Fast Stars in Fast Cars

1 1
0.5 0.5
-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 -80 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80
-0.5 -0.5
-1 -1
That convective cells have radial-velocity variations with amplitudes of about the mean convective cell velocity,
, divided by the square-root of the number of cells present will now be shown. Cells will be considered to either
be rising at velocity , or descending at velocity , and it will be assumed that each cell has an equal probability of
doing either. This is then a and this means the population has a mean number of cells rising of
, where is the number of cells on the visible face of the star, and the standard deviation of the population will
be . Then, in a given set of observations of the star, there is a reasonable chance of seeing
cells rising (and therefore cells descending). Assuming that the average
radial velocity of these cells will be the radial velocity observed from the integrated starlight (probably not the case, as
the falling cells are darker then the rising cells) means there is a reasonable chance of observing a radial velocity of
For more details on the Binomial distribution see Bevington & Robinson [21] Chapter 2. However, limb darkening
and projection effects will mean the maximum radial velocity observed will be somewhat less than this. If =5 km/s,
then taking limb darkening/projection factor of the expected amplitude becomes .
Recessional
Radial Velocity Luminosity
Max Max
0
0.0 0.25 0.5
Min Min
PHASE
Recessional
Radial Velocity Luminosity
Max Max
0
0.0 0.25 0.5
Min Min
PHASE
Fibre
input
Insulating Air−conditioned module
Cabinet Room Fibre
Feed Spectrograph
when directly
mounted on
Magnetic telescope
Tape Detector Telescope
Drive Control Control
Telescope
Photo
3000
Spectrograph Guiding Dome Control

and CCD Display
and telescope
Positioning tracking
of auto−fill
mechanism
Row (i)
Column (j)
Closer inspection reveals a third flat-fielding option which, while more complicated, potentially could combine
the better signal-to-noise of the second method (which was used during the data-reduction for this thesis) and the better
pixel sensitivity variation removal of the first method. It has been noted, in consideration of the preferred method, that
ignoring the pixel-to-pixel variations it is very similar to flat-fielding by the two-dimensional method, then weighting
each row back to its natural “gaussian” form. Importantly, if this is done the better signal-to-noise ratio is kept, but
the individual pixel-to-pixel variations are properly removed, resulting in a spectrum very near the ideal. This would
require weighing each column in the two-dimensionally flat-fielded spectrum by the average in that column for the
flat-field, before collapsing. This is not easily achieved using the image reduction package, but could be
worth investigation by future researchers. Another approach is to change the equipment so that a flat-field spectrum
can be created where the orders are artificially broadened, to give the flat-field a box-like shape over the width of the
stellar exposure. This is what is done for the ELODIE project (see Baranne et al. [8]).
Choose a line in the centre of the

CCD to be straight up and down
5
x 10 s190023 after collapsing which is the flatfield for Beta Col’s s186083
1.22
1.21
1.2
1.19
1.18
flux
1.17
1.16
1.15
1.14
1.13
0 100 200 300 400 500 600
pixels
c
c c
c
Beta Col’s image s18104 (order 41) Cross-correlation of Beta Col’s s18104 with S18608 for order 41
20000 1
18000
0.8
16000
0.6
Normalized correlation
Collapsed ADU count
14000
12000 0.4
10000
0.2
8000
0
6000
4000 -0.2
100 200 300 400 500 -100 -50 0 50 100
Pixel number Bin number
Beta Col’s fitted velocity shift between s18608 & t81804 (order 41)
0.42
Single Gaussian fit Fitted Fitted
Three Gaussian fit
Peak Peak
0.41
Relative Radial Velocity (km/s)
0.4
0.39
0.38
0.37
Fit to 5 points Fit to 4 points

0.36
6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
Number of bins
s186085.SPC relative to t818045.SPC s186085.SPC relative to t818045.SPC
0.8 0.8
0.6 0.6
Correlation
Correlation
0.4 0.4
0.2 0.2
0.0 0.0
-0.2 -0.2
35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 -5 -10 -15 -20 -25 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 -5 -10 -15 -20 -25
Bin number Bin number
c c
c
c
spec1.x
25 bins
spec2.x
1 bins−25
Power spectrum of s181041 cross-correlated with t818041 Filtered power spectrum of s181041 cross-correlated with t818041
40 40
35
35
30
30
25
25
Log(power)
Log(power)
20
20 15
10
15
5
10
0
5 -5
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500
Frequency bin Frequency bin
s FT FT
1/s
aliasing
=
Case A
N N 2N
=
Case B
N N 2N
=
Case C
M M 2M
s FT FT FT t
1/s 1/t
1/s 1/t
leakage
Bins Bins
Apparent radial-velocity shifts due to an incorrect fitting function A synthetic spectrum used for cross-correlation testing
0.02 9
0.015 8
0.01 7
Error in fitted radial velocity (km/s)
0.005 6
Exact flux
0 5
-0.005 4
-0.01 3
-0.015 2
-0.02 1
-0.025 0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
Radial velocity shift in km/s Pixel Number
Good fits
Fit will
vary a lot
depending
on the
distribution
of ccf points
Good fits
The question naturally arises as to how systematic this spectrum-dependent error is. For example, will it remain
the same from differential radial velocity to differential radial velocity? To consider this question consider the syn-
thetic spectra and échelle above and use the rough approximation that the radial velocity error for order can be written
as
where is the real velocity shift between spectra, is related to pixel width, is the amplitude of the variation
(which is spectrum dependent) and reflects the rest-wavelengths shifts on the CCD (which will be most significant
from run-to-run). When the lines in a stellar spectrum are shifted by an integral number of bins relative to the reference
spectrum, as a result of the combination of systematic shifts caused by the échelle and the star’s change in radial
velocity, then . So within a run the error is very systematic, but from run-to-run it is not.
s FT FT FT h
1/s
1/h
1/s 1/h
1/h
− 1/s 1/s
1/2s
m
Lomb-Scargle Periodograms of Omega Cap Percey and Sen’s selfcorrelation for Omega Cap
18 7
Initial periodogram
Dominant period removed
16 Secondary period removed
Tertiary period removed 6
14
5
12
Selfcorrelation
Periodogram
10 4
8 3
6
2
4
1
2
0 0
0 0.002 0.004 0.006 0.008 0.01 0.012 0.014 0.016 0.018 0.02 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900
Frequency (1/d) Bin (days)
Lomb-Scargle Periodograms of Delta1 Aps Percey and Sen’s selfcorrelation for Delta1 Aps
20 0.2
Initial periodogram
Dominant period removed
18 0.18
16 0.16
14 0.14
12 0.12
Selfcorrelation
Periodogram
10 0.1
8 0.08
6 0.06
4 0.04
2 0.02
0 0
0 0.005 0.01 0.015 0.02 0.025 0.03 0.035 0.04 0.045 0.05 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
Frequency (1/d) Bin (days)
v b v v r
b v
b v
v b v
First the secondary extinction, , is determined by observing one pair of stars of very different colours at different
air masses. For each observation, , and v are calculated, where here means
the difference between the two stars. As the natural visual magnitude corrected for extinction is
v
and and are constants, for each airmass the difference between the two corrected natural magnitudes is
v v
If the pair of stars are very close together it can be said that and this equation becomes
Hence a least-squares straight-line fit to a x-y graph of observations of the star pair will give the secondary extinction
as the slope of the graph.
The Mt John service observers then calculate the primary extinction to first order. By recalling that the natural
atmospheric extinction corrected magnitude is
v v
and the standard system magnitude is

v b v
it can be seen that the difference in visual magnitude between this same star at very different air masses is
v b v
To first order this means that

v
where the second-order extinction coefficient is ignored on this first pass and b v is considered to be a second-
order term, as the Johnson-Cousins and Mt John systems are so similar that . This is calculated for a number of
different stars and averaged.
Now it is possible to calculate the “zero point”, , for the transformations to the standard system. For standard
stars the value of
v v
is calculated, where v is measured, is known to first order and is the tabulated value of the star in the standard
system. As
v b v
a plot of b v against the calculated values should yield a straight line of slope and intercept . Any points
which are too far from the line of best fit are discarded at this stage and the best fit line recalculated.
As is now known it is now possible to determine a better value for the primary extinction coefficient with second-
order terms being included (and everything being re-calculated accordingly). It should be noted that while continued
iterations would probably improve the solution still further, these are not performed by the Mt John service observers.
Check star with mask for gamma Cru Very red star Delta1 Aps observations
1.6 1.2
1.18
1.55 1.16
1.14
1.5 1.12
V-R
1.1
V-I
1.45 1.08
1.06
1.4 1.04
1.02
1.35 1
4.98 4.99 5 5.01 5.02 5.03 5.04 5.05 5.06 5.07 4.55 4.6 4.65 4.7 4.75 4.8 4.85 4.9 4.95
HJD-2400000 4
x 10 V magnitude
Beta Gru V magnitude and R-I colour Delta2 Gru V(-2.5) magnitude and R-I colour
1.3 1.35
V V-(2.5)
R-I R-I
1.4 1.4
1.5
1.45
1.6
1.5
1.7
Magnitude
Magnitude
1.55
1.8
1.6
1.9
1.65
2
1.7
2.1
2.2 1.75
2.3 1.8
2449900 2450000 2450100 2450200 2450300 2450400 2450500 2450600 2450700 2449900 2450000 2450100 2450200 2450300 2450400 2450500 2450600 2450700
Julian Date Julian Date
Delta1 Aps V(-2.5) magnitude and R-I colour Epsilon Mus V(-2) magnitude and R-I colour
1.4
V-(2.5) V-2
1.4 R-I R-I
1.6
1.6
1.8
1.8
Magnitude
Magnitude
2
2
2.2
2.2
2.4
2.4
2449800 2449900 2450000 2450100 2450200 2450300 2450400 2450500 2450600 2450700 2449800 2449900 2450000 2450100 2450200 2450300 2450400 2450500 2450600 2450700
Eta Scl V(-3.3) magnitude and R-I colour Gamma Cru V magnitude and R-I colour
1.2
V-(3.3) V
R-I 1.2 R-I
1.25
1.3
1.3
1.35
Magnitude
Magnitude
1.4 1.4
1.45
1.5
1.5
1.55
1.6
1.6
1.65 1.7
2449900 2450000 2450100 2450200 2450300 2450400 2450500 2450600 2450700 2449800 2449900 2450000 2450100 2450200 2450300 2450400 2450500 2450600 2450700 2450800
Kappa Pyx V(-3.7) magnitude and R-I colour L2 Puppis V(-1.7) magnitude and B-V colour
0.74 V-(1.7)
V-(3.7)
R-I B-V
0.76 1.5
0.78
2
0.8
2.5
Magnitude
Magnitude
0.82
0.84
3
0.86
3.5
0.88
0.9
4
0.92
2450000 2450100 2450200 2450300 2450400 2450500 2450600 2450700
Julian Date 2449800 2449900 2450000 2450100 2450200 2450300 2450400 2450500 2450600 2450700
Julian Date
Omi1 CMa V(-1.9) magnitude and B-V colour Omi1 CMa V(-2.9) magnitude and R-I colour
0.6
1.65 V-(2.9)
V-(1.9)
B-V R-I
0.65
1.7
0.7
1.75
0.75
1.8
Magnitude
Magnitude
0.8
1.85
0.85
1.9
0.9
1.95
0.95
2
1
2.05
2450000 2450100 2450200 2450300 2450400 2450500 2450600 2450700 1.05
Julian Date 2450000 2450100 2450200 2450300 2450400 2450500 2450600 2450700
Julian Date
Tau4 Eri V(-2) magnitude and R-I colour

1.3
V-2
R-I
1.35
1.4
1.45
1.5
Magnitude
1.55
1.6
1.65
1.7
1.75
1.8
2450000 2450100 2450200 2450300 2450400 2450500 2450600 2450700 2450800
Julian Date
x
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2 x

0
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3
0
-0.05
-0.05
-0.1
-0.1
-0.15
-0.15
y
-0.2
-0.25
-0.2
-0.3
-0.25
-0.35
-0.3
Gamma Cru’s Tycho V(+0.5) magnitude and B-V colour Alpha Sco’s Tycho V(+1.4) magnitude and B-V colour
1.7
T(V)+0.5 T(V)+(1.4)
T(B-V) T(B-V)
2
1.8
1.9
2.2
2
Magnitdue
Magnitdue
2.1 2.4
2.2
2.6
2.3
2.4
2.8
2.5
2447800 2448000 2448200 2448400 2448600 2448800 2449000 2449200 2447900 2448000 2448100 2448200 2448300 2448400 2448500 2448600 2448700 2448800 2448900
Beta Gru’s Tycho V(-0.1) magnitude and B-V colour
1.6
T(V)-(0.1)
T(B-V)
1.7
1.8
1.9
Magnitdue
2
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2447800 2448000 2448200 2448400 2448600 2448800 2449000
Julian Date
The reddening free co−efficient
1.8
1.6
1.4
1.2
0.8
Q
0.6
0.4
0.2
−0.2
0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8
V−R
Masses from Bessels 1991 temperature−luminosity grid Masses and luminosities at Teff=3200 (Bessel 1991)
5 5.5
4.5 5
4 4.5
Log(L)
Log(L)
3.5 4
3 3.5
2.5 3
2 2.5
3.35 3.4 3.45 3.5 3.55 3.6 −0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4
Log(Teff) Log(mass)
Radial Velocity and Light Curve of Beta Gru Radial Velocity and Light Curve of Delta2 Gru
0 1.8
-0.2 1.6
Radial Velocity (km/s)

-0.4
1.4
-0.6
-0.8 1.2
-1 1
-1.2
0.8
-1.4
-1.6 0.6
-1.8 0.4
260 280 300 320 340 360 380 400 260 280 300 320 340 360 380 400
1.95 4.06
2 4.08
2.05 4.1
V magnitude
V magnitude
4.12
2.1
4.14
2.15
4.16
2.2 4.18
2.25 4.2
2.3 4.22
260 280 300 320 340 360 380 400 260 280 300 320 340 360 380 400
Julian Date - 2450000 Julian Date - 2450000
Radial Velocity and Light Curve of Delta1 Aps Radial Velocity and Light Curve of Delta1 Aps
-1.1 -1.8
-1.2 -2
-1.3 -2.2
-1.4 -2.4
-1.5 -2.6
-1.6 -2.8
-1.7 -3
-1.8 -3.2
-1.9 -3.4
-2 -3.6
-2.1 -3.8
-2.2 -4
9800 9820 9840 9860 9880 9900 9920 9940 9960 9980 100 150 200 250 300 350
4.55 4.55
4.6 4.6
4.65 4.65
V magnitude
V magnitude
4.7 4.7
4.75 4.75
4.8 4.8
4.85 4.85
4.9 4.9
9800 9820 9840 9860 9880 9900 9920 9940 9960 9980 100 150 200 250 300 350
Radial Velocity and Light Curve of Epsilon Mus Radial Velocity and Light Curve of Eta Scl
0.5 1
0.9

0
0.8
-0.5 0.7
-1 0.6
0.5
-1.5
0.4
-2 0.3
100 150 200 250 300 350 270 280 290 300 310 320 330
4 4.83
4.05 4.84
4.1 4.85
V magnitude
V magnitude
4.86
4.15
4.87
4.2
4.88
4.25 4.89
4.3 4.9
4.35 4.91
100 150 200 250 300 350 270 280 290 300 310 320 330
Radial Velocity and Light Curve of Gamma Cru Radial Velocity and Light Curve of Gamma Cru
0.85 0.8
0.8 0.6
0.75 0.4
0.7 0.2
0.65 0
0.6 -0.2
0.55 -0.4
9850.5 9851 9851.5 9852 9852.5 9853 9853.5 9854 9854.5 9855 9855.5 9856 100 150 200 250 300 350
1.622 1.54
1.624
1.56
1.626
V magnitude
V magnitude
1.628 1.58
1.63
1.6
1.632
1.634 1.62
1.636
1.64
1.638
1.64 1.66
9857 9857.5 9858 9858.5 9859 9859.5 9860 9860.5 9861 9861.5 9862 100 150 200 250 300 350
Radial Velocity and Light Curve of L2 Pup Radial Velocity and Light Curve of L2 Pup
5 4
4 3

3 2
2
1
1
0
0
-1
-1
-2 -2
-3 -3
-4 -4
9200 9300 9400 9500 9600 9700 9800 9900 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550
3.4 4.2
3.6 4.4
3.8
4.6
4
V magnitude
V magnitude
4.2 4.8
4.4 5
4.6 5.2
4.8 5.4
5
5.6
5.2
5.4 5.8
5.6 6
9200 9300 9400 9500 9600 9700 9800 9900 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550
Radial Velocity and Light Curve of Kappa Pyx Radial Velocity and Light Curve of O1 CMa
0.8 1
0.7 0.5
0
0.6 -0.5
0.5 -1
-1.5
0.4
-2
0.3 -2.5
0.2 -3
-3.5
0.1 -4
0 -4.5
100 150 200 250 300 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550
4.58 3.74
4.585 3.76
3.78
4.59 3.8
V magnitude
V magnitude
4.595 3.82
3.84
4.6
3.86
4.605 3.88
4.61 3.9
3.92
4.615 3.94
4.62 3.96
100 150 200 250 300 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550
Radial Velocity and Light Curve of Pi Pup Radial Velocity and Light Curve of Tau4 Eri
0.4 0.7
0.3 0.6

0.2 0.5
0.1
0.4
0
0.3
-0.1
0.2
-0.2
-0.3 0.1
-0.4 0
-0.5 -0.1
100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 260 280 250 300 350 400 450 500 550
2.62 3.56
3.58
2.64
3.6
2.66 3.62
V magnitude
V magnitude
2.68 3.64
3.66
2.7 3.68
2.72 3.7
3.72
2.74
3.74
2.76 3.76
100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 260 280 250 300 350 400 450 500 550
Hipparcos visual photometry for 2 Cen Relative radial velocities for 2 Cen
3.95 0.8
0.6
4 0.4
0.2
Hp (Magnitdue)
4.05 0
-0.2
4.1 -0.4
-0.6
4.15 -0.8
-1
4.2 -1.2
2447800 2448000 2448200 2448400 2448600 2448800 2449000 2449200 2449400 2449600 2449800 2450000 2450200 2450400 2450600
Hipparcos visual photometry for 62 Sgr Relative radial velocities for 62 Sgr
4.34 3.5
4.36
3
4.38
2.5
4.4

4.42 2
Hp (Magnitdue)
4.44
1.5
4.46
4.48 1
4.5
0.5
4.52
0
4.54
4.56 -0.5
2447800 2448000 2448200 2448400 2448600 2448800 2449000 2449200 2449400 2449500 2449600 2449700 2449800 2449900 2450000 2450100 2450200 2450300 2450400
Hipparcos visual photometry for Gamma Ret Relative radial velocities for Gamma Ret
4.4 2
1.5
4.45
1
0.5
Hp (Magnitdue)
4.5
4.55
-0.5
-1
4.6
-1.5
4.65 -2
2447800 2448000 2448200 2448400 2448600 2448800 2449000 2449200 2449200 2449400 2449600 2449800 2450000 2450200 2450400 2450600
Hipparcos visual photometry for Lambda Vel Relative radial velocities for Lambda Vel
2.28 0.5
2.3 0
2.32 -0.5

Hp (Magnitdue)
2.34 -1
2.36 -1.5
2.38 -2
2.4 -2.5
2447800 2448000 2448200 2448400 2448600 2448800 2449000 2449200 2449200 2449400 2449600 2449800 2450000 2450200 2450400 2450600
Hipparcos visual photometry for N Vel Relative radial velocities for N Vel
3.25 1.4
3.26 1.2
3.27 1
Hp (Magnitdue)
3.28 0.8
3.29 0.6
3.3 0.4
3.31 0.2
3.32 0
2447800 2448000 2448200 2448400 2448600 2448800 2449000 2449200 2449400 2449600 2449800 2450000 2450200 2450400 2450600
Hipparcos visual photometry for NS Pup Relative radial velocities for NS Pup
4.52 1.6
1.4
4.53
1.2
4.54 1

Hp (Magnitdue)
0.8
4.55
0.6
4.56
0.4
4.57 0.2
0
4.58
-0.2
4.59 -0.4
2447800 2448000 2448200 2448400 2448600 2448800 2449000 2449200 2449200 2449400 2449600 2449800 2450000 2450200 2450400 2450600
Hipparcos visual photometry for Sigma CMa Relative radial velocities for Sigma CMa
3.52 2
3.54
1.5
3.56
1
3.58
Hp (Magnitdue)
0.5
3.6
0
3.62
-0.5
3.64
-1
3.66
3.68 -1.5
2447900 2448000 2448100 2448200 2448300 2448400 2448500 2448600 2448700 2448800 2449200 2449400 2449600 2449800 2450000 2450200 2450400 2450600
L2 Puppis Barnes-Evans angular diameters and observed radial velocities Difference of observed (V-R)c from (R-I)c predictions for L2 Puppis
45 1
Angle(R-I) (V-R)c-(0.6592(R-I)c+0.2683))
Angle(V-R)-15 Angle(R-I)/50
40 RV
0.8
35
milli-arcseconds, milli-arcseconds, km/s
30
magnitude, milli-arcseconds
0.6
25
20 0.4
15
0.2
10
5
0
-5 -0.2
2449800 2449900 2450000 2450100 2450200 2450300 2450400 2450500 2450600 2449800 2449900 2450000 2450100 2450200 2450300 2450400 2450500 2450600 2450700
Beta Gru observed radial velocity and estimated angular diameter using (R-I) Delta2 Gru observed radial velocity and estimated angular diameter using (R-I)
5 4
RV RV
Angle(R-I)/5-5 Angle(R-I)-11
3.5
4
3
3
milli-arcseconds, km/s
2.5
2
1
1.5
0
1
-1
0.5
-2 0
2449900 2450000 2450100 2450200 2450300 2450400 2450500 2449900 2450000 2450100 2450200 2450300 2450400 2450500
Delta1 Aps observed radial velocity and estimated angular diameter using (R-I) Epsilon Mus observed radial velocity and estimated angular diameter using (R-I)
3 4
RV RV
Angle(R-I)-12 Angle(R-I)-17.5
2
3
1
2
-1
0
-2
-1
-3
-4 -2
2449800 2449900 2450000 2450100 2450200 2450300 2450400 2450500 2450600 2449800 2449900 2450000 2450100 2450200 2450300 2450400 2450500 2450600
Epsilon Col observed radial velocity and estimated angular diameter using (R-I) Omega Cap observed radial velocity and estimated angular diameter using (R-I)
0.3 1.4
RV/20 RV/20
Angle(R-I)-3.2 Angle(R-I)-4
1.2
0.2
1
0.1
0.8
0
0.6
-0.1
0.4
-0.2
0.2
-0.3
0
-0.4 -0.2
2450000 2450100 2450200 2450300 2450400 2450500 2449900 2450000 2450100 2450200 2450300 2450400
Eta Scl observed radial velocity and estimated angular diameter using (R-I) Gamma Cru observed radial velocity and estimated angular diameter using (R-I)
2 4.5
RV/2 Angle(R-I)/10
Angle(R-I)-6.5 RV
4
1.5 3.5
3
milli-arcseconds,km/s
1 2.5
0.5 1.5
0 0.5
-0.5 -0.5
2449900 2450000 2450100 2450200 2450300 2450400 2450500 2449400 2449600 2449800 2450000 2450200 2450400 2450600 2450800
Kappa Pyx observed radial velocity and estimated angular diameter using (R-I) L2 Puppis observed radial velocity and estimated angular diameter using (R-I)
1.4 10
RV RV
Angle(R-I)-2.5 Angle(R-I)/5
1.2 8
1 6
0.8 4
0.6 2
0.4 0
0.2 -2
0 -4
2450100 2450200 2450300 2450400 2450500 2450600 2449800 2449900 2450000 2450100 2450200 2450300 2450400 2450500 2450600
Omi1 CMa observed radial velocity and estimated angular diameter using (R-I) Pi Puppis observed radial velocity and estimated angular diameter using (R-I)
0.8 3
RV/10 Angle(R-I)-6
Angle(R-I)-4 RV
2.5
0.6
2
0.4
1.5
0.2
0
0.5
-0.2
0
-0.4
-0.5
-0.6 -1
2450000 2450100 2450200 2450300 2450400 2450500 2450600 2450000 2450100 2450200 2450300 2450400 2450500 2450600
Tau4 Eri observed radial velocity and estimated angular diameter using (R-I)
7
Angle(R-I)-10
RV
6
5
-1
2450000 2450100 2450200 2450300 2450400 2450500 2450600
Julian Date
M2
ea2 a1
a2 CM ea1
M1
Binary fit of fixed period (800 days) for 3 Cet Best binary fit for Alpha Sco
1.5 3
Observed RV Observed RV
Binary Fit Binary Fit
2.5
1
2
0.5

1.5
-0.5
0.5
-1
0
-1.5 -0.5
2449250 2449300 2449350 2449400 2449450 2449500 2449550 2449600 2449650 2449700 2449750 2449400 2449450 2449500 2449550 2449600 2449650 2449700 2449750 2449800
Best binary fit for Delta1 Aps Binary fit of fixed period (3000 days) for Delta2 Gru
1 2
0 1.5
-1 1
-2
0.5
-3
0
-4
2449400 2449600 2449800 2450000 2450200 2450400 2450600 2449200 2449400 2449600 2449800 2450000 2450200 2450400 2450600
Best binary fit for Eps Car Best binary fit for Eps Col
2.5 8
6
2
1.5
1 0
-2
0.5
-4
0
-6
-0.5 -8
2449200 2449400 2449600 2449800 2450000 2450200 2450400 2450600 2449200 2449400 2449600 2449800 2450000 2450200 2450400 2450600
Phase diagram of best binary fit for Eps Car Hipparcos visual photometry for Eps Car phased to RV period
2.5 1.94
Observed RV
Binary Fit
1.96
2
1.98
1.5
Hp (Magnitude)
2
2.02
0.5
2.04
0
2.06
-0.5 2.08
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
Phase Phase
Best binary fit for Gamma Phe Binary fit of fixed period (3000 days) for GZ Vel
5
1
0
-5 0.5
-10
-15
-20 -0.5
-25
-1
-30
2449250 2449300 2449350 2449400 2449450 2449500 2449550 2449600 2449650 2449700 2449750 2449800 2449200 2449400 2449600 2449800 2450000 2450200 2450400 2450600
Best binary fit for HR 4177 Best binary fit for HR 6166
1 0.6
0.8 0.5
0.6 0.4
0.4 0.3
0.2 0.2
0 0.1
-0.2 0
-0.4 -0.1
-0.6 -0.2
-0.8 -0.3
2449400 2449600 2449800 2450000 2450200 2450400 2450600 2449400 2449600 2449800 2450000 2450200 2450400 2450600
Best binary fit for Lambda Vel Best binary fit for N VEL
0.5 1.4
1.2
0
1
-0.5

0.8
-1
0.6
-1.5
0.4
-2
0.2
-2.5 0
2449200 2449400 2449600 2449800 2450000 2450200 2450400 2450600 2449200 2449400 2449600 2449800 2450000 2450200 2450400 2450600
Best binary fit for NS Pup Binary fit of fixed period (5000 days) for Omi1 CMa
2
1.5 1
0

1
-1
-2
0.5
-3
0
-4
-5
2449200 2449400 2449600 2449800 2450000 2450200 2450400 2450600 2449200 2449400 2449600 2449800 2450000 2450200 2450400 2450600
Best binary fit for Omega Cap Best binary fit for Pi Pup
10 0.6
0.4
8
0.2
0
-0.2
4 -0.4
-0.6
2
-0.8
-1
0
-1.2
2449400 2449500 2449600 2449700 2449800 2449900 2450000 2450100 2450200 2450300 2450400 2449200 2449400 2449600 2449800 2450000 2450200 2450400 2450600
Best binary fit for Psi Phe Best binary fit for Sigma CMa
2 2.5
1.5 2
1 1.5
0.5 1
0 0.5
-0.5 0
-1 -0.5
-1.5 -1
-2 -1.5
2449200 2449400 2449600 2449800 2450000 2450200 2450400 2450600 2449200 2449400 2449600 2449800 2450000 2450200 2450400 2450600
Best binary fit for Sigma Lib
2.5
Observed RV
Binary Fit
2
1.5

1
0.5
-0.5
-1
-1.5
2449400 2449600 2449800 2450000 2450200 2450400 2450600
Julian Date
7
7
7
7
7
7
Frequency spectrum for Gamma Cru after 556-day timescale removal Frequency spectrum for Pi Pup after 1250-day timescale removal
0.18 0.18
0.16 0.16
0.14 0.14
0.12 0.12
0.1 0.1
Power
Powe
0.08 0.08
0.06 0.06
0.04 0.04
0.02 0.02
0 0
0 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.09 0.1 0 0.005 0.01 0.015 0.02 0.025 0.03 0.035 0.04
Frequency in inverse days Frequency in inverse days
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
Omega Cap’s rebinned spectra for order 43
18000
2449543 HJD
2449811 HJD
16000
14000
Flux (ADUs)
12000
10000
8000
6000
4000
5364 5364.5 5365 5365.5 5366 5366.5 5367 5367.5 5368
Wavelength (A)
Relative radial velocities for 2 Cen Relative radial velocities for 24 Cap
0.8 0.4
0.6
0.3
0.4
0.2
0.2
-0.2 0.1
-0.4
0
-0.6
-0.8
-0.1
-1
-1.2 -0.2
2449400 2449600 2449800 2450000 2450200 2450400 2450600 2449250 2449300 2449350 2449400 2449450 2449500 2449550 2449600 2449650
Relative radial velocities for 3 Cet Relative radial velocities for 62 Sgr
1.5 3.5
3
1
2.5
0.5
0 1.5
1
-0.5
0.5
-1
0
-1.5 -0.5
2449250 2449300 2449350 2449400 2449450 2449500 2449550 2449600 2449650 2449700 2449750 2449400 2449500 2449600 2449700 2449800 2449900 2450000 2450100 2450200 2450300 2450400
Relative radial velocities for Alpha Sco Relative radial velocities for Alpha TrA
2.5 0.5
0.4
2
0.3
1.5

0.2
0.1
0.5
0
0
-0.1
-0.5 -0.2
2449400 2449450 2449500 2449550 2449600 2449650 2449700 2449750 2449800 2449400 2449600 2449800 2450000 2450200 2450400 2450600
Relative radial velocities for Beta Ara Relative radial velocities for Beta Col
0.7 0.35
0.6 0.3
0.5 0.25
0.4 0.2
0.3 0.15
0.2 0.1
0.1 0.05
0 0
-0.1 -0.05
-0.2 -0.1
2449400 2449450 2449500 2449550 2449600 2449650 2449700 2449750 2449800 2449200 2449400 2449600 2449800 2450000 2450200 2450400 2450600
Relative radial velocities for Beta Gru Relative radial velocities for Beta Vol
2 0.45
0.4
1.5
0.35
1
0.3
0.5
0.25
0 0.2
0.15
-0.5
0.1
-1
0.05
-1.5
0
-2 -0.05
2449200 2449400 2449600 2449800 2450000 2450200 2450400 2450600 2449200 2449400 2449600 2449800 2450000 2450200 2450400 2450600
Relative radial velocities for Delta1 Aps Relative radial velocities for Delta2 Gru
0 2
-0.5
1.5
-1

-1.5
1
-2
0.5
-2.5
-3
0
-3.5
-4 -0.5
2449400 2449600 2449800 2450000 2450200 2450400 2450600 2449200 2449400 2449600 2449800 2450000 2450200 2450400 2450600
Relative radial velocities for Epsilon Car Relative radial velocities for Epsilon Col
2.5 6
4
2
2
1.5
-2
0.5
-4
0
-6
-0.5 -8
2449200 2449400 2449600 2449800 2450000 2450200 2450400 2450600 2449200 2449400 2449600 2449800 2450000 2450200 2450400 2450600
Relative radial velocities for Epsilon Cru Relative radial velocities for Epsilon Mus
0.7 1
0.6
0.5
0.5
0
0.4
0.3 -0.5
0.2 -1
0.1
-1.5
0
-2
-0.1
-0.2 -2.5
2449400 2449450 2449500 2449550 2449600 2449650 2449700 2449750 2449800 2449400 2449600 2449800 2450000 2450200 2450400 2450600
Relative radial velocities for Epsilon Sco Relative radial velocities for Epsilon TrA
0.35 0.25
0.3 0.2
0.25
0.15
0.2

0.1
0.15
0.05
0.1
0
0.05
-0.05
0
-0.05 -0.1
-0.1 -0.15
2449400 2449450 2449500 2449550 2449600 2449650 2449700 2449750 2449800 2449400 2449450 2449500 2449550 2449600 2449650 2449700 2449750 2449800
Relative radial velocities for Eta2 Dor Relative radial velocities for Eta2 Pic
0.8 0.4
0.6
0.3
0.4
0.2
0.2
0 0.1
-0.2
0
-0.4
-0.1
-0.6
-0.8 -0.2
2449200 2449400 2449600 2449800 2450000 2450200 2450400 2450600 2449250 2449300 2449350 2449400 2449450 2449500 2449550 2449600 2449650 2449700 2449750 2449800
Relative radial velocities for Eta Scl Relative radial velocities for Eta Sgr
2.5 0
2
-0.1
1.5
-0.2
-0.3
0.5
-0.4
0
-0.5
-0.5
-1 -0.6
2449200 2449400 2449600 2449800 2450000 2450200 2450400 2450600 2449400 2449450 2449500 2449550 2449600 2449650 2449700 2449750 2449800
Relative radial velocities for Gamma Cha Relative radial velocities for Gamma Cru
0.2 1.2
0.1 1
0
0.8
-0.1
0.6

-0.2
0.4
-0.3
0.2
-0.4
0
-0.5
-0.2
-0.6
-0.7 -0.4
-0.8 -0.6
2449350 2449400 2449450 2449500 2449550 2449600 2449650 2449700 2449750 2449800 2449400 2449600 2449800 2450000 2450200 2450400 2450600
Relative radial velocities for Gamma Hyi Relative radial velocities for Gamma Phe
0.6 5
0.5
0
0.4
-5
0.3
0.2 -10
0.1 -15
0
-20
-0.1
-25
-0.2
-0.3 -30
2449250 2449300 2449350 2449400 2449450 2449500 2449550 2449600 2449650 2449700 2449750 2449800 2449250 2449300 2449350 2449400 2449450 2449500 2449550 2449600 2449650 2449700 2449750 2449800
Relative radial velocities for Gamma Ret Relative radial velocities for GZ Vel
2 1.5
1.5
1
0.5
0.5
0 0
-0.5
-0.5
-1
-1
-1.5
-2 -1.5
2449200 2449400 2449600 2449800 2450000 2450200 2450400 2450600 2449200 2449400 2449600 2449800 2450000 2450200 2450400 2450600
Relative radial velocities for HR 3017 Relative radial velocities for HR 4177
0.4 1
0.3 0.8
0.6
0.2
0.4

0.1
0.2
0
0
-0.1
-0.2
-0.2
-0.4
-0.3 -0.6
-0.4 -0.8
2449250 2449300 2449350 2449400 2449450 2449500 2449550 2449600 2449650 2449700 2449750 2449800 2449400 2449600 2449800 2450000 2450200 2450400 2450600
Relative radial velocities for HR 6166 Relative radial velocities for Kappa Pyx
0.6 1
0.5
0.8
0.4
0.6
0.3
0.2 0.4
0.1 0.2
0
0
-0.1
-0.2
-0.2
-0.3 -0.4
2449400 2449600 2449800 2450000 2450200 2450400 2450600 2449200 2449400 2449600 2449800 2450000 2450200 2450400 2450600
Relative radial velocities for L2 Pup Relative radial velocities for Lambda Vel
5 0.5
4
0
3
2
-0.5
0 -1
-1
-1.5
-2
-3
-2
-4
-5 -2.5
2449200 2449400 2449600 2449800 2450000 2450200 2450400 2450600 2449200 2449400 2449600 2449800 2450000 2450200 2450400 2450600
Relative radial velocities for NS Pup Relative radial velocities for N Vel
1.6 1.4
1.4
1.2
1.2
1 1

0.8
0.8
0.6
0.6
0.4
0.2 0.4
0
0.2
-0.2
-0.4 0
2449200 2449400 2449600 2449800 2450000 2450200 2450400 2450600 2449200 2449400 2449600 2449800 2450000 2450200 2450400 2450600
Relative radial velocities for Omi1 CMa Relative radial velocities for Omega Cap
1 8
7
0
6
5
-1
-2 3
2
-3
1
0
-4
-1
-5 -2
2449200 2449400 2449600 2449800 2450000 2450200 2450400 2450600 2449400 2449500 2449600 2449700 2449800 2449900 2450000 2450100 2450200 2450300 2450400
Relative radial velocities for Pi Pup Relative radial velocities for Psi Phe
0.6 1.5
0.4
1
0.2
0.5
0
-0.2 0
-0.4 -0.5
-0.6
-1
-0.8
-1.5
-1
-1.2 -2
2449200 2449400 2449600 2449800 2450000 2450200 2450400 2450600 2449200 2449400 2449600 2449800 2450000 2450200 2450400 2450600
Relative radial velocities for Sigma CMa Relative radial velocities for Sigma Lib
2 2
1.5 1.5
1 1

0.5 0.5
0 0
-0.5 -0.5
-1 -1
-1.5 -1.5
2449200 2449400 2449600 2449800 2450000 2450200 2450400 2450600 2449400 2449600 2449800 2450000 2450200 2450400 2450600
Relative radial velocities for the Sun

0.25
0.2
0.15
0.1
0.05
-0.05
-0.1
-0.15
-0.2
2449500 2449600 2449700 2449800 2449900 2450000 2450100 2450200 2450300 2450400 2450500 2450600
Julian Date
Relative radial velocities for Tau4 Eri Relative radial velocities for V337 Car
2 0.7
0.6
1.5
0.5
0.4
1
0.3
0.5
0.2
0.1
0
-0.5 -0.1
2449200 2449400 2449600 2449800 2450000 2450200 2450400 2450600 2449200 2449400 2449600 2449800 2450000 2450200 2450400 2450600
Lomb-Scargle Periodograms of 2 Cen’s radial velocities Lomb-Scargle Periodogram of 24 Cap’s radial velocities
16 10
Initial periodogram Initial periodogram
Dominant period removed 99% Sig. level
99% Sig. level
14
8
12
10
6
Periodogram
Periodogram
4
6
4
2
0 0
0.000 0.005 0.010 0.015 0.020 0.025 0.030 0.000 0.002 0.004 0.006 0.008 0.010 0.012 0.014 0.016 0.018 0.020
Frequency (1/d) Frequency (1/d)
Lomb-Scargle Periodogram of 3 Cet’s radial velocities Lomb-Scargle Periodograms of 62 Sgr’s radial velocities
10 14
99% Sig. level Dominant period removed
Secondary period removed
12 Tertiary period removed
99% Sig. level
8
10
6
Periodogram
Periodogram
6
4
2
2
0 0
0.000 0.002 0.004 0.006 0.008 0.010 0.012 0.014 0.016 0.018 0.000 0.005 0.010 0.015 0.020 0.025 0.030
Lomb-Scargle Periodogram of Alpha Sco’s radial velocities Lomb-Scargle Periodograms of Alpha TrA’s radial velocities
10 14
99% Sig. level
12
8
10
6
Periodogram
Periodogram
8
6
4
2
2
0 0
0.000 0.005 0.010 0.015 0.020 0.025 0.030 0.035 0.040 0.000 0.005 0.010 0.015 0.020 0.025 0.030 0.035
Lomb-Scargle Periodogram of Beta Ara’s radial velocities Lomb-Scargle Periodogram of Beta Col’s radial velocities
10 10
99% Sig. level 99% Sig. level
8 8
6 6
Periodogram
Periodogram
4 4
2 2
0 0
0.000 0.005 0.010 0.015 0.020 0.025 0.030 0.035 0.040 0.000 0.002 0.004 0.006 0.008 0.010 0.012 0.014 0.016 0.018 0.020
Lomb-Scargle Periodograms of Beta Gru’s radial velocities Lomb-Scargle Periodogram of Beta Vol’s radial velocities
30 10
Tertiary period removed
25 99% Sig. level
8
20
6
Periodogram
Periodogram
15
4
10
2
5
0 0
0.000 0.010 0.020 0.030 0.040 0.050 0.060 0.070 0.080 0.000 0.002 0.004 0.006 0.008 0.010 0.012 0.014 0.016 0.018 0.020
Lomb-Scargle Periodograms of Delta1 Aps’ radial velocities Lomb-Scargle Periodograms of Delta2 Gru’s radial velocities
25 14
Dominant period removed Dominant period removed
Secondary period removed Secondary period removed
Tertiary period removed 12 99% Sig. level
Fourth period removed
20 99% Sig. level
10
15
Periodogram
Periodogram
8
6
10
5
2
0 0
0.000 0.010 0.020 0.030 0.040 0.050 0.060 0.070 0.000 0.010 0.020 0.030 0.040 0.050 0.060 0.070
Lomb-Scargle Periodograms of Epsilon Car’s radial velocities Lomb-Scargle Periodograms of Epsilon Col’s radial velocities
25 12
10
20
8
15
Periodogram
Periodogram
10
4
5
2
0 0
0.000 0.005 0.010 0.015 0.020 0.025 0.030 0.000 0.005 0.010 0.015 0.020 0.025
Lomb-Scargle Periodogram of Epsilon Cru’s radial velocities Lomb-Scargle Periodograms of Epsilon Mus’ radial velocities
10 18
99% Sig. level
8
14
12
6
Periodogram
Periodogram
10
8
4
6
4
2
0 0
0.000 0.005 0.010 0.015 0.020 0.025 0.000 0.005 0.010 0.015 0.020 0.025 0.030 0.035
Lomb-Scargle Periodogram of Epsilon Sco’s radial velocities Lomb-Scargle Periodogram of Epsilon TrA’s radial velocities
10 10
8 8
6 6
Periodogram
Periodogram
4 4
2 2
0 0
0.000 0.005 0.010 0.015 0.020 0.025 0.030 0.035 0.000 0.002 0.004 0.006 0.008 0.010 0.012 0.014 0.016 0.018 0.020
Lomb-Scargle Periodograms of Eta2 Dor’s radial velocities Lomb-Scargle Periodogram of Eta2 Pic’s radial velocities
18 10
99% Sig. level
8
14
12
6
Periodogram
Periodogram
10
8
4
6
4
2
0 0
0.000 0.005 0.010 0.015 0.020 0.025 0.030 0.000 0.005 0.010 0.015 0.020 0.025 0.030
Lomb-Scargle Periodogram of Eta Scl’s radial velocities Lomb-Scargle Periodogram of Eta Sgr’s radial velocities
10 10
8 8
6 6
Periodogram
Periodogram
4 4
2 2
0 0
0.000 0.005 0.010 0.015 0.020 0.025 0.000 0.005 0.010 0.015 0.020 0.025
Lomb-Scargle Periodogram of Gamma Cha’s radial velocities Lomb-Scargle Periodograms of Gamma Cru’s radial velocities
10 30
25 99% Sig. level
8
20
6
Periodogram
Periodogram
15
4
10
2
5
0 0
0.000 0.002 0.004 0.006 0.008 0.010 0.012 0.014 0.016 0.018 0.020 0.000 0.010 0.020 0.030 0.040 0.050 0.060 0.070 0.080 0.090 0.100
Lomb-Scargle Periodogram of Gamma Hyi’s radial velocities Lomb-Scargle Periodograms of Gamma Phe’s radial velocities
10 10
99% Sig. level
8 8
6 6
Periodogram
Periodogram
4 4
2 2
0 0
0.000 0.005 0.010 0.015 0.020 0.025 0.000 0.002 0.004 0.006 0.008 0.010 0.012 0.014 0.016 0.018
Lomb-Scargle Periodograms of Gamma Ret’s radial velocities Lomb-Scargle Periodograms of GZ Vel’s radial velocities
12 16
99% Sig. level 14 99% Sig. level
10
12
8
10
Periodogram
Periodogram
6 8
6
4
2
2
0 0
0.000 0.005 0.010 0.015 0.020 0.025 0.000 0.002 0.004 0.006 0.008 0.010 0.012 0.014 0.016 0.018
Lomb-Scargle Periodogram of HR 3017’s radial velocities Lomb-Scargle Periodograms of HR 4177’s radial velocities
10 14
99% Sig. level
12
8
10
6
Periodogram
Periodogram
8
6
4
2
2
0 0
0.000 0.005 0.010 0.015 0.020 0.025 0.000 0.002 0.004 0.006 0.008 0.010 0.012 0.014 0.016
Lomb-Scargle Periodograms of HR 6166’s radial velocities Lomb-Scargle Periodograms of Kappa Pyx’s radial velocities
16 10
14
8
12
10
6
Periodogram
Periodogram
4
6
4
2
0 0
0.000 0.002 0.004 0.006 0.008 0.010 0.012 0.014 0.016 0.018 0.020 0.000 0.002 0.004 0.006 0.008 0.010 0.012 0.014 0.016 0.018 0.020
Lomb-Scargle Periodograms of L2 Pup’s radial velocities Lomb-Scargle Periodograms of Lambda Vel’s radial velocities
18 35
16 Secondary period removed Secondary period removed
99% Sig. level 30 Tertiary period removed
99% Sig. level
14
25
12
Periodogram
Periodogram
10 20
8 15
6
10
4
5
2
0 0
0.000 0.002 0.004 0.006 0.008 0.010 0.012 0.014 0.016 0.018 0.020 0.022 0.000 0.005 0.010 0.015 0.020 0.025 0.030
Lomb-Scargle Periodograms of NS Pup’s radial velocities Lomb-Scargle Periodograms of N Vel’s radial velocities
16 16
14 14
12 12
10 10
Periodogram
Periodogram
8 8
6 6
4 4
2 2
0 0
0.000 0.002 0.004 0.006 0.008 0.010 0.012 0.014 0.000 0.002 0.004 0.006 0.008 0.010 0.012 0.014 0.016 0.018
Lomb-Scargle Periodograms of Omi1 CMa’s radial velocities Lomb-Scargle Periodograms of Omega Cap’s radial velocities
16 18
Secondary period removed 16 Secondary period removed
14 Tertiary period removed Tertiary period removed
Fourth period removed Fourth period removed
Fifth period removed 99% Sig. level
99% Sig. level 14
12
12
10
Periodogram
Periodogram
10
8
8
6
6
4
4
2 2
0 0
0.000 0.010 0.020 0.030 0.040 0.050 0.060 0.070 0.000 0.002 0.004 0.006 0.008 0.010 0.012 0.014 0.016 0.018 0.020
Lomb-Scargle Periodograms of Pi Pup’s radial velocities Lomb-Scargle Periodograms of Psi Phe’s radial velocities
30 14
Tertiary period removed 12 99% Sig. level
25 99% Sig. level
10
20
Periodogram
Periodogram
15
10
4
5
2
0 0
0.000 0.005 0.010 0.015 0.020 0.025 0.030 0.035 0.040 0.000 0.005 0.010 0.015 0.020 0.025
Lomb-Scargle Periodograms of Sigma CMa’s radial velocities Lomb-Scargle Periodograms of Sigma Lib’s radial velocities
25 20
Secondary period removed 18 Secondary period removed
20 16
14
15 12
Periodogram
Periodogram
10
10 8
5 4
0 0
0.000 0.005 0.010 0.015 0.020 0.025 0.000 0.005 0.010 0.015 0.020 0.025
Lomb-Scargle Periodogram of the Sun’s radial velocities

12
Initial periodogram
99% Sig. level
10
8
Periodogram
0
0.000 0.020 0.040 0.060 0.080 0.100 0.120 0.140 0.160
Frequency (1/d)
Lomb-Scargle Periodograms of Tau4 Eri’s radial velocities Lomb-Scargle Periodogram of V337 Car’s radial velocities
25 10
99% Sig. level
20 8
15 6
Periodogram
Periodogram
10 4
5 2
0 0
0.000 0.005 0.010 0.015 0.020 0.025 0.030 0.035 0.000 0.002 0.004 0.006 0.008 0.010 0.012 0.014 0.016 0.018
Radial velocities of 2 Cen phased to 556 days Radial velocities of 62 Sgr phased to 588 days
1 3.5
556-day Sine 588-day Sine
3
0.5
2.5
Relative RV (km/s)
Relative RV (km/s) 2
0
1.5
1
-0.5
0.5
0
-1
-0.5
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
Phase Phase
Radial velocities of Alpha TrA phased to 57 days Radial velocities of Beta Gru phased to 833 days
0.5 2
1.5
0.4
1
0.3
Relative RV (km/s)
Relative RV (km/s)
0.5
0.2
0.1
-0.5
0
-1
-0.1
-1.5
-0.2 -2
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
Phase Phase
Radial velocities of Epsilon Car phased to 833 days Radial velocities of Epsilon Mus phased to 63 days
2.5 1
0.5
2
0
1.5
Relative RV (km/s)
Relative RV (km/s)
-0.5
-1
0.5
-1.5
0
-2
-0.5 -2.5
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
Phase Phase
Radial velocities of Eta2 Dor phased to 667 days Radial velocities of Gamma Cru phased to 556 days
1
0.8
1
0.6
0.4
Relative RV (km/s)
Relative RV (km/s)
0.2 0.5
-0.2
0
-0.4
-0.6
-0.5
-0.8
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
Phase Phase
Radial velocities of Gamma Phe phased to 192.3 days Radial velocities of HR 4177 phased to 435 days
10 1
192.3-day Sine 435-day Sine
5 0.8
0 0.6
-5 0.4
Relative RV (km/s)
Relative RV (km/s)
-10 0.2
-15 0
-20 -0.2
-25 -0.4
-30 -0.6
-35 -0.8
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
Phase Phase
Radial velocities of HR 6166 phased to 476 days Radial velocities of Kappa Pyx phased to 526 days
1.2
0.6
1
0.8
0.4
Relative RV (km/s)
Relative RV (km/s)
0.6
0.2 0.4
0.2
0
0
-0.2
-0.2
-0.4
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
Phase Phase
Radial velocities of L2 Pup phased to 141 days Radial velocities of N Vel phased to 625 days
5 1.4
4
1.2
3
2 1
Relative RV (km/s)
Relative RV (km/s)
1
0.8
0.6
-1
-2 0.4
-3
0.2
-4
-5 0
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
Phase Phase
Radial velocities of Omega Cap phased to 476 days Radial velocities of Omi1 CMa phased to 179 days
2
8
1
6 0
Relative RV (km/s)
Relative RV (km/s)
-1
4
-2
2
-3
0
-4
-2 -5
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
Phase Phase
Radial velocities of Psi Phe phased to 588 days Radial velocities of Sigma Lib phased to 556 days
1.5 2.5
2
1
1.5
0.5
Relative RV (km/s)
Relative RV (km/s)
1
0
0.5
-0.5
0
-1
-0.5
-1.5
-1
-2 -1.5
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
Phase Phase
Radial velocities of Tau4 Eri phased to 588 days

2
Observed RV
588-day Sine
1.5
Relative RV (km/s)
0.5
-0.5
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
Phase
Mt John photometry for Beta Gru Mt John photometry for Beta Gru’s check star
1.95 5.485
2 5.49
5.495
2.05
5.5
2.1 5.505
V
2.15 5.51
5.515
2.2
5.52
2.25 5.525
2.3 5.53
49900 50000 50100 50200 50300 50400 50500 50600 50700 49900 50000 50100 50200 50300 50400 50500 50600 50700
1.64 0.605
1.62 0.6
1.6 0.595
1.58 0.59
1.56 0.585
(R-I)
(R-I)
1.54 0.58
1.52 0.575
1.5 0.57
1.48 0.565
1.46 0.56
49900 50000 50100 50200 50300 50400 50500 50600 50700 49900 50000 50100 50200 50300 50400 50500 50600 50700
1.65 1.305
1.64 1.3
1.295
1.63
1.29
1.62
(B-V)
(B-V)
1.285
1.61 1.28
1.275
1.6
1.27
1.59 1.265
1.58 1.26
49900 50000 50100 50200 50300 50400 50500 50600 50700 49900 50000 50100 50200 50300 50400 50500 50600 50700
Mt John photometry for Delta1 Aps Mt John photometry for Delta1 Aps’ check star
4.55 5.01
4.6 5.015
4.65 5.02
5.025
4.7
5.03
V
V
4.75
5.035
4.8 5.04
4.85 5.045
4.9 5.05
49800 49900 50000 50100 50200 50300 50400 50500 50600 50700 49800 49900 50000 50100 50200 50300 50400 50500 50600 50700
1.66 0.76
1.64
0.75
1.62
1.6 0.74
1.58
(R-I)
(R-I)
0.73
1.56
1.54 0.72
1.52
0.71
1.5
1.48 0.7
49800 49900 50000 50100 50200 50300 50400 50500 50600 50700 49800 49900 50000 50100 50200 50300 50400 50500 50600 50700
1.73 1.52
1.72 1.51
1.71
1.5
1.7
1.49
(B-V)
(B-V)
1.69
1.68 1.48
1.67
1.47
1.66
1.65 1.46
1.64 1.45
49800 49900 50000 50100 50200 50300 50400 50500 50600 50700 49800 49900 50000 50100 50200 50300 50400 50500 50600 50700
Mt John photometry for Delta2 Gru Mt John photometry for Delta2 Gru’s check star
4.06 5.485
4.08 5.49
4.1
5.495
4.12
4.14 5.5
4.16 5.505
V
4.18 5.51
4.2 5.515
4.22
5.52
4.24
4.26 5.525
4.28 5.53
49900 50000 50100 50200 50300 50400 50500 50600 50700 49900 50000 50100 50200 50300 50400 50500 50600 50700
1.48 0.605
1.47 0.6
1.46 0.595
1.45 0.59
1.44
0.585
(R-I)
(R-I)
1.43
0.58
1.42
1.41 0.575
1.4 0.57
1.39 0.565
1.38 0.56
49900 50000 50100 50200 50300 50400 50500 50600 50700 49900 50000 50100 50200 50300 50400 50500 50600 50700
1.61 1.32
1.605
1.6 1.31
1.595
1.59 1.3
(B-V)
(B-V)
1.585
1.29
1.58
1.575 1.28
1.57
1.565 1.27
1.56
1.555 1.26
49900 50000 50100 50200 50300 50400 50500 50600 50700 49900 50000 50100 50200 50300 50400 50500 50600 50700
Mt John photometry for Epsilon Col Mt John photometry for Epsilon Col’s check star
3.83 6.835
3.835 6.84
6.845
3.84
6.85
3.845 6.855
3.85 6.86
V
V
3.855 6.865
6.87
3.86
6.875
3.865 6.88
3.87 6.885
50000 50100 50200 50300 50400 50500 50600 50700 50000 50100 50200 50300 50400 50500 50600 50700
0.55 0.68
0.545 0.67
0.54 0.66
0.535 0.65
(R-I)
(R-I)
0.53 0.64
0.525 0.63
0.52 0.62
0.515 0.61
0.51 0.6
50000 50100 50200 50300 50400 50500 50600 50700 50000 50100 50200 50300 50400 50500 50600 50700
1.175 1.42
1.17 1.41
1.165 1.4
1.16 1.39
1.38
(B-V)
(B-V)
1.155
1.37
1.15
1.36
1.145 1.35
1.14 1.34
1.135 1.33
1.13 1.32
50000 50100 50200 50300 50400 50500 50600 50700 50000 50100 50200 50300 50400 50500 50600 50700
Mt John photometry for Epsilon Mus Mt John photometry for Epsilon Mus’ check star
3.95 5.915
4 5.92
4.05 5.925
4.1 5.93
4.15 5.935
V
4.2 5.94
4.25 5.945
4.3 5.95
4.35 5.955
49800 49900 50000 50100 50200 50300 50400 50500 50600 50700 49800 49900 50000 50100 50200 50300 50400 50500 50600 50700
1.7 0.5
1.68 0.49
1.66 0.48
0.47
1.64
0.46
(R-I)
(R-I)
1.62
0.45
1.6
0.44
1.58 0.43
1.56 0.42
1.54 0.41
49800 49900 50000 50100 50200 50300 50400 50500 50600 50700 49800 49900 50000 50100 50200 50300 50400 50500 50600 50700
1.63 1.03
1.62
1.02
1.61
1.6 1.01
(B-V)
(B-V)
1.59
1
1.58
1.57 0.99
1.56
0.98
1.55
1.54 0.97
49800 49900 50000 50100 50200 50300 50400 50500 50600 50700 49800 49900 50000 50100 50200 50300 50400 50500 50600 50700
Mt John photometry for Eta Scl Mt John photometry for Eta Scl’s star 5
4.74 6.635
4.76 6.64
4.78 6.645
4.8 6.65
6.655
4.82
6.66
V
V
4.84
6.665
4.86 6.67
4.88 6.675
4.9 6.68
4.92 6.685
49900 50000 50100 50200 50300 50400 50500 50600 50700 49900 50000 50100 50200 50300 50400 50500 50600 50700
1.35 0.63
1.34
0.625
1.33
1.32 0.62
1.31 0.615
(R-I)
(R-I)
1.3
1.29 0.61
1.28 0.605
1.27
0.6
1.26
1.25 0.595
49900 50000 50100 50200 50300 50400 50500 50600 50700 49900 50000 50100 50200 50300 50400 50500 50600 50700
1.655 1.32
1.65
1.645 1.31
1.64
1.635 1.3
(B-V)
(B-V)
1.63
1.29
1.625
1.62 1.28
1.615
1.61 1.27
1.605
1.6 1.26
49900 50000 50100 50200 50300 50400 50500 50600 50700 49900 50000 50100 50200 50300 50400 50500 50600 50700
Mt John photometry for Gamma Cru Mt John photometry for Gamma Cru’s check star
1.5 5.29
1.52 5.295
1.54
5.3
1.56
1.58 5.305
1.6 5.31
V
1.62 5.315
1.64
5.32
1.66
1.68 5.325
1.7 5.33
49800 49900 50000 50100 50200 50300 50400 50500 50600 50700 50800 49800 49900 50000 50100 50200 50300 50400 50500 50600 50700
1.4 0.71
1.38 0.705
1.36 0.7
1.34 0.695
1.32 0.69
(R-I)
(R-I)
1.3 0.685
1.28 0.68
1.26 0.675
1.24 0.67
1.22 0.665
49800 49900 50000 50100 50200 50300 50400 50500 50600 50700 50800 49800 49900 50000 50100 50200 50300 50400 50500 50600 50700
1.63 1.45
1.62 1.445
1.61 1.44
1.435
1.6
(B-V)
(B-V)
1.43
1.59
1.425
1.58
1.42
1.57 1.415
1.56 1.41
1.55 1.405
49800 49900 50000 50100 50200 50300 50400 50500 50600 50700 50800 49800 49900 50000 50100 50200 50300 50400 50500 50600 50700
Mt John photometry for Kappa Pyx Mt John photometry for Kappa Pyx’s check star
4.58 6.22
4.585
6.225
4.59
6.23
4.595
4.6 6.235
V
V
4.605
6.24
4.61
6.245
4.615
4.62 6.25
50000 50100 50200 50300 50400 50500 50600 50700 50000 50100 50200 50300 50400 50500 50600 50700
0.83 0.505
0.82 0.5
0.81 0.495
0.8 0.49
0.485
0.79
(R-I)
(R-I)
0.48
0.78
0.475
0.77 0.47
0.76 0.465
0.75 0.46
0.74 0.455
50000 50100 50200 50300 50400 50500 50600 50700 50000 50100 50200 50300 50400 50500 50600 50700
1.6 1.06
1.59 1.05
1.58
1.04
1.57
(B-V)
1.56 (B-V) 1.03
1.02
1.55
1.54 1.01
1.53 1
50000 50100 50200 50300 50400 50500 50600 50700 50000 50100 50200 50300 50400 50500 50600 50700
Mt John photometry for L2 Pup Mt John photometry for L2 Pup’s check star
4 7.11
4.2 7.12
4.4 7.13
4.6 7.14
4.8 7.15
5 7.16
V
5.2 7.17
5.4 7.18
5.6 7.19
5.8 7.2
6 7.21
49800 49900 50000 50100 50200 50300 50400 50500 50600 50700 49800 49900 50000 50100 50200 50300 50400 50500 50600 50700
2.2 1.01
1
2.15
0.99
2.1
0.98
(R-I)
(R-I)
2.05 0.97
0.96
2
0.95
1.95
0.94
1.9 0.93
49800 49900 50000 50100 50200 50300 50400 50500 50600 50700 49800 49900 50000 50100 50200 50300 50400 50500 50600 50700
1.95 1.58
1.9 1.57
1.85 1.56
1.8 1.55
1.54
(B-V)
(B-V)
1.75
1.53
1.7
1.52
1.65 1.51
1.6 1.5
1.55 1.49
1.5 1.48
49800 49900 50000 50100 50200 50300 50400 50500 50600 50700 49800 49900 50000 50100 50200 50300 50400 50500 50600 50700
Mt John photometry for Omega Cap Mt John photometry for Omega Cap’s check star
4.09 6.48
4.095
4.1 6.49
4.105 6.5
4.11
4.115 6.51
V
V
4.12
4.125 6.52
4.13 6.53
4.135
4.14 6.54
49900 50000 50100 50200 50300 50400 50500 50600 50700 49900 50000 50100 50200 50300 50400 50500 50600 50700
0.88 0.51
0.87 0.5
0.49
0.86
0.48
(R-I)
(R-I)
0.85
0.47
0.84
0.46
0.83 0.45
0.82 0.44
49900 50000 50100 50200 50300 50400 50500 50600 50700 49900 50000 50100 50200 50300 50400 50500 50600 50700
1.64 0.98
1.635
1.63 0.97
1.625
1.62 0.96
(B-V)
(B-V)
1.615
0.95
1.61
1.605 0.94
1.6
1.595 0.93
1.59
1.585 0.92
49900 50000 50100 50200 50300 50400 50500 50600 50700 49900 50000 50100 50200 50300 50400 50500 50600 50700
Mt John photometry for o1 CMa Mt John photometry for o1 CMa’s check star
3.74 6.05
3.76 6.055
3.78 6.06
3.8 6.065
3.82 6.07
3.84 6.075
V
3.86 6.08
3.88 6.085
3.9 6.09
3.92 6.095
3.94 6.1
3.96 6.105
50000 50100 50200 50300 50400 50500 50600 50700 50000 50100 50200 50300 50400 50500 50600 50700
0.75 0.56
0.74 0.55
0.73 0.54
0.72
0.53
(R-I)
(R-I)
0.71
0.52
0.7
0.69 0.51
0.68 0.5
0.67 0.49
50000 50100 50200 50300 50400 50500 50600 50700 50000 50100 50200 50300 50400 50500 50600 50700
1.79 1.26
1.78 1.25
1.77 1.24
1.76 1.23
1.75
(B-V)
(B-V)
1.22
1.74
1.21
1.73
1.72 1.2
1.71 1.19
1.7 1.18
1.69 1.17
50000 50100 50200 50300 50400 50500 50600 50700 50000 50100 50200 50300 50400 50500 50600 50700
Mt John photometry for Pi Pup Mt John photometry for Pi Pup’s check star
2.62 6.73
6.735
2.64
6.74
2.66 6.745
2.68 6.75
6.755
V
V
2.7 6.76
2.72 6.765
6.77
2.74
6.775
2.76 6.78
50000 50100 50200 50300 50400 50500 50600 50700 50800 50000 50100 50200 50300 50400 50500 50600 50700 50800
0.82 0.61
0.8 0.6
0.78 0.59
0.58
0.76
(R-I)
(R-I)
0.57
0.74
0.56
0.72 0.55
0.7 0.54
0.68 0.53
50000 50100 50200 50300 50400 50500 50600 50700 50800 50000 50100 50200 50300 50400 50500 50600 50700 50800
1.64 1.35
1.63 1.34
1.62 1.33
1.61 1.32
1.6 1.31
(B-V)
1.59 (B-V) 1.3

1.58 1.29
1.57 1.28
1.56 1.27
1.55 1.26
1.54 1.25
50000 50100 50200 50300 50400 50500 50600 50700 50800 50000 50100 50200 50300 50400 50500 50600 50700 50800
Mt John photometry for Tau4 Eri Mt John photometry for Tau4 Eri’s check star
3.56 6.34
3.58
3.6 6.35
3.62 6.36
3.64
3.66 6.37
V
3.68 6.38
3.7
3.72 6.39
3.74 6.4
3.76
3.78 6.41
50000 50100 50200 50300 50400 50500 50600 50700 50800 50000 50100 50200 50300 50400 50500 50600 50700 50800
1.48 0.53
1.46 0.52
1.44 0.51
0.5
1.42
0.49
(R-I)
(R-I)
1.4
0.48
1.38
0.47
1.36 0.46
1.34 0.45
1.32 0.44
50000 50100 50200 50300 50400 50500 50600 50700 50800 50000 50100 50200 50300 50400 50500 50600 50700 50800
1.67 1.02
1.66
1
1.65
1.64 0.98
(B-V)
(B-V)
1.63
0.96
1.62
1.61 0.94
1.6
0.92
1.59
1.58 0.9
50000 50100 50200 50300 50400 50500 50600 50700 50800 50000 50100 50200 50300 50400 50500 50600 50700 50800
Hipparcos visual photometry for 2 Cen Hipparcos visual photometry for 24 Cap
3.95 4.58
4.6
4
4.62
Hp (Magnitdue)
Hp (Magnitdue)
4.05
4.64
4.1
4.66
4.15
4.68
4.2 4.7
2447800 2448000 2448200 2448400 2448600 2448800 2449000 2449200 47900 48000 48100 48200 48300 48400 48500 48600 48700 48800 48900 49000
Julian Date Julian Date - 2400000
Hipparcos visual photometry for 3 Cet Hipparcos visual photometry for 62 Sgr
5.06 4.34
4.36
5.07
4.38
5.08
4.4
5.09 4.42
Hp (Magnitdue)
Hp (Magnitdue)
4.44
5.1
4.46
5.11 4.48
4.5
5.12
4.52
5.13
4.54
5.14 4.56
48000 48100 48200 48300 48400 48500 48600 48700 48800 48900 49000 49100 2447800 2448000 2448200 2448400 2448600 2448800 2449000 2449200
Julian Date - 2400000 Julian Date
Hipparcos visual photometry for Alpha Sco Hipparcos visual photometry for Alpha TrA
0.85 2.055
2.06
0.9 2.065
2.07
Hp (Magnitdue)
Hp (Magnitdue)
0.95 2.075
2.08
1 2.085
2.09
1.05 2.095
2.1
1.1 2.105
2447900 2448000 2448100 2448200 2448300 2448400 2448500 2448600 2448700 2448800 2448900 2447900 2448000 2448100 2448200 2448300 2448400 2448500 2448600 2448700 2448800 2448900
Hipparcos visual photometry for Beta Ara Hipparcos visual photometry for Beta Col
2.95 3.27
2.96 3.275
2.97 3.28
Hp (Magnitdue)
Hp (Magnitdue)
2.98 3.285
2.99 3.29
3 3.295
3.01 3.3
3.02 3.305
2447800 2448000 2448200 2448400 2448600 2448800 2449000 2449200 2447800 2448000 2448200 2448400 2448600 2448800 2449000 2449200
Hipparcos visual photometry for Beta Gru Hipparcos visual photometry for Beta Vol
1.9 3.91
1.95
3.92
2
3.93
Hp (Magnitdue)
Hp (Magnitdue)
2.05
3.94
2.1
3.95
2.15
3.96
2.2
2.25 3.97
2447800 2448000 2448200 2448400 2448600 2448800 2449000 2447800 2448000 2448200 2448400 2448600 2448800 2449000 2449200
Hipparcos visual photometry for Delta1 Aps Hipparcos visual photometry for Delta2 Gru
4.5 4.06
4.55 4.08
4.6 4.1
4.65 4.12
Hp (Magnitdue)
Hp (Magnitdue)
4.7 4.14
4.75 4.16
4.8 4.18
4.85 4.2
4.9 4.22
2447800 2448000 2448200 2448400 2448600 2448800 2449000 2449200 2447800 2448000 2448200 2448400 2448600 2448800 2449000
Hipparcos visual photometry for Epsilon Car Hipparcos visual photometry for Epsilon Col
1.94 4
1.96 4.01
1.98 4.02
Hp (Magnitdue)
Hp (Magnitdue)
2 4.03
2.02 4.04
2.04 4.05
2.06 4.06
2.08 4.07
2448000 2448200 2448400 2448600 2448800 2449000 2449200 47800 47900 48000 48100 48200 48300 48400 48500 48600 48700 48800 48900
Hipparcos visual photometry for Epsilon Cru Hipparcos visual photometry for Epsilon Mus
3.7 3.9
3.71 3.95
3.72 4
Hp (Magnitdue)
Hp (Magnitdue)
3.73 4.05
3.74 4.1
3.75 4.15
3.76 4.2
3.77 4.25
2447800 2448000 2448200 2448400 2448600 2448800 2449000 2449200 2447800 2448000 2448200 2448400 2448600 2448800 2449000 2449200
Hipparcos visual photometry for Epsilon Sco Hipparcos visual photometry for Epsilon TrA
2.435 4.25
2.44
4.26
2.445
4.27
2.45
Hp (Magnitdue)
Hp (Magnitdue)
4.28
2.455
4.29
2.46
4.3
2.465
4.31
2.47
2.475 4.32
2447800 2448000 2448200 2448400 2448600 2448800 2449000 2449200 2447800 2448000 2448200 2448400 2448600 2448800 2449000 2449200
Hipparcos visual photometry for Eta2 Dor Hipparcos visual photometry for Eta2 Pic
5.02 5.14
5.04 5.15
5.06 5.16
Hp (Magnitdue)
Hp (Magnitdue)
5.08 5.17
5.1 5.18
5.12 5.19
5.14 5.2
5.16 5.21
2447800 2448000 2448200 2448400 2448600 2448800 2449000 2449200 2447800 2448000 2448200 2448400 2448600 2448800 2449000 2449200
Hipparcos visual photometry for Eta Scl Hipparcos visual photometry for Eta Sgr
4.82 3.11
4.84
3.12
4.86
3.13
4.88
3.14
Hp (Magnitdue)
Hp (Magnitdue)
4.9
4.92 3.15
4.94
3.16
4.96
3.17
4.98
3.18
5
5.02 3.19
2447800 2448000 2448200 2448400 2448600 2448800 2449000 2449200 2447800 2448000 2448200 2448400 2448600 2448800 2449000 2449200
Hipparcos visual photometry for Gamma Cha Hipparcos visual photometry for Gamma Cru
4.18 1.56
4.19 1.58
4.2
1.6
4.21
1.62
Hp (Magnitdue)
Hp (Magnitdue)
4.22
1.64
4.23
1.66
4.24
1.68
4.25
4.26 1.7
4.27 1.72
2447800 2448000 2448200 2448400 2448600 2448800 2449000 2449200 2447800 2448000 2448200 2448400 2448600 2448800 2449000 2449200
Hipparcos visual photometry for Gamma Hyi Hipparcos visual photometry for Gamma Phe
3.3 3.48
3.31 3.5
3.32 3.52
3.33 3.54
Hp (Magnitdue)
Hp (Magnitdue)
3.34 3.56
3.35 3.58
3.36 3.6
3.37 3.62
3.38 3.64
3.39 3.66
3.4 3.68
2447800 2448000 2448200 2448400 2448600 2448800 2449000 2449200 2447800 2448000 2448200 2448400 2448600 2448800 2449000 2449200
Hipparcos visual photometry for Gamma Ret Hipparcos visual photometry for GZ Vel
4.4 4.69
4.7
4.45
4.71
Hp (Magnitdue)
Hp (Magnitdue)
4.5
4.72
4.55
4.73
4.6
4.74
4.65 4.75
2447800 2448000 2448200 2448400 2448600 2448800 2449000 2449200 2447800 2448000 2448200 2448400 2448600 2448800 2449000 2449200
Hipparcos visual photometry for HR 3017 Hipparcos visual photometry for HR 4177
3.69 4.81
3.695 4.82
3.7
4.83
3.705
4.84
3.71
Hp (Magnitdue)
Hp (Magnitdue)
4.85
3.715
4.86
3.72
4.87
3.725
4.88
3.73
4.89
3.735
3.74 4.9
3.745 4.91
2447800 2448000 2448200 2448400 2448600 2448800 2449000 2449200 2447800 2448000 2448200 2448400 2448600 2448800 2449000 2449200
Hipparcos visual photometry for HR 6166 Hipparcos visual photometry for Kappa Pyx
4.24 4.69
4.7
4.25
4.71
4.26
4.72
Hp (Magnitdue)
Hp (Magnitdue)
4.27 4.73
4.28 4.74
4.75
4.29
4.76
4.3
4.77
4.31 4.78
2447800 2448000 2448200 2448400 2448600 2448800 2449000 2449200 2447800 2448000 2448200 2448400 2448600 2448800 2449000
Hipparcos visual photometry for L2 Pup Hipparcos visual photometry for Lambda Vel
3.4 2.28
3.6
2.3
3.8
2.32
Hp (Magnitdue)
Hp (Magnitdue)
2.34
4.2
2.36
4.4
2.38
4.6
4.8 2.4
2447800 2448000 2448200 2448400 2448600 2448800 2449000 2449200 2447800 2448000 2448200 2448400 2448600 2448800 2449000 2449200
Hipparcos visual photometry for NS Pup Hipparcos visual photometry for N Vel
4.52 3.25
4.53 3.26
4.54 3.27
Hp (Magnitdue)
Hp (Magnitdue)
4.55 3.28
4.56 3.29
4.57 3.3
4.58 3.31
4.59 3.32
2447800 2448000 2448200 2448400 2448600 2448800 2449000 2449200 2447800 2448000 2448200 2448400 2448600 2448800 2449000
Hipparcos visual photometry for o1 CMa Hipparcos visual photometry for Omega Cap
3.85 4.19
3.9 4.195
4.2
3.95
4.205
4
Hp (Magnitdue)
Hp (Magnitdue)
4.21
4.05
4.215
4.1
4.22
4.15
4.225
4.2 4.23
4.25 4.235
2447800 2448000 2448200 2448400 2448600 2448800 2449000 2449200 47900 48000 48100 48200 48300 48400 48500 48600 48700 48800 48900 49000
Hipparcos visual photometry for Pi Pup Hipparcos visual photometry for Psi Phe
2.78 4.3
2.79 4.32
4.34
2.8
4.36
2.81
4.38
Hp (Magnitdue)
Hp (Magnitdue)
2.82
4.4
2.83
4.42
2.84
4.44
2.85
4.46
2.86
4.48
2.87 4.5
2.88 4.52
2447800 2448000 2448200 2448400 2448600 2448800 2449000 2449200 2447800 2448000 2448200 2448400 2448600 2448800 2449000 2449200
Hipparcos visual photometry for Sigma CMa Hipparcos visual photometry for Sigma Lib
3.52 3.22
3.24
3.54
3.26
3.56
3.28
3.58 3.3
Hp (Magnitdue)
Hp (Magnitdue)
3.32
3.6
3.34
3.62 3.36
3.38
3.64
3.4
3.66
3.42
3.68 3.44
2447900 2448000 2448100 2448200 2448300 2448400 2448500 2448600 2448700 2448800 2447900 2448000 2448100 2448200 2448300 2448400 2448500 2448600 2448700 2448800 2448900
Hipparcos visual photometry for Tau4 Eri Hipparcos visual photometry for V337 Car
3.66 3.49
3.68
3.5
3.7
3.51
Hp (Magnitdue)
Hp (Magnitdue)
3.72
3.52
3.74
3.53
3.76
3.54
3.78
3.8 3.55
2447800 2448000 2448200 2448400 2448600 2448800 2449000 2449200 2447800 2448000 2448200 2448400 2448600 2448800 2449000 2449200
Fpixel
Each column has 6 Guassian fitted
Flux
Column made of 8 columns averaged
Order-position
Column
S-distortion is fitted by a cubic for each order
Object
CCD chip rows −>

Pixel number
390 395
Intensity (%)
2000.0
3000.0
4000.0
5000.0
6000.0
c:kamS552051A.LMP fitting line# 106 (restlbda 5636 at pixel 403)
Least Squares fit of dispersion
Central line position
Wavelength of thorium lines

Output from Correl Output from FitVelocity
Bins Bins
c
c
c
c g
c
b
a
Alpha Sco’s radial velocity for lines of different Excitation potential Omega Cap’s radial velocity for lines of different Excitation potential
3 Molecular lines 11 Molecular lines

Ep=0-1.10 Ep=0-1.10
Ep=1.11-4.1 Ep=1.11-4.1
2 Ep>4.11 Ep>4.11
All lines (-3) 10
All lines (+6)
1
9
Radial velocity (km/s)
Radial velocity (km/s)

0
8
-1
7
-2
6
-3
5
-4
-5 4
-6 3
2449400 2449450 2449500 2449550 2449600 2449650 2449700 2449750 2449800 2449450 2449500 2449550 2449600 2449650
L2 Pup’s radial velocity for lines of different Excitation potential L2 Puppis’ relative line strength appears to vary
62 1.8
Molecular lines
Ep=0-1.10 RV=3.7
60 1.6 RV=0.0
Ep>4.11
All lines (+55) RV=-3.9
1.4
Flux for order 44, normalized and shifted
58
1.2
Shift in radial velocity (km/s)
56
1
54
0.8
52
0.6
50
0.4
48
0.2
46 0
44 -0.2
2449300 2449400 2449500 2449600 2449700 2449800 5238 5240 5242 5244 5246 5248 5250 5252 5254 5256 5258 5260
Julian Date Wavelength

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1 1

-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 -80 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80

Spectrograph Guiding Dome Control

Choose a line in the centre of the

Fit to 5 points Fit to 4 points

and the standard system magnitude is

To ﬁrst order this means that

Tau4 Eri V(-2) magnitude and R-I colour

0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2 x

Radial Velocity (km/s)

Radial Velocity (km/s)

Radial Velocity (km/s)

Radial Velocity (km/s)

Radial Velocity (km/s)

Radial Velocity (km/s)

Radial Velocity (km/s)

Radial Velocity (km/s)

Radial Velocity (km/s)

Radial Velocity (km/s)

Radial Velocity (km/s)

Radial Velocity (km/s)

Radial Velocity (km/s)

Radial Velocity (km/s)

Radial Velocity (km/s)

Radial Velocity (km/s)

Radial Velocity (km/s)

Radial Velocity (km/s)

Radial Velocity (km/s)

Radial Velocity (km/s)

Radial Velocity (km/s)

Radial Velocity (km/s)

Radial Velocity (km/s)

Radial Velocity (km/s)

Radial Velocity (km/s)

Radial Velocity (km/s)

Radial Velocity (km/s)

Radial Velocity (km/s)

Radial Velocity (km/s)

Radial Velocity (km/s)

Radial Velocity (km/s)

Radial Velocity (km/s)

Radial Velocity (km/s)

Radial Velocity (km/s)

Radial Velocity (km/s)

Radial Velocity (km/s)

Radial Velocity (km/s)

Radial Velocity (km/s)

Radial Velocity (km/s)

Radial Velocity (km/s)

Radial Velocity (km/s)

Relative radial velocities for the Sun

Radial Velocity (km/s)

Lomb-Scargle Periodogram of the Sun’s radial velocities

Radial velocities of Tau4 Eri phased to 588 days

1.56 (B-V) 1.03

1.59 (B-V) 1.3

CCD chip rows −>

Wavelength of thorium lines

3 Molecular lines 11 Molecular lines

Radial velocity (km/s)

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