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* DESIGN OF RCC PILE FOUNDATION *
* *
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THIS RESULT CREATED ON 31.12.2018 AT 12:34:17
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USER'S DATA
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FOR DESIGN OF PILE
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Pile Diameter [D] = 1 m

Applied Load on Pile Group [P] = 750 Ton
Applied Moment on Pile Group [AM] = 5 Ton-m
Coefficient of Active Earth Pressure [K] = 1.5
Factor of Safety [FS] = 2.5
Pile Cap Bottom Level [PCBL] = 211 m
Length of Pile = [PL] = 21 m
Founding Level [FL] = 190
Scour Level [SL) = 209 m
Concrete Grade [σ_ck] = M35
Allowable Flexural Stress in Concrete [σ_c] = 11.67 N/Sq.mm
Steel Grade [fy] = Fe500
Permissible Stress in Steel [σ_st] = 240 N/Sq.mm
Unit Weight of Concrete [γ_c] = 2.5 Ton/cm
Total Piles [Np] = 9
Total Piles in front row [N] = 3
γ_sub = 0.92 Ton/cu.m

Pile Reinforcement Cover [d'] = 120 mm.

Pile Main Reinforcement Dia. = 25 mm.
Pile Lateral Reinforcement / Binder Dia. = 8 mm.
Pile Maximum spacing of Rebars = 200 mm.

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FOR DESIGN OF PILE CAP
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Concrete Grade [σ_ck] = M 35

Steel Grade [fy] = Fe 500

Allowable Stress in concretein bending compression [σ_cbc] = 11.67 N/sq.mm = 116.7

kg/sq.cm
Allowable stress in steel [σ_st] = 240 N/sq.mm = 2400 kg/sq.cm
Modular Ratio [m] = 10
Load Factor [F] = 1.5
Diameter of Main Steel Reinforcement bars [d1] = 20 mm
Bottom Reinforcement Bar Diameter [d2] = 25 mm
Top Reinforcement Bar Diameter [d3] = 16 mm
Shear Reinforcement Bar Diameter = 10 mm
Reinforcement Clear Cover = 75 mm
Pile Cap Spacing of Rebars = 150 mm
Pile Cap Length [LPC] = 4300 mm Marked as (LPC) in the Drawing
Pile Cap Width [BPC] = 4300 mm Marked as (BPC) in the Drawing
Depth of Pile Cap [DPC] = 1500 mm Marked as (DPC) in the Drawing
Pier Length [LPr] = 5778 mm Marked as (LPr) in the Drawing
Pier Width [BPr] = 1100 mm Marked as (BPr) in the Drawing
Distance [L1] = 1250 mm Marked as (L1) in the Drawing
Distance [L2] = 650 mm Marked as (L2) in the Drawing
Distance [L3] = 1500 mm Marked as (L3) in the Drawing

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DESIGN CALCULATIONS
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STEP 1 : CAPACITY FROM SOIL STRUCTURE INTERACTION
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Pile Length = PL = PCBL - FL

= 211.000 - 190.000
= 21.000 m

Embedded Length = EL = SL - FL
= 209.000 - 190.000
= 19.000 m

Cross Sectional Area of PIle = Ap = π*D*D/4

= π*1*1/4
= 0.785 sq.m

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(A) FOR COHESIONLESS COMPONENT OF SOIL :
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SKIN FRICTION :
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Borehole No. : BH:1

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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Layer Depth upto Thickness Depth below Surface φ δ γ_sub P_D
P_Di
Nos. bottom of Sub scour Area (deg) (deg) Ton /
γ_sub*H Ton /
of Layer soil Layer level(H) (As) cu.m Ton
/ sq.mm
(m) (m) (m)
sq.m
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------
1 1.000 1.000 1.000 3.14 14.0° 9.3° 9.020
9.020 4.510
2 2.500 1.500 2.500 4.71 14.0° 9.3° 9.020
22.550 15.785
3 4.000 1.500 3.000 4.71 14.0° 9.3° 9.120
27.360 24.955
4 5.500 1.500 3.000 4.71 28.0° 28.0° 8.040
24.120 25.740
5 7.000 1.500 3.000 4.71 28.0° 28.0° 8.040
24.120 24.120
6 8.500 1.500 3.000 4.71 17.0° 11.3° 9.220
27.660 25.890
7 10.000 1.500 3.000 4.71 17.0° 11.3° 9.410
28.230 27.945
8 11.500 1.500 3.000 4.71 31.0° 31.0° 7.850
23.550 25.890
9 13.000 1.500 3.000 4.71 31.0° 31.0° 8.040
24.120 23.835
10 14.500 1.500 3.000 4.71 31.0° 31.0° 8.040
24.120 24.120
11 16.000 1.500 3.000 4.71 7.0° 4.7° 10.000
30.000 27.060
12 17.000 1.000 2.500 3.14 7.0° 4.7° 10.000
25.000 27.500
13 18.500 1.500 2.500 4.71 7.0° 4.7° 10.000
25.000 25.000
14 20.000 1.500 3.000 4.71 7.0° 4.7° 10.000
30.000 27.500
15 21.500 1.500 2.500 3.14 7.0° 4.7° 10.000
25.000 27.500
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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P_Di[1] = (0 + 9.02)/2 = 4.51 Ton/sq.m

P_Di[2] = (9.02 + 22.55)/2 = 15.785 Ton/sq.m
P_Di[3] = (22.55 + 27.36)/2 = 24.955 Ton/sq.m
P_Di[4] = (27.36 + 24.12)/2 = 25.74 Ton/sq.m
P_Di[5] = (24.12 + 24.12)/2 = 24.12 Ton/sq.m
P_Di[6] = (24.12 + 27.66)/2 = 25.89 Ton/sq.m
P_Di[7] = (27.66 + 28.23)/2 = 27.945 Ton/sq.m
P_Di[8] = (28.23 + 23.55)/2 = 25.89 Ton/sq.m
P_Di[9] = (23.55 + 24.12)/2 = 23.835 Ton/sq.m
P_Di[10] = (24.12 + 24.12)/2 = 24.12 Ton/sq.m
P_Di[11] = (24.12 + 30)/2 = 27.06 Ton/sq.m
P_Di[12] = (30 + 25)/2 = 27.5 Ton/sq.m
P_Di[13] = (25 + 25)/2 = 25 Ton/sq.m
P_Di[14] = (25 + 30)/2 = 27.5 Ton/sq.m
P_Di[15] = (30 + 25)/2 = 27.5 Ton/sq.m

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Ultimate Resistance by Skin Friction :
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For Layer 1 : As[1]* K * P_Di[1] * tan δ

= 3.142 * 1.5 * 4.51 * tan 9.333
= 3.493 Ton
For Layer 2 : As[2]* K * P_Di[2] * tan δ
= 4.712 * 1.5 * 15.785 * tan 9.333
= 18.336 Ton

For Layer 3 : As[3]* K * P_Di[3] * tan δ

= 4.712 * 1.5 * 24.955 * tan 9.333
= 28.988 Ton

For Layer 4 : As[4]* K * P_Di[4] * tan δ

= 4.712 * 1.5 * 25.74 * tan 28
= 96.734 Ton

For Layer 5 : As[5]* K * P_Di[5] * tan δ

= 4.712 * 1.5 * 24.12 * tan 28
= 90.646 Ton

For Layer 6 : As[6]* K * P_Di[6] * tan δ

= 4.712 * 1.5 * 25.89 * tan 11.333
= 36.675 Ton

For Layer 7 : As[7]* K * P_Di[7] * tan δ

= 4.712 * 1.5 * 27.945 * tan 11.333
= 39.586 Ton

For Layer 8 : As[8]* K * P_Di[8] * tan δ

= 4.712 * 1.5 * 25.89 * tan 31
= 109.952 Ton

For Layer 9 : As[9]* K * P_Di[9] * tan δ

= 4.712 * 1.5 * 23.835 * tan 31
= 101.224 Ton

For Layer 10 : As[10]* K * P_Di[10] * tan δ

= 4.712 * 1.5 * 24.12 * tan 31
= 102.435 Ton

For Layer 11 : As[11]* K * P_Di[11] * tan δ

= 4.712 * 1.5 * 27.06 * tan 4.667
= 15.614 Ton

For Layer 12 : As[12]* K * P_Di[12] * tan δ

= 3.142 * 1.5 * 27.5 * tan 4.667
= 10.581 Ton

For Layer 13 : As[13]* K * P_Di[13] * tan δ

= 4.712 * 1.5 * 25 * tan 4.667
= 14.425 Ton

For Layer 14 : As[14]* K * P_Di[14] * tan δ

= 4.712 * 1.5 * 27.5 * tan 4.667
= 15.867 Ton

For Layer 15 : As[15]* K * P_Di[15] * tan δ

= 3.142 * 1.5 * 27.5 * tan 4.667
= 10.581 Ton

Total Ultimate Resistance due to Skin Friction = Rfs = 695.137 Ton

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END BEARING
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Ultimate Resistance by End Bearing :
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Referring to Table No. 2, given at the end of this report,

For the value of φ = 7 deg, Nc = 9.6, Nq = 2.7 and Nγ = Nr = 1.2

R_us = Ap * ((1/2) * γ * D * Nγ + P_D[15] * Nq)

= 0.785 * (0.5 * 10.000 * 1 * 1.200 + 25.000 * 2.700))

= 57.698 Ton

Total Ultimate Resistance of Pile = Rfs + R_us

= 695.137 + 57.698
= 752.835 Ton

Factor of Safety = FS = 2.5

Safe Load on Pile = 752.835 / 2.5 = 301.134 Ton

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(B) FOR COHESIVE COMPONENT OF SOIL :
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Layers Layer Depth Surface Ultimate
Thickness below Scour Area α c resistance
[D](m) Level[H](m) [As](sq.m) [As*α*c](Ton)
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1 1.000 1.000 3.142 0.500 0.250 0.393
2 1.500 2.500 4.712 0.500 0.250 0.589
3 1.500 3.000 4.712 0.500 0.250 0.589
4 1.500 3.000 4.712 0.500 0.000 0.000
5 1.500 3.000 4.712 0.500 0.000 0.000
6 1.500 3.000 4.712 0.500 0.250 0.589
7 1.500 3.000 4.712 0.500 0.250 0.589
8 1.500 3.000 4.712 0.500 0.000 0.000
9 1.500 3.000 4.712 0.500 0.000 0.000
10 1.500 3.000 4.712 0.500 0.000 0.000
11 1.500 3.000 4.712 0.500 0.500 1.178
12 1.000 2.500 3.142 0.500 0.500 0.786
13 1.500 2.500 4.712 0.500 0.500 1.178
14 1.500 3.000 4.712 0.500 0.500 1.178
15 1.500 2.500 3.142 0.500 0.500 0.786
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Total Ultimate Resistance = 7.854 Ton
Referring to Table No. 2, given at the end of this report,

For the value of φ = 7 deg, Nc = 9.6, Nq = 2.7 and Nr = 1.2

End Bearing = Ap * C[15] * Nc

= 0.785 * 0.5 * 9.6
= 3.768

Total Ultimate Resistance of Pile = Qu

Qu = 7.854 + 3.768 = 11.622 Ton

Factor of Safety = FS = 2.5

Safe Load on Pile = 11.622/2.5 = 4.649 Ton

Permissible safe Load on Pile = Qus + Quc

= 301.134 + 4.649
= 305.783 Ton

Applied Load on Pile = P = 750 Ton

Load by Pile Cap on Pile Group = LPC x BPC x DPC x γ_c

= 4.300 x 4.300 x 1.500 x 2.500
= 69.338 Ton

Self weight of each Pile = Ap * L1 * (γ_c - 1)

= 0.785 * 21 * (2.5 - 1)
= 24.728 Ton

Total Load on Pile = Pu

= (P + Load by Pile Cap on Pile Group)/ Total Piles [Np] + Self
weight of Pile
= (750.000 + 69.338)/9 + 24.728
= 91.038 + 24.728

= 115.765 Ton < 305.783 Ton, Hence, Safe

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STEP 2 : STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF PILE
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Pile Dia = D = 1 m = 1000 mm

Pile Reinforcement Cover = d' = 120 mm

Cover / Pile Dia = d' / D = 120 / 1000 = 0.12

Pu/(σ_ck*D*D) = 115.765*1000*10/(35*1000*1000)
= 0.0331

Mu/(σ_ck*D**3) = 5/(35*1000^3)
= 0.0014

From Chart, we get p/σ_ck = 0.0400

Therefore percentage of steel = p = 0.0400 x 35 = 1.4000

In piles, if p <= 0.4% then provide p = 0.4%, here p = 1.4%

Provide 1.4% Steel.

Area of Main Steel Reinforcement = As

As = (1.4/100) * (π / 4) * D * D
= (1.4/100) * (π / 4) * 1000 * 1000
= 10995.57 sq.mm

Pile Main Reinforcement Bar Dia. = 25 mm

Area of one Steel reinforcement bar = π * 25 * 25 / 4

= 490.87 sq.mm

Total number of bars = 10995.57 / 490.87 = 22.400 = 23 Nos

Maximum spacing of Rebars = 200 mm.

Side cover in Piles = 75 mm.

Radius of Pile up to Rebars = (1000/2) - 75 = 500 - 75 = 425 mm.

Perimeter along Rebars = 2 x 3.1416 x 425 = 2670.354 mm.

Spacing of bars = 2670.354 / (23 - 1) = 121 mm. < 200 mm. Maximum spacing of
Rebars,

So, Provide Spacing = 121 mm.

Provide 23 numbers T25 mm dia bars at spacing 121 mm c/c.

Pile Lateral Reinforcement / Binder Bar Dia. = 8 mm.

Use 8 mm diameter lateral MS bars as Ties / Binders

the pitch / spacing = r < 500 mm
< 16*d1 = 16*25 = 400 mm
< 400 mm

Provide T8 mm dia bars as lateral Ties/binders with spacing of 400 mm c/c

Marked as (4) in the Drawing

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STEP 3 : DESIGN OF PILE CAP :
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Neutral Axis Factor = n = (m * σ_cbc) / (σ_st + (m * σ_cbc))

= (10 * 116.7) / (2400 + (10 * 116.7))
= 0.327

Lever Arm Factor = j = 1 - (n/3) = 1 - (0.327/3) = 0.891

Q = 0.5 * σ_cbc * j * n
= 0.5 * 116.7 * 0.891 * 0.327
= 17.008

Sum of Forces on Piles in front row = P2 = N X Pu = 3 X 115.765 = 347.295 Ton

Moment at the Face of Pier = P2 * ((L1 / 1000.0) - (L2 / 1000.0))

= 347.295 * ((1250 / 1000.0) - (650 / 1000.0))
= 208.38 Ton-m

Relief due to self wt of Pile Cap = P3

= P3 = (L1 / 1000.0) * (LPC / 1000.0) * (DPC / 1000.0) * γ_c
= (1250 / 1000.0) * (4300 / 1000.0) * (1500 / 1000.0) * 2.5
= 20.156 Ton

Moment due to self wt of Pile Cap

= 20.156 * (L1 / (1000.0 * 2))
= 20.156 * (1250 / (1000.0 * 2))
= 12.598 Ton-m

Total Moment at the Face of Pier = 208.377 - 12.598 = 195.779 Ton-m

Moment per Linear metre = 195.779 / (LPC/1000)

= 195.779 / (4300/1000)
= 45.53 Ton-m/m

Depth required = √((45.53*10^5)/(Q*100))

= √((45.53*10^5)/(17.01*100))
= 51.74 cm = 517.39 mm

Overall Depth Provided = 1500 mm

Reinforcement Clear Cover in Pile Cap = 75 mm

Half Bar diameter of Steel Reinforcements = 12.5 m

Effective Depth Provided = 1500 - 75 - 12.5

= 1412.500 mm > 517.39 mm, Hence OK

deff = 1412.5 mm = 141.25 cm

Required Steel Reinforcement = M * 10^5/(j*σ_st*deff*1)

= 45.530 * 10^5/(0.891*2400*141.25*1)
= 15.075 sq.cm/m

Required minimum Steel for tension = 0.2%

= (0.2/100) * 141.25
= 0.283 sq.cm/m

Pile Cap Main Reinforcement Bar Diameter = 25 mm.

Provide Steel Reinforcements 25 Diameter bars @150 mm c/c spacing. Marked as (2)
in the Drawing

Area of Steel Provided at the bottom of the Pile Cap

in Longitudinal direction = 32.725 sq.cm/m > 0.283 sq.cm/m, Hence OK

Steel Provided in Longitudinal derection at the top of

Pile Cap = Nominal Steel = 0.06% of Area
 = (0.06/100) * deff
= (0.06/100) * 141.25
= 0.085 sq.cm/m

Pile Cap Distribution Reinforcement Bar Diameter = 16 mm

Provided 16 mm dia bars at 150 mm c/c spacing. Marked as (1) in the Drawing

Area of Steel Provided = (π*16*16/4)*(1000/150)

= 1340.41 sq.mm/m
= 13.40 sq.cm/m

Distribution Steel provided at top and bottom of Pile Cap

16 mm dia bars at 150 mm c/c spacing

Area of Steel Provided = (π*16*16/4)*(1000/150)

= 1340.41 sq.mm/m
= 13.40 sq.cm/m

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Shear Reinforcement :
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Critical section at deff = 1.4125 m from face of Pier

Reaction on Piles in Front row = P2 = 347.30 Ton

Nominnal Shear stress = τ_v

τ_v = (P2*10*LPC*(l1 - deff)) / (LPC * deff * 1000)

= (347.295*10*4300*(1250 - 1412.5)) / (4300 * 1412.5 * 1000)
= -0.4000 N/sq.mm

Percent of bottom main reinforcement

p = (100 * 32.725) / (100.0 * 141.25)
= 0.232

Permissible Shear Stress for p = 0.232 and for M35 Concrete

from Table 1 (given at the end of the report).

τ_c = 0.22 N/sq.mm > τ_v

So, no shear Reinforcement is required and provide

provide minimum shear reinforcement.

Minimum Shear Reinforcement = 0.0011 * b * S

= 0.0011 * 100 * 250
= 27.50 sq.cm/m

Provide 8 mm diameter 42 legged at 200 mm c/c spacing

Area of Steel Provided = (π * 8 * 8 / 4.0) * 42.0 * (1000.0 / 200.0)

= 10555.75 sq.mm/m
= 105.56 sq.cm/m

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TABLE 1 : PERMISSIBLE SHEAR STRESS
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PERMISSIBLE SHEAR STRESS τ_c(N/sq.mm)

Grades of Concrete
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P(%) M 15 M 20 M 25 M 30 M 35 M 40
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(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7)
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0.15 0.18 0.18 0.19 0.20 0.20 0.20
0.25 0.22 0.22 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23
0.50 0.29 0.30 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.32
0.75 0.34 0.35 0.36 0.37 0.37 0.38
1.00 0.37 0.39 0.40 0.41 0.42 0.42
1.25 0.40 0.42 0.44 0.45 0.45 0.46
1.50 0.42 0.45 0.46 0.48 0.49 0.49
1.75 0.44 0.47 0.49 0.50 0.52 0.52
2.00 0.44 0.49 0.51 0.53 0.54 0.55
2.25 0.44 0.51 0.53 0.55 0.56 0.57
2.50 0.44 0.51 0.55 0.57 0.58 0.60
2.75 0.44 0.51 0.56 0.58 0.60 0.62
3.00 0.44 0.51 0.57 0.60 0.62 0.63
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TABLE 2 : Terzaghi's Bearing Capacity
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Terzaghi's Bearing Capacity Factors

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phi Nc Nq Nγ
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0 5.7 1 0
5 7.3 1.6 0.5
10 9.6 2.7 1.2
15 12.9 4.4 2.5
20 17.7 7.4 5.0
25 25.1 12.7 9.7
30 37.2 22.5 19.7
35 57.8 41.4 42.4
40 95.7 81.3 100.4
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--------------------- END OF REPORT --------------------------
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