TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title Page i

Table of Contents ii

I. QUARTER 1 FORCE, MOTION AND ENERGY

 Investigate the relationship between the amount of force 1

applied and mass of the object to the change in the
object’s motion.
 Infer that when a body exerts a force on another, an 5
equal amount of force is exerted back on it.
 Demonstrate that when a body exerts a force on another, 8
an equal amount of force is exerted back on it.

 Relate the laws of motion to bodies in uniform circular 11

motion .

 Infer that circular motion requires the application of 13

constant force directed toward the center of the circle.

 Identify situations in which work is done and in which no 16

work is done.
 Describe how work is related to power and energy. 18

 Differentiate potential and kinetic energy. 21

 Relate speed and position of the object to the amount of 23
energy possessed by a body.
 Infer how the movement of particles of an object affects 25
the speed of sound through it .

 Investigates the effect of temperature to speed of sound 27

through fair testing .

 Demonstrate the existence of the color components of 30

visible light using a prism or diffraction grating.
 Explain the hierarchy of colors in relation to energy . 33

 Explain that red is the least bent and violet the most bent 35
according to their wavelengths or frequencies
 Differentiate between heat and temperature at the 38
molecular level.
 Infer the relationship between current and charge . 40

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  Explain the advantages and disadvantages of series and 42
parallel connections in homes .
 Differentiate electrical power and electrical energy . 45

 Explain the functions of circuit breakers, fuses, earthing, 47

double insulation, and other safety devices in the home.

II. QUARTER 2 EARTH AND SPACE

 Using models or illustrations, explain how movements along 49

faults generate an earthquake.
 Differentiate the: Epicenter of an earthquake from its focus 52
;Intensity of an earthquake from its magnitude and
Active and inactive faults.
 Demonstrate how underwater earthquakes generate 55
tsunamis.

 Explain how earthquake waves provide information about 58

the interior of the earth.
 Explain how typhoons develop. 61
 Infer why the Philippines is prone to typhoons . 65
 Explain how landmasses and bodies of water affect 69
typhoons.
 Trace the path of typhoons that enter the Philippine Area 72
of Responsibility (PAR) using a map and tracking data.

 Compare and contrast comets, meteors, and asteroids. 76

 Predict the appearance of comets based on recorded 78
data of previous appearances.
 Explain the regular occurrence of meteor showers. 81

III. QUARTER 3 MATTER

 Explain the properties of solids, liquids, and gases 84
based on the particle nature of matter .
 Explain physical changes in terms of the 86
arrangement and motion of atoms and molecules.
 Determine the number of protons, neutrons, and 89
electrons in a particular atom.
 Trace the development of the periodic table from 92
observations based on similarities in properties of
elements .

 Use the periodic table to predict the chemical behavior 94

of an element.

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IV. QUARTER 4 LIVING THINGS AND THEIR ENVIRONMENT

 Explain ingestion, absorption, assimilation, and excretion. 98

 Explain how diseases of the digestive system are 102

prevented, detected, and treated.
 Identify healthful practices that affect the digestive 105
system.
 Compare mitosis and meiosis, and their role in the cell- 111
division cycle.
 Explain the significance of meiosis in maintaining the 118
chromosome number.
 Predict phenotypic expressions of traits following simple 122
patterns of inheritance.
 Explain the concept of a species. 127

 Classify organisms using the hierarchical taxonomic 129

system.
 Explain the advantage of high biodiversity in maintaining 133
the stability of an ecosystem.

 Describe the transfer of energy through the trophic 136

levels.
 Analyze the roles of organisms in the cycling of materials. 140

 Explain how materials cycle in an ecosystem. 144

 Suggest ways to minimize human impact on the 147
environment.

Answers’ Key 151

List of References 204
List of Writers, Editors and Supervising Heads 205

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