Protection derate may
be associated with this fault code.
The OEM has the option of wiring a temperature

sensor input to the Cummins ECM. A specific
Auxiliary Equipment The OEM pressure or calibration is then created to recognize this
Sensor Input Number temperature sensor input temperature sensor input. This fault code is
3 (OEM Switch) - Root will vary depending on activated when the temperature input from the
Cause Not Known application. OEM sensor exceeds the engine protection limit
be associated with this fault code.
The electronic control module (ECM) provides a

Auxiliary Input/Output signal to the OEM output control solenoid to turn
2 Circuit Voltage the OEM supplied accessory on and off. The
The OEM out solenoid
Above Normal or OEM output control circuit varies by OEM.
location varies by OEM.
Shorted to High Certain OEM's may use a solenoid return that is
Source wired to the ECM or may use a return that goes
to engine block or chassis ground.

Auxiliary Input/Output signal to the OEM output control solenoid to turn
3 Circuit - Voltage the OEM supplied accessory on and off. The
The OEM output solenoid
Above Normal, or OEM output control circuit varies by OEM.
location varies by OEM.
Shorted to High Certain OEM's may use a solenoid return that is
Source wired to the ECM or may use a return that goes
to engine block or chassis ground.
The Intermediate Speed

Auxiliary Intermediate Up to three Intermediate Speed Control set
Control (PTO) switch is
(PTO) Speed Switch speeds (1,2,3) can be selected, depending on
mounted by the OEM,
Validation - Data OEM availability. A multi-position switch or three
usually inside the cab of
Erratic, Intermittent, or individual switches must be installed by the OEM
the vehicle or externally
Incorrect to support this feature.
as a speed control switch.
The transmission shift modulator uses this signal

from the ECM to determine when to shift the
Auxiliary PWM Driver
transmission. The return circuit is dependent on
#1 - Voltage Above
OEM wiring. It may be wired back to the ECM on
Normal or Shorted to
some vehicles or wired to chassis or block
High Source
ground on others. Consult the OEM wiring
diagram for return circuit details.
The transmission shift modulator uses this signal

from the ECM to determine when to shift the
Auxiliary PWM Driver
transmission. The return circuit is dependent on
#1 - Voltage Below
OEM wiring. It may be wired back to the ECM on
some vehicles or wired to chassis or block
Low Source
ground on others. Consult the OEM wiring
diagram for return circuit details.
The OEM has the option of wiring a pressure

sensor input to the Cummins® ECM. A specific
calibration is then created to recognize this
Auxiliary Pressure The OEM pressure pressure sensor input. This fault code is
Sensor Input 1 - sensor input will vary activated when the pressure or temperature
Special Instructions depending on application. input from the OEM sensor exceeds the engine
protection limit defined by the OEM. Depending
on OEM requirements, an Engine Protection
derate may be associated with this fault code.
Auxiliary Pressure
Sensor Input 1 Circuit The OEM pressure
- Voltage Above sensor input will vary
Normal, or Shorted to depending on application.
pressure sensor input.
High Source
Auxiliary Pressure
Sensor Input 1 Circuit The OEM pressure
- Voltage Below sensor input will vary
pressure sensor input.
Low Source

Auxiliary Temperature The OEM temperature temperature sensor input. This fault code is
Sensor Input 1 - sensor input will vary activated when the pressure or temperature
Special Instructions. depending on application. input from the OEM sensor exceeds the engine
protection limit defined by the OEM. Depending
on OEM requirements, an Engine Protection
derate may be associated with this fault code.
Auxiliary Temperature
Sensor Input 1 - The OEM temperature
Voltage Above sensor input will vary
temperature sensor input.
High Source

sensor input to the Cummins® ECM. A specific
temperature sensor input. This fault code is
Auxiliary Temperature The OEM pressure or
activated when the temperature input from the
Sensor Input 1 Circuit temperature sensor input
OEM sensor exceeds the engine protection limit
- Root Cause Not will vary depending on
Known application.
be associated with this fault code. This fault
code can also be used to indicate high engine
coolant temperature on certain applications.
Auxiliary Temperature
Sensor Input 1 Circuit The OEM temperature
- Voltage Below sensor input will vary
temperature sensor input.
Low Source
Backup Engine The camshaft engine position sensor provides

Speed/Position The camshaft position engine position information to the electronic
Sensor Number 2 - sensor is located below control module (ECM). The sensor is powered
Data Erratic, the fuel pump in the back by (+) 5 VDC. The sensor generates the signal
Intermittent, or of the gear housing. by sensing the movement of target teeth
Incorrect machined into a tone wheel that is mounted to
the camshaft.
Barometric Pressure The barometric pressure The barometric pressure sensor is used by the
Sensor Circuit - sensor is mounted on the ECM to monitor the barometric pressure. This
Voltage Above Normal main branch of the value is one of many inputs used by the ECM to
or Shorted to High engine harness near the determine the correct air/fuel ratio for proper
Source ECM. engine operation.
Barometric Pressure The barometric pressure The barometric pressure sensor is used by the
Sensor Circuit - sensor is mounted on the electronic control module (ECM) to monitor the
Voltage Below main branch of the barometric pressure. This value is one of many
Normal, or Shorted to engine harness near the inputs used by the ECM to determine the correct
Low Source ECM. air/fuel ratio for proper engine operation.
The barometric pressure

sensor is mounted on the
The barometric pressure sensor is used by the
Barometric Pressure main branch of the
electronic control module (ECM) to monitor the
— Data Erratic, engine harness near the
barometric pressure. This value is one of many
Intermittent, or ECM. 100-002 (Engine
inputs used by the ECM to determine the correct
Incorrect Diagrams) in Section E
air/fuel ratio for proper engine operation.
for a detailed component
location view.
The ECM is located on

the intake side of the The electronic control module (ECM) receives
engine. The ECM is constant voltage from the batteries through the
connected to the battery unswitched battery wires that are connected
by the OEM harness. directly to the positive (+) battery post. There is
Battery 1 Voltage - This direct link provides a one 30-amp fuse in the unswitched battery wire
Data Valid but Above constant power supply for to protect the OEM harness. In marine
Normal Operational the ECM. In marine applications this is a 25 ampere fuse on 12V
Range - Moderately application only circuits 1 systems an a 15 ampere fuse on 24V systems.
Severe Level and 3 are use for The ECM receives switched battery input
unsiwtchd battery. The through the vehicle keyswitch wire when the
location of the battery will vehicle keyswitch is turned on. The battery
vary with the original return wires are connected directly to the
equipment manufacturer negative (-) battery post.
(OEM).
The ECM is located on The ECM receives constant voltage from the
the intake side of the batteries through the unswitched battery wires
engine. The ECM is that are connected directly to the positive (+)
connected to the battery battery post. There is one 30-amp fuse in the
Battery 1 Voltage - by the OEM harness. unswitched battery wires to protect the OEM
Data Valid but Below This direct link provides a harness. In marine applications this is a 25
Normal Operational constant power supply for ampere fuse on 12V systems and a 15 ampere
Range - Moderately the ECM. In marine fuse on 24V systems. The ECM receives
Severe Level applications only circuits switched battery input through the vehicle
1 and 3 are used for keyswitch wire when the vehicle keyswitch is
unswitched battery. The turned on. The battery return wires are
location of the battery will connected directly to the negative (-) battery
vary with the OEM. post.
The inlet and exhaust

temperature sensors are
located in the
Catalyst Inlet aftertreatment system.
The catalyst temperature sensors are used to
Temperature Sensor The inlet temperature
monitor the temperatures of the exhaust gas
Swapped with Outlet - sensor is located before
entering and exiting the catalyst.
Condition Exists. the catalyst and the
exhaust temperature
sensor is located at the
outlet of the exhaust.
The catalyst is monitored by inlet and outlet

The catalyst is located in
temperature sensors that are located in the
the exhaust system. The
Catalyst Missing - aftertreatment system. The inlet temperature
location of the catalyst
Condition Exists. sensor is located before the catalyst and the
may vary depending on
outlet temperature sensor is located at the outlet
the OEM.
of the catalyst system.
The catalyst exhaust gas

Catalyst Over
temperature sensor is The Exhaust Gas Temperature Number 2
Temperature - Data
located in the sensor is used by the ECM to monitor the engine
Valid but Above
aftertreatment system. It exhaust gas temperature exiting the catalyst
Normal Operational
is located at the outlet of unit. The ECM monitors the voltage on the signal
Range - Most Severe
the catalyst exhaust pin and converts this to a temperature value.
Level
system.
The catalyst tank heater keeps the catalyst

Catalyst Tank Heater
The catalyst tank heater solution from freezing in the catalyst tank. The
Circuit - Data Valid
is located in the catalyst catalyst heater element is powered through the
But Above Normal
tank. The location of the catalyst tank heater relay. The tank heater is
Operating Range -
catalyst tank heater activated once the temperature recorded by the
Moderately Severe
relays will vary by OEM. OEM tank temperature/level sensor is below a
Level
temperature threshold.
Catalyst Tank Heater

The catalyst tank heater
Circuit — Data Valid The catalyst tank heater keeps the catalyst
is located in the catalyst
But Below Normal solution from freezing in the catalyst tank. The
tank. The location of the
Operating Range — catalyst heater element is powered by the
catalyst tank heater
Moderately Severe catalyst tank heater relay.
relays will vary by OEM.
Level
Catalyst Tank Heater The catalyst tank heater

The catalyst tank heater keeps the catalyst
Circuit — Voltage is located in the catalyst
solution from freezing in the catalyst tank. The
Above Normal, or tank. The location of the
catalyst heater element is powered by the
Shorted to High catalyst tank heater
catalyst tank heater relay.
Source relays will vary by OEM.
Catalyst Tank Heater The catalyst tank heater The catalyst tank heater keeps the catalyst
Circuit — Voltage is located in the catalyst solution from freezing in the catalyst tank. The
Below Normal, or tank. The location of the catalyst tank heater is also used to thaw a frozen
Shorted to Low catalyst tank heater catalyst solution tank. The catalyst heater
Source relays will vary by OEM. element is powered by the catalyst tank heater
relay.
The catalyst solution level

Catalyst Tank Level - sensor is located in the
The catalyst solution level sensor is used to
Data Erratic, catalyst solution tank.
monitor the catalyst solution level inside the
Intermittent, or Location of the tank and
catalyst tank.
Incorrect. level sensor is OEM
dependent.
The catalyst tank level sensor is used to monitor

Catalyst Tank Level The catalyst tank level
the catalyst solution level inside the catalyst
Sensor Circuit — sensor is located in the
tank. The catalyst tanks level sensor is a
Voltage Above catalyst tank. Location of
combination sensor with the catalyst solution
Normal, or Shorted to the tank and level sensor
temperature sensor. The level and temperature
High Source is OEM dependent.
sensors share a common return circuit.
The catalyst tank level The catalyst tank level sensor is used to monitor
Catalyst Tank Level
sensor is located in the the catalyst solution level inside the catalyst
Sensor Circuit —
catalyst solution tank. tank. The catalyst tanks level sensor is a
Voltage Below
Location of the tank and combination sensor with the catalyst solution
level sensor is OEM temperature sensor. The level and temperature
Low Source
dependent. sensors share a common return circuit.
Catalyst Tank Level

The catalyst solution tank The catalyst tank level sensor is located in the
Sensor — Data
location is OEM catalyst tank. Location of the tank and level
dependent. sensor is OEM dependent.
Incorrect.
Catalyst Tank Level The catalyst solution level

— Data Valid but sensor is located in the
The catalyst solution level sensor is used to
Below Normal catalyst solution tank.
monitor the catalyst solution level inside the
Operational Range — Location of the tank and
catalyst tank.
Moderately Severe level sensor is OEM
Level. dependent.
The catalyst solution

The catalyst solution temperature sensor is used
temperature sensor is
Catalyst Tank by the electronic control module (ECM) to
located in the catalyst
Temperature — Data monitor the temperature of the catalyst solution
tank. The tank is OEM
Erratic, Intermittent, or in the catalyst tank. The ECM monitors the
mounted. For more
Incorrect voltage on the signal pin and converts this to a
information, contact the
temperature value.
OEM service manual.

Catalyst Tank temperature sensor is
by the electronic control module (ECM) to
Temperature — located in the catalyst
monitor the temperature of the catalyst solution
Voltage Above tank. The tank is mounted
inside the catalyst tank. The ECM monitors the
Normal, or Shorted to by the OEM. For more
voltage on the signal pin and converts this to a
High Source information, contact the
temperature value.
OEM service manual.

Catalyst Tank temperature sensor is
Temperature — located in the catalyst
monitor the temperature of the catalyst solution
Voltage Below tank. The tank is mounted
inside the catalyst tank. The ECM monitors the
Normal, or Shorted to by the OEM. For more
Low Source information, contact the
temperature value.
OEM service manual.
The oil filter is located on

Change Lubricating The ECM informs the driver of a maintenance
the exhaust side of the
Oil and Filter - event by using the Maintenance Monitor
engine, and the oil fill port
Condition Exists feature's lubrication oil drain limits.
varies by application.
The coolant level sensor is a switch and is used

to measure the level of the engine coolant in the
Coolant Level - Data radiator top tank. The coolant level sensor is
The engine coolant level
Valid But Below immersed in the coolant and returns a different
sensor is typically located
Normal Operational signal voltage when immersed in coolant versus
in the radiator top tank or
Range - Least Severe being out of coolant. The electronic control
surge tank.
Level module (ECM) monitors the change in the signal
voltage to determine the level of the engine
coolant.
Coolant Level - Data

The engine coolant level The engine coolant level sensor monitors the
Valid but Below
sensor is typically located engine coolant level within the coolant system
Normal Operational
in the radiator top tank or and passes information to the electronic control
Range - Most Severe
surge tank. module (ECM) through the OEM harness.
Level
Coolant Level - Data

Valid but Below
Normal Operational
Range - Moderately
Severe Level

Coolant Level Sensor
sensor is typically located The engine coolant level sensor monitors the
1 Circuit - Voltage
in the radiator top tank or engine coolant level within the coolant system
Above Normal or
surge tank, for marine and passes information to the electronic control
Shorted to High
engines, it is located in module (ECM) through the OEM harness.
Source
the expansion tank.
The electronic control module (ECM) supplies a

5 volt supply to the engine coolant level sensor
Coolant Level Sensor using a common sensor supply circuit. The ECM
1 Circuit - Voltage also provides a ground on the sensor return
Above Normal or circuit. The engine coolant level sensor provides
Shorted to High a signal to the ECM on the engine coolant level
surge tank.
Source sensor signal circuit. This sensor signal voltage
changes based on the coolant level in the
expansion tank.
Coolant Level Sensor

1 Circuit - Voltage
Below Normal or
Shorted to Low
Source

5 volt supply to the engine coolant level sensor
Coolant Level Sensor using a common sensor supply circuit. The ECM
1 Circuit - Voltage also provides a ground on the sensor return
Below Normal or circuit. The engine coolant level sensor provides
Shorted to Low a signal to the ECM on the engine coolant level
surge tank.
Source sensor SIGNAL circuit. This sensor signal
voltage changes based on the coolant level in
the expansion tank.
The pressure inside the crankcase is measured

Crankcase Pressure - The crankcase pressure
by the crankcase pressure sensor. When the
Data Above Normal sensor is located on the
crankcase pressure sensor determines that the
Operational Range - rocker cover, near the
crankcase pressure is higher than normal, this
Severe Level crankcase breather.
fault code is logged.
An algorithm in the electronic control module

(ECM) calibration monitors engine speed as
each injector fires while the engine is at idle. If a
cylinder has high or low contribution to engine
Cylinder Power the intake side of the
speed, this fault will become active. The
Imbalance Detected engine, below the air
intention of this fault is to assist in
horn.
troubleshooting performance complaints such as
engine misfire and low power. A fault lamp does
not illuminate while this fault code is active.
The Dosing Control Unit communicates to the

primary engine Electronic Control Module (ECM)
through the J1939 datalink network. The dosing
control unit precisely measures the amount of
catalyst solution to be injected into the
aftertreatment system. The dosing control unit
Dosing Control Unit — The Dosing Control Unit
has three primary cycles. A priming cycle at
Bad Intelligent Device location is OEM
initial key on makes sure that catalyst solution is
or Component. dependent.
available at the dosing control unit. During the
dosing cycle, catalyst solution is being delivered
to the aftertreatment nozzle. A purge cycle
occurs when the engine is turned off. The purge
cycle makes sure that all the catalyst solution is
removed from the aftertreatment line and nozzle.
The catalyst dosing unit communicates to the

Dosing Control Unit primary engine Electronic Control Module (ECM)
The Dosing Control Unit
Data Link — through the J1939 public data link network. The
location is OEM
Abnormal Update Dosing Control Unit also receives battery supply,
dependent.
Rate keyswitch input, and ground from the OEM
vehicle.
Dosing Control Unit

The dosing control unit The dosing control unit communicates to the
Temperature - Data
location is OEM primary engine electronic control (ECM) through
dependent. the J1939 data link network.
Incorrect
EGR Differential The Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR)

The EGR differential
Pressure Sensor - differential pressure sensor measures the
pressure sensor is
Data Valid But Above exhaust gas pressure drop across the EGR
mounted on the intake
Normal Operating differential pressure orifice. This pressure drop is
side of the engine on the
Range - Moderately used to calculate the amount of EGR flow into
air intake connection.
Severe Level the intake manifold.
The EGR temperature sensor is used to

EGR Temperature -
The EGR temperature measure the temperature of the exhaust gas that
Data Valid But Above
sensor is located in the exits the EGR cooler. This temperature is
Normal Operating
air horn, on the intake monitored to protect the engine against
Range, Least Severe
side of the engine. extremely high temperatures associated with the
Level
EGR system.
The EGR temperature

The EGR temperature sensor is used to
EGR Temperature - sensor is located in the
measure the temperature of the exhaust gas that
Data Valid But Above air horn, on the intake
exits the EGR cooler. This temperature is
Normal Operating side of the engine. Use
monitored to protect the engine against
Range, Moderately the following procedure
extremely high temperatures associated with the
Severe Level for a detailed component
EGR system.
location view.
The electronic control module (ECM) controls

the exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) valve,
The EGR vale motor is opening and closing it based on various engine
located on the exhaust operating conditions. The EGR valve is opened
EGR Valve Actuator
side of the engine and is and closed by a VDC motor that receives
Over Temperature
attached to the EGR voltage from the ECM on the EGR valve motor
(Calculated) - Data
valve assembly, which is signal (+) and EGR valve motor signal (-)
Above Normal Range
mounted to the exhaust circuits. To open the valve, the motor receives
manifold. voltage on the EGR valve motor signal (+)
circuit. To close the valve, the motor receives
voltage on the EGR valve motor signal (-) circuit.

the EGR valve, opening and closing it based on
The EGR valve motor is
various operating conditions. The EGR valve is
EGR Valve Control - located on the exhaust
opened and closed by a DC motor that receives
Mechanical System side of the engine and is
voltage from the ECM on the EGR valve motor
Not Responding attached to the EGR
SIGNAL (+) circuit. To open the valve, the motor
Properly or Out of valve assembly, which is
receives voltage on the EGR valve motor
Adjustment mounted to the exhaust
SIGNAL (+) circuit. To close the valve, the motor
manifold.
receives voltage on the EGR valve motor
SIGNAL (-) circuit.
The Electronic Control Module (ECM) controls

The EGR valve motor is the EGR valve, opening and closing it based on
located on the exhaust various operating conditions. The EGR valve is

side of the engine and is opened and closed by a DC motor that receives
EGR Valve Control attached to the EGR voltage from the ECM on the EGR valve motor
Circuit - Current valve assembly, which is SIGNAL (+) and (-) circuits. To open the valve,
Above Normal or mounted to the exhaust the motor receives voltage on the EGR valve
Grounded Circuit manifold. motor SIGNAL (+) circuit. To close the valve, the
motor receives voltage on the EGR valve motor
SIGNAL (-) circuit.

located on the exhaust
EGR Valve Control opened and closed by a DC motor that receives
side of the engine and is
Circuit - Current voltage from the ECM on the EGR valve motor
attached to the EGR
Below Normal or signal (+) and EGR valve motor signal (-)
valve assembly, which is
Open Circuit circuits. To open the valve, the motor receives
mounted on the exhaust
voltage on the EGR valve motor signal (+)
manifold.
circuit. To close the valve, the motor receives
voltage on the EGR valve motor signal (-) circuit.

EGR Valve Control located on the exhaust
opened and closed by a DC-motor that receives
Circuit - Voltage side of the engine and is
Above Normal or attached to the EGR
signal (+) and (-) circuits. To open the valve, the
Shorted to High valve assembly, which is
Source mounted to the exhaust
signal (+) circuit. To close the valve, the motor
manifold.
receives voltage on the EGR valve motor signal
(-) circuit.

EGR Valve Control located on the exhaust
opened and closed by a DC motor that receives
Circuit - Voltage side of the engine and is
Below Normal or attached to the EGR
signal (+) and (-) circuits. To open the valve, the
Shorted to Low valve assembly, which is
Source mounted to the exhaust
signal (+) circuit. To close the valve, the motor
manifold.
receives voltage on the EGR valve motor signal
(-) circuit.
The exhaust gas recircultion (EGR) differential

pressure sensor has two ports that sense a
pressure drop across the EGR gas entrance to
The EGR differential the intake connection. The electronic control
EGR Valve Differential
pressure sensor is module (ECM) uses this pressure drop to
Pressure Sensor
mounted on the side of calculate the amount of EGR gas entering the
Circuit - Shorted High
the intake air horn. intake. This calculation helps to determine the
commanded position of the EGR valve (and VG
turbocharger) that will control the amount of
EGR gas flow into the engine.
The exhaust gas recirculation. (EGR) valve

differential pressure sensor has two ports that
sense a pressure drop across the EGR gas
The EGR valve
entrance to the intake connection. The electronic
EGR Valve Differential differential pressure
control module (ECM) uses this pressure drop to
Pressure Sensor sensor is mounted on the
calculate the amount of EGR gas entering the
Circuit - Shorted Low side of the intake
intake. This calculation helps to determine the
connection.
commanded position of the EGR valve (and VG
turbocharger) that will control the amount of
EGR gas flow into the engine.
The EGR valve position The electronic control module (ECM) periodically
sensor is located on the checks and adjusts the zero position of the EGR
EGR valve assembly. valve position sensor when the EGR valve is
EGR Valve Failed
The EGR valve assembly closed. This self-calibrating feature adjusts for
Automatic Calibration
is located on the exhaust wear and unit-to-unit variation of position
Procedure
side of the engine, sensors and valve assemblies. This fault is
mounted to the exhaust logged if the position sensor reading is outside
manifold. the self-calibration limit.
The EGR valve position sensor outputs a

EGR Valve Position -
The EGR valve position voltage signal to the ECM. The ECM converts
Data Erratic,
sensor is located on the this signal into a percentage value, 0 to 100
Intermittent, or
EGR valve assembly. percent, indicating EGR valve position. A fully
Incorrect
open valve is equivalent to 100 percent.

EGR Valve Position - voltage signal to the electronic control module
The EGR valve position
Data Erratic, (ECM). The ECM converts this signal into a
sensor is located on the
Intermittent, or percentage value, 0 to 100 percent, indicating
EGR valve assembly.
Incorrect EGR valve position. A fully open valve is
equivalent to 100 percent.
The exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) valve

EGR Valve Position
position sensor outputs a voltage signal to the
Sensor Circuit - The EGR valve position
electronic control module (ECM). The ECM
Voltage Above Normal sensor is located on the
converts this signal into a percentage value, 0 to
or Shorted to High EGR valve assembly.
100, indicating valve position. A fully-open valve
Source
is equivalent to 100 percent.

EGR Valve Position The EGR valve position
voltage signal to the electronic control module
Sensor Circuit - sensor is located on the
(ECM). The ECM converts this signal into a
Voltage Below Normal EGR valve assembly.
percentage value, 0 to 100, indicating valve
or Shorted to Low 100-002 for a detailed
position. A fully-open valve is equivalent to 100
Source component location view.
percent.
On 12 VDC Automotive and 24 VDC Industrial or

Marine systems, the circuit is a pulse width
modulated driver in the electronic control module
(ECM) that controls the electric fuel lift pump.
Electric Lift Pump for On both 12 and 24 VDC The lift pump is grounded in the ECM. On 24
Engine Fuel Supply systems, the electric fuel VDC Automotive systems, the circuit is a pulse
Circuit - Voltage lift pump is located width modulated driver in the ECM that controls
Above Normal, or behind the ECM cooling the electric fuel lift pump relay. The circuit
Shorted to High plate on the intake side of includes two additional components, a relay and
Source the engine. voltage regulator. The ECM controls voltage to
the relay. When the relay is engaged, an OEM
supplied power source delivers 24 VDC to the
voltage regulator. The voltage regulator reduces
the 24 VDC to 12 VDC, which is then delivered
to the lift pump.
On 12 VDC Automotive and 24 VDC Industrial or

Marine systems, the circuit is a pulse width
modulated driver in the electronic control module
(ECM) that controls the electric fuel lift pump.
The lift pump is grounded in the ECM. On 24
Electric Lift Pump for On both 12 and 24 VDC
VDC Automotive systems, the circuit is a pulse
Engine Fuel Supply systems, the electric fuel
width modulated driver in the ECM that controls
Circuit - Voltage lift pump is located
the electric fuel lift pump relay. The circuit
Below Normal, or behind the ECM cooling
includes two additional components, a relay and
Shorted to Low plate on the intake side of
voltage regulator. The ECM controls voltage to
Source the engine.
the relay. When the relay is engaged, an OEM
supplied power source delivers 24 VDC to the
voltage regulator. The voltage regulator reduces
the 24 VDC to 12 VDC, which is then delivered
to the lift pump.
The ECM is connected to

The electronic control module (ECM) receives
Electrical Charging the battery by the ECM
constant voltage from the batteries through the
System Voltage High - power harness. This
unswitched battery wires that are connected
Data Valid but Above direct link provides a
directly to the positive (+) battery post. The ECM
Normal Operational constant power supply for
receives switched battery input through the
Range - Moderately the ECM. The location of
vehicle keyswitch wire when the vehicle
Severe Level the battery will vary with
keyswitch is turned on.
the OEM.

Electrical Charging the battery by the ECM
System Voltage Low - power harness. This
Data Valid but Below direct link provides a
Normal Operational constant power supply for
Range - Moderately the ECM. The location of
Severe Level the battery will vary with
the OEM.

Electrical Charging the battery by the OEM
System Voltage Low - harness. This direct link
Data Valid but Below provides a constant
Normal Operational power supply for the
Range - Most Severe ECM. The location of the
Level battery will vary with the
OEM.
This fault code is logged when incompatibel

calibrations between the primary and secondary
Electronic Calibration
OEM installed ECM' is detected. This fault code
Code Incompatibility -
is specific to OEM installed ECM's and is only
Out of Calibration
reported in the Cummins ECM for information
purposes only.
The Electronic Control Module (ECM) receives

The ECM is located on constant voltage from the batteries through the
the left side of the engine, unswitched battery wires that are connected
near the front of the directly to the positive (+) battery post. There is a
engine. The ECM is single 30-ampere fuse in the unswitched battery
connected to the battery wires to protect the engine harness from
Electronic Control
by the ECM power overheating. The ECM receives switched battery
Module Data Lost -
harness. This direct link input through the vehicle keyswitch wire when
Condition Exists
provides a constant the vehicle keyswitch is turned on. The battery
power supply for the return wires are connected directly to the
ECM. The location of the negative (-) battery post. Pins 2 and 3 are
battery will vary with the optional circuits possibly not used by the OEM.
OEM. Refer to the OEM wiring diagram for detailed
information on these circuit.
This circuit can be used to control either an

exhaust brake or an engine brake depending on
the application. The ECM controls engine brakes
The engine brake on cylinders 1, 2, and 3 by sending a signal on
solenoids are located the engine brake solenoid number 1 signal
under the valve cover. circuit. If an exhaust brake is installed, the
Engine Brake Actuator The engine brake exhaust brake is driven by the engine brake
Circuit #1 - Voltage solenoids are controlled solenoid number 1 signal line. A 2-pin Weather
Above Normal or through the engine Pack connector is located near the number 3
Shorted to High harness from the ECM. injector pass-through connector at the back of
Source The exhaust brake is an the engine. If an engine brake is installed, there
optional feature that is will be a jumper harness from this connector to
mounted in the exhaust the engine brake pass-through connectors on
system by the OEM. the rocker lever housing. If an exhaust brake is
installed, the OEM will connect one wire to the 2-
pin Weather Pack connector for the exhaust
brake relay.

The engine brake the application. The ECM controls engine brakes
solenoids are located on cylinders 1, 2, and 3 by sending a signal on
under the valve cover. the engine brake solenoid number 1 signal
Engine Brake Actuator The engine brake circuit. If an exhaust brake is installed, the
Circuit #1 - Voltage solenoids are controlled exhaust brake is driven by the engine brake
Below Normal or through the engine solenoid number 1 signal line. A 2-pin Weather
Shorted to Low harness from the ECM. Pack connector is located near the number 3
Source The exhaust brake is an injector pass-through connector at the back of
optional feature that is the engine. If an engine brake is installed, there
mounted in the exhaust will be a jumper harness from this connector to
system by the OEM. the engine brake pass-through connectors on
the rocker lever housing. If an exhaust brake is

brake relay.
The ECM controls engine brakes on cylinders 4,

The engine brake
5, and 6 by sending a signal on the engine brake
Engine Brake Actuator solenoids are located
solenoid number 2 signal circuit. A 2-pin
Circuit #2 - Voltage under the valve cover.
Weather Pack connector is located near the
Above Normal or The engine brake
number 3 injector pass-through connector at the
Shorted to High solenoids are controlled
back of the engine. There is a jumper harness
Source through the engine
from this connector to the engine brake pass-
harness from the ECM.
through connectors on the rocker lever housing.
The ECM controls engine brakes on cylinders 4,

The engine brake
5, and 6 by sending a signal on the engine brake
Engine Brake Actuator solenoids are located
solenoid number 2 signal circuit. A 2-pin
Circuit #2 - Voltage under the valve cover.
Weather Pack connector is located near the
Below Normal or The engine brake
number 3 injector pass-through connector at the
Shorted to Low solenoids are controlled
back of the engine. There is a jumper harness
Source through the engine
from this connector to the engine brake pass-
harness from the ECM.
through connectors on the rocker lever housing.

the application. The ECM controls engine brakes
The engine brake on cylinders 1, 2, and 3 by sending a signal on
solenoids are located the engine brake solenoid number 1 signal
under the valve cover. circuit. If an exhaust brake is installed, the
Engine Brake Actuator The engine brake exhaust brake is driven by the engine brake
Driver 1 Circuit - solenoids are controlled solenoid number 1 signal line. A 2-pin Weather
Voltage Below Normal through the engine Pack connector is located near the number 3
or Shorted to Low harness from the ECM. injector pass-through connector at the back of
Source The exhaust brake is an the engine. If an engine brake is installed, there
optional feature that is will be a jumper harness from this connector to
mounted in the exhaust the engine brake pass-through connectors on
system by the OEM. the rocker lever housing. If an exhaust brake is
brake relay.

the fuel system side of
Engine Control
the engine. It is attached The ECM is a computer that is responsible for
Module - Critical
at the cylinder head engine control, diagnostics, and user features.
Internal Failure
between cylinders 2 and
3.

The ECM is located on constant voltage from the batteries through the
the left side of the engine, unswitched battery wires that are connected
near the front of the directly to the positive (+) battery post. There is a
Engine Control engine. The ECM is single 30-ampere fuse in the unswitched battery
Module Calibration connected to the battery wires to protect the engine harness from
Program Memory by the ECM power overheating. The ECM receives switched battery
(RAM) Corruption - harness. This direct link input through the vehicle keyswitch wire when
Condition Exists provides a constant the vehicle keyswitch is turned on. The battery
power supply for the return wires are connected directly to the
ECM. The location of the negative (-) battery post. Pins 2 and 3 are
battery will vary with the optional circuits possibly not used by the OEM.
OEM. Refer to the OEM wiring diagram for detailed
information on the circuit.

directly to the positive (+) battery post. There is a
single 30-ampere fuse in the unswitched battery
the left side of the engine,
wires to protect the engine harness from
near the front of the
overheating. In marine applications this is a 25
engine. The ECM is
Engine Control ampere fuse on 12 VDC systems and a 15
connected to the battery
Module Data Lost - ampere fuse on 24 VDC systems. The ECM
by the ECM power
Data Erratic, receives switched battery input through the
harness. This direct link
Intermittent or vehicle keyswitch wire when the vehicle
provides a constant
Incorrect keyswitch is turned on. The battery return wires
power supply for the
are connected directly to the negative (-) battery
ECM. The location of the
post. Pins 2 and 3 are optional circuits possibly
battery will vary with the
not used by the OEM. In marine applications
OEM.
only circuits 1 and 3 are use for unswitched
battery. Refer to the OEM circuit diagram or
wiring diagram for detailed information on these
circuit.
Engine Control
Module Warning
Internal Hardware The ECM is a computer that is responsible for
the fuel system side of
Failure - Bad engine control, diagnostics, and user features.
the engine.
Intelligent Device or
Component
The engine coolant temperature sensor is used

by the ECM to monitor the engine coolant
The engine coolant temperature. The ECM monitors the voltage on
Engine Coolant temperature sensor is the signal pin and converts this to a temperature
Temperature - located on the exhaust value. The engine coolant temperature value is
Condition Exists side of the engine, near used by the ECM for the engine protection
the thermostat housing. system and engine emissions control. This fault
code will result in an Engine Protection power
derate.

Engine Coolant The engine coolant monitor the engine coolant temperature. The
Temperature - Data temperature sensor is ECM monitors the voltage on the signal pin and
Erratic, Intermittent, or located on the thermostat converts this to a temperature value. The engine
Incorrect housing. coolant temperature value is use by the ECM for
the engine protection system and engine
emission control.

Engine Coolant by the Electronic Control Module (ECM) to
The engine coolant
Temperature - Data monitor the engine coolant temperature. The
Valid but Above ECM monitors the voltage on the signal pin and
located on the exhaust
Normal Operational converts this to a temperature value. The engine
side of the engine near
Range - Moderately coolant temperature value is used by the ECM
the thermostat housing.
Severe Level for the engine protection system and engine
emissions control.

Engine Coolant by the electronic control module (ECM) to
Temperature - Data The engine coolant monitor the engine coolant temperature. The
Valid but Above temperature sensor is ECM monitors the voltage on the signal pin and
Normal Operational located on the thermostat converts this to a temperature value. The engine
Range - Most Severe housing. coolant temperature value is used by the ECM
Level for the engine protection system and engine
emission control.

Temperature 1 Sensor The engine coolant monitor the engine coolant temperature. The
Circuit - Voltage temperature sensor is ECM monitors the voltage on the signal pin and
Above Normal or located on the thermostat converts this to a temperature value. The engine
Shorted to High housing. coolant temperature value is used by the ECM
Source for the engine protection system, and engine
emissions control.

Below Normal or located on the thermostat converts this to a temperature value. The engine
Shorted to Low housing. coolant temperature value is used by the ECM
Source for the engine protection system and engine
emissions control.

Below Normal or located on the thermostat converts this to a temperature value. The engine
Shorted to Low housing. coolant temperature value is used by the ECM
Source for the engine protection system and engine
emissions control.

Engine Coolant
The engine coolant by the ECM to monitor the engine coolant
Temperature High -
temperature sensor is temperature. The ECM monitors the voltage on
Data Valid but Above
located on the exhaust the signal pin and converts this to a temperature
Normal Operational
side of the engine near value. The engine coolant temperature value is
Range - Least Severe
the thermostat housing. used by the ECM for the engine protection
Level
system and engine emissions control.
The engine speed sensor

is located on the intake
side of the engine
between number 5 and The crankshaft engine speed sensor provides
number 6 cylinders at the engine speed information to the electronic
Engine Crankshaft
crankshaft level. For ISB control module (ECM). The sensor is powered
Speed/Position - Data
and QSB5.9 the by +5 volts. The sensor generates the signal by
crankshaft engine speed sensing the movement of target teeth machined
Incorrect
sensor is located on the into a tone wheel that is mounted to the
intake side of the engine crankshaft.
behind the vibration
damper near the tone
wheel.

is located on the intake
side of the engine
between number 5 and The crankshaft engine speed sensor provides
number 6 cylinders at the engine speed information to the electronic
Engine Crankshaft
crankshaft level. For ISB control module (ECM). The sensor is powered
and QSB5.9 the by +5 VDC. The sensor generates the signal by
crankshaft engine speed sensing the movement of target teeth machined
Incorrect
sensor is located on the into a tone wheel that is mounted to the
intake side of the engine crankshaft.
behind the vibration
damper near the tone
wheel.
The engine crankshaft

speed/position sensor is
Engine Crankshaft
located on the ECM side
Speed/Position - Data The engine crankshaft speed/position sensor
of the engine, behind the
Valid but Above and the engine camshaft speed/position sensor
oil filters. The engine
Normal Operational provide engine speed and position information to
camshaft speed/position
Range - Moderately the ECM through the engine harness.
sensor is located above
Severe Level
the fuel pump, in back of
the gear housing.
The crankshaft speed

intake side of the engine
near the number 6
cylinder at the crankshaft
Engine Crankshaft centerline. For ISB and
The crankshaft engine speed sensor and the
Speed/Position - Data QSB5.9 the crankshaft
camshaft engine position sensor provide engine
Valid but Above engine speed sensor is
speed and position information to the Electronic
Normal Operational located on the intake side
Control Module (ECM) through the engine
Range - Most Severe of the engine behind the
harness.
Level vibration damper near the
tone wheel. The camshaft
speed sensor is located
below the fuel pump in
the back of the gear
housing.
For ISB and QSB5.9 the

crankshaft engine speed
Engine Crankshaft
intake side of the engine The crankshaft engine speed sensor and the
behind the vibration camshaft engine position sensor provide engine
Valid but Above
damper near the tone speed and position information to the Electronic
Normal Operational
wheel. The camshaft Control Module (ECM) through the engine
Range - Most Severe
speed sensor is located harness.
Level
below the fuel pump in
the back of the gear
housing.
The main engine speed

sensor (crankshaft
Engine Magnetic position sensor) reads a
Crankshaft tone wheel that is
The main engine speed sensor (crankshaft
Speed/Position Lost mounted to the front of
position sensor) and the backup engine speed
Both of Two Signals - the engine crankshaft.
sensor (camshaft position sensor) are connected
Data Erratic, The backup engine speed
to the engine wiring harness.
Intemittent, or sensor (camshaft position
Incorrect sensor) reads a tone
wheel that is inside the
front cover.
An algorithm in the ECM calibration monitors

engine speed as each injector fires while the
engine is at idle. If a cylinder has high or low
Engine Misfire The ECM is located on
contribution to engine speed, this fault will
Cylinder 1 - Condition the intake side of the
become active. The intention of this fault is to
Exists. engine.
assist in troubleshooting performance
complaints such as engine misfire and low
power.

Exists. engine.
power.

Exists. engine.
power.


Exists. engine.
power.

Exists. engine.
power.

Exists. engine.
power.

The ECM is located on engine speed as each injector fires while the
the intake side of the engine is at idle. If a cylinder has high or low
Engine Misfire for
engine. 100-002 (Engine contribution to engine speed, this fault will
Multiple Cylinders —
Diagrams) in section E for become active. The intention of this fault is to
Condition Exists.
a detailed component assist in troubleshooting performance
location view. complaints such as engine misfire and low
power.
The oil level sensor will monitor the oil fluid level
in the oil pan at key-on. The oil level sensor will
not monitor the oil level after the engine is
started or when the engine speed is greater than
0 rpm. During the engine key-on, if the oil level
sensor detects a critical low oil level, then the
Engine Oil Level amber CHECK ENGINE light will blink for 30
The oil level sensor is
Sensor Circuit - seconds and a fault code will be logged. If an
located on the left side of
Voltage Above Normal operator observes a blinking amber CHECK
the engine on the front oil
or Shorted to High ENGINE light at key-on, the operator must check
dipstick port.
Source the engine oil level with the manual dipstick. The
oil level sensor provides the electronic control
module (ECM) with a pulse width modulated
(PWM) signal. Within this signal, the oil level
sensor transmits the engine oil level reading, oil
temperature, and fault code information from the
oil level sensor.
The oil level sensor will monitor the oil fluid level
in the oil pan at key-on. The oil level sensor will

not monitor the oil level after the engine is
started or when the engine speed is greater than
0 rpm. During the engine key-on, if the oil level
sensor detects a critical low oil level, then the
amber CHECK ENGINE light will blink for 30
Engine Oil Level
The oil level sensor is seconds and a fault code will be logged. If an
Sensor Circuit -
located on the left side of operator observes a blinking amber CHECK
Voltage Below Normal
the engine on the front oil ENGINE light at key-on, the operator must check
or Shorted to Low
dipstick port. the engine oil level with the manual dipstick. The
Source
oil level sensor provides the electronic control
module (ECM) with a pulse width modulated
(PWM) signal. Within this signal, the oil level
sensor transmits the engine oil level reading, oil
temperature, and fault code information from the
oil level sensor.
The engine oil level

Engine Oil Level — An algorithm in the ECM calibration monitors
engine oil dipstick, on the
Data Valid But Above engine oil level while the ECM is keyed on and
air intake side of the
Normal Operational no engine speed is detected. If the engine oil
engine. 100-002 (Engine
Range — Most level exceeds a certain threshold, the ECM will
Diagrams) in section E for
Severe Level activate Fault 688.
further details on dipstick
location.

Engine Oil Level — engine oil level while the ECM is keyed on and
Data Valid But Below no engine speed is detected. If the engine oil
Normal Operational level falls below a certain threshold, the ECM will
Range — Least activate Fault 471, as well as the maintenance
Severe Level lamp. The maintenance lamp will flash only
during a keyon event.
location.

Engine Oil Level — An algorithm in the ECM calibration monitors
Data Valid But Below engine oil level while the ECM is keyed on and
Normal Operational no engine speed is detected. If the engine oil
Range — Most level falls below a certain threshold, the ECM will
Severe Level activate Fault 253.
location.
Engine Oil Rifle

The engine oil pressure sensor is used by the
Pressure - Data Valid The engine oil pressure
but Below Normal sensor is located on the
lubricating oil pressure. The ECM monitors the
Operational Range - left side of the engine
Moderately Severe block.
pressure value.
Level
Engine Oil Rifle The oil pressure sensor is The engine oil pressure sensor is used by the
Pressure - Data Valid located on the intake side electronic control module (ECM) to monitor the
but Below Normal of the engine, on the lubricating oil pressure. If the oil pressure drops
Operational Range - block, below the fuel filter. below the engine protection limit, will cause
Most Severe Level Fault Code 415 to log.
The engine oil pressure sensor is used by the

Engine Oil Rifle The oil pressure sensor is
lubricating oil pressure. If the oil pressure drops
Pressure - Data Valid located on the intake side
below the engine protection limit, the switch will
but Below Normal of the engine on the
close and cause Fault Code 415 to log. When
Operational Range - engine block, below the
the engine is not running, the oil pressure switch
Most Severe Level fuel filter
will be closed. The oil pressure switch will open
when oil pressure is above 48 kPa [7 psi].
The camshaft engine position sensor provides

Engine Speed Sensor engine position information to the electronic
The camshaft position
(Camshaft) Error - control module (ECM). The sensor is powered
sensor is located below
Data Erratic, by (+) 5-VDC. The sensor generates the signal
the fuel pump in the back
Intermittent, or by sensing the movement of target teeth
of the gear housing.
Incorrect machined into a tone wheel that is mounted to
the camshaft.
Engine Speed
Sensor/Position
Camshaft and
The engine speed sensor and camshaft position
Crankshaft
sensor provide an engine speed and position
Misalignment -
signal to the electronic control module (ECM)
Mechanical System
through the engine harness.
Not Responding
Properly or Out of
Adjustment
Engine Speed
Sensor/Position
Camshaft and
The engine speed sensor and camshaft position
Crankshaft
sensor provide an engine speed and position
Misalignment -
signal to the electronic control module (ECM)
Mechanical System
through the engine harness.
Not Responding
Properly or Out of
Adjustment
Engine
Speed/Position
is located on the intake The engine speed voltage supply provides +5
Sensor (Crankshaft)
side of the engine VDC for the engine speed sensor. If the supply
Supply Voltage Circuit
between number 5 and wire to this sensor is damaged, the sensor will
- Voltage Below
number 6 cylinders at the not work properly.
crankshaft level.
Low Source
The exhaust gas pressure sensor measures the

The exhaust gas pressure of the gas exhaust in the manifold and
Exhaust Gas Pressure pressure sensor is passes that information to the electronic control
Sensor Circuit - located on the EGR module (ECM) through the engine harness. This
Shorted High cooler on the exhaust information is used by the ECM to control
side of the engine. emissions and EGR valve operation. If the
exhaust gas pressure becomes too high, it will
cause a derate condition.
The exhaust gas pressure sensor measures the

pressure of the gas in the exhaust manifold and
The exhaust gas
passes that information to the electronic control
Exhaust Gas Pressure pressure sensor is
module (ECM) through the engine harness. This
Sensor Circuit - located on the EGR
information is used by the ECM to control
Shorted Low cooler on the exhaust
emissions and for valve operation. If the exhaust
side of the engine.
gas pressure becomes too low, it will cause a
derate condition.
The exhaust gas

Exhaust Gas Pressure
pressure sensor will be The exhaust gas pressure sensor provides the
Sensor Number 1
located near the inlet to exhaust gas pressure to the exhaust gas
the exhaust catalyst. The treatment monitor unit through the exhaust gas
Intermittent, or
location will vary treatment monitor harness.
Incorrect.
depending on application.
Exhaust Gas Pressure The exhaust gas

Sensor Number 1 pressure sensor will be The exhaust gas pressure sensor provides the
Circuit - Voltage located near the inlet to exhaust gas pressure to the exhaust gas
Above Normal, or the exhaust catalyst. The treatment monitor unit through the exhaust gas
Shorted to High location will vary treatment monitor harness.
Source depending on application.
Exhaust Gas Pressure The exhaust gas

Sensor Number 1 pressure sensor will be The exhaust gas pressure sensor provides the
Circuit - Voltage located near the inlet to exhaust gas pressure to the exhaust gas
Below Normal, or the exhaust catalyst. The treatment monitor unit through the exhaust gas
Shorted to Low location will vary treatment monitor harness.
Source depending on application.
Exhaust Gas
Recirculation (EGR) The EGR temperature sensor is used to
The EGR temperature
Temperature Sensor measure the temperature of the exhaust gas that
sensor is located in the
Circuit - Voltage exits the EGR cooler. The electronic control
intake air horn at the front
Above Normal or module (ECM) uses this temperature to control
of the engine.
Shorted to High emission levels of the engine.
Source
There is not a physical

exhaust gas temperature Exhaust temperature is a calculated value that
sensor on the engine. the electronic control module (ECM) derives
Exhaust Gas
The exhaust gas based on engine operating conditions, such as
Temperature - Data
temperature is a intake manifold temperature and pressure,
Above Normal
calculation of the exhaust engine speed, fuel flow, and exhaust gas
gas temperature before recirculation (EGR) valve pressure.
entering the turbocharger
and is also known as the

turbine inlet temperature.
The catalyst inlet

temperature sensor is The catalyst inlet temperature sensor is used by
Exhaust Gas
located in the the electronic control module (ECM) to monitor
Temperature 1 Circuit
aftertreatment system. It the engine exhaust temperature entering the
— Voltage Above
is located between the catalyst unit. The ECM monitors the voltage on
turbocharger outlet and the signal pin and converts this to a temperature
Low Source
the catalyst unit inlet in value.
the exhaust system.
The catalyst inlet

temperature sensor is The catalyst inlet temperature sensor is used by
Exhaust Gas
located in the the electronic control module (ECM) to monitor
Temperature 1 Circuit
aftertreatment system. It the engine exhaust temperature entering the
— Voltage Below
is located between the catalyst unit. The ECM monitors the voltage on
turbocharger outlet and the signal pin and converts this to a temperature
Low Source.
the catalyst unit inlet in value.
the exhaust system.
The catalyst inlet

temperature #1 sensor is The exhaust gas temperature #1 sensor is used
Exhaust Gas located in the by the electronic control module (ECM) to
Temperature 1 — aftertreatment system. It monitor the engine exhaust temperature entering
Abnormal Rate of is located between the the catalyst unit. The ECM monitors the voltage
Change turbocharger outlet and on the signal pin and converts this to a
the catalyst unit inlet in temperature value.
the exhaust system.
The exhaust gas

Exhaust Gas
located in the by the electronic control module (ECM) to
Temperature 1 —
aftertreatment system. It monitor the engine exhaust temperature entering
Data Erratic,
is located between the the catalyst unit. The ECM monitors the voltage
Intermittent, or
turbocharger outlet and on the signal pin and converts this to a
Incorrect
the catalyst unit inlet in temperature value.
the exhaust system.
The exhaust gas

Exhaust Gas temperature #1 sensor is The exhaust gas temperature #1 sensor is used
Temperature 1 — located in the by the electronic control module (ECM) to
Data Valid but Above aftertreatment system. It monitor the engine exhaust temperature entering
Normal Operational is located between the the catalyst unit. The ECM monitors the voltage
Range — Least turbocharger outlet and on the signal pin and converts this to a
Severe Level the catalyst unit inlet in temperature value.
the exhaust system.
The catalyst outlet The catalyst outlet temperature sensor is used

Exhaust Gas temperature sensor is by the electronic control module (ECM) to
Temperature 2 Circuit located in the monitor the engine exhaust temperature entering
— Voltage Above aftertreatment system. It the catalyst unit. The ECM monitors the voltage
Normal, or Shorted to is located in the outlet of on the signal pin and converts this to a
Low Source the aftertreatment temperature value.
catalyst unit.
The catalyst outlet

The catalyst outlet temperature sensor is used
Exhaust Gas temperature sensor is
Temperature 2 Circuit located in the
monitor the engine exhaust temperature exiting
— Voltage Below aftertreatment system. It
the catalyst unit. The ECM monitors the voltage
Normal, or Shorted to is located in the outlet of
on the signal pin and converts this to a
Low Source the aftertreatment
temperature value.
catalyst unit.
The catalyst inlet

Exhaust Gas located in the by the electronic control module (ECM) to
Temperature 2 — aftertreatment system. It monitor the engine exhaust temperature entering
Abnormal Rate of is located between the the catalyst unit. The ECM monitors the voltage
Change turbocharger exhaust and on the signal pin and converts this to a
the catalyst unit exhaust temperature value.
in the exhaust system.
The exhaust gas

The exhaust gas temperature #2 sensor is used
temperature #2 sensor is
Exhaust Gas located in the
monitor the engine exhaust temperature entering
Temperature 2— Data aftertreatment system. It
the catalyst unit. The ECM monitors the voltage
Erratic, Intermittent, or is located between the
on the signal pin and converts this to a
Incorrect turbocharger outlet and
temperature value. This sensor is also called the
the catalyst unit outlet in
catalyst outlet temperature sensor.
the exhaust system.
Exhaust Gas The exhaust gas

Temperature Sensor temperature sensor will The exhaust gas temperature sensor provides
Number 1 Circuit - be located near the inlet the exhaust gas temperature to the exhaust gas
Data Erratic, to the exhaust catalyst. treatment monitor unit through the exhaust gas
Intermittent, or The location will vary treatment monitor harness.
Incorrect. depending on application.

Voltage Above to the exhaust catalyst. treatment monitor unit through the exhaust gas
Normal, or Shorted to The location will vary treatment monitor harness.
High Source depending on application.

Voltage Below to the exhaust catalyst. treatment monitor unit through the exhaust gas
Normal, or Shorted to The location will vary treatment monitor harness.
Low Source depending on application.
The exhaust pressure The exhaust pressure is used by the electronic

Exhaust Pressure
sensor is located above control module (ECM) to monitor the engine
Sensor Circuit - Data
the EGR cooler, on the exhaust pressure. This information is used by
exhaust side of the the ECM to control emissions and EGR valve
Incorrect
engine. operation.
The primary engine broadcasts the engine

External Speed
The J1939 datalink speed control message over the J1939 datalink
Command Input
connections are part of to all secondary engines. Jumper wires are used
(Multiple Unit
the OEM harness. to configure an engine as a primary engine or as
Synchronication) -
Location of the J1939 a secondary engine. Only one engine can be
Data Erratic,
harness will vary by the configured as the primary engine. Up to five
Intermittent, or
OEM. engines can be configured as secondary
Incorrect
engines on the same J1939 datalink.

signal to the fan control solenoid to turn the
engine fan on and off. There are two types of
fans supported by this signal, variable speed
Fan Control Circuit -
and ON/OFF. The INSITE™ electronic service
Voltage Above Normal The fan clutch solenoid
tool can be used to determine which fan type is
or Shorted to High location varies by OEM.
currently set up for use. The fan control circuit
Source
varies by OEM. Certain OEMs may use a
solenoid return that is wired to the ECM or may
use a return that goes to engine block or chassis
ground.

signal to the fan control solenoid to turn the
engine fan on and off. There are two types of
fans supported by this signal; variable speed
Fan Control Circuit -
and ON/OFF. The INSITE™ electronic service
Voltage Below Normal The control solenoid
tool can be used to determine which fan type is
or Shorted to Low location varies by OEM.
currently set up for use. The fan control circuit
Source
varies by OEM. Certain OEM's may use a
solenoid return that is wired to the ECM or may
use a return that goes to engine block or chassis
ground.
The fuel pressure control loop relies on fuel

pressure supplied to the high-pressure pump by
the electric lift pump and low-pressure pump.
The electronic control module (ECM) monitors
Fuel Inlet Meter The electronic fuel control rail fuel pressure and engine operating
Device - Data Valid actuator is located on the conditions and changes the flow command to
but Above Normal fuel pump. 100-002 maintain the proper rail fuel pressure. Changes
Operational Range - (Engine Diagrams) in to the flow command result in opening (or
Moderately Severe Section E for a detailed closing) of the electric fuel control actuator to
Level component location view. supply more (or less) fuel to the high-pressure
pump. The fuel flow circuit includes, in the
following order of fuel flow: Fuel tank OEM fuel
supply line OEM 300 micron filter ECM cooling
plate Electric lift pump Fuel filter Gear pump
Electronic fuel control actuator High-pressure
fuel pump Fuel rail (includes rail pressure relief

valve and pressure sensor) High-pressure fuel
lines High-pressure fuel connectors (HPCs)
Injectors Return to tank.
Fuel Inlet Meter The electronic control module (ECM) monitors

Device Flow Demand engine-operating conditions, including the
The electronic fuel control
Lower Than Expected reading of rail fuel pressure, and changes the
actuator is installed on
- Data Valid but Below flow command to either increase (OPEN the
the high-pressure fuel
Normal Operational electronic fuel control actuator) or decrease
pump.
Range - Moderately (CLOSE the electronic fuel control actuator) the
Severe Level fuel supply to the high-pressure pump.

the electric lift pump and low-pressure gear
pump. The ECM monitors rail fuel pressure and
engine operating conditions and changes the
flow command to maintain the proper rail fuel
Fuel Pump Delivery
pressure. Changes to the flow command result
Pressure - Data Valid The fuel pump is located
in opening (or closing) of the fuel pump actuator
But Below Normal at the rear of the engine,
to supply more (or less) fuel to the high-pressure
Operational Range - on the intake side of the
pump. The fuel flow circuit includes, in the
Moderately Severe engine.
following order of fuel flow: Fuel tank OEM fuel
Level
supply line OEM filter ECM cooling plate Electric
lift pump Fuel filter Gear pump Fuel pump
actuator High-pressure fuel pump Rail fuel
(includes fuel pressure relief valve and pressure
sensor) High-pressure fuel lines High-pressure
fuel connectors Injectors Return to tank.

Fuel Pump Delivery
engine operating conditions, including the
Pressure - Data Valid The electronic fuel control
reading of rail fuel pressure, and changes the
but Above Normal actuator is installed on
flow command either to increase (OPEN the
Operational Range - the high-pressure fuel
electronic fuel control actuator) or to decrease
Moderately Severe pump.
(CLOSE the electronic fuel control actuator) the
Level
fuel supply to the high-pressure pump.

Fuel Pump Delivery
Pressure High - Data The fuel pump actuator is
reading of fuel rail pressure, and changes the
Valid but Above installed in the adapter on
flow command to either increase (open the fuel
Normal Operational the back of the high-
pump actuator) or decrease (close the fuel pump
Range - Moderately pressure pump.
actuator) the fuel supply to the high pressure
Severe Level
pump.

the electric lift pump and low-pressure pump.
The ECM monitors rail fuel pressure and engine
operating conditions and changes the flow
command to maintain the proper rail fuel

in opening (or closing) of the electronic fuel
control actuator to supply more (or less) fuel to
Fuel Pump Delivery The fuel pump is located the high-pressure pump. The fuel flow circuit
Pressure Low - Data at the rear of the engine, includes, in the following order of fuel flow: Fuel
Valid but Below on the intake side of the tank OEM fuel supply line OEM 300-micron filter
Normal Operational engine. Use the foolowing ECM cooling plate Electric lift pump Fuel filter
Range - Moderately procedure for a detailed Gear pump Electronic fuel control actuator High-
Severe Level component location view. pressure fuel pump Rail fuel (includes fuel
pressure relief dump valve and pressure sensor)
High-pressure fuel lines High-pressure fuel
connectors Injectors Return to tank.
The pressure control loop relies on fuel pressure

supplied to the high-pressure pump by the fuel
gear pump. The electronic control module (ECM)
monitors rail fuel pressure and engine operating
conditions and changes the flow command to
maintain the proper rail fuel pressure. Changes
to the flow command result in opening (or
closing) of the fuel pump actuator to supply more
Fuel Pump Delivery (or less) fuel to the high-pressure pump. The fuel
Pressure Low - Data The high-pressure fuel flow circuit includes, in the following order: OEM
Valid but Below pump is mounted to the fuel tank OEM fuel supply line Water stripping
Normal Operational gear housing on the fuel filter (10 micron, water stripping, suction
Range - Moderately intake side of the engine. side fuel filter) Engine mounted OEM fuel
Severe Level connection Fuel supply tube to ECM cooling
plate ECM cooling plate Fuel supply tube to the
low-pressure gear pump Fuel supply tube to the
pressure-side fuel filter Primary fuel filter (3
micron pressure-side fuel filter) Fuel supply tube
to the high-pressure pump High-pressure pump
High-pressure system (including fuel rail and fuel
rail pressure relief valve), injectors, and high-
pressure lines.
The fuel pump contains two barrel and plunger

assemblies; each barrel and plunger assembly
utilizes an inlet and outlet check valve. Fuel at
gear pump pressure is metered through the fuel
Fuel Pump The fuel pump is located
pump actuator and unseats one of the two inlet
Pressurizing on the backside of the
check valves as the fuel at gear pump pressure
Assembly 1 - gear housing. The barrel
enters the pumping chamber. As the pumping
Mechanical System and plunger and check
plunger begins its upward motion, the pressure
Not Responding valve assemblies are part
in the pumping chamber increases rapidly and
Properly or Out of of the fuel pump head
the inlet check valve is closed. As pressure
Adjustment sub-assembly.
reaches accumulator pressure, the outlet check
valve is opened. As the plunger travels upward,
fuel exits past the outlet check valve and
pressurizes the fuel rail.
The fuel pump contains two barrel and plunger

assemblies; each barrel and plunger assembly
utilizes an inlet and outlet check valve. Fuel at
The fuel pump is located gear pump pressure is metered through the fuel
on the backside of the pump actuator and unseats one of the two inlet
gear housing. The barrel check valves as the fuel at gear pump pressure
Fuel Pumping and plunger and check enters the pumping chamber. As the pumping
Element Number 1 valve assemblies are part plunger begins its upward motion, the pressure
(Front) - Mechanical of the fuel pump head in the pumping chamber increases rapidly and
System Not sub-assembly. the inlet check valve is closed. As pressure
Responding Properly reaches accumulator pressure, the outlet check
or Out of Adjustment valve is opened. As the plunger travels upward,
fuel exits past the outlet check valve and
pressurizes the fuel rail.
The circuit is a pulse width modulation driver in

the electronic control module (ECM) that
controls the electronic fuel control actuator. The
actuator is grounded in the ECM. The ECM
The fuel pump actuator varies the current to this valve to provide the
Fueling Actuator
valve is located on the correct fuel flow to the high-pressure pump
Number 1 Circuit Error
engine-mounted fuel based on engine operating conditions. The
Conditions Exists
pump housing. electronic fuel control actuator valve is a
normally open valve. High circuit resistance may
cause fuel pressure to be higher than
commanded at light loads and Fault Code 2216
may be logged.
The circuit is a pulse width modulated (PWM)

The electronic fuel control driver in the Electronic Control Module (ECM)
actuator is located on that controls the electronic fuel control actuator.
High Fuel Pressure engine-mounted fuel The actuator is grounded in the ECM. The
Solenoid Valve Circuit pump housing. The actuator is a normally open. Pulse width
- Voltage Above engine wiring harness modulation (PWM) duty cycle to the electronic
Normal or Shorted to and the ECM are other fuel control actuator depends on the difference
High Source components in the circuit between desired rail pressure and sensed rail
that can cause this fault pressure. Duty cycle will also decrease
code. (electronic fuel control actuator opens) as fueling
increases.
The fuel pump actuator is

located on engine- The circuit is a Pulse With Modulation (PWM)
High Fuel Pressure mounted fuel pump driver in the Electronic Control Module (ECM)
Solenoid Valve Circuit housing. The engine that controls the fuel pump actuator. The
- Voltage Above wiring harness and the actuator is grounded in the ECM. The actuator is
Normal or Shorted to ECM are other normally open. PWM duty cycle to the fuel pump
High Source components in the circuit actuator depends on the difference between
that can cause this fault desired rail pressure and sensed rail pressure.
code. See Procedure
The electronic fuel control The circuit is a pulse width modulated (PWM)
High Fuel Pressure actuator is located on the driver in the Electronic Control Module (ECM)
Solenoid Valve Circuit engine-mounted fuel that controls the electronic fuel control actuator.
- Voltage Below pump housing. The The actuator is grounded in the ECM. The
Normal or Shorted to engine wiring harness actuator is normally open. Pulse width
Low Source and the ECM are other modulation (PWM) duty cycle to the electronic
components in the circuit fuel control actuator depends on the difference
that can cause this fault between desired rail pressure and sensed rail
code. pressure.
The circuit is a pulse width modulated (PWM)

The fuel pump actuator is
driver in the Electronic Control Module (ECM)
located on the engine-
High Fuel Pressure that controls the electronic fuel control actuator.
mounted fuel pump. The
Solenoid Valve Circuit The actuator is grounded in the ECM. The
engine siring harness and
- Voltage Below actuator is normally open. Pulse width
the ECM are other
Normal or Shorted to modulation (PWM) duty cycle to the electronic
components in the circuit
Low Source fuel control actuator depends on the difference
that can cause this fault
between desired rail pressure and sensed rail
code
pressure.
The fuel pressure sensor contains supply,

The fuel pressure sensor
Injector Metering Rail signal, and return pins. The ECM provides +5
is located in the rail fuel
1 Pressure - Data VDC to the fuel pressure sensor. This +5 VDC
on the air intake side of
Erratic, Intermittent, or power supply is a shared supply. Other sensors
the engine. See
Incorrect on this circuit are the intake manifold pressure
Procedure
sensor, backup engine position sensor.
The fuel pressure sensor contains supply,

signal, and return pins. The electronic control
Injector Metering Rail The fuel pressure sensor
module (ECM) provides +5 VDC to the fuel
1 Pressure - Data is located in the rail fuel
pressure sensor. This +5 VDC power supply is a
Erratic, Intermittent, or on the air intake side of
shared supply. Other sensors on this circuit are
Incorrect the engine.
the intake manifold pressure sensor and backup
engine position sensor.

Injector Metering Rail
1 Pressure - Data The fuel pump actuator is
reading of fuel rail pressure, and changes the
Valid but Above installed in the adapter on
flow command to either increase (open the fuel
Normal Operational the back of the high-
pump actuator) or decrease (close the fuel pump
Range - Moderately pressure pump.
actuator) the fuel supply to the high pressure
Severe Level
pump.
The pressure control loop relies on fuel pressure

supplied to the high-pressure pump by the fuel
gear pump. The electronic control module (ECM)
monitors rail fuel pressure and engine operating
conditions and changes the flow command to
maintain the proper rail fuel pressure. Changes
Injector Metering Rail to the flow command result in opening (or
1 Pressure - Data The high-pressure fuel closing) of the fuel pump actuator to supply more
Valid but Below pump is mounted to the (or less) fuel to the high-pressure pump. The fuel
Normal Operational gear housing on the flow circuit includes, in the following order: OEM
Range - Moderately intake side of the engine. fuel tank OEM fuel supply line Water stripping
Severe Level fuel filter (10 micron, water stripping, suction
side fuel filter) Engine mounted OEM fuel
connection Fuel supply tube to ECM cooling
plate ECM cooling plate Fuel supply tube to the
low-pressure gear pump Fuel supply tube to the
pressure-side fuel filter Primary fuel filter (3
micron pressure-side fuel filter) Fuel supply tube
to the high-pressure pump High-pressure pump

High-pressure system (including fuel rail and fuel
rail pressure relief valve), injectors, and high-
pressure lines.
The ECM monitors rail fuel pressure and engine

operating conditions and changes the flow
1 Pressure - Data
command to maintain the proper rail fuel
Valid but Below
Normal Operational
in opening (or closing) or the fuel pump actuator
Range - Most Severe
is supply more (or less) fuel to the high pressure
Level
pump.

engine-operating conditions, including the
Number 1 Pressure -
The electric fuel control reading of rail fuel pressure, and changes the
valve is installed on the flow command to either increase (OPEN the
Normal Operating
high-pressure fuel pump. electric fuel control valve) or decrease (CLOSE
Range - Most Severe
the electric fuel control valve) the fuel supply to
Level
the high-pressure pump.

engine-operating conditions, including the
Number 1 Pressure -
The fuel pump actuator is reading of rail fuel pressure, and changes the
installed on the high- flow command to either increase (OPEN the fuel
Normal Operating
pressure fuel pump. pump actuator) or decrease (CLOSE the fuel
Range - Most Severe
pump actuator) the fuel supply to the high-
Level
pressure pump.
The fuel pressure sensor is used by the

Number 1 Pressure
fuel pressure in the fuel rail. The sensor gets +5-
Sensor Circuit - The fuel pressure sensor
VDC from the ECM and is grounded by a return
Voltage Above Normal is installed in the fuel rail.
pin. A third pin is the signal pin. The power and
or Shorted to High
return pins are shared with other devices on the
Source
engine.
The fuel pressure sensor is used by the

Number 1 Pressure
fuel pressure in the fuel rail. The sensor gets +5
Sensor Circuit - The fuel pressure sensor
VDC from the ECM and is grounded by a return
Voltage Below Normal is installed in the fuel rail.
pin. A third pin is the signal pin. The power and
or Shorted to Low
return pins are shared with other devices on the
Source
engine.
Between each injection event, the electronic

control module (ECM) attempts to recharge the
Injector Power Supply The injector power supply injector power supply. The injector power supply
- Bad Intelligent is located inside the consists of a bank of capacitors; this power
Device or Component ECM. supply is maintained at high voltage. Recharging
is accomplished by recovering energy stored in
the injector solenoids. For the injector power
supply to remain fully charged, there must be

good ECM battery power and ground, a good
engine speed sensor, and good injector circuits.
Injector Solenoid The electronic control module (ECM) can detect

The fuel injector is
Driver Cylinder 1 - when unintended fuel injection occurs by
located in the cylinder
Mechanical System monitoring fuel rail pressure and engine speed.
head. 100-002 for a
Not Responding This fault code is logged when the ECM
detailed component
Properly or Out of determines that unintended fuel injection has
location view.
Adjustment occurred.
The engine harness

connects the ECM to The injector solenoid valves control fueling
three injector circuit pass- quantity and injection timing. The ECM
through connectors that energizes the solenoid by closing a high-side
are located in the rocker and a low-side switch. There are two high-side
Injector Solenoid housing. Internal injector switches and six low-side switches inside the
Driver Cylinder 1 harnesses are located ECM. The injectors for cylinders 1, 2, and 3
Circuit - Current under the valve cover and (front bank) share a single high-side switch that
Below Normal, or connect the injectors to connects the injector circuit to the source of high
Open Circuit the engine harness at the voltage inside the ECM. Likewise, the injectors
pass-through connectors. for cylinders 4, 5, and 6 (rear bank) also share a
Each pass-through single high-side switch. Each injector circuit has
connector provides power a dedicated low-side switch that completes the
and return to two circuit path to ground inside the ECM.
injectors.

head.
The engine harness

injectors.

Driver Cylinder 3 - The fuel injector is when unintended fuel injection occurs by
Mechanical System located in the cylinder monitoring fuel rail pressure and engine speed.
Not Responding head. This fault code is logged when the ECM
The engine harness

injectors.

head.
The engine harness

Below Normal or connect the injectors to connects the injector circuit to the source of high
injectors.

head.
The engine harness


housing. Internal injector switches and six low-side switches inside the
harnesses are located ECM. The injectors for cylinders 1, 2, and 3
Injector Solenoid
under the valve cover and (front bank) share a single high-side switch that
Driver Cylinder 5
connect the injectors to connects the injector circuit to the source of high
Circuit - Current
the engine harness at the voltage inside the ECM. Likewise, the injectors
Below Normal, or
Open Circuit
injectors.

head.
The engine harness

injectors.
The intake air heater is The intake air heater improves starting and white
Intake Air Heater #1
located at the air inlet smoke control in cold ambient conditions. The
Circuit - Voltage
connection into the intake ECM controls relays that switch power to the
Above Normal or
manifold. The location of intake air heater. 12-volt systems will have two
Shorted to High
the intake air heater relays while 24-volt systems only require one
Source
relays will vary by OEM. relay.
The intake air heater is The intake air heater improves starting and white
Intake Air Heater #1
located at the air inlet smoke control in cold ambient conditions. The
Circuit - Voltage
connection into the intake ECM controls relays that switch power to the
Below Normal or
manifold. The location of intake air heater. 12-volt systems will have two
Shorted to Low
the intake air heater relays while 24-volt systems only require one
Source
relays will vary by OEM. relay.
Intake Manifold 1
Pressure - Data Valid The intake manifold pressure sensor is used by
but Above Normal the ECM to monitor the engine intake manifold
Operational Range - pressure.

Moderately Severe
Level
Intake Manifold 1 The intake manifold air temperature sensor

Temperature - Data The intake manifold air monitors intake manifold air temperature and
Valid but Above temperature sensor is passes information to the electronic control
Normal Operational located in the air intake module (ECM) through the engine harness. If
Range - Moderately manifold. the intake manifold air temperature becomes too
Severe Level high, it will cause a derate condition.
The intake manifold air temperature sensor

monitors intake manifold air temperature and
Intake Manifold 1
passes information to the Electronic Control
Temperature - Data The intake manifold air
Module (ECM) through the engine harness. If
Valid but Above temperature sensor is
the intake manifold air temperature becomes too
Normal Operational located in the air intake
high, it will cause a derate condition. If engine
Range - Most Severe manifold.
protection is enabled, the engine will shut down
Level
30 seconds after the red lamp starts flashing. No
derate condition occurs for marine engines.
Intake Manifold 1
The intake manifold air temperature sensor
Temperature - Data The intake manifold air
monitors intake manifold air temperature and
Valid but Above temperature sensor is
passes information to the Electronic Control
Normal Operational located in the air intake
Module (ECM) through the engine harness. No
Range - Most Severe manifold.
derate condition occurs for marine engines.
Level
The engine intake manifold temperature sensor

The engine intake
is used by the electronic control module (ECM)
manifold temperature
Intake Manifold 1 to monitor the engine intake manifold
Temperature — temperature. The ECM monitors the voltage on
air intake manifold. 100-
Abnormal Rate of the signal pin and converts this to a temperature
002 (Engine Diagrams) in
Change value. The engine intake manifold temperature
Section E for a detailed
value is used by the ECM for the engine
component location view.
protection system and engine emission control.
The engine intake manifold temperature sensor

The engine intake
is used by the electronic control module (ECM)
manifold temperature
Intake Manifold 1 to monitor the engine intake manifold
Temperature — Data temperature. The ECM monitors the voltage on
air intake manifold. 100-
Erratic, Intermittent, or the signal pin and converts this to a temperature
002 (Engine Diagrams) in
Incorrect value. The engine intake manifold temperature
section E for a detailed
value is used by the ECM for the engine
component location view.
protection system and engine emission control.
Intake Manifold Air

Pressure/Temperature The intake manifold air The intake manifold air temperature sensor
Sensor Circuit - temperature sensor is monitors intake manifold air temperature and
Voltage Below Normal located in the air intake passes information to the electronic control
or Shorted to Low manifold. module (ECM) through the engine harness.
Source
Intake Manifold Air The intake manifold air temperature sensor

Temperature Sensor The intake manifold air monitors intake manifold air temperature and
Circuit - Voltage temperature sensor is passes information to the electronic control
Above Normal or located in the air intake module (ECM) through the engine harness. If
Shorted to High manifold. the intake manifold air temperature becomes too
Source high, it will cause a derate condition.
The intake manifold

pressure/temperature, 1
air intake manifold. The
Intake Manifold The intake manifold pressure sensor monitors
barometric pressure
Pressure Sensor intake manifold pressure and passes information
sensor can be externally
Circuit - Data Erratic, to the ECM through the engine harness. If the
mounted on the engine or
Intermittent, or intake manifold pressure becomes too low or too
can be an internal
Incorrect high, it will cause a fault code.
component within the
ECM. Check the engine
wiring diagram for circuit
details.
The intake manifold

The intake manifold pressure sensor monitors
pressure sensor is
intake manifold pressure and passes information
Intake Manifold located on the intake air
to the electronic control module (ECM) through
Pressure Sensor manifold, behind the
the engine harness. This value is one of the
Circuit - Data Incorrect intake air horn. 100-002
many inputs used by the ECM to determine the
for a detailed component
correct air/fuel ratio for proper engine operation.
location view.

Intake Manifold
Pressure Sensor The intake manifold
the engine harness. If the intake manifold
Circuit - Voltage pressure sensor is
pressure becomes too high, it will cause a
Above Normal or located in the air intake
derate condition on automotive applications. For
Shorted to High horn.
marine applications, no derate condition occurs.
Source
There is no engine protection for a circuit or
sensor failure.

Intake Manifold
Pressure Sensor The intake manifold
the engine harness. On automotive applications,
Circuit - Voltage pressure sensor is
if the intake manifold pressure becomes too low,
Below Normal or located in the air intake
it will cause a derate condition. For marine
Shorted to Low horn.
applications, no derate condition occurs. There
Source
is no engine protection for a circuit or sensor
failure.
Intake Manifold The intake manifold air The intake manifold air temperature sensor
Temperature High - temperature sensor is monitors intake manifold air temperature and
Data Valid but Above located in the air intake passes information to the electronic control
Normal Operational manifold. module (ECM) through the engine harness. If
Range - Least Severe the intake manifold air temperature becomes too
Level high, it will cause a derate condition.
Komnet Datalink
Cannot Transmit - The Cummins electronic control module (ECM)
Data Erratic, communicates to the OEM data link network
Intermittent, or using the J1939 data link protocol.
Incorrect
The multi-unit synchronization feature uses an

Multiple Unit
ON/OFF switch and a complementary switch.
Synchronization The multi-unit
The complementary switch is used by the ECM
Switch - Data Erratic, synchronization switch is
to determine the type of coupling (hard or soft) to
Intermittent, or mounted by the OEM.
use between multiple engines when multi-unit
Incorrect
synchronization switch is engaged.
Oil Pressure Sensor The engine oil pressure sensor is used by the
The engine oil pressure
Circuit - Voltage electronic control module (ECM) to monitor the
Above Normal, or lubricating oil pressure. The ECM monitors the
left side of the engine
Shorted to High voltage on the signal pin and converts this to a
block.
Source pressure value.
Above Normal, or lubricating oil pressure. The ECM monitors the
Shorted to High voltage on the signal pin and converts this to a
block.
Below Normal or lubricating oil pressure. The ECM monitors the
Shorted to Low voltage on the signal pin and converts this to a
block.
Below Normal, or lubricating oil pressure. The ECM monitors the
Shorted to Low voltage on the signal pin and converts this to a
block.
The engine oil pressure The engine oil pressure switch is used by the
Oil Pressure Switch
switch is located on the electronic control module (ECM) to monitor the
Sensor Circuit - Data
intake side of the engine, lubricating oil pressure. If the oil pressure drops
Erratic, Intermittent or
on the block, below the below the engine protection limit, the switch will
Incorrect
fuel filter. open and cause Fault Code 435 to log.

the battery by the OEM
power harness through The ECM receives constant voltage from the
Power Lost Without the ECM battery supply batteries through the unswitched battery wires
Ignition Off - Data stub. This provides a that are connected directly to the positive (+)
Erratic, Intermittent, or constant power supply for battery post. The ECM receives switched battery
Incorrect the ECM. The location of input through the vehicle keyswitch wire when
the battery will vary with the vehicle keyswitch is turned ON.
the OEM.

the battery by the original
equipment manufacturer The electronic control module (ECM) receives
(OEM) power harness constant voltage from the batteries through the
Power Lost without
through the ECM battery unswitched battery wires that are connected
Ignition Off - Data
supply stub. This directly to the positive (+) battery post. The ECM
provides a constant receives switched battery input through the
Incorrect
power supply for the vehicle keyswitch wire when the vehicle
ECM. The location of the keyswitch is turned ON.
battery will vary with the
OEM.

the battery by the OEM
Power Supply Lost power harness through
With Ignition On - the ECM battery supply
Data Erratic, stub. This provides a
keyswitch is turned ON. This fault code will be
Intermittent or constant power supply for
logged if a battery disconnect switch is used in
Incorrect the ECM. The location of
the battery circuit to stop the engine. This fault
the battery will vary with
code will also log if a battery disconnect switch is
the OEM.
opened within 10 seconds of turning the
keyswitch OFF.
The immobilizer anti-theft device is connected to

the primary engine Electronic Control Module
The engine ECM is
(ECM) through a J1939 datalink network.
Proprietary Datalink Messages sent from the immobilizer anti-theft
of the engine. The J1939
Error (OEM/Vehicle device are received by the Cummins engine
datalink wiring and
Datalink) — Abnormal ECM and used for controlling the anti-theft
location of OEM installed
Update Rate. features. The Cummins ECM and immobilizer
J1939 devices varies by
anti-theft device must be configured properly so
OEM.
that proper operation of the multiplexed
components will occur.
Under ordinary operating conditions, the real-

Real-Time Clock The real-time clock time clock in the electronic control module
Power Interrupt - Data battery is secured to the (ECM) is powered by the vehicle's batteries. If
Erratic, Intermittent or engine harness near the battery power to the ECM is lost, then the real-
Incorrect ECM. time clock will be powered by a battery in the
engine harness (if equipped).
Recirculation Exhaust The EGR temperature sensor is used to

The EGR temperature
Gas Temperature measure the temperature of the exhaust gas that
Sensor Circuit - exits the EGR cooler. The electronic control
intake air horn at the front
Voltage Below Normal module (ECM) uses this temperature to control
of the engine.
or Shorted to Low the emission levels of the engine.
Source
Remote Accelerator
Pedal or Lever The remote accelerator pedal or lever provides
Position Sensor 1 The remote accelerator the operators accelerator command to the
Circuit - Voltage pedal or lever location electronic control module (ECM) through the
Above Normal, or varies with each OEM. OEM harness. The ECM uses this signal to
shorted to High determine the fueling command.
Source
Remote Accelerator
Pedal or Lever The remote accelerator pedal or lever provides
Position Sensor 1 The remote accelerator the opertors accelerator command to the
Circuit - Voltage pedal or lever location electronic control module (ECM) through the
Below Normal, or varies with each OEM. OEM harness. The ECM uses this signal to
Shorted to Low determine the fueling command.
Source
Devices such as automatic braking system

controllers, autoshift transmissions, vehicle
electronic control module (ECM), automatic slip
reduction systems, electronic displays, electronic
information systems, electronic service tools,
SAE J1587/J1922 The J1587/J1922 data and Vehicle Electronic Control Units can
Data Link - Can Not link connector is located communicate with the ECM over the
Transmit on the OEM harness. J1587/J1922 data link. Messages sent from the
devices are received by the ECM and used for
controlling the engine. The ECM also transmits
information to these devices over the
J1587/J1922 data link on the 50-pin OEM
harness.
Devices such as automatic braking system

controllers, autoshift transmissions, vehicle
The ECM is located on electronic control module (ECM), automatic slip
the intake side of the reduction systems, electronic displays, electronic
engine, near the front. information systems, electronic service tools,
SAE J1939 Data Link
The J1939 data link and vehicle electronic control unit(s) can
- Cannot Transmit
wiring and the SAE J1939 communicate with the ECM over the J1939 data
devices vary by OEM link. Messages sent from the devices are
options. received by the ECM and used for controlling the
engine. The ECM also transmits information to
these devices over the J1939 data link.
Devices such as ABS controllers, autoshift

The ECM is located on transmissions, ASR systems, electronic
the intake side of the displays, electronic information systems,
SAE J1939 Datalink - engine, near the front. electronic service tools, and VECUs can
Abnormal Update The SAE J1939 data link communicate with the ECM over the SAE J1939
Rate wiring and the SAE J1939 data link. Messages sent from the devices are
devices vary by OEM received by the ECM and used for controlling the
options. engine. The ECM also transmits information to
these devices over the SAE J1939 data link.
Normally, switches, accelerators, and other

components are connected to the engine ECM
directly through individual wires. Multiplexing
allows those same components to be hard wired
to an OEM Vehicle Electronic Control Unit
(VECU) or Transmission ECU in the cab. Then
SAE J1939
The engine ECM is component values and states from components
Multiplexing
located on the intake side (such as sensors, accelerators, and switches)
of the engine. The J1939 can be transmitted from the OEM VECU to the
Lever Sensor System
datalink wiring and VECU Cummins engine ECM over the SAE J1939
Error - Received
location varies by OEM. datalink. Messages sent from OEM VECU's or
Network Data Error
Transmissions ECU's are received by the
Cummins engine ECM and used for controlling
the engine. The Cummins ECM and OEM
VECU's must be configured properly so that
proper operation of the multiplexed components
will occur.
Normally, switches, accelerators and other

(VECU) or Transmission ECU in the cab, or a
System Intergration Module (SIM) in marine
SAE J1939 applications. Then component values and states
The engine ECM is
Multiplexing from components such as sensors, accelerators
Configuration Error - and switches can be transmitted from the OEM
of the engine.
Out of Calibration VECU or SIM to the Cummins® engine ECM
over the SAE J1939 data link. Messages sent
from OEM VECUs, Transmission ECUs. or SIM
are received by the Cummins® engine ECM and
used for controlling the engine. The Cummins®
ECM and OEM VECU(s) must be configured
properly so that proper operation of the
multiplexed components will occur.
Note: Any reference to VECU may be

considered as SIM in marine applications.
Normally, switches, accelerators and other
SAE J1939 (VECU) or Transmission ECU in the cab, or a
Multiplexing PGN The engine ECM is System Integration Module (SIM) in marine
Timeout Error - located on the intake side applications. As a result, component values and
Abnormal Update of the engine. states from components such as sensors,
Rate accelerators and switches can be transmitted
from the OEM VECU or SIM to the Cummins®
engine ECM over the SAE J1939 data link.
Messages sent from OEM VECUs or
Transmission ECUs, or SIMs are received by the
Cummins® engine ECM and used for controlling
the engine. The Cummins® ECM and OEM
VECUs must be configured properly, so that

will occur.
Normally, switches, accelerators, and other

(VECU) or Transmission ECU in the cab. Then
SAE J1939
The engine ECM is component values and states from components
Multiplexing Remote
located on the intake side (such as sensors, accelerators, and switches)
of the engine. The J1939 can be transmitted from the OEM VECU to the
Lever Data Error -
datalink wiring and VECU Cummins engine ECM over the SAE J1939
Received Network
location varies by OEM. datalink. Messages sent from OEM VECU's or
Data Error
Transmissions ECU's are received by the
Cummins engine ECM and used for controlling
the engine. The Cummins ECM and OEM
VECU's must be configured properly so that
will occur.
The sensor supply number 2 pin of the electronic

Sensor Supply 2
control module (ECM) provides +5 VDC for the
Circuit - Voltage Sensor supply voltage
camshaft engine position sensor, intake manifold
Above Normal or number 2 is located
pressure sensor, and rail fuel pressure sensor.
Shorted to High inside the ECM.
ISB and QSB5.9 use a combined intake
Source
manifold pressure/temperature sensor.

Sensor Supply 2
Circuit - Voltage Sensor supply voltage
intake manifold pressure sensor, and rail fuel
Above Normal or number 2 is located
pressure sensor. ISB and QSB5.9 use a
Shorted to High inside the ECM.
combined intake manifold pressure/temperature
Source
sensor.
Sensor Supply 2
Circuit - Voltage The sensor supply
Below Normal, or number 2 is located in the
intake manifold pressure sensor, and rail fuel
Shorted to Low ECM.
pressure sensor.
Source

Sensor Supply 3
is located on the intake The engine speed voltage supply provides +5
Circuit - Voltage
side of the engine VDC for the engine speed sensor. If the supply
Below Normal, or
between number 5 and wire to this sensor is damaged, the sensor will
Shorted to Low
number 6 cylinders at the not work properly.
Source
crankshaft level.
Sensor Supply The accelerator pedal or The electronic control module (ECM) supplies
Voltage 4 Circuit - lever assembly is located the accelerator pedal or lever position sensor
Voltage Above Normal in the cab. with +5 volts.
or Shorted to High
Source
The accelerator pedal or

lever is located in the
Sensor Supply
cab. For Marine The electronic control module (ECM) supplies
Voltage 4 Circuit -
application, the the accelerator with +5 VDC. If the supply circuit
accelerator lever is to the accelerator is damaged, the accelerator
or Shorted to Low
typically located in the will not work correctly.
Source
engine room or at the
helm.
The sensor supply voltage number 1 of the

electronic control module (ECM) provides (+) 5
volt supply for the barometric pressure sensor.
On engines with a variable geometry
turbocharger, this circuit also provides voltage to
the turbocharger speed sensor and the
Sensor Supply The sensor supply
turbocharger position sensor on the engine
Voltage Number 1 number 1 is located in the
harness. This circuit also includes the return of
Circuit - Voltage ECM. The supply voltage
all the sensors listed above, as well as the
Below Normal or is spliced off in the engine
engine coolant temperature and recirculated
Shorted to Low and OEM harness to
exhaust gas temperature sensor. This +5 volt
Source each sensor it supports.
supply also powers three optional OEM sensors.
The three sensors are digital vehicle speed
sensor, remote accelerator sensor, and OEM
pressure sensor. If these three sensors are not
present, the OEM might have wired in other
devices which require a +5 volt source.
Sensor Supply
Voltage Number 2 The sensor supply number 2 pin of the electronic
The sensor supply
Circuit - Voltage control module (ECM) provides +5 VDC for the
number 2 is located in the
Below Normal or camshaft engine position sensor, intake manifold
ECM.
Shorted to Low pressure sensor, and rail fuel pressure sensor.
Source
The sensor supply voltage number 1 of the

Sensor Supply The sensor supply electronic control module (ECM) provides (+) 5
Voltage number 1 number 1 is located in the VDC supply for the barometric pressure sensor
Circuit - Voltage ECM. The supply voltage on the engine harness. This +5 VDC supply also
Above Normal or is spliced off in the engine powers three optional OEM devices. The three
Shorted to High and OEM harness to devices are digital vehicle speed sensor, remote
Source each sensor it supports. accelerator position sensor, and OEM pressure
sensor.
The starter lockout relay is controlled by the

ECM through the starter lockout relay signal
Starter Relay Circuit - circuit. The relay prevents the starter from being
The starter lockout relay
Voltage Above Normal engaged when the engine is running. The relay
is installed by the vehicle
or Shorted to High return circuit is dependent on OEM wiring. It may
OEM.
Source be wired back to the ECM on some vehicles or
wired to chassis or block ground on others.
Consult the OEM wiring diagram for return circuit
details.
The starter lockout relay is controlled by the

electronic control module (ECM) through the
starter lockout relay signal circuit. The relay
Starter Relay Circuit -
The starter lockout relay prevents the starter from being engaged when
is installed by the vehicle the engine is running. The relay return circuit is
or Shorted to Low
OEM. dependent on OEM wiring. It may be wired back
Source
to the ECM on some vehicles or wired to chassis
or block ground on others. Consult the OEM
wiring diagram for return circuit details.
The turbocharger compressor inlet air

Turbocharger #1
The turbocharger temperature sensor is used by the ECM to
Compressor Inlet
compressor inlet air monitor the temperature of the intake air
Temperature Sensor
temperature sensor is temperature coming into the turbocharger. The
Circuit - Voltage
located in the compressor ECM monitors the voltage on the signal pin and
Above Normal or
casing of the converts this to a temperature value. This
Shorted to High
turbocharger. temperature is one of many inputs used by the
Source
ECM to control engine operation and emissions.
Turbocharger 1
Wastegate Control — 100-002 (Engine
The intake manifold pressure sensor is used by
Mechanical System Diagrams) in Section E
the ECM to monitor the engine intake manifold
Not Responding for a detailed component
pressure.
Properly or Out of location view.
Adjustment
The turbocharger
actuator motor is part of The electronic control module (ECM) controls
the turbocharger actuator the turbocharger actuator motor, which changes
Turbocharger Actuator
assembly, which is the airflow of the turbocharger based on various
Motor - Mechanical
located on the exhaust engine operating conditions. The sliding nozzle
System Not
side of the engine and is in the turbocharger is operated by the
Responding Properly
mounted to the bearing turbocharger actuator motor. The actuator is a
housing of the DC motor that receives voltage from the ECM.
turbocharger
The turbocharger
the turbocharger actuator the turbocharger actuator motor, which changes
Turbocharger Actuator assembly, which is the airflow of the turbocharger based on various
Motor Circuit - Current located on the exhaust engine operating conditions. The sliding nozzle
Above Normal side of the engine and is in the turbocharger is operated by the
mounted to the bearing turbocharger actuator motor. The actuator is a
housing of the VDC motor that receives voltage from the ECM.
turbocharger.
There is not a physical The turbocharger compressor outlet air

turbocharger compressor temperature is calculated by the electronic
Turbocharger outlet air temperature control module (ECM). Turbocharger
Compressor Outlet Air sensor in the system. The compressor outlet air temperature is calculated
Temperature turbocharger compressor by the ECM based on engine operating

(Calculated) - Data outlet air temperature is a conditions such as turbocharger compressor
Valid but Above calculation of the inlet air temperature, barometric pressure,
Normal Range temperature of the air turbocharger speed, engine speed, intake
after it is compressed by manifold air temperature, and intake manifold
the turbocharger pressure.
compressor.

turbocharger compressor
outlet temperature sensor
on the engine. The
The turbocharger compressor outlet temperature
is calculated by the electronic control module
outlet temperature is a
Turbocharger (ECM) and based on engine operating
calculation of the
Compressor Outlet conditions such as turbocharger compressor
temperature of the air
Temperature - Data inlet temperature, barometric pressure,
after it is compressed by
Above Normal turbocharger speed, engine speed, intake
the turbocharger but
manifold air temperature, and intake manifold
before Exhaust Gas
pressure.
Recircluation (EGR) is
mixed into the system
and before it enters the
charge air cooler.
The turbocharger compressor inlet air

Turbocharger Number temperature sensor is used by the electronic
The turbocharger
1 Compressor Inlet control module (ECM) to monitor the
compressor inlet air
Temperature Sensor temperature of the intake air temperature
Circuit - Voltage coming into the turbocharger. The ECM monitors
located in the compressor
Below Normal or the voltage on the signal pin and converts this to
casing of the
Shorted to Low a temperature value. This temperature is one of
turbocharger.
Source many inputs used by the ECM to control engine
operation and emissions.
Turbocharger Number
The turbocharger speed sensor is a variable
1 Speed High - Data The turbocharger speed
reluctance speed sensor. It consists of a coil of
Valid but Above sensor is mounted in the
wire and an iron core. The target on the
Normal Operational center housing of the
turbocharger shaft is a ground flat in the center
Range - Moderately turbocharger.
of the shaft.
Severe Level
The electronic control module (ECM) provides

+5 VDC to the turbocharger speed sensor signal
The turbocharger speed
Turbocharger Number pin. Circuitry inside the turbocharger speed
1 Speed High - sensor detects the movement of the
Warning Level turbocharger compressor blades and produces a
housing.
speed signal. This signal is used by the ECM for
engine controls.
Turbocharger Number The turbocharger speed sensor is a variable

1 Speed Low - Data The turbocharger speed reluctance speed sensor. It consists of a coil of
Valid but Below sensor is mounted in the wire and an iron core. A signal is generated as
Normal Operational center housing of the the turbocharger shaft spins. The target on the
Range - Moderately turbocharger. turbocharger shaft is a ground flat in the center

Severe Level of the shaft.
The turbocharger position sensor outputs a

Turbocharger Position The turbocharger position
percentage value, 0 to 100 percent, indicating
Shorted High VGT actuator assembly.
the position of the turbocharger actuator. A fully
closed turbocharger is equivalent to 100 percent.

Turbocharger Position The turbocharger position
percentage value, 0 to 100 percent, indicating
Shorted Low VGT actuator assembly.
turbocharger position. A fully closed
turbocharger is equivalent to 100 percent.

The turbocharger speed
Turbocharger Speed - pin. Circuitry inside the turbocharger speed
Invalid Rate of sensor detects the movement of the
Change Detected turbocharger compressor blades and produces a
housing.
engine controls.
The turbocharger speed sensor is a variable

Turbocharger Speed
The turbocharger speed reluctance speed sensor. It consists of a coil of
Invalid Rate of
sensor is located in the wire and an iron core. A signal is generated as
Change Detected -
center housing of the the turbocharger shaft spins. The target on the
Abnormal Rate of
turbocharger. turbocharger shaft is a ground flat in the center
Change
of the shaft.

Turbocharger Speed The turbocharger speed
pin. Circuitry inside the turbocharger speed
Sensor - Below sensor is located in the
sensor detects the movement of the
Normal Operating turbocharger compressor
turbocharger compressor blades and produces a
Range housing.
engine controls.

exhaust gas temperature
sensor in the system. The
is a calculation of exhaust
gas temperature before
the turbocharger and is
Turbocharger Turbine also known as turbine The exhaust gas temperature is calculated by
Inlet Temperature inlet temperature. NOTE: the electronic control module (ECM). Exhaust
(Calculated) - Data Some OEM's have gas temperature, or turbine inlet temperature, is
Valid but Above pyrometer gauges derived by the electronic control module based
Normal Operational mounted in their chassis. on engine operating conditions such as intake
Range - Least Severe Pyrometers measure manifold air temperature, engine speed, injection
Level turbine outlet temperature timing, intake manifold pressure, and fuel flow.
or the exhaust gas
leaving the turbocharger
and will not equal the
value monitored with the
parameter in INSITE™
electronic service tool.

The turbocharger control
the variable geometry actuator position with the
valve is located on the
VGT Actuator - turbocharger control valve. The turbocharger
fuel pump side of the
Voltage Above Normal control valve controls the air pressure to the
engine. It is mounted
or Shorted to High variable geometry actuator when commanded by
between the number 5
Source the ECM. ECM commands are sent to the
and number 6 fuel lines
control valve through the turbocharger control
on the air intake manifold.
valve signal of the ECM engine harness.

The turbocharger control
the variable geometry actuator position with the
valve is located on the
VGT Actuator - turbocharger control valve. The turbocharger
fuel pump side of the
Voltage Below Normal control valve controls the air pressure to the
engine. It is mounted
or Shorted to Low variable geometry actuator when commanded by
between the number 5
Source the ECM. ECM commands are sent to the
and number 6 fuel lines
control valve through the turbocharger control
on the air intake manifold.
valve signal of the ECM engine harness.
The turbocharger
actuator motor is part of The ECM controls the turbocharger actuator
VGT Actuator Driver the turbocharger actuator motor, which changes the airflow of the
Circuit - Voltage assembly, which is turbocharger based on various engine operating
Above Normal or located on the exhaust conditions. The sliding nozzle in the
Shorted to High side of the engine and is turbocharger is operated by the turbocharger
Source mounted to the bearing actuator motor. The actuator is a DC motor that
housing of the receives voltage from the ECM.
turbocharger.
The turbocharger
VGT Actuator Driver the turbocharger actuator the turbocharger actuator motor, which changes
Circuit - Voltage assembly, which is the airflow of the turbocharger based on various
Below Normal, or located on the exhaust engine operating conditions. The sliding nozzle
Shorted to Low side of the engine and is in the turbocharger is operated by the
Source mounted to the bearing turbocharger actuator motor. The actuator is a
turbocharger.
The turbocharger position The turbocharger position sensor outputs a

VGT Position Sensor -
sensor is located on the voltage signal to the ECM. The ECM converts
Data Erratic,
variable geometry this signal into a percentage value, 0 to 100
Intermittent, or
turbocharger (VGT) percent, indicating turbocharger position. A fully
Incorrect
actuator assembly. closed turbocharger actuator is equivalent to 100
percent.

The turbocharger position
VGT Position Sensor - voltage signal to the ECM. The ECM converts
Data Erratic, this signal into a percentage value, 0 to 100
variable geometry
Intermittent, or percent, indicating turbocharger position. A fully
turbocharger (VGT)
Incorrect closed turbocharger actuataor is equivalent to
actuator assembly.
100 percent.
The electronic control module (ECM) periodically

Variable Geometry The turbocharger position checks and adjusts the zero position of the
Turbocharger Actuator sensor is mounted on the turbocharger position sensor when the
Position Failed turbocharger actuator turbocharger is closed. This self-calibrating
Automatic Calibration assembly on the bearing feature adjusts for wear and unit-to-unit variation
Procedure - Out of housing of the of position sensors and actuator assemblies.
Calibration turbocharger. This fault is logged if the position sensor reading
is outside the calibrated limits.
The turbocharger
Variable Geometry the turbocharger actuator the turbocharger actuator, which changes the
Turbocharger Actuator assembly, which is airflow of the turbocharger based on various
Circuit - Current located on the exhaust engine operating conditions. The sliding nozzle
Below Normal, or side of the engine and is in the turbocharger is operated by the
Open Circuit mounted to the bearing turbocharger actuator motor. The actuator is a
turbocharger.

the turbocharger actuator motor, which changes
the airflow of the turbocharger based on various
The turbocharger engine operating conditions. The sliding nozzle
actuator motor is part of in the turbocharger is operated by the
the turbocharger actuator turbocharger actuator motor. The turbocharger
Variable Geometry assembly, which is actuator motor is a DC motor that receives
Turbocharger Actuator located on the exhaust voltage from the ECM on the turbocharger
Over Temperature side of the engine and is actuator motor signal (+) and turbocharger
mounted to the bearing actuator motor signal (-) circuits. To open the
housing of the sliding nozzle, the motor receives voltage on the
turbocharger. turbocharger actuator motor signal (+) circuit. To
close the sliding nozzle, the motor receives
voltage on the turbocharger actuator motor
signal (-) circuit.
The vehicle speed sensor senses the speed of

Vehicle Speed Sensor
The vehicle speed sensor the tailshaft gear on the vehicle's transmission.
is located in the rear of This speed signal is then transmitted to the
Intermittent or
the vehicle transmission. engine electronic control module (ECM) and
Incorrect
converted into a vehicle speed.
Vehicle Speed Sensor The vehicle speed sensor senses the speed of
Circuit Tampering Has The vehicle speed sensor the tailshaft gear on the vehicle's transmission.
Been Detected - is located in the rear of This speed signal is then transmitted to the
Abnormal Rate of the vehicle transmission. engine electronic control module (ECM) and
Change converted into a vehicle speed.
The water-in-fuel sensor

is integrated into the
bottom of the OEM
supplied suction fuel filter.
The OEM supplied fuel The water-in-fuel sensor is attached to the fuel
Water-In-Fuel
filter is located on the filter. The water-in-fuel sensor sends a signal to
Indicator - Data Valid
intake side of the engine. the ECM when a set volume of water has
but Above Normal
For marine applications accumulated in the fuel filter. The water-in-fuel
Operational Range -
the water-in-fuel sensor is circuit contains two wires: A ground wire and
Least Severe Level
mounted in a filter signal wire.
housing which contains a
serviceable element. The
filter housing location will
vary with each OEM.
In automotive, industrial,
and power generation
applications, the water-in-
fuel sensor is integrated
into the bottom of the
OEM supplied suction
fuel filter. The OEM
supplied fuel filter is
of the engine. For marine
fuel sensor is mounted at
The water-in-fuel sensor is attached the fuel filter
Water-in-Fuel the base of the water/fuel
housing. The ECM monitors the water-in-fuel
Indicator Data Valid separator bowl on the fuel
sensor in order to flag a fault when a set volume
but Above Normal filter housing. This
of water has accumulated in the fuel filter. The
Operational Range - fuel/water separator
water-in-fuel circuit contains two wires, a ground
Least Severe Level housing contains a
wire and a signal wire.
vary with each OEM.
Marine applications utilize
a dual WIF sensor
configuration. This
assembly incorporates a
y-harness with either two
WIF sensors (duplex
filtering) or one WIF
sensor and a terminating
resistor.

bottom of the OEM
Water-in-Fuel The OEM supplied fuel The water-in-fuel sensor is attached to the fuel
Indicator Sensor filter is located on the filter. The water-in-fuel sensor sends a signal to
Circuit - Voltage intake side of the engine. the ECM when a set volume of water has
Above Normal or For marine applications, accumulated in the fuel filter. The water-in-fuel
Shorted to High the water-in-fuel sensor is circuit contains two wires: A return ground and a
Source mounted in a filter SIGNAL wire.
vary with each OEM.
Water-in-Fuel The water-in-fuel sensor is attached the fuel filter
the base of the water/fuel
Indicator Sensor housing. The ECM monitors the water-in-fuel
separator bowl on the fuel
Circuit - Voltage sensor in order to flag a fault when a set volume
filter housing. This
Above Normal or of water has accumulated in the fuel filter. The
fuel/water separator
Shorted to High water-in-fuel circuit contains two wires, a ground
housing contains a
Source wire and a signal wire.
vary with each OEM.
a dual WIF sensor
configuration. This
WIF sensors (duplex
resistor.
The water-in-fuel indicator sensor is attached to

Water-in-Fuel
The water-in-fuel the first stage fuel filter. The water-in-fuel
Indicator Sensor
indicator sensor is indicator sensor sends a signal to the electronic
Circuit - Voltage
integrated into the bottom control module (ECM) when a set volume of
Above Normal or
of the suction fuel filter. water has accumulated in the fuel filter. The
Shorted to High
The first stage fuel filter is water-in-fuel indicator sensor circuit contains two
Source (For
located on the intake side wires: A water-in-fuel indicator RETURN (sensor
Generator Engines
of the engine. return 1) ground wire and a water-in-fuel
Only)
indicator SIGNAL wire.

bottom of the OEM
Water-in-Fuel The OEM supplied fuel The water-in-fuel sensor is attached to the fuel
Indicator Sensor filter is located on the filter. The water-in-fuel sensor sends a signal to
Circuit - Voltage intake side of the engine. the ECM when a set volume of water has
Below Normal or For marine applications accumulated in the fuel filter. The water-in-fuel
Shorted to Low the water-in-fuel sensor is circuit contains two wires: A return ground and a
Source mounted in a filter signal wire.
vary with each OEM.
Water-in-Fuel The water-in-fuel sensor is attached the fuel filter
the base of the water/fuel
Indicator Sensor housing. The ECM monitors the water-in-fuel
separator bowl on the fuel
Circuit - Voltage sensor in order to flag a fault when a set volume
filter housing. This
Below Normal or of water has accumulated in the fuel filter. The
fuel/water separator
Shorted to Low water-in-fuel circuit contains two wires, a ground
housing contains a
Source wire and a signal wire.
vary with each OEM.
a dual WIF sensor
configuration. This
WIF sensors (duplex
resistor.
The water-in-fuel indicator sensor is attached to

Water-in-Fuel
The water-in-fuel the first stage fuel filter. The water-in-fuel
Indicator Sensor
indicator sensor is indicator sensor sends a signal to the electronic
Circuit - Voltage
integrated into the bottom control module (ECM) when a set volume of
Below Normal or
of the suction fuel filter. water has accumulated in the fuel filter. The
Shorted to Low
The first stage fuel filter is water-in-fuel indicator sensor circuit contains two
Source (For
located on the intake side wires: A water-in-fuel indicator RETURN (sensor
Generator Engines
of the engine. return 1) ground wire and a water-in-fuel
Only)
indicator SIGNAL wire.
Wheel-Based Vehicle
The vehicle speed sensor senses the speed of
Speed — Data Valid
The vehicle speed sensor the tailshaft gear on the vehicle's transmission.
but Below Normal
is located in the rear of This speed signal is then transmitted to the
Operational Range —
the vehicle transmission. engine electronic control module (ECM) and
Moderately Severe
converted into a vehicle speed.
Level

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Fuel System Location & Description Listing Page 1 of 55

Fuel System Location and Description Listing

The OEM switch is

The idle validation switch is used by the

The idle validation switch is used by the

The idle validation switch is used by the

The accelerator pedal or lever position sensor is

The idle validation switch is used by the

electronic control module (ECM) to indicate

The idle validation switch is used by the

The idle validation switch is used by the

Accelerator Pedal or This type of throttle interface is designed to

This type of throttle interface is designed to

The accelerator position sensor is a hall-effect

A high signal voltage is received by the ECM

The accelerator position sensor is a hall-effect

The accelerator pedal or lever position sensor is

The accelerator pedal or lever position sensor is

attached to the accelerator pedal or lever. The

The accelerator position sensor is a hall-effect

The accelerator pedal or

The adaptive cruise The adaptive cruise control unit communicates

The aftertreatment #1 air

The aftertreatment #1 air

For an air-assisted SCR aftertreatment system,

The aftertreatment outlet nitrogen oxides (NOx)

The aftertreatment outlet nitrogen oxides (NOx)

sensor is a smart device and receives

The aftertreatment outlet nitrogen oxides (NOx)

The aftertreatment outlet nitrogen oxides (NOx)

The aftertreatment outlet nitrogen oxides (NOx)

replaced individually. The aftertreatment outlet

The immobilizer anti-theft device is connected to

The torque curve switch circuit allows the

Dual outputs based on sensed parameters

The OEM has the option of wiring a pressure or

The OEM has the option of wiring a temperature

be associated with this fault code.

The electronic control module (ECM) provides a

The electronic control module (ECM) provides a

The Intermediate Speed

The transmission shift modulator uses this signal

The transmission shift modulator uses this signal

The OEM has the option of wiring a pressure

The OEM has the option of wiring a temperature

The OEM has the option of wiring a temperature

Backup Engine The camshaft engine position sensor provides

The barometric pressure

The ECM is located on

The inlet and exhaust

The catalyst is monitored by inlet and outlet

The catalyst exhaust gas

The catalyst tank heater keeps the catalyst

Catalyst Tank Heater

Catalyst Tank Heater The catalyst tank heater

The catalyst solution level

The catalyst tank level sensor is used to monitor

Catalyst Tank Level

Catalyst Tank Level The catalyst solution level

The catalyst solution

The catalyst solution

The catalyst solution

The oil filter is located on