BOOK REVIEW – critical assessment of a book based on
Part of a Research Report – will provide the
key points like content, style, point, quality, etc. It is not
a mere summary but a commentary, because you are
allowed to evaluate and judge an author’s work.
4 STAGES IN WRITING A BOOK REVIEW
 BEFORE YOU READ
Elements: Author, Title, Genre, Preface,
Introduction, Table of Contents, Cover, Abstract
 AS YOU READ – pay to introduction and
preface.
Take note: Characters, Settings, Theme, Plot,
Style, Argument, Quotes.
 WRITING THE REVIEW – begin with a couple
sentences describing what the book is all about.
This will give your audience or readers a
background.
 REVISING – making changes or doing some
modifications in your paper.
LITERATURE REVIEW – assessment of a body of a
research that addresses a research question
 Process of reading, analyzing, evaluating and
summarizing scholarly materials about a specific
topic.
TYPES OF LITERATURE REVIEW
1. Stand Alone Literature Review – provides an
overview and analysis of the current state of
research on a topic or question.
 Make sure that you know what is expected of
you.
 Identify keywords around your topic.
 Begin your literature search.
 Decide on the structure of your review.
 Write your review.
2. Part of a Research Proposal – important in
demonstrating how a proposed research will be
useful to a particular field. This is used in class
projects, research, thesis and dissertations.
3.
context to which a researcher’s work is a
contribution.
RESEARCH PAPER – a systematic process of gathering
and analyzing data to establish a plan of action.
 Simply a collection of facts, information or
details in a particular subject.
CHARACTERISTICS OF A GOOD RESEARCH
 It is accurate
 It is logical and objective
 It is relevant
 It is patiently done
 It is specific
 It is systematic
 It is timely
 It is clear
 It is complete
 It is presentable
Proposal Project – a document that is designed to
present a plan of action and the reason for considering
such as plan.
 In business, a project proposal is for funding.
FOUR BASIC PARTS OF PROJECT PROPOSAL
 Introduction – set down all the data that are
needed, tells what the topic is about and
identifies the reasons why the project is a good
topic.
 Literature Review or Background – this is
where you discuss the books and other reading
or source materials that you will be using for
your research.
 Procedure – how you would carry out your
research.
 Budget –this part will give all anticipated
expenses you are expected to incur.
PROPOSAL LETTER – a letter that a researcher uses as
his cover letter for their research.
 Parts: Introduction, Body
POSITION PAPER – a type of academic writing that
grabs the attention of readers.
PARTS OF A POSITION PAPER
 Introduction – grabs the attention of readers
 Body – states your main argument and provide
sufficient evidence for each arguments.
 Conclusion – relates your position and main
arguments.
BUSINESS LETTER – professional or business letter. A
formal document that often sent from one company to
another from a company to its clients, employees, and
stakeholders.
BASIC PARTS:
 Letterhead or Heading – contains the name of
the sender, the street address, town, province
and country, the ZIP code which are typed on
the top lines immediately above the dateline.
 Dateline – contains the date of the letter.
 Inside Address – considered as the introductory
or complimentary address. This is the address
of the receiver or recipient of the letter and is
exact address on the envelope.
 Salutation – considered as the greeting and an
expression of courtesy to put the reader in a
friendly state of mind.
 Body of the Letter – the path where the
message of the letter is written.
 Complementary Close – this part closes the
letter cordially.
 Signature Block – the basic part identifies the
writer.
 Reference Initials – these are the initials of the
writer of typist or stenographer which are typed
in the lower corner of the letter.
OPTIONAL PARTS:
 Attention Line – needed if the business letter is
addressed to a company rather than to an
individual.
 Subject Line – used to immediately inform the
reader what the letter is all about.
 Enclosure Notation – this is a reminder that
there is an attachment.
 CC Notation (Carbon Copy Notation) - shows
that other copies of the letter are being sent to
one or more persons other than the addressee.
 BCC Notation (Blind Carbon Copy Notation) –
used if the writer does not want the reader to
knew that he is sending a copy of the letter to
another person.
 Postscript – this part emphasizes a point made
me in the letter. They are designed to draw
attention.
 Mailing Notation – a note indicating the special
postal service such as “registered” or “certified”
FORMAT OR STYLES OF BUSINESS LETTERS
 Full Block Style – the most used style because
of its simplicity.
 Modified Block Style – preferred by many
writers.
 Semi Blocked Style – almost exactly the same
as the modified block style except that the first
line of each paragraph is indented.
 Simplified NOMA (National Office
Management Association) – this type omits the
salutation and the complimentary close.
RESUME – a summary of your qualifications that you
use as a tool to market yourself when applying for a job.
 A short document describing your education,
work history, and a document showing a list of
your achievements.
FORMATS:
 Reverse Chronological Format – the traditional
format and the commonly used format.
 Functional Format – focuses on the applicant’s
abilities and emphasizes more on their
qualifications.
 Combination Format – make use of both the
chronological and functional format.