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RW–9884 455401

M.A. DEGREE EXAMINATION, APRIL 2015

Economics

ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS

(CBCS 2011 onwards)

Time : 3 Hours Maximum : 75 Marks

Part A (10  2 = 20)

Answer all questions.

All questions carry equal marks.

1. Define the term “ecosystem”.

2. Define the term “sustainable development”.

3. What is meant by social cost?

4. Define the term efficiency.

5. What is meant by “Pigovian tax”?

6. Define the term “negative externality”.

7. What is meant by hedonic pricing method?

8. Give an example for “travel cost method”.

9. What is meant by “phyto sanitary measure”?

10. Mention any two aspects of international environment

policy.
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Part B (5  5 = 25)

Answer all questions choosing either (a) or (b).

All questions carry equal marks.

11. (a) Write a note on “economics”.

Or

(b) Write a note on “environment”.

12. (a) Define the term “optimality”.

Or

(b) Distinguish between “private cost” and “social cost”.

13. (a) Write a note on “pollution permit”.

Or

(b) Write a note on “pollution control”.

14. (a) Explain “contingent valuation method”.

Or

(b) Exemplify “non-use values”.

15. (a) What are the basic approaches of environmental

policy in India?

Or

(b) Mention any five aspects of international

environmental policy.

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Part C (3  10 = 30)

Answer any three questions.

All questions carry equal marks.

16. Explain the causes for “global warming”.

17. Discuss “environmental impact analysis”.

18. Critically evaluate the impact of environmental

regulations in India.

19. Explain the strengths and weaknesses of environmental

valuation methods.

20. Discuss the distributive effects of environmental policy.

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RW–9885 455402

M.A. DEGREE EXAMINATION, APRIL 2015

Economics

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

(CBCS 2011 onwards)

Time : 3 Hours Maximum : 75 Marks

Part A (10  2 = 20)

Answer all questions.

1. Mention any four characteristics of a scientific research.

2. Distinguish between applied research and action

research.

3. Mention any two criteria to be considered while selecting

a topic for research.

4. Define “Conceptualisation”.

5. Define “Exploratory research”.

6. What is meant by “historical method”?

7. Mention any two kinds of data that are available in

National Sample Survey.

8. Mention any two kinds of data, that are available in

census reports.
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9. Distinguish between a “report” and a “thesis”.

10. What is meant by “summary”?

Part B (5  5 = 25)

Answer all questions choosing either (a) or (b).

All questions carry equal marks.

11. (a) What are the purposes of research?

Or

(b) Exemplify a “theory”.

12. (a) Mention any four types of errors.

Or

(b) What is meant by “model building”?

13. (a) Exemplify a “research design”.

Or

(b) Explain the meaning of longitudinal research.

14. (a) Illustrate the usefulness of interview method.

Or

(b) Explain the term “rating scale”.

15. (a) Explain the meaning of “inference”.

Or

(b) Explain the meaning of “glossary”.

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Part C (3  10 = 30)

Answer any three questions.

All questions carry equal marks.

16. Distinguish between quantitative and qualitative

research.

17. What the challenges faced by social scientists?

18. Critically comment on the different types of research.

19. Examine the qualities of the data available in National

Sample Surveys and Census.

20. Explain different kinds of citation.

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RW–9886 455504

M.A. DEGREE EXAMINATION, APRIL 2015

Economics

Elective — PROJECT PLANNING AND EVALUATION

(CBCS – 2011 onwards)

Time : 3 Hours Maximum : 75 Marks

Part A (10  2 = 20)

Answer all questions.

1. Define "Project".

2. What is meant by "Project Life Cycle"?

3. What is meant by "Social acceptability"?

4. Explain the term "economic viability".

5. Define the term "technical feasibility".

6. Mention any two feasibility analyses.

7. What are the discounted techniques?

8. What is meant by mileston approach?

9. What is the need for evaluation of a project?

10. What are the criteria for the evaluation of a research

project?
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Part B (5  5 = 25)

Answer all the questions choosing either (a) or (b).

All questions carry equal marks.

11. (a) What are the characteristics of a project?

Or

(b) What are the objectives of a project?

12. (a) Explain the term "input feasibility".

Or

(b) Explain the term "social cost".

13. (a) Describe the undiscounted technique.

Or

(b) What are the criteria for project appraisal?

14. (a) What are the points to be considered while

designing a "monitoring system"?

Or

(b) What are the points to be considered while

operating a "monitoring system"?

15. (a) Exemplify the performance indicators.

Or

(b) What is meant by "project replication"?

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Part C (3  10 = 30)

Answer any three questions.

All questions carry equal marks.

16. Exemplify the basic concepts involved in a project.

17. Discuss the steps in project formulation.

18. Critically comment on the project appraisal.

19. Exemplify the difficulties in monitoring a project.

20. What are the problems involved in evaluating the

government – run projects?

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RW–9887 455201

M.A. DEGREE EXAMINATION, APRIL 2015

Economics

MICROECONOMICS — II

(CBCS – 2011 onwards)

Time : 3 Hours Maximum : 75 Marks

Part A (10  2 = 20)

Answer all questions.

All questions carry equal marks.

1. Define "Marginal Productivity".

2. Define "Elasticity of technical substitution".

3. What is meant by "general equilibrium"?

4. Mention the name of the economist associated with

"input – output analysis".

5. Define "risk".

6. What is called "risk pooling"?

7. Define "transaction cost".

8. What is meant by "asymmetric information"?

9. What are the pareto optimal conditions?

10. Define the term "value judgement".

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Part B (5  5 = 25)

Answer all the questions choosing either (a) or (b).

All questions carry equal marks.

11. (a) Describe the product exhaustion theorem.

Or

(b) Explain the concept "MRTSKL".

12. (a) Illustrate the partial equilibrium analysis.

Or

(b) Mention the Rybezynski theory.

13. (a) Explain the risk seeking behaviour.

Or

(b) Explain the risk-averse behaviour.

14. (a) Explain the "Stochastic Model".

Or

(b) Define "Principal – Agent Problem".

15. (a) Write a note on Pigovion Welfare Economics.

Or

(b) Write a "note on social welfare function".

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Part C (3  10 = 30)

Answer any three questions.

All questions carry equal marks.

16. Explain the theories of market distribution.

17. Illustrate the Stopler-Samuelson theory

18. Explain as to how risk is incorporated in "utility

analysis".

19. How is price determined in the market with asymmetric

information?

20. How do the value judgements influence economic decision

making?

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RW–9888 455202

M.A. DEGREE EXAMINATION, APRIL 2015

Economics

MACRO ECONOMICS – II

(CBCS – 2011 onwards)

Time : 3 Hours Maximum : 75 Marks

Part A (10  2 = 20)

Answer all questions.

1. Define fiscal policy.

2. Define multiplier.

3. Define human capital.

4. What is capital formation?

5. What is elasticity of demand?

6. What is the formula for fiscal deficit?

7. Distinguish between unemployment and under

employment.

8. Define inflationary gap.

9. Define money market equilibrium.

10. Define real equilibrium.

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Part B (5  5 = 25)

Answer all the questions choosing either (a) or (b).

All questions carry equal marks.

11. (a) How can you control inflation through fiscal policy?

Or

(b) Explain Hicks theory of trade cycle.

12. (a) Discuss the relationship between technological

progress and economic growth.

Or

(b) What are the factors that determine the capital

output ratio?

13. (a) Write a short note on budget deficit.

Or

(b) What are the causes for increase in public

expenditure?

14. (a) Explain the cost push inflation with a diagram.

Or

(b) Draw and explain the Phillips curve.

15. (a) Discuss money market equilibrium with help of

diagrams.

Or

(b) Draw and explain IS-LM curves.

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Part C (3  10 = 30)

Answer any three questions.

All questions carry equal marks.

16. Explain the different tools of monetary policy with

illustrations.

17. Write a critical note on human capital.

18. Pinpoint the measures to reduce the fiscal deficit.

19. Discuss the Keynesian theory of inflation.

20. Explain commodity market equilibrium with diagrams.

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RW–9889 455203

M.A. DEGREE EXAMINATION, APRIL 2015

Economics

INDIAN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

(CBCS – 2011 onwards)

Time : 3 Hours Maximum : 75 Marks

Part A (10  2 = 20)

Answer all the questions.
All questions carry equal marks.

1. Define economic development.

2. Explain new economic policy.

3. What is non – farm activity?

4. State green revolution.

5. List out the various categories of industries in industrial

sector.

6. Define public enterprises.

7. What are the indicators of human development?

8. Distinguish between unemployment and under

employment.

9. Define competition policy.

10. What is exchange rate?

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Part B (5  5 = 25)
Answer all the questions, choosing either (a) or (b).
All questions carry equal marks.

11. (a) Elucidate policy of planned development.

Or

(b) Analyse the performance of Indian economy since

1991.

12. (a) Give a view of agricultural growth.

Or

(b) List out the impact of liberalisation and WTO on

agriculture.

13. (a) Compare the growth of industrial sector with

service sector.

Or

(b) How do you promote investment in infrastructure?

14. (a) Write a note on employment guarantee scheme.

Or

(b) To what extent reduction in poverty is possible?

15. (a) Explain the role of FDI in economic development.

Or

(b) Mention the essentials of trade policy.

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Part C (3  10 = 30)

Answer any three questions.

All questions carry equal marks.

16. Critically examine the new economic policy.

17. Is there a need for policy initiative in relation to

agriculture and rural sector? Discuss.

18. Explain the impact of global recession in secondary and

tertiary sector in India.

19. Examine the long – term policy to reduce poverty and

unemployment.

20. Discuss the strategies for sustainable development at a

high rate.

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RW–9890 455502

M.A. DEGREE EXAMINATION, APRIL 2015

Economics

Elective – ENERGY ECONOMICS

(CBCS – 2011 onwards)

Time : 3 Hours Maximum : 75 Marks

Part A (10  2 = 20)

Answer all the questions.

All questions carry equal marks.

1. Spell out the various energy resources.

2. Point out the energy indicators.

3. What is meant by energy intensity?

4. What is meant by energy elasticity?

5. What is meant by energy crisis?

6. Define clean energy.

7. Define energy conservation.

8. What do you mean by energy auditing?

9. What are the renewable source of energy?

10. What is meant by effluent fees?

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Part B (5  5 = 25)
Answer all the questions, choosing either (a) or (b).
All questions carry equal marks.

11. (a) What are the properties of energy?

Or
(b) Elaborate the emergence of energy economics.

12. (a) Explain the role of energy in economic development.

Or
(b) Make a comparison of low, middle and high income
economies in terms of energy.

13. (a) What are the causes and consequences of energy

crisis?

Or
(b) Suggest remedial measures to counter energy crisis.

14. (a) What is energy planning? Why is it needed?

Or
(b) Explain the concept of energy pricing.

15. (a) Examine the case of nuclear energy for India’s

growing energy needs.

Or
(b) Discuss energy generation in India under the five
year plans.

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Part C (3  10 = 30)

Answer any three questions.

All questions carry equal marks.

16. Explain the importance and role of natural resources in

economic development.

17. Elaborate the role of international institutions in

developing energy to meet the needs of economics
development.

18. Critically examine the impact of energy consumption and

production on environment.

19. Elucidate the importance and need for sustainable energy

management.

20. Examine the issues and policy options for India related to
energy.

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