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TRAINING REPORT
( AutoCAD )
_____________________________________
Created by : RAKESH KUMAR

Reg. No. : 16102109029

Branch : MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

Name of Training : AutoCAD TRAAINING

Mode of Training : VIRTUAL

Duration : 1st JUNE -12th JULY


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CONTENTS

S.N. Chapters
1 Introduction to AutoCAD -2016

2 System requirements

3 Interface,Drawing,Aids & Basic objects

4 Complex Objects and Objects Editing

5 Block and Annotation

6 Plotting and Introduction to 3D

Introduction to AutoCAD -2016


AutoCAD is a commercial computer aided design (CAD) and
drafting software application, developed by Autodesk, AutoCAD was
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first reseased in december 1982as a desktop app running on


microcomputer with internal graphics controller. Since 2010
AutoCAD Was reseased as a mobile and web app as well ,marketed
by as AutoCAD 360. Autocad 2016 is one of the best versions of
AutoCAD. This version contains about all commands available in
AutoCAD.

System requirements

Operating system Microsoft® Windows-10/8/8.1/7


CPU type Minimum Intel® Pentinum® 4 or AMD Athlon™
64 processor
Memory For 32- bit system- 3 GB
For 64- bit system- 4GB
Display resolution 1024×768 with true color
Disk space Installation 6.0 GB
Pointing device Ms- Mouse compliant device
Browser Windows Internet Explorer® 9.0 or later

.NET Framework .NET Framework Version 4.5

Interface, Drawing, Aids & Basic objects


1.) Introduction to interface
2.) Units and limits
3.) Creating limes
4.) Point ,circle and arcs
5.) Selecting objects
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Introduction to interface
The different parts of a general AutoCAD screen is as follow:

1.) Application botton : This botton is present on upper left


corner of AutoCAD screen This botton is shown with red
diamond shape. When we click on this botton we see various
options like new, open,save, save as, export, publish,,print,
drawing utilities, close etc.This menu including all these things
are called application menu.
2.) Ribbon : This particular area of AutoCAD screen is called the
heart of AutoCAD because almost all commands are present in
this area. This interface is categorized into various tabs such as
home tab, insert tab, annotate tab,view tab, manage tab, … .
Each tab is also devided into various panels . For example home
tab has following panels :
Draw Panel Block panel Clip board
Modify panel Properties panel View panel
Annotation panel Group panel
Layer panel Utilities

All panels consist various commands the size of ribbon can be


changed by a particular botton situated beside performance
botton.
3.) Quick Access Tool Bar (QAT): This is situated from red diamond
to right. In this part undo and redo are two important
commands are available.
4.) Tittle Bar : This area indicate the tittle of drawing along with
the name and version of AutoCAD.
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5.) Drawing Window : The block are in which we create drawing or


modeling is called drawing window.
6.) View Cube : This is situated on drawing windowwhich is used
for 3D objects with various angles.
7.) Navigation Bar : This perform basic navigationsuch as pan
zoom, orbit etc. We can also perform basic navigation from
mouse also.
For example:
Left botton : for selection
Right botton : contact sensitive menu
Scroll botton : zoom in-outby rolling

8.)User coordinate system (UCS) : This indicates the direction of x

And y axis.

9.)Command Line :command line is line search box from which by

Typing any command can be used. This is situated on the the

lower part of drawing window. Short key for command line is

ctrt+9.

10.) View Port Control : This is used to subdivide into number of

Screen.

11.) Top / 2D –Wireframe :These are used to change visual style.

12) Model space/paper space : These are two screens .Model

Space is a blacl space where we can draw objects. Paper space

Paper space is also called layout space from which we can

Print the drawings.


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13.)Status bar toggles : These are the set of items which are situat

ed on the status bar of the screen These items are on/off state.

If they are in off state their color will be grey.

14.) Custamization botton : This botton is situated in lower right

Corner of the screen . Through this we can add or remove the

Command from status bar toggles

Units and limits


This command is used is by typeing unit in command line or
from application menu .When unit command is given then a block
is appeared on screen in which we have to choose linear
dimension and angular dimension. In linear dimension five
options are available

Architectural – for feet/inch

Decimal - for decimal form

Engineering - for only inches

Fractional - for inches in fraction


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Scientific - for exponential form

Setting the limit is defined as the process of defining a


rectangular area from an infinite screen to perform drafting and
modeling . This is done by inputing the length and width of the
rectangular area. In limit command we only input the coordinate
of lower left and upper right corner of the rectangular area.

After setting the limit ,we have to zoom to fit the entire screen

Just typing the zoom command or only z in command line , and


again press the all command .

Creating the lines


Before creating the line , first of all we have to set limit ,zoom
and all. Then deactivate the display drawing grid by ‘+-‘ botton.

Some command are generally used in creating the lines

Ortho mode : When this mode is on ,we can only draw the lines
horizontal or vertical. The short key for orthe mode is F-8.

Dynamic mode : When this mode is on our curser free to show all
direction with angles length from particular point.We can also
change then by pressing ‘tab’ key from keyboard.

Polar Tracking : When this mode is on ,the curser stops temporary


on predefined angular increament. The short key for this
command is F10.

Snap mode :When this mode is on our curser jump from one grid
to another grid . Snap mode is controlled by F9.
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Point ,Circle and Arcs


In this chapter, following commands are used :

PO command : A point is given by Typing ‘PO’ from keyboard and


right again on screen by left click.

DDPtype : This stands for dynamic dialog point type . WE can


choose any representation of point by this dialog box.
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Relative coordinate method : In this method ,we only refer to


most regionly plotted point to plot the next point simply by typing
‘@’.

Polar coordinate method : In this method we plot the point by


inputting distance between points and angle made by line joining
and X-axis.

Various methods to construct circles :

Centre/radius centre/diameter 2
2-point 3-points
points

Tan/tan/tan
tan/tan tan/tan/radius

2p Tan/tan/radius

Centre/radius 3-point
point tan/tan/tan

The various method to draw different arcs are as follow :

Start point End point centre point radius

Second point included angle chord length direction


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Continue

Start point centre point continue direction include angle

Selecting
ing Objects
Selection set is defined as the collection of objects prepared by
the user to perform an editing command. Various methods are
applied on the selection of objects:

Standard window(W) :This is blue colored selecting window


obtained by clicking aand
nd dragging rightward. All objects related to
this window will select.

Crossing window(C)) : This is green colored selecting window


obtained by clicking and dragging leftward. The objects which are
inside the window will selected.

Window Polygon(WP) : This is like standard window and crossing


window but here pogon will be used.

Fence : This is such selecting method in which only those objects


are selected
ted whose fence line is touched the objects.
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Fence line not selected

Remove/Add Objects : These commands are used to add or


remove the objects to selection set by standard window.

Verb-Noun method : This is used in such a way that before


command is given then object is selected.

Noun-Verb method :This is used in such a way that before object


is selected then command is given.

Complex Objects and Objects Editing


Editing Commands
Polylines, Rectangles
es and ellips
Grips and Arrays
Properties
Layers
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Editing Commands
Erase Command (E): ): This Command is used to erase or delete the
entire selected objects.

Trim/Extend(TR/EX) : Trim command is used to trim the objects


by selecting the base object.Extend co
command
mmand is used to extend
the object to base object.

Offset(O): This command is used to draw parallel lines.

Fillet & Chamfer Command(F&CHA) : fillet is used to connect to


points or lines using smooth tangent arc. Chamfer command is
used to connect two objec
objects using inclined lines.

Chamfer fillet offset Trim Extend

Mirror(MI) : This command is used to draw symmetrical objects.


In this command after choose objects we choose a base line.
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Rotate(RO) : This command is used to rotate an object respect to


a base point.

Scale(SC) : This command is used to increase or decrease the size


of an object with respect to a base point by giving scale factor.

Stretch (S) : This is used to increase or decrease th


the
e length of an
object in particular direction.

Mirror Rotate Scale (0.6) Stretch

Polylines,Rectangles and Ellips


Polylines : Polylines in AutoCAD are complex object i.e. means an
object consists of other objec
objects.
ts. With Polylines command we can
draw lines, arcs, increase or decrease the length of line width etc.

Advantage :

1.) Polylines work as a single unit,so object selection is easy.


2.) With Polylines command ,we can perform common operation
such as fillet, chamfer
chamfe more effectively.
3.) Polylines are used to create modeling.
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4.) We can edit the Polylines using PEDIT command(PE).


5.) WE can also convert the polylines into individual objects using
Explode(E) command.

Rectangle/Polygon : These commands are used to draw rectangle


or polygon with their dimensions.

Ellise : This command is used to draw an ellips.

Grips and Arrays


We can perform five frequently used operatins using Grips:

Stretch, Move, Rotate, Scale, Mirror

To get one operation


ration to another operation we press longest key of
keyboard.. When we select an grip by double click , then its color
will change and called active grip and work as base point for all
above five commands.

Grips Active grip

Arrays : There are two types of arrays in AutoCAD.

Array classic – Rectangular array, Polar array, Path array

Array command.
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The different types of arrays are as follows :

Rectangular Polar Path array

When we creat array , some grips point are appeared from these
we can increase or decrease the height, length, distance between
rows/columns.

Properties
For Properties dialog box , we press ‘ctrt+1’.
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From this dialog boxx we can control various parameter such as line
type, line weight, transparency, view, handle, match
match- property
,color etc.

Like properties dialog box other dialog box are also present in
AutoCAD such as Design set up pallet(ctrt+2), tool pallet (ctrt+3).

Layers
Layers are defined as transparent overless. Layers are used in
AutoCAD to systematically draw a complex object using sections.
The complete information is obtained by layer pallet.

On/Off : We can on /off the particular layer by off (sun icon) or


freeze
reeze in layer pallet. Current layer can not be frozen but can off.
The objects in off/frozen state can not be display on screen.

Lock/Unlock : When a layer is locked, we can not able to edit the


objects in that layer but some operations like trim which do
d not
effect the object can be performed

Create/Delete : We can also create or delete the layers from layer


pallet . We can only delete the layers if they are not locked and
not be current layer.
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Layers Status Manager(Alt+S) :We can save the current property


setting for a layer in a named layer state and then restore those
setting later.

Block and Annotation


Block
Bock – Database
Hating
Text Format

Block
Blocks are the single objects which are made of several objects by
joining or PEDIT command. In AutoCAD , we can create a block in
three methods . When we create a block in AutoCAD ,the software
a block definition into the invisible block table area of the drawing
file.

Drawing- Database
Visible Parametric Invisible
Data Non Parametric Data
End point of a line Layer
Centre point of a circle Block
Radius of arc Group
Text style and Dimension style

Insert(I) : When a block is existing in our drawing in invisible area


,we can create any number of object using insert command. When a
block is existing in particular layer then it readily accept the
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properties of that layer and block is exploded then it go back o


o-layer
from particular layer.

References and Definitions : A definition is a hidden object ,which is


existing in invisible area in a drawing databa
database
se whereas the copy of
definition taken from drawing database is called references. The
software establishes the link between definition and references so
that any change in definition reflects in references.

Refedit : In AutoCAD , we can edit the referenc


references
es using this
command or go for ‘block editor’ by right clicking.

WBlock : Globalization of block means that we can access the block


in any drawing. When we globalize any drawing , the software
generate a new file.

X-Ref (XR) : This command is used for external


external references in
AutoCAD. When we give this command to the computer X-Ref X Ref pallet
appeared ,from which we can attach any type of file . Any changes in
external reference reflects the current drawing. When two files are
mutually references then we can tak
take referenced overload.

Design Centre(ctrt+2) : This is basically a content management


system using which we can share various contents in invisible area.
This is a pallet. From this ,we can insert any file from local computer
by dragging .From this pallet we can also download desired file from
the option of Autodesk© seek.
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Block –Database
Database
Attributes : Attributes are the blocks with text
text-data
data cooperated.

Attdef : This command is used to create attributes. This command is


situated in block panel . Attributes is defined in various modes.
Necessary thing is

Tag : Name (no space allow)

Promt : Ener your name

Default : Any value

Then repeat command , we can fill up different text data.

Attdisp : This command is used to control the attributes visibili


visibility.

BATTMAN : This command is used to edit the attributes.

Block Block panel Text – data

Hating
Hatch : This command is used for filling up desired pattern color in
drawing area. When we choose pattern and color to fill and click inin-
side the area , the software fills these form ray casting method .In
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this method software fill up te color uniformly inside aarea


rea along
radial direction. types of color fill methods :

Solid fill : From solid fill desired area become solid’s color.

Gradient fill : Desired area become gradient of two colors.

Pattern fill : Desired area become patterned

User defined : Desired


red are become colored or patterned as user’s
wish.

solid gradient Pattern user defined

Boundary : Boundary of an object can be done by click ‘point


method’ or ‘select method’ . select method is applied only continuos
objects and there is no grapping, overlapping exist on objects.

Regeneration : This command is used to suppress the hatch pattern


on drawing.

Match –Property : This command is used to fill hatch from other


object in drawing
ing to other.

Text Format
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Text editing panel is situated in home tab and annotation panel.


There are options:

Single line : If we choose single line then software asks for start point
and height ,rotation etc. Then we can write any text. We can also
copy the text at different place..We can also edit the text using ‘Text
Edit’ command by selecting above. We can also change the property
of text such as color, line-type, line-weight etc.

Multiple Text : This command is used to write text in multiple lines.


We can also paste the selected copy from notepad. We can also edit
the text in different style and formats.

Plotting and Intoduction to 3D


Dimension Style Manager
Model Space and Printing
Introduction to 3D

Dimension Style Manager


This is the block from which we can simply control the various
parameter related to dimension for example size of arrow head, size
of text etc. This block dialog box is situated In annotative tab or
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simply typing ‘D’.in command line.

Dimassoc :

This is the variable that is present


presented
ed to which is dimension
associated to. When select the object there are two definitions two
objects are foundin the form of grips because dimensions are fully
associative in nature. So any change in dimension reflected to the
object vice-versa.This
versa.This is be
become
come when the value of dimassoc is taken
to be 2,When the value of dimassoc is taken to be 0 , then all parts of
dimension is in exploded state.

Linear Aligned Angular Arc length

Radius Diameter Jogged Ordinate

Model space and Printing


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In AutoCAD we work on two spaces :

Model space : This is the default screen of AutoCAD in which we


create 2D figure and 3D modeling with actual dimension. This is black
colored area.

Paper space : Paper space is used for printing the model or figure.
This is white colored area.

We can change the model space to paper space by model botton on


status bar toggle or layout tabs.

Page set-up
up : Before printing the drawing page set-up up should be
done properly .this is accessed by right clicking on layout menuand
choose page set-up

MV command : We can also create view ports in different size,


orientation and shape.

Introduction to 3D
Before working on 3D work – place, first of all we set the 3D
modeling in work-place
place setting. Various commands are used in 3D
modeling :
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: This is used to create a 3D figude from 2D by increasing the height


of 2D figure.

Loft : This create a solid figure in


in surface between several cross
sections.

Revolve : This creates a 3D figure by sweep a 2D or 3D figure around


an axis.

Sweep : This creates a 3D figure by sweeping a 2D or 3D figure along


a path.

Sweep extrude revolve

Smooth object : This convert 3D object to mesh object.

Solid , Union : Combines two solids by addition.

Solid , Substract : combines selected objects by substraction.

Solid, Intersection : Creates a 3D solid from selected overlapping.


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