x against Time

120
y = -0.0507x2 + 4.6786x + ~,257.t• •
'? 100 ... ·····
:1.
._, .. •·· '4·
Vl
Vl
~ 80
..:.:
.::!
..c:
~ 60
"O
·x0
"g 40
.... ....
::,
Vl
■ ■
~
Q.)
:a 20 ··· y =.:9:9.Ql).;(~.-wJ.-7.257.x.+-0.37·14-·•
0 . ·:·::.:•.·: ........ ••·· ·· ···· ·················· ·····• ·········

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45
Time {minutes)

x 2 against Time
14000

y = 310.49x - 303.~.. ·•
..
-0
~ 10000
::,
C"
~

..
8000
Vl
Cl.I
C:
t 6000
..c:
....

2000 .·· ~ .g.P.(ix ;t.llO.S·•

.•··:::·.·.·.·.-................................. ...................... . ..
0 . ;~--:-:::: . •••....•••.•. • ······ ······ ··· ·······• ······················• ····•yo,8:~ - iS •
0 S 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45
· 2000
Time (minutes)

1 /T=b*ln(x" 2/t)+c
0.0012

0.001 • ·• ··············
·····• ··.......-.
0.0008
y= -5E-OS·~·~·o·.o-o1-

t:_ 0.0006
....
0.0004

0.0002

0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
b*ln(x"2/t)+c
ENG1051 Materials for Energy and Sustainability S1 2019

Week 8: Oxidation
1. Samples of copper (5 cm x 5 cm squares) have been oxidised at different temperatures for
different amounts of time and the results are shown below. Each experiment has been carried
out 6 times. i rt
Tem~0~)ture ~!~n) Measured oxide thickness (microns)
I
10 10 8 I 7 8 4 7

1_~ _L
I
- - -· - -- --

20 I 8 -1 17 11 13 I 10
700 --· I I

30 14 18 18 16 18 16
- I . , j _I

40 I 21 I 17 19 18 -r 17 I 18
- - --1 - - - - I

10 23 19 18 31 22 I 25
- l f - ----
800
20 35
- -
30 28 29
43
-
42 43
35 33
I
30 44 46 44
-- -- ----~-
I 40 51 55 46 47 53 50
- --- - - I
I 10 51 47 47 53 52 52 I
20 74 70 78 72 70 I 72 I
900
I 30 105 84 95 96 93 98
I
I

40 115 95 112 111 113 I 113 I

a) Plot (on a single set of axes) the thickness of the oxide vs oxidation time at each of the
three temperatures.

b) It is suggested that the oxidation is diffusion-controlled and follows the appropriate kinetic
relationship between thickness and time. Replot the data to confirm this.

c) From your notes, work out what the constant k" is and then think about how diffusivity
(0) relates to temperature.

d) Derive an equation which contains thickness (x), time (t) and temperature (T) .

e) Make a plot to demonstrate this relationship (using data from your previous graph).

f) Calculate a value for the energy barrier for diffusion (Q).

NAR ,, , MONASH University

E11Q,nee~1nQ
 t
I

/ ll y u
10
 ENG1051 Materials for Energy and Sustainability S1 2019

2. The figure below left shows the oxidation rate of various nickel-chromium alloys. (Corrosion
Science Volume 15, Issue 1, 1975, Pages 1-10). This behaviour is summarised schematically in
the figure below right.

2 ~ c - - - - - -- -- ----,
6 Cr ~Cr 1✓{
I / .
- (c
/-/
20
l:P,· -
(lJ

r'J
0::
C

N -0
ro
·~
.;.
15
"0
X
E

-
~,< 10

y
0 5 10 1'.>
30 Cr

Com po sitio n (wt% Cr)

0 60 120 180 2• 0 ! 00 J&O
Time , min

n \ 1.1- - t - rJ1..·0
a) Why does adding a little bit of chromium make the oxidation rate higher? iv
b) Why does adding a lot of Cr makes the oxidation rate lower? Cr 7 ~ ~ Cr 2 Os
u/Te-~~~ ~, ~ ~ k ~rJi: ~t~ ~e-.r'J ZCr
1
1-~ --~

~ ~~ (,\ ~ ~ ?__u,-1 ~ t-u-i/ ~ cg,r~~v ~ ;J,--

,lr ~ r._J.___ ~ CL¥-~ 4- ~
l) C-~} + ~ 4
~ Cr-t.O:t ~ ~ ~ ~ - ~<Y ~ ~ ~
~~~~;µ_~ofcr~ -

NAR ,i j. MONASH University

LnG nc cr r"q
1
 .S l 1- C\ ~ 5t () t 6C :- - <> 1 o l l
Si 02. ~ s~ ~ot 6C,: 6~olrJ iA'">
s~ OC ~ 1{ __. s-:: ~ 1 t 0( '6,.~ :: - ~o(J ,_A- I sV,)