Waves and Sound 905

1. An engine is moving on a circular track with a constant speed. It is 1

blowing a whistle of frequency 500 Hz. The frequency received by
th of its length from the end. The most prominent harmonic
4
an observer standing stationary at the centre of the track is would be
(a) 500 Hz
(a) Eighth (b) Fourth
(b) More than 500 Hz
(c) Third (d) Second
(c) Less than 500 Hz
9. If n1 , n2 , n3 ......... are the frequencies of segments of a stretched
(d) More or less than 500 Hz depending on the actual speed of the
engine string, the frequency n of the string is given by

2. In a resonance tube, the first resonance is obtained when the level of (a) n  n1  n2  n3  ....... (b) n  n1  n2  n3  .......
water in the tube is at 16cm from the open end. Neglecting end
correction, the next resonance will be obtained when the level of 1 1 1 1
(c)     ..... (d) None of these
water from the open end is n n1 n2 n3
(a) 24cm (b) 32cm 10. The equation of stationary wave along a stretched string is given by
(c) 48cm (d) 64cm x
y  5 sin cos 40t where x and y are in centimetre and t in
3. To raise the pitch of a stringed musical instrument the player can 3
second. The separation between two adjacent nodes is :
(a) Loosen the string (b) Tighten the string
(a) 6 cm (b) 4 cm
(c) Shorten the string (d) Both (b) and (c)
(c) 3 cm (d) 1.5 cm
4. A wave travelling along positive x-axis is given by
y  A sin( t  kx ) . If it is reflected from rigid boundary such 11. An Indian submarine and an enemy submarine move towards each
other during maneuvers in motionless water in the Indian ocean.
that 80% amplitude is reflected, then equation of reflected wave is
The Indian submarine moves at 50 km/h, and the enemy submarine
(a) y  A sin( t  kx ) (b) y  0.8 A sin( t  kx ) at 70 km/h. The Indian sub sends out a sonar signal (sound wave in
water) at 1000 Hz. Sonar waves travel at 5500 km/h. What is the
(c) y  0.8 A sin( t  kx ) (d) y  A sin( t  0.8 kx ) frequency detected by the Indian submarine

5. The frequency of the first harmonic of a string stretched between I E

two points is 100 Hz. The frequency of the third overtone is
(a) 200 Hz (b) 300 Hz
50 km/h 70 km/h
(c) 400 Hz (d) 600 Hz
6. A sound wave of wavelength 32 cm enters the tube at S as shown in
the figure. Then the smallest radius r so that a minimum of sound is (a) 1.02 kHz (b) 2 kHz
heard at detector D is (c) 2.5 kHz (d) 4.7 kHz
12. Two trains, one coming towards and another going away from an
observer both at 4 m/s produce whistle simultaneously of frequency
S r 300 Hz. Find the number of beats produced
D (a) 5 (b) 6
(c) 7 (d) 12
13. A source of sound emits 200W power which is uniformly
(a) 7cm (b) 14 cm
distributed over a sphere of 10 m radius. What is the loudness of
(c) 21cm (d) 28 cm sound on the surface of a sphere
7. A stretched wire of length 110 cm is divided into three segments (a) 200 dB (b) 200  dB
whose frequencies are in ratio 1 : 2 : 3. Their lengths must be
(c) 120 dB (d) 120  dB
(a) 20 cm ; 30 cm ; 60 cm
14. When a wave travels in a medium, the particle displacement is given
(b) 60 cm ; 30 cm ; 20 cm by y (x , t)  0.03 sin (2t  0.01x ) where y and x are meters and
(c) 60 cm ; 20 cm ; 30 cm t in seconds. The phase difference, at a given instant of time
(d) 30 cm ; 60 cm ; 20 cm between two particle 25 m. apart in the medium, is

8. Unlike a laboratory sonometer, a stringed instrument is seldom  

(a) (b)
plucked in the middle. Supposing a sitar string is plucked at about 8 4
 906 Waves and Sound

 [UPSEAT 2005]
(c) (d)  (a) 2 (b) 3
2
(c) 4 (d) 6
15. A sine wave has an amplitude A and wavelength . Let V be the
wave velocity and v be the maximum velocity of a particle in the 21. 50 tuning forks are arranged in increasing order of their frequencies
medium. Then [KCET 2001] such that each gives 4 beats/sec with its previous tuning fork. If the
frequency of the last fork is octave of the first, then the frequency of
3A
(a) V  v if   (b) V  v if A  2 the first tuning fork is [DPMT 2005]
2
(a) 200 Hz (b) 204 Hz
 (c) 196 Hz (d) None of these
(c) V  v if A  (d) V can not be equal to v
2
1
16. A pipe open at both ends produces a note of frequency f . When the 22. The fundamental frequency of a closed pipe is 220 Hz. If of the
1
4
3 pipe is filled with water, the frequency of the first overtone of the
pipe is kept with th of its length it water, it produced a note of
4 pipe now is
f [EAMCET (Med.) 2000]
frequency f . The ratio 1 is
(a) 220 Hz (b) 440 Hz
2

f2
[KCET 1998] (c) 880 Hz (d) 1760 Hz
3 4 23. A glass tube 1.5 m long and open at both ends, is immersed
(a) (b) vertically in a water tank completely. A tuning fork of 660 Hz is
4 3
vibrated and kept at the upper end of the tube and the tube is
1 gradually raised out of water. The total number of resonances heard
(c) (d) 2
2 before the tube comes out of water, taking velocity of sound air 330
m/sec is
17. A man fires a bullet standing between two cliffs. First echo is heard
after 3 seconds and second echo is heard after 5 seconds. If the [EAMCET (Engg.) 1999]
velocity of sound is 330 m/s, then the distance between the cliffs is (a) 12 [AFMC 2000] (b) 6
(a) 1650 m (b) 1320 m (c) 8 (d) 4
(c) 990 m (d) 660 m 24. In the 5 overtone of an open organ pipe, these are (N-stands for
th

18. The equation for spherical progressive wave is (where r is the nodes and A-for antinodes)
distance from the source) [CPMT 2002] (a) 2N, 3A (b) 3N, 4A
a (c) 4N, 5A (d) 5N, 4A
(a) y  a sin(t  kx ) (b) y  sin(t  kx )
r 25. An engine approaches a hill with a constant speed. When it is at a
a a distance of 0.9 km it blows a whistle, whose echo is heard by the
(c) y  sin(t  kx ) (d) y  sin(t  kx ) driver after 5 sec. If speed of sound in air is 330 m/s, the speed of
2 r
engine is
19. A tuning fork A produces 4 beats/sec with another tuning fork B of
frequency 320 Hz. On filing the fork A, 4 beats/sec are again heard.
The frequency of fork A, after filing is
[KCET (Engg./Med.) 1999]
(a) 324 Hz (b) 320 Hz
(c) 316 Hz (d) 314 Hz (a) 10 m/s (b) 20 m/s
20. The number of beats produced per second by two vibrations: x =x 1 0
(c) 30 m/s (d) 40 m/s
sin 646t and x = x sin 652 t is
2 0

(SET -17)

1. (a) Since there is no relative motion between the source and

p T T
listener, So apparent frequency equals original frequency. n n
2l m l
2. (c) Next resonance length after the fundamental is
3l1  3  16  48 cm . Hence, to get higher frequency (higher pitch) tension should be
increase and length should be shorten.
3. (d) Higher pitch means higher frequency
4. (b) On getting reflected from a rigid boundary the wave suffers
Frequency of a stringed system is given by
Hence if yincident = A sin(t  kx )
 Waves and Sound 907

then yreflected  (0.8 A) sint  k ( x )    = 10 log10 1012  120 dB

 0.8 A sin(t  kx ) an additional phase change of  . 14. (b) y(x , t)  0.03 sin (2t  0.01x )  0.03 sin(2t  0.01x )
5. (c) Third overtone is the fourth harmonic i.e., 2 2 
n4  4 n1  4  100  400 Hz k  0 .01     x  0 .01  25 
  4
 32 15. (c)Let wave velocity (V) = maximum particle velocity 
6. (b) Path difference (r  2r)    16 ,
2 2 
n  A  2 nA  A 
2
16
r  14 cm .
 2 16. c) For open pipe f1 
v
and for closed pipe
2l
7. (b) l1  l2  l3  110 cm and n1l1  n2l2  n3l3
v v f 1
n1 : n2 : n3 :: 1 : 2 : 3 f2    2 f1  1 
l l f2 2
4  
n1 1 l2 l n 1 l l 4
    l2  1 and 1   3  l3  1
n2 2 l1 2 n3 3 l1 3 17. (b) d1 d2

l1 l1
 l1    110 so l1  60cm, l2  30cm, l3  20cm .
2 3 v
8. (d) When plucked at one fourth it gives two loops, and hence 2 nd

harmonic is produced. 330  (3  5)

2(d1  d 2 )  v(t1  t2 )  d1  d 2   1320 m
2
A N A
N N 1
18. (d) For spherical wave intensity (I) 
(Distancer)2
9. (c) For a vibrating string 1
also I  a 2  a  . Hence equation of a cylindrical wave
n1l1  n2l2  n3l3 .....  constant = k (say) = nl r
1
Also l1  l2  l3  l4  ......  1 is y  sin(t  kx )
r
k k k k k 1 1 1 1 19. (a) n = ?, n = Known frequency = 320 Hz
    ....       ....... A B

n1 n2 n3 n4 n n n1 n2 n3 x = 4 bps, which remains same after filing.

x Unknown fork A is filed so n 
10. (c) Given y  5 sin cos 40 t
A

3 Hence n  – n = x Wrong
A B

2vt 2x n – n = x
Comparing with y  2a cos sin    6 cm. Correct
 
B A

 n = n – x = 320 – 4 = 316 Hz.

A B


The separation between adjacent nodes   3 cm. This is the frequency before filing.
2
11. (a) Frequency detected by Indian submarine But in question frequency after filing is asked which must be
greater than 316 Hz, such that it produces 4 beats per sec.
 v  v sub   5500  50  Hence it is 324 Hz.
n'  n    1000    1.02 kHz .
 v  v sub   5500  50  20. (b) From the given equation 1  2n1  646  n1  323
 v v  2uv
12. (c) n     n  v2  u2 n and  2  2n 2  652  n 2  326
 v  u v  u 
Hence, beat frequency  326  323  3
2  4  332
=  300  7
(332)2  (4 )2 21. (c) Frequencies of tuning forks is given by

power 200 n last  n first  (N  1)x

13. (c) Intensity =  = 1 Watt/m 2

area 2  10  2
2n  n  (50  1)  4  n  196Hz.
I  1 
Now L  10 log10 = 10 log10  12 
I0  10 
 908 Waves and Sound

***

22. (c) Fundamental frequency of closed pipe

v
n  220 Hz  v  220  4 l
4l
1
If of the pipe is filled with water then remaining length of
4
3l
air column is
4
v v
Now fundamental frequency =  and
  3l
3 l
4 
4
First overtone = 3  fundamental frequency
3v v 220  4 l
=    880 Hz .
3l l l
23. (b) Suppose N resonance occurred before tube coming out.
(2 N  1)v
Hence by using l 
4n
(2 N  1)  330
 1 .5   N 6.
4  660
24. (c) In open organ pipe 5 overtone corresponds to 4 harmonic
th th

mode.
Also in open pipe, Number of nodes = Order of mode of
vibration and number of antinodes = (Number of nodes + 1).
Here number of nodes = 4, Number of antinodes = 4 + 1 =5.
25. (c) If the speed of engine is v, the distance traveled by engine in 5
sec will be 5v, and hence the distance traveled by sound in
reaching the hill and coming back to the moving driver = 900 +
(900 – 5v) = 1800 – 5v
So the time interval between original sound and it’s echo
(1800  5v)
t  5  v = 30 m/s.
330