Geology and Geochemistry Relationship PDF

Geological-geochemical relationships between prophyry
copper and porphyry molybdenum ore deposits
Item Type text; Dissertation-Reproduction (electronic)
Authors Lainé, R. (Roger), 1946-
Publisher The University of Arizona.
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GEOLOGICAL-GEOCHEMICAL RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN
PORPHYRY COPPER AND PORPHYRY MOLYBDENUM
ORE DEPOSITS
by
Roger Pierre Lain£
A D is s e rta tio n Subm itted to the F ac u lty of the
DEPARTMENT OF GEOSCIENCES
In P a rtia l F ulfillm ent of the R equirem ents

For the D egree of
DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY
In th e G raduate C ollege
THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA
19 7 4
THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA
GRADUATE COLLEGE
I hereby recommend that this dissertation prepared under my
direction by ________ Roger Pierre Lain£______________________.
e n t i t l e d G e o lo g ic a l- G e o c h e m ic a l R e la tio n sh ip s b e tw e e n Porphyry
Copper and Porphyry M olybdenum Ore D e p o s i t s __________
be accepted as f u l f i l l i n g the d i s s e r t a t i o n requirement o f the
degree o f ___________ D octor o f P h ilo so p h y __________________________
After inspection of the final copy of the dissertation, the
following members of the Final Examination Committee concur in
its approval and recommend its acceptance:
Lk^Jris\ l ^
\~ x A w V - y ^
/3 /v /
„— / f j s h
Thjfs approval and accep^nce is contingent on ±fie candidate's
adequate performance and defense of this dissertation at the
final oral examination. The inclusion of this sheet bound into
the library copy of the dissertation is evidence of satisfactory
performance at the final examination.
STATEMENT BY AUTHOR
This d is s e rta tio n h a s b een subm itted in p a rtia l fu lfillm en t of

req u irem en ts for an ad v an c ed degree a t The U n iv e rsity of A rizona and
is d e p o site d in the U n iv e rsity L ibrary to be made a v a ila b le to borrow
e rs under ru le s of the L ib rary .
Brief q u o tatio n s from th is d is s e rta tio n are allo w ab le w ithout

s p e c ia l p e rm issio n , provided th a t a c c u ra te acknow ledgm ent o f so u rce
is m ade. R equests for p e rm issio n for e x ten d ed q u o tatio n from or r e
pro d u ctio n of th is m an u scrip t in w hole or in p a rt may be g ran ted by
the h e ad of the m ajor departm ent o r the D ean of the G raduate C o lle g e
w hen in h is judgm ent the p ro p o sed u se "of the m a teria l is in the in
te r e s ts of s c h o la rs h ip . In a ll o th e r in s ta n c e s , how ever, p e rm issio n
m u st be o b ta in e d from the a u th o r.
SIGNED:
ACKN OWLEDGMENTS
I w ish to e x p re ss a p p re c ia tio n to Dr. John M . G u ilb ert for h is
e n c o u ra g e m e n t, g u id a n c e , and h elp fu l c ritic ism during the p rep a ratio n
o f th is d is s e rta tio n and to D r. A ustin Long for h is g u id an ce and com
m ents in m aking the C l and F a n a l y s e s . I am g rate fu l for the ad v ice and
c ritic a l read in g of the m anuscript by D r s . S . R. T itle y , D . E. L iv in g sto n ,
and P . E. Dam on. A ppreciation for a c c e s s , fie ld a s s i s t a n c e , and c o l
le c tio n of and p e rm issio n to u s e sa m p le s is e x p re ss e d to th e D uval
C orporation (S ierrita and M ineral Park m in e s ), to K ennecott C opper C or
p o ratio n (Santa Rita m in e ), to P helps Dodge C orporation (M orenci and
New C o rn elia m in e s ), to C itie s S ervice C orporation (Copper C itie s m in e ),
to Brenda M ines C orporation (Brenda mine) and to C yprus M ines C orpo
ratio n (Thompson C reek d e p o s it) .
The Socidtd P enarroya of P a r is , F ra n c e , fin an ced my s ta y a t
The U n iv e rsity of A rizo n a, and the w h o le -ro c k a n a l y s e s . D r. Guy
R anchin of SocidW P enarroya is herew ith g ra te fu lly acknow ledged for
h is g u id an ce and com m ents and for the com m unication of com pany d a t a .
The S tate of Arizona is g ra te fu lly acknow ledged for the g ran t it provided
through The U n iv e rsity of Arizona for u s e of the U n iv e rs ity 's CDC 6400
c o m p u ter.
I w ish to th an k my w ife , R e n a te , and my frie n d s , Jim and P a u l,
for th e ir h e lp in the e d itin g of th is d is s e r ta tio n , and R enate ag ain for
m oral su p p o rt.
iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
LIST OF TABLES...................... ................................................................................... vi
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS............................ ................................. ........................ x
ABSTRACT............................................................................................... x iii
INTRODUCTION .................................. 1
S tatem ent of P r o b l e m s ................................................................................. 1

L ocation and G eneral G eology of D e p o s i t s ........................................ 11
New C o rn elia M ine (A riz o n a )........................................................... 11
M orenci Mine ( A r iz o n a ) .................................................................... 14
C opper C itie s M ine (A rizona)........................................................... 16
S ie rrita M ine (A rizona)....................................................................... 16
M ineral Park Mine ( A r iz o n a ) ........................................................... 18
S anta Rita M ine (New M e x ic o )........................................................ 21
Brenda M ine (British C o lu m b ia ) ..................................................... 21
Thompson C reek D e p o sit (Idaho)..................................................... 24
M ethods of I n v e s t i g a t i o n .......................................................................... 28
T reatm ent of S a m p le s .................. 29
T reatm ent of D a t a ........................................... 33
C om parison of M odal and Normal M ineralogic
C o m p o s itio n s .................. 37
PETROGRAPHY AND MINERALOGY .............................................................. ... . 42
G ranite P o rp h y ry ............... 42
Q uartz M onzonite P o rp h y rie s .................................................................... 52
N ew C o rn elia M ine .............................. 52
M orenci M in e ................................................................................ 59
S ie rrita M i n e ....................................................................... 64
C opper C itie s M i n e .............................................................................. 71
M ineral Park M in e. . .................................. 76
G ra n o d io rite ...................................................................................................... 82
S anta Rita M i n e .............................................. 82
Brenda M in e ............................................................................................ 89
Thompson C reek D e p o s it.................................................................... 97
Q u artz D i o r i t e .................................................................... 100
iv
V
TABLE OF CONTENTS— C ontinued
Page
GEOCHEMISTRY ................................................................................................... 107
M inor E le m e n ts................................................................................................ 112

B eryllium , S trontium , and B a riu m ............... 112
Zirconium and T itanium . ..................................................................... 127
V anadium , N ic k e l, and C hrom ium .................................................. 128
L ead, Z in c, M olybdenum , and C o p p e r ......................................... 130
Fluorine and C h lo rin e .......................................................................... 131
M ajor E le m e n ts............................................................................. 132
M a n g a n e s e ............................................................................................. 132
Sodium and P o t a s s i u m ....................................................................... 133
M agnesium and C a lc iu m ........................................................................ 134
I r o n ....................................................... 135
S ilic a and Aluminum.............................................................................. 135
A lteratio n A sse m b la g e s.................................................... 136
P o ta s s ic A l t e r a t i o n .............................................................................. 136
P h y llic A l t e r a t i o n ..................... 148
A rgillic A lte r a tio n ................................................................................. 159
D IS C U S S IO N ............................................................................................... 160
U se o f AKF and ACF D i a g r a m s ................................................................. 160

G eo chem ical E x p ressio n o f Porphyry D e p o s i t s .................................. 161
M ajor and M inor Elem ent B e h a v io r ............................................... 161
Supergene E ffects on H ypogene "M emory"
of th e R o c k s ....................................................................................... 163
R atios for S e le c te d E le m e n ts ........................................................... 168
A lteration C o n s t r a i n t s ................................................................................. 172
O rigin of the H ydrotherm al F lu id . ............................................................... 175
Proposed M odel of Porphyry Ore D ep o sit O r ig in ............... 176
C hlorine R e q u ire m e n ts ........................... 176
W ater R e q u ire m e n ts................................................. 178
H ydrogen and Oxygen Iso to p e R a tio s ............................................ 180
The Supposed C o n tin u u m .................................................................. 181
C o n c lu s io n s ..................... 185
APPENDIX A: RESULTS OF ANALYSES.............................................................. 187

APPENDIX B: CHLORINE AND FLUORINE ANALYTICAL METHOD . . . . 223
APPENDIX C: COMPUTER PROGRAMS..................................... 230
APPENDIX D: C .I .P .W . NORMS AND DIFFERENTIATION INDICES . . 282
APPENDIX E: REAL VALUES OF CORRELATION C O E FFIC IEN TS.............304
REFERENCES................................................................................ 321
LIST OF TABLES
T able Page
1. C u-(C uS + M0S 2) ra tio s of p u b lish e d g rad e s of

d ifferen t m ines and p r o s p e c t s ..................................................... 4
2. C u-(C uS + MoSg) and MoSgfCuS + MoSg) ra tio s for

rock ty p es from d ifferen t m i n e s .................................................. 7
3. C om parison of em issio n sp ectro g rap h y and atom ic

a b so rp tio n a n a ly s e s for C u , Pb, Zn, M o ................................. 31
4. Cl and F v a lu e s of the U .S .G .S . sam ple G S P 1 ............................... 32
5. C om position of gran ite porphyry from the C opper

C itie s m i n e .......................................................................................... 38
6. A lteration norm of g ran ite porphyry from the C opper

C itie s m i n e .......................... ......................................... ..................... 39
7. Summary of a lte ra tio n of g ran ite porphyry from th e

C opper C itie s m i n e .......................................................................... 50
8. C om position of q u artz m onzonite from the New

C o rn elia m ine. . ........................ 54
9. A lteration norm of q u artz m onzonite from the

New C o rn elia m i n e ........................................................................... 55
10. Summary of a lte ra tio n of q u a rtz m onzonite from the

New C o rn elia m i n e ........................................................................... 57
11. C om position o f q u a rtz m onzonite from the M orenci

m in e .......................................................................................................... 61
12. A lteration norm of q u artz m onzonite from the

M orenci mine ....................................................................................... 62
13. Summary of a lte ra tio n of q u artz m onzonite from

th e M orenci m i n e .............................................. ............................... 65
14. C om position of q u a rtz m onzonite from the S ie rrita mine . . . . 68
15. A lteration norm of quartz m onzonite from th e

S ie rrita m i n e ...................................................................................... 69
vi
v ii
LIST OF TABLES— C ontinued
T able Page
16. Summary of a lte ra tio n of q u artz m onzonite from the

S ierrita m i n e ....................................................................................... 72
17. C om position of quartz m onzonite from the C opper

C itie s m i n e .......................................................................................... 74
18. A lteration norm of qu artz m onzonite from the

Copper C itie s m i n e .......................................................................... 75
19. Summary of a lte ra tio n o f q u a rtz m onzonite from the

C opper C itie s m i n e .......................................................................... 77
20. C om position of qu artz m onzonite from th e M ineral

Park m i n e ..................... 79
21. A lteration norm of quartz m onzonite from th e

M ineral Park mine ........................................ 80
22. Summary of a lte ra tio n of quartz m onzonite from the

M ineral Park mine . ........................................ 83
23. C om position of g ranodiorite from the S anta Rita m i n e .............. 86
24. A lteration norm of granodiorite from the Santa Rita m i n e . . . . 87
25. Summary of a lte ra tio n of gran o d io rite from the

S anta Rita m in e .................................................................................... 90
26. C om position of gran o d io rite from the Brenda m in e ...................... 92
27. A lteration norm of g ran o d io rite from the Brenda m in e ................. 93
28. Summary of a lte ra tio n o f g ran o d io rite from the Brenda m in e. . 95
29. C om position of g ran o d io rite from th e Thompson

C reek d e p o s it.............................................. 98
30. A lteration norm of g ran o d io rite from the Thompson

C reek d e p o s i t . .................................................................................... 99
31. Summary of a lte ra tio n of g ran o d io rite from the

Thompson C reek d e p o s i t .................. 101
32. C om position of q u a rtz d io rite from the S ie rrita mine .................... 104
33. A lteration norm of q u a rtz d io rite from th e S ie rrita mine . . . . 105

v iii
T able Page
34. Summary of a lte ra tio n of q u artz d io rite from th e

S ierrita m i n e ....................................................................................... 106
35. C om parison of average co m p o sitio n , m ajor e le m e n ts ,

of d ifferen t rock ty p es and th o se reported by
N ockolds ( 1 9 5 4 ) ................................................................... 108
36. C om parison of average c o m p o sitio n , m inor e le m e n ts,

of d ifferen t rock ty p e s and th o se reported by
T urekian and W edepohl ( 1 9 6 1 ) .................................... 110
37. C o rrelatio n c o e ffic ie n ts of g ran ite porphyry from

C opper C i t i e s ....................................................................................... 113
38. C o rrelatio n c o e ffic ie n ts of q u artz m onzonite from

New C o r n e lia ....................................................................................... 114
39. C o rrelatio n c o e ffic ie n ts of quartz m onzonite from

M o r e n c i ................................................................................................ 115

S i e r r it a ................................................................................ 116

C opper C i t i e s ....................................................................................... 117
42. C o rrelatio n c o e ffic ie n ts o f q u a rtz m onzonite from

M ineral P a r k ............... 118
43. C o rrelatio n c o e ffic ie n ts of g ran o d io rite from S anta Rita . . . . 119
44. C o rrelatio n c o e ffic ie n ts of g ran o d io rite from B r e n d a .....................120
45. C o rrelatio n c o e ffic ie n ts of g ran o d io rite from

Thompson C r e e k ................................................................................. 121
46. C o rrelatio n c o e ffic ie n ts of q u a rtz d io rite from S ie rrita ..................122
47. C o rrelatio n c o e ffic ie n ts of 97 sam p les of fre sh r o c k s ..............123
48. C o rrela tio n c o e ffic ie n ts of 305 s a m p le s ......................................... 124
49. R atios for s e le c te d e l e m e n t s .............................................................. 165
50. C o rrelatio n c o e ffic ie n ts for ra tio s of s e le c te d elem en ts

in g ran ite porphyry from C opper C i t i e s ...................................... 169
ix
Table Page
51. C o rrelatio n c o e ffic ie n ts for ra tio s o f s e le c te d elem en ts
in quartz m onzonite from New C o r n e l i a .................................. 169
52. C o rrelatio n c o e ffic ie n ts for ra tio s of s e le c te d elem ents

in quartz m onzonite from M orenci ............................................... 169

in quartz m onzonite from S i e r r i t a ............................................... 169
54. C orrelation c o e ffic ie n ts for ra tio s of s e le c te d elem ents

in quartz m onzonite from C opper C i t i e s .................................. 170
55. C o rrelatio n c o e ffic ie n ts for ra tio s of s e le c te d elem en ts

in quartz m onzonite from M ineral P a r k ............................. 170
56. C o rrelatio n c o e ffic ie n ts for ra tio s o f s e le c te d elem ents

in granodiorite from S anta Rita ..................................................... 170

in granodiorite from B r e n d a .......................................................... 170
58. C orrelation c o e ffic ie n ts for ra tio s of s e le c te d elem ents

in granodiorite from Thompson C r e e k ........................................ 171

in quartz d io rite from S i e r r i t a . ..................................................... 171

in 97 sam ples of fre sh r o c k s ............................ ........................... 171

in 305 s a m p le s ................................................. 171
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
Figure Page
1. H istogram of the d istrib u tio n of porphyry d e p o sits

along the proposed c o n tin u u m ..................................................... 6
2. Index map show ing the lo c a tio n of the m ines from

Arizona and New M exico c o n sid ere d in th is s t u d y ............. 12
3. G en era liz ed g eo lo g ic map of the New C o rn elia m ine,

Ajo, A rizona.......................................................................................... 13
4. G e n era liz ed g eo lo g ic map of the M orenci m in e ,

M o ren ci, Arizona . . ........................................................................ 15
5. G en era liz ed g eo lo g ic map of the Copper C itie s m ine,

Miami," A rizo n a.................................................................................... 17
6. G e n e ra liz e d g eo lo g ic map of the S ierrita m ine,

S a h u a rita , Arizona (1972 p it g e o l o g y ) ..................................... 19
7. G e n era liz ed g eo lo g ic map of th e M ineral Park m ine,

Kingman, A r i z o n a .............................................................................. 20
8. G e n era liz ed g e o lo g ic map of the S anta Rita m in e ,

S anta R ita, New M e x ic o ................................................................. 22
9. Index map show ing the lo c a tio n of th e Brenda m in e ,

P e a c h la n d , B ritish C o lu m b ia ........................................................ 23
10. G e n e ra liz e d g eo lo g ic and sam ple lo c a tio n map of the

Brenda m ine, P e a c h la n d , B ritish C o lu m b ia ............................ 25
11. Index map show ing the lo c a tio n of the Thompson

C reek d e p o s it, C la y to n , Id a h o ..................................................... 26
12. G e n e ra liz e d g eo lo g ic and sam ple lo c a tio n map of the

Thompson C reek d e p o s it, C lay to n , I d a h o ............................... 27
13. L ocation of the sam p les from the C opper C itie s m ine,
M iam i, A rizona.................................................................................... 44
14. D iffere n tia tio n in d ex v s . SiOg diagram from th e sam p les

of the C opper C itie s m ine, M iam i, A rizo n a ............................ 45
x
xi
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS— C ontinued
Figure Page
15. D iffere n tia tio n index v s . AI2O3 diagram from the sam p les
of the Copper C itie s m in e , M iam i, A rizo n a............................ 45
16. D iffere n tia tio n index v s . KgO diagram from th e sam p les
of the Copper C itie s m in e , M iam i, A rizo n a............................ 46
17. D iffere n tia tio n index v s . CaO diagram from the sam p les
of the C opper C itie s m ine, M iam i, A rizona. . ...................... 46
18. D iffere n tia tio n index vs.M gO diagram from the sam p les
of the C opper C itie s m ine, M iam i, A rizo n a ............................ 47
19. D iffere n tia tio n index v s . NagO diagram from the sam p les
of th e C opper C itie s m ine, M iam i, A rizo n a............................. 47
20. D iffere n tia tio n index v s . FeO (to tal iron) from the sam p les
of the C opper C itie s m ine, M iam i, A rizo n a............................ 48
21. D istrib u tio n of norm ative a lte ra tio n a sse m b la g e s a t the

C opper C itie s m i n e ........................................................................... 51
22. L ocation of sam ples from th e New C o rn elia m ine,

A jo, A rizo n a............................................' ............................................ 53
23. D istrib u tio n of norm ative a lte ra tio n a sse m b la g e s at

th e New C ornelia m in e .................................................................... 58
24. L ocation of sam p les from th e M orenci m ine, M o ren ci,

A riz o n a ................................................................................................... 60
25. D istrib u tio n of norm ative a lte ra tio n a sse m b la g e s a t

the M orenci m i n e .............................................................................. 66
26. L ocation of sam p les from the S ie rrita m ine,

S a h u a rita , A rizona.............................................................................. 67

the S ie rrita m ine . .............................................................................. 73
28. L ocation of sam p les from the M ineral Park m in e ,

Kingm an, A r i z o n a .................................................................... 78

the M ineral Park m i n e ..................................................................... 84
30. L ocation of sam p les from the Santa Rita m ine,

S anta R ita, New M e x ic o .................................................................. 85
x ii
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS--Continued
Figure Page

the Santa Rita m i n e .......................................................................... 91
32. D istrib u tio n of norm ative a lte ra tio n a sse m b la g e s at

the Brenda m i n e .......................................................................... 96
33. D istrib u tio n of norm ative a lte ra tio n a sse m b la g e s a t ,

the Thompson C reek p ro s p e c t.................................... 102
34. AKF diagram for sam p les from the Copper C itie s m i n e .................137
35. AKF diagram for sam p les from the New C o rn elia m i n e .................139
36. AKF diagram for sam p les from th e M orenci m in e ..............................140
37. AKF diagram for sam p les from the S ie rrita m i n e .......................... 141
38. AKF diagram for sam p les from th e M ineral Park m in e ................ 143
39. AKF diagram for sam p les from the Santa Rita m in e ....................... 144
40. AKF diagram for sam p les from the Brenda m in e ............................. 146
41. AKF diagram for sam p les from the Thompson C reek d e p o s i t . . 147
42. ACF diagram for sam p les from th e C opper C itie s m in e .............. 149
43. ACF diagram for sam p les from the New C o rn elia m i n e ..................150
44. ACF diagram for sam p les from th e M orenci m in e .......................... 152
45. ACF diagram for sam p les from the S ierrita m i n e .......................... 153
46. ACF diagram for sam p les from th e M ineral Park m in e ................. 154
47. ACF diagram for sa m p le s from the Santa Rita m i n e .................... 156
48. ACF diagram for sam p les from th e Brenda m in e .............................. 157
49. ACF diagram for sam p les from the Thompson C reek d e p o s it. . 158
ABSTRACT
The Copper C i t i e s , New C o rn e lia , M o ren ci, S ie rrita , and
M in eral Park d e p o sits of A rizona, the Santa Rita mine of New M ex ico ,
th e Thompson C reek d e p o sit of Id ah o , and the Brenda mine of B ritish
C olum bia sp an from 0 .0 to 1 .0 in CuS—(CuS + MoSg) r a tio s . T hese
ra tio s show a gap b etw een the Brenda mine valu e (0.74) and th e Thomp
so n C reek molybdenum end-m em ber v a lu e (0 .0 2 ). P e ru sa l of the
lite ra tu re did not reduce the gap b etw een the c o p p e r-ric h and the
m olybdenum -rich porphyry ore d e p o s its . T hese tw o d e p o sit ty p e s , long
th o u g h t of a s belonging to a unique c l a s s , have b een the s u b je c t of
num erous s tu d ie s , and more and more d iffe re n c e s h ave b een p o in ted o u t.
P etro g rap h ic in v e s tig a tio n and w h o le -ro c k a n a ly s e s of a to ta l of 305
s am p les from th e s e d e p o s its t e s t the e x is te n c e of a continuum betw een
porphyry Cu and porphyry Mo ore d e p o s its and the a p p lic a b ility of AKF
and ACF diagram s to a lte ra tio n s tu d ie s , b e tte r define the g eo ch em ical
e x p re ss io n of porphyry m in e ra liz a tio n , and are u se fu l in com paring a l
te ra tio n in the d ifferen t rock ty p e s and e v alu atin g the e ffe c ts of su p e r
g en e a c tiv ity on the hypogene m em ory.
The p etro g rap h ic stu d y w as in ten d ed to support the g eo ch em ical
d a ta , the treatm en t of w hich c o m p rises the c a lc u la tio n o f norm s, chem i
c a l g a in s and lo s s e s , and c o rre la tio n c o e ffic ie n ts . A nalyses are for S i,
Al, K, N a , C a , M g, to ta l F e , T i, M n, C u, M o, P b, Zn, N i, C r, V, Be,
Ba, S r, C l, and F . E stim ates of w a ter from lo s s on ig n itio n , F e+3 from
x iii
xiv
m odal m ag netite and h e m a tite , and su lfu r from m odally and ch em ically
determ ined su lfid e p e rc e n ta g e s w ere in c lu d e d . In a d d itio n to q u a rtz ,
o rth o c la s e , a lb ite , a n o rth ite , h y p e rsth e n e , sp h e n e , h e m a tite , m agne
t i t e , and s u lfid e s , th e norm in c lu d es the c a lc u la tio n of b io tite , a c tin o -
l i t e , k a o lin ite , and m u sc o v ite , but could not include the com putation of
c h lo rite , e p id o te , or m ontm orillonite. A lteration e x te n s iv e n e s s w as c a l
c u la te d by com paring am ounts of m in erals p ertain in g to th a t a lte ra tio n
and am ounts of m inerals in fresh ro c k s .
R esu lts of th e s e a n a ly s e s for the d e p o sits are:
1. AKF diagram s w ith the F fa c to r s e t equal to F eO + MgO + MnO +
TiOg m inus su lfu r linked to iron in ch alco p y rite and p y rite in d i
c a te a d ire c t re la tio n sh ip b etw een d isp lac em e n t of re p re s e n ta
tiv e p o in ts tow ard the K ap ex and p o ta s s ic a lte ra tio n . For
p h y llic a lte ra tio n , the p o in ts sh ift le s s sy s te m a tic a lly tow ard
th e m uscovite p o in t. The ACF diagram d o es not seem a s u s e
f u l.
2. N eg ativ e an o m alies in Al, C a , N a , Fe+ 2 , Fe+ 3 , M g, T i, N i,
Sr, Ba, V, and Cl accom panied by p o sitiv e an o m alies in H 2O,
S , C u , P b, Zn, K, F , and Zr are in d ic a tiv e of m in e ralize d and
a lte re d r o c k s .
3. P o sitiv e Cr and Ni an o m alies com bined w ith n e g a tiv e V anom a
lie s are good in d ic a to rs of supergene overprint on hypogene a l
te ra tio n . A strong F enrichm ent w ith p o sitiv e c o rre la tio n s b e
tw een F, Be, and F e +2 in d ic a te s m in eralized a r e a s .
4. There is e v id en ce of n eg ativ e c o rre la tio n s b etw een Al and
p h y llic a lte ra tio n and b etw een Fe+2 and p o ta s s ic a lte ra tio n and
XV
of p o sitiv e c o rre la tio n s betw een F and p h y llic a lte ra tio n and
b etw een F and C u.
5. H ydrotherm al flu id s are thought to be of c o llin e a r o rig in . The

re la tio n s betw een the d iffe re n tia tio n in d ex and m ajor elem ents
in d ic a te th a t hydrotherm al flu id s are a c o n tin u atio n of m ag
m atic p r o c e s s e s .
6. E arlier in te rp re ta tio n s of oxygen and hydrogen iso to p e d a ta are
c o n te ste d b e c a u se of the equilibrium exchange b etw een F“ and
OH** in the c l a y s . The orthom agm atic m odel is favored over th e
c o n v ec tiv e m odel for g e n e ra l porphyry ore d e p o s it g e n e s is .
7. There w as no ev id en ce among the e ig h t d e p o s its stu d ie d of a
sig n ific a n t p etro g rap h ic or g eo ch em ical v a ria tio n b etw een p o r
phyry molybdenum and porphyry copper d e p o s its . R ather, th ey
a p p ear to be of sim ila r c h e m istry , w ith th e m ost o u tstan d in g
v a ria tio n being the ra tio of copper to m olybdenum .

INTRODUCTION
S tatem ent of Problem s
In 1970, th e w orld m ining in d u stry produced 4 .8 5 m illion sh o rt
to n s of co pper (Cox e t a l . , 1973) and 200 m illion pounds o f m olybdenum
(King, Shaw e, and M cK evett, 1973). The dem and for both m etals is
e x p ec te d to in c re a s e , and more d e p o s its w ill h a v e to be d isc o v e re d to
s a tis f y th is dem and. N in e ty -fiv e p e rc e n t o f th e m olybdenum com es from
p o rp h y ry -ty p e d e p o s its , e ith e r a s th e m ain m ineral or as a b y -p ro d u ct
(King e t a l . , 1973). A larg e amount of copper com es from porphyry c o p
p e r ore d e p o s its — 19 p e rc en t of th e w orld to ta l production is a c c o u n te d
for by th e porphyry d e p o sits of th e so u th w e ste rn U nited S ta te s a lo n e —
and more th a n lik e ly porphyry copper ore d e p o s its w ill be re s p o n s ib le for
m ost of th e future copper sup p ly (Cox e t a l . , 1973). The re s p e c tiv e d e
p o s its h av e b e en referred to as porphyry copper and porphyry m olybdenum
d e p o s its , im p lic itly su g g e stin g th a t th e y are sim ila r. T itle y , (1966, p .

ix) s ta te d th a t
th e term "porphyry copper" h a s had many m e a n in g s. O rig in ally

ap p lied in a g e n e tic s e n s e to d isse m in a te d co p p er m in e ra liz a
tio n in a cid ig n eo u s po rp h y ritic r o c k s , its d e fin itio n h a s now
come to be more c lo s e ly a llie d to econom ic c o n sid e ra tio n s and
en g in eering c h a r a c te r is tic s . The p re se n t s e n s e of m eaning is
broad and g e n e ra l but is e s s e n tia lly a p p lic a b le to la r g e , lo w -
g ra d e , e p ig e n e tic , hypogene copper d e p o s its th a t c an be
m ined by m ass-m in in g m e th o d s.
Low ell and G uilbert (1970, p . 374) d efin ed th e term a s e ith e r
copper a n d /o r molybdenum " d isse m in a te d and stockw ork v e in le t su lfid e
m in e ra liz a tio n em placed in v ario u s h o s t rocks th a t h a v e b e en a lte re d by
1
2
hydrotherm al so lu tio n s into roughly c o n ce n tric zo n al p a tte r n s ," ty p ic a lly
a lo w -g ra d e , la r g e - s c a le d e p o s it. They p ointed out th e s im ila ritie s b e
tw een copper and molybdenum d e p o s its and b e lie v e d in a unifying m odel.
Follow ing th is m odel, C lark (1972) p re se n te d th e porphyry m olybdenum
d e p o s its a s a sin g le c la s s o f stockw ork molybdenum d e p o s its . By so
d o in g , he brought to lig h t d iffe re n c e s betw een th e copper and molybdenum
d e p o s its . L ater, K esler (1973, p . 110) d ivided th e porphyry copper ore
d e p o s its into "re a l copper-m olybdenum and c o p p er-g o ld c l a s s e s . "
"All porphyry copper d e p o s its c o n ta in a t le a s t tra c e s of m olyb
d e n ite , and a ll porphyry m olybdenum d e p o s its c o n ta in som e c h a lc o p y -
r i t e , " sa id Low ell and G uilbert (1970, p . 3 7 5). A ccording to them , a
ty p ic a l porphyry copper d e p o sit is re la te d to a sto c k of about 4 ,000 to
6, 000 fe e t in p la n , and from C la rk 's (1972) T able 2, one c an co n clu d e
th a t porphyry molybdenum d e p o sits h a v e sim ilar sto c k s i z e s . Porphyry
copper d e p o sits are oval to p ip e lik e and th e ir m in e ra liz a tio n c a n o ccu r
anyw here in th e v e rtic a l e x te n t of th e sto c k ; in c o n tr a s t, porphyry mo
lybdenum o c c u rre n c e s a re more c y lin d ric a l and th e sto c k is o ften capped
by th e m in e ra liz a tio n . M ost porphyry copper in tru s iv e ro ck s are em
p la c e d p a s s iv e ly and m ost porphyry molybdenum in tru s iv e ro ck s are
em placed fo rc e fu lly . B reccia p ip e s a re common in porphyry copper d e
p o s its , b u t b re c c ia d ik e s and p ip e s a re more ty p ic a l of porphyry m olyb
denum d e p o s its . The h o st in tru s iv e te x tu re is commonly com posed of
p h e n o c ry sts of q u artz and fe ld s p a rs to g e th e r w ith sm all am ounts of b io -
tite and h o rn b le n d e . P etro lo g ic com position o f th e m in e ralize d in tru s iv e
u n its v a rie s from g ran o d io rite through q u artz m onzonite to g ra n ite (Lowell
and G u ilb e rt, 1970; C la rk , 1972). T itley (1973) and W olf (1973) point
3
out th a t porphyry copper ore d e p o sits of th e so u th w e ste rn P a c ific and th e
P h ilip p in e s are more commonly in quartz d io ritic h o s t in tr u s io n s .
A g re a te r sim ila rity is u n d erlin ed by hydrotherm al a lte ra tio n and
z o n in g . Both ty p e s of d e p o s its ex h ib it th e follow ing a lte ra tio n zoning
from in sid e to o u tsid e : p o ta s s ic , p h y llic , a r g illic , and p ro p y litic , a l
though any one of th e a lte ra tio n ty p e s can be m is s in g . A dvanced a rg il
lic a lte ra tio n in its two fo rm s, q u a rtz -k a o lin ite -a lu n ite and q u a r tz - to p a z ,
is found sp o ra d ic a lly in porphyry copper and m olybdenum d e p o s its , re
s p e c tiv e ly . C e n tra lly lo c a te d m olybdenite is d e p o site d e a rly and co n
tem p o ran eo u sly w ith p y rite and o th er s u lf id e s . C h alc o p y rite is d e p o site d
la te r , g e n e ra lly p e rip h e ral to th e m olybdenite z o n e , and g a le n a and
sp h a le rite are th e m ost e x te rn a l. In copper d e p o s its , th e su lfid e s o ccu r
e ith e r d isse m in a te d or in stockw ork v e in le ts , w h ereas m olybdenite in
m olybdenum d e p o sits if found m ainly in stockw ork v e i n l e t s . S u lfid es a re
e s s e n tia lly and re p e a te d ly th e sa m e , th e m ost common and abundant b e
ing p y rite , c h a lc o p y rite , m o ly b d en ite, b o rn ite (deep), g a le n a , and
s p h a le r ite . Tin and tu n g ste n m in erals o c cu r in th e m olybdenum d e p o s its
along w ith flu o rite or to p a z or b o th . They h a v e not b e en found in por
phyry copper ore d e p o s its , w ith th e e x cep tio n of to p a z th a t h a s b een
rep o rted a t S anta R ita , New M exico (N ie lse n , 1968) and B u tte , M ontana
(M eyer e t a l . , 1968). Porphyry copper ore d e p o s its c o n ta in more s u lfo -
s a l t s , such a s e n a rg ite , te n n a n tite , and te tr a h e d r ite , th an do m olyb
d e n ite d e p o sits (Lowell and G u ilb e rt, 1970; C la rk , 1972).
The CuS-(CuS + M0S2) r a tio s , w here CuS re p re s e n ts c h a lc o
p y rite a fte r su b tra c tio n of iro n , re v e a l a larg e gap in v a lu e s b e tw een
copper and m olybdenum d e p o s its (Table 1 and F ig . 1). The v a lu e s ran g e

4
T able 1. CuS-fCuS + M0S2) ra tio s of p u b lish e d g rad e s of d ifferen t m ines

and p ro sp e c ts
D ep o sit C uS/(C uS + M0S2) R eference
U nited S ta te s
Bagdad (Ariz.) 0 . 98 B eall (1973)

B isbee (Ariz.) 1 .0 0 Lowell and G uilbert (1970)
C h ristm as (Ariz.) 1 .0 0 B eall (1973)
E sp eran za (Ariz.) .95 D o.
In sp ira tio n (Ariz.) .99 D o.
M iami (Ariz.) .99 D o.
M ineral Park (Ariz.) .91 D o.
M orenci (Ariz.) 1 .0 0 D o.
New C o rn elia (Ariz.) 1 .0 0 D o.
Pima (Ariz.) .98 D o.
Ray (Ariz.) .98 D o.
San M anuel (Ariz.) .97 D o.
S ierrita (Ariz.) .91 D o.
Tyrone (Ariz.) 1 .0 0 D o.
B attle M ountain (N ev.) 1 .0 0 D o.
Ely (N ev.) .99 D o.
S anta Rita (N. M ex.) .99 D o.
Bingham (Utah) .96 D o.
C lim ax (C olo.) .00 C lark (1972)
H enderson (C olo.) .00 D o.
U rad (C olo.) .00 D o.
Q u e sta (N . M ex.) .00 D o.
B ritish C olum bia
Alice 0 .0 0 C lark (1972)

Hudson Bay .00 D o.
Endako .00 D o.
Boss M ountain .00 D o.
Big Ben .00 D o.
N ogal Peak .74 D o.
Isla n d C opper .94 D o.
Brenda .77 C arr (1967)
G alore C reek 1 .0 0 F ie ld , J o n e s , and Bruce (1973)
Liard C opper .94 D o.
G ra n isle 1 .0 0 D o.
Bell C opper 1 .0 0 D o.
G ib raltar .97 D o.
Iron M ask 1 .0 0 D o.
V alley C opper 1 .0 0 D o.
Lornex .98 D o.
C opper M ountain 1 .0 0 D o.
5
Table 1. CuS-(CuS + M0S2) r a t i o s . — C ontinued
D eposit C uS/(C uS + MoS2) R eference
A rgentina
P aram illos Sur 0 .9 5 H o llis te r (1973)

La Alumbrera .90 D o.
Pachon 1. 00 D o.
C hile
Los Pelam bres 0 .9 6 S illito e (1972)

C huquicam ata .95 H o llis te r (1973)
El Salvador .95 D o.
Co Blanco (Cerro) .98 D o.
Los Bronces 1. 00 D o.
El T eniente .97 D o.
M antos B lancos 1. 00 D o.
Ecuador
C aucha 0 .9 6 H o llis te r (1973)
Peru
T oquepala 0 .9 4 H o llis te r (1973)

M ich iq u illay .97 D o.
C u ajo n es .96 D o.
Q u ellev eco .95 D o.
M orococha .97 D o.
6
E X PLA N A T I 0 N
3 0 -r—i
PORPHYRY DEPOSITS FROM TABLE I
PORPHYRY DEPOSITS FROM THIS

STUDY, TABLE 2
C u S / ( C u S + Mo $ 2 )
Figure 1. H istogram of the d istrib u tio n of porphyry d e p o s its

along th e proposed continuum
7
T able 2 . CuS-(CuS + M0S 2) and MoS2 (CuS +M 0S2) ra tio s for rock ty p e s
from d ifferen t m ines
Rock Type and M ine C uS/(C uS + M 0S 2) M oS 2/ ( C u S + M0 S2)
G ran ite Porphyry
C opper C itie s mine 0 .9 9 0 0 . 01 0
Q uartz M onzonite
New C o rn elia mine .999 .001

M orenci mine .977 .023
S ierrita mine .940 .060
C opper C itie s mine .932 .068
M ineral Park mine .889 .111
G ran o d io rite
S anta Rita mine .956 .044

Brenda mine .776 .224
Thompson C reek d e p o s it .043 .957
Q uartz D iorite
S ierrita mine .991 .009

8
from 1 to 0 .7 4 in th e c o p p e r-ric h porphyry d e p o s its to 0 .0 in th e m olyb-
d e n itife ro u s o n e s . This gap could be ex p la in e d by th e fa c t th a t in p o r
phyry molybdenum and som e porphyry copper d e p o s its , copper and
m olybdenum , re s p e c tiv e ly , are not norm ally eco n o m ically rec o v era b le
and th e re fo re no d a ta are g iven for th em . If copper o ccu rred in m olyb
denum ore d e p o s its in am ounts sim ila r to th a t of m olybdenum in porphyry
copper d e p o s its , th e gap would be re d u c e d . Only N ogal Peak and Brenda
h av e C uS-(C uS + MoSg) ra tio s of 0 .7 4 and 0 .7 7 , r e s p e c tiv e ly , w h ile th e
ra tio s at o th er m ines a re b etw een 1. 0 0 and 0 .9 0 , so at b e s t th e gap
w ould range from 0 .7 4 to 0 .2 6 . The assu m p tio n th a t th e re are porphyry
ore d e p o s its c o n ta in in g eq u al am ounts o f co p p er and m olybdenum is not
supported by th is e v id e n c e .
The a rtic le of Low ell and G uilbert (1970) le a d s to th e c o n c lu
sio n th a t th e re is d e s c rip tiv e ly only one c la s s of porphyry ore d e p o s its
and th a t a continuum b etw een two end mem bers is d e s c rip tiv e ly f e a s ib le .
C lark (1972) and K esler (1973) su g g e s t th a t th e re a re d ifferen t c l a s s e s .
T h ese d iffe re n c e s can be accom m odated to th e e x is te n c e of a continuum
b e tw ee n porphyry copper and porphyry molybdenum ore d e p o s i ts , but
su ch a continuum is in doubt if one looks a t th e g ra d e s of th e d e p o s its
th a t are a c tu a lly m ined (F ig. 1) and at th e aforem entioned p e tro lo g ic and
m in eralo g ic e v id e n c e s w hich p o in t tow ard a d is c o n tin u ity . But it is s till
p o s s ib le th a t a porphyry ore d e p o sit w ith equal am ounts of copper and
m olybdenum e x is ts but h a s not y e t b een d isc o v e re d , th e gap being th e re
fore a c c id e n ta l. If s o , one should be a b le to find g e o lo g ic a l and g e o
ch em ical c h a r a c te ris tic s in th e ro ck s th a t w ould in d ic a te a g e n e tic or
p e tro lo g ic or g eo ch e m ica l c o n tin u ity . By looking at th e g e o ch e m istry of

9
hydrotherm al a lte ra tio n and th e geo ch em istry of th e fresh r o c k s , a ste p
tow ard a b e tte r u n d erstan d in g of th e problem could be m a d e . That step
i s p art of th e purpose of th is s tu d y .
Some g eo ch em ical work h a s a lre a d y b een done in th a t d ire c tio n .
The p io n eer work of S a les and M eyer (1948) at B u tte , M ontana is th e
only one d ealin g e x te n siv e ly w ith g a in s and lo s s e s in porphyry ore d e
p o s i t s . Some p a rtia l e v id e n ce s have b e en brought out by C re a se y (1959),
M eyer and Hem ley (1967), and F ie ld , J o n e s , and Bruce (1973), but th e y
only b e ar on a few sam ples from a few m in e s. The e x c e lle n t work of
S a les and M eyer (1948) c o n sid e re d th e m ajor e lem en ts p lu s w a te r, c a r
bon d io x id e , and su lfu r. D a v is 's work (1974) at San M an u el, A rizona,
although looking at m ajor and m inor e le m e n ts, w as seco n d ary to exam in
ing th e geotherm om etry of th e d e p o s it. No one h a s y e t trie d to look at
se v e ra l d e p o s its and d e al w ith both m ajor and minor elem ent geochem
is tr y .
The re s e a rc h reported h ere w as c arried out during th e y e a rs
1972, 1973, and 1974. The re s e a rc h program in clu d ed the c o lle c tio n of
reg u la rly sp a c e d sam p les for ch em ical a n a ly s is , th in - s e c tio n p e tro g
rap h y , and X -ray d iffra ctio n a n a ly s is in eig h t d ifferen t porphyry ore d e
p o s its : The New C o rn elia and M orenci m ines of P h elp s Dodge C orpora
tio n , th e M ineral Park and Si err it a m ines of Duval C o rp o ratio n , th e
C opper C itie s m ine of C itie s S ervice C orporation, th e S anta Rita m ine
of K ennecott C opper C o rp o ratio n , th e Brenda mine of Brenda M ine C or
p o ra tio n , and th e Thompson C reek d e p o sit of Cyprus M ines C o rp o ratio n .
T h ese m ines w ere s e le c te d to re p re se n t th e copper and molybdenum end
m em bers of th e su p p o sed continuum w ith in term ed iate d e p o s i ts . The

10
c h o ic e of d e p o s its w as d ic ta te d by CuS-(CuS + MoSg) ra tio s (Table 2
and F ig . 1) and th e a c c e s s ib ility to th e m in e s . It is h ig h ly re g re tta b le
th a t p e rm issio n w as not g ran ted for a c c e s s to th e C lim ax and H enderson
d e p o s i ts , w hich are to every g e o lo g ist th e type exam ples of molybdenum
ore d e p o s its . Thompson C reek w as th e m ost m olybdenitiferous d e p o sit
a c c e s s ib le for th is s tu d y . The ch o ic e of M ineral P ark , M o ren ci, and
S an ta Rita w as in flu en ced by th e dom inantly su p erg en e c h a ra c te r of a l
te ra tio n . The geology of a ll d e p o sits is w ell docum ented, ex ce p t th a t of
th e Thompson C reek d e p o s it, and no further g e o lo g ic a l in v e s tig a tio n w as
n e c e s s a r y . The sam pling w as done w ith th e h elp of lo c a l g e o lo g ists who
gave free ly of th e ir d a ta and u n d e rsta n d in g . The p etro g rap h ic stu d y on
th e th in s e c tio n s w as d e sig n ed to support th e ch em ical d a ta th a t form
th e b a s is for th e c a lc u la tio n of th e norm ative com position of th e rocks
and th e e x te n s iv e n e s s of a lte ra tio n . The re su ltin g a lte ra tio n stu d y w as
th ere fo re m eant to be q u a n tita tiv e a s w e ll a s q u a lita tiv e . The trea tm e n t
of th e ch em ical inform ation w as g re a tly fa c ilita te d by w riting com puter
program s p ro c e s s e d by th e U n iv e rsity of A rizo n a's CDC 6400 com puter.
The com puter program s in clu d ed th e c a lc u la tio n s of (1) oxide and su lfid e
w e ig h ts and m olar p e rc e n ta g e s , (2) a v erag e a b u n d an ces of d ifferen t e le
m e n ts, (3) th e CIPW and a lte ra tio n n o rm s, (4) a lte ra tio n e x te n s iv e n e s s ,
(5) AKF and ACF v a lu e s , (6) ch em ical g a in s and l o s s e s , and (7) c o rre la
tio n c o e f f ic ie n ts . This approach to a lte ra tio n stu d y w ith th e h elp of
com puter te c h n iq u e s is th e only known one made so fa r.
In s u c c e s s iv e c h a p te rs of th is d is s e r ta tio n , th e sam ple in v e s
tig a tio n c o m p rises sp e c ific a lly : (1) b rie f p re s e n ta tio n of th e g eology of
th e d e p o s it, (2) d e sc rip tio n of th e in d iv id u al com puter program s u se d in

11
d a ta tre a tm e n t, (3) p etro g rap h ic m odal and norm ative com p o sitio n s of
th e r o c k s , (4) ev alu atio n of a lte ra tio n e x te n s iv e n e s s , (5) s t a tis tic a l
a p p ra isa l of m inor and m ajor elem ent behavior in re la tio n w ith one a n
o th e r, (6) s ta tis tic a l g eo ch em ical c h a ra c te riz a tio n of a lte ra tio n ty p e s ,
and (7) an in te g ratio n and in te rp re ta tio n of th e p etro g rap h ic and chem
ic a l d a t a . This re se a rc h is e x p ected to further th e know ledge of th e
g eo ch em ical e x p re ssio n of th e d e p o s its , to e v a lu a te th e e ffe c ts of
su p erg en e a lte ra tio n on th e hypogene "memory" of th e ro c k s , to d efine
b e tte r th e p h y sic o ch e m ic al c o n s tra in ts of ore-form ing p r o c e s s e s , and
th ere b y to provide a b e tte r u n d erstan d in g of th e g e n e s is of porphyry ore

d e p o s its .
L ocation and G eneral G eology of D e p o sits
Brief d e sc rip tio n s of th e geology of th e d e p o s its stu d ie d w ill be
follow ed in su b seq u e n t s e c tio n s w ith sam pling d a ta and lith o lo g ic -
p e tro lo g ic -c h e m ic a l d e t a i l s .
New C o rn elia M ine (Arizona)
The New C o rn elia m ine is lo c a te d at th e e a s t end of th e L ittle
Ajo M ountains (Fig. 2) in th e B asin and Range p rovince and lie s so u th of
th e tow n of Ajo in so u th e a s te rn A rizona, 136 m iles w e s t of T u cso n . The
form ations in th e v ic in ity of th e mine range in ag e from Precam brian to
la te T e rtia ry . Three m ajor fa u lts cut th e d is tric t: th e G ibson Arroyo and
th e Black M ountain norm al fa u lts tren d n o rth e a st and th e L ittle Ajo M oun
ta in fau lt tre n d s n orthw est (D ixon, 1966).
The ro ck s ex p o sed in th e m ine (Fig. 3) a re com posed of C on
c e n tra to r V olcanics of C re ta c e o u s a g e , C o rn elia C u artz M onzonite and

12
UTAH COLORADO
A RIZO N A NEW MEXICO
MINERAL
PARK
COPPER
Phoenix CITIES
MORENCI
NEW SANTA
CORNELIA RITA
Tucson
SIERRITA
ISO MILES
Figure 2 . Index map show ing the lo c a tio n of th e m ines from

Arizona and New M exico c o n sid e re d in th is study
X V lV i V i W ,.
1ê
NV lV l\Y
L\YX"u<YY^ > c i *"
V > > L \\^ X Y '> X C \Y Y Y \'
A^ \ r
v^\ A
^LYtuLi.‘"v‘'i
*1 > <\
sYVi‘,
tY'-tYYYYSlYlY,
^LYYYYY' LYYYYY:
V xY V , VuYYYYYL
< -1 < v
■■U. ' / J * ~
1970 PIT,
OUTLINE
1600 FEET
E X P L A N A T I O N
## Tertiary
Fa n g l o me r a t e Slit DI o rl t e
iti Quartz
Monzonite
Rh y e l i t e
Figure 3 . G e n e ra liz e d g eo lo g ic map of the New C o rn elia mine

Ajo, A rizo n a. —After Dixon (1966)
14
q u artz d io rite of T ertiary a g e , and Locom otive Fanglom erate and Ajo V ol-
c a n ic s of la te T ertiary a g e . The C o n cen trato r V olcanics are intruded by
th e C o rn elia Q uartz M onzonite and are o v erlain by th e Locom otive F a n -
g lo m e rate . The C ornelia Q uartz D iorite c o n s titu te s th e border fa c ie s of
th e o re -b e a rin g quartz m on zo n ite. The Locom otive F anglom erate is a llu
v ia l and lie s on th e e ro sio n su rfa ce of o ld er r o c k s . The a n d e s itic flo w s ,
b r e c c ia s , and tu ffs of th e Ajo V olcan ics are in terb ed d ed w ith th e fa n
glom erate (Dixon, 1966).
M orenci M ine (Arizona)
The M orenci m ine, th e e a ste rn m o st m ajor copper m ine in Ari
zona (Fig. 2), is situ a te d north of th e tow n of M orenci on a fau lte d
p la te a u . It is w ith in th e tra n s itio n zone b etw een th e B asin and Range
p ro v in ce and th e C olorado P la te a u . The rocks form an in terru p ted s e
q u en ce from Precam brian b a sem e n t to T ertiary v o lc a n ic flow s (Fig. 4 ).
The P inal S c h ist and a g ran o d io rite com plex make up th e Precam brian
b a se m e n t, th e stru c tu re of w hich g re a tly in flu en ced la te r g eology in th e
d is tr ic t. The re a d er is referred to Langton (1972) for d e ta ile d d e sc rip tio n
o f th e very co m p licated stru c tu ra l geology of th e d i s t r i c t . The P a le o z o ic
q u a rtz ite , lim e sto n e , and s h a le re s t unconform ably on th is b asem en t and
a re o v e rla in by rem nants of lim e sto n e and s h a le s of C re ta c e o u s a g e . The
d is tr ic t is e n c irc le d by T ertiary v o lc a n ic flow s and in tru s iv e p ip e s of
b a s a lt, a n d e s ite , and rh y o lite . The d io rite porphyry is th e firs t m ani
fe s ta tio n of th e Laram ide orogeny and is follow ed by th e quartz m onzo
n ite porphyry, w hich is th e p rin c ip a l o re -b e a rin g ro c k . A g ra n ite
porphyry in tru d e s a ll o ld er p o rp h y rie s. All th e s e in tru siv e s ta g e s are

mer
m m ,
wmm
E X
I .
Qol
P L A
All uvi um
Dump
m
T
and
I 0 N
} QUATERNARY
0 O 0 O
y & *09 0
0
+ + + +
+ T Kd + Diabase
H- + + +
- TERTIARY-CRETACEOUS
Monzonit e and
Granite Porphyry
» O 0 QO 0
; mps . 0»
° • o o
Sedimentary
Rocks } MESOZOIC-PALEOZOIC
5 #
Granite
Schist
and
} PRECAMBRI AN
3000 FEET
____ |
Figure 4 . G en era liz ed g eo lo g ic map of the M orenci m in e ,

M o ren ci, A riz o n a .—After M oolick and Durek (1966)
16
accom panied by d ik es and s ills of sim ila r co m p o sitio n . Num erous d i s
tin c t b re c c ia o ccu rren c es have b een reco g n ized in th e d is tr ic t, a few
being younger th an th e m in e ra liz a tio n . Im portant su p erg en e enrichm ent
o ccu rred during th e upper M iocene (M oolick and D u rek , 1966).
C opper C itie s M ine (Arizona)
The C opper C itie s ore d e p o s it, on the south flank of S leeping
Beauty M o untain, is part of th e G lobe-M iam i d is tr ic t. It is s itu a te d
w ith in th e p e rip h e ral zone of th e C olorado P la te a u , 3 .5 m iles north of
th e tow n of Miami (Fig. 2). The ro ck s range in age from early P recam -
b rian to H olocene (Fig. 5). Three m ajor fa u lts o ccu r in th e v ic in ity of
th e ore body: th e n o rth e a s t-s trik in g S leeping Beauty fa u lt, th e n o rth -
strik in g C olorado fa u lt, and th e n o rth w e s t-s trik in g Drummond fa u lt.
T hese fa u lts lim it th e ore to th e n o rth w e st, w e s t, and e a s t , re s p e c tiv e
ly . The Precam brian b asem en t is com posed of P inal S c h ist and sed im en
tary ro ck s of th e Apache G roup. P a le o z o ic rocks in clu d e Cam brian
q u a rtz ite , D evonian lim e sto n e , and M is s is s ip ia n and P en n sy lv an ian
lim e s to n e s . In Late C re ta c e o u s to early T ertiary tim e , th e L ost G ulch
Q uartz M o n zo n ite, d ia b a s e , and g ra n ite porphyry intruded th e o ld er for
m atio n s. The copper m in e ra liz a tio n fo llo w e d . A g re a t unconform ity
s e p a ra te s th e in tru s iv e ro ck s from th e T ertiary W h ite ta il and G ila C on
g lo m erates (P eterso n , 1954).
S ierrita M ine (Arizona)
The S ierrita m ine is lo c a te d on th e so u th e a s te rn flan k of th e •
S ie rrita M ountains a d ja c e n t to and g e o lo g ic a lly p art of th e E sp eran za
ore b o d y . It lie s approxim ately 35 m iles so u th -s o u th w e s t of T ucson

17
E X P L
Quaternary Pal eozoi c L i m e s t o n e and
Qol
Alluvium
■
Apache Gr o u p
Granite
Pi n a l Schist
Por phyry
Diabase
6 7W
>.b:
*
Por phyr y F a c i e s of t h e
Quartz Monzonlte
La s t Gu l c h
lifi+ + 4
Lo s t Gulch Qua r t z
Coarse-Grained Por phyr y

Monzonlte ( undi f ferent i at ed)
Facies of the La s t Gulch

^ + 4 4
4 4 4 Quartz Mo n z o n i t e
Figure 5. G e n e ra liz e d g eo lo g ic map of the C opper C itie s m ine,

M iam i, A riz o n a .—After P e te rso n (1954)
18
w ith in th e B asin and Range province (Fig. 2). Precam brian ro ck s of
g ra n itic co m position and P a le o z o ic sedim entary ro ck s o c cu r to th e north
of S ierrita (C ooper, 1971). The H arris Ranch qu artz m onzonite and th e
Laram ide quartz m onzonite and quartz d io rite c o n ta in th e ore (Fig. 6) .
The H arris Ranch q u artz m onzonite w as intruded in Early J u ra s s ic tim e , •
190 m .y . a g o . Lower C re ta ce o u s rocks are e x tru siv e as o p posed to th e
U pper C reta ce o u s in tru siv e ro c k s . The g ran o d io rite w as intruded f ir s t,
follow ed by th e quartz d io rite and L ate C re ta ce o u s quartz m onzonite
58 + 2 m .y . a g o . The quartz m onzonite intruded th e quartz d io rite . An
e lo n g a te b re c c ia zone co n tain in g fragm ents of quartz m onzonite and g ran
o d io rite o c c u p ie s th e c en te r of th e m ine. L ater during T ertiary tim e , th e
H elm et F anglom erate w as d e p o s ite d . As show n by Rehrig and H eidrick
(1972), o rthogonal frac tu re s strik in g e a s t-n o rth e a s t and n o rth -n o rth w e st
are m in e ra liz e d . No m ajor fa u lts o ccu r in th e im m ediate v ic in ity of th e
m in e .
M ineral Park M ine (Arizona)
The M ineral Park m ine is lo c a te d on th e so u th w e ste rn flank of
th e C erbat M ountains in n o rth w estern Arizona (Fig. 2), 16 m iles north of
Kingm an. The Precam brian b asem en t is re p re se n te d by c h lo rite and
b io tite s c h i s t s , a m p h ib o lite s, g n e is s , and p e g m a tite s . T h ese ro ck s w ere
intru d ed by Laram ide in tru sio n s (Fig. 7 ). The Ith a c a P eak sto c k is com
p o se d of a sin g le body of zoned qu artz m on zo n ite. The z o n in g , from o u t
ward to inw ard, in c lu d e s a thin s h e ll of quartz d io rite , a q u artz m on-
m onzonite porphyry, a q u artz po rp h y ry , and a c re n u la te d quartz porphyry.
No m ajor fa u lt or b re c c ia is found in th e m ine. In te n s iv e su p erg en e

19
K vX w L -X w X vX x
r\ \ LLLLLLVLV L-l L^ •■*■c\**l
V lLu*.
l1lV l
-illlix X
______ LLLLLIL L L
Ool X ‘ qmp^X^sXV
% xxxxxp>
A xxxxxkx 1-
»■». <i ^ »* ^XXXX^>:
m s S m ‘ :x v :x x y ^ ‘
x x x x y X x x fu 1
v VL^n >
^ : i v .v ^ //
hrqm v1- yqmpX
" = xX" X A «O w^ t . _ ^ X x x v :^ > v
/ J ~/,^ > <^ = // <^1 w^ 11
-* \\* !* 5 ^ .-^ //» * ' = * - " l,~<t
*». // tt == W= \x,
v\
Qua t e r n a r y S i l v e r Bell (Demetrie)
Alluvium An d e s i t e
k
lK
£J Brecci a Pipe
v v T x x x x x Quartz Monzonite
sna
U4, J" * H */\
Biotite
Dl o r i t e
Quartz
-cXLqmp\kt\ „<hr,qmfess- Harri s Ranch Quartz

cXXXXXXX Porphyry ■■ // ^ M Monzonite
+ 4 -f 4
%+V9+%
Ruby S t a r v:4 rwt<;’'?■■>
•
:
L Oxframe Rhyol i t e
Granodiorite >. • »>*<■f\" Wel ded T u f f
0 1000 2000 FEET

1 _____ |______ I_____________ I
Figure 6. G e n e ra liz e d g e o lo g ic map of th e S ie rrita m in e ,

S a h u a rita , Arizona (1972 p it geology)
20
Quaternary Alluvium
Quart z Monzonite Porphyry

L':- cn
3
+ + + O
+ + Grani t e Porphyry — LU
4- -
4 4- O
<
I h-
Granulated Quartz Porphyry LU
A 1 o:
r^44 u u
p£gn Precambrian Gneiss
Figure 7 . G e n era liz ed g eo lo g ic map of the M ineral Park m in e ,

Kingman, A rizo n a. —After E id e l, F ro s t, and C lip p in g er (1968)
21
enrichm ent took p lac e before th e M iocene v o lc a n ic ro ck s th a t cover th e
flan k s of th e C erbat M ountains w ere e x tru d e d . According to Rehrig and
H eid rick (1972), n o rth -n o rth w e st-strik in g and e a s t-n o rth e a s t strik in g
fra c tu re s are m in e ralize d .
Santa Rita M ine (New M exico)
The S anta Rita mine is in so u th w e st New M exico about 12 m iles
e a s t of S ilver C ity and 150 m iles n orthw est of El P a s o , T exas (Fig. 2).
It is p art of th e C en tral m ining d is tr ic t. P aleo z o ic and M eso zo ic s e d i
m entary ro ck s (Fig. 8) are ex p o sed to th e so u th and n o rth w e st. Basin
and Range fau ltin g affected th e a re a . Precam brian ro ck s are thought to
be a b s e n t, ex cep t for a few q u e stio n a b le ex p o su res o u tsid e th e m ine
a re a . C re ta c e o u s quartz d io rite s ills and la c c o lith s intruding th is b a s e
m ent w ere follow ed by a n d e s ite and a n d e s ite b re c c ia . The S anta Rita
g ran o d io rite porphyry intruded th e quartz d io rite and e a rlie r sedim entary
ro c k s . The S anta Rita s to c k , 63 m . y . o ld , w as la te r cut by quartz m on-
zo n ite d ik es of n o rth -so u th tre n d . A b re c c ia o ccu rs in th e north part of
th e S anta Rita sto c k , and o th er b re c c ia s are known to o c cu r in th e v ic in
ity of th e m ine. F a u lts are abundant and commonly strik e n o rth e a s t. Im
p o rtan t su p erg en e enrichm ent re s u lte d from th e e ro sio n of th e upper
portion during th e re la tiv e ly calm period th a t preced ed th e eruption of
th e m iddle T ertiary v o lc a n ic s (Rose and B a lto ss e r, 1966).
Brenda M ine (British Columbia)
The Brenda a re a is in th e so u th e a s te rn p art of B ritish C o lu m b ia,
15 m iles n o rth w est of P each lan d (Fig. 9 ). The a re a is u n d e rla in by g ra
n itic ro ck s th a t c o n n ect th e O kanogan b a th o lith to th e south and th e

N
Alluvium and
Dump
} QUATERNARY
Br e c c i a
Gr anodl or i t e
Porphyry -TERTIARY
^ ^ I «•I •■I Q u a r t z Diorite
^"TOOp » *
•-r* . « ,T Porphyry
4 0 40
e 0 MPs , S e d i me n t a r y MESOZOIC-
9 0 0 0 Rocks > PALEOZOIC
o 3000 FEET
!_ ___ 1
Figure 8. G e n era liz ed g eo lo g ic map of the S anta Rita m in e ,

S anta R ita, New M e x ic o .—After Rose and B a lto sse r (1966)
Figure 9 . In d ex map show ing th e lo c a tio n of the Brenda m in e, P e a c h la n d ,
B ritish C olum bia
CO
CO
24
P en n ask b a th o lith to the n o rth , w hich belong to the O m ineca C ry sta llin e
province (Field et a l . , 1973). The Brenda s to c k , a zoned com posite
q u a rtz d io rite body, is th e co n n ectin g in tru siv e m a s s . To the w e s t, th e
a re a is co v ered by sedim entary rocks of the U pper T ria s s ic N ico la G roup.
The Brenda sto c k (Fig. 10) is elo n g ate in a northerly d ire c tio n and is
com p o sed , from w e st to e a s t , of a medium quartz d io rite , sp e c k le d and
uniform q u artz d io r ite s , and po rp h y ritic and fine q u artz d io rite s (C arr,
1967). F ra ctu re s strik e dom inantly n o rth e a ste rly ; in the mine p ro p er,
th ey strik e e a s t- n o r th e a s t. The sp e c k le d quartz d io rite is the only rock
type en co u n tered in the m in e . Aplite d ik es and v e in s , w hich c ro s s c u t
th e e a ste rn p art of the sp e c k le d qu artz d io rite , are o ld er th an the a lte r
a tio n and m in e ra liz a tio n (C arr, 1967). L ater work by mine g e o lo g ists
show s th a t the d ifferen t u n its d istin g u is h e d by C arr w ere b a re ly d iffe r
ent from one a n o th e r, ex cep t for the fine quartz d io rite (O saten k o ,
1972).
Thompson C reek D ep o sit (Idaho)
The Thompson C reek d e p o sit (Fig. 11) is lo c a te d 20 m iles
so u th w e st of C h a llis and 10 m iles n o rth w est o f C layton in the Bayhorse
q u a d ra n g le . The d e p o sit is in the C en tral Idaho T ungsten b e lt (Cook,
1956). The a rea is u n d e rla in by a th ic k se q u e n c e of P a le o z o ic form a
tio n s and for the m ost p art is o v e rla in by T ertiary v o lc a n ic ro ck s and
a s s o c ia te d sed im en tary ro c k s . To th e w e s t, it is intruded by th e Idaho
b a th o lith . The M illig en Form ation and C h a llis V olcanics of C arb o n ifer
ous and Eocene to O ligocene a g e , re s p e c tiv e ly , cover m ost of th e a re a
around Thompson C reek (Fig. 12). The m in e raliza tio n in the quad ran g le
25
SPECKLED QUARTZ D10RITE PORPHYRYTIC-

QUARTZ
DIORITE
MEDIUM«•
QUARTZ
DIORITE
WESTERN LIMIT OF
ABUNDANT APLITE
DIKING
PIT OUTLINE
1200 FEE T
Figure 10. G e n era liz ed g e o lo g ic and sam ple lo c a tio n map of

th e Brenda mine , P e a c h la n d , B ritish C o lu m b ia .—After C arr (1967)
CANADA
USA
CHALLIS
0 2 4 6 MIL.ES
CUSTER
(GHOST
TOWN)
BONANZA
(GHOST
l TOWN)
SUNBEAM
V
U.S. 9 3
CLAYTON
/SALMON
MONTANA
CHALLIS
CLAYTON
MACKAY
BOISE
KETCHUM
NEVADA UTAH
50 MILES
Figure 11. Index map show ing the lo c a tio n of the Thompson
C reek d e p o s it, C la y to n , Idaho
27
' / 2
'24 34
EXPLORATION
TUNNEL
Ch ol l i s Volconics
Gronodiorlte
Millig e n Fo r ma t i o n
O . 3000 F EET
» t I t I I I
Figure 12. G e n e ra liz e d g eo lo g ic and sam ple lo c a tio n map of

the Thompson C reek d e p o s it, C la y to n , Id a h o .— M odified from R oss (1937)
28
follow ed th e in tru sio n of th e Idaho b a th o lith (R oss, 1937). W ithin a few
m iles are se v e ra l le a d - s ilv e r - g o ld , c o p p e r-z in c , and molybdenum m ines
and old w o rk in g s, su g g e stin g a broad m ineral zoning sim ila r to th a t
found in o th er porphyry ore o c c u rre n c e s , lik e M ineral Park and Santa
R ita. The g ran o d io rite of Thompson C reek , d ated at 86 m . y . , is thought
to be a cupola or a s a te llite of th e Idaho b a th o lith , w hich in th is a re a is
d ated at 95 m .y . (M arvin et a l . , 1973).
M ethods of In v e stig a tio n
A to ta l of 329 sam p les w as c o lle c te d from th e 7 m ines and 1
p ro s p e c t, d istrib u te d a s follo w s: 41 from th e New C o rn elia a re a , 39
from th e M orenci d is tr ic t, 43 from th e Copper C itie s m ine, 48 from
S ie rrita , 46 from M ineral P ark, 40 from th e Santa Rita a re a , 39 from th e
Brenda m ine, and 34 from th e Thom pson C reek d e p o s it. In order to d e
term in e in te n s ity and e x te n s iv e n e s s of a lte ra tio n , larg e sam p les w eig h
ing an av erag e of 3 to 4 pounds w ere ta k e n . At each d e p o s it, a tte n tio n
w as p la c e d on tak in g sam ples through and a c ro ss th e known z o n in g ,
e x ce p t a t Brenda and Thompson C reek w here th e zoning is u ndefined or
unknow n. F resh rock sam p les w ere a ls o ta k e n , e x c e p t at M ineral P ark,
w here th ey are not a v a ila b le . W here p o s s ib le , sa m p le s w ere c o lle c te d
o u tsid e th e m ine lim its in th e o re -b e a rin g rock to show how fa r th e e ffe ct
o f th e m in eralizin g sy ste m could be f e lt. C are w as ta k e n to s ta y w ith in
th e m in eralized ro ck s and to lim it th e number of rock ty p e s to two in eac h
m ine so a s to h ave a m eaningful number of sa m p le s. The lo c a tio n s of
th e sam p les are show n on sam ple lo c a tio n m aps accom panying d is c u s
s io n s .
29
T reatm ent of Sam ples
Thin se c tio n s w ere m ade from each sa m p le . The o b je c t of th is
p rocedure w as to e v a lu a te th e m eg asco p ic e ffe c ts of m in eralized and u n
m in eralized v e in s on th e ro ck s and to determ ine th e p e rv a s iv e n e s s of
a lte ra tio n during th e m in e raliza tio n p ro c e ss in order to provide su p p o rt
ing e v id en ce for th e ch em ical tre a tm e n t. The th in s e c tio n s w ere sta in e d
w ith sodium c o b a ltin itrite to fa c ilita te d isc rim in atio n of K -fe ld sp ar and
p la g io c la s e . Sm all specim ens w ere kept for re fe re n c e and to m easure
th e sp e c ific g ra v ity . The rem ainder of th e sam ple w as se n t to Specomp
S e rv ice s In c . a t Steam boat S p rin g s, C o lo rad o , for a n a ly s e s . In th a t
la b o ra to ry , e ach sam ple w as ground to m inus 200 m e sh , th en hom oge

n ize d and s p lit into th ree p a rts : one for e m issio n sp e c to g ra p h ic a n a ly
s i s , one for atom ic a b so rp tio n a n a ly s is , and one for X -ray d iffra c tio n ,
lo s s on ig n itio n , and fluorine and ch lo rin e a n a ly s e s . E m ission s p e c -
trog rap h y w as done by Specomp S e rv ic e s , I n c . , and th e atom ic a b so rp
tio n a n a ly s e s w ere perform ed by Skyline L a b o ra to rie s, In c . a t W heat
R idge, C o lo rad o . Appendix A g iv e s th e sp e c ific a tio n s of th e in stru m e n ts
u s e d , a s w e ll a s th e in d ic a tio n s of a c c u ra c y and p re c is io n . The o th er
a n a ly s e s w ere m ade by me a t The U n iv e rsity o f A rizona.
A Jolly b a la n c e w as u se d to m easu re th e s p e c ific g rav ity on two

ro ck c h ip s from each s a m p le . Two m easurem ents w ere m ade and th e
arith m etic m ean of th e four m easu rem en ts w as ta k e n a s th e s p e c ific
g rav ity of th e sa m p le . The s p e c ific g ra v itie s are g iven in Appendix A
along w ith th e re s u lts of a n a l y s e s .
C hem ical a n a ly s e s w ere for m ajor and m inor e le m e n ts . S i, Al,
K, N a , C a , M g, and to ta l Fe w ere a n aly ze d by atom ic a b so rp tio n , T i,

30
M n, P , Au, Ag, C u, M o, P b , Zn, C d, W , N i, C o, C r, V, Zr, Ba, Be,
B, Bi, A s, 8 b , L a, N b, S c, and Y by em issio n sp e c tro g ra p h y , and Cl
and F by ion s e le c tiv e e le c tro d e m eth o d s. P , C d , Au, Ag, W , C o , B,
Bi, A s, 8 b , La, N b, S c , and Y w ere rare ly d e te c te d b e c a u s e of th e re s o
lu tio n lim its of th e W adsw orth m ounted Jarrell-A sh in stru m e n t. C u , M o,
Pb, and Zn w ere a ls o a n aly zed by atom ic ab so rp tio n for th e sam p les from
M o ren ci, B renda, and Thompson C re ek .
The com parison of e m issio n sp ectrography and atom ic a b so rp
tio n a n a ly s e s for K, N a , C a , M g, F e , and A1 from th e M ineral Park and
M orenci m ines w as made as fo llo w s. V alues of each elem ent an aly ze d
by e m issio n sp ectro g rap h y w ere p lo tte d a g a in s t th e v a lu e o b tain ed by
atom ic ab so rp tio n and th e re g re s s io n lin e — a le a s t sq u a re s fit e q u a tio n —
and c o rre la tio n c o e ffic ie n ts w ere c a lc u la te d . T hese t e s t s in d ic a te d th a t
for th e s e elem en ts th e two a n a ly tic a l m ethods gave re s u lts th a t are d i
re c tly proportional a t th e 99% le v e l o f co n fid en ce w ith th e ex ce p tio n
of A1 a n a ly s e s a t th e M ineral Park m ine th a t are below th e 95% le v e l of
c o n fid e n c e . The C u, P b, and Zn e m issio n sp ectro g rap h y a n a ly s e s m ade
by Bowse and A s s o c ia te s ' lab o rato ry and atom ic a b so rp tio n a n a ly s e s m ade
by th e lab o rato ry of th e Soci6t6 Peharroya at L argenti& re, F ra n c e , w ere
com pared for th e sam p les of th e M orenci m ine. Both a n a ly tic m ethods
g av e r e s u lts d ire c tly p roportional at th e 99% le v e l of c o n fid en ce (G.
R anchin, w ritte n com m un. , 1972). A sim ila r stu d y w as u n d ertak en for
th e sam p les from th e Thompson C reek d e p o sit and th e Brenda m ine for
C u , P b, Zn, and Mo em issio n sp ectro g rap h y a n a ly s e s m ade a t th e Bowse
and A s s o c ia te s ' lab o rato ry and atom ic a b so rp tio n a n a ly s e s m ade by th e
S kyline L a b o ra to rie s, In c . T able 3 show s th a t both m ethods y ie ld

31
Table 3 . C om parison of em issio n sp ectro g rap h y and atom ic a b so rp tio n

a n a ly se s for C u , Pb, Zn, Mo
S u b scrip t M , atom ic a b so rp tio n ; s u b s c rip t ES, em issio n sp e c to g ra p h y .
L e a st Square Fit L inear E q u a tio n s3 C o rrelatio n C o e ffic ie n ts , XlOQb
Thompson C reek d e p o sit (34 sam ples)
C ues = 0 .8 C uM - 2 C u M _ Cu£g: 82
Pb£S = 0 .8 5 PbM - 1 5 .4 P b M -P b £ g : 98
Zn£g = 0 .9 0 ZnM + 3 1 .8 Z n M -Z n £ s: 98
Mo£g = 0 .5 5 M o m + 41 .1 M ° m —M ° e s : 92
Brenda mine (39 sam ples)
C ues = 0 .6 1 C u m + 513 C u M -C u E g ; 66
Pb£g = 0 .3 7 PbM - 2 .3 P b M -P b £ g : 73
Zngg = 1 .2 0 ZnM + 4 8 .6 ZnM ~ ZnES: 93
Mo£g = 0 .8 5 M o m - 1 1 .5 M oM ~ M oES: 93
C om bination, Thompson C reek + Brenda mine (73 sam ples)
Cu£g = 0 .7 3 C uaa + 2 1 4 .5 C u M -C u £ g ; 74
Pb£g = 0 .8 1 PbM - 1 6 .2 P b M -P b E g : 97
Zn£s = 0 .9 1 ZnM + 4 1 .1 Z n M -Z n p g : 95
Mo£g = 0 .6 6 M o m + 8 .2 M o M 'M o E S 1 90
a. E quations are given for re s u lts of a n a ly s is in ppm .
b . G re a te r th an 99% le v e l of confidence for a ll c o rre la tio n c o e ffi

c ie n ts .
32
d ire c tly p roportional re s u lts at th e 99% le v e l of c o n fid e n c e . This com
p a riso n perm its the c o n c lu sio n th a t th e e m issio n sp e ctro g ra p h ic a n a ly
s e s w ere in th is c a s e as v a lu a b le a s th e atom ic a b so rp tio n a n a ly s e s .
L oss on ig n itio n w as e v a lu a te d from th e ground s a m p le s . The
sam p les w ere dried for 10 to 16 hours at 110°C to lib e ra te th e a d so rb ed
w a te r, th e n w eighed and ig n ited at 950°C to 975°C for 2 hours to d isp e l
w a ter in th e m icas; at th is tem p eratu re th e carbon d ioxide of c a rb o n a te s
should a ls o h ave been fre e d .
C l w as a n aly zed by th e m ethod d e sc rib e d by H aynes and C lark
(1972) com bined w ith th a t for F by Ingram (1970), u sin g 3 g of anhydrous
N a2 C C 3 flu x for 0 .2 5 g of sam ple in a n ic k e l c ru c ib le . D eterm inations of
th e U .S . G .S . stan d ard GSP1 m ade at d ifferen t tim es during th e a n a ly s e s
a re g iven in T able 4 . More d e ta ils are given in Appendix B.
T able 4 . Cl and F v a lu e s of th e U .S .G .S . sam ple GSP1
This Study H aynes and C lark (1972) Ingram (1970)
Cl F Cl F
(ppm) (ppm) (ppm) (ppm)
355 3602 339 3856

356 3850 311 3870
385 4010 365 3900
354 3695 342 3800
365 3700
363 a v e . 3789 a v e .
330 4000
a 312 4800
a 390 3800
3700
a. O btained by th e m ethod of H aynes and C lark (1972).

33
T reatm ent of D ata
Com puter program s w ere w ritten to extend th e u s e of th e chem
ic a l d a ta . The program s can be found in Appendix C and are d e sc rib e d in
d e ta il in th e follow ing p a g e s . They c o n s is t of (1) a program for th e nor
m alizatio n of ch em ical com ponents to 100 p e rc en t and c a lc u la tio n o f th e
C .I .P .W . norm ative m ineralogy and Thornton and T uttle (1960) d iffe re n
tia tio n in d ex , (2) a program for th e c a lc u la tio n of an a lte ra tio n norm ,
w hich in clu d es th e determ in atio n of th e d ifferen t ty p es of a lte ra tio n and
g a in s and lo s s e s due to a lte ra tio n , and (3) a program for th e c a lc u la tio n
of c o rre latio n c o e ffic ie n ts and lin e a r le a s t square fit e q u a tio n s . Each
s e t of sam ples w as p ro c e ss e d through th e s e p ro g ram s.
The firs t program is u se d to c h ec k th e v a lid ity of th e chem ical
d a ta and th e sam ple se p a ra tio n b etw een th e d ifferen t rock ty p e s . The
norm al com position of program 2 is th en com pared to m odal com position
and p rovides a sim pler and more a c c u ra te e v alu atio n of th e a lte ra tio n
e x te n s iv e n e s s . The c o rre la tio n c o e ffic ie n ts in program 3 s ta tis tic a lly
re la te a ll th e fa c to rs to th e ch em ical a n a ly s e s .
N o rm alization of th e D a ta . From th e firs t program , sam ple
a n a ly s e s th a t do not add up to 100 + 5 p e rc e n t are d isc a rd e d on th e
b a s is of th e a n a ly tic a l error d e sc rib e d in A ppendix A. Sam ples for w hich
each d ifferen t oxide d ep art from th e m ain trend are c h eck ed p e tro g ra p h -
ic a lly and g e o lo g ic a lly befo re being re ta in e d or d isc a rd e d a s m em bers of

th e m ain rock t y p e s .
C a lc u la tio n of D ifferent N orm s. The C .I .P .W . norm w as c a l
c u la te d u sin g th e method d e sc rib e d by Barth (1962), w hich im p lies th e
form ation of c a tio n s , th u s g re a tly sim plifying th e c a lc u la tio n s . The

34
r e s u lts are therefore g iven in c a tio n p e rc e n t. The d iffe re n tia tio n index
w as c a lc u la te d acco rd in g to Thornton and T u ttle 's (1960) m ethod a s the
sum of the norm ative q u artz + a lb ite + o rth o c la se and p lo tte d v e rs u s the
d ifferen t o x id e s . T h u s, th e m ain purpose of c a lc u la tin g the norm w as to
e v a lu a te the d iffe re n tia tio n in d e x .
In the a lte ra tio n norm , the c a lc u la tio n of bio tit e , m u sc o v ite ,
k a o lin ite , and a c tin o lite w as added to th a t of q u a rtz , K -fe ld sp ar, a lb ite ,
a n o rth ite , h y p e rsth e n e , corundum sp h e n e , and ru tile in a m ethod sim i
lar to th a t d e sc rib e d by Barth (1962), w hich in c lu d e s th e form ation of
c a tio n s . C a lc ite , p y rite , c h a lc o p y rite , c h a lc o c ite , b o rn ite , a lu n ite ,
h e m a tite , and m agnetite w ere in tro d u ced in the norm as e v a lu a te d from
th e th in s e c tio n o b s e rv a tio n s . The c a lc u la tio n s inclu d ed the su b tra c tio n
from the lo s s on ignition of GOg and SO2 a ttrib u te d to c a lc ite , and a lu
n ite , re s p e c tiv e ly , and a sc rib e d th e ream ining p e rc e n ta g e to w a te r .
This v a lu e w as show n la te r to be too large b e c a u s e of the lo s s of SOg
from th e s u lfid e s . It w as e n v isio n e d to s u b tra c t the SOg from the lo s s on
ig n itio n , but it w as im p o ssib le to e v a lu a te how much of th a t SOg w as to
be rem oved b e c a u se not a ll of the su lfid e s b u rn e d . The am ount of Fe+^
in m odal hem atite and m agnetite w as su b tra c te d from th e to ta l iron and
th e r e s t a ttrib u te d to F e + 2 , and the am ount of su lfu r w as e stim a te d from
o c c u rre n c e s of p y rite , c h a lc o p y rite , c h a lc o c ite , and b o rn ite .
From the a lte ra tio n norm , the p e rv a s iv e n e s s of a lte ra tio n w as
c a lc u la te d from the m in erals p erta in in g to each type of a lte ra tio n a s d e
fined by Lowell and G uilbert (1970) and a d ap ted to com putation in th e
follow ing m anner. P o ta s s ic a lte ra tio n w as c h a ra c te riz e d by seco n d a ry
o rth o c la se and b io tite , c h a lc o p y rite , m olybdenite, and m a g n e tite .

35
P h y llic a lte ra tio n w as e v a lu a te d through m u sc o v ite , p y r ite , and in tro
duced q u a rtz . A rgillic a lte ra tio n w as c h a ra c te riz e d by k a o lin ite . P ropy-
litiz a tio n w as not e v a lu a te d , sin c e none of th e c h a ra c te ris tic m inerals
w ere b u ilt into the norm . Q uartz is produced in a ll a lte ra tio n a s s e m
b la g e s but m ost im portantly in p h y llic a lte ra tio n , th e m ain re a so n for
th e above sim p lific a tio n .
The a lte ra tio n m in erals o rth o c la s e , b io tite , and q u artz w ere
e v a lu a te d by com paring each s a m p le 's norm ative com position to th a t of
its fre s h -ro c k e q u iv a le n t, any e x c e s s being reckoned a s having b een
in tro d u c e d . This sim p lifica tio n seem ed to be re a so n a b le w hen norm al
izin g th e a lte ra tio n . The e x te n s iv e n e s s of each a lte ra tio n w as com puted
a s th e ra tio of th e sum in c a tio n p e rc e n t of a lte ra tio n m in erals to th e
c a tio n p e rc en t sum of a lte ra b le prim ary p h a s e s tim e s 100. This ratio is
a num ber w ithout d im e n sio n . The a lte ra tio n m inerals of p o ta s s ic a lte r a
tio n are c h a lc o p y rite , m o ly b d en ite, m a g n e tite , seco n d ary o rth o c la s e ,
and seco n d ary b io tite c a lc u la te d from th e e x c e s s over th e fre s h -ro c k
e q u iv a le n t. The a lte ra b le prim ary m in erals are p la g io c la s e , o rth o c la s e ,
am p h ib o le, b io tite , and h y p e rs th e n e . The sum of th e s e m ineral i s , in
f a c t, eq u iv a le n t to 100 c a tio n p e rc e n t m inus th e c a tio n p e rc e n t of q uartz
from th e fresh ro c k . The re a so n for th is d isc rim in ato r is th a t quartz is
c o n sid ere d a n o n -a lte ra b le m ineral in each of th e a lte ra tio n a s s e m b la g e s .
T h u s, th e e x te n s iv e n e s s of th e a lte ra tio n is d e p en d en t on th e am ount of
q u artz in th e rock before a lte ra tio n . The a lte ra tio n m inerals of p h y llic
a lte ra tio n are m u sc o v ite, p y rite , and introduced q u artz c a lc u la te d from
th e e x c e s s over th e fre s h -ro c k e q u iv a le n t. The a lte ra b le prim ary m in
e ra ls are th e sam e as for p o ta s s ic a lte ra tio n . In a rg illic a lte ra tio n , th e

36
prim ary a lte ra b le p h a s e s do not inclu d e o rth o c la s e ; th e d iv is io n w as s e t
eq u al to 100 catio n p e rc en t m inus the catio n p e rc e n t sum of o rth o c la s e
and q u artz from fresh ro c k s . The e x te n siv n e s s (EX) o f a lte ra tio n is
th ere fo re e x p re sse d a s:
E X (potassic a ltera tio n ) = Iiry (ortho + biot) + cpv + mo + mag) x 100

100 - q tz of fresh rock
EX(phyllic a ltera tio n ) = ----- mus + py -f- Hry . qtz-----x 100

100 - q tz of fresh rock
EX (argillic altera tio n ) __________ k a o lin ite ____________ x 100.

100 - (qtz + ortho of fresh rock)
C a lc u la tio n of C o rrelatio n C o e ffic ie n ts . The e q u atio n s by th e
le a s t sq u are fit m ethod of a stra ig h t lin e joining re p re s e n ta tiv e p o in ts on
- o rthogonal ax es w ere c a lc u la te d f i r s t , and then th e c o rre la tio n c o e ffi
c ie n ts w ere d e riv e d . The c o rre la tio n c o e ffic ie n ts in clu d e a fre s h n e s s
fa c to r (later referred to a s FF = 100% - to ta l a lte ra tio n ), p o ta s s ic , p h y l
l ic , and a rg illic a lte ra tio n e x te n s iv e n e s s , and th e m ajor and m inor e le
m e n ts. T hese c o e ffic ie n ts w ere c a lc u la te d for th e sam p les of each rock
ty p e of each m ine and for a ll sam p les in order to bring to lig h t th e p o s
s ib le ch em ical v a ria tio n s due to each rock ty p e and e a c h p a rtic u la r s y s
tem and to sum m arize them . The c ritic a l v a lu e s of th e c o rre la tio n
c o e ffic ie n ts w ere ta k e n from C row , D a v is , and M a x fie ld 's (1960)
T able 7, p . 241.
O ther program s in clu d ed th e e v alu atio n of th e a rith m e tic m ean
and sta n d ard d e v ia tio n for e ac h elem ent of a ll th e sa m p le s and of th e

37
corresp o n ding fre sh ro ck s from each m ine and rock ty p e . T hese c a lc u la
tio n s allow ed com parison w ith p u b lish ed ab u n d an ces of sim ila r rock
ty p e s .
C om parison of M odal and Norm al

M in eralo qic C om positions
The com parison b etw een norm and mode w ill be c o n sid e re d here
and b riefly refined la te r o n . A side from v a ria b le co m p o sitio n , th e m ain
d iffe re n c e s stem from th e lim ited num ber of m inerals th a t could be b u ilt
into th e norm c a lc u la tio n s . G e n e ra lly , more b io tite o ccu rs in th e norm ,
sin c e no c h lo rite is com puted. The noncom putation of m ontm orillonite
and ep id o te in th e norm fo rce s reporting of more norm ative p la g io c la s e
th an a c tu a lly o c c u r s , and v a ria tio n s in th e amount of c a lc ite throughout
th e ro ck could be re s p o n sib le for som e of th e v a ria tio n in th e amount of
a n o rth ite re p o rte d . At th e C opper C itie s ore d e p o s it, th is d isto rtio n is
ap p aren t in th e d ifferen t am ounts of p la g io c la s e in th e mode (Table 5)
a s com pared to th o s e of th e norm (Table 6), a s show n in C C 2, C C 4,
C C S, C C 7, a n d C C 2 3 . If th e y are not hom ogeneously d is tr ib u te d , q u artz
or s e ric ite or K -feld sp ar v e in s and o rth o c la se p h e n o c ry sts can in c re a s e
th e amount of m odal quartz or s e ric ite or K -fe ld sp a r, a s in sam p les C C 1,
C C 16, C C 2 2 , C C 28, C C 32, C C 35, C C 37, and C C 38. Too larg e an
amount of w ater from th e lo s s on ig n itio n g iv e s more s e ric ite in th e norm
a t th e p o s s ib le e x p en se of k a o lin ite and K -fe ld sp a r. T herefore, more im
p o rtan c e is a ttrib u te d to p h y llic a lte ra tio n than to th e o th er a lte ra tio n
ty p e s . If th e ro ck s a re h ig h ly a lte re d , a s at M o ren ci, M ineral P ark , and
S anta R ita, the fit b etw een norm ative and m odal com position is v ery
good; in th e o th e r c a s e s , it is only g o o d . As a g re a t a d v a n ta g e , th e
T able 5 C om position of g ran ite porphyry from the C opper C itie s mine
no QTZ ORTHO FLAG D ior ACT SER MONT K AOL CHL CAL EPI LEUC MAG HEM AP PY SPH
CC 1 25.00 40.00 3.00 15.00 0.00 12.00 3.00 0.00 0.00 ,00 .00 .50 .00 • 00 . 00 .75 .50
CC 2 12.00 43.00 7.00 15.00 0.00 3.50 6.00 0.00 3.00 2,50 .00 1.50 . 00 .00 1.50 1.00 .00
CC 3 20.51 7.00 .50 .53 •0.00 2 0 .0C . 0.00 0.0 0 0.00 .00 .00 .50 .00 3.00 . CO 1 . 0 0 . 0 0
CC 4 18.00 55.50 7.00 8.00 0.00 5.50 2.50 0.00 0.00 .00 .00 .50 . 03 .00 .00 1.00 .00
CC 5 31.00 25.50 1 . 00 6.00 0.00 35.00 1.50 0.00 0.00 .00 .00 .00 • .0 0 . 00 . 00 6 . 0 3 • 0 0
CC 6 25.00 30.00 17.00 15.00 0.00 10.00 3.00 0.00 0.00 .00 ♦ 00 .50 . 00 .03 .00 .50 .00
C C 25 15.00 36.00 17.00 10.00 0.00 8.00 3.00 1.00 3.00 2.00 .00 .00 • .00 .00 . 0 0 2 . 0 3 . 00
CC26 25.00 35.00 5.00 15.00 0.00 2.50 10.00 0.00 2.00 3.00 .00 .50 .00 .00 • .00 .75 .00
C C 27 1 0 . 00 50.00 3.50 8.50 ,0.00 18.00 3.50 0.00 0.00. 3.00 .00 .00 . 00 . 00 .50 2.00 .00
C C 2'3 2 5 . 00 35.00 0.00 1.00 0.00 23.00 3.00 C . 00 2.00 4.00 .50 .50 . 00 . 00 .00 2.50 .00
C C 29 3 0 . 00 40.00 0.0 0 4.00 0.00 10.00 6.00 0.00 2.00 .00 .50 .00 .00 1.00 ' . 00 3 . 0 0 . 0 0
C C 30 1 2 . 00 55.00 0.00 12.00 0.00 3.00 2.00 0.00 1.00 2.50 .00 . 0 0 1 . 50 . 00 1 . CO .50 .50
C C 31 35.00 32.00 8.00 4.00 0.00 5.00 3.00 0 . 00 0.00 2.00 .00 • 00 ' . 00 .03 .00 1.00 .00
C C 32 15.00 65.00 O .CO 10.00 0.00 4.00 4.00 0.00 0 . 00 1.50 .00 .00 • 00 • • 00 . 00 1 . 5 0 • 0 0
C C 33 7.00 60.00 •0.00 10.00 0.00 8.00 7.00 0.00 .50 3.00 .00 .00 00 .00 .00 3 .5 0 .0 0
C C 34 1 5 . 00 50.00 15.00 5.50 0.00 5.00 6.00 2.00 1.00 .00 .50 .00 .00 .00 . 00 1 . 5 3 . 0 0
C C 35 40.00 10.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 40.00 0.00 - 0.00 -0.00 . 00 .00 4.00 v . 00 .00 .00 4.00 .00
C C 36 2 0 . 00 34.00 10.00 8.00 0.00 0.00 5.00 0.00 0.00 . 00 .00 .00 .00 .00 %00 2 . 5 3 . 0 0
C C 37 8.00 70.00 8.00 6.00 0.00 2.00 4.50 1.50 0.00 .00 .00 .50 ..00 1.50 ,.00 ,00 .00
CC3 S 38.00 6.00 0.00 7.00 0.00 40.00 4.50 0.00 0.00 .00 .00 • 00 .00 5.00 .00 .00 .0 0
CC39 30.00 19.00 28.00 8.00 0.00 4.50 3.50 1.50 0.00 .00 .00 . 0 0 2 . 00 . 00 . 00 .03 .00
CC40 28.00 24.00 28.00 9.00 0.00 4.00 6.00 0.03 0.00 .00 .00 .00 • 00 2.00 .00 .03 .00
C C 41 35.00 35.00 22.00 2.59 0.00 4.00 2.00 0.00 0.00 .00 .00 .00 .00 2.00 '.00 .00 .00
CC4 2 28.00 26.00 30.00 4.00 0.00 4.00 3.00 3.00 0.00 .00 • 50 .00 1.50 1.00 .50 .00 .0 0
.00 .00
o
o
CC43 48.00 20.00 15.00 4.00 • 0.00 6.00 2.00 0.00 0.00 .00 2.00 . 50 1.00 .00
CO
CO
Table 6 . A lteratio n norm of g ran ite porphyry: from the C opper C itie s mine
NO QTZ ORTHO A LB I ANORT BIOT MUSC PY CPY MAG ACT HYP SPH RUT HEM KAOL COR CAL
CC 1 4 1 . 3 5 15.66 5.76 0.00 14.63 19.57 1.38 1.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 .41 .21 0.00 0.00 3.00 O.CO
CC 2 3 3 . 4 5 25.16 15.59 2.20 7.03 13.15 1.84 .69 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 .23 C.00 3.00 0.00 .66
CC 3 4 3 . 3 7 18.13 6.95 0.00 1.53 24.36 1.84 .17 1.56 0.00 0 . 00 .21 .16 1.71 0.00 0.00 0.00
CC 4 3 6 . 3 6 26.61 13.11 0.00 4.24 15.13 1.83 2.07 0.00 0 . 00 0.00 .47 .19 0.00 0.00 0 . GO 0.00
CC 5 5 0 . 4 5 21.66 4.31 0.00 3.04 16.60 1.90 1.73 0.00 0.00 0.00 .13 .19 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
CC 6 3 5 . 72 24.77 22.55 0.00 6.64 8.47 .91 .34 0.00 0.00 0.00 .57 .04 O.CO 0.00 0.00 O.CO
C C 25 3 4 . 2 5 26.88 12.43 3.07 9.85 11.17 .00 1.80 0.00 0 . 00 0.00 0.00 .36 0.00 0.00 . 19 O.CO
CC2S 3 3 .7 4 30.81 10.10 2.51 . 5.87 12.28 1.42 2.49 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 .35 0.00 0.00 0.00 .41
c c z r 41.58 27.09 7.56 4.05 4.56 6.14 2.49 3.58 0 . 00 0.00 0.00 0.00 .47 0.00 0.00 2.47 0.00
C C 20 38.47 33.57 14.17 5.54 2.03 0.00 2.44 1.49 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 .25 0.00 0.00 2 . 04 0.00
C C 29 45.88 18.16 5.36 0.00 3.33 21.02 2.80 2.47 0.00 0.00 0.00 .38 . 22 . 38 0.00 0.00 0.00
C C 30 31.21 31.82 21.65 7.31 3.00 0.00 .98 .55 1.82 0.00 0.00 0.00 .37 .30 0.00 .99 0 . 00
C C 31 37.15 20.43 15.51 0.00 4 . 31 17.42 1.83 1.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 .00 .34 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.97
C C 32 39.75 2 1 . 15 8.35 0.00 4.11 21.33 2.75 1.38 0.00 0.00 0.00 .00 .34 0.00 0.00 0.00 .85
CC33 37.50 17.94 9.99 0.00 4 . 58 21.37 . 5 . Cl 1.72 0.00 0.00 0.00 • 00 .34 0.00 0 . 00 0.00 1.36
CC34 38.32 19.15 13.21 1.51 7.72 15.77 2.76 .52 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.04 0.00 0.00 0.0 0 0.00 0.00
C C 35 4 0 . 13 20.87 9.08 0.00 2.66 20.24 4.51 1.75 0.00 0.00 0.00 .62 .14 0 . 00 0 . 00 0.00 0.00
C C 36 42.65 20.79 9.86 0.00 3.29 18.14 3.81 .70 0.00 0.00 0.00 .29 .48 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
C C 37 38.05 19.21 15.82 0.00 2.26 18.77 .23 2.82 0.00 0.00 0.00 .63 .26 1.97 0.00 0.00 0.00
C C 38 44.57 14.59 14.57 0.00 1.55 21.17 • 00 .02 .02 0.00 0.00 .58 .15 2.77 0 . 00 0.00 0.00
C C 39 47.04 7.12 18.39 1.97 5.77 15.72 .00 . 02 2.92 0.00 0. 00 1.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 O.CO
C C 40 40.96 15.16 26.95 1.73 1.27 11.75 • 00 .02 .01 0.00 0.00 .35 0.00 1.80 0.00 0.00 0.00
C C 41 34.71 24.08 24.15 1.52 2.66 9.20 .00 • 02 1.64 0.00 0.00 1.34 0.00 • 99 0.00 0.00 0.00
CC42 34.91 28.86 23.50 5.03 2.17 2.39 .00 .01 1.10 0.00 0.00 1.07 0.30 .97 0 . 00 0.00 0.00
CC43 33.83 26.31 24.53 1.69 2.50 7.51 .00 .01 2.00 0.00 0.00 1.06 0.00 .56 0.00 0.00 0.00
CO
CD
40
norm sta n d a rd iz e s th e a lte ra tio n m ineralogy and e x te n s iv e n e s s and b y
p a s s e s the lo n g , m e tic u lo u s, and te d io u s study of th e se v e ra l th in s e c
tio n s p er sam ple th a t are n e c e s s a ry to give an a d eq u ate q u a n tita tiv e
id ea of th e rock c o m p o sitio n .
As th e hom ogeneity of th e rock is th e p rin c ip a l assu m p tio n of
m odal a n a ly s is , a th in s e c tio n is assu m e d to re p re se n t th e w hole 3 -
pound s a m p le . But to anyone fam iliar w ith th e petrography of porphyry
ore ty p e d e p o s its , th is is not q u ite r e a l is ti c . As p o in ted out by C h ay es
(1956), th e g ranulom etric e ffe c t w hich c h a ra c te riz e s th e hom ogeneity of
a rock can be m easured w ith th e I . C . num ber, the num ber of m ajor
m ineral id e n tity ch an g es along a u n it length of th e l i n e . On th e o th er
h a n d , even though C hayes g av e a good exam ple of th e u s e of m odal
a n a ly s is for reducing g ranulom etric e ffe c t, de la Roche (1964) s ta te d
th a t it w as im p o ssib le to a c c e p t th e above h y p o th e sis for two common
c a s e s th a t w ere stu d ied a t th e C entre de R echerches P S trographiques et
G 6ochim iques of N an cy , F ra n c e . In h is s tu d y , th e I . C . num ber for 24
th in s e c tio n s tak e n in th re e p e rp e n d ic u la r d ire c tio n s w as 38, and th e
v a ria tio n s in th e amount of quartz in th e stu d ie d g ran ite for an av erag e
o f 8 th in s e c tio n s per d ire c tio n ranged from 1 7 .0 to 2 2 .3 p e rc e n t. For
12 random ly o rien ted th in s e c tio n s on a n o th er g ra n ite w ith an I . C . num
ber of 27, th e v a ria tio n w as from 1 1 .6 to 4 2 .2 p e rc e n t w ith an av erag e
of 35 p e rc e n t. V ariations for o th er m in erals w ere of th e sam e order of
m ag n itu d e . For g ra n ite s h aving I . C . num bers of 38 and 27, in order to
keep th e a n a ly tic a l error below 2 .5 p e rc e n t, tw o to th re e th in se c tio n s,
should su ffic e (C h a y es, 1956, T able 13), but th e prev io u s ex am p les do
not support t h i s . C h ay es (1956, p . 59) sa id of th e a n a ly tic a l error th a t

41
is a tta c h e d to th e com position of a specim en from w hich th e th in se c tio n
h a s b een cu t:
No such m odel can be c o n stru c te d for th e a n a ly tic a l e ro r. We

s h a ll h ave to c o n te n t o u rs e lv e s w ith a rath er vague d e sc rip tio n
o f th e fac to rs co n tro llin g th e s iz e of th e a n a ly tic a l error; e s t i
m ation of its s iz e in any p a rtic u la r kind of rock is a m atter for
e x p e rim e n t. As th e n e c e s s a ry minimum of ex p erim en tatio n h a s
b een carried through on only one kind of ro c k , both th e arg u
ment and th e num erical c o n c lu sio n s in the su c c e e d in g p a g es of
th is book are of le s s g e n eral import than th o se a lre a d y d i s
cu ssed .
M odal a n a ly s is of a rock w ith 5 to 10 th in s e c t i o n s , depending
on th e I . C . num ber, h a s to be carried on a specim en of 100 to 150 mm3
(corresponding to about 0 .3 g) cu t in random d ir e c tio n s , if such e x is t in
a h e te ro g en e o u s sa m p le . On th e o th e r h a n d , th e ch em ical a n a ly s is h a s
to be m ade on a frac tio n of a 3 - to 4-pound sam ple a fte r it h a s b een
ground and h o m ogenized. No one w ould dare to defend th a t a ch em ical
a n a ly s is of a 100-mm3 specim en cu t random ly could g iv e th e av erag e
co m p o sition of th e sam ple w ith in th e a n a ly tic a l e rro r. In th e a b se n c e of
a p rev io u s stu d y of th e hom ogeneity of th e ro c k , one h a s to be c arefu l
in u sin g m odal a n a ly s is . M ore im portance w ill th e re fo re b e g iv en to
norm al co m position th an to m odal c o m p o sitio n .

PETROGRAPHY AND MINERALOGY
S eparation of rock ty p e sam p les into in d iv id u al nam ed groups is
m ade by com paring the o x id es w ith th e d iffe re n tia tio n index and th e g e o
lo g ic map w ith th e p etro g rap h y . The rock nam es are given to th e fre s h e s t
ro ck s according to th e c la s s ific a tio n of T ravis (1955) and N ockolds
(1954).
The o u tlin e of th e follow ing c h a p te rs is d ic ta te d by p etro g rap h ic
d iffe re n c e s inh eren t in each rock ty p e . The c h a p te rs w ill th ere fo re be
h ead ed c o n sid erin g th e se q u e n c e g ra n ite -q u a rtz m o n z o n ite -g ra n o d io rite -
q u a rtz d io rite . Under each ro ck ty p e , each d e p o sit w ill be p re se n te d in
th e sam e o rd er, bearing in mind th e q u e stio n of th e e x is te n c e o f a c o n
tinuum b etw een porphyry copper and molybdenum ore d e p o s i ts . The
c o p p e r-ric h d e p o sits are p re s e n te d firs t and are follow ed by th e p ro g re s
s iv e ly more molybdenum rich o n e s , according to th e C uS-(CuS + M0S2)
ra tio s (Fig. 1 and T able 2), a s th e s e d e c re a s e from one d e p o sit to th e
n e x t. T h is.o rd er a p p lie s d ire c tly to p e tro g rap h y . For th e g e o c h e m istry ,
groups of elem ents c o n s titu te th e m ajor h eading and rock ty p e s th e su b
h e a d in g . U nder each su b h e ad in g , elem ent b e h av io r w ill be tre a te d from
one d e p o sit to th e n ext in th e aforem entioned o rd e r.
G ranite Porphyry
The g ra n ite porphyry a t C opper C itie s d e sc rib e d h e re c o rre s
ponds to th e quartz m onzonite porphyry of P e te rso n (1954) and h is g ra n ite
porphyry is th e qu artz m onzonite of th is stu d y . The ch an g e in nam es w as
42
43
n e c e s s a ry in view of m in eralo g ical and ch em ical co m p o sitio n s th a t in d i
c a te th a t o rth o c la se commonly m akes up more th an 60 p e rc en t of th e
fe ld sp a rs in P e te rs o n 's q u artz m onzonite and le s s th an 60 p e rc e n t in h is
g r a n ite .
P eterso n reco g n ized two d ifferen t rock ty p e s (F ig. 5) w hich
w ere in d iv id u a lize d in th is re s e a rc h by com paring o xide and d iffe re n tia
tio n diagram s a s w ell as petrography and sam ple lo c a tio n s (Fig. 13).
S im ilarly , th e d iffe re n tia tio n in d ic e s of th e other m ines h e lp ed to c h eck
th e hom ogeneity of th e id e n tifie d rock t y p e s . One exam ple of th e u s e of
d iffe re n tia tio n in d ic e s w ill be fully tre a te d for th e C opper C itie s ore d e
p o s it. For th e o th er m in e s, d iffe re n tia tio n in d ic e s and o xide c a tio n p e r
c e n ta g e s are in th e ta b le of Appendix D w ith th e in d iv id u al C .I .P .W .
norms from w hich th e d iffe re n tia tio n in d ic e s w ere d e riv e d .
Sam ples of q u artz m onzonite from th e C opper C itie s m ine p ro
g re s s iv e ly in d iv id u a liz e th e m se lv e s by forming a som ew hat d ifferen t
c lu s te r of re p re s e n ta tiv e p o in ts in th e diagram s of th e d iffe re n tia tio n
index v e rsu s c a tio n p e rc en ta g e of SiOg (Fig. 14), AlgOg (Fig. 15), KgO
(Fig. 16), CaO (Fig. 17), MgO F ig . 18), N a2C (Fig. 19), and to ta l iron
a s FeO (Fig. 20). The g ra n ite porphyry h a s h ig h er s ilic a and p o tassiu m
and low er sodium , c a lc iu m , and aluminum c o n te n ts th an th e quartz mon

zo n ite and som ew hat h ig h er Mg and Fe c o n te n ts .
The g ra n ite porphyry c o n ta in s larg e su b h ed ral p h e n o c ry sts of
p a le -re d o rth o c la s e and quartz in a c o a rs e -g ra in e d groundm ass of a n -
h ed ral q u artz and o rth o c la s e , eu h ed ral o lig o c la s e , and su b h ed ral b io tite .
The o rth o c la s e p h e n o cry sts are often p e rth itic and from p la c e to p la c e
show g rap h ic te x tu re w ith q u artz; m yrm ekites are ra re . The tra c e

y v PIT OUTLINE
4 4 4
4 4 4 5 46
4
\
x7mm
/
^ 4 oy
4 4 3 6 +
4 4 4
4 4 / 4 4
4 4
+°37% + 4 4 4 -r
4 4 4 4 4
4 4 4 4 4
4 4 4 4 q
4 4 4 4 -r 4 4 4 42 4
4 «38 4 44 0 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
4 4° 4 4 °4 4 4 4 4 4 4
4 4 4 4 *
+Y%+ 4 4
4
4
4
4
4
4 4
800 1600 FEET

I __I
Figure 13. L ocation of the sam p le s from the C opper C itie s

m ine, M iam i, Arizona
45
30,17,19
0 32 23
18/4-
O 60
6 = g ran ite porphyry

+ = q u artz m onzonite
Figure 14. D iffere n tia tio n index v s . SiC>2 diagram from the
sam p les of th e C opper C itie s m in e , M iam i, Arizona
29 36
o = g ran ite porphyry
4 1 ,4 2 + = q u artz m onzonite
Figure 15. D iffere n tia tio n index v s . AI2O3 diagram from the
sam p le s of the C opper C itie s m in e , M iam i, Arizona
46
o 26
8
28
O
33 Ol
O
4 3 O 10,41,42
I8*t ♦
o 12121+
CXJ I34-+Î4
2 0 --------------- + + 3 9

7 ,8 ,1 7 + = q u artz m onzonite
J ___________
100 90 70 DI
Figure 16. D iffere n tia tio n index v s . K20 diagram from the
sam p les of the Copper C itie s m in e, M iam i, A rizona
21—
5 »17 2 0 ,2 3
10,16 + +
,+ -HI
7, 12, 13, 19,21
30^^
3 4
o2-27
026
025
o52 o = g ran ite porphyry
4,33 o57 o55
+ = q u a rtz m onzonite
28° °36 ° 2 o'
0 1—
100 70 DI
Figure 17. D iffere n tia tio n in d ex v s . CaO diagram from the

sam p les of the C opper C itie s m in e, M iam i, Arizona
47
O+''•+ 031 o32

28 0 + +
4 8 /3
03 15
1 0 ,1 6 ,4 1 ^ o = g ran ite porphyry
8,12,13 17,19,21
+ = qu artz m onzonite
Figure 18. D iffere n tia tio n index v s . MgO diagram from the
sam p les of the C opper C itie s m in e, M iam i, A rizona
7 1— 7+ +23
® |2 I + + 9
I0,I6+ ^2,13,17 + (5
18.434, 4i + 2 2 , 2 4

e ,/. ^ + = q u a rtz m onzonite
O
CM 2,3o O37
o 038
Z
° 4 ,2 5 034
26 36
O 32
033
O
270
°23
oi
J ________________ I________________ I___________

O1—
100 90 80 70 DI
Figure 19. D iffere n tia tio n index v s . N azO diagram from the
sam p les of the C opper C itie s m ine, M iam i, A rizona
48
36 32
FeO
2 3 ,2 6
5'+ +

+ = q u artz m onzonite
Figure 20. D iffere n tia tio n index v s . FeO (to tal iron) from the
sam p les of the C opper C itie s m in e, M iam i, Arizona
49
m in erals z irc o n , a p a tite , and sp h en e are sc a rc e to a b s e n t. M ost of th e
b io tite o ccurring in v e in le ts is seco n d ary and p a rtia lly to co m p letely r e
p la c e d by c h lo rite along c le a v a g e . M uscovite o ccu rs as th e v a rie ty
s e r ic ite re p la c in g p la g io c la s e . Com m only, along q u a rtz -p y rite v e in s ,
it c an c o n s titu te a s much as 40 p e rc e n t of th e ro c k . M ontm orillonite
re p la c in g p la g io c la s e is rare to a b s e n t. Secondary o rth o c la s e f ills h a ir
lin e v e in le ts w ith or w ithout being accom panied by b io tite . The maximum
o rth o c la s e p lu s b io tite c o n ten t is about 25 p e rc e n t. Pyrite is far more
abundant th an c h a lc o p y rite , although n e ith e r o f them abound a t 1 to 3
p e rc e n t p y rite . M olybdenite a p p e a rs , but in no sig n ific a n t q u a n tity .
The m in e ra liz a tio n is re la te d alm o st e x c lu siv e ly to v e in s and v e i n l e t s .
C a lc ite v e in in g , th e s o le o c cu rren c e of c a lc ite , p o s td a te s th e m in e ral
iz a tio n and a lte ra tio n . O ther a lte ra tio n m in erals of le s s e r im portance
a re k a o lin ite , e p id o te , and h e m a tite .
The m odal c o m p o sitio n s of th e sam p les are g iv en in T able 5,
th e norm al c o m p o sitio n s in T able 6 . T heir id e n tific a tio n num bers c o r
resp o n d to th o s e g iven on th e lo c a tio n map (Fig. 13). One c a n s e e th a t
a lte ra tio n in th e g ra n ite porphyry is g e n e ra lly w eak to m o d era te . P o ta s -
s ic a lte ra tio n a tta in s a maximum o f 18 p e rc e n t but is commonly below 9
p e rc e n t, w ith an av erag e of 4% and a sta n d ard d e v ia tio n of 4%. P h y llic
a lte ra tio n is m oderate to strong w ith a maximum of 57 p e rc e n t, th e o v e r
a ll a v erag e being only 33%, w ith a sta n d ard d e v ia tio n of 15 p e rc e n t.
There is no a rg illic a lte ra tio n (Table 7 and F ig . 21). •

Table 7 . Summary of a lte ra tio n of g ran ite porphyry from the C opper
C itie s mine
NO POT PHYL ARGIL TOTAL ALTERATION
CC30 .80 1.42 0.00 2.23
CC 1 18.43 45.19 0.00 63.62
CC 2 6.87 25.04 0.00 31.91
CC 3 .26 55.76 0.00 56.02
CC 4 4.81 32.14 0.00 36.95
CC 5 2.63 54.84 0.00 57.48
CC 6 5.81 20.19 0.00 25.99
CC25 12.58 20.65 0.00 33.23
CC26 7.81 23.60 0.00 31.41
CC27 7.5 0 27.63 0.00 35.13
CC?8 4.71 1 4 . 09 0.00 18.80
CC29 4.07 55.96 0.00 60.03
CC31 3.41 36.62 0 . 00 40.04
CC32 3.65 47.41 0.00 51,06
CC33 4.95 47.61 0.00 52.56
CC34 7.62 37.27 0.00 44.89
CC35 2.55 48 . 9 4 0.00 51.48
CC36 1.44 48.53 0.00 49.97
CC37 4.10 37.56 0 . 00 41.66
CC35 .04 50.19 3.00 50.23
CC39 5.65 45.87 0 . 00 51.52
CC40 .03 31.26 0. 00 31.28
CC41 .03 18.46 0.00 • 18.49
CC42 .01 8.84 0.00 8.85
CC43 .26 14.73 0.00 14.99
AVGE 4.4 0 33.99 0.00 38.39

STD
DEVT 4.23 15.57 0.00 16.32
51
PIT O U TLINE
1600 FEET
FRESH ROCK PHYLLIC ALTERATION > 3 5 %
PHYLLIC ALTERATION > 10 % |"| | | | [ POTASSIC ALTERATION > 10 %
Figure 21. D istrib u tio n of norm ative a lte ra tio n a sse m b la g e s a t

th e C opper C itie s mine
52
Q uartz M onzonite Porphyries
New C o rn elia M ine
At th e New C o rn elia ore d e p o s it, only one of th e fa c ie s of th e
q u artz m onzonite d e sc rib e d by Dixon (1966) and no quartz d io rite w ere
c o lle c te d from th e m ine. According to th e g eo lo g ic map (Fig. 3) and th e
sam ple lo ca tio n map (Fig. 22), it could h ave been e x p ected th a t both
fa c ie s of th e quartz m onzonite and th e quartz d io rite w ere sa m p le d , but
one m ust keep in mind th a t th e C h arlie fau lt se p a ra tin g th e two fa c ie s of
th e q uartz m onzonite is dipping to th e e a s t and th a t th e g eo lo g ic map
w as made prior to 1963.
The quartz m onzonite is a h o lo c ry sta llin e p o rp h y ritic in tru siv e
u n it w ith a m edium - to fin e -g ra in e d groundm ass and m edium - to c o a rs e
g rain ed p h e n o c ry s ts . The p la g io c la s e (30%-32% An) com prises 85 p e r
c e n t of th e p h e n o c ry s ts . N ext in abundance is q u a rtz , and la s tly
o rth o c la s e . The groundm ass is an interlo ck in g m atrix of a n d e s in e ,
q u a rtz , and o rth o c la s e . Only th e fre s h e s t rocks c o n ta in a little b io tite
and hornblende as m edium - to fin e -g ra in e d su b h ed ral c ry s ta ls in th e
g ro u n d m ass. T ab les 8 and 9 g ive th e m odal and norm al c o m p o sitio n s,
r e s p e c tiv e ly .
P la g io c la se a c c o u n ts for up to 35 to 40 p e rc en t of th e ro c k ,
follow ed by quartz at 20 to 25 p e rc e n t, th en o rth o c la s e a t 13 to 15 p e r
c e n t, c h lo rite at 8 to 10 p e rc e n t, and c la y s , e p id o te , and c a lc ite a c
count for th e rem aining 10 p e rc e n t. O ther m in erals in clu d e m a g n e tite ,
h e m a tite , z irc o n , a p a tite , and s p h e n e . Pyrite is th e m ost abundant s u l
fide at a m ere 4 p e rc en t maximum, b o rn ite is next at a maximum of 3
p e rc e n t, and c h a lc o p y rite is rare or a b s e n t. W here b ornite is fo u n d ,

53
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600 1600 FEET

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Figure 22. L ocation of sam p les from the New C o rn elia m in e ,

Ajo, Arizona
Table 8 C om position of quartz m onzonite from the New C o rn e lia mine
NO QTZ ORTHO FLAG 3 I 0 T ACT SER MONT KAOL CHL CAL EPI LEUC MAG HEM AP PY BN SPH
A *1 23.00 13.00 44.00 0 . 0 0 •0 . 0 0 7.00 0,00 0.00 8.00 2.00 .00 1.00 1.00 .50 .00 .50 .00 .00
A 2 25.90 11.00 4 3 . 00 0.00 0.00 1.00 6 . DO 0.00 7.00 .00 .00 2 . 0 JQ 3.00 .00 .03 1.00 .00 .00
A 3 22.00 12.00 40.00 0.00 0.00 2.00 3.00 0.00 16.00 1 . 00 .00 3.00 .50 .00 .00 .50 00 .00
A 4 21.00 13.00 39.00 0.00 0.00 1 . 00 - 5.00 0.00 15.00 2.00 .00 3.00 1.00 .00 .03 .50 .00 • 00
A 5 2 5 . CO 19.00 40.00 4.00 0.00 0.00 2.00 0.00 6.50 .00 1.00 1.00 1.00 .00 .00 .53 .00 .30
A 6 19.00 11.00 37.00 10.03 0 .00 0.00 4.00 0.00 12.00 4.00 • 00 .50 1*50 • 00 .50 .50 .00 .50
A 7 20.00 10.00 47.00 3.00 5.00 0.00 3.00 0.00 7.90 1.00 3.00 .50 2.00 .00 .50 .00 .00 1.00
A 3 16.00 1 3 . 00 4 *. 00 0.00 • 0.00 0.00 2.00 0.00 8.00 5.00 8.00 1.00 .50 . 00 .25 .00 .00 .00
A 9 2 2 . 00 1 0 . no 48.00 0.03 0.00 0.00 2.00 0.00 8.00 1.00 5.00 .25 .50 .00 •.03 2.00 .00 .00
A10 24.00 13.00 40.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 2.00 0.00 8.00 2.00 .00 1.50 .50 .03 .50 1.50 1.50 • 00
A ll 29.00 1 3 . 00 35.00 4.00 .50 8.00 2,00 0.00 6.00 . 00 .00 1.50 .50 .00 .09 .53 .00 .00
A12 26.00 22.00 3 5 . 00 0.00 0.00 1.00 2.00 0.00 8 . 00 1.00 .00 1.50 .50 .00 .00 2.50 .00 .00
A 13 24.00 16.00 4 2 . 30 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.00 1.00 9.00 .00 .00 2.00 1.00 • 00 ♦00 .50 .25 .00
Ai 4 23.00 1 8 . 00 42.00 0.00 0.00 2.00 3.00 0.00 8.00 3 . 00 .00 .50 • 50 . 0 0 .00 .25 .00 .00
A15 2 6 . 00 16.00 36.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.00 3.00 9.00 2.50 -. 00 1.00 1.00 • 00 .03 .00 .00 .00
A 16 27.00 13.00 4 0 . 00 0.00 0.00 C . 00 3.00 0.00 10.00 2.00 4.00 .50 .50 .00 .00 .50 .00 .00
A17 25.00 2 3 . 00 35.00 0.00 0.00 •0. 00 3.00 0.00 10.00 .50 1.00 1.00 1.00 .00 .00 .50 .00 • 00
A 13 22.00 20.00 39.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 10.00 5.00 9.00 3.00 . 00 1.50 .00 • 00 .00 .50 .50 • 00
A 19 22.00 12.00 45.00 0.00 0.30 0.00 3.00 0.00 12.00 3.00 . 09 1.00 2.00 .00 >0 0 .25 • 09 .00
A 20 22.00 18.00 40.00 2.00 0.00 0.00 3.00 0.00 11.00 2.00 » 00 1.00 .00 .00 .00 .50 .25 .0 0
A21 24.00 13.03 23.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 11.00 4.00 8.00 2.00 • 00 1.50 1.50 • 03 .00 1.00 .50 .00
A22 29. - 00 2 5 . 00 31.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 5.00 2.00 3.00 1.00 .00 .50 .00 .00 .00 .50 1.50 .00
A23 5 0 . 00 5.00 5.00 5.00 0 . 00 10.00 19.00 2.00 0 . 00 1.00 • no 1.00 .00 .00 .00 .25 3.00 -.00
A2 4 3 8 . 30 10.03 5.00 8 . 00- 0.00 i i . n o 25.00 0.00 0.00 . 00 .00 1.50 .50 .00 .03 .50 1.00 .00
A25 33.00 10.90 15.00 0.00 0.00 2 1 . 00 3.50 0.00 2.00 3.00 • 00 1.50 .00 .00 .00 3.00 .00 .00
A2 6 26.00 2 2 . 00 42.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 3.00 0.00 3.00 1.00 • 00 2.00 .00 .00 .00 .00 .25 .00
A27 24.00 2 6 . 00 31.00 0.00 • 0.00 2.00 3.00 0.00 9.00 .50 .00 2.50 .00 .00 .00 2.00 .00 .00
A28 28.00 15.00 18.00 1.00 •0 .0 0 10.00 15.00 0.00 8.00 2 . 00 .00 1.00 .50 .00 .00 2.00 .00 • 00
A29 2 2 . CO 1 7 . 00 36.00 0.00 0.00 2.00 6.00 0.00 1 2 . 00 1.00 .00 2.00 .00 ♦00 .00 2.00 .0 0 .00
A3 C 27.00 13.00 35.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 4.00 0.00 10.00 1.00 .00 1.00 .50 .00 .00 1.50 .25 .00
A 31 3 3 . 00 18.00 30.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.00 2.00 9.00 2.00 • 00 1.00 .25 .00 .00 .25 .50 .00
A 32 2 3 . 00 15.00 35.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.00 0.00 10.00 .50 .50 1.50 .00 .00 .03 2.00 .50 • 00
A 33 34.00 18.00 2 9 . 00 1.00 0.30 4.00 4.00 3.0 0 4.00 1.00 .00 1.00 .50 .00 .00 .75 .25 ,00
A 34 22.00 23.00 35.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 3.00 0.00 12.00 .50 .50 1.50 1.00 .00 .00 .50 • 00 • 00
A 35 21.00 10.00 38.00 13.00 0.00 1.00 10.00 0.00 3 . 00 1 . 00 . 00 .50 ,00 .00 .00 2.50 .00 • 00
A 36 37.00 2 8 . 00 10.00 0.00 0.00 1 5 . 00 2.00 0.00 3.00 1.00 • 00 .25 . 00 . 0 0 .00 4.00 .00 .00
A 37 25.00 16.00 38.00 0.03 0.00 3.00 3.00 0.00 11.00 2.00 • 00 1.50 ,00 .00 .00 1.00 • 00 .00
A3 8 1 8 . 00 10.90 38.00 8.00 0.00 4.00 6.00 0.00 10.00 4.00 .00 .50 .25 1.00 .03 1.00 .00 .00
A 39 12.00 8.00 48.00 0.00 11.00 1 . 00 3.00 0.00 8.00 .00 5.00 2.50 3 . 00 • 00 .00 • 00 • 00 1.50
A40 18.00 17.00 40.00 0.00 5.00 o.on 0.00 0.00 7.00 .00 8.00 2.00 2.50 .00 .00 .00 • 00 • 00
A 41 2 2 . 00 12.00 43.00 3.00 8.00 2.00 0.00 0.00 3.00 .00 2.00 .50 2.50 .00 .00 .00 • 00 1.50
cn
T able 9 . A lteratio n norm of quartz m onzonite from the N ew C o rn elia mine
NO QTZ ORTHO albit ANORT B I O T HUSO PY 0 PY MAG ACT HYP SPH RUT HEM KAOL COR CAL
A 1 1 A. 5 4 17.35 35.71 11.54 10.09 0.00 .91 .52 2.44 0.00 .72 0.00 .23 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.94
A 2 23.16 19.41 29.24 14.67 9.06 0.00 .93 .70 2.17 0.00 0.00 0.00 .35 0.00 0.00 .30 0.00
A 3 23.07 9.21 31.23 7.51 13.33 11.34 .89 • 50 .69 0.00 0.00 .66 0.00 o.co 0.00 0.00 1.06
A 4 2 k . 13 8.63 32.54 6.02 11.52 12.15 .39 .50 1.33 0.00 0.00 0.00 .33 0 . 00 0.00 0.00 1.86
A 5 21.97 15.77 3 1 . 50 9.70 1 1 . 88 5.37 .90 .51 1.39 0.00 0.00 1.01 0.00 0.40 0.00 0.00 0.00
A 6 21.07 15.79 34.55 14.16 9.56 0.00 .95 .54 2.20 0.00 0.00 0.00 .24 0.00 0.00 .96 o.ro
A 7 19.11 15.07 36.62 12.33 11.31 .15 .00 .18 2.90 0.00 0.00 .70 0 . 00 0.00 0 . 00 0.00 1.12
A fl 19.27 15.13 37.21 13.08 13.13 0.00 .00 .18 .74 0.00 0.00 0.00 .24 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.03
A 9 19.11 10.75 35.75 8.37 11.39 7.01 3.54 1.00 •69 0 . 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 . 3 3 0 . 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 . 0 0 0. 00 1 . 0 6
A 10 20.59 16.18 34.55 4.95 8.63 7.00 2.65 1.67 • 63 0 . 0 0 0 . 0 0 .99 0.00 o.co 0.00 0.00 2.12
A ll 24.17 7.49 31.76 11.80 15.17 6.47 • 90 .51 .70 0.00 0.00 1.01 0 . 00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
A 12 25.39 6.52 26.58 6.95 8.79 17.05 4.43 1.67 .26 0.00 0.00 1.00 0.00 .29 0.00 0 . 00 1.06
A13 24.04 9.10 27.99 8.36 11.35 13.68 .90 1.69 1.39 0.00 0.00 1.01 0.30 0 . 00 0.00 0.00 O.CO
A 14 22.67 15.36 35.06 10.40 11.93 0.00 .93 • 07 .72 o.co .96 0.00 .23 0 . 00 0.00 1.67 0.00
A 15 24.57 1.92 29.96 3.62 12.80 21.61 • 00 .50 1.37 0.00 0 . 00 .99 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.65
A 16 24.31 18.30 32.17 Q. 23 10.66 0.00 .95 .72 .74 0 . CO 0 . 0 0 0.00 .36 0.00 0.00 2.03 O.CO
A 17 24.44 13.38 29.54 10.63 9.13 7.70 .91 2.05 1.40 0.00 0.00 0.00 .45 0.00 0.00 0.00 .35
A l« 25.31 11.70 27.66 11.04 16.51 4.81 .92 .52 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 .46 0-00 0.00 1.07 0.00
A 19 23.23 21.44 23.76 12.19 5.64 0.00 .48 .54 2.97 0.00 2.81 0.0 0 .36 0.00 0.00 1.58 o.co
A20 24.17 19.67 2 9 . 73 9.55 12.41 0.00 .91 .69 0 . 0 0 . 0 . CO 1 . 2 4 0.00 .34 0.00 0 . 00 1.28 0.00
A21 27,35 3.46 24.95 4.32 9.34 21.38 1.74 1.31 1.10 0.00 0.00 1.30 0.00 . 61 o . o c 0.30 3.13
A22 28.10 16.49 19.66 14.44 12.34 4.27 .94 1.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 o.co 1.13
A 23 34.97 15.25 17.11 6.26 12.23 9.42 .94 3.54 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 .23 0.00 0.03 0.00 .05
A24 28.31 32.28 13.72 12.96 2.92 0.00 .96 3.61 • 35 3 . 9 1 0 . 0 0 .72 0.00 .26 0.00 0.00 O.CO
A 25 29.00 22.44 24.44 11.21 5.48 0.00 4.35 1.77 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 . 00 .23 0 . 00 0.00 1.03 O. CO
A26 25.93 20.29 36.85 4.70 8.33 0.00 .00 1.03 0.00 0.00 .16 0.00 .23 0.00 0 . 00 2.48 0.00
A27 26.56 18.21 25.30 6.26 8.02 8.68 2.12 3.33 ,0.00 0.00 0.03 .99 0.00 0.00 0.00 O. CO .53
A28 29.76 22.79 21.80 9.03 7.98 0.00 3.28 2.45 0.00 0.00 0 . 00 0.00 .46 .48 0 . 00 1.96 0.00
A29 23.50 13.33 31.59 5.01 8.53 11.18 3.32 2.28 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 .32 0.00 0.00 0.00 .84
A 30 28.49 14.47 23.94 6.15 3.41 7.23 2.47 2.44 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 .35 .48 0.30 0.00 .58
A 31 29.38 20.76 25.37 11.09 9.97 0.00 .46 1.75 .36 0.00 0.00 0.00 .23 0.00 0.00 .13 0.00
A32 23.81 25.11 27.70 8.04 0.00 0.00 2.97 1.67 0.00 8.21 0.00 • 66 0 . 0 0 0 . 0 0 0.00 0.00 1.83
A3 3 35.74 21.18 23.33 7.91 6.23 0.00 1.44 1.81 .75 0.00 0.00 0.00 .36 0.00 0.00 .74 0.00
A3 4 21.51 25.73 25.91 11.66 3.67 0 .00 .95 1.43 1.47 6.04 0.00 1.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 .57
A35 23.25 1.74 31.82 4.34 10.78 20.83 .87 3.29 1.05 0.00 0.00 1.31 0.00 .20 C. 0 0 0.00 .52
A 36 29.15 19.35 22.56 8.17 6.99 6.61 3.17 3.43 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 .34 0.00 0.00 .22 0.00
A 37 25.39 6.73 24.68 9.20 14.69 14.38 1.80 .68 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 .45 0 . CO 0 . 00 0.00 1.44
A39 27.65 21.01 21.29 13.34 7.62 0.00 1.08 3.62 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 .60 1.64 0.00 0.00 1.65
A 39 18.86 15.19 37.41 12.51 8.20 2.40 • 00 .01 3.91 0.00 0 . 00 1.34 0.00 . 18 0 . 0 0 0 . 0 0 0.00
A4 0 21.65 11.73 34.50 10.68 3.97 7.23 .00 .01 3.54 0.00 0.00 1.37 0.00 0 . 00 0.00 0.00 .27
A41 21.38 18.40 37.18 11.13 5.31 1.00 .00 .01 3.66 0.00 0.00 1.42 0.00 .02 0.00 0.00 0.00
cn
crt
56
m ag n etite is le s s a b u n d a n t. O rth o cla se is slig h tly p e rth itic , w ith no
graphic or m yrm ekitic te x tu r e s .
C h lo rite , the m ost common and c o n s is te n t a lte ra tio n m in eral,
re p la c e s b io tite and hornblende w here it is accom panied by som e e p i-
d o te and c a lc ite . It is p re se n t in a ll sa m p le s. E pidote, c o n v e rse ly , is
only found outw ardly a s in sam p les A1 through A9 and A39 through A41;
it m ainly re p la c e s hornblende and rare ly p la g io c la s e . C a lc ite is r e
s tric te d to la te v e in le ts , although it is sp o ra d ic a lly d isse m in a te d
through p la g io c la s e , along w ith m o n tm o rillo n ite. M ontm orillonite pow
d e rs th e p la g io c la s e but is s c a rc e at 5 p e rc e n t or l e s s . S e ric ite is a ls o
ra re , although it forms an e a s t-w e s t-tre n d in g accum ulation c e n te re d
w ith m ontm orillonite. S e ric ite re p la c e s a n d e s in e , rare ly b io tite . S econ
dary o rth o c la se is recurrent in v e in le ts ; seco n d ary b io tite is more e rra t
ic a lly d istrib u te d and a cc o u n ts for up to 8 p e rcen t of th e ro c k . Both
seco n d ary o rth o c la s e and b io tite are more abundant tow ard th e c e n te r of
th e p it.
The d ifferen c e b etw een th e mode (Table 8) and th e norm (Table 9)
is th a t c h lo rite is inclu d ed w ith b io tite and th a t th e re is no e p id o te or
m ontm orillonite in the norm . Q uartz v e in s o ccur in th in s e c tio n s of A23,
A25, A30, A31, A32, A36, and A28, and c a lc ite v e in s are common
throughout th e d e p o s it. The a lte ra tio n is w eak to m oderate w ith p o ta s s ic
a lte ra tio n o ften b etw een 5 and 10 p e rc e n t a t an av erag e of 7 .5 p e rc e n t,
w ith a stan d ard d ev ia tio n of 3 .5 p e rc e n t. P h y llic a lte ra tio n , as high a s
32%, is commonly below 15%, w ith an a v erag e of 13 p e rc en t and a s ta n
dard d e v ia tio n of 10 p e rc e n t. A rgillic a lte ra tio n is n o n e x iste n t; th e re is
no k a o lin ite in th e norm or in th e mode (Table 10 and F ig . 23).

T able 10. Summary of a lte ra tio n of quartz m onzonite from the New
C o rn elia mine
NO POT RHYL ARGIL TOTAL ALTERATION

A41 .01 1.28 0.00 1.28
A 1 6.11 1.16 0 . 00 7.27
A 2 6.31 3.45 0 . 00 9.77
A 3 10.20 18.34 0.00 28.55
A 4 7.90 20.09 0.00 27.99
A 5 8.37 8.73 0.00 1 7 . 10
A 6 5.46 1.20 0 . 00 6.66
A 7 7.23 .19 0.00 7.42
A 8 9.54 .0 0 0.00 9.54
A 9 8.37 13.42 0 . 00 21.79
AID 5.70 12.27 0.00 17.97
All 12.55 12.94 0.00 25.49
A12 5.92 32.43 0.00 38.35
A13 9.84 21.92 0 . 00 31.76
A14 7.88 2.83 0.00 10.70
A15 9.53 31.54 0.00 41.08
A16 7.59 4.93 0.00 12.53
A17 6.83 14.85 0.00 21.68
A18 14.28 12.29 0.00 26.57
A19 4.55 2.96 0 . 00 7.52
A20 10.89 4.71 0.00 15.61
A21 6.16 37.0 0 0.00 43.17
A22 10.30 15.18 0.00 25.48
A23 12.66 30.47 0 . 00 43.13
A24 22.24 10.03 0.00 32.28
A25 7.39 15.21 0.00 22.62
A26 6.94 5.78 0.00 12.72
A27 7.05 20.34 0.00 27.38
A28 11.47 14.83 0.00 2 6 . 30
A29 6.44 21.14 0 . 00 27.57
A30 6.43 21.36 0.00 27.79
A31 10.52 11.4 0 0. 00 21.92
A32 10 . 6 6 6.87 0.00 17.53
A33 6.39 20.10 0.00 2 6 , 48
A34 11.15 1.18 0.00 12.52
A35 10.52 29.99 0 . 00 40.51
A36 7.09 22.32 0 . 00 29.41
A3 7 12.16 26.31 0 . 00 38.48
A38 10 . 2 3 9.35 0.00 19.58
A39 3.38 3.05 0 . 00 6.43
A4 0 4.03 9.54 0 . 00 13.58
AVGE 8.49 13.49 0.00 21.99

STD
OEVT 3.55 10.02 0.00 11.13
58
w
PIT \OUTLINE y S
\m r y
f
l
* •
0 3000 FEET
I J_____I_____ |

th e New C o rn elia mine
59
M orenci M ine
The quartz m onzonite a t M orenci is p e rv a siv e ly a lte re d (M oolick
and D urek, 1966; L an g to n , 1972). It w as th e only rock sam pled (see

F ig s . 4 and 24). Only M 18, o b v io u sly d ifferen t in its ch em istry and
m in eralo g y , w as d isc a rd e d a s p art of the d ia b a se d ik e .
The quartz m onzonite porphyry is h o lo c ry sta llin e w ith a fine to
m ic ro cry sta llin e g ro u n d m ass. The m ineralogic com p o sitio n s of each
sam ple are g iven in T able 11 (mode) and Table 12 (norm ). P h e n o c ry sts
of a lb ite (<10% An) and rare ly o lig o c la s e (28% An) and o rth o c la se are
fine to medium grain ed ; a few la rg e r quartz p h e n o cry sts o ccu r from
p la c e to p la c e . The fre s h e s t r o c k s , M35 through M 38, c o n ta in up to 8
p e rc en t b io tite or h o rn b le n d e . M inor m in erals are zirco n and a p a t i t e .
G raphic te x tu re s are common, surv iving even p h y llic a lte ra tio n , q uartz
show ing tex tu re sim ila r to g rap h ic tex tu re being se e n in s e ric ite -q u a rtz
a s s e m b la g e s . M ost p la g io c la s e s are zoned w ith a more c a lc ic c o r e .
O ther m in erals are k a o lin ite , m on tm o rillo n ite, h y d ro m ic a s,
seco n d ary q u a rtz , seco n d ary o rth o c la s e , and seco n d ary b io tite , in order
o f a b u n d a n c e . Q uartz v ein in g is very common; one of every two th in
s e c tio n s show s qu artz v e i n s , w hich can make up to 23 p e rc e n t of the
s lid e . S e ricite is by far the m ost abundant a lte ra tio n m in eral, c e rta in
sam p les co n tain in g up to 60 p e rc en t s e r ic ite , w ith 25 to 30 p e rc en t a
common fig u re . Outward from M l through M 5 , q u a rtz —K -fe ld sp ar v e in s
are cut by q u a rtz -s e ric ite -p y rite v e in s . S econdary o rth o c la s e re p la c e s
p la g io c la s e and prim ary o rth o c la s e . S e ric ite re p la c e s p la g io c la s e a s
w e ll a s o r th o c la s e , b io tite , m ontm orillonite and is a s s o c ia te d w ith
k a o lin ite . The e v id en ce for rep la ce m e n t of one by th e o th e r is

60
1970 PIT
OUTLINE
1600 FEET
j FRESH ROCK
ED POTASSIC ALTERATION > 10%
phyllic alteration > io % IIHIllI POTASSIC ALTERATION > 2 0 %
PHYLLIC ALTERATION > 3 0 %
Figure 24. L ocation of sam p le s from the M orenci m in e ,

M o ren ci, Arizona
• Sam ples w ithin the p it boundary were c o lle c te d along and w ith
in 100 fe e t of a c o m p a ss -c o n tro lle d tr a v e r s e .
T able 11. C om position o f quartz m onzonite from the M orenci mine
NO QTZ ORTHO FLAG 3 IOT ACT SER MONT KAOL CHL CAL "EPI LEUC MAG HEM AP PY CRY cc
W i 34,00 17.00 8.00 0.33 0.00 27.09 5.00 0.00 6 . 00 • . 0 0 • 00 1 . 0 0 . 0 0 • 03 .00 3.00 • 00 .50
M 2 27.00 15.00 31.00 0.03 0.00 15.00 0.00 2.00 2.00 . 00 2 . 0 0 1.00 ' . 5 0 5.00 • 00 • 00 . 00 .00
M 3 31.00 25.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 25.00 0.00 8.00 2.00 .00 .00 2 . 0 0 .00 4.03 .9 0 ,00 .00 .00
M 4 26.00 13.00 20.00 0.00 0.00 23.00 2.00 9.00 1.00 .00 .00 1.00 .00 4.00 • 00 .03 .00 .09
H 5 31.00 14.0 0 30.00 0.00 0.00 15.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 .00 ,00 2.00 .90 4.00 •0 3 .00 .00 .00
M 6 59.30 0.00 0 . 00 0.00 0.00 35.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 .00 ,00 .25 • 00 .03 • 00 8 . 00 #00 • 90
M 7 33.00 21.00 21.00 C . 00 0.00 19.00 0.00 o.oo 2.00 .00 .00 1.50 .00 .50 .00 1 . 50 • 00 .50
H 8 42.00 15.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 20.00 17.00 0.00 3.00 ' GO #00 2 . 0 9 .00 .50 • 03 1.00 .30 .59
M 9 2 6 . 00 0.00 •0 . 00 0 . 0 0 0 . 0 0 62.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 • 00 , 0 0 1 . 0 0 , 0 3 • .00 • 00 5. 0 0 .on 3.00
Ml 0 25.00 18.00 26.00 0.03 0.00 24.00 0 . 00 1.00 1.00 .00 .00 .00 • 00 '.00 «Q3 2 . 00 .00 1.00
Mil 33.00 15.00 10.00 0.00 0.00 30.00 0.00 9.00 0.00 .90 .00 .00 , GO 4.09 OQ 3 . 00 • 00 .75
M12 24.00 16.00 40.00 0.03 0.00 8.00 3.00 1.00 4.00 . 00 . 0 0 1 . 0 0 . 0 0 • 53 . 0 0 .75 ,00 .25
Ml 3 37.00 15.00 11.00 0.00 0.00 23.00 . 3.00 3.00 5.00 .00 . 00 2 . 0 0 . 0 9 .03 • 50 1.50 •0 0 .25
Ml 4 26.03 0.00 29.00 0.00 0.00 33.00 0.00 2.00 3.30 • 00 • 00 3 . 9 0 , 0 0 1 .03 .00 1.00 .00 00
M15 38.00 20.00 5.00 2.0 0 o . o c 28.00 2.00 0.00 0.00 .00 • 09 2 . 0 0 . 0 0 •e 00 1 . 0 0 2.00 ,00 • .00
M16 3 0 . 00 10.00 32.00 3.00 0.00 11.00 6.00 3.00 2.00 • 00 ♦00 2 . 0 0 . 0 0 1.00 • 00 3.09 .00 1.00
M17 38.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 43.00 3.00 0.00 -0.00 .00 • 00 3 . 0 0 . 0 9 .00 ♦00 3.00 .50 3.00
Ml 8 1 9 . 00 0.00 0.00 15.00 0.00 15.00 10.00 4.00 15.00 • 00 7 . 0 0 2 . 0 0 3 . 5 0 4.00 .00 . 50 .00 .00
M19 4 3 . 00 0 . 00 10.00 0.00 0.00 25.00 12.00 2.0 0 5.00 • 00 . 00 2 . 0 0 , 0 0 .00 ♦ 00 • 50 .00 .00
M20 3 4 . 00 0.00 2 5 . 00 1.00 0.00 24.00 0.00 10.00 3.00 .00 .00 1.00 .00 1.00 • 00 1 . 00 .00 .00
M21 5 1 . 00 0.00 6.00 0.00 0.00 20.00 5.00 1.00 2.00 • 00 . 0 0 1 . 0 0 • 00 .25 • 00 1.50 .00 .75
M2 2 35.00 4 2 . 00 1 0 . 00 0.00 0.00 7.00 0.00 0.00 3.00 .00 .00 1.50 • 00 • .00 .03 1.00 .00 1.00
M23 45.00 5 . 00 0.00 0.00 0 .00 47.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ,00 . 0 0 1 . 00 • 00 .09 .00 2.00 . 00 .25
M23 47.00 5.00 9.00 0.00 0.00 40.00 0.00 2.00 0.00 .00 .00 .50 • 00 ',00 .00 1.00 .00 2.50
M24 4 9 . 00 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.00 44.00 0.00 0.00 J.OO .00 • 00 1 . 0 0 . 0 0 1.00 ♦00 2.00 .00 .00
M25 30.00 19.00 32.00 0.00 0.00 3.00 5.00 3.00 4.50 • 00 . 0 0 1 . 5 0 , 0 0 .00 #00 .50 .00 1.00
M26 4 6 . 00 5.00 0.00 (1. 00 0 . 0 0 41.00 0.00 4 . 0 0 •0 . 0 0 • 00 . 00 • GO , 3 0 3.00 ,00 •. 00 .00 .50
M27 42.00 6.00 5 . GO 0 . 00 0.00 3 6 . 00 5.00 1.00 0.00 • 00 . 0 0 2 . 0 0 , 0 0 2.00 ,00 .00 .00 .00
K 23 5 1 . 00 2.00 •0 . 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 . 0 0 42.00 0.00 1.00 0.00 • 00 . 0 0 . 5 0 , 0 0 .93 ,0 3 2.00 .50 1.00
M?9 55.00 0.00 •0 . 0 0 0. 0 0 o . o c 41.00 0.0 0 9.00 0.00 # 00 • 00 " . 9 0 , 0 0 • 00 • 00 3.00 . 00 .09
M30 52.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 42.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 • 00 • 00 . 5 0 , 0 0 .00 • 00 5.00 .00 ♦50
M31 40.00 13.00 7.00 0.00 0.00 25.00 2.00 6.00 0.00 .00 • 00 . 5 0 . 0 0 6.00 ,00 . 00 .00 .00
M33 38.00 6.00 0.00 0.00 o. n o 41.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ,00 • 00 2 . 0 0 .00 8.00 ,00 .00 .00 ,00
M35 3 0 . 09 0.00 37.00 2.00 0.00 20.00 2.00 0.00 5.50 .00 .00 1. 5 0 • 00 2.00 .00 .00 .00 ,00
M36 18.00 6.00 54.00 0 . 00 1 4 . 0 0 0.00 3.00 0.00 0.00 • 00 1 . 0 0 . 0 0 3 . 0 0 1.00 .00 .00 .00 ,00
M37 24.00 4.00 45.00 5.00 0.00 7.00 2 . 0 0 *0 . 0 0 8.00 ,00 .00 1. 50 • 03 3.00 ,50 • CO .00 • 00
M38 2 6 . 00 2 . 00 43.00 8.00 0.00 4.00 6.00 2.00 5.00 ,00 .00 2 . 0 0 • . 0 0 2.00 ♦00 . 09 .00 ,00
M39 35.00 48.00 8.00 1.00 0.00 6.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 • 00 , 0 0 1 . 0 0 . 00 .00 ,00 1.00 .00 • 00
M40 15.00 10.00 3 9 . 0 0 1 8 . 00 0.00 3.00 4.00 6.00 0.00 3.00 .00 .50 1 . 5 0 • 00 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 00 , .00
Table 12. A lteration norm of q uartz m onzonite from the M orenci mine
NO QTZ ORTHO ALBIT A NOR T BIOT MUSC PY . c ^ r HAG SPH RUT HEM- KAOL COR CAL cc
M 1 34.11 1.03 15.97 0.00 2.91 42.63 1.68 1.12 0.03 .20 .15 0,00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
K 2 27.06 13.17 30.37 0.00 1.80 24.13 .00 .09 .35 .00 .22 2.57 0.00 0.00 .24 0.00
H 3 33.57 21.93 1.42 0.00 2.27 37.35 .00 .12 .09 .08 .20 2.99 3.00 0 . 30 0.00 .00
M 5 30.03 16.30 26.22 0.00 1.72 22.45 .00 .39 .29 .29 . 13 1.77 0.00 0.00 0.00 .00
M 4 30.34 10.63 20.66 0 . 00 2.27 32.18 .00 .33 .25 .39 .09 2.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 .00
M 6 50.48 2.95 .50 0.00 1.83 28.41 12.98 2.56 0.00 .09 .21 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
M 7 33.11 8 . 3 1 2 3 . 52 0.00 1.51 30.98 1.13 .45 0.00 • 28 .13 .58 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
M 3 43.98 8.07 1.53 0.00 2.63 40.43 .54 1.72 0.00 .16 .17 • 54 0.30 0.00 0.00 .24
M 9 42.42 2.43 .80 0.00 6.24 37.06 2.84 7.89 0.00 .08 .19 0.30 0.00 o.co 0.00 0.00
M 10 24.43 22.70 25.70 0.00 1.86 22.99 .76 1.18 0.00 .24 .14 0.00 0 . 00 0.00 0.00 0.00
M il 36.55 3.61 9.95 0.00 3.52 39.40 1.72 1.77 0.00 .16 • 16 3.17 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
M1 2 19.95 12.56 43.18 0.00 3.61 18.61 1.04 • 46 0. 00 .40 .09 0.00 0 . 00 0.00 0.00 .10
M13 36.93 0.00 7.51 0.00 10.22 36.24 2.39 .25 0.00 .54 .03 0.00 3 . 88 0.00 0.00 0.00
M1 4 29.77 0.00 27.07 0.00 4.04 32.17 . 1.73 .24 1.60 .74 • 08 .17 2 . 30 0.00 0.00 0 . 00
M1 5 38.83 2.38 1 . 33 0.00 9.42 41.83 3.52 2.19 0.00 .36 .10 0 . CO 0.00 0.30 0.00 0.00
M1 6 31.03 . 7 1 3 3 . 04 2.18 3.64 25.58 2.27 .71 0.00 .65 0.00 .19 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
M17 43.33 0.00 .81 0.00 4.08 42.61 5.11 • 83 0.00 .08 • 19 0.00 2.92 0.00 0.00 .03
M19 43.57 0.00 9.13 0.00 6.67 30.51 .85 1.73 0.00 .42 .07 0.00 7.04 0.00 0.00 0.00
M 20 34.09 0.00 22.59 .14 3,07 17.73 1.65 .32 .21 .62 0.00 1 . 09 18.47 0.00 0.00 0 . 00
M2 1 52.70 0.00 5.26 0.00 2.13 34.33 1.36 1.69 .73 .08 • 08 .13 1.39 0.00 0.00 0.00
M2 2 33.00 29.30 18.81 0 . 00 3.15 13.18 .23 1.50 0 . 00 .16 .17 0.00 0.00 0 . 00 0.00 0.00
M2 3 43.13 7.79 1.40 0.00 2.66 35.56 3.32 .76 0.00 .04 .21 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 .12
M2 3 47.95 5.04 1.43 0.00 9.34 32.85 - 2.10 5.23 0.00 .04 .21 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03
M2 4 44.97 0.00 . 9? 0.00 7.64 40.68 3.54 .32 0.00 • 04 • 21 0.00 1.69 0.00 0.00 0.03
M2 5 29.06 6.93 28.36 0.00 1.95 32.04 -.20 1.47 0 . 00 .24 .15 0 . 00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 . 00
M2 B 42.55 4.51 1.51 0.00 2.44 43.87 -.17 .23 2.43 .04 .21 2.41 0.00 0.00 0.00 o.co
M 27 34.54 0.00 12.81 0.00 1 3 .5 1 37.15 .00 .80 0.00 • 16 • 28 C.00 .75 0.00 0.00 0.00
M28 54.82 .70 .83 0.00 1.59 36.31 3.91 1.57 0.00 .04 .21 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 . 00
M2 9 5 5.64 0.00 .82 0.00 1.27 34.81 4.73 2.11 0.00 .04 .21 0.00 .36 0.00 0.00 0.00
M 30 56.09 0.00 • 83 0.00 1.51 34.92 . 4.11 1.51 0 . 00 .04 .21 0.00 .55 0 . 00 0.00 .24
M3 1 37.10 6.44 4.59 0.00 1.73 43.94 .00 .09 .06 .12 .18 5.77 0.00 0.00 o.co .00
M3 3 40.90 4.65 .82 0.00 2.57 44.92 • 00 .08 .06 •.04 .10 5.63 0.00 o.co 0.00 .00
M3 5 25.67 0.00 40 .3 3 3.47 4.29 17.48 • 00 ♦14 .10 1.02 0.00 2.40 5.13 0.00 0.00 .00
M3 6 19.15 10.72 46.34 14.08 4.74 .33 .00 .02 1.95 1.37 0.00 1.30 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
M3 7 25.53 .63 44.51 4.93 5.27 13.96 .00 .51 .38 .67 0 . 00 3.74 0.03 0.00 o.co .00
M3 8 28.79 2.11 42.19 6.49 4.10 12.36 .00 .20 .15 1.35 0.00 2.31 0.00 0.00 0.00 .00
M3 9 40.63 33.54 16.38 0.00 .78 5.29 .15 2.09 0.00 .21 .39 0.00 0.00 0 . 00 0.00 0.00
M4 0 12.10 33.42 33.29 0.00 4.90 10.77 • 00 .23 1.75 .00 .44 .20 0.00 0.00 2.90 0.00
<n
tsD
63
co m p ellin g . The problem could not be d e fin ite ly so lv ed ; if s e ric ite r e
p la c e s k a o lin ite w here k a o lin ite is a supergene p ro d u c t, it h a s to be
adm itted th a t the s e ric ite is a ls o su p e rg e n e . M ontm orillonite is rarely
ab u n d an t. It re p la c e s th e p la g io c la s e s from the core ou tw ard . R utile
and leu co x en e are common in e x -b io tite s ite s w ith c h lo rite or s e ric ite
or b o th . C onversion of b io tite to c h lo rite o ccu rs only w here s e ric ite is
not a b u n d a n t. L o ca lly , k a o lin ite am ounts to 4 to 6 p e rc e n t of th e ro c k .
Pyrite and c h a lc o c ite are alm ost th e only s u lf id e s , p y rite b e
ing the more abundant at 2 to 5 p e rc e n t. C h alco p y rite is h ard ly e v er
fo u n d , and w hen it o c cu rs it is a s tin y in c lu sio n s engulfed in c h a lc o
c it e . M olybdenite is re s tric te d to som e q u a rtz -se ric ite v e in s . C h a lc o
c ite commonly re p la c e s c h alco p y rite as w ell as p y rite . From p la c e to
p l a c e , h em a tite re p la c e s p y rite or c h a lc o c ite or both in M 2, M 3, M 4,
MS, M 7 , M 8, M i l , M 12, M 14, M l 6, M 20, M 21, M 26, and M 27.
The mode (Table 11) and norm (Table 12) are slig h tly d iffe re n t,
and k a o lin ite a c c o u n ts for th e m ain d iffe re n c e . There is more k a o lin ite
in th e norm th an in th e mode for M 6, M l 7, M 19, M 20, M 24, M 29, and
M 35, but th is could be a ttrib u te d to th e d ifferen ce b etw een th e th in s e c
tio n and th e bulk sam ple th a t it is su p p o sed to re p re s e n t. Also s lig h tly
d iv erg en t are M l, M 27, and M 37, w hich show q u a r tz - p y rite —K -fe ld sp a r—
s e ric ite v e in s in th e th in s e c tio n and th e ro c k . P o ta s s ic a lte ra tio n is
g e n e ra lly o b se rv a b le and can be up to 59 p e rc en t (M40) but a v e ra g e s
12 p e rc e n t, w ith a sta n d ard d e v ia tio n of 13 p e rc e n t. P h y llic a lte ra tio n
is alw ay s s tro n g , above 50 p e rc e n t, w ith an a v erag e of 57 + 26 p e rc e n t.
A rgillic a lte ra tio n is g e n e ra lly w eak but can be lo c a lly a s high a s 25

64
p e rc en t (M20) and is found in contiguous sam ples M l7 to M21 and M27
to M30 (Table 13 and F ig . 25).
S ierrita M ine
At S ie rrita , sam p les w ere c o lle c te d in th e H arris Ranch q uartz
m on zo n ite, th e S ierrita qu artz m o n zo n ite, and the qu artz d io rite (Fig.
26). Sam ples from th e H arris Ranch quartz m onzonite w ere la te r om itted
to lim it th e stu d y to th e Laram ide in tr u s io n s .
The quartz m onzonite is h o lo c ry s ta llin e po rp h y ritic w ith a fin e
to very fin e grained g ro u n d m ass. The m odal and norm al co m p o sitio n s
of e ach sam ple are g iven in T ab les 14 and 15, re s p e c tiv e ly . The p la g io -
c la s e p h e n o cry sts are euhedral and often c o a rse r g rain ed th an quartz and
o rth o c la se p h e n o c ry s ts . The groundm ass is an in te rlo c k in g m esh of a n -
h e d ra l q u artz and o rth o c la s e c ry s ta ls w ith euhedral a n d e sin e (32% An)
c r y s t a l s . Zoning is common among th e p la g io c la s e s . Q uartz pheno
c ry s ts are su b h ed ral and K -fe ld sp ar su b h ed ral to a n h e d ra l. G raphic te x
tu re s can o ften be o b serv ed b etw een quartz and o rth o c la s e . The
groundm ass is sp e c k le d w ith fin e -g ra in e d su b h ed ral b io tite . T race m in
e ra ls in clu d e a p a tite , m a g n e tite , and rare ly z irc o n . C a lc ite fills v e in -
le ts in th e c e n te r of th e p it (S21 through S 3 5 ). T hose v e in le ts cu t through
p la g io c la s e as w ell a s o rth o c la s e . M inor am ounts of b a s s a n ite , id e n ti
fied during a prelim inary stu d y , develop e x c lu siv e ly in p la g io c la s e from
th e sam e a re a as show n in S21, S23, S25, S26, S27, S 2 9 , and S30. The
o rigin of th e b a s s a n ite h a s not y e t b e en d e te rm in e d , but it is p o s s ib le
th a t it d e riv e s from th e h ydration of a n h y d rite , sin c e anhydrite is a b u n
d an t in th e q u a rtz d io rite , althoug h th e two have not been found in

Table 13. Summary of a lte ra tio n of quartz m onzonite from the M orenci
mine

M37 .68 13.75 0.00 19.43
M 1 2.0 6 71.29 0.00 73.35
M 2 16.96 34.46 0.00 51.42
M 3 28.77 60.94 0.00 89.72
M 5 22.25 36.18 0.00 58.43
N 4 13.9 4 49.69 0 . 00 63.63
M 6 6.58 89.08 0 . 00 95.66
M 7 10.91 53.30 0.00 64.21
M 8 12.29 79.78 0.00 92.08
M 9 14.39 76.2 6 0.00 90.64
M10 31.21 31.39 0.00 6 3 . 10
Mil 6.37 70.0 0 0.00 76.37
M12 16.64 26.39 0 . 00 43.02
M13 6.98 69.87 5.26 82.12
M14 2.08 51.22 3.12 56.41
M15 10.87 78.76 0.00 89.63
M16 1.06 44.78 0.00 45.84
M17 1.12 87.93 3.96 93.01
M19 4.43 66.35 9.54 8 0 . 31
MED .44 37.53 2 5 . 02 62.98
M21 2.84 84.42 1.88 89.13
M22 41.18 23.04 0.00 69.23
M23 10.65 82.56 0.00 93.21
M23 18.42 74.22 0 . 00 92.64
M2 4 3.72 85.48 2.29 91.49
M25 10.48 47.76 0.00 58.24
M26 8.25 81.76 0.00 90.01
M27 12.17 61.99 1.02 75.17
M2 8 2.24 93.3 5 0 . 00 95.59
M29 2.84 93.53 .49 96.86
M30 2.05 93.44 .74 96.23
M31 7.92 74.54 0 . 00 82.46
M33 5.50 80.97 0.00 86.47
H35 .13 23.66 6.95 30.79
M36 15.69 .44 0.00 16.13
M38 2.26 20.98 0.00 23.24
M39 47.03 27.64 0.00 74.67
M40 46.23 14.47 0.00 60.67
AVGE 11.83 57.99 1.59 71.41

STD
DEVI 12.25 26.04 4.39 22.64
66
l^ V w l fresh rock 1 H I 1 1 POTASSIC ALTERATION >10%
PHYLLIC ALTERATION >20% POTASSIC ALTERATION > 20%
PHYLLIC ALTERATION >50% ARGILLIC ALTERATION > 0 %
ARGILLIC ALTERATION >20%

th e M orenci mine
67
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Figure 26. L ocation of sam p le s from th e S ie rrita m in e ,

S a h u a rita , Arizona
T able 14. C om position of q u artz m onzonite from the S ie rrita mine
NO OTZ ORTHO FLAG BIOT ACT SER MONT KAOL CHL • CAL EPI LEUC HAG HEM AP PY CPY SPH
S 21 25.00 54.00 13.00 2.00 0.00 0.00 5.00 0.00 0.00 .75 • 00 . 0 0 • 00 .00 .50 .25 • 00 • 00
S 22 34.00 11.00 32.00 .50 0.00 20.00 0.00 0.00 ' 0 . 0 0 . 7 5 • 00 . 0 0 '.00 .00 *00 2 . 0 0 .25 • 00
S 23 29.00 25.00 33.00 6 . 00 0.00 1.50 0.00 0.00 1.00 .50 .00 1.00 .50 .00 .00 .25 .00 • 00
S 24 2 7.00 is.o n 30.00 4.00 0.00 15.00 0.30 0.00 4.00 .50 -00 .03 .50 .00 • 00 1 . 5 0 • 00 .00
S 25 26.00 26.00 35.00 5.00 0.00 2.00 0.00 0.00 2.00 .50 2.00 . 00 .25 .00 .25 1.50 .25 .00
S 26 22.00 35.00 34.00 4.00 0.00 4.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 .50 . 00 . 0 0 .25 .00 .03 .25 .00 .00
S 27 18.00 24.00 45.00 3.0 0 0.00 3.00 2.00 0.00 2 . 00 .50 1.00 .00 .75 .00 .50 .25 .00 .00
S 28 3 7.00 15.00 20.00 0.00 0.00 25.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 .50 .00 .00 00 .00 .00 3.00 .00 .03
S 29 26.00 20.00 40.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.00 0.00 3 .0 0 1.00 1.00 .00 .25 .00 .00 2. 50 .50 • 00
S 30 30.00 2 7 . 00 34.00 1 . 50 0.00 0.00 1.00 0.00 3.00 .50 2.00 .00 .00 • .00 .00 . 75 .24 .00
S 31 28.00 34.00 25.00 4.00 0.00 2.00 3.00 1.00 1.00 • 50 . 0 0 .00 •• 00 • .00 .00 .75 .00 • 00
S 32 30.00 18.00 14.00 2.00 •0 . 0 0 2 2 . 0 0 5.00 1.50 2.00 3.00 . 00 . 0 0 .00 .00 .00 2 .5 0 .25 .00
S 33 28.00 25.00 3 6 . 00 5.00 0.00 1.50 0.00 0 .00 1.5 0 .00 .00 .00 .00 .00 .00 3.50 .00 .00
S 34 29.00 34.0 0 29.00 3.00 0.00 2.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 .25 .00 . 00 .00 .00 .00 1.00 .25 • 00
S 35 28.00 18.0 0 38.00 6.00 0.00 1.00 0.00 1.00 2.00 . 00 1 . 0 0 .00 .25 .00 .50 .75 .25 .00
S 35 29.00 2 1 . 00 37.00 6.00 0.00 1.00 0.00 1.00 2.00 .00 1.00 .00 .25 • .00 1. 00 . 7 5 • 25 .00
S 37 3 2 . 00 12.00 3 8 . 00 .50 0.00 4.00 1.50 0.00 5.00 . 0 0 5 . 0 0 •. 0 0 .50 2. 00 ' .00 ,00 .00 .00
S 38 27.00 23.00 35.00 4.00 0.00 2.00 2.00 0.00 4 . 00 .00 1.00 .00 .25 .25 ,00 .00 ,00 .30
S 44 15.00 49.00 28.00 8.00 0.00 0 . 00 0.00 0.00 0.00 .00 .00 .00 *00 .00 ,00 .00 .00 • 09
S4 5 19.00 47.00 24.00 14.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.00 .00 .00 . 00 .50 2.50 ,00 .00 .00 .00
S 46 27.00 35.00 24.00 0.00 0.00 10.00 0.00 0.00 ' 0 . 0 0 .00 .00 .00 ,00 4.00 .00 .00 ,00 • 00
S 47 25.00 38.00 27.00 8.00 3.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 .00 .00 ^00 *00 1.00 . .00 .00 .00 .00
S 48 12.00 43.00 42.00 1.00 0.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 . 0.00 ..00 , .00 ,00 .25 . 0 0 1 . 0 0 ' *• 00 • 00 .00
<T>
CO
Table 15. A lteratio n norm o f ouartz m onzonite from the S ie rrita mine
*1
NO OTZ ORTHO A L O I ANORT B I O T HUSO PY CPY MAG ACT HYP SP H RUT HEM KAOL COR CAL
S 21 2 5 . 5 3 40 . 6 5 14.90 1.74 4.40 10.89 .00 .22 0.00 0.00 0 . 00 .54 0 . 00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.14
S 22 3 5 . 8 9 15.29 28.96 7.95 2.97 3.13 3.76 • 36 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 .24 0.00 0.00 , 1.45 0.00
S 23 2 9 . 6 5 24.58 26.46 9.39 8.10 .46 .00 .26 .75 0.00 0.00 0.00 .24 0.00 0.00 .11 0.00
SZU 2 7 . 0 0 12.27 26.68 5.21 8.36 14.87 2.79 .35 .36 0.00 0.00 1.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 .56
S 25 26.46 29.75 23.23 4.55 3.44 6.75 2.81 • 53 .15 0.00 0.00 1.05 0.00 .14 0.00 0.00 1.12
526 19.07 30.24 25.79 8.10 7.17 5.41 1.89 .71 0.00 0.03 0.00 1.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 .56
527 20.65 16.25 36.90 12.57 8.72 3.26 .47 .04 .73 0.00 0 . 00 0.00 .35 0.00 0.00 0.00 .05
528 27.18 21.04 29.24 4.42 .86 11.63 3.66 .70 0.00 0.00 0.00 • 70 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 .56
521 16.39 23.96 29.48 10.57 9.36 0.00 3.77 2.13 0.00 0 . 00 1.66 0.00 .47 0.00 0.00 1.69 0.00
530 26.74 23.56 2 9 . 86 8.56 5.40 .12 1.43 1.30 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 .24 0.00 0.00 2.28 0.00
531 28.46 22.98 23.26 3.48 4.28 14.39 1.41 .25 0.00 0.00 0.00 .35 0 . 00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.13
53 2 26.03 11.71 23.96 1.79 3.65 22.54 4.60 .52 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 .34 0.03 0.00 0 . 00 2.36
5 33 24.89 21.98 28.16 7.37 2.60 8.46 5.21 .07 0.00 ,. 0.00 0.00 1.06 0.00 0.00 0.30 0.00 0.00
534 25.30 26.43 23.15 4.89 6.43 9.83 1.87 1.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
535 27.89 21.56 29.08 6.60 5.04 6.68 1.39 .35 .36 0.00 0.00 1.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 o . no
51 6 26.67 20.71 29.89 7.88 4.86 6.43 1.83 .69 0.00 0 . 00 0.00 1.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
537 30.82 13.86 34.77 3.87 2.60 10.79 .00 .07 .05 0.00 0.00 .69 0 . 00 2 . 50 0.00 0.00 0.00
53 8 29.66 20.65 31.30 4.03 2.78 8.73 .00 .24 1.61 0.00 0.00 .69 0.00 .31 0.00 0.00 0.00
544 4.06 44.29 30.55 1.36 7.18 10.81 .00 .07 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.69 0 . 00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
54 5 25.04 34.59 24.55 1.33 2.89 7 . 89 .00 .71 .36 0.00 0.00 1.0 6 0.00 1.58 0.00 0.00 0.00
546 27.04 36.02 19.95 0.00 5.53 10.69 .00 .36 0.00 0.00 0.00 .26 .15 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
547 21.34 39.28 23.95 .75 4.62 8.78 .00 .24 0.00 0 . 00 0.00 1.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 . 00 0 . 00
548 9.07 39.99 37.94 0.00 1.24 11.10 .00 .07 0.00 0.00 0.00 .38 .23 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
CD
CD
70
a s s o c ia tio n . E pidote o ccu rs sp o ra d ic a lly ; it is more common on th e e a s t
sid e of th e ore body (S34 through S38) and is n ev er a b u n d a n t, c o n s titu t
ing at th e m ost 5 p e rc e n t of th e ro c k . M inute c h lo rite , p ro g re ssin g along
c le a v a g e , re p la c e s b io tite w ith le u c o x e n e . S e ric ite is not an abundant
a lte ra tio n m in eral, and its h ig h e st v a lu e s a t 15 to 25 p e rc e n t do not o c
cur in any p a rtic u la r area of th e q u artz m o n zo n ite . O rth o cla se re p la c in g
p la g io c la s e or prim ary o rth o c la se is m ost abundant in th e northern p art
of th e q u artz m onzonite (S21 and 844 through 8 4 8), w here it re p la c e s th e
rock p e rv a s iv e ly . In o th er a re a s , o rth o c la s e w ith quartz fillin g v e in le ts
is th e ru le . M inute am ounts of seco n d a ry b io tite occupy h a irlin e v e in -
le ts in 826, 830, 8 3 1 , and 8 3 5 . M ontm orillonite and k a o lin ite lig h tly
d u st th e p la g io c la s e o u tlin in g th e zoning of th e c a lc ic c o re . P yrite and
c h a lco p y rite o ccur as d isse m in a te d b le b s or in q u a rtz -o rth o c la s e or
qu artz v e in l e t s . M olybdenite is sm eared on fra c tu re s or fle c k s q uartz
v e in l e t s .
D iffere n ce s b etw een th e mode (Table 14) and th e norm (Table
15) are a s a lre a d y n o tic ed for th e th re e p receding m ines: th e re is more
norm ative b io tite b e c a u s e of th e p re s e n c e of c h lo rite in th e m o d e , no
norm ative m ontm orillonite (here it is not an abundant m in e ra l), and no
norm ative e p id o te . O ther d iffe re n c e s are due to q u a rtz - s e r ic ite -p y r ite
v e in s in 822, 82 8 , and 832 or to c a lc ite v e in s in 822 and 8 2 3 . The e x
c e s s modal o rth o c la s e in 821 and 844 re s u lts from th e d is p a rity b etw een
th in se c tio n and rock sa m p le .
P o ta s s ic a lte ra tio n is not e x te n s iv e , but it a tta in s 30 p e rc e n t
in 844 and 82 1 , th e a v erag e b eing 13 p e rc e n t w ith a sta n d ard d e v ia tio n
of 11 p e rc e n t. P h y llic a lte ra tio n is m o d era te , l e s s th an 30 p e rc e n t and

71
o ften below 10 p e rc e n t; its av erag e v alu e is 18 + 8 p e rc e n t. P o ta s s ic
a lte ra tio n is stro n g er o u tsid e th e p it to the n o rth e a st and p h y llic a lte r a
tio n is stronger w ithin it (Table 16 and F ig . 27).
C opper C itie s M ine
As p rev io u sly n o te d , the quartz m onzonite a t C opper C itie s is
th e g ran ite porphyry of P eterso n (1954). The quartz m onzonite is h o lo -
c ry s ta llin e p o rp h y ritic w ith a m ic ro c ry sta llin e g ro u n d m ass. Its m odal
and norm ative m ineralogic co m p o sitio n s are g iven in T ab les 17 and 18.
The p h e n o cry sts are medium to c o a rse g rained and com prise o lig o c la s e
(28% An), q u a rtz ,'o r th o c la s e , and b io tite , in th a t order of a b u n d a n c e .
The groundm ass in c lu d es a n h ed ral qu artz and o rth o c la s e c r y s ta ls . The
p la g io c la s e p h e n o cry sts are e u h ed ral and z o n e d , the q u a rtz , b io tite ,
and o rth o c la se p h e n o c ry sts su b h e d ra l.
Secondary o rth o c la se and q u a rtz , s e r ic ite , m o n tm o rillo n ite,
k a o lin ite , c a lc ite , c h lo rite , s a g e n ite , and leucoxene c o n stitu te the a l
te ra tio n m in e ra ls. B iotite is p seu d o m o rp h ically or only p a rtia lly r e
p la c e d by c h lo r ite , s a g e n ite , and le u c o x e n e . C a lc ite , re s tric te d to
q u artz or K -feld sp ar v ein in g w ith a few d isse m in a te d o c cu rren c es w hich
in an o th er view could be cu t v e in s , re p la c e s p la g io c la s e . Secondary K-
fe ld s p a r in v e in le ts re p la c e s p la g io c la s e , and it is o c c a s io n a lly
accom panied by s e ric ite in C C 7, C C 20, and C C 23. A few d u stin g s of
s e ric ite a s w e ll a s of m ontm orillonite and k a o lin ite sp rin k le p la g io c la s e .
Some q u a rtz v e in s are em braced by s e ric ite in C C 14, C C 16, C C 20,
C C 21, C C 22, and C C 24. Pyrite o c c u rs v a ria b ly in qu artz v e in s w ith
c h a lco p y rite or m olybdenite or b o th .

Table 16. Summary of a lte ra tio n of q u artz m onzonite from the S ie rrita
mine
S27 .0 4 4 .7 1 0 . 00 4 .7 5
S21 3 1 .0 4 1 9 .8 8 0 . 00 5 0 .9 2
S22 .4 6 2 7 .8 8 0 .0 0 2 8 .3 5
S23 1 0 .8 6 1 1 .9 3 0 .0 0 2 2 .7 9
S24 .6 1 3 0 .2 6 0 .0 0 3 0 .8 7
S25 1 7 .7 2 1 9 .3 8 0 .0 0 3 7 .1 0
S26 1 8 .5 5 9 .1 9 0 .0 0 2 7 .7 4
S28 6 .9 3 2 7 .5 0 0 .0 0 3 4 .4 3
S29 1 3 .9 6 4 .7 5 0 .0 0 1 8 .7 1
S10 1 1 .5 2 9 .6 3 0 .0 0 2 1 .1 5
S 3! 8 .8 1 2 9 .7 6 . 0 .0 0 3 8 .5 7
S32 .6 6 4 3 .5 0 0 .0 0 4 4 .1 6
S33 7 .3 2 2 2 .5 7 0 .0 0 2 9 .8 9
S34 1 4 .2 0 2 0 .6 0 0 .0 0 3 4 .8 1
S35 7 .1 3 1 9 .3 0 0. 00 2 6 .4 3
S36 6 .5 0 1 8 .0 1 0 .0 0 2 4 .5 1
S37 .0 9 2 6 .4 2 0 .0 0 2 6 .5 0
S38 6 .9 6 2 2 .3 6 0 .0 0 2 9 .3 2
S44 3 5 .4 2 1 3 .6 2 0 .0 0 4 9 .0 4
S45 2 4 .0 2 1 5 .4 7 0. 00 3 9 .4 9
S46 2 5 .4 4 2 1 .5 2 0 .0 0 4 6 .9 6
S47 2 9 .3 3 1 1 .9 4 0 . 00 4 1 .2 7
S48 3 0 .0 1 1 3 .9 8 0 .0 0 4 3 .9 9
AVGE 1 3 .3 7 1 9 .3 1 0. 00 3 2 .6 9
STD
OEVT 1 0 .8 7 8 .9 4 0 . 00 1 0 .7 6
73
0 1000 2000 FEET

1 _I___ I________ 1
FRESH ROCK POTASSIC ALTERATION > 1 0 %
PHYLLIC ALTERATION > 1 0 % POTASS 1C ALTERATION > 20 %
PHYILIC ALTERATION > 3 5 %

th e S ie rrita mine
Table 17. C om position of q u artz m onzonite from the C opper C itie s mine
NO QTZ ORTHO F LAG BIOT ACT SER MONT KAOL CHL CAL EPI LEUC MAG HEM AP PY
CC 7 26.00 23.00 38.00 3.00 0.00 4.00 2.00 0.03 0 . 0 0 2 . 00 • 00 .00 .25 .00 .00 .25
cc a 26.00 25.00 37.00 3.00 0.00 2.00 4.00 0.00 0.00 2.00 .00 .00 .50 .00 .00 .25
CC 9 23.00 2 4 . 00 38.00 5.00 0.00 1.00 3.00 • 0.00 0.00 2.00 • 00 1 . 0 0 1 . 3 0 • 00 .00 • 00
C C 13 22.00 24.00 38.00 4.00 0.00 3.00 3.00 0.00 0.00 3.00 .00 4.00 .50 .00 .00 .00
e c u 25.00 25.00 40.00 3.00 0.00 2.00 2.00 0.00 0 . 0 0 1.00 .00 2.00 .25 .03 .00 .25
C C 12 2 2 . 0 0 26.00 36.00 3.00 0.00 2.00 4.00 2.00 1.00 3.00 .00 .00 .00 .00 .00 .00
CC13 2 2. 0 0 23.00 36.00 2.00 0.00 2.00 4.00 1.00 1.00 2.00 .00 1.00 .75 .00 .50 .00
C C 14 2 0 . 0 0 26.00 28.00 4.0 0 0.00 2.00 4.00 0.00 2.50 4.00 • • 00 .50 .50 • .00 • no • 50
C C 15 3 0 . 0 0 25.00 29.00 3.00 0.00 2.00 5.00 0.00 2.00 .50 .50 .50 .00 .53 • 50 .25
C C 16 2 5 . 0 0 35.00 28.00 2.00 0.00 5.00 2.00 0 .00 0.00 .50 .00 .50 .75 .00 .00 .25
C C 17 2 2 . 0 0 18.00 38.00 3.00 0.00 9.00 4.00 2.00 1 .00 3.00 .00 .00 1.00 .00 .00 .00
C C 18 2 8 . 00 27.00 3 1 . 00 3.00 0.00 4.00 2.00 0.00 1.00 3.00 . 00 . 0 0 . 0 0 .00 .50 .50
C C 19 1 0 . 0 0 22.00 34.00 3.00 0.00 3.00 2.00 0.00 1.50 2.00 • 00 . 5 0 . 5 0 .00 .50 1.00
C C 20 2 1 . 0 0 25.00 40.00 3.00 0.00 3.00 2.00 0.00 2 . 0 0 3 . 00 .00 . 00 . 2 5 .00 .50 .50
C C 21 2 4 . 0 0 2 6 . 00 40.00 2.00 0.00 2.00 1.00 0.00 1.00 3.00 • 00 . 0 0 . 0 0 .03 .25 1.50
CC 22 3 0 . 0 0 19.00 2 0 . 00 3 . 00 0.00 18.00 1.00 0.00 1.00 3.00 .00 .50 .50 • .00 .00 2.50
CC2 3 . 2 5 . 0 0 23.00 38.00 3.00 0.00 2.00 3.00 1.00 1.00 3.00 .00 .90 1. 50 .00 ' .00 .25
CC 2 4 2 5 . 0 0 22.00 31.00 4.00 0.00 6.00 4.00 1.00 1.00 3.00 .00 .00 .00 • .00 .50 2.0 0
At
T able 18. A lteration norm of qu artz m onzonite from the C opper C itie s mine
NO QTZ ORTHO A L B I ANORT B I O T MUSC PY CPY HAG ACT HYP SPH RUT HEM KAOL COR CAL
CC 7 26.96 23.61 34.91 7.87 4.45 0.00 •48 .36 .37 0.00 0.00 0.00 .24 0.00 0.00 .75 0.00
CC 8 29.51 23.86 30.80 8.48 3.55 0.00 .47 .71 .73 O. CO 0.90 C. 0 0 .47 0.00 0.00 1.41 0.00
CC 9 27.90 25.19 30.72 7.75 1.65 0.00 • 00 .71 1.46 0.00 1.74 0.00 .35 0.00 0.00 2.53 0.00
C C 10 27.43 28.69 30.06 7.90 3.58 0.00 .00 .25 .74 0.00 0.00 0.00 .24 0 . 00 0.00 1 . C9 0.00
e c u 2 6.64 21.62 3 2 . 02 6.89 4.26 6.78 .47 .36 .37 0.00 0.00 0.00 .24 0 . 00 0.00 O. CO .35
C C 12 27.81 27.07 29.52 7.76 2.97 0.00 1.89 1.07 0.00 0.00 . 0.00 0.00 . 35 0.00 0.00 1.57 0.00
C C 13 28.55 25.93 30.39 7.99 3.71 0.00 .00 .18 1.13 0.00 . 0.00 0.00 .36 0.00 0 . 00 1.69 0.00
C C 1 (+ 33.55 20.24 23.15 6.29 4.28 8.71 .94 .70 .72 0.00 0.00 0.00 .35 0.00 0.00 1.06 O.CO
C C 15 30.23 13.64 2 9 . 02 2.26 4.63 16.08 .46 .70 1.04 0.00 0.03 1.39 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 .56
C C 16 31.31 24.23 29.90 7.86 2.24 0.00 1.70 • 36 0 . 00 0.00 0.00 0.00 .36 .99 0.00 1.04 0.00
C C 17 31.19 24.05 30.06 8.62 2.75 0.00 • 00 .29 1.49 0.00 0.00 0 . 00 .36 0.00 0.00 1.19 0.00
C C 18 32.71 29.34 24.94 6.65 2.33 0.00 .96 1.08 0.00 O. CO 0.00 0.00 .48 0.00 0.00 1.50 0.03
CC 19 31.80 21.68 31.57 7.97 1.83 0.00 1.93 .55 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 .36 .50 0.00 1.61 0.00
C C 20 27.37 24.20 32.61 8.63 3.76 0.00 .96 .54 .37 0.00 0.00 0.00 .36 0.00 0.00 1.18 0.00
C C 21 26.89 27.35 31.13 7.86 1.93 0.00 2.51 .72 0.00 O. CO 0.00 0.00 .36 0 . 00 0.00 1.27 0.00
CC 22 31.88 23.95 24.93 7.01 2.93 3.05 3.04 .72 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 . 36 .49 0.00 1.63 0.00
CC 23 25.65 23.30 34.92 8.59 2.62 0.00 • 48 .72 .83 0.00 0.00 0.00 .36 .93 0.00 1.61 0.03
C C 24 30.20 21.19 24.34 5.93 3.5 5 10.19 2.30 1.41 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 .35 0.00 0.00 .54 0.00
cn
76
The d iffe re n c e s b etw een th e m odal (Table 17) and norm al (Table
18) co m p o sitio n s have a lre a d y b e e n d is c u s s e d for the g ra n ite porphyry
and are sim ila r in th e qu artz m onzonite w here quartz v ein in g w ith K-
fe ld s p a r or p y rite or b o th , w ith or w ithout s e r ic ite , is more a b u n d a n t.
The to ta l a lte ra tio n is alm ost n il. P o ta s s ic a lte ra tio n is w eak
w ith an av erag e of 3 p e rc en t and a sta n d ard d e v ia tio n of 2 p e rc e n t;
sim ila rly , p h y llic a lte ra tio n is n e arly a b se n t and is below 10 p e rc e n t
w ith an av erag e of 5 p e rc e n t and a sta n d a rd d e v ia tio n of 7 p e rc en t
(Table 19 and F ig . 21).
M ineral Park M ine
Sam ples MP2 and MP4 w ere d isc a rd e d a s m em bers o f th e m eta
m orphosed C erbat com plex, sin c e th e y c o n tain ed a huge amount of
p h lo g o p ite , above 30 p e rc e n t, and sin c e banding w as c o n sp ic u o u s .
Sam ples MP35 through MP38 and MP42 through MP46 w ere a ls o re je c te d
a s Precam brian g n e is s . T hey th e re fo re do not a p p ear on th e sam ple lo c a
tio n map (Fig. 28).
A ccording to E id e l, F ro s t, and C lip p in g er (1968), th e re is no
fre sh rock a t M ineral P ark . The q u artz m onzonite porphyry in its fre s h e s t
o c cu rren ce (MP24) is h o lo c ry s ta llin e . Its m odal com position is g iven in
T able 2 0 , its norm al com position in T able 21. P h en o c ry sts are d iv id ed
b etw een p la g io c la s e , q u a rtz , a n d , in a few o c c u rre n c e s , b io tite . Ac
co u n tin g for 10 to 20 p e rc e n t fre sh p la g io c la s e and 16 to 18 p e rc e n t
s e r ic ite in p la g io c la s e s i t e s , th e re c o n stru c te d p la g io c la s e c o n te n t
w ould be on th e order of 35 p e rc e n t. Only a few m easurem ents w ere
p o s s ib le on the p la g io c la s e re m n a n ts, and th e M ich el-L ev y m ethod gav e
th e co m position of an o lig o -a n d e s in e w ith 32% An. The groundm ass is

Table 19 Summary of a lte ra tio n of q u a rtz m onzonite from the C opper
C itie s mine

CC 8 1.01 .67 0 . 00 1.68
CC 7 1.80 .68 0 . 00 2.48
CC 9 3.92 .00 0.00 3.92
CC10 7.28 .00 0 . 00 7.28
CCli 1.52 10.29 0.00 11.81
CC12 6.07 2.68 0.00 8.75
CC13 4.30 .00 0.00 4.30
CC14 2.21 19.41 0 . 00 21.62
CC15 2.97 24.48 0.00 27.45
CC16 1.04 4.97 0.00 6.02
CCi 7 1.76 2.38 0.00 4.15
CC18 9.35 5.89 0.00 15.24
CC19 .80 5.98 0 . 00 6.78
CC20 1.56 1.37 0. 00 2.92
CC21 5.97. 3.56 0.00 9.53
CC22 1.17 12.01 0.00 13.17
CC23 1.16 .68 0.00 1.84
CC24 2.01 18.69 0.00 20.70
AVGE 3.11 6.32 0.00 9.42

STD
DEVT 2.44 7.38 0.00 7 . 34
78
a a i—r
□ CD
-r
i 1970 PIT OUTLINE
a
\
\ %
'F-o'^-v
(
\
400 800 1200 1600 FEET

HIP, i ..
1 l __I____ !
\ /
/
Figure 28. L ocation of sam p le s from the M ineral Park m in e ,

Kingm an, Arizona
T able 20 • C om position of qu artz m onzonite from the M ineral Park mine
NO QTZ ORTHD F L A G BIOT act ' SER MONT KAOt CHL CAL EPI LEUC MAG HEM AP pr CPT cc
MP 1 47.00 42.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 10.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 . 00 .00 1.00 • 00 .00 .00 1 . 00 .25 .25
MP 3 50.00 0.00 0.00 7.00 0.00 34.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 .00 .00 1.00 .00 .03 .00 5.00 1.00 • 50
%P 5 35.00 26.00 U. 0 0 0.00 0.00 30.00 0.00 2.00 1.00 • 00 .00 1.00 .00 .00 .00 4.03 .00 .25
MP 6 39.00 1 5 . 0 0 •0 . 0 0 0.00 0.00 39.00 0 . 00 2.00 0.00 .00 .00 1.00 .00 >03 .00 3 . 53 .00 .50
MP 7 40.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 54.00 0.00 1.00 0.00 ,00 .00 .50 . 00 c00 .00 5.00 . 00 . 5 0
MP a 42.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 48.00 0.00 •0.00 0.00 .00 .00 .00 .00 1.00 .00 8. 0J .30 .75
MP 9 38.00 28.00 0.00 12.00 0.00 10.00 6.00 4.00 0.00 .00 .00 1.00 .00 .50 .00 . 00 . 0 0 . 00
MP 1 0 36.00 18.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 40.00 0.00 0.00 2 . 00 . 00 .00 2.00 .00 .03 .00 1.50 .00 .00
MP 1 1 51.00 18.00 0 . 00 2.00 0.00 24.00 0.00 1.00 •0 . 0 0 .00 .00 1.00 .00 .00 .00 2.00 .50 .00
MP 12 52.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4 4 . 00 0.00 0.00 0.00 .00 .03 1.00 .00 .00 .30 3.00 .00 .00
MP 13 45.00 10.00 0.00 1.00 0.00 38.00 2.00 0.00 0.00 .00 .00 .00 .00 >00 .00 3.50 .00 • 00
MP 14 5,0 . 0 0 20.00 ■0 . 0 0 0 . 0 0 0.00 28.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 .00 . 00 .00 .00 .00 .00 2 . 00 . 00 . 0 3
MP26 29.00 28.00 6.00 4.00 0.00 17.00 12.00 •0 . 0 0 0.00 . 00 .00 .50 .00 3.00 .00 .75 .00 .00
MP 27 3 ft • 00 2 8 . 0 0 •0 . 0 0 0.00 0.00 10.00 18.00 2.00 2.00 • 00 .00 1 .50 .00 .00 .00 .50 • 00 . 0 0
MP 2 8 35.30 18.00 10.00 8.00 0.00 18.00 0.00 3.00 0.00 .00 .00 1.50 .00 3.00 .00 2.00 .00 . 00
y P 29 35.00 18.00 11.00 10.00 0.00 21.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 .00 .00 1.00 .00 2.00 .00 2.00 • 00 . 0 0
MP 30 32.00 23.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 33.00 2 . 00 3.00 •0 , 0 0 .00 .00 1.50 .00 .00 .00 3.50 .50 1.00
MP 31 30.00 2 0 . 0 0 •0 . o o 0.00 0.00 3 5 . 00 0.00 10.00 o.oo .00 .00 2.50 .00 .00 .00 2.50 .00 .25
MP 32 5 0 . 00 2.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 40.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 .00 .00 .00 .00 • 00 .00 7.00 .00 • 00
MP 33 46.00 24.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 25.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 .00 .00 yoo .00 3.00 .00 2.00 ,00 . 00
MPJ4 60.00 32.00 0 . 00 0.00 0.00 7.00 J .00 0.00 0.06 . 00 .00 .50 .00 .00 .00 .50 , 00 . 0 0
MP.19 46.00 20.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 15.00 0.00 15.00 0.00 . 00 .00 .00 .00 4.00 .00 ' .00 .00 .00
MP 40 37.00 20.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 23.00 0.00 17.00 0.00 .00 .00 1.00 .00 2.00 .0 0 .00 .00 .00
MP 41 4 4 . 00 2.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 • 0.00 0.00 45.00 1.00 • 00 .00 2.00 .00 6.00 .00 • 00 . 0 0 . 00
MP 15 45.00 10.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 50.00 0.00 o.oo 0.00 . 00 .00 .50 .00 .00 • 00 3.00 .00 .00
MP 16 35.00 30.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 30.00 0.00 2.00 J . 00 .00 .00 2.00 • 00 .00 .00 1.50 • 00 . 0 0
MP 17 44.00 2.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 48.00 3.00 0.00 0.00 . 00 .00 .50 .00 • 00 .00 5.00 .00 .00
M P 18 38.00 29.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 27.00 0.00 4.00 0.00 . 00 .00 .50 .00 .00 .00 1.50 . 00 . 0 0
MP 19 30.00 23.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 23.00 5.00 4.00 1.00 .00 .00 1.50 .00 .00 . 00 .50 .00 .00
MP 20 38.00 18.00 4.00 0.00 0.00 22.00 4.00 11.00 1.00 .00 .00 1.50 .00 .50 .00 1.00 .00 .00
MP 21 40.00 20.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 12.00 1.00 5.00 1.00 .00 .00 .50 .00 • 00 .00 1.00 .00 .00
MP 22 40.00 24.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 28.00 2.00 4.00 ,1 . 0 0 .00 .00 .50 •• 00 .00 • 00 1.50 .00 .00
MP 23 4 3 . 00 30.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 17.30 5.00 3.50 •0 . 0 0 .00 .00 .50 .00 .00 .00 .75 .25 , G3
MP 24 31.00 4 0 . 0 0 1 3 . 00 3.00 0.00 5.00 6.00 0.00 0.00 .00 .00 .50 .00 . .00 .00 .50 • 00 . 0 0
MP 25 30.00 3 6 . 00 4.00 0 . 00 0.00 13.00 7.00 5.00 2.00 .00 .00 1.50 • 00 1.50 .00 .50 • 00 . 0 0
to
- T able 2 1 . A lteration norm of q u artz m onzonite from the M ineral Park mine
NO QTZ ORTHO AL 9 I T ANORT B I O T MUSC PY CPY HAG ACT HYP SP H RUT HEM KAOL cc
HP 1 48.52 23.12 3.30 0 . 00 2.22 18.52 3.60 .52 0.00 0.00 0.00 .08 .03 0.00 0.00 .07
HP 3 39.68 0.00 1.23 0.00 12.02 24.82 8.09 2.65 0.00 0.00 0.00 .12 .28 0.00 10.80 .22
MP 5 37.14 13.01 1.50 0.00 3.6 5 39.07 3.68 1.36 0.00 0.00 0.00 .06 .42 0.00 0.00 .11
MP 6 34.16 0.00 1.82 C. 0 9 1.49 44.03 2.41 .46 0.00 0.00 0.00 .06 .29 0.00 15.27 0.00
HP 7 39.01 0.00 .58 0.00 4.43 44.10 5.87 2.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 .06 . 32 0.00 3.33 .23
MP 8 43.62 0.00 1 . 06 0.00 4 . 05 4 2 . 6 4 5.00 2.45 0.00 0.00 0 . 00 .04 .44 0.00 . 33 .36
MP 9 4 0 . 52 21.11 2.63 0.00 5.16 28.28 .00 .35 1.03 0.00 0.00 .86 .06 0.00 0 . 00 O. CO
MP 10 36.94 28.96 2.63 0.00 3.26 24.79 2.50 .52 0.0 0 0.00 0.00 .0 8 .32 0.00 0.00 0.00
MP 11 39.94 21.67 2.70 0.00 4 .1 4 27.53 2.97 .53 0.00 0.00 0.00 • 06 .45 0.00 0.03 0.00
MP 12 52.70 .00 1.06 0.00 4 .2 6 35.95 5.41 • 24 0.00 0.00 0.00 .08 .31 0.00 0.00 0.00
MP 1 3 47.64 14.69 1.77 0.00 2.78 28.57 3.98 .20 0.00 0.00 0 . 00 .04 .32 0.00 0.00 0 . 00
MP 14 44.77 11.51 2.11 0.09 3.26 34.54 3.11 .34 0.00 0.00 0.00 .05 .3 2 0.00 0.00 0 . 00
MP 25 29.20 9.33 11.04 0.00 6.37 40.61 .65 .33 0.00 0.03 0.00 .31 .33 1.79 0 . 00 0.00
MP 27 39.97 9.53 5.42 0.00 4.74 38.42 .90 .51 0.00 0.00 0.00 .08 .43 0.00 0.00 0.00
MP 28 34.25 12.56 9.11 0.00 4 .09 34.74 2.31 1.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 .10 .41 1.17 0.00 .24
MP 29 34.42 13.49 7.64 0.00 3.95 30.63 3.61 2.04 2.94 0.00 0 . 00 .14 .40 .74 0.00 0.00
MP 3 0 40.67 16.81 2.14 0.00 2.49 30.53 5.11 1.54 0.00 0.00 0.00 .05 .33 0.00 0.00 .33
MP 3 1 30.92 0.00 2.08 0.00 2.08 47.91 2.42 1.29 0.00 0.00 0.00 .10 .39 0 . 00 12.71 .11
MP 32 51.40 7.99 1.56 0.00 2.51 30.33 5.38 .69 0.00 0.00 0.0 0 .04 .10 0 . 00 0.00 0.00
MP 33 45.70 4.26 .87 0.00 7.00 38.91 1.79 .54 0.00 0.00 0.00 • 86 .07 0.00 0.00 0.00
MP 39 50.81 0.00 1.60 0.00 .43 31.02 .00 .02 .02 0.00 0.00 .16 .27 2.42 13.25 .00
MP 4 Q 4 6.54 6.64 2.40 0.00 1.23 39.08 .00 .07 .05 0.00 0.00 .07 .44 3.49 0.00 .00
MP 41 38.90 0.00 .50 0.09 • 33 7 . 0 8 • 00 .14 .11 0.00 0 . 00 .29 • 86 1.99 49.83 .00
MP 1 5 46.60 8.67 1.37 0.00 2.46 35.46 4.30 .27 0.00 0.00 0.00 .04 .32 0.00 0 . 00 0 . 00
MP 16 36.34 24.71 2.85 0.00 4.2 9 28.37 2.73 .14 0.00 0.00 0.00 .34 • 23 0.00 0.00 0.00
MP 17 42.68 9.52 1.83 0.00 2.62 38.70 3.28 .99 0.00 0.00 0.00 .07 .31 0 . 00 0.00 0 . 00
MP 18 42.14 22.52 3.13 0.00 2.06 27.77 1.86 • 24 0.00 0.00 0.00 • 06 .21 0.00 0 . 00 0.00
MP 19 38.63 20.23 2.73 0 . 00 4.75 32.15 .91 • 34 0.00 0.00 0.00 .05 .21 0.00 0.00 0.00
MP 20 36.96 0.00 1.65 0.00 2.16 42.26 • 84 .32 0.00 0.00 0.00 .05 • 20 .63 14.94 0.00
MP 21 4 0 . 62 18.75 2.47 0.00 2.90 32.17 1.81 1.02 0 . 00 0.00 0.00 .05 .21 0.00 0.00 0.00
MP 22 45.01 13.15 2.16 0 . 00 2 . 7 2 33.60 2.76 .21 0 . 00 0.00 0.00 .06 •33 0.00 0 . 00 0.00
MP 23 43.58 22.11 2.89 0.00 3.54 25.81 1.39 .42 0.00 0 . G9 0.00 • 06 .21 0 . 00 0.00 0.00
MP 24 34.55 21.00 17.74 0.00 3.42 21.72 .91 .21 0.00 0.00 0.00 .35 .11 0.00 0 . 00 0.00
MP 25 31.10 30.71 11.89 0.00 1.50 22.65 .46 .34 0.00 0.00 0 . 00 .10 .31 .94 0 . 00 0.00
MP 34 63.86 23.98 1.77 0.00 .89 8.21 .86 .37 0.00 0.00 0.00 .03 .05 0.00 0.00 0.00
00
o
81
fin e to medium g rain ed and is com posed dom inantly of an h ed ral q u artz
and o rth o c la s e c r y s t a l s . M ost of th e p la g io c la s e h a s been re p la c e d by
s e ric ite or k a o lin ite or b o th , w ith som e m o n tm o rillo n ite. S e ric ite often
re p la c e s p la g io c la s e p seu d o m o rp h ically and is c le a rly d istin g u is h a b le
from th e le s s frequent s e ric ite th a t re p la c e s o rth o c la s e and b io tite .
W hen re c o g n iz a b le , seco n d ary o rth o c la s e o c cu rs in v e in le ts and is com
monly follow ed by som e b i o ti t e s , a s in M P1, M P9, M P11, M P13, M P30,
and M P31. R utile and leu c o x en e u n d e rsco re th e c le a v a g e o f th e b io tite
p seu d o m o rphically re p la c e d by s e r ic ite . K aolinite is ra re ly a b u n d a n t,
e x ce p t for MP3, MP6, M P31, M P39, and M P41. T here is g e n e ra lly no
m ontm orillonite in th e m ode, ex ce p t in th a t for MP26 and M P27. Only
in a few sam p les is c h lo rite fo u n d , and it then re p la c e s b io tite , as in
MP5, M P10, and M P27.
Very com m only, p y rite am ounts to alm ost 8 p e rc e n t of th e ro c k .
It o ccu rs in quartz v e in s e n c irc le d by s e ric ite rim s . O c c a sio n a lly a s s o
c ia te d w ith c h a lc o p y rite , it re c u rs coupled w ith c h a lc o c ite th a t re p la c e s
c h a lc o p y rite . In o th er o c c c u rre n c e s , p y rite is a ls o re p la c e d by c h a lc o
c it e . L ater v ein in g is com posed of q u a rtz -p y rite -m o ly b d e n ite . M ore d e
ta i l can be o b tain ed from E idel et a l . (1968).
In M P3, M P6, and MP7, a larg e q u a rtz - p y rite - s e r ic ite v ein
o c c u p ie s m ost of th e th in s e c tio n , although th e rock as a w hole c o n ta in s
more k a o lin ite a s show n by th e norm . The b ig g e s t d is c re p a n c y , in M P40,
in d ic a te s 17 p e rc e n t o f k a o lin ite in th e mode (Table 20) com pared to none
in th e norm (Table 2 1 ). As a w h o le , p o ta s s ic a lte ra tio n is not e x te n siv e ;
it a v e ra g e s 4 p e rc e n t w ith a sta n d ard d e v ia tio n of 5 p e rc e n t. P h y llic a l
te ra tio n is overw helm ing, av erag in g 62 p e rc en t w ith a sta n d a rd d e v ia tio n

82
o f 15 p e rc e n t. A rgillic a lte ra tio n is sp o ra d ic but c an be e x te n s iv e , a s in
M P41. In o th er s a m p le s , th e v a lu e s are c lo s e r to 20 + 3 p e rc e n t. In
m ost s a m p le s , no k a o lin ite is found (Table 22 and F ig . 29).
G ran o d io rite
Santa Rita M ine
The S anta Rita sto c k a p p ea rs to have b een em placed in a sin g le
e v e n t. N ie lse n (1968) d istin g u is h e d four te x tu ra l ty p e s th a t d e v elo p ed
during c ry s ta lliz a tio n : a g ra n itic te x tu r e , a s e ria te -g ra n itic te x tu r e , a
p o rp h y ritic -a p litic te x tu re , and a p o rp h y ritic -a p h a n itic te x tu r e . This
stu d y en co u n tered only th e la s t tw o , th e p o rp h y ritic -a p litic and
p o rp h y ritic a p h a n itic te x tu re s w hich w ere m ost lik e ly to be sam pled due
to th e ir ex te n t in th e a rea of sam pling (Fig. 30).
The p o rp h y ritic -a p litic te x tu re is c h a ra c te riz e d by a fin e
g rain ed groundm ass of an in te rlo c k in g m o saic of q u a rtz , o rth o c la s e ,
and som e p la g io c la s e . The m odal and norm ative co m p o sitio n s of e ac h
sam ple are g iv en in T ab les 23 and 24 , re s p e c tiv e ly . P h e n o c ry sts of a n -
d e sin e (40%-42% An), q u a rtz , and b io tite a re su b h e d ral to e u h ed ral and
com pose up to 60 p e rc e n t of th e ro c k . A lteration m in e rals are a b u n d a n t.
The m ain d iffe re n c e w ith th e p o rp h y ritic -a p h a n itic te x tu re is found in
th e g ro u n d m a ss, w hich is m ic ro c ry s ta llin e . The fre s h e s t r o c k s , SR5
and SR6, c o n ta in m edium -grained h ornblende c r y s ta ls . H ere, fin e
g rain ed a c c e s s o ry s p h e n e , a p a tite , z irc o n , and m ag n e tite are comm on.
E pidote re p la c in g p la g io c la s e o c cu rs only in SR9, SR39, and .
SR40. It is a s s o c ia te d w ith c h lo rite , w hich is more abundant in th e s e
sam p les th an anyw here e ls e in th e p i t. Secondary b io tite and o rth o c la s e

Table 22. Summary of a lte ra tio n of q u artz m onzonite from the M ineral
Park mine

MP24 .3 4 3 4 .5 7 0 . 00 3 4 .9 1
MR 1 4 .1 6 5 5 .1 5 0 .0 0 5 9 .3 1
HP 3 1 7 .2 1 5 8 .1 2 2 4 .4 7 9 9 .8 0
HP 5 2 .4 7 6 9 .2 7 o .o n 7 1 .7 4
HP 6 .7 2 7 0 .9 6 3 4 .3 5 1 0 6 .0 3
HP 7 4 .7 2 8 3 .1 7 7 .4 9 9 5 .3 8
HP 8 4 .7 9 8 6 .6 5 .7 5 9 2 .1 8
HP 9 4 .9 6 5 2 .3 3 0 .0 0 5 7 .2 9
HP10 1 3 .2 0 4 5 .3 4 0 .0 0 5 8 .5 5
M Pii 3 .1 2 5 4 .8 4 0 . 00 5 7 .9 6
HP! 2 1 .7 0 9 0 .9 1 0 .0 0 9 2 .6 1
MP13 .4 9 6 9 .7 3 0 .0 0 7 0 . 22
MP14 1 .0 3 7 3 .1 4 0 .0 0 7 4 .1 6
MP26 5 .1 4 6 3 .0 3 0 .0 0 6 8 .1 7
MP27 . 2 .8 7 6 8 .3 7 0 .0 0 7 1 .2 4
HP28 2 .6 3 5 6 .5 9 0 .0 0 5 9 .2 3
HP29 8 .4 5 5 2 .3 1 0 .0 0 6 0 .7 5
MP3 0 2 .4 0 6 3 . 82 0 .0 0 6 6 .2 2
MP31 2 .2 3 7 6 .8 9 2 8 .6 0 1 0 7 .7 2
MP3? 1 .0 9 8 0 .3 1 0 .0 0 8 1 .4 0
KP33 6 .3 4 7 9 .2 1 0 .0 0 8 5 .5 5
MP39 .0 6 7 2 .2 4 2 9 .8 0 1 0 2 .1 0
MP40 .1 9 7 8 .0 3 0 . 00 7 8 .2 2
HP41 - .3 9 1 7 .4 7 1 1 2 .1 1 1 2 9 .9 6
MP15 .4 3 7 9 .1 6 0 .0 0 7 9 .5 9
HP15 7 .2 1 5 0 .2 6 0 .0 0 5 7 .4 7
MP17 1 .5 2 7 6 .5 6 0 .0 0 7 8 .0 8
MPi 8 2 .7 1 5 6 .8 7 0 .0 0 5 9 .5 7
MP19 2 .5 6 5 6 .7 4 0 .0 0 5 9 .3 0
MP20 .4 9 6 9 .5 5 3 3 .6 1 10 3. 64
MP21 1 .5 8 6 1 .1 9 0 .0 0 6 2 .7 7
MP22 .3 4 7 1 .5 5 0 .0 0 7 1 .8 9
HP23 2 .7 7 5 5 .3 5 0 .0 0 5 8 .1 2
MP25 1 5 .3 7 3 5 .3 0 0 .0 0 5 0 . 67
MP3 4 5 .1 1 5 8 .6 3 0 .0 0 6 3 .7 3
AVGE 3 .7 4 6 3 .5 3 7 .7 5 7 5 .0 2
STD
DEVT 4 .1 3 1 5 .4 4 2 0 .8 0 1 9 .8 2
84
N
l
1970 PIT OUTLINE
‘v, 'X——•■
/
4 \
\ "■y %
I
m
# '
••v- \
/
I
0 GOO 1600 FEET

1____ I____ L_ __I
PHYLLIC ALTERATION > 30 % POTASSIC ALTERATION > 20 %
M PHYLLIC ALTERATION >50% ( a ARGILLIC ALTERATION > 0%
H i {11 POTASSIC ALTERATION >10 % ARGILLIC ALTERATION > 20 %

th e M in eral Park mine
85
0 3000 FEET
1_____ |______L_____I
Figure 3 0 . L ocation o f sa m p le s from the Santa Rita m in e , S anta

R ita, New M exico
Table 2 3 . C om position of gran o d io rite from th e S anta Rita mine
NO QTZ ORTHO FLAG 3107 ACT SE% MONT KAOL CHL CAL EPI LFUC MAG HEM AP PT cc ALUN SPH
SR 1 30.00 16.00 27.00 10.00 0.00 0.00 6.00 2.00 4.90 .00 sDO 1 . 0 0 2 . 5 0 .00 .00 .00 • 90 0.00 .00
SR 2 24.00 16.0 0 29.00 10.00 0.00 .0 . 0 0 6.0 0 2.00 9.00 .00 • 00 1.00 2.00 .00 .00 *. 00 .03 0.00 .00
SR 3 23.00 43.00 7.00 0.00 0.00 9.00 2.90 8.00 0.00 .00 1.00 1.00 .09 .00 .00 .25 • 00 3.03 . 09
S R ’4 2 8 . 00 22.00 20.00 9.00 0.00 0.00 8.00 4.00 5.00 .00 • 50 2.00 .00 .00 .00 .25 .00 0.03 .00
SR 5 26.00 7 2 . 00 73.00 6.00 5.00 1.00 •0 . 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 . 0 0 - . 0 0 2,00 1.50 .00 .50 .50 .00 .00 3.00 .00
SR 6 26.00 15.00 33.00 5.00 10.00 0.00 1.00 0.00 1.00 .00 • 50 .00 2.29 .00 .00 .00 .00 0.00 2.00
SR 7 38.00 40.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 8.00 0.00 ).00 10.00 .00 • 00 .09 4.00 *00 .00 .00 • 00 0.00 .00
SR a 30.00 25.00 2.00 12.00 •0 . 0 0 0.00 25.00 0.00 . 2.00 .00 • 00 1.00 .25 .25 .03 .25 .50 0.00 .00
SR 9 25.00 30.00 0.00 3.00 0.00 10.00 15.00 9.00 10.00 .00 • 00 1.00 2 . 50 .30 .03 2.50 ,00 0.00 .00
S R 10 33.00 31.00 1.50 4.00 0.00 8.00 8.00 0.00 3.00 • .00 ,00 .75 .00 .00 .00 .25 .. 00 3.30 .00
SRI 1 40.00 35.00 0.00 7.09 0.00 0.00 7.00 0.00 5.00 .00 • 00 1.00 5 . 00 ■. 0 0 .00 .00 .00 9.00 .00
S R 12 37.00 3 7 . 00 • 0 . 00 2 . 0 0 0.00 4.00 12.00 0.00 3.00 .00 ,00 2.00 1.00 1.00 .00 1.00 .00 0.33 .09
S R 13 2 7.00 19.00 22.00 8.00 0.00 10.00 5.00 4.00 3.00 .00 • 00 1.50 .50 .90 .03 .25 00 0.00 .00
SRI 4 3 8 . CO 38.00 0.00 8.00 •0 . 0 0 3.90 10.00 2.00 0.00 .00 • 00 1.00 .33 .00 .00 .03 .00 0.00 .00
SRI 5 3 0 . CO 43.00 5.00 6.00 •0 . 0 0 0.00 15.00 0.00 0.00 .00 • DO 1.50 .00 .30 .00 ,00 • 00 0.00 .00
S R 16 30.00 37.00 0.00 2.00 0.00 8.00 20.00 0.00 3.00 •.00 • 00 2.00 .25 2.00 .00 .00 .00 0.00 .00
SRI 7 26.00 37.00 0.00 12.00 0.00 0.00 10.00 10.00 0.00 .00 ,00 1.50 .25 2.00 .00 1.00 . 00 o.oo .00
Sri a 23.00 2 1 . 00 28.00 15.00 0.00 0.00 7.00 1.00 2.00 .00 • 25 .00 2.00 .00 .00 .00 • 00 o.oo .00
S R 19 30.00 3 7 . 00 0. 0 0 .10.00 0 .00 0.00 18.00 0.30 2.00 .00 ,00 1.50 .00 2.00 .00 .00 .00 0.00 .00
SR2 0 50.00 35.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.00 5.00 9.00 5.00 .00 .00 2.00 .00 .00 .00 .50 .50 2.00 .03
C R 21 4 2 . 00 20.00 0 . 00 0.00 0.00 2.00 8.00 9.00 0.0 0 .00 ,00 1.00 .09 .00 .00 .00 . 00 1 9 . 00 . 0 0
S R 22 31.00 25.00 0.00 0.00 •0 . 0 0 4.50 0.00 0.00 2 . 00 .00 • 00 1.50 .00 .00 .00 .00 .25 16.00 .00
S R 23 55.00 20.00 0.00 0.00 •0 . 0 0 6.00 2.00 0.00 1.00 . 00 • 00 1.50 .00 .00 .00 .00 .00 1 3 . 00 .09
S R 24 51.00 35.00 0.00 0.00 9.00 3 . 00 3.00 0.00 0.00 . 00 .00 1.00 .00 .00 .00 .50 .00 6.00 .09
SR25 40.00 31.00 • ).00 0.00 0 . 00 ' 15.00 0.00 2.00 3.00 .00 .00 2.50 .00 .00 .00 1.00 .50 4.00 .00
S R 26 50.00 77.00 0 . 00 0.00 •0 . 0 0 5.00 0.00 20.00 1.00 . 00 • 00 .50 .00 .00 .00 .25 .75 0.09 .00
S R 27 35.00 28.0 0 0.00 12.00 0.00 2.00 15.0 0 0.00 6.00 . 00 ;oo 1.00 .00 .75 -.00 .00 .00 0.00 .00
SRza 39.00 35.00 0.00 .01 0.90 .00 0.00 9.00 4.00 .00 .00 1.09 .00 1.50 .00 .30 • 00 0.00 - . 0 0
SRR9 38.00 19.00 0.00 0.09 ■0 . 0 0 8.00 16.00 0.00 2 . 00 .00 .00 2.00 .00 .50 . 00 .00 • 00 1 5 . 00 . 0 0
S R 30 J 2.00 45.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 14.00 2.00 4.00 3.00 .00 .00 1.00 .00 1.00 .00 .00 .00 0.00 .00
S R 31 32.00 45.00 • 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.00 2.00 2.00 3.00 .00 .00 1.50 .00 .00 .00 .00 2.00 6 . 00 . 0 0
S R 32 30.00 16.00 10.00 0.00 0.00 15.00 8.00 0.00 10.00 .00 5.00 1.00 .00 1.00 .00 4 . 00 .00 0.00 .00
SR33 25.00 15.00 13.00 0.00 0.00 20.00 10.00 0.00 10.0 0 .00 .00 2.00 .00 .00 00 5.00 • 00 0 . 00 . 0 0
S R 34 57.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 •0 . 0 0 35.00 0 . 0 0 •0 . 0 0 0.00 .00 • no 2.00 .00 .00 .00 5.00 .25 0.00 .00
S R 35 72.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 15.00 ■0 . 0 0 . 0 0 9.50 .00 .00 3.50 .00 .00 .00 0.00 .00
S R 36 51.00 7.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 30.00 0.00 3.00 1.00 .00 .00 3.00 .00 .00 .03 5.00 .50 0 . 00 . 0 0
S R 37 35.00 18.00 21.00 0.00 9.00 4.00 11.00 0.00 2.00 4.00 .00 2.00 2.00 1.00 .00 .00 .00 0.33 .00
SR 3 ft 35.00 18.00 21.00 0.00 0.00 4.00 11.00 0.00 2.00 4.00 • 00 2.00 2.00 1.00 •.00 .00 .00 0.03 .00
S R 39 12.00 20.00 4 0 . 00 0.00 0.00 2.00 0 . 00 0.00 10.00 8.00 8.00 .00 .25 .00 , .00 .00 .00 0.00 .00
S R 40 27.00 0.00 45.00 0.00 5.00 •0 . 0 0 •0 . 0 0 o . o o 1 0 . 0 0 . 00 9.50 2.00 .50 1.50 .00 . 0 0 *.00 , 0 . 0 9 . 00
00
CD
Table 24 A lteratio n norm of g ran o d io rite from the Santa Rita mine
NO ' QTZ ORTHO A L 8 I T ANORT B I O T HUSO PY CPY MAG SPH RUT HEM KAOL C O R cal cc ALUM
SR 1 29.39 14.19 17.51 3.95 9.99 19.82 • 00 .68 3 . 47 . 1.01 0. 00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
SR 2 27,51 12.60 20.87 4.99 13.45 16.76 • 00 .07 2 . 76 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 . 00 0.00 0.00 o.co
SR 3 32.21 14.34 8.33 1.98 16.64 24.68 .46 .34 0 . 00 1.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 . 00 0.00 0.00 o.co
SR 4 32.22 1.32 1 3 . 75 3.45 16.79 29.82 .44 .66 0 . 00 .99 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 .53 0.00 o.co
SR 5 2 6 . 63 15.19 23.61 9.14 11.12 10.13 .00 ,.03 3 . 12 1. 02 0 . 0 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 o.co o.co
SR 6 24.96 11.13 30.75 13.22 10.66 5.41 .00 .03 2 . 81 1. 02 0 . 0 0 0.00 0.00 0 . 00 0.00 0.00 o.co
SR 7 39.06 31.05 4.05 0.00 5.75 14.26 • 00 1.07 2 . 46 .59 • 04 1.64 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 . 00 0.00
SR 8 34.45 1.47 2.12 1.08 16.67 41.04 .15 1.01 . 86 1. 02 0 . 0 0 0.00 0.00 o.co 0.00 .13 o.co
SR 9 27.55 23.70 14.24 2.24 8.33 15.14 4.55 .69 • 56 1. 02 0 . 0 0 1.93 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 . 00 0.00
S R 10 46.89 19.19 4.34 0.00 9.60 18.55 • 48 • 00 0 . 00 .90 . 06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
S R 11 36.75 26.61 7.39 0.00 6.67 16.67 • 00 .18 2 . 85 .96 • 03 1.90 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 . 00 0.00
S R 12 37.97 33.36 3.64 0.00 3.23 11.70 1.33 2.18 0 . 00 .69 .01 .64 9.00 0.00 0.00 0 . 00 0.00
SRI 3 30.27 10.07 17.42 5.66 14.81 18.73 .45 .10 • 69 1. 00 0 . 0 0 0.00 0 . 00 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00
S R 14 42.43 22.16 4.15 0.00 8.19 21.53 • 00 .34 0 . 00 .82 . 07 0.00 0.00 0. 0 0 0.00 0.00 0.00
S R 15 32.64 34.12 11.20 2.05 12.12 7.14 .00 .24 0 . 00 0.00 .34 0.00 0.00 .14 0.00 0.00 0.00
S R 16 32.32 14.25 6 . 08 0.00 2.85 39.73 .00 • 33 2 . 25 .75 . .08 1.36 0.30 0.00 • o . c o 0.00 0 . 00
S R 17 27.65 26.83 1 2 . 73 .95 5.65 22.58 1.00 .17 0 . 00 .67 0.00 1.77 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
S R 18 25.93 22.38 17.85 6.42 10.79 12.99 .00 .34 2 . 83 0.00 .46 0.00 0 . 00 .01 0.00 o.oc 0.00
S R 19 34.45 9.83 4.70 0.00 1.73 46.6 7 .00 • 68 • 51 .57 .15 .87 0.00 0.00 0.00 .30 o.co
S R 20 54.23 9,81 2.66 0.00 . 16 20.40 .26 .68 0 . 00 .33 .24 0.00 0. 00 0. 0 0 0.00 .01 3.22
S R 21 50.86 18.05 2.45 .67 . 00 0.00 .00 1.35 0 . 00 0 . 0 0 .34 0.00 0 . 00 6 . 7 4 0.00 0.00 19.31
S R 22 41.93 9.39 2.45 .89 1.60 16.90 .26 1.32 0 . 00 0.00 .21 0.00 0.00 1.69 0.00 . 11 23.76
S R 23 55.05 15.47 2 . 00 • 47 .00 0.00 • 00 2.39 0 . 00 0.00 .23 0.00 0.00 4.52 0.00 0.00 19.44
S R 24 57.86 26.43 3.07 .47 .00 0.00 • 00 .11 0 . 00 0.00 .24 0.00 0 . 00 3.34 0.00 0.00 7.60
S R 25 38.02 15.04 3.79 0.00 1.82 32.32 .54 2.71 0 . 00 .24 .25 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.00 .23 6.12
S R 26 39.12 0.00 2.11 0.00 1.42 32.25 • 09 1.39 0 . 00 .29 .21 0 . 00 2 3 . 1 7 0.00 0.00 .28 0.00
S R 27 45.53 8.45 2.84 0.00 2.19 39.19 .00 1.37 . 14 .57 .04 0.00 0. 00 0. 0 0 0.00 .00 0.00
S R 28 44.68 7.27 3.08 0.00 1.76 41.72 • 11 1.17 0 . 00 0 . 0 0 .23 0.00 0 . 00 0.00 0.00 .20 0.00
S R 30 54.94 6.91 2.13 0.00 • 99 33.10 • 00 1.03 . 69 .29 .13 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 . 00 0.00
S R 31 53.83 14.17 2.64 0.00 .61 22.29 • 37 2.43 0 . 00 .37 . .11 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.19
S R 32 35.32 5.59 11.23 4.77 8.18 26.97 . 4.88 .33 0 . 00 .98 0.00 1.30 0 . 00 3.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
S R 33 28.75 0.00 15.01 2.36 9.91 20.58 7.06 .01 0 . 00 .92 0.00 0.00 14.97 O. CO 0.00 0.00 0.00
S R 34 59.56 0.00 .36 0.00 2.30 25.91 3.42 1.07 0 . 00 .25 .15 0.00 6 . 86 0.00 0.00 .12 0.00
S R 35 38.53 0.00 1.43 0.00 . 78 37.61 .00 .63 •75 • 38 .29 .13 19.47 0 . 00 o.co 0.00 0.00
S R 35 53.16 0.00 .58 0.00 1.48 28.07 4.35 2.73 0 . 00 • 28 .24 0.00 8.88 0.00 0.00 ' .23 o.co
S R 37 34.31 13.72 3.61 .73 12.02 29.78 .00 .67 4 • 15 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 . 00 0.00 0.00
S R 38 33.46 0.00 17.11 1.24 11.39 23.55 .00 • 01 4 . 68 .98 0.00 0.00 7.50 0.00 0.00 0 . 00 0.00
S R 39 14.95 7.71 39.11 16.43 17.57 0.00 .00 .01 . 36 0.00 .47 0.00 0.00 0 . 00 2.92 0.00 0.00
SR4 3 28.20 0.00 30.54 18.75 7.46 0.00 .00 .00 3 . 74 1 . 3 5 0.00 0.00 9.03 0 . 00 0.00 0.00 0.00
00
88
w ith som e c h lo rite abound in th e c e n te r of th e s to c k , a s show n in SR7
through SR I8 , SR37, and SR38. In th is sam e z o n e , q u a rtz -p y rite v e in s
w ith c h a lc o c ite re c u r. All s ta g e s of rep lacem en t of a n d e sin e by o rth o -
c la s e e x is t from quartz v e in le t rep lacem en t to p e rv a siv e rep la ce m e n t
w here only m inute rem nants of a n d e sin e are le ft in th e o r th o c la s e .
Q uartz v e in s w ith seco n d ary o rth o c la s e , b io tite , or s e r ic ite
abound throughout the s to c k . M o n tm o rillo n ite, k a o lin ite , and s e ric ite
re p la cin g a n d e s in e , ra re ly prim ary or seco n d a ry o rth o c la s e are more
abundant deep in th e sto c k (SR32 through SR36); th e y are n e v e rth e le s s
found in alm ost every sa m p le . K aolinite re p la c e s p la g io c la s e w hich h a s
b e en re p la c e d by o rth o c la s e , and it is d iffic u lt to s e e if k a o lin iz a tio n
o c cu rs on prim ary o rth o c la s e , le a v in g stockw ork te x tu r e s , or on re lic t
p la g io c la s e su rviving p a rtia l p o ta s s ic re p la c e m e n t.
A lunite forms p o c k e ts in th e so u th w e ste rn part of th e sto c k
(SR19 through SR31). Throughout th a t z o n e , a lu n ite re p la c e s o rth o c la s e
a s w ell as p la g io c la s e . At th e sam e tim e , q u artz floods th e rem ainder
o f th e ro c k . The p o ta s s ic and fre s h -ro c k zo n es in SRI through SR19,
SR37, and SR38 are devoid of c h a lc o c ite , w hich is o th e rw ise p re s e n t in
sm all a m o u n ts. M o ly b d en ite, w hich o c cu rs only in quartz v e in s , is ra re .
D iffere n ce s b etw een the mode (Table 23) and th e norm (Table
24) d eriv e e s s e n tia lly from th e a b se n c e of norm ative m ontm orillonite
w hich is re p re se n te d in th e norm by p la g io c la s e and s e r ic ite . O ther d if
fe re n c e s re s u lt from th e abundance of q u a rtz -o rth o c la s e , q u a r tz - s e r ic ite ,
and q u a rtz -a lu n ite v e in in g . P o ta s s ic a lte ra tio n is w e a k , a v erag in g 9
p e rc e n t w ith a sta n d ard d e v ia tio n of 10 p e rc e n t. P h y llic a lte ra tio n is
more e x te n s iv e , w ith an a v erag e of 47 p e rc e n t and a sta n d ard d e v ia tio n

89
of 23 p e rc e n t. Of th e two kin d s of a rg illic a lte ra tio n , a lu n ite a lte ra tio n
am ounts up to 32 p e rc e n t and k a o lin ite a lte ra tio n up to 30 p e rc e n t. Both
flu c tu a te g re a tly and are commonly n o n e x iste n t and th ere fo re do not s ig
n ific a n tly a ffe c t the ch em ical com position of th e rock (Table 25 and
F ig . 31).
Brenda M ine
At Brenda, only one u n it of th e se v e ra l d istin g u is h e d by C arr
(1967) is p re se n t in th e m ine a re a , th e sp e c k le d qu artz d io rite . The
ch em ical h e te ro g e n e ity d isp la y e d by th e d iffe re n tia tio n index v e rs u s
o x id e diagram is a ttrib u te d to abundant a p lite diking in th e e a s te rn h a lf,
although a p lite w as avoided w here sam p les w ere ta k e n (Fig. 10). The
q u artz d io rite is referred to as g ran o d io rite b e c a u s e o rth o c la s e re g u la rly
re p re s e n ts more th an 10 to 15 p e rc e n t of th e ro c k , and th e ch em ical
co m position is c lo s e to th a t of a g ra n o d io rite . Both ro c k s , one w ith
a p lite diking and one w ith o u t, are ch em ic ally d ifferen t but p e tro g ra p h ic a l-
ly so sim ila r th a t th e follow ing d e sc rip tio n a p p lie s to both f a c ie s .
The gran o d io rite is an e q u ig ra n u la r m edium -grained ro c k , com
p o se d of 15 to 25 p e rc e n t an h ed ral q u artz c r y s ta ls , 40 to 50 p e rc e n t s u b -
h ed ral to e u h ed ral a n d e sin e c ry s ta ls (38% An), and 10 to 15 p e rc e n t horn
b len d e p lu s b io tite in about eq u al am o u n ts, and more th a n 10 p e rc e n t
o rth o c la s e . Its m odal and norm al co m p o sitio n s are g iv en in T ab les 26
and 27. There ap p ea rs to be more hornblende in th e w e ste rn g ran o d io rite
th a n in th e e a s te rn , re fle c tin g a h ig h er calcium c o n te n t in th e form er, but
th is d ifferen c e is not c o n c lu s iv e . M ag n etite is v ery com m on, and w here

Table 25. Summary of a lte ra tio n of g ran o d io rite from the S anta Rita
mine

SR 6 .05 7.21 0 . 00 7.26
SR i 5.87 32.32 0.00 38.19
SR 2 5.78 25.73 0.00 31.51
SR 3 12.72 43.16 0 . 00 5 5 . 88
SR 4 9.05 50.00 0.00 59.09
SR 5 6.49 15.72 0.00 22.22
SR 7 28.23 37.79 0.00 66.02
SR a 9.38 67.53 0.00 76.91
SR 9 17.67 29.7 0 0.00 47.37
SR10 10 ..73 54.58 0 . 00 65.32
SR11 20.91 37.92 0.00 58.83
SRI 2 39.19 34.77 0.00 73.96
SR13 5.67 32.62 0.00 38.29
SRI 4 15.16 52.37 0.00 67.53
SR15 32.92 19.76 0.00 52.68
SR16 4.61 62.75 0.00 67.36
SR17 21.14 35.01 0.00 56.15
SR18 15.65 18.60 0.00 34.26
SR19 .91 74.85 0.00 75.76
SR20 .92 77.19 5 . 04 83.16
SR21 11.02 34.52 30.22 75.76
SR22 1.78 45.13 37.18 84.09
SR23 9.09 40.14 30.42 79.66
SR24 20.53 43.84 11.89 76.26
SR25 8.87 60.47 9.58 78.92
SR26 2.0 8 61.96 36.25 100.28
SR27 1.86 79.63 0.00 81.49
SR28 1.56 81.88 0.00 83.44
SR30 1.38 84.05 0.00 85.43
SR31 7.33 68«66 5.00 80.98
SR32 .44 55.25 0.00 56.69
SR33 .01 41.89 23.42 65.32
SR34 1.43 85.2 0 10.74 97.37
S R3 5 .85 68.20 30.47 99.52
SR36 3.64 80.78 13.90 98.33
SR37 7.96 52.15 0.00 60.11
SR38 3.48 42.72 11.74 57.94
SR39 9.21 .0 0 0.00 9.21
SR4 0 1.23 4.32 14.14 19.69
AVGE 9.15 47.22 6.92 63.29

STD
DEVT 9.32 22.75 11.40 23.82
91
' I FRESH ROCK POTASSIC ALTERATION >20%
p r ^ T I PHILLIC ALTERATION >15% ARGILLIC ALTERATION > 0%
' PHILL,C ALTERATION >40% ARGILLIC ALTERATION >20%
BTyyjl POTASSIC ALTERATION >10%

th e S anta Rita mine
Table 26 C om position of g ran o d io rite from the Brenda mine
NO QTZ ORTHO FLAG BIOT ACT SER MONT KAOL CHL CAL EPI LEUC MAG HEM AP PT SPH
9 2 20.00 15.00 46.00 13.00 3.00 2.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.50 .00 .50 .25 .00 .00 .25 .30
8 V 25.00 1 5 . 00 3 8 . 00 7.00 10.00 1.00 0.00 3.00 0.00 • 00 3.00 .00 .50 .00 .00 .25 .25
8 5 22.00 10.00 46.00 2.00 14.00 .50 0.00 0.00 0.00 . 00 2.0 0 . 00 1 . 0 0 • 00 .00 • 00 1 . 5 0
Q 5 35.00 16.00 31.00 4.00 13.00 .50 0.00 0.00 0.00 .00 .00 2.00 .75 .00 .00 .00 .50
3 6 24.00 1 5 . 00 41.00 0.00 5.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 10.00 .00 6.00 .00 2.0 0 . 00 .00 .00 .00
8 9 20.00 8.00 47.00 10.00 11.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 .00 1.50 . 0 0 1 . 50 .00 .00 . 00 .00
9 9 22.00 15.00 41.00 5.00 10.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 .00 1 .0 0 .00 . 0 0 3 . 00 . 00
810 25.00 10 . 00 40.00 I P . 00 0.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 .00 2.00 1.00 . 00 .00 .00 2.00 .00
913 20.00 6.00 54.00 3.00 10.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 .00 .00 .00 1 .0 0 .00 .00 .00 .00
9 1 (*
20.00 8.00 47.00 10.03 7.00 2.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 .00 4.00 .00 2 .0 0 . 00 .00 -.00 .50
823 21.00 10.00 40.00 0.00 0.00 6.00 0.00 0.00 17.00 2.50 .50 1.00 .25 1.50 .03 .75 .00
823 22.00 20.00 40.00 0.00 0.00 3.03 0.00 0.00 2.00 5.00 .00 .50 .00 .50 .00 .00 .00
QPA 14.00 10.00 50.00 10.00 11.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 • 0.00 .00 2.00 0 . 00 1 . 5 0 .03 .00 .25 • 00
826 22.00 8.03 45.00 0.00 0.00 5.00 0.00 0.00 11.00 1.00 7.00 .50 .50 .00 .00 . 2 5 •.00
827 18.00 8.00 50.00 9.00 12.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 . 08 1.00 .00 .75 .00 .00 .53 .25
930 32.00 2.00 4 0 . 00 17.00 0.00 1.00 2.00 0.00 0.00 .50 1.00 1.00 • 25 .00 . 0 0 2 . 00 ' . 0 0
831 18.00 5.00 50.00 21.00 2.00 2.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 . 00 1.50 .00 .00 .00 .00 .25 .25
831+ 22.00 3.00 50.00 14.00 3.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 o.oo .00 1.50 .00 .50 .00 .00 .00 • 00
0 1 21.00 . 7.00 4 7.00 12.00 3.00 3.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 .50 .00 .50 . 00 • 00 .00 .75 .00
0 3 2 3 . 03 10.00 4 4 . 00 8.00 11.00 2.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 .00 1.00 .25 1.00 ' .00 .00 . 00 .00
3 6 24.00 25.00 4 0 . 00 0.00 0.00 2.00 0.00 0.00 7.00 1.00 4.00 .00 .00 .00 .00 .00 . 00
8 6 23.00 6.00 52.00 5.00 10.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 . 00 2.50 .00 1 . 0 0 .00 .00 .25 .50
8 7 25.00 10.00 42.00 15.00 5.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 .00 2.00 .00 1.00 .00 .00 . 00 .00
D ll 29.00 10.00 42.00 8.00 4.00 2.00 0.00 0.00 2.00 .50 1.00 .50 . 75 .no .00 .53 .00
812 2 5 .0 0 20.00 35.00 7.00 10.00 1.00 •0.00 0 .00 0.00 .00 1.00 • 00 1 . 5 0 ♦ 00 .00 .00 .00
815 3 1 . 0 0 15.00 37.00 2.00 0.00 2.00 1.00 0.00 5.00 .25 5.00 .50 .25 .03 . 0 0 1 . 00 • 00
816 2 7 .0 0 24.00 3 4 . 00 8.00 5.00 .50 0.00 0.00 0.00 .00 • 50 .00 .50 .00 .00 . 2 5 -.00
817 2 2 .0 0 8.00 46.00 9.00 11.00 0.00 2.00 0.00 0.00 .00 .50 .00 1 .5 0 .00 .00 .00 .25
818 2 3 . 0 0 3.00 51.00 10.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.50 .25 9.00 .75 . 00 .00 .00 • 00 .00
019 2 3 . 0 0 8.00 52.00 9.00 6.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 .00 .00 .00 1.0 0 .00 .00 .00 .00
82 0 2 2 . 0 0 15.00 4 4 . 00 O. TI O 0.00 6.00 2.00 0.00 7.00 2.00 .00 1.00 .75 .00 .03 .25 .00
821 2 4 . 0 0 6.00 47.00 15.00 .50 2.00 0.00 0.00 - 0.00 .50 5.00 .00 . 50 • 00 .00 .CO .00
822 2 5 . 0 0 6.00 54.00 8.03 3.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 .00 .50 .25 .75 .00 .00 .00 .50
825 2 5 . 0 0 27.00 35.00 0.00 0.00 8.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 .00 .00 1.40 .00 .50 .00 2.00 ' .00
923 2 4 .0 0 7.00 46.00 8.00 5.00 1.00 4.00 0.00 1.00 .00 2.00 .30 1 .5 0 . 00 . 00 ,00 .50
8.00 48.00 5.00 10.00 0.00 4.00 0.00 0.00 ••00 1.00 .00 .75 .00 .00 . 00 .25
029 2 3 . 0 0
10.00 51.00 6.00 3.00 2.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 .00 2.00 .00 .25 .00 .00 .00 .25
832 25.00
49.00 10.00 2.00 4.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 .00 2.00 .00 .50 .00 .0 3 • .0 0 .50
833 2 4 . 0 0 8.00
to
N>
Table 2 7 . A lteration norm of g ran o d io rite from the Brenda mine
NO 0 TZ ORTHO AL8 I T AN 0 RT B I O T MUSC PY CPY MAG ACT HYP SPH RUT HEM KAOL COR
B 2 18.97 13.33 27.19 16.64 13.65 0.00 • 45 .89 0.00 0.00 8.03 .59 .26 0.00 0. 0 0 0.00
B 4 25.93 8.98 24.67 1 7 . 6 3 1 8 . 86 1.67 .45 .78 • 70 0.00 0.00 .34 C. 0 0 0.00 0.00 0.00
8 5 20.66 10.96 29.70 17.76 15.81 0.00 • 00 .07 1.41 3.12 0.00 .51 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
B 3 24.03 9.69 29.88 18.76 12.94 0.00 • 00 .57 2.84 .93 0.00 .34 0.00 • 0.00 0.00 0.03
B 9 18.55 12.17 31.68 18.19 5.74 0.00 .00 .28 2.17 5.11 5.39 .70 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
059 2 0 . 6 6 19.68 28.68 16.07 0.00 0.00 4.88 1.73 o.ob . C6 5.94 .34 0.03 .95 0.00 0.00
BI O 2 4 . 5 1 0.00 26.89 10.92 15.15 12.44 3.44 • 16 0 . 00 O. CO 0.00 0.00 .21 0.00 5.93 .29
B 13 2 3 . 0 7 5.84 31.89 18.97 17.48 0.00 .00 .01 1.40 0.00 .93 0.00 .17 0.00 0.00 .24
01 4 2 2 . 01 2.76 30.36 2 1 . 2 6 1 7 . 89 2.41 .00 .03 2.78 0.00 0.00 .50 0 . 00 0.00 0.00 0.00
823 24.11 0.00 29.26 1 3 . 09*1 6 . 7 7 13.40 1.35 .15 . 15 O. CO 0.00 1.01 0 . 30 0.00 .53 O. CO
023 24.59 17.75 32.10 10.15 8.90 5.77 .00 .03 0.00 0.00 0.00 .71 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
024 16.80 11.61 31.79 18.81 8.63 0.00 .00 .07 2.10 4.19 4.99 1.02 0 . 00 0.00 0.00 0.00
026 21.67 0.00 32.92 12.12 20.65 0.00 .42 .24 • 65 .43 0.00 1.26 0 . 00 0.00 9.63 0.00
027 20.29 7.99 29.38 19.76 18.57 0.00 .90 .49 1.05 0.00 .92 .28 .36 0.03 0.00 0.00
830 30.37 0.00 22.52 10.22 12.49 17.36 3.46 1.16 .33 0.00 0.00 1.62 0 . 00 0.00 .47 0 . 01)
931 19.38 3.50 30.26 17.81 24.46 2.42 .46 .31 0 . 00 0.00 0.00 1.39 0 . 03 0.00 0.00 0.00
034 20.76 7.59 30.26 18.33 17.68 0.00 . 00 .29 .69 O. CO 3 . 14 .32 .45 0.00 0. 00 0.00
0 1 24.41 13.24 29.34 16.16 13.55 0.00 1.35 .71 0. 00 0.00 1.00 0 . 00 .17 0.00 0.00 .03
0 3 24.14 9.71 31.46 16.48 14.80 1.22 .00 .23 1.44 0 . CO 0.00 .52 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
B 6 22.38 18.95 28.57 11.72 12.85 4.72 • 00 .46 0.00 0.00 0.00 .34 0.00 0 . CO 0.00 0.00
B 6 25.63 10.40 35.70 15.70 7 . 19 0.00 .46 .19 1.41 0.00 ' 2.39 0.00 .11 0.00 0.00 .83
B 7 25.29 15.46 30.53 14.71 9.28 0.00 .00 •64 1.45 0.00 2.29 0.00 .12 0.00 C . 00 .23
011 30.54 10.53 31.77 1 2 . 3 9 1 1 . 08 .m i .47 1.11 1 . 09 0.00 0 . 00 .14 .07 0.00 0.00 O. CO
812 25.58 12.96 30.14 15.45 12.36 0.00 .00 .04 2.15 .97 0.00 .35 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
B 15 30.17 13.44 29.89 12.46 10.46 . .57 1.83 •4 3 .36 0.00 0.00 .34 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
016 28.14 10.98 31.15 13.46 13.42 1.13 .46 .33 .71 0 . 00 0.00 .17 .06 0.00 0.30 0.00
817 25.54 13.62 34.72 13.65 7.96 0.00 • 00 .54 2 . 14 1.50 0.00 .34 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
B 13 26.47 2.86 37.61 1 6 . 1 8 1 4 . 72 1.50 • 00 .04 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 .11 0.00 0.00 .50
019 24.35 12.74 36.91 13.66 8.13 0.00 .00 .01 1.42 0.00 1.82 0.00 .11 0.00 0.00 .85
020 25.30 8.17 34.99 13.49 11.47 4.59 .45 .16 1 . 04 0.00 0.00 .34 0.00 0.00 0 . 00 0.00
021 22.85 2.69 38.51 8.81 12.60 13.46 .00 .06 .69 0 . 00 0.00 .34 0.00 0.00 0.00 O. CO
022 25.99 8.90 36.31 12.76 11.39 2.24 . 00 .51 1.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 .11 0.00 0.00 .74
B 25 27.97 8.87 25.49 9.39 12.19 12.83 1.86 .30 0 . 00 0.00 0.00 1.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
023 25.92 2.85 37.35 6.92 8.42 14.84 .00 .38 2.02 0.00 0.00 1.30 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
02 9 25.31 7.17 34.91 11.39 12.19 6.69 .00 .23 1.07 0.00 0.00 1.04 0 . 00 0.00 0.00 0.00
832 25.04 9.73 36.58 12.80 11.24 3.58 .00 .04 .35 0.00 0.00 .44 . .19 0.00 0.00 0.00
B 33 26.46 14.80 33.19 12.92 10.82 0.00 . 00 .07 .70 0.00 .37 0.00 .34 0 . 00 0.00 .32
to
GO
94
it o ccu rs it am ounts to about 1 p e rc e n t of th e ro c k . Sphene is th e only
o th er a c c e s s o ry m in e ra l.
A lteration in both p a rts of th e m ine is n e v er e x te n siv e b e c a u s e
it is alw ay s re la te d to v e in s and th e ir im m ediately a d ja c e n t a r e a s . Four
v ein s ta g e s h av e b een rec o g n ize d w ithin th e m ine: (1) e arly b io tite -
cha 1c o p y rite -p y rite v e in s w ith m olybdenite and seco n d a ry o rth o c la s e ,
(2) q u a rtz -o rth o c la s e -c h a lc o p y rite -m o ly b d e n ite -p y rite v e in s enveloped
by seco n d ary o rth o c la s e , (3) q u a rtz -c a lc ite -m o ly b d e n ite -c h a lc o p y rite -
p y rite v e in s w ith a rg illic a lte ra tio n (k a o lin ite , s e r ic ite , m o n tm o rillo n ite),
and (4) u n m in eralized e p id o te - c a lc ite - b io tite v e in s . Except for sta g e 3 ,
w here th e v e in s c an be more th a n 1 foot w id e , m ost v e in s are u s u a lly
le s s th an 1 inch w id e . S tage 3 v e in s are ra re . The to ta l a lte ra tio n of a
sam ple is b a re ly n o tic e a b le o u tsid e th e v ein i t s e l f . M olybdenite is s ig
n ific a n tly more abundant in th e e a s te rn g ra n o d io rite , w h ile c o n v e rse ly ,
c h alco p y rite show s no p re fe re n tia l d is trib u tio n .
In c o n s is te n c ie s b etw een th e mode (Table 26) and th e norm
(Table 2 7 ) o rig in a te from th e fa ilu re to form a c tin o lite in th e norm in su f
fic ie n t am ounts and a ls o from th e p re s e n c e of q u a rtz —K -fe ld sp a r v e in s
in B4, B8, BS, B15, B16, and B20. T otal p o ta s s ic a lte ra tio n (Table 28)
is w e a k . It a v e ra g e s 11 p e rc e n t w ith a sta n d ard d e v ia tio n of 5 p e rc e n t.
There is little p h y llic a lte ra tio n , a v erag in g 11 p e rc e n t w ith a sta n d ard
d e v ia tio n of 8 p e rc e n t. S till, p h y llic a lte ra tio n is more e x te n siv e in B20
through B30, forming a n o rth w e st-tre n d in g band in th e northern p art of
th e m ine (F ig. 32). This band runs p a ra lle l to a zone w ith le s s e r am ounts
of seco n d ary b io tite and o v e rla p s it (O saten k o , 1972).

Table 28. Summary of a lte ra tio n of g ran o d io rite from the Brenda
mine

B 9 • 35 .0 0 0 .0 0 .3 5
B 2 1 2 .2 7 1 .0 7 0 .0 0 1 3 .3 4
B 4 1 7 .1 2 1 1 .6 6 0 .0 0 2 8 .7 8
B 5 1 2 .4 5 2 .5 9 0 .0 0 1 5 .0 4
8 8 1 0 .3 9 6 .7 3 0 .0 0 1 7 .1 2
B69 1 1 .4 0 8 .5 8 0 .0 0 1 9 .9 7
BIO 1 1 .7 5 2 6 .8 1 8 .6 4 4 7 .2 0
B13 1 4 .4 3 5 .5 5 0 .0 0 1 9 .9 8
B14 1 5 .6 9 7 .2 0 0 .0 0 2 2 .8 9
B23 1 3 .7 2 2 4 .9 2 .7 7 3 9 .4 1
B23 1 0 .7 6 1 4 .4 9 0 .0 0 2 5 .2 5
B24 3 .6 8 .0 0 0 .0 0 3 .6 8
B26 1 8 .5 9 4 .3 5 1 3 .9 1 3 6 .8 5
B27 1 6 .3 6 3 .2 4 0 .0 0 1 9 .6 0
B30 9 .9 2 4 0 .0 7 .6 7 . 5 0 .6 6
B31 2 3 .3 7 4 .5 5 0 .0 0 2 7 .9 2
834 1 5 .0 9 2 .7 0 0 .0 0 1 7 .8 0
B i 1 1 .8 3 8 .8 4 0 .0 0 2 0 .6 7
B 3 1 1 .5 5 8 .3 6 0 .0 0 1 9 .9 1
B 6 1 7 .7 2 1 0 .4 9 0 .0 0 2 8 .2 1
B 6 2 .0 1 9 .2 4 0 .0 0 1 1 .2 6
B 7 9 .1 7 8 .2 7 0 .0 0 1 7 .4 4
B ll 8 .9 9 1 6 .2 9 0 .0 0 2 5 .2 7
B12 9 .1 4 8 .6 3 0 .0 0 1 7 .7 7
B15 8 .0 6 1 7 .2 1 0 .0 0 2 5 .2 7
B16 9 .8 3 1 3 .7 2 0 .0 0 2 3 .5 5
817 5 .1 6 8 .5 7 0 .0 0 1 3 .7 4
B18 1 1 . 07 1 1 .5 7 0 .0 0 2 2 .6 4
819 3 .6 3 7 .1 2 0 .0 0 1 0 .7 5
B20 7 .2 3 1 4 .4 6 0 .0 0 2 1 .7 0
021 8 .4 8 2 1 .8 0 0 .0 0 3 0 .2 8
B22 7 . 56 1 1 .8 8 0 .0 0 1 9 .4 4
B25 8 .2 9 2 9 .6 6 0 .0 0 3 7 .9 5
028 3 .7 4 2 7 .2 7 0 .0 0 3 1 .0 1
829 8 .2 1 1 6 .5 0 0 .0 0 2 4 .7 1
B32 6 .8 1 1 2 .3 6 0 .0 0 1 9 .1 6
B33 9 .5 5 9 .7 1 0 .0 0 1 9 .2 6
fiVGE
o
(VI
1 1 .8 0 .6 5 2 2 .8 6
STD
DEVI 4 .8 0 8 .8 1 2 .6 2 1 0 .2 4
96
fresh rock U l l l l POTASSIC ALTERATION >10%
PHYLUC ALTERATION >10% POTASSIC ALTERATION >20%
lr*vV:’:*;] PHYLL1C ALTERATI0N > 2 5 % ARGILLIC ALTERATION > 0%

the Brenda mine ‘
97
Thompson C reek D ep o sit
The sto c k at Thompson C reek is b e lie v e d to be an ap o p h y sis or
cupola from th e Idaho b a th o lith (R oss, 1937), w h o se com position is in
term ed ia te b etw een g ran o d io rite and quartz m onzonite (C h o a te , 1962).
The Thompson C reek sto c k w ill be referred to a s g ran o d io rite b e c a u s e
th e fre s h e s t r o c k s , T C 7, T C 8, T C 10, and T C 11, h av e th e co m position
of a g ra n o d io rite , even though th e o v e ra ll ch em ical com position is in te r
m ed iate b etw een th e tw o . M odal and norm al m ineralogic co m p o sitio n s
are g iv en in T ables 29 and 30.
The rock is h o lo c ry s ta llin e , rath e r e q u ig ran u lar medium g ra in e d ,
w ith fin er g rain s tow ard its m argin (TC6 through T C 10, and w ith q uartz
p h e n o cry sts tow ard th e c e n te r (TC29 through T C 3 4 ). In th e la tte r a re a ,
th e rock com position is a ls o approaching th a t of a q u artz m onzonite
(Fig. 12). The te x tu ra l ch an g e f lu c tu a te s . The fre sh rock h o ld s 40 to 45
p e rc e n t a n d e sin e (33% An), 25 to 30 p e rc e n t q u a rtz , 10 to 15 p e rc e n t b io -
t i t e , and 10 p e rc e n t o rth o c la s e . The p la g io c la s e form s su b h ed ral c ry s
t a l s . O rth o cla se and quartz are a n h e d ra l, e x ce p t for th e quartz
p h e n o c ry sts th a t are su b h ed ral to a n h e d ra l. B iotite h a s a fin e -g ra in e d
su b h ed ral h a b it. M yrm ekite is common th ro u g h o u t.
A lteration m inerals in clu d e seco n d ary o rth o c la s e , se co n d a ry
q u a rtz , seco n d ary b io tite , s e r ic ite , k a o lin ite , and m o n tm o rillo n ite .
C h lo rite w as found in only five o c c u rre n c e s , c a lc ite in tw o , and ep id o te
in o n e , am ounting e ach to le s s th a n 2 p e rc en t of th e ro c k . S e ric ite ,
m o n tm o rillo n ite, and k a o lin ite are common rep la ce m e n t m in erals of
p la g io c la s e . S e ric ite is th e o n ly m ineral w hich becom es som ew hat
a b u n d a n t, and th e n it is re la te d to q u a rtz w ith or w ith o u t m olybdenite or

Table 2 9 . C om position of g ran o d io rite from the Thom pson C reek d e p o sit
NO QTZ ORTHO FLAG BIO T ACT SER MONT KAOL CM. CAL EPI • L E U C M AG HEM AP PY
TC 1 26.00 25.00 30.00 0.00 0.00 ft. 00 6.00 2.00 1.00 .00 .00 1.00 .03 * 25. .00 .00
TC 2 26.30 25.00 35.00 1.00 0.00 10.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 .00 .00 1.00 .00 .25 .00 • 00
TC 3 27.00 32.00 0 . 00 0.00 0.00 15.00 5.00 20.00 0 . 0.0 • 00 • 00 1.03 .00 .50 .00 .00
TC 4 28.00 27.00 27.00 2.00 0.00 f t . 00 3.00 2.00 0.00 • 00 .00 .50 .00 .50 .00 2.30
TC 5 35.00 45.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 21.00 0.00 0.00 0.0 0 • 00 .00 .00 • 00 1 . 0 0 .00 • .00
TC 6 28.00 37.00 5.00 f t . 00 0.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 2.00 .00 .00 .00 .00 2.09 .00 . 00
TC 7 29.00 6.00 43.00 16.00 0.00 0.00 3.50 0.00 0.00 .00 • 00 .00 .00 • 53 .00 .00
TC 8 27.00 10.00 40.00 11.00 0.00 1.0 0 f t . 00 2.00 0.00 1.00 .00 .00 .30 .00 .00 • 00
TC 9 30.00 15.00 29.00 ft . 00 0.00 6.00 0.00 12.00 0.00 .00 .00 .50 • 03 • 30 .00 • 00
T C 10 30.00 f t . 00 40.00 10.00 0.00 4.00 2.00 6.00 0.00 .00 .00 .00 .00 .00 .00 • 00
T C 11 30.00 10.00 42.00 10.00 0.00 0.00 7.00 0.00 0.00 . 00 ,00 .00 .00 .00 .00 • 00
T C 12 60.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 35.00 0.00 0.00 0 . 00 • 00 .00 • 00 • 00 .00 .00 5.00
TCI 3 31.00 12.00 3 5 . 00 12.03 0.00 2.00 6.00 0.00 0.0 0 .00 • 00 .00 • 00 • 00 .0 0 • 00
TCI 4 36.00 30.00 12.00 6.00 0.00 2.00 7.00 7.00 •0 . 0 0 • 00 • 00 .00 .00 .00 .00 .25
T C 15 33.00 18.00 30.00 6.00 0.00 2.00 f t . 00 2.00 0.00 • 00 .o n .00 • 00 • 03 .00 .25
TCI 6 12.00 25.00 3 0 . 00 2.00 0.00 2.00 6 . 00 3.00 0.30 • 00 00 .00 .00 • 00 .00 • 03
T C 17 40.00 22.00 20.00 5.00 0.00 3.00 6.00 4.00 0.0 0 .00 .00 .50 .00 .00 .00 .03
T C I ft 39.00 20.00 19.00 6.00 0.00 3.00 9.00 4.00 0.00 • 00 .00 .30 .00 .00 .00 • 00
T C 19 38.00 25.00 28.00 5.00 0.00 0.00 4.00 0.00 0.00 . 00 .00 .00 .00 .00 .00 ••.00
T C 20 50.00 f t . 00 3.00 5.00 0.00 6.00 25.00 0.00 0 . 00 • 00 .03 .00 • 00 .00 .00 3.00
T C 21 42.00 0.00 24.00 0.00 0.00 15.00 1 f t . 00 0.00 0.00 • 00 .50 • 00 .00 .30 .00 .25
T C 22 33.00 0.00 47.00 0.00 0.00 20.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 .00 .00 .00 .00 • 00 .00 .00
T C 24 38.00 25.00 22.00 5.00 0.00 5.00 5.00 0.00 0.00 .00 .00 • 00 .00 • 00 .00 .25
T C 25 32.00 12.00 26.00 15.00 0.00 3.00 12.00 o .eo 0.00 .00 .00 .00 .00 .00 .00 .00
T C 26 28.00 28.00 30.00 4.00 0.00 6.00 4.00 0.00 0.00 .00 • 00 • 00 .00 .00 .00 .00
TC27 33.00 20.00 3 0 . 00 5.00 0.00 6.00 6.00 0.00 0.00 • 00 .00 • 00 .00 • 00 .00 • 00
T C 2 ft 5 f t . 00 0.00 0 . 00 0.00 0.00 40.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 .00 .00 .00 .00 .00 .00 2.00
TC29 28.00 25.00 3 0 . 00 6.00 0.00 3.00 f t . 00 0.00 0.00 •♦00 .00 .03 .25 .00 .00 .00
T C 30 25.00 25.00 30.00 5.00 •0 . 0 0 6.00 6.00 2.00 0.00 .00 • 00 .00 .25 • 00 .00 • 00
T C 31 29.00 25.00 34.00 5.00 0.00 2.00 5.00 0.00 0 . 00 .00 .00 .00 .50 .00 .00 • 03
T C 32 30.00 32.00 30.00 3.00 0.00 2.00 3.00 0.00 0.00 • 00 .00 • 00 • 00 .03 .00 .50
T C 33 34.00 31.00 25.00 5.03 0.00 2.00 3.00 0.00 0.00 .00 .00 .00 .25 .00 .00 • 00
TC34 33.30 30.00 30.00 7.00 0.00 2. 0 0 . 2.00 0.00 0.00 •."00 .00 • 00 .25 .00 .00 .00
CD
00
T able 3 0 . A lteration norm o f g ran o d io rite from the Thom pson C reek d e p o sit
NO Q TZ ORTHO AL6 IT ANORT B I O T MUSC PY CPY MAG ACT HYP SPH RUT HEM K AOL COR
TC 1 28.07 20.69 24.54 4.34 2.42 19.04 .00 .02 .53 0.00 0.00 .35 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
TC 2 26.60 23.87 25.02 6.58 2.26 14.57 .00 .01 . 5k 0.00 0.00 .36 0.00 o.co 0.00 0.00
TC 3 25.12 30.17 27.14 4.65 4.96 6.52 .00 .02 1.06 0.00 0.00 .35 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
TC 4 27.03 31.07 19.81 4.62 .97 16.21 1.02 .02 0.00 0.00 0.00 .25 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
TC 5 3 5 . 11 31.36 2.04 0.00 1 . 53 28.71 .00 • 01 .01 0.00 0 . 00 .17 .06 1.00 0 . 00 0.00
TC 6 30.72 21.80 12.03 3.22 1 0 .55 21.29 • 00 .00 0.00 0.00 0.00 .35 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
TC 7 23.68 8.53 31.26 11.23 8.93 10.96 .00 .00 0.00 0.00 0.00 .27 .08 0 . 00 0.00 0.00
TC 8 25.72 .42 35.10 10.74 12.13 15.57 .00 • 01 0.00 o . no 0.00 0.00 .17 0 . 00 0.00 .15
TC 9 31.20 10.90 25.97 5.39 8.40 17.80 .00 • 01 0 . 00 0.00 0 . 00 .34 0.00 0.00 0 . 00 0.00
T C 10 32.39 4.94 27.36 7.85 9.72 17.34 .00 • 00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 .22 0.00 0.00 .17
T C 11 31.56 6.87 30.18 10.21 10.84 9.81 • 00 .00 0 . 00 o.co 0.00 .52 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
TC12 53.21 1.10 .49 0.00 2.54 34.69 7.67 .01 0.00 0.00 0.00 .25 .03 0.00 0.00 0.00
TC13 30.66 21.88 23.71 6.34 8.85 7.87 .00 • 01 0 . 00 0 . 0.0 0 . 00 .68 0 . 00 0 . 00 0.00 0.00
TC 1 4 38.38 31.09 8.36 .99 5.56 10.60 .47 .02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 .12 0.00 0.00 4.40
TC 1 5 32.54 21.76 19.37 2.58 7.13 15.91 .46 .01 0.00 0.00 0.00 .24 0 . 00 0.00 0.00 0.00
T C 16 39.58 11.93 24.98 4.52 5.99 12.80 .00 .01 0.00 0.00 0.00 .25 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 00 0.00
TC 1 7 47.29 26.11 16.15 2.84 5.41 2.02 • 00 • 01 • 0 . 00 0.00 0.00 .18 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
T C 18 43.55 25.74 15.86 3.50 5.80 5.26 .00 .01 0 . 00 0.00 0.00 0.00 .06 0.00 0.00 .22
TC 1 9 41.62 14-27 20.97 5.92 7.63 9.22 .00 .01 0 . 00 0.00 0.00 .35 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
T C 20 48.62 11.73 9.24 1.10 1.59 22.59 4.87 .01 0.00 0.00 0.00 .24 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
T C 21 47.50 11.64 17.53 5.58 7.47 9.44 .48 .01 0.00 0.00 0.00 .36 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 . 00
TC22 25.82 0.00 44.68 • 93 5.01 20.96 • 00 .00 0 . 00 0.00 0.00 .23 0.00 0.00 2.37 0.00
TC24 39.52 25.28 15.17 6.28 8.40 4.48 .49 .01 0.00 0.00 0.00 .36 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
TC25 36.06 1.12 23.42 5.71 12.47 20.21 .00 .00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
TC26 36.20 6.51 28.06 9.90 9.57 9.16 .00 • 00 0.00 0.00 0 . 00 .10 . 30 0 . 00 0.00 0.00
TC27 36.32 12.18 23.45 5.36 8.22 14.12 • 00 .01 0 . 00 0.00 0.00 .34 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
T C 28 48.64 0.00 1.05 o.co 2.08 43.71 3.06 .01 0 . 00 o.co 0.00 .24 .03 0.00 1.18 0.00
T C 29 36.46 17.52 22.70 5.46 6.33 10.91 .00 .01 .36 0.00 0.00 .34 0.00 0 . 00 0.00 0.00
TC 30 34.96 17.69 21.07 4.74 5.40 14.45 .95 .01 .37 0 . 00 o.co .36 0 . 00 0.00 0 . 00 0.00
TC31 34.58 14.28 24.25 7.07 8.12 10.62 • 00 .01 .72 0.00 0.00 .35 0 . 00 0.00 0.00 0.00
T C 32 32.61 28.41 23.83 4.94 2.67 6.20 .96 • 01 0.00 o.co 0 . 00 .36 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
TC33 41.10 25.60 19.04 4.12 4.02 5.37 • 00 • 01 .36 0.00 0.00 .36 0 . 00 0.00 0.00 0.00
TC34 39.70 25.93 21.19 4.62 3.90 3.91 .00 .00 .37 0.00 0.00 .36 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
CD
CD
100
p y rite or both In T C I, T C 2, T C 3 , T C 5, T C I2 , T C 20, T C 21, and T C 28.
There Is p o s s ib ly a high p y r ite -q u a rtz -s e ric ite zone w hose geom etry is
not w ell o u tlin ed running through TCI 2, TC25, TC 28, and TC20 and is
re la te d to an u n id e n tifie d stru c tu ra l fe a tu re . S econdary o rth o c la s e se e n
in h a irlin e v e in le ts through th e rock becom es p e rv a siv e tow ard th e c e n
te r in TCI through T C 5, TC14 through T C 21, and TC29 through T C 34.
M inor seco n d ary b io tite is confined to v e in l e t s . Some leu c o x en e and
ru tile are found h ere and th e re w ith s e r ic ite , b u t th e y are not c o n s p ic
u o u s . They are n e v e rth e le s s more common w ith h e m a tite in w eath ered
sam p les TCI through T C 6.
D iffere n ce s b etw een th e mode (Table 29) and th e norm (Table
30) o rig in a te from q u a rtz -p y rite v e in s in TC10, TC 11, T C 15, TC17,
T C 18, T c20, and TC28 and q u a rtz —K -fe ld sp ar v e in s in T C 4, T C 7, TC 13,
T C I8 , T C 19, T C 25, T C 26, T C 29, T C 30, and T C 33. P o ta s s ic a lte ra tio n
in th e p re v io u sly d e lin e a te d zone is m o d erate, a v erag in g a lto g e th e r 14
p e rc e n t w ith a stan d ard d e v ia tio n of 11 p e rc e n t. P h y llic a lte ra tio n is
m oderate to strong w ith an a v erag e of 31 p e rc e n t and a sta n d ard d e v ia
tio n of 17 p e rc e n t. A rgillic a lte ra tio n is a lm o st n il (Table 31 and
F ig . 33).
Q u artz D iorite
Q uartz d io rite a t th e Si err it a m ine is a fin e -g ra in e d rock com
p o se d alm o st e n tire ly of p la g io c la s e , b io tite , a n tin o lite , and q u a rtz ,
w ith very m inor am ounts of o rth o c la s e , c h lo rite , s p h e n e , m a g n e tite ,
e p id o te , p y rite , and c h a lc o p y rite . M a g n etite is v ery fine g rain ed and
a v e ra g e s 2 p e rc e n t. The p la g io c la s e o c cu rs a s su b h e d ral to e u h ed ral

Table 31 Summary of a lte ra tio n of g ran o d io rite from the Thompson
C reek d e p o sit

TC 7 • 00 1 5 .3 7 0 .0 0 1 5 .3 7
TC 1 1 7 .8 1 2 6 .6 9 0 .0 0 4 4 .5 0
TC 2 2 2 .2 3 2 0 .4 3 0 .0 0 4 2 .7 1
TC 3 3 1 .9 0 9 .1 4 0 .0 0 4 1 .0 3
TC 4 3 1 .6 2 2 4 .1 7 0 .0 0 5 5 .7 8
TC 5 3 2 .0 3 4 9 .2 8 0 .0 0 8 1 .3 0
TC 6 2 0 .8 6 3 2 .7 2 0 .0 0 5 3 .5 8
TC 8 4 .4 9 2 1 .8 3 0 .0 0 2 6 .3 2
TC 9 3 .3 2 2 8 .5 0 0 .0 0 3 1 .8 2
TC10 1 .1 1 2 9 .5 2 0 .0 0 3 0 .6 3
T C il 2 .6 8 1 7 .8 0 0 .0 0 2 0 .4 8
TC12 .0 4 9 3 .7 9 0 .0 0 9 3 .8 3
TC13 1 8 .8 0 1 3 .8 0 0 .0 0 3 2 .6 0
TC14 3 1 .7 7 2 9 .1 3 0 .0 0 6 0 .9 0
TC15 1 8 .6 2 2 8 .3 8 0 .0 0 4 7 .0 0
TC16 4 .8 6 3 3 .2 3 0 .0 0 3 8 .0 9
TC17 2 4 .7 1 2 8 .9 3 0 .0 0 5 3 .6 4
TC18 2 4 .4 9 2 8 .2 3 0 .0 0 5 2 .7 1
TC19 8 .1 3 3 1 .0 8 0 .0 0 3 9 .2 6
TC20 4 .6 4 6 6 .4 7 0 .0 0 7 1 .1 1
TC21 4 .5 5 4 0 .3 0 0 .0 0 4 4 .8 4
TC22 .4 9 2 9 .3 8 3 .7 7 3 3 .6 5
TC24 2 3 .5 0 2 2 .1 6 0 .0 0 4 5 ,6 6
TC25 4 .9 7 3 8 .6 9 0 .0 0 4 3 .6 6
TC26 .9 1 2 3 .6 8 0 .0 0 2 4 .5 8
TC27 5 .1 4 3 0 .5 2 0 .0 0 3 5 .6 6
TC28 .0 6 9 3 .5 7 1 .8 9 9 5 .5 1
TC29 1 3 .8 3 2 6 .0 8 0 .0 0 3 9 .9 1
TC30 1 3 .7 9 3 0 .4 1 0 .0 0 4 4 .2 1
TC31 9 .1 1 2 3 .1 8 0 .0 0 3 2 .2 9
TC32 2 7 .9 0 1 5 .5 7 0 .0 0 4 3 .4 7
TC33 2 4 .6 8 2 4 .9 4 0 .0 0 4 9 .6 2
TC34 2 5 .2 9 2 0 .9 4 0 .0 0 4 6 .2 3
AVGE 1 3 .8 9 3 1 .7 5 .1 7 4 5 .8 2
STD
DEVT 1 1 .1 6 1 8 .8 0 .7 1 1 8 .1 0
102
I *:»*.•V.*l •‘HYLLIC ALTERATION > 1 5 % 11 M | I POTASSIC ALTERATION >10%
PHYLLIC ALTERATION >35% f ] ||||||||| POTASSIC ALTERATION >20%
Figure 3 3 . D istrib u tio n of norm ative a lte ra tio n a sse m b la g e s a t

th e Thompson C reek p ro sp e c t
103
eq u ig ran u lar la th s of a n d e sln e (40% to 45% An). Q uartz is fine g ra in e d ,
a n h e d ra l, and in te r s titia l. B iotite o c cu rs a s f l a k e s , and h ornblende a s
e lo n g a te , eu h ed ral to su b h e d ral c r y s t a l s . P la g io c la s e is only s lig h tly
a lte re d to m o n tm o rillo n ite, ra re ly to kao lin it e , w hich to g e th e r amount to
l e s s th an 5 p e rc e n t. Secondary b io tite re p la c in g prim ary b io tite and horn
b len d e is common and am ounts to 1 to 5 p e rc e n t of th e ro c k . Secondary
o rth o c la s e re p la c e s a n d e sin e along v e in le ts . In 8 4 , S 9 , and S 2 0 , larg e
v e in s are re s p o n sib le for th e high o rth o c la s e c o n te n t, w hich g e n e ra lly
d o es not a cco u n t for more th an 5 p e rc e n t. C h lo rite re p la c e s b io tite along
c le a v a g e and hornblende a s s o c ia te d w ith e p id o te . Although c h lo rite and
ep id o te are reco rd ed in a ll sa m p le s , th e y to ta l l e s s th a n 5 p e rc e n t of th e
ro c k . P yrite is th e m ost abun dant s u lfid e . C h a lc o p y rite is se co n d and
m olybdenite is alm ost a b s e n t. P yrite and c h a lc o p y rite o c cu r e x c lu s iv e
ly in q u a rtz v e in s , o ften w ith a rim o f seco n d a ry o rth o c la s e and w ith a
co n sp icu o u s b io tite -ric h d io rite band w ith m oderately a lte re d p la g io -
c la s e s on both s i d e s . A few c a lc ite v e in s cu t th e K -fe ld sp a r—p y rite -

c h a lc o p y rite -q u a rtz v e i n s .
The failu re to form h orn b len d e and th ere fo re th e pro d u ctio n of
more a n o rth ite p lu s q u a rtz -p y rite v e in s (S10 and S I 3) a cc o u n t for th e d i s
p a rity b etw een th e mode (Table 32) and th e norm (Table 3 3 ). P o ta s s ic
a lte ra tio n is g e n e ra lly w e a k , le s s th a n 10 p e rc e n t, although a K -feld sp ar
v e in d o es o ccu r in S 4 '. P h y llic a lte ra tio n is w eak a t l e s s th an 6 p e rc e n t,
ex ce p t in S9 (Table 34 and F ig . 27).

T able 3 2 . C om position o f q u artz d io rite from the S ie rrita mine
NO QTZ ORTHO F L A G BIOT ACT SER MONT KAOL CHL CAL EPI L E U C MAG HEM AP PY CPY SPH
S 4 1.50 2 . CO 4.00 .5.00 3.00 0.00 2.00 0 . 00 2.00 .00 5.00 . 0 0 1 . 00 • 00 .00 2.50 .2 5 1.00
S 4 6.00 20.00 30.00 20.00 0.00 1.00 12.00 0.00 0.00 • 00 2.50 .00 .00 .00 • 00 .75 .50 .00
S 5 2.00 4.00 42.00 20.00 25.0 0 0.00 3.00 0.00 .50 .00 2.00 .00 3 .0 0 .00 • 00 1.50 • 00 .00
S 9 1 0 . 0 0. 6.50 23.00 16.00 5.00 0.00 9.00 0.00 6 . 00 .00 6.00 .00 • 50 .00 1.00 8.00 • 00 • 00
S 9 10.00 35.00 30.00 0.00 0.00 2.00 5.00 0.00 10.00 .50 5.00 .00 . 00 .00 .00 2.50 • 00 • 00
S 10 3.00 6.00 24.00 28.00 15.00 0.00 4.00 0.00 2.00 .50 2.00 .00 1.00 .00 .00 9.99 ,00 .00
S ll 2.50 6.00 33.00 25.00 28.00 0.00 0.00 0 . 00 2.00 .00 1.00 .00 3.00 .00 .00 .50 • 00 .50
S12 2.00 10.00 35.00 20.00 25.00 3.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 .00 2.00 .00 3.0 0 .00 .00 .25 . 00 .00
S13 25.00 7.00 35.00 23.00 6.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.0 0 • 00 1.00 .00 3 .0 0 :oo • 00 1.00 • 00 • 00
S14 7.00 12.00 34.00 24.00 20.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 .00 1,00 .00 2.00 • 00 • 00 .50 • 00 .00
S15 6.00 10.00 27.00 23.50 27,00 0.00 1.50 0.00 3.00 .25 2.00 .00 2 .5 0 .00 • CO . 2 5 .00 .00
SI 6 5.00 15.00 2 5 . 00 21.00 25.00 0.00 2.00 0.00 3 . 00 • 00 2 . 00 .00 2.00 .00 • 00 .00 • 00 .00
S 17 4.00 6 . 00 3 3 . 00 26.00 25.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 • 00 .00 .00 2 .5 0 .00 .00 ,00 • 00 .00
S 18 5.00 5.00 31.00 22.00 28.00 0.00 3.00 0.00 2.00 • 00 1.00 .00 2 .5 0 .00 ,00 .00 • 00 1 . 5 0
S 19 6.00 1.00 32.00 30.00 20 . 0 0 0.00 2.00 0.00 1.00 .00 1.00 .00 1 .5 0 .00 .00 .25 ' . 00 1 . 0 0
S2 0 5.00 50.00 1 7 . 00 14.00 0.00 -0 .0 0 0.00 0.00 1.00 -.00 3.00 .00 .25 .00 .00 2.00 ' . 00 .00
104
Table 3 3 . A lteration norm of qu artz d io rite from the S ie rrita mine
NO ORTHO AL 9 I ANORT 9 I 0 T MUSC PY CPY HAG ACT HYP SPH RUT HEM KAOL COR CAL
QTZ
S 4 14.31 0.00 30.93 20.14 23.19 3.38 4.39 .13 1.36 0.00 0.00 1.32 0 . 00 0.00 .35 0.00 0.00
S 4 3.01 40.01 18.95 11.55 16.33 5.97 1.82 1.37 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 .79 0.00 0.00 .15 0.00
S 5 13.40 4.21 30.35 22.75 17.01 1.52 3.73 1.40 4.32 0.00 0.00 1.40 0.00 .21 0.00 0.00 0.00
S 8 13.28 7.23 32.13 19.36 16.33 0.00 8.92 .34 0.00 .35 0.00 1.37 0.00 .71 0.00 0.00 0.00
S 9 21.31 0.00 30.37 11.16 18.34 8.22 4.48 • 63 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.34 0.00 0 . 00 4.08 0.00 0.00
S 10 9.51 5.92 29.37 23.17 13.02 0.00 10.13 1.02 0.00 5.08 0.00 1.69 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.08
S il 9.25 9.61 3 0.65 21.59 14.04 0.00 .90 .17 4.21 7.74 . US 1.36 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 . 00
S 12 9.88 6.33 3 2 . 04 21.52 15.14 0.00 .00 • 14 4.23 9.31 0.00 1.36 0.00 0 . 00 0.00 0.00 0.00
s n 12.52 10.55 33.07 19.89 14.91 0.00 1.88 .71 2.91 1.81 0 . 00 1.76 0 . 00' 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
S 14 1 0 . 8 5 10.31 32.04 19.09 11.27 0.00 .95 .21 2.93 4.99 4.87 2.48 0.00 0 . 00 0.00 0.00 0.00
S 15 8.82 13.70 32.45 19.33 4.88 0.00 .48 .22 2.97 6 . 88 8.26 1.43 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 .57
S 16 9.19 9.57 31.82 20.72 9.63 0.00 .47 .18 4.37 12.30 0.00 1.76 0.00 0 . 00 0.00 0.00 0.00
s i r 17.19 5.06 30.46 20.20 18.55 0.00 .00 .25 3.62 3.26 0.00 1.40 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
S 18 3.29 13.94 33.69 23.00 0 .00 0.00 .00 .25 .37 .94 2 0 . 5 7 1.43 0 . 00 0 . 00 0.00 0.00 1.87
S 19 8.71 4.97 31.31 21.93 18.37 0.00 .46 .24 2.86 7.14 2.27 1.73 0.00 0 . 00 0.00 0.00 0.00
S 20 1 5 . 3 6 12.43 2 6.66 16.44 21.61 1.78 3.72 .25 • 36 0 . 0 0 0 . 0 0 1.39 0.00 ' 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
105
Table 3 4 . Summary of a lte ra tio n of q u artz d io rite from the S ie rrita
mine

S17 .31 .00 0.00 .31
S 4 5.77 9.38 .45 15.60
S 4 43.87 9.40 0 . 00 53.27
S 5 2.18 6.34 0 . 00 8.51
S 8 3.04 10.77 0.00 13.81
S 9 .82 20.32 5.25 26.39
S10 2.28 12.23 0.00 14.51
Sli 6.42 1.09 0.00 7.51
S12 2.51 .00 0.00 2.51
S13 7.49 2.27 0.00 9.76
S14 6.60 1.14 0.00 7 . 74
S15 10.71 .58 0.00 11.29
SI 6 6.57 .57 0.00 7.14
S18 11.04 .00 0.00 11.04
S19 .30 .56 0 . 00 .86
S20 12.91 6.64 0.00 19.55
AVGE 7.67 5.08 .36 13.11

STD
DEVT 10.09 5.78 1.27 12.25
GEOCHEMISTRY
In th e follow ing c h a p te r s , ro ck s w ith to ta l a lte ra tio n le s s th an
25 p e rc en t a re c o n sid e re d f re s h . As th e amount of a lte ra tio n is c a lc u
la te d a s th e sum of a ll a lte ra tio n m in erals in c a tio n p e rc e n t d ivided by
100 m inus th e am ount of q u a rtz in fresh rock tim e s 1 0 0 , th e to ta l am ount
of a lte ra tio n m in erals i s , in f a c t, le s s th a n 25 p e rc e n t. The minimum
amount of q u artz in fresh ro c k , su ch a s in th e q u artz d io rite a t S ie rrita ,
is 17 mole p e rc e n t, th ere fo re 25 p e rc e n t to ta l a lte ra tio n is d riv ed from
only 21 mole p e rc e n t a lte ra tio n m in e ra ls.
P o ta s s ic a lte ra tio n is c o n sid e re d to be th e m ost in te n s e , and
th e re is a d an g er of u n d e re stim a tin g its e ff e c ts . At M o re n ci, p o ta s s ic
a lte ra tio n is 21 p e rc e n t in one sam ple (M3 6) , w hen to ta l a lte ra tio n is
le s s th an 25 p e rc e n t. Even th e n th e a lte ra tio n m in erals a cc o u n t for only
1 5 .5 m ole p e rc e n t b e c a u s e th e re is 26 m ole p e rc e n t q u artz in fre sh ro c k .
S20, B5, B13, and B27 h ave 10 and 15 p e rc e n t p o ta s s ic a lte ra tio n w hen
to ta l a lte ra tio n is le s s th an 25 p e rc e n t. But w ith a minimum of 17 m ole
p e rc en t q u artz in th e fresh ro c k , a lte ra tio n m in erals am ount to only 1 2 .5
mole p e rc en t for 15 p e rc e n t p o ta s s ic a lte ra tio n . It i s p ro b ab le th a t in
c o n sid erin g fre sh ro ck s h aving le s s th a n 25 p e rc e n t a lte ra tio n , one is
w orking w ith ro ck s having, only w eak m in e ra liz a tio n .
T ab les 35 and 36 g iv e th e a v erag e a b u n d an c es of a ll e lem en ts
in a ll rock ty p e s com pared to a ll fresh ro c k s , to N o c k o ld s' (1954) v a lu e s
for th e m ajor elem en ts (Table 35), and to T urekian and W e d e p o h l's (1961)
fig u res for th e m inor ele m e n ts (Table 36). The follow ing elem en ts w ere
107
T able 35. C om parison o f av erag e c o m p o sitio n , m ajor e le m e n ts , of d ifferen t rock ty p e s an d th o se
re p o rte d by N ockolds (1954)
Rock Type and M ine S i0 2 AI2O3 k2o N cigQ CaO MgO FeO MnO T i0 2
G ran ite
C opper C itie s W hole ( 25) 7 5 .6 6 1 2 .5 6 5 .6 7 1 .6 3 0 .5 6 0 .7 6 2 .6 7 0 .0 2 0 .5 0

F resh ( 6) 7 5 .1 7 1 2 .7 5 5 .5 6 2 .4 5 0 .9 2 .63 2 .0 4 .02 .4 6
N o ck o ld s (1954) ( 72) 7 2 .0 8 1 3 .8 6 5 .4 6 3 .0 8 1 .3 3 .52 2 .1 0 .0 6 .37
Q u artz M onzonite
N ew C o rn e lia W hole ( 41) 68.71 1 5 .3 6 4 .2 0 3 .4 2 2 .5 7 1 .9 3 3 .2 7 0 .0 2 0 .5 2

F re sh ( 29) 68.43 1 5 .4 3 4 .1 6 3 .5 9 2 .6 7 1 .9 4 3 .2 4 .02 .52
M orenci W hole ( 38) 73.41 1 5 .4 9 4 .7 5 1 .9 1 .33 .62 3 .0 7 .02 .4 7
F resh ( 3) 7 0 .4 1 16.01 2 .1 0 5 .2 1 2 .1 9 1 .0 6 2 .4 2 .03 .4 9
S ie rrita W hole ( 23) 7 0 .6 0 1 5 .4 4 5 .7 9 3 /1 8 1 .4 7 .72 2.31 .02 .4 7
F resh ( 9) 7 0 .2 0 1 5 .4 1 4 .7 6 3 .3 9 2 .0 3 .95 2 .7 6 .02 .49
C opper C itie s W hole ( 18) 7 2 .5 5 1 4 .8 9 4 .6 5 3 .3 5 1 .5 5 .58 1 .8 8 .02 .5 2
F resh ( 17) 7 2 .3 9 1 4 .9 6 4 .6 7 3 .4 7 1 .6 0 .58 1 .8 9 .02 .51
M in eral Park W hole ( 35) 7 4 .6 8 1 5 .0 8 5 .8 2 .41 .05 . 66 2 .7 3 .02 .5 5
Q u a rtz M onzonite F resh ( 55) 6 9 .8 8 1 5 .3 3 4 .2 5 3 .6 1 2 .2 6 1 .3 7 2 .7 6 .02 .5 5
N o ck o ld s (1954) (121) 6 9 .1 5 1 4 .6 3 4 .5 8 3 .3 5 2 .4 5 .99 2 .8 7 .06 .5 6
108
T able 3 5 . C om parison o f av erag e c o m p o sitio n , m ajor e le m e n ts .— C ontinued
Rock Type and M ine S i0 2 AI2O3 k2o N a 2C CaO MgO FeO MnO T iC 2
G ran o d io rite
S anta Rita W hole ( 39) 7 3 .2 8 1 4 .8 7 5 .3 6 1 .1 4 0 .8 6 1 .0 6 2 .9 0 0 .0 5 0 .4 9

F resh ( 4) 6 6 .9 4 1 5 .6 7 3 .8 1 3 .1 4 3 .2 5 1 .8 3 4 .6 7 .08 .61
Brenda W hole ( 37) 6 7 .8 5 1 5 .8 0 3 .0 7 3 .6 5 3 .2 9 1 .9 2 3 .9 0 .0 8 .35

F re sh ( 24) 6 7 .7 8 1 5 .6 8 2 .9 8 3 .7 0 3 .5 5 1 .9 9 3 .9 5 .08 .31
Thom pson C reek W hole ( 33) 7 4 .6 2 1 4 .1 8 4 .8 1 2 .3 9 1 .1 2 .49 2 .1 6 .04 .2 0

F resh ( 3) 7 2 .4 4 1 5 .0 9 3 .1 1 3 .6 2 3 .2 7 1 .8 5 3 .9 0 .08 .3 7
G ran o d io rite F re sh ( 31) 6 8 .1 0 1 5 .6 6 3 .0 0 3 .6 6 3 .4 6 1 .8 6 3 .8 5 .08 .3 6
N o ck o ld s (1954) (137) 6 6 .8 8 1 5 .6 6 3 .0 7 3 .8 4 3 .5 6 1 .5 7 3 .4 9 .07 .5 7
Q u artz D iorite
S ie rrita W hole ( 16) 5 9 .3 5 1 7 .4 4 3 .2 0 3 .6 3 5 .3 4 3 .7 3 6 .4 0 0 .0 8 0 .8 2
N o ck o ld s (1954) ( 58) 6 6 .9 5 1 5 .5 6 1 .4 2 3 .9 0 4 .6 5 1 .9 4 3 .8 7 .08 .6 2
109
Table 36. C om parison of a v erag e c o m p o sitio n , m inor e le m e n ts , of d ifferen t rock ty p e s and
th o se rep o rted by T urekian and W edepohl (1961)
Rock Type and Mine Cu Mo Pb Zn N1 Cr V Zr Ba Be Sr Cl F
Granite
Copper C ities Whole ( 25) 3230 30 30 L 12 168 60 103 756 5 184 130 1120
Fresh ( . 6) 1100 20 30 N 10. 175 53 125 833 6 167 137 900
Turekian and Wedepohl (7 2 ) I .20 39 5 4 44 175 840 3 100 200 850
Quartz Monzonite
New Cornelia Whole ( 4 1 ) 3950 L 10 N 11 156 82 76 954 2 527 135 560

Fresh ( 29) 3030 N 10 N 11 159 83 77 983 2 579 138 550
Morencl Whole ( 38) 3670 .80 60 330 11 124 54 163 739 4 282 94 1160
Fresh ( 3) 780 20 167 10 100 63 90 1330 2 1167 127 330
Sierrita Whole ( 23) 1450 80 80 N 12 142 67 100 985 4 348 114 740
Fresh ( 9) 2000 120 10 N 12 144 64 87 678 5 378 125 880
Copper C ities Whole ( 18) 1780 120 20 N 11 164 59 128 978 4 628 160 740
Fresh ( 17) 1530 80 20 N 11 160 56 122 973 4 620 160 650
Mineral Park Whole ( 35) 2480 280 20 154 11 144 59 98 969 4 166 147 2170
Quartz Monzonite Fresh ( 5 5 ) 2340 40 10 • 9 11 154 72 91 950 3 589 142 620
Turekian and Wedepohl (121) • I 20 39 5 5 44 175 840 3 100 200 850
o
T able 3 6 . C om parison of a v erag e c o m p o sitio n , m inor e le m e n ts .— C ontinued
Rock Type and Mine Cu Mo Pb Zn Ni Cr V Zr Ba Be Sr Cl F
Granodiorite
Santa Rita Whole ( 39) 2580 110 20 85 14 141 91 87 1505 1 469 227 710
Fresh ( 4) 530 10 20 10 110 93 118 1175 4 925 342 480
Brenda Whole ( 37) 1090 280 10 59 13 117 106 48 1397 2 443 116 460
Fresh ( 24) 1090 330 10 51 13 110 98 . 42 1321 2 412 114 450
Thompson Creek Whole ( 33) 20 460 60 56 10 142 76 62 1155 6 612 71 800
Fresh ( 3) 10 250 10 45 10 133 70 150 1500 7 1000 82 880
Granodiorite Fresh ( 31) 850 250 10 44 12 112 95 63 1319 3 535 140 500
Turekian and Wedepohl (137) . 1 20 60 15 22 88 140 420 2 440 130 520
Quartz Diorite
Slerrita W hole ( 16) 1220 10 10 N 31 112 141 146 931 4 550 195 1170
Turekian and Wedepohl ( 58) 1 10 60 15 22 88 140 420 2 440 130 520
111
112
alm ost n e v e r d e te c te d above th e ir d e te c tio n lim its of 5 ppm for W and S c ,
10 ppm for B i, S n, B, N b, and Y, 20 ppm for Cd and L a, 100 ppm for Sb,
and 200 ppm for A s. The re s u lts of a n a ly s e s are g iven in A ppendix A.
T a b le s 37 through 48 show in a sim p lified form th e c o rre la tio n
c o e ffic ie n ts o f each rock ty p e p er m ine, of a ll fre sh r o c k s , and o f a ll
ro c k s . In e a c h ta b le , th e num ber 1 c o rresp o n d s to a co n fid e n ce le v e l of
99 p e rc e n t, th e num ber 2 to a 95 p e rc e n t le v e l of c o n fid e n c e , and th e
d o ts to c o e ffic ie n ts below th e 95 p e rc e n t le v e l of c o n fid e n c e . The sig n
in front of th e c o rre la tio n c o e ffic ie n t is th a t of th e slo p e of th e stra ig h t
lin e joining th e d ifferen t re p re s e n ta tiv e p o in ts a s com puted by th e le a s t
quare fit m eth o d . R eal v a lu e s of th e c o rre la tio n c o e ffic ie n ts are g iv en
in Appendix E .
M inor E lem ents
Beryllium , S trontium , and Barium
B e, S r, and Ba, along w ith M g, C a , and R a, c o n s titu te Group
IIA of th e p e rio d ic ta b le . T heir d iffe re n c e s in ra d iu s , e s p e c ia lly from Be
to Ba and Sr and th ere fo re th e ir io n ic p o te n tia ls , c o n stra in them to b e
have d iffe re n tly . Be is a netw ork form er and Ba and Sr are netw ork mod
ifie rs (Ring w o o d , 1955).
B e ca u se of th e w e a k n e ss o f th e Be—O b o n d , th e BeC>4 com plex
is u n sta b le a t m agm atic tem p era tu re s and Be sh o u ld b e c o n c e n tra te d in
re sid u a l m agm as ra th e r th a n in s ilic a te stru c tu re s (Ringwood, 1955).
According to H erm ann (1969), more Be is a c c e p te d in m u sco v ite of g ra n
itic rocks th a n in p la g io c la s e or in o rth o c ia s e . Ba sh o u ld c lo s e ly fo l
low K b e c a u s e of th e ir n e a rly id e n tic a l ra d ii of 1 .3 4 and 1 .3 3 A,

T able 3 7 . C o rrela tio n c o e ffic ie n ts of g ran ite porphyry from C opper C itie s
POT PHY ARG S I AL K ‘ CA NA FE MG TI H S F E 3 MN CU MO PS ZN NI CR V ZR BA BE St CL F 01 FF OEM

OEN • . -1 -1 . e • 2 e • • • • • • -2 • jL
FF • -1 e 1 • 1 1 -1 e -1 -2 • •• 1 • m • • • . . 1 1
or -1 -1 1 , 1 -1 -1 -1 -1 1 -1 1 2 • • • • . -i 1
CM
F 1 . -2 1 -1 1 1 2 2 -1 2 e -2 • e -2
CL • . • 1 2 -2 2 • -1 • . •
SR . . e -2 . *2 • -2 • 2 1 1 • 1
BE e • , -2 •* 2 -2 -2 2 1 -2 1 • • 1 1
BA e . . • « 1 • 2 1 1 *2 1
ZR • • • S • • , • • 1
V • • • • • 1 1 1
CR • • • -2 *2 -2 • -2 2 • 2 1
NI • • • • • • . 1
ZN # • e • •
PB • -1 • • 2 *1 -1 • -1 1 *1 -2 -2 1
MO • • ♦ -1 • -2 -i • • 2 1
cu 2 • • 2 -1 2 2 1 -1 . 1
MN *1
FE3 -1 • 2 -1 1 -1 -1 -i 1
S . 2 -2 2 -1 1 2 1
H 2 1 e -2 • -1 -l 1 • "l
II *1
MC 1 • -1 1 -2 1 1
FE l , -1 • -1 1
NA -2 -1 2 2 • 2 1
CA • -1 • 1 • 1
K • • • 2 1
AL . -1 • 1
SI -1 * 1.
ARC • .
PHY * 1
POT 1
Ca>
Table 3 8 . C o rrela tio n c o e ffic ie n ts of q u artz m onzonite from New C o rn elia
FE3 MM CU MO PB ZN NI CR V ZR BA BE SR CL F 01 FF OEM
CA NA FE MG TI H S
POT PHY ARC S I
.
AL K
* -2 . e • 1 1
OEM -1 •
1
-2
• 2 1 -2 . . -1 -1 1 *1 -1 -2 • 2 I I *11
FF -1 -1
1 • 1 -2 . -1 -1 -2 -1 . • 1 • • • 1
01 -1
1 -2 -2 1 1 • . , 1
F 2
2
•
! I -2 • • . 1
CL •
• I -2 1 • 1
SR -1
•
. 2 -2 • 1
BE
3A . -2 1 . 1 1 *1 1 *1 1 1
ZR -1 • 1 • 1 1 1
V • 1 •
-2 2 -2 . • *1
CR -2 *1 •
NI • -1 i . 1 *2 ~2 1
• * •
ZN
PB • -2 . *2 1
2 • -2 2 I 2 *2 1
MO
cu *2 1 -1 1 -2 -l 1 ' -1 -1 1
MM -2 -1 • • 1 2 1 -2 -1 1 1
F E3 -1 -2 2 -2 1 1 1 2 • -1 1
S 1 -1 1 -1 2 1
H 1 . -1 • -1 I *1
TI • • 1
MG • 2 • 1
FE *2 • • e 1
NA -1 -1 1 -1 1
CA -1 . • 1
K *1 • 1 -2 1
AL -1 » • 1
SI • 1
ARG •
PHY 1
POT *1
114
T able 3 9 . C o rrela tio n c o e ffic ie n ts of q u a rtz m onzonite from M orenci
PQ ZN M CR ' V ZR BA BE SR CL F 01 FF PEN
M( TI H S FES MN CU
POT PHY SI AL K CA NA FE
1 i
DEN -1 -1 -1 • • 2 •
-1 -1 I *1 -1 1 -2 -1 i "l
FF -1 1 -1 1 1 -1
-1 -1 *1 1 -2 • 1
01 -1 1 2 • 1 -1
1 -2 -2 1 -2 • 1
F 1 -2 -2 2 . 1
CL
SR -1
-2
-1 1 1 -2 -1 -1 *2 -2 1
BE e -2 1 1
PA -1 1 1 1 -1 -2 1 *1 -1
ZR *2 -2 • -2 -2
V
CR *1 -2 •
-2
HI
ZN *1 . 'l
P3 • 1 .
MO
cu 2 -1 . -1 1 -1
MN -2 -2 -2 1 2 e 2
FES 2 e • -1 -1 1
S *1 -1 -2 -1 i 1
H -1 1 -1 -1 2
TI i -1 1 1 •
MG -2 -1 2 -2 1 1 •
FE 1 -1 e -1 1
NA -1 1 -2 •1 1
CA -1 « -2 ' 1
K 1 *2 2 1
AL
SI 2
ARC
PHY -1
POT 1
115
T able 4 0 . C o rrela tio n c o e ffic ie n ts of q u a rtz m onzonite from S ie rrita
POT PHY ARC S I AL K CA NA FE MG TI H S FE3 MN CU MO PB 7N NI CR V ZR BA BE SR CL F oi FF DEN
tsj*4 *4
OEM - 1 2 -2 -1 -i 2 • • • • . -2 -2 -2 -2 -2 • • •
FF -1 -2 • • -1 1 1 1 • -1 • • • -2 • • •
01 1 1 * 1 -1 -1 -1 • -1 -2 • 2 . • •
F e 2 • 2 2 *2 . . • •
CL • • . 1 • 2 • . • 1
SR -2 2 1 . . 2 *1 . 1 1
BE 1 *1 *2 1 • # 1 1 . 1
BA *2 • *1 -2 • *2 -2 . 2 ~2 1 • 1
ZR 2 1 • * 1 i
V 2 2 2 1 • 1 * 1
CR . -1 • • . *1
NI . • • 2 2 1
ZN • • • .
PQ *2 • -2 • • .
KO • *1 "l • 2 1 *1
CU . 1 1 • 1 1
MN -2 • • 1 2 • #2 *1
F E3 • -1 • • -2 1
S -2 -2 . -2 1 1 2 • 1
H 1 • • • • *1
XI -2 -2 1 • 1 1
MG -2 • 1 1 1
FE -2 -2 . -2 1 1
NA • 2 • . "l
CA -1 -2 • -1 1
K 1 1 1
AL 1 -i . • 1
SI • 1
ARC e
PHY - 2 1
POT 1
<7>
T able 4 1 . C o rrela tio n c o e ffic ie n ts of q u artz m onzonite from C opper C itie s
POT PHY ARG S I AL K CA NA FE MG TI H S FE3 MN CU MO P8 ZN NI CR V ZR BA BE SR CL F DE N

DEN • 9 e • # e • -2 • • • . 1
FF • -1 1 2 1 . 1 • 2 2
or -2 -2 2 • • • • • •
F . -2 2 . • • 2 2 • 1
CL 2 • • • • • • 1
SR •1 . i 2 1 2 i
BE -2 2 . • • e 1
BA 1. . 1 *1 • 1
ZR 2 • 2 2 • e 1
V 1 2 1 i
CR -2 • • "l
MI 2 1 . 2 1
ZN •
PO 1
MO 1
CU -1 -2 2 2 . 1 -2 "l
MN • * • 1
FE3 -1 -1 -2 V
S -2 1 1
H -1 • • L
TI -2 • 1
MG -1 • 1
FE -2 -2 1
NA *2 1
CA 2 1
K .* 1
AL 1
SI -1 1
A»G •
PHY 1
POT *1
117
Table 4 2 . C o rrelatio n c o e ffic ie n ts of q u a rtz m onzonite from M ineral Park
K CA NA FE MG II H S FES MN CU MO PB ZN NI CR V ZR BA BE SR CL F FF OEM
POT PHY ARG S I AL
e 1 * -1 -2 1 -1 1 2 • •1 • -2 -2 -1 -2 2 1
OEM
FF -2
2 -2
-1
-2
1
-2
1 1 . • -1 -1 • • • -1 • -2 -1 • • • • *1
-1 e -1 -1 -1 • -1 -i • -2 -2 • • 2 •
01 -1 1 -2 1 2
2 1 • • 1 -2 2 1 1 -1 • • -2 • 1
F 1 -2
e -2 • • • e 2 • • • • 1
CL 1
-2 • 1 1 -2 1 -2 -2 1 2 1 2 1
SR -1 1 2
1
BE . •
1 -2 2 -2 2 1
BA
* 2 -1 -2 • 1 1 • 1 2 2 1
ZR 1
1 *2 -2 . • 1 1 • • 2 1 1 • 1
V
2 2 -2 -2 2 • -2 1 • -2 • 1
CR -2
-1 1 * . 1 1 • • 1 1
NI -2 *1
ZN 2 2 . 1 • • • 1 1 1
PB 2 . • 1 • • • 1 1 1
MO • 1
CU 2 -1 1 • • 1 • • 1
MN e 1 • 1 • • • 1
FE3 2 -2 • 1 2 -2 1
S 2 e 1 -2 -2 1 • • • 1
H 1 -1 1 -1 e • 1 1
TT 1 -2 1 -2 • • 1
MG -2 . . 2 1 • 1
FE *2 . -1 -2 • 1
NA -1 e • • 2 *1
CA . • • *1
K - i • • 1
AL . -1 1
SI -2 1
ARG -2 1
PHY -2 1
POT 1
118
Table 4 3 . C o rrela tio n c o e ffic ie n ts of g ran o d io rite from S anta Rita
TI H S FE3 MN CU MO PB ZN NI CR V ZR BA BE SR CL F 01 FF DEN
POT PHY ARC SI AL K CA NA FE MG
i -2 2 1 -2 -1 1 i
CEN -1 -2 -1 -2 -2 1 1 1
FF -1 -1 -i 1 1 1 1 "l -1 -2 1 1 -1 *2 -2 • I 1 *1 • I I i
1 -2 1 -1 1 -1 -2 -i -2 -2 -1 -1 • -2 1 -2 -1 •1 -2 • • 1
01
e 1 1 • • • • 2 1 1 • 2 • 2 • • 1
F -2 -2 2
CL *2 -2 2 -1 • -2 • • • • • •
-2 1 1 2 2 • • • -2 • • 1 1
SR -2 -1 -2
HE -1 -1 . -2 1 1 1 1 1 1 -1 -2 1 2 2 -1 • 1 1
OA 1 1 -2 -2 -2 • 1
ZR -1 2 -2 2 2 2 2 1 1 -2 • -1 • 1
V -2 -1 . 2 1 1 • • ~2 2 • 1
CR *2 1 -i 2 -1 -1 -2 -2 -2 -1 • • • • 1
HI -2 e • • • 1 1 • • • 2 1 1
ZN -2 • • 1 1 • * 2 • 1 1
P3 . -2 -1 • • • • 1 1 • 1 1 -2 1
NO e 2 e e • • • • e -2 • • 1 1
cu 1 2 e e . -1 -1 -2 -1 -2 1 1 -1 -1 1
MN -1 -1 • -2 i 1 1 1 • 1 1
FE3 -2 -2 -2 • • • 2 • 1 • -2 1 •
S 2 * -2 • • • • • * 1
H -1 1 *1 1 e -1 -i • -1 • *1
TI -2 -1 2 • 1 1 2 1 1
MG -1 -1 -1 • 1 1 1 1
FE -2 -1 -2 1 1 1
NA -1 -1 -2 1 1
CA -1 -1 -l 1
K 1 -1 2 1
AL -2 • - i ' 1
SI • 1 1
ARC. -2 e 1 •
PHY -2 1
POT 1
119
Table 4 4. C o rre la tio n c o e ffic ie n ts of g ran o d io rite from Brenda
TI H S FE3 MN CU MO PB ZN NI CR V ZR BA BE SR CL F 01 DEN
POT PHY ARG S I AL K CA NA FE MG
• • • • • 1 -2 • • • • • • • • 1
DEN -1 -1 -1 1 1 1
FF -1 -1 -1 e 1 2 • • • -1 -1 1 • -2 • • • • • • • •
-1 -1 -1 -1 • • • -1 • -2 • • •1 1
01 -1 -2 *1 1 -1 1 -l
F -2 -1 1 1 2 2 1 1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
CL • •
1 1 1 1 1 1 i 1
SR -2
-2 2 2 2 2 2 1
BE
1 1 1 1 1 1 1
0A
1 1 1 1 1 1
ZR • ;
v -1 -2 #1 2 1 2 1 1 1 1
1 1 • 1 1
CR
1 1 • 1
NI
ZN 2 -2 • • 1 i
*2 • • • • 1
P9 .
MO e -1 • • 1 1
cu e -i -1 • 1 • 1
MN 2 -1 2 ' 1 #i 1 • 1
F E3 -2 -2 -2 1 * • -2 1
S 1 -2 • -1 2 • • 1
H 1 1 *1 -1 -2 2 1 1
TI -i • 1 *2 1
MG 1 -1. -1 1 -1 1 1
FE 1 -1 1. -1 1
NA -1 • 1 -2 1
CA -1 -1 1
K • • -2 1
AL . • « 1
SI -1 . -l 1
ARG • . 1
PHY • 1
POT 1
Table 4 5 . C o rrela tio n c o e ffic ie n ts o f g ran o d io rite from Thompson C reek
PHY ARG S I AL K CA NA FE MG TI S FE3 MN CU MO NI V DA BE SR F 01 FF DEN
1 -1 -1 -2 -2 1 1 -2 -1 -2 2 -2 1
DEN
FF -1 2 -2 1 1 2 -2 -1 *1 *2 ! i -2 1
01 1 -1 1 1 -1 -1 -1 -2 -1 2 -1 1
1
F -2 1 -1 1 2
CL
SR -i -2 2 -1 -1
DE -2 •1
0A -1
ZR -1 -2 2 -1 i 1 -2
V 2 -2
CR -2
NI -2 1 2 2 -2 -1
ZN
P3 1 .
MO
CU 1 1 -1 -2
MN -l -1 1 1 1
FE3 1 1 -l
-2 . -1 1
X VI
-1 1 -i 2 .
TI -2 -2 *1
MG -1 -1 1
FE -1 2 2 -1
NA -1 1 -1 *1
CA -1 -2 -2 1
K 1 1
AL -2
SI 2
ARG .
PHY -2
POT 1
121
T able 4 6 . C o rrela tio n c o e ffic ie n ts of q u a rtz d io rite from S ie rrita
CA NA MG II H S FE3 MN CU MO PB ZN NI CR V ZR BA BE SR CL F 01 OEN
POT PHY ARC S I AL K FE
DEN -1 1 • • • # • • 2 • • • • 1
FF • -1
* e • e • • • • •
e . • • • • • • 1
PI 2 ,
2 2 • m 2 • -2 1
F
e -1 • -2 2 1 • 2 1
CL 1
*1 2 -2 *1 1 -1 1 • • 1
SR
• 2 • 1
BE
1 -2 -1 *2 • • *2 • 1 1 1
BA -2 *2 *1
2 2 2 , 2 . • • . 2 1
ZR
2 2 -2 2 1 . • • 1
V -2
~2 • 2 1 1
CR
NI • *2 • 2
•
1 -2 1
ZN •
PB *1 1 -1 -2 -2 *1 I -2 • 1
HO . • 1
CU 2 -2 -1
•
2 -2
1
1
MN 1 2
FE3 # 2 e -2 1
-2 • e * 1
VI
-1 • -2 • 1
2
TI 2 1 1 e e -2 • i
RG 2 • • 1
FE *1 -1 -1 • 2 1
NA -i 2 1
CA -1 1
K *1 1
AL 1
SI 1
ARC
PHY 1
FOT 1
122
Table 4 7 . C o rrela tio n c o e ffic ie n ts of 97 sa m p le s o f fre sh ro ck s
POT PHY ARC S I AL K CA NA FE MG TI FE3 HN CU PB ZN NI CR ZR 8A BE SR CL f 01 FRH DEN

DEN • -2 -1 . • -i 1 • 1 1 • • 1 1 -2 -1 2 1
FRH -1 -1 • 2 i -1 1 . -2 -2 2 1
01 -1 2 1 -1 1 -1 • -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 "l -1 -1
F • -i • 2 -l 1 1 1 1 -1 1
CL • • • 2 • • 2 l *2 1
SR • . 1 *1
BE 1 -2 2 • -1 • 1
BA • -i s * i -i 1
ZR e 2 • . . -2 • 1- 2
V 1 -I 1 -1 1 e 1 1 1 1 1 -2
CR 1 -1 1 -1 -1 -1 -2 1 -1 -2 1
NI 2 -1 1 -1 1 • 1 1 1 1 1 1
ZN • . • -1 • 1 • • -1 z 2
PO 2 • -2 1 -1 1 -1 -1 -1 -i • -z -1
HO
CU *1 • $ -2 1 -1 . . • -1 1 -1
MN • -1 1 -1 1 * 1 1 2 1 .
FE3 -1 • -1 • -1 1 2 • 1 2 1 -1 *1
S • -1 • . e -1 1 2 2 . 1
H 1 . -1 2 -1 1 • 1 1 ♦ 1
TI • -1 • . 1 . 1 1 1
HO . -1 -1 1 -1 1 # 1 1
FE -2 -1 1 -1 1 . 1
NA -2 • e 1 -1 • 1
CA -1 2 -1 1 -1 1
K *1 • -1 1 -l
AL -1 • -1 • 1
SI 1 • 1
ARC • 1
PHY 1
POT 1
123
T able 4 8 . C o rrela tio n c o e ffic ie n ts of 305 sam p les
CA NA MG TI H S F E 3 MN CU MO PB ZN NI CR 'V ZR BA BE SR CL F DI FRH DEN
POT PHY ARG SI AL K FE
DEN -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 1 1 1 1 • -1 1 . 1 • e . -2 2 -1 2 • -1 • • • • -1 1 1
FRH . -1 -1 -2 1 -1 1 1 1 1 2 -1 -1 2 1 -1 * -1 -1 1 • 1 -2 • • 1 • -1 • 1
01 1 . -1 1 -1 1 -1 e -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -2 -1 -2 * * • -1 1 -1 • • 2 • • -2 1
F . 1 . -2 -1 1 -1 -1 2 • 2 1 1 -1 -1 1 * 1 1 e -2 -2 . 2 -1 1 -1 • 1
CL . -1 -1 • • • . 1 1 • • 2 • . -2 1 1 1 . 1 -1 • 1
SR -1 « • 1 -1 1 1 • 1 1 -1 -1 2 1 -1 -2 -1 1 • 1 . 1 2 1
-1
-2 1 e 2 • • • -2 • • • « . -1 2 * . •. e . 2 -2 1
BE
BA 1 e • • 1 1 -2 • 1 • -1 2 1 -1 . 2 1 . 1
ZR . • 2 • • • . e 1 2 • -2 . • 2 1 • 1
V 2 1 1 -1 1 -1 1 1 1 1 1 • • . 1 . . • 1 • 1
. • 1 -1 1 -1 -2 -1 -1 1 -2 • -2 -2 e -1 . 1
CR 1
. e
f\l M M-
. • -1 1 -2 1 2 1 1 1 • • 2 • 1
NI 2
ZN -2 • • • . • -1 -1 . • -2 1 • . 1 1
PB • 1 • • • 2 -2 -1 e • • 2 « 1
MO , • • 2 • • . * -2 -1 • • -2 . 1
CU e 1 • . -1 • -1 -1 1 . 2 2 1 -1 - 1 1
MN -1 • • -1 1 -1 1 1 1 1 1 • -1 1 1
FE3 -2 -2 . -1 1 -2 1 2 -1 1 1 • -1 1
S • 1 -1 -1 • -2 -1 1 • 2 2 1
H -1 1 1 -1 • s . -1 -1 • -1 • 1
II . 1 1 -1 1 • 1 • 1 1 1
MG . -1 -1 -1 1 -1 1 1 1 1
FE -2 1 * -1 • -1 1 • 1
NA -2 -1 -1 -1 1 -1 •1 1
CA -1 -1 • -1 1 -1 i
K 1 . -1 1 e 1
AL • -1 2 -1 1
SI 1 • -2 1
ARG -2 2 1
PHY -1 1
POT *1
124
125
re s p e c tiv e ly . It should a ls o be re la te d to S r, w hich h a s a sim ila r ra d iu s
of 1 .1 2 A and a sim ila r e le c tro n e g a tiv ity of 0 .9 ; Ba h a s an e le c tro n e g a
tiv ity of 1 .0 . Barium c o n te n t d e c re a s e s from K -fe ld sp ar to m ica to
p la g io c la s e . Late s ta g e s of c ry s ta lliz a tio n should be im poverished in
b a , sin c e it is cam ouflaged by K in K -fe ld sp ar and m ica and to a l e s s e r
ex ten t by Ca in p la g io c la s e . M etaso m atism and hydrotherm al a lte ra tio n
re a d ily rem ove Ba from th e w a ll r o c k s . During w e a th e rin g , Ba is p re fe r
e n tia lly re le a s e d from K -fe ld s p a rs , and it is la te r a d so rb ed by c la y s and
hydroxides (F isch er and P u c h e lt, 1972). Strontium is e x p e c te d to a c
com pany Ca c lo s e ly , th e ir ra d ii b ein g 1 .1 2 and 0 .9 9 A, re s p e c tiv e ly .
Although Sr h a s a rad iu s 1 8 .5 p e rc e n t sm a ller th an th a t of K, it is a c
cep ted in o rth o c la s e . I n c o r p o r a te in p la g io c la s e and o rth o c la s e , Sr
should be d e p le te d in la te m agm atic and hydrotherm al f l u id s .
In a ll fre sh r o c k s , Be is p o s itiv e ly c o h eren t w ith F , Zr, N i,
Pb, T i, K, and p h y llic a lte ra tio n . It is a n tip a th e tic to Al, N a , and p o -
t a s s i c a lte ra tio n (Table 4 7 ). In a ll ro ck s (Table 4 8 ), Be show s a p o s i
tiv e v a ria tio n w ith K and th e d iffe re n tia l in d ex (DI) and is n e g a tiv e ly
re la te d to Mg and C l. Strontium in fresh ro ck s a s s o c ia te s w ith Ba, Zr,
Fe+3 , T i, and N a , and it is a n tip a th e tic to K and to ta l a lte ra tio n . In a ll
ro c k s , Sr is p o s itiv e ly c o rre la te d to the fre s h n e s s fa c to r (FF) and e le
m ents th a t are c o rre la te d to th e FF; V, N i, M n, Fe+ 3 , T i, M g, N a , C a ,
and A l. Strontium v a rie s in v e rs e ly w ith elem en ts c h a ra c te r is tic of p h y llic
a lte ra tio n , su ch a s S i, K, H 2O , S, F , C u , Zn, and P b. All ele m e n ts to
w hich Sr is p o s itiv e ly c o rre la te d are a ls o n e g a tiv e ly c o rre la te d to th re e
or more of th e sam e ele m e n ts to w hich Sr is n e g a tiv e ly c o rre la te d . B ari
um d istrib u tio n in fre sh ro ck s conform s to th a t of S r, V, Zn, and Mn and

126
Is n e g ativ e ly re la te d to a rg illic a lte ra tio n , K, S , F , and C u . In a ll
r o c k s , Ba is e n rich ed in p o ta s s ic a lte r a tio n , slig h tly a t v a ria n c e w ith
th e b eh av io r of Sr, and it is le a c h e d by p h y llic a lte ra tio n p r o c e s s e s .
It is lin k ed in b eh av io r to C l, S r, V, N i, M n, Fe+^ , T i, and Al; it is
a n tip a th e tic to S i, S, C u, and F .
During c ry s ta lliz a tio n of th e rock i t s e l f . Be seem s to be more
enriched in porphyry sy ste m s th a n in o th e r ro ck s of the sam e type (Table
36), su g g e stin g th a t it w a s c o n c e n tra te d in a re s id u a l magma or h y d ro -
therm al flu id . Although p re d ic te d to be more abundant in a lb ite . Be did
not d isp la y a p o sitiv e c o rre la tio n w ith N a , e x c e p t a t Thom pson C reek
and C opper C itie s . The b e h av io r of Be during a lte ra tio n is tw o fo ld . It
d iffers in hypogene hydrotherm al and in su p erg en e a lte ra tio n p r o c e s s e s .
During hypogene a lte ra tio n . Be b e h a v e s sim ila rly to F and is re le a s e d in
th e fluid and la te r re d e p o site d w ith the m ic a s , a s a t Brenda and C opper
C itie s . During su p erg en e a lte ra tio n , it is rem oved and tra v e ls a s a
BeF£x4*2 com plex and is re p re c ip ita te d along w ith Fe and Mn hydroxides
or ab so rb ed on c la y s (H erm ann, 1969). T h e re fo re , its a ffin ity for F , F e ,
M n, and p h y llic and a rg illic a lte ra tio n s a t M in eral P ark, M o ren ci, and
S an ta Rita is re a d ily e x p la in e d .
Strontium is e n rich ed in a ll ro ck s a n a ly z e d for th is w ork, p a r
tic u la rly in q u artz m o n zo n ites, a s com pared to T urekian and W e d e p o h l's
(1961) v a lu e s for norm al e q u iv a le n ts . Barium is more e rra tic a lly d is tr ib
u te d . Both Ba and Sr a re le a c h e d by hydrotherm al a lte ra tio n a s w e ll a s
by su p ergene a lte ra tio n . They o ften accom pany e a c h o th e r, and th ey
a ls o a ffilia te w ith V, N i, M n, Fe+3 , T i, and Al. T heir m ain d ifferen c e

127
w hich is in th e ir ra d ii, is d isp la y e d by th e a ffin ity of Ba for K and of Sr
for C a.
Zirconium and Titanium
Zirconium and titan iu m b elong to Group IVB of the p e rio d ic
ta b le . Although Ti is comm only referred to a s a m ajor e le m e n t, its sim i
la rity to Zr ren d ers th e ir s e p a ra te treatm en t u n n e c e s s a ry . T itanium and
zirconium are sim ila r in rad iu s a t 0 .6 8 and 0 .8 0 A, e le c tro n e g a tiv ity a t
1 .5 and 1 .4 , and io n ic p o te n tia l a t 5 .8 8 and 5 .0 8 , r e s p e c tiv e ly . They
are netw ork fo rm ers, occurring a s M 04~^ te tra h e d ra l c o m p le x e s, b u t b e
c a u se If larg er s iz e n e ith e r te tra h e d ro n can s u b s titu te e a s ily for S i ^
and th ey should be c o n c e n tra te d in re s id u a l m agm as (Ringwood, 1955).
H ow ever, Ti and Zr more comm only form m in erals o f th e ir ow n, sp h en e
and z irc o n , and th ey are g e n e ra lly p re c ip ita te d a t an e arly sta g e in m ag
m as having a high degree of p o ly m e riz a tio n . B ecau se Ti can su b s titu te
for Al, Fe+3 , and Mn+3 , it c an be in co rp o ra te d in b io tite and am phibole.
In th e p re s e n t c a s e , th e m agm as have a low deg ree of p o ly m erizatio n
sin c e th ey are rich in w a ter and v o la tile e le m e n ts , su ch a s Cl and F .
T hus, both elem en ts c a n be e x p ec te d to in c re a s e in the m elt in th e la te
s ta g e s of c ry s ta lliz a tio n .
The Ti and Zr v a lu e s determ in ed in th is stu d y are alw ay s s ig
n ific a n tly low er th a n the v a lu e s g iv en by T urekian and W edepohl (1961),
a s show n in T ab les 35 and 3 6 , r e s p e c tiv e ly . In a ll ro ck s (Table 4 8 ), Zr
show s p o sitiv e c o rre la tio n c o e ffic ie n ts w ith T i, F , C l, Be, C r, V, N i,
Pb, and a rg illic a lte ra tio n , and n e g a tiv e on es w ith Zn, N a , and p o ta s -
s ic a lte ra tio n . In a ll ro c k s , Zr is p o s itiv e ly sy m p a th e tic o n ly to

128
T l, C r, C u , N i, and F and n e g a tiv e ly sy m p a th e tic to th e FF and M o.
Titanium in fresh ro ck s follow s th e FF , C l, F , S r, Be, Z r, C r, V, N i,
C a , Al, F e , M g, Fe+3 # M n, and S; it is n e g a tiv e ly c o rre la te d to Zn,
S i, and p h y llic a lte ra tio n . In a ll ro c k s , Ti v a rie s w ith a rg illic a lte r a
tio n , Al, C a , F e , M g, S , M n, N i, C r, V, Zr, Sr, C l, Ba, C u, and th e
FF, and is a n tip a th ic to S i, M o, and p h y llic a lte ra tio n . As a w h o le ,
Ti and Zr show a sim ila r b e h av io r in th e ir re la tio n s w ith o th er e le m e n ts .
They p a ra lle l F , C l, S r, Be, C r, N i, V, and Zn; h o w ev er, Ti is rem oved
or untouched by a lte ra tio n in q u a rtz m onzonites a s Zr is a d d e d . In g ra n o -
d io r ite s , both are rem oved by a lte ra tio n . As p re d ic te d , th e y ten d not to

follow S i. On th e o th er h a n d , th e y ten d to b e p re c ip ita te d in th e fre sh e r
ro c k s , p o s s ib ly at an early c ry s ta lliz a tio n sta g e a s zirco n and sp h e n e ,
ex p lain in g why th e y o ften h a v e a h igher c o n ten t in fre s h e r r o c k s . Zir
conium d iffers from Ti in th a t it seem s more m obile under hydrotherm al
c o n d itio n s .
V anadium , N ic k e l, and Chromium
Vanadium is an elem ent of Group VB of th e p e rio d ic t a b l e ,
chromium of Group VIB, and n ic k e l of Group VIIB. They o ccu r in m agm as
g e n e ra lly w ith th e v a le n c e s of +3, + 3 , and +2 and h a v e ra d ii of 0 .5 9 ,
0 .6 9 , and 0 .7 2 A, re s p e c tiv e ly . The e le c tro n e g a tiv ity of N i is 1 .8 and
of V and Cr is 1 .6 . All th re e are elem en ts of th e fir s t tra n s itio n s e r i e s ,
and th ey g e n e ra lly e n te r ferro m ag n esian m in erals in e a rly s ta g e s of c ry s
ta lliz a tio n . They h ave a low er c o n te n t in more f e ls ic ro c k s , a s show n
by th e av erag e v a lu e s of each through th e se q u e n c e g ra n o d io rite -q u a rtz
m o n z o n ite -g ra n ite (Turekian and W ed ep o h l, 1961). In ro ck s of th is stu d y ,

129
Cr e x h ib its the re v e rse r e la tio n . Ringwood (1955) a ttrib u te s th e p o s s ib le
enrichm ent of a ll th ree e lem en ts in g ra n ite s to the low deg ree of p o ly -
m erication p re se n te d by v o la tile -ric h g ra n itic r o c k s . A lto g eth er, th e ir
fre s h -ro c k v a lu e s are h ig h er th a n the o n es g iv en by T urekian and W e d e -
pohl (1961), e s p e c ia lly in the c a s e of chrom ium .
N ic k el and vanadium are strongly p a ire d . They are le a c h e d
during p h y llic a lte ra tio n and follow the sam e fe rro m a g n e sia n , a lk a lic ,
and c a lc - a lk a lic e le m e n ts . They favor fre s h , more m afic ro ck s and are
a n tip a th e tic to S i, K, and p h y llic a lte ra tio n . Chromium d is p la y s a c o n
v e rse b e h a v io r, although it is not p a rtic u la rly a s s o c ia te d w ith any a l
te ra tio n ty p e . It is a ffin itiv e to e lem en ts th a t are a n tip a th e tic to N i and
V. All th ree e lem en ts d is c lo s e a strong b e h av io ral sim ila rity w ith T i.
W hile th ey do not show a s ig n ific a n t c o rre la tio n c o e ffic ie n t b etw een
th e m se lv e s a s a w h o le , th e y do qu ite commonly from mine to m in e.
In the su p erg en e environm ent, Ni and Cr are v ery s ta b le and
are a p p aren tly en rich ed by d iffe re n tia l e ro sio n a t S anta Rita and M o ren -
c i. Vanadium is more m obile and is rem oved in a ll th ree of the su p e r
gene a lte re d d e p o s its of M o re n ci, M ineral P ark , and S an ta R ita .
According to c ry s ta l fie ld th e o ry , tra n s itio n e lem en ts in su p erg en e e n
vironm ents go through an in te rm e d iate p e n ta v a le n t sta g e before p a s s in g
in to so lu tio n (Burns, 1970). The a c tiv a tio n energy of th is o x id atio n is
high in the c a s e of Cr and N i, w hich is why th e y are not rem oved and
are p ro g re ssiv e ly en ric h ed w here o th er e lem en ts are le a c h e d a t M orenci
and Santa R ita. Vanadium is d e p le te d a t M ineral P ark , M o ren ci, and
Santa Rita b e c a u se its low a c tiv a tio n energy is e a s ily o v e rc o m e .

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L ead, Z in c, M olybdenum , and C opper
L ead , z in c , m olybdenum , and co p p er are sid e ro p h ile and are
e x p ected to be c o n c e n tra te d in a lte re d rocks in th e p re s e n c e of su lfu r
s p e c ie s . Zinc and molybdenum are not p re s e n t in am ounts o v er th e 200
and 5 ppm lim its of d e te c tio n , re s p e c tiv e ly , a t C opper C i ti e s , New C or
n e lia , and S ie rrita . Zinc c h e m ic a lly p a ra lle ls Mg b e c a u s e of th e ir sim i
la rity in rad iu s and may s u b s titu te for it in sm all a m o u n ts. Zinc a ls o
commonly follow s Pb, F , and C u , elem en ts th a t a re in c lu d ed in m in e ral
izin g f lu id s . Zinc is more ab u n d an t in su p erg en e th a n in hypogene a l
te re d r o c k s . M olybdenum is c lo s e ly re la te d to copper and to a l e s s e r
ex ten t to flu o rin e . As a w h o le , it is m ost c lo s e ly a s s o c ia te d w ith S i,
su g g e stin g th a t it should o c cu r p re fe re n tia lly in q u artz v e i n s , and th is
confirm s w hat w as o b serv ed p e tro g ra p h ic a lly . M olybdenum is a n tip a
th e tic to T i, Al, and Zr, a ll elem en ts w ith high io n ic p o te n tia ls w hich
m ight b e preferred in th e s ilic a te s tru c tu re , and to Mg and Fe+3 . Lead
is co u p led w ith barium in fre sh qu artz m o n zo n ite. At M ineral P ark , Pb
is a s s o c ia te d w ith C u, Zn, S , and F , c o in c id in g w ith s p h a le r ite - g a le n a -
p y rite -c h a lc o p y rite v e i n s . Although a t e a c h m ine it ra re ly o c c u r s . Pb
p a ra lle ls p h y llic a lte ra tio n , K, S, F , HgO, and Zn in a ll ro c k s . Its
g e n e ra lly low abundance could be accom m odated in o rth o c la s e , a s s u g

g e s te d by th e p o s itiv e c o rre la tio n w ith p o ta s s iu m . C opper is c o n c e n
tra te d in e ith e r p h y llic or p o ta s s ic a lte ra tio n , b ein g a s a w hole re la te d
to th e p h y llic z o n e . It is an alo g o u s to K, F e , H gO , 3 , and F and c o r
r e la te s w ith Fe and S a t M orenci and M ineral Park w here p y rite , c h a lc o -
c it e , and even c h a lc o p y rite are com m on. R e c ip ro c a lly , it is a n tip a th e tic
to Fe a t New C o rn e lia , w here b o rn ite is th e copper m in e ra l. C opper is

131
g e n erally a n tip a th e tic to Fe+ 3 , Al, N a , and le s s commonly to C a , Ba,
and S r. C opper is e n rich ed in e ith e r p o ta s s ic or p h y llic a lte r a tio n , Zn
in p h y llic a lte ra tio n , Pb in n e ith e r. This d istrib u tio n is c o n s is te n t w ith
th e follow ing zoning: Cu a t the boundary b etw een p h y llic and p o ta s s ic
a lte ra tio n , Zn w ithin th e p h y llic a lte ra tio n , and Pb a t th e o u ter fringe of
p h y llic a lte ra tio n .
Fluorine and C hlorine
Fluorine and chlo rin e belong to Group VILA but d iffer d ra s tic a lly :
th e ir io n ic ra d ii are 1 .3 6 and 1.81 A and th e ir e le c tro n e g a tiv itie s are 4 .0
and 3 .0 , re s p e c tiv e ly . The Cl v a lu e s in the porphyry ore d e p o sit ro ck s
are low er by 50 to 80 ppm th an th e v a lu e s g iv en by T urekian and W e d e -
pohl (1961) (Table 36). Fluorine v a lu e s flu c tu a te som ew hat com pared to
th e v a lu e s g iven by T urekian and W ed ep o h l. Its v a lu e is h ig h er by a t
le a s t 200 ppm in th e qu artz m onzonites of M ineral Park and M o ren ci, the
g ran ite porphyry of copper C itie s , and th e g ra n o d io rite s of Thompson
C reek and S anta R ita, but it is 100 to 200 ppm low er in the q u artz mon
z o n ite s of the New C o rn e lia , S ie rrita , and C opper C itie s m ines and th e
g ran o d io rite of B renda.
All su rfa ce sa m p le s a t C opper C itie s (CC36 through C C 43), a t
S ierrita (S44 through S48), and a t M orenci (Ml through M22 and M31
through M38) are d e p le te d in C l and F . At M ineral P a rk , the sam p les
w ere ta k e n a t the sam e p it le v e l and a t Thompson C reek th e y w ere c o l
le c te d a t fairly c o n sta n t e le v a tio n s ; th e re fo re , sa m p le s from both d e
p o s its do not show sy s te m a tic v a ria tio n s . At S anta R ita, sa m p le s high in
the p it (SR1-SR6, SR37, and SR38) have low er C l and h ig h er F c o n te n ts .

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Only a t S anta Rita d o es Cl show a p o s itiv e c o rre la tio n c o e ffi
c ie n t w ith p o ta s s ic a lte ra tio n and a n e g a tiv e one w ith p h y llic a lte ra tio n .
N e v e r th e le s s , th e re is not much supporting ev id e n ce from th e o th er
m in e s. At th e B renda, M o ren ci, M ineral P a rk , and Thom pson C reek d e
p o s its , th e re la tio n is re v e rs e d , though below th e 95 p e rc e n t c o n fid en ce
le v e l; at th e C opper C itie s and S ierrita m in e s , th e e v id e n ce p a ra lle ls
th a t a t Santa R ita, but th e re too it is below th e 95 p e rc e n t co n fid e n ce
le v e l.
At th e New C o rn e lia , M o ren ci, and S anta Rita m in e s, C l p a ra l
le ls S i. In th e g ra n ite porphyry a t C opper C i ti e s , Cl is re la te d to K,
M g, and Al. Fluorine is very high in p h y llic a lte ra tio n a s s e m b la g e s w ith
c o rre latio n c o e ffic ie n ts p o s itiv e to th e 99 or 95 p e rc e n t le v e l along w ith
K and H2O.
M ajor E lem ents
M an g an ese
M a n g an ese is m ost g e n e ra lly c o rre la tiv e w ith M g, C a , N a , N i,
T i, and P b . Mn+^ w ith a ra d iu s of 0 .8 0 A follow s th e ele m e n ts of sim ila r
ra d ii and v a le n c e s lik e M g, C a , N a , F e , and N i w ith ra d ii of 0 .6 5 , 0 .9 9 ,
0 .9 5 , 0 .7 6 , and 0 .7 2 A, re s p e c tiv e ly . Mn+^ w ith a ra d iu s of 0 .6 6 A is
sim ila r to V+ 3 , Fe+ 3 , and Al+3 of ra d ii 0 .5 2 , 0 .6 4 , and 0 .5 0 A. Mn+4
w ith a rad iu s of 0 .6 0 A is sim ila r to Ti+4 and V+5 w ith ra d ii of 0 .6 8 and
0 .5 9 A. M an g an ese is a n tip a th e tic to p h y llic a lte ra tio n and to S i, K, F ,
S , and C u, w hich are e lem en ts c h a ra c te ris tic of th a t a lte r a tio n . S uper
g e n e phenom ena do not a ffe c t Mn in any d is tin c tiv e w a y . On th e o th er

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h a n d , Mn prefers m afic and fre sh ro ck s a s e v id e n ce d by th e n e g a tiv e and
p o sitiv e c o rre la tio n s w ith th e DI and FF, re s p e c tiv e ly .
Sodium and P o tassiu m
Sodium and p o ta s s iu m , elem en ts of Group IA of th e p e rio d ic
ta b le , d is c lo s e id e n tic a l e le c tro n e g a tiv itie s and c h arg e but d ifferen t
ra d ii a t 0 .9 5 and 1 .3 3 A, r e s p e c tiv e ly . B ecause th e y a re s im ila r, th e y
ten d to e n te r th e sam e m in erals w here th e y com pete a g a in s t each o th e r.
Sodium can c lo s e ly follow calcium b e c a u s e of th e ir alm o st id e n tic a l
r a d ii, 0 .9 5 and 0 .9 9 , r e s p e c tiv e ly . At S ie rrita , N ew C o rn e lia , C opper
C itie s , Brenda, and Thom pson C re e k , th e a v erag e K and Na v a lu e s from
th e fresh ro ck s are c lo s e to th o s e given by N ockolds; h o w ev er, Na is
low er a t S anta Rita and in th e g ra n ite at C opper C itie s and h ig h er at
M orenci; K is low er a t N ew C o rn elia and M orenci and h ig h e r a t Santa
Rita (Table 3 5 ).
Sodium alm ost m onotonously follow s C a , Al, and th e FF, and
le s s re g u la rly S r. Sodium is often a n tip a th e tic to p h y llic a lte ra tio n and
th ere fo re to K, S, H2O, C u , and S i. A lto g eth er, Na is a s s o c ia te d w ith
Al, C a , F e , M g, Fe+3 , M n, and Sr and is a n tip a th e tic to S i, K, S , F ,
HgO, C u , Zn, and P b . P o tassiu m commonly com bines w ith p o ta s s ic
a lte ra tio n , e x c e p t a t th e Brenda and M ineral Park m ines and in th e
g ra n ite at C opper C i t i e s . It is commonly re la te d to th e DI and e rra tic a lly
a s s o c ia te d w ith C u . At C opper C i t i e s , K in fa c t c o rre la te s p o sitiv e ly
w ith p o ta s s ic a lte ra tio n but at a co n fid en ce le v e l below 95 p e rc e n t (0 .3 4
in s te a d of 0 .3 8 ) . It m ight s t i l l be s ig n ific a n t. At B renda, th e re is little
a lte ra tio n , and p o ta s s ic a lte ra tio n d e riv e s from b io titiz a tio n in w hich Fe
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and Mg p lay a la rg e r r o le . At M ineral P a rk , p o ta s s ic a lte ra tio n is w eak
and its e ffe ct is lik e ly o b lite ra te d by e x te n siv e p h y llic a lte ra tio n . On
th e o th er h a n d , K is n e g a tiv e ly re la te d to a rg illic a lte ra tio n and to Fe+3
ex cep t a t Thompson C re e k . It is a n tip a th e tic to C a , N a , and th e F F .
O v e ra ll, K re la te s w ith p o ta s s ic and p h y llic a lte ra tio n , although c o rre la
tio n w ith p h y llic a lte ra tio n do es not o ccur from one m ine to th e o th e r.
P o tassiu m a ls o re la te s to S i, F , O r, C u , P b, Be, and th e D I. It is a d
v e rs e to Al, C a , N a , F e , M g, Fe+^ , M n, N i, V, Sr, and th e F F .
M agnesium and C alcium
M agnesium and c alciu m are from Group IIA of th e p e rio d ic
ta b le . M agnesium v a lu e s in fre sh ro ck s are h ig h er and C a v a lu e s low er
th an N o ck o ld s' (1954) v a lu e s (Table 3 5 ). M agnesium p a ra lle ls F e , F, K,
and p o ta s s ic a lte ra tio n , and it is a n tip a th e tic to N a at th e C opper C itie s
and Brenda m ines w here seco n d a ry b io tite is a b u n d a n t. M agnesium is
n e g a tiv e ly c o rre la te d to p o ta s s ic a lte ra tio n a t Thom pson C reek o n ly , th e
re la tio n e lse w h e re being u n c o n v in c in g . M agnesium is often re c ip ro c a l to
S i, p h y llic a lte ra tio n or H2O, K, and th e D I. On th e c o n tra ry , it follow s
C a , F e , M n, and T i. All ro ck s c o n s id e re d , C a and Mg c o rre la te w ith
e ach o th er and w ith elem en ts th a t are abundant in fre sh ro c k s —Al, N a ,
F e , M n, T i, Fe+3 , N i, V, S r, and C l. They a re n e g a tiv e ly p ro p o rtio n al
to p h y llic and a rg illic a lte r a tio n s . S i, K, H2O , and C r. On th e o th e r
h a n d , th e y are en rich ed in more m afic ro c k s , and th is is c o n s is te n t w ith
th e n e g a tiv e c o rre la tio n c o e ffic ie n ts b etw een them and th e D I.

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Iron
U n fo rtu n ate ly , a ll a n a ly s e s were done only for to ta l iro n . Total
iron a v e ra g e s for the fresh ro ck s com pare w ell w ith th o se g iven by
N ockolds (1954) (Table 35). F e+^ w as e stim a te d from m odal h em atite
and m a g n e tite .
Fe+2 is c o in c id e n t w ith F , S , and Mg a t C opper C itie s , S anta
R ita, and Thompson C re e k . On the o th er h a n d , it is commonly a n tip a
th e tic to S i, K, and th e D I. Fe+2 p refe rs fre sh r o c k s , a fa c t w hich is
re s p o n sib le for its a ffin ity w ith th e FF, ferro m ag n e sia n , C a , and N a .
It is rem oved som ew hat by a lte ra tio n . B ecause of a lte ra tio n and p re
c ip ita tio n of pyrite and c h a lc o p y rite , it is a ffilia te d to S , F , and Cu;
h o w ev er, p h y llic a lte ra tio n show s a slig h t lo s s in iro n .
Fe+3 p a ra lle ls FF, C l, S r, Ba, V, N i, M n, T i, M g, N a , C a ,
and Al; it c o rre la te s n e g a tiv e ly w ith p h y llic a lte ra tio n , S i, K, C u, M o,
C r, F, and D I. Only a t Thom pson C reek is Fe+3 p o s itiv e ly c o rre la te d
w ith p o ta s s ic a lte ra tio n . It is a n tip a th e tic w ith p o ta s s ic a lte ra tio n in
th e g ran ite a t C opper C i ti e s , th e q u artz m onzonite a t New C o rn e lia , and
the g ran o d io rite a t B renda.
S ilic a and Aluminum
Average Si v a lu e s from fre sh ro ck s are h ig h er th an N o c k o ld s1
v a lu e s by not more th a n 1 p e rc e n t. Aluminum is ab o u t 1 p e rc e n t low er
for the g ra n ite and le s s th a n 1 p e rc e n t h ig h er for q u a rtz m o n z o n ite s.
S ilic a c o rre la te s n e g a tiv e ly w ith Al, T i, M g, and N a . A lto g eth er, Si is
a n tip a th e tic to the FF, a rg illic a lte ra tio n , Al, C a , N a , F e , M g, T i,
H2O , Fe+3 / M n, N i, V, Sr, and B a. It is p o s itiv e ly c o rre la te d to p h y llic

136
a lte ra tio n , K, M o, C r, and D I. Aluminum, as o p posed to s i l ic a , p a ra l
le ls F F , N a , C a , and Mg; it is n e g a tiv e ly p roportional to Si and p h y llic
a lte r a tio n .
A lteration A ssem blages
P o ta s s ic A lteration
G ranite Porphyry. In the C opper C itie s g ra n ite p o rp h y ry , p o
t a s s i c a lte ra tio n is the re s u lt of b io titiz a tio n , a s show n by the m in e ra l-
o g ic com position and the c o rre la tio n c o e ffic ie n ts . M g, F e , and F are
stro n g ly a ffilia te d w ith p o ta s s ic a lte ra tio n and in a le s s e r degree so is
H2O, w hich are a ll c o n s titu e n ts of b io tite . F e+3 is n e g a tiv e ly re la te d
to p o ta s s ic a lte ra tio n , although it is only p re s e n t in m a g n e tite , w hich
is thought to abound in th is type of a lte ra tio n . The AKF diagram (Fig. 34)
d o es not show much v a ria tio n ; the re p re s e n ta tiv e p o in ts are c lu s te re d
off at the K a p e x . CC S, CC S, C C 29, and C C S8 w ith the h ig h e s t p h y llic
a lte ra tio n are up tow ard th e A ap ex on the sid e of th e AK lin e . H ow ever,
C C 6, C C 4 1 , C C 42, and CC43 w ith little a lte ra tio n , not even p o ta s s ic ,
are the c lo s e s t to the K a p e x . CC1 and C C 34, having undergone b io tit
iz a tio n , are sh ifte d to th e F a p e x .
Q uartz M o n z o n ite . In the N ew C o rn elia qu artz m o n zo n ite,
p o ta s s ic a lte ra tio n is w e a k , due e ith e r to seco n d a ry o rth o c la s e or b io tite .
P o tassiu m show s a strong c o rre la tio n to p o ta s s ic a lte ra tio n . Again Fe+3 ,
from m a g n e tite , is not produced by th a t a lte ra tio n . A lbite is m ost p ro b
ab ly re p la c e d by K -fe ld sp a r, a s in d ic a te d by th e n e g a tiv e c o rre la tio n
c o e ffic ie n ts b etw een Na and p o ta s s ic a lte ra tio n a s w e ll a s b etw een N a
and K. Chromium is a ls o n e g a tiv e ly c o rre la te d to p o ta s s ic a lte ra tio n .

137
o o
Figure 3 4 . AKF diagram for sa m p le s from the C opper C itie s

mine

6 = quartz m onzonite
A= AI2O3- (K2O + N a 2 0 + CaO)
K= K2O
F = FeO + MgO + MnO + TiC2 - S /2
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The AKF diagram (Fig. 35) in d ic a te s th a t the more p o ta s s ic a lly a lte re d
sa m p le s, A24, A32, and A34, have to a large e x te n t tra n s la te d to th e K
apex; how ever, sam p les A l l , A18, A20, A28, and A37 th a t have a s much
p o ta s s ic a lte ra tio n a s sam p les A32 and A34 do not s e p a ra te from th e m ain
group of re p re se n ta tiv e p o in ts . A12, A13, A 21, and A35 are s lig h tly
above the o th er p o in ts , re fle c tin g the g re a te s t m u sco v ite c o n te n t.
P o ta s s ic a lte ra tio n in the q u artz m onzonite a t th e M orenci mine
is more w id e sp rea d and sp o ra d ic a lly h ig h . T itanium and p o ta ssiu m a c
com pany th is a lte ra tio n , along w ith barium and chrom ium . On the AKF
diagram (Fig. 36), a sh ift tow ard the K ap ex of th e e x te n s iv e ly p o ta s s ic
sam ple p o in ts M 22, M 39, and M40 is c le a rly n o tic e a b le . For M2 through
M 5, M 10, and M 1 2 , w hich in a d d itio n are h ig h ly s e ric itiz e d and s i l ic e
o u s , th is sh ift is s t i ll a p p a re n t, although th e re p re s e n ta tiv e p o in ts
c le a rly go tow ard th e A a p e x . M20 and M l9 o ccu p y a p o sitio n re fle c tin g
th e ir high k a o lin ite c o n te n t.
At th e S ie rrita m in e , in th e q u a rtz m o n z o n ite , seco n d a ry o rth o -
c la s e is e x te n siv e and forms an o rth o c la s e -ric h band to the n o rth e a st of
the m in e. Only K is stro n g ly p o s itiv e ly c o rre la te d w ith p o ta s s ic a lte r a
tio n . P o ta s s ic a lte ra tio n rem oved S i, C a , and N a . Iron and su lfu r are
n e g a tiv e ly c o rre la tiv e w ith p o ta s s ic a lte ra tio n . Figure 37 d is p la y s good
agreem ent b etw een stro n g ly p o ta s s ic a lte re d ro ck s and th e ir re p re s e n ta
tiv e p o in ts in the c a s e of 821 and 844 through 8 4 8 . N e v e rth e le s s , th e ir
re la tiv e p o sitio n on the diagram is not d ep en d en t on th e e x te n s iv e n e s s
of p o ta s s ic a lte ra tio n ; 844 w ith 35 p e rc en t p o ta s s ic a lte ra tio n is more •
c e n tra lly lo c a te d th an 821 w ith 32 p e rc e n t or 847 w ith only 29%. 8 24
w ith a high m uscovite c o n te n t is c lo s e to th e re p re s e n ta tiv e p o in t of th e

139
12 C>
Figure 35. AKF diagram for sa m p le s from New C o rn elia mine
A = AI9 O 3 - (KoO + N a 20 + CaO)

K = K20
F = FeO + MgO + MnO + T i0 2 - S /2
140
28 29
Figure 36. AKF diagram for sam ples from the M orenci mine
A = AI2O3 - (K2O + N a20 + CaO)

K = K2O
F = FeO + MgO + MnO + TiC>2 - 8 /2
141
30 32
0 — 36
17
0 21
Figure 3 7 . AKF diagram for sa m p le s from the S ie rrita mine

o = quartz
» = qu artz m onzonite
A= AI2O3 - (K2O + N a 2 0 + CaO)
K= K2O
F = FeO + MgO + MnO + T i0 2 - S /2
142
p o ss ib ly due to the b io tite and o rth o c la se c o n te n t, w hich are h ig h er and
lo w e r, re s p e c tiv e ly , th an th a t of th e fresh ro c k .
In the C opper C itie s q u artz m o n zo n ite , K is en ric h ed through
p o ta s s ic a lte ra tio n . The AKF d ia g ra m , Figure 34, d o es not re v e a l many
v a ria tio n s b e c a u se th ere is c o lle c tiv e ly little a lte ra tio n . N e v e r th e le s s ,
th e sam ples w ith the h ig h e s t p h y llic a lte r a tio n , C C 14, C C 15, and C C 24,
are sh iftin g tow ard th e m u sco v ite p o in t.
In the M ineral Park q u artz m o n zo n ite, N i, C u , and Fe d is p la y a
p o sitiv e c o rre la tio n w ith p o ta s s ic a lte ra tio n . Figure 38 d o es not re fle c t
its e x te n s iv e n e s s . MP 3 4 , for w hich quartz is very a b u n d a n t, p lo ts t o
w ard th e K a p e x , although p o ta s s ic a lte ra tio n a c c o u n ts for only 5 p e r
cen t of th e a lte ra tio n . MP1 w ith little a lte ra tio n a ls o m oves tow ard th e
K apex and p lo ts a t the sam e p o sitio n a s MP10 and M P 25, w hich are
more p o ta s s ic a lte re d .
G ra n o d io rite . P o ta s s ic a lte ra tio n in the S anta Rita g ran o d io rite
r e s u lts in K, C r, C l, and Si enrichm ent and in HgO and A1 d e p le tio n . Al
though some of the a lte ra tio n is re la te d to b io titiz a tio n , no s ig n ific a n t
re la tio n linked Fe and Mg to p o ta s s ic a lte r a tio n . O v e ra ll, th e AKF d ia
gram (Fig. 39) is in good agreem ent w ith th e am ount of a lte r a tio n . M ost
p o in ts give th e in d ic a tio n th a t the more in te n se th e p o ta s s ic a lte ra tio n ,
th e more the p o in t p lo ts tow ard th e K apex; SRI 2, SRI 5 , SR7, SR11,
SRI 4 , SRI 8, SRI7 , SR24, SR3, and SR9 p lo t acco rd in g to th e e x te n t of
p o ta s s ic a lte ra tio n . The in flu e n ce of p h y llic a lte ra tio n on SR14, SR17,
and SR24 is a tra n s la tio n in th e d ire c tio n of the A a p e x .
In the Brenda g ra n o d io rite , p o ta s s ic a lte ra tio n show s a pro
nounced c o rre la tio n w ith M g, F e , and H 2O . The m ain e ffe c t of th e

143
'o 39
. 06,20
°3I
Figure 38. AKF diagram for sa m p le s from the M ineral Park mine
A = AI2 O 3 - (K2 O + N a 2 0 + CaO)

K = K2 O
F = FeO + MgO + MnO + T i0 2 - S/ 2
144
'21 O
O 10
It 0 9
Figure 3 9 . AKF diagram for sam ples from the Santa Rita mine
A = AI2O3 - (KgO + NagO + CaO)

K = K2O
F = FeO + MgO + MnO + TiC>2 - S/ 2
145
a lte ra tio n is a d e clin e in th e am ount of S i, N a , and Fe+^ . On the AKF
diagram . Figure 4 0 , m ost of the re p re s e n ta tiv e p o in ts h ave sh ifte d to
ward th e F a p e x , even th o se w ith little b io titiz a tio n . This sh ift is a t
trib u ted to b io tite , a c tin o lite , and h y p e rs th e n e , su ch a s in B9 and B24,
w hich are the fre s h e s t ro c k s .
In the Thompson C reek d e p o s it, p o ta s s ic a lte ra tio n re s u lte d in
C u, K, and Fe+3 in c r e a s e s , w hile F e , M g, T i, H 2O , M n, Zr, Be, and F
w ere le a ch e d out by p o ta s s ic a lte ra tio n p r o c e s s e s . Sam ples w ith p o ta s
s ic a lte ra tio n above 15 p e rc e n t p lo tte d tow ard the K a p e x on th e AKF
diagram . Figure 41.
Q uartz D io rite . In th e S ie rrita q u artz d io rite , p o ta s s ic a lte r a
tio n is re s p o n sib le for an in c re a s e in K, Ba, and P b . On the o th e r h a n d ,
Sr, C a , N a , F e , and Mn are le a c h e d o u t. S am ples w ith high o rth o c la s e
c o n ten t and p o ta s s ic a lte ra tio n are lo c a te d c lo s e to the K a p ex on th e
AKF diagram (Fig. 37), e s p e c ia lly S4' and S 20.
As a w h o le , p o ta s s ic a lte ra tio n is re s p o n sib le for K, Ba, and V
en rich m en t, accom panied by low HgO, S , and F v a lu e s . It p a ra lle ls th e
DI when seco n d ary o rth o c la se is the c a u s e of p o ta s s ic a lte ra tio n , a s a t
M o ren ci, S ie rrita , S anta R ita, and Thom pson C reek; it is a n tip a th e tic to
th e DI w hen b io titiz a tio n o c c u rs , a s a t Brenda and C opper C itie s .
The AKF diagram s are v a lu a b le in h elp in g to c h a ra c te riz e th is
a lte ra tio n a sse m b la g e , a s p re v io u sly d is c u s s e d for the d iffe re n t o c c u r
r e n c e s . The p o sitio n of the re p re s e n ta tiv e p o in ts is c le a rly re la te d to
th e am ount of p o ta s s ic a lte ra tio n , although su p e rp o sitio n of o th e r a lte r a
tio n ty p es m odifies th e p ic tu re .
146
13 O O'
5 0 0,
Figure 4 0 . AKF diagram for sa m p le s from the Brenda mine
A = AI2O3 - (K20 + N a20 + CaO)

K = K2O
F = FeO + MgO + MnO + TiOa - S /2
147
12 22
14 O
Figure 4 1 . AKF diagram for sa m p le s from the Thompson C reek

d e p o sit
A = AI2 O 3 - (K2 O + N a 2 0 + CaO)

K = K2 O
F = FeO + MgO + MnO + TiC>2 - S /2
148
P hvllic A lteration
G ranite P orphyry. In th e g ran ite porphyry a t C opper C i t i e s , S ,
H2O , and Mo in c re a s e along w ith p h y llic a lte ra tio n and Al, C a , N a , and
Pb d e c r e a s e . The AKF diagram (Fig. 34) fa ils to re fle c t the p ro p o rtio n a l
ity b etw een the am ount of m uscovite and th e re p re s e n ta tiv e p o i n ts . The
AGP diagram (Fig. 42), w hich show s the lo s s e s in C a , d o es not re fle c t
any of the m uscovite c o n te n t. C C 1, C C 33, and CC36 c o n ta in in g 20, 22 ,
and 18 p e rc e n t m u sc o v ite , re s p e c tiv e ly are lo c a te d on th e AF lin e in the
low er h a lf and are c lo s e to th e p o in t re p re se n tin g C C 30, w hich is th e
fresh rock sa m p le . CC S, C C 29, C C 37, C C 38, and CC40 have som e
h e m a tite , in a d d itio n to a good m uscovite c o n te n t and th ere fo re p lo t
c lo s e s t to the A a p e x .
Q uartz M o n z o n ite . In the New C o rn elia q u a rtz m o n zo n ite,
p a ra lle lin g the p h y llic a lte ra tio n , H2O , S, C u , and Mo c o n te n ts r i s e ,
w hile M n, Fe+3, C a , N a , and Al c o n te n ts d im in ish . The AKF and ACF
diagram s (F ig s. 35 and 43) do not re g is te r s ig n ific a n t tre n d s as to th e
e x te n s iv e n e s s of a lte ra tio n .
In the quartz m o n zo n ite , a t the M orenci m in e , F , Be, C u , 8 ,
H , F e , and Si p a ra lle l e x te n siv e p h y llic a lte r a tio n . R e c ip ro c a lly , Sr,
Ba, M n, T i, C a , N a , and Al are p ro g re s siv e ly d e p le te d w here p h y llic
a lte ra tio n ta k e s o v e r. Figure 36 in d ic a te s th a t m ost of the p o in ts p lo t
tow ard the m uscovite p o in t. In no w ay is th is tren d pro p o rtio n al to th e
amount of a lte ra tio n : M25 is c lo s e r to the m uscovite p o in t th a n M23 and
M 2 3 ', w hich co n ta in tw ice as much p h y llic a lte ra tio n . On th e o th er
h an d , M 6 is c lo s e r to the F a p e x , although p h y llic a lte ra tio n am ounts
to 80 p e rc e n t. The sam e d is c re p a n c ie s occur on th e ACF diagram

149
2 7 / 32
15 33
Figure 42. ACF diagram for sa m p le s from the C opper C itie s

mine
A = AI2 O 3 - (KgO + N a 2 C) + Fe^Cg

C = CaO
F = FeO + MgO + MnO + T iC 2 - S /2
150
14,18,30
Figure 4 3 . AGP diagram for sam p les from the N ew C o rn elia

mine
A = AlgOg + F e2 0 3 - (KgO + N a20)

C = CaO
F = FeO + MgO + MnO + TiC>2 - S /2
151
(Fig. 4 4 ). Even M20 w ith 25 p e rc e n t a rg illic a lte ra tio n , w hich is by far
th e s tro n g e s t, do es not p lo t a d ja c e n t to the A a p e x , w h ile M 25, w ith no
a rg illic a lte ra tio n , is ag ain a s to n is h in g ly n e a r.
P hyllic a lte ra tio n c h a ra c te riz e s its e lf in th e S ie rrita q u artz m on-
zo n ite by high HgO and S i, low M o, M n, T i, and Mg c o n te n ts , and by a
som ew hat low alum inum c o n te n t. The sam e c ritic ism can a g a in be m ade
about the AKF and ACF diagram s (F igs. 37 and 4 5 ). They fa il to re fle c t
th e e x te n s iv e n e s s of the p h y llic a lte r a tio n . A ccording to th e ACF diagram
S48 is alm o st made of only s e ric ite and k a o lin ite , w h ile , in f a c t, it is
p o ta s s ic a lly a lte re d to 30 p e rc e n t. S46, on the AF lin e , had no a n o rth ite
and is not e x te n siv e ly a lte re d .
In the C opper C itie s q u artz m on zo n ite. Be and H 2O accom pany
p h y llic a lte ra tio n , w hich rem oves N a , C a , Al, and S i. The AKF and ACF
diagram s d e serv e the sam e c ritic ism as g iv en in th e p rec ed in g e x a m p le s .
In the M ineral Park q u a rtz m o n zo n ite, follow ing p h y llic a lte r a
tio n , F , Pb, Zn, and S in c re a s e and Sr and Na d e c r e a s e . On Figure 38,
th e AKF diagram , re p re se n ta tio n of the sa m p le s d is c lo s e s th a t th e re is
little v a lu e in th is diagram u n le s s the com position is extrem e in one w ay
or a n o th e r, a s for in sta n c e in MP38 w ith 13 p e rc e n t k a o lin ite and 31 p e r
c e n t m u sc o v ite , MP41 w ith 50 p e rc e n t k a o lin ite , and MP6 , M P20, and
MP31 w ith 4 5 , 4 3 , and 49 p e rc e n t m u sc o v ite , r e s p e c tiv e ly . It is in no
w ay d ire c tly proportional to the am ount of m u sc o v ite . O ther sa m p le s ,
such a s MP5 and MP26 w ith 40 p e rc e n t or more m u sc o v ite , slid e aw ay
from th e m uscovite p o in t. The ACF diagram (Fig. 4 6 ), alth o u g h som ew hat
b e tte r th an for o th er e x a m p le s, is m erely s a tis f a c to r y . MP6 , M P20,
M P31, M P39, and M P41, w hich have the m ost to ta l p h y llic p lu s a rg illic
152
A
3 0 ,3 1 ,3 3
- 4 ,7 —
,5,10,25
Figure 4 4 . ACF diagram for sa m p le s from the M orenci mine
A = AI2 O 3 + FeaOg - (KgO + NaaO)

C = CaO
F = FeO + MgO + MnO + T i02 - 8 /2
153
21 34
Figure 4 5 . ACF diagram for sa m p le s from the S ie rrita mine
o = quartz m onzonite
» = q u artz d io rite
A = AI2O3 + F e2 0 3 - (K2O + N a20)
C — CaO
F = FeO + MgO + MnO + TiC>2 - 8 /2
154
----40
5,17,32
13,14,27,30,13,19,22
Figure 4 6 . ACF diagram for sa m p le s from the M ineral Park mine
A = AlgOg + FegOg - (KgO + liag O )

C = CaO
F = FeO + MgO + MnO + T i02 - 8 / 2
155
a lte ra tio n , are c lo s e s t to th e A ap ex ; ho w ev er, M P3, M P7, MP8 , and
MP12, w hich are w ith in 5 p e rc e n t of the to ta l a lte ra tio n of th e p re c e d
ing sam p les a t 90 p e rc e n t or m ore, are much low er along the AF lin e .
G ra n o d io rite . In th e S an ta Rita g ra n o d io rite , p o s s ib ly a s a r e
s u lt of p h y llic a lte ra tio n , Cu and H gO , and to a much l e s s e r e x te n t, Si
and S in c re a s e ; C l, S r, Be, Zr, V, M n, Fe+3, T i, M g, F e , N a , C a , and
A1 d e c r e a s e . As for th e g ran ite and q u a rtz m o n zo n ite, the sam e problem s
a ris e from the AKF diagram (Fig. 3 9 ). SR8 and SR I6 , and to a le s s e r e x
te n t, SR31 and SR38, w ith e x te n siv e p h y llic a lte ra tio n are h ead in g to
w ard th e F a p e x , a n d , more e m p h a tic a lly , SR20 through SR25 of the a lu -
n ite zone are moving tow ard the AK lin e and th e m u sco v ite p o in t. The
ACF diagram (Fig. 47) ho ld s its p ro m ises b e tte r for sam p les o f th e a lu -
n ite z o n e , but SR33, SR38, and SR40, co n ta in in g abundant k a o lin ite and
m u sc o v ite , are not c lo s e to th e A a p e x .
At th e Brenda m in e, due to p h y llic a lte ra tio n , Zn and H 2O c o n
te n ts in th e g ran o d io rite a ris e and F e + 3 , F e , M g, and Ca c o n te n ts d e
c lin e . The AKF and ACF diagram s (F ig s. 40 and 48) do not r e g is te r any
ch an g es in the re p re s e n ta tiv e p o in ts , a s the ro ck s are b a re ly a lte re d ,
e x ce p t for B6 and B23' w ith th e h ig h e s t m uscovite c o n te n t.
In the g ran o d io rite a t the Thompson C reek d e p o s it, F , F e , N i,
S i, S, and H2O follow p h y llic a lte ra tio n , w h e re a s Ba, S r, and N a are
a n tip a th e tic to i t . The AKF diagram (Fig. 41) is show ing the u s u a l d i s
c re p a n c ie s : TC22 is ap p ro ach in g the A a p e x , although it c o n ta in s only
h a lf the am ount of m u sco v ite o f TC28 and tw o -th ird s th a t of T C I2, w hich
c o n ta in , re s p e c tiv e ly , 42 and 33 p e rc e n t m u sco v ite and p lo t c lo s e to
TC22. On the ACF diagram (Fig. 49), TC5 n e ar th e A ap ex c a rrie s only

156
19,20,30,34
33 14
-----
Figure 4 7 . ACF diagram for sam p les from the S anta Rita mine
A = AI2 O 3 + FegOg - (KgO + NagO)

C = CaO
F = FeO + MgO + MnO + T i0 2 - S /2
157
19,22
20 \
Figure 4 8 . ACF diagram for sa m p le s from th e Brenda mine
A —AI2O3 + FegOg — (KgQ + NagO)
F = FeO + MgO + MnO + TiOg - S /2

158
If 9,30
15 6
Figure 4 9 . ACF diagram for sam p les from the Thompson C reek
d e p o sit
A - AI2 O 3 + F e 2 C>3 - (K2 O + N a 2 C)

C = CaO
F = FeO + MgO + MnO + T i02 - S /2
159
29 p e rc en t m uscovite but 24 m ole p e rc e n t o f se co n d a ry o r th o c la s e , and
sa m p le s, such a s T C I2 and TC20 or even TC28, are much low er on th e
AF lin e , although th ey hold more m u sc o v ite .
Q uartz D io rite . In th e q u artz d io rite of S ie rrita , Be, P b , C u,
S, and H2O p a ra lle l p h y llic a lte ra tio n and C l, S r, Fe+3 , and Ca are
a n tip a th e tic to i t . As th ere is little a lte r a tio n , th e AKF and ACF diagram s
(F ig s. 37 and 45) do not show many c h a n g e s .
A rqillic A lteration
The d is c u s s io n of the AKF and ACF diagram s is abandoned b e
c a u s e , as se e n for p h y llic a lte ra tio n , the lo c a tio n of the p o in ts is not
d ire c tly re la te d to the e x te n s iv e n e s s of the a lte ra tio n and su p e rp o sitio n
of d ifferen t a lte ra tio n ty p e s in one sam ple m akes th e u s e of th e s e d ia
gram s in ad eq u ate for a rg illic a lte ra tio n .
Q uartz M o n z o n ite . At M o re n c i, K and N are th e only elem en ts
im poverished in the quartz m onzonite a s a d ire c t c o n se q u e n c e of a rg illic
a lte ra tio n , w hile Be, H 2O , and Mo are e n ric h e d . In the M ineral Park
g ra n o d io rite , K, S i, and Mg d e c re a s e and S r, Zr, N i, H 2O , and Ti in
c re a s e .
G ra n o d io rite . In th e S anta Rita g ra n o d io rite , F, K, N i, Pb, F e ,
and Fe+3 are le a c h e d o ut; H 2O , S , C u , and Mo are e n rich ed pro p o rtio n
a lly to a rg illic a lte r a tio n . As w as supported by p etro g ra p h ic e v id e n c e ,
c h a lc o c ite is more abundant in the quartz a lu n ite or q u a rtz k a o lin ite
z o n e , explain in g th e re la tio n s h ip b etw een a rg illic a lte ra tio n and Cu and
S . At B renda, w here k a o lin ite o c cu rs in the g ra n o d io rite , H 2O and Be in

c re a s e and Si and K d e c r e a s e .
DISCUSSION
U se of AKF and AGP D iagram s
The u se of AKF and ACF diagram s a s defined by C re a se y (1959)
and Burnham (1962) seem s of q u e stio n a b le u s e fu ln e s s in the lig h t o f the
foregoing p re s e n ta tio n , prim arily b e c a u se p o in ts p lo tte d on th e s e d ia
gram s give no d ire c t in d ic a tio n of the e x te n s iv e n e s s of a lte ra tio n . In
a d d itio n , tra n s itio n s b etw een d ifferen t a lte ra tio n ty p e s in som e sam p les
o b lite ra te th e ir p a rtic u la rity w ith re s p e c t to sin g le p o in t p lo t. An im
provem ent on C re a s e y 's (1959) d e fin itio n of th e F ap ex w as m ade by
su b tra ctin g the am ount of Fe+2 lin k ed to the su lfid e s from th e F f a c to r .
This had a s a n e t e ffect th e tra n s la tio n of many of the sam p le s w ith high
m uscovite and p yrite tow ard the m uscovite p o in t. The diagram s s e n s i
tiv e ly re fle c t c h an g e s in rock ty p e . For e x am p le, in the AKF d ia g ra m s,
fresh g ra n ite s p lo t tow ard the K ap ex (Fig. 34) and fre sh q u artz d io rite
and g ran o d io rite s p lot tow ard th e F ap ex c lo s e to th e b io tite fie ld (F ig s.
37 and 39). Sam ples w ith high m uscovite c o n te n t p lo t c lo s e to th e m us
co v ite p o in t, sam p les w ith high o rth o c la se c lo s e to the K a p e x , and
sam p les w ith high k a o lin ite c lo s e to the A a p e x . N e v e r th e le s s , it b e
com es am biguous for sa m p le s having both m uscovite and o rth o c la s e or
k a o lin ite , b e c a u se th e p o in ts p lot in b e tw e e n , c lo s e to th e AK lin e and
it is n ot c le a r w hat th e am ount of m uscovite or o rth o c la s e or k a o lin ite i s .
An a lte ra tio n diagram for each rock type should be d e v is e d and te s te d so
th a t m eaningful co m p ariso n s could be m ad e . A m ultitude of diagram s
w ould n e v e rth e le s s c o u n te rb a la n c e th e ir sim p lic ity and e a s e of u s e .
160
161
On the AKF d ia g ra m s , the m olybdenum -rich d e p o s its are not
d ifferen tiate d from the c o p p e r-ric h d e p o sits of th is s tu d y . The p o in ts
from th e Brenda mine are c e n tra lly lo c a te d in the sam e a re a w here fresh
rock sam ples from the S anta Rita m ine plo t; Thompson C reek s a m p le s ,
w hich p lo t c lo s e to the AK lin e , re fle c t the average e x te n s iv e n e s s of
to ta l p o ta s s ic p lu s p h y llic a lte ra tio n (46 p e rc e n t), w hile fre sh ro ck
p o in ts , w hich p lo t c e n tra lly , are in d is tin g u ish a b le from th e ir e q u iv a le n ts
for the Santa Rita m in e . The sam e p a rtic u la ritie s a p p ly for th e ACF d ia
g ram s.
G eochem ical E xpression of Porphyry D e p o sits
M ajor and M inor Elem ent Behavior
The q u a n tita tiv e e ffe c t of to ta l a lte ra tio n h a s b e en m easu red
w ith re s p e c t to the F F . As a re s u lt of o v e ra ll a lte ra tio n , C a and Na s y s
te m a tic a lly d e c re a s e . On th e other h a n d , HgO and S a lw ay s in c r e a s e ,
ex cep t for su lfu r in the S ierrita quartz m o n zo n ite. Sr, M n, M g, and A1
are le a c h e d , w h ereas K and Cu are added in 50 p e rc e n t of the c a s e s .
S ilica and iron f lu c tu a te , being e ith e r added or rem oved, or th ey show
no d ire c t p ro p o rtio n ality to to ta l a lte ra tio n , a s a t B renda, Thom pson
C reek , and S ie rrita . Iron is rem oved from th e S anta Rita gran o d io rite
and added to the M orenci and New C o rn elia q u a rtz m o n zo n ites and to
the C opper C itie s g ra n ite porphyry. S ilic a is rem oved from or added to
th e q uartz m onzonites of C opper C itie s and M ineral P ark , r e s p e c tiv e ly .
From exam ination of a to ta l of 305 ro ck s (Table 48), one c a n .
sa y w ith co n fid en ce th a t Al, C a , N a , Fe+ 2 , Fe+ 3 , M g, T i, N i, S r, Ba,
and V are rem oved p ro g re s s iv e ly through th e a lte ra tio n p r o c e s s e s and

162
th a t H2O, C u , Zn, K, S, F , P b, and Zr are a d d e d . Mo is a d d e d , but
below the 95% le v e l o f c o n fid e n c e . The e ffe c ts o f a lte ra tio n are n e ith e r
p etro g ra p h ic ally nor g e o c h e m ic a lly d ire c tly d ependent on the o rig in a l
rock ty p es in th e narrow range s tu d ie d . All a lte ra tio n s are en co u n tered
in a ll rock ty p e s c o n sid e re d , and th e b eh av io r of-m ajor and m inor e le
m ents is id e n tic a l or n e a rly s o . The e x te n s iv e n e s s or in te n s ity of a lte r a
tio n is not ro c k -ty p e d e p en d en t a s e x p re ss e d by th e a lte ra tio n sum m aries
(Tables 7 , 10, 13, 16, 19, 22, 25, 28, 3 1 , and 34). It c an be s p a r s e ,
a s a t New C o rn e lia , S ie rrita , and Brenda, or it can be thorough to p e r
v a s iv e , a s a t M o ren ci, M ineral P ark, S anta R ita, and Thompson C re ek .
On the other h an d , acco rd in g to c o rre la tio n c o e ffic ie n ts (Tables 37
through 48), A1 is n e g a tiv e ly proportional to p h y llic a lte ra tio n in the
g ran ite a t C opper C itie s , in the quartz m onzonites a t New C o rn e lia ,
M oren ci, and S ie rrita , and in the g ran o d io rite a t Thom pson C reek; K is
congruent w ith p o ta s s ic a lte ra tio n in th e q u a rtz m onzonite a t New C or
n e lia , M orenci, and S ie rrita and in th e g ran o d io rite s a t S anta Rita and
Thompson C reek; F is d ire c tly p roportional to p h y llic a lte ra tio n a t M or
e n c i, M ineral P ark, and Thompson C reek; and Sr is a n tip a th e tic to p h y l
lic a lte ra tio n a t M o ren ci, M ineral P ark, S anta R ita, and Thom pson C re ek .
Other elem en ts th an th e s e show b eh av io r in d ep en d en t of fre s h -ro c k type
but d ependent on the e x te n s iv e n e s s of a lte ra tio n .
On the o th er h a n d , s e le c te d m ajor and m inor e lem en ts do not
behave d is tin c tly in th e porphyry m olybdenum -rich d e p o s its of M ineral
P ark, B renda, or Thom pson C re e k , a s th ey behave d ifferen tly in d ifferen t
a lte ra tio n a sse m b la g e s and w ith re s p e c t to one a n o th e r. For ex am p le ,
Na and Ca b eh av e sim ila rly in th e g ran ite a t C opper C itie s , th e q u artz

163
m onzonites a t M orenci and C opper C itie s , the g ran o d io rite s a t S anta
Rita and Thompson C re e k , and the q u artz d io rite a t S ie rrita; A1 and Na
are p o sitiv e ly c o rre la te d to e ac h o th er a t C opper C itie s , New C o rn e lia ,
M o ren ci, S ie rrita , and Thom pson C reek; Si and K are congruent a t New
C o rn e lia, M orenci, Santa R ita, B renda, and Thompson C reek; Cu and
Mo c o rre late p o s itiv e ly w ith e ac h o th er a t C opper C itie s , N ew C o rn e lia ,
S ie rrita , Santa R ita, and Brenda; Cu is c o n v erse to Na a t C opper C itie s ,
New C o rn e lia , M orenci, S anta R ita, Brenda, and S ie rrita ; and Ni b e
h a v es sim ilarly to V a t Copper C itie s , M ineral P ark , S anta R ita, B renda,
and Thompson C re ek .
Sunerqene E ffects on H ypogene "M em ory"

of the Rocks
The e ffe ct of su p erg en e a c tiv ity on the b e h av io r of many of th e
elem ents is in d is tin g u ish a b le from hypogene e ff e c ts , and elem ent b e
havior in supergene a c tiv ity is in c o n tin u atio n of hypogene b e h a v io r.
According to c o rre latio n c o e ffic ie n ts , th e s e m ajor and m inor elem ent b e
h av io rs are d ire c tly re la te d to the e x te n s iv e n e s s of a lte ra tio n . As su p e r
gene a lte re d d e p o sits are more e x te n siv e ly a lte re d , th e su p erg en e e ffe c ts
are no more than an enhancem ent of hypogene e ffe c ts for p h y llic and a r -
g illic a lte ra tio n . To g ive an ex am p le, the lo s s e s in Ca are in th e order
of le s s th an 1 c a tio n p e rc e n t in n o n su p e rg e n e -a lte re d d e p o s its but in
th e order of 1 .5 to 3 c a tio n p e rc e n t a t S anta Rita and M o re n ci. At M in
eral P ark, w here no fre sh rock is a v a ila b le , the C a lo s s is only 0 .1
catio n p e rc e n t, but if com pared to average quartz m onzonite co n te n t
(Table 35), it w ould be in the sam e order of m agnitude a s for M orenci
and Santa R ita. For N a , F e , M g, S r, and C l, the e x te n t of lo s s in

164
s u p e rg e n e -a lte re d ro ck s is about double th a t of n o n su p e rg e n e -a lte re d
o n es; g a in s in F or Ba are more c o n s is te n t and 1 .5 to 2 tim es h igher in
s u p e rg e n e -a lte re d d e p o s its th an in h y p o g e n e -a lte re d o n e s .
As p rev io u sly d is c u s s e d , the b eh av io rs of Be, F , Fe+2 , C r,
N i, and V are som ew hat sin g u la r and could be in d ic a to rs of supergene
a lte ra tio n superim posed on hydrotherm al a lte ra tio n . Chrom ium , n ic k e l,
and to a le s s e r e x te n t titan iu m are p ro g re s siv e ly enriched through d if
fe re n tia l e ro s io n . T his enrichm ent h a s b een o b serv ed in la te r itic s o i l s ,
and it a g re e s w ith c ry s ta l field theory (Burns, 1970). Vanadium is
le a ch e d in th e supergene environm ent contrary to its b e h av io r in h y p o -
gene a lte ra tio n b e c a u se it is more m o b ile. The ra tio of V to Cr p lu s N i
is therefore ex p ected to be much low er in s u p e rg e n e -a lte re d ro ck s th a n
in fresh ro c k s , w h ereas it should be fa irly c o n sta n t or re g is te r a s lig h t
in c re a s e in h y p o g e n e -a lte re d ro c k s . T able 49 illu s tr a te s th is re la tio n
s h ip . The ra tio of the av erag e V to the a v erag e Cr p lu s Ni c o n te n t d i s
p la y s a s ig n ific a n t d e c re a se from fre sh to su p erg en e p lu s hypogene
a lte re d rocks and an o n c re a se from fre sh to e x c lu s iv e ly hypogene a lte re d
o n e s . O ther r a t i o s , su ch a s th o se of K to Sr p lu s Ba and F to Cl show a
sim ilar p a tte rn . F re sh -ro c k ra tio s are com parable to th o s e of e x c lu siv e ly
hypogene a lte re d ro ck s but are much low er th a n th o se of su p erg en e p lu s
hypogene a lte re d o n e s .
During su p erg en e a c t iv i t y , Be, F , and F e+2 b eh av e sim ila rly .
As se e n in C hapter 3, both Be and F are en rich ed from 1 .5 to 2 tim e s and
from 1 .5 to 4 tim e s , re sp e c tiv e ly ,th ro u g h su p erg en e a lte ra tio n , th e ir
high v a lu e s probably c o in c id in g w ith the high p y rite c o n te n t in the ro c k .
It is known th a t fluorine is le a c h a b le from c la y s a t pH 7 to 9 and is

T able 4 9 . R atios for s e le c te d e lem en ts
Rock Type and M ine K /(Sr + Ba) V /(C r + Ni) B e/(S r + Ba) B a/Ti Be/K B e/N a F /C l
G ran ite Porphyry

C opper C itie s
W hole Rock (25) 6 0 .3 0 .3 3 5 .3 x 1 0 -J 0 .1 5 0 .9 x lo r * 3 .1 x 10-4 8 .6
F resh Rock ( 5) 5 5 .6 .29 6 .0 .18 1 .1 2 .4 6 .6
Q u artz M onzonite
New C o rn elia
W hole Rock (41) 2 8 .4 0 .4 9 1 .4 0 .1 8 0 .5 0 .6 4 .2
F re sh Rock (22) 2 6 .6 .48 1 .3 .19 .5 .5 4 .0
M orenci
W hole Rock (38) 4 6 .5 .40 3 .9 .19 .8 2 .1 1 2 .3
F resh Rock ( 3) 8 .4 .57 .8 .27 1 .0 .4
S ie rrita
W hole Rock (23) 4 4 .2 .44 3 .0 .21 .7 1 .3 7 .1
F resh Rock ( 5) 4 5 .1 .41 4 .7 .14 1 .0 1 .4 7 .0
C opper C itie s
W hole Rock (18) 2 9 .0 .34 2 .7 .18 .9 1 .2 4 .1
F re sh Rock (17) 2 9 .3 .35 2 .6 .19 .9 1 .2 4 .1
M in eral Park
W hole Rock (35) 5 1 .2 .37 3 .5 .17 .7 9 .8 1 4 .8
Q u artz M onzonite
F resh (47) 2 7 .6 .44 1 .9 .18 .7 .8 4 .4
165
T able 49. R atios for s e le c te d e le m e n ts— C ontinued
Rock Type and M ine K/(Sr + Ba) V /(C r+ Ni) B e/(S r + Ba) Ba/Ti Be/K B e/N a F /C l
G ran o d io rite
S an ta Rita
W hole Rock (39) 2 7 .2 0 .5 9 0 .5 x 10-3 0 .3 6 0 .2 x 10-4 0 .9 x 10-4 3 .1
F resh Rock ( 4) 1 8 .2 .78 1 .9 .19 1 .1 1 .3 1 .4
Brenda
W hole Rock (37) 1 6 .7 .82 1.1 .40 .6 .5 4 .0
F re sh Rock (24) 1 7 .3 .80 1 .1 .43 .7 .5 3 .9
Thom pson C reek

W hole Rock (33) 2 7 .0 .50 3 .4 .58 1 .2 2 .5 1 1 .2
F resh Rock ( 5) 1 2 .5 .40 2 .8 .40 2 .2 1 .9 1 0 .7
G ran o d io rite
F resh Rock (33) 1 6 .4 .77 1 .6 .37 1 .0 .8 3 .6
Q u artz D iorite
S ie rrita
W hole Rock (16) 2 1 .6 0 .9 9 2 .7 0 .1 1 1 .2 1 .1 1 6 .0
166
167
absorbed a t pH below 6 (Allmann and K oritnig, 1972; H ubner, 1969).
The n e a r-s u rfa c e a lte ra tio n of s e ric ite to k a o lin ite , w hich re q u ire s very
a cid pH , would th erefo re fix th e F of s e ric ite on the k a o lin ite . K e sle r,
Van Loon, and Moore (1972) a n a ly z e d fluorine by w a te r-e x tra c ta b le
m ethods on cru sh ed sam p les w ith a s lig h tly a c id so lu tio n , reaffirm ing
the d e so rp tio n -a d so rp tio n fin d in g s of H ubner (1969). Fluorine is a ls o
d eso rb ed off the c la y s much f a s te r th an it is a b so rb ed by them (H ubner,
1969). Toward th e o rig in a l su rface of a s u p e rg e n e -a lte re d porphyry ore
d e p o s it, the pH is ex p ec te d to be n e ar n e u tra l b e c a u se m ost of the py rite
h as been d is s o lv e d , favoring th e f a s t rem oval of flu o rin e . D ow nw ard,
pH g rad u ally d e c re a s e s and fluorine w ill be a b so rb ed by the c la y s . This
phenom enon could p e rh a p s ex p lain the very high F v a lu e s en co u n tered at
M ineral Park (2,170 ppm) and a t M orenci (1170 ppm) com pared to o th er
fresh q uartz m onzonites (620 ppm) and a t S anta Rita o u tsid e the a lu n ite
zone (710 ppm) com pared to o th er fre sh g ra n o d io rite s (500 ppm ). C hlor
in e , d e p le te d in su rface sa m p le s, m ight a ls o h ave b e e n le a c h e d by sim
ila r p ro c e s s e s in the sam e environm ent, b u t once re le a s e d it w as
ap p aren tly not re d e p o site d in any p a rtic u la r zone or m in e ral.
In u n m in eralized a re a s w here su p erg en e a lte ra tio n o c c u r s , su ch
a s in la te ritic te rra in s of tro p ic a l clim ate of the S outhw est P a c ific or the
C a rib b e a n s , th ere w ill be little fluorine and no p y r ite . H e re , the a c id ity
of the m eteoric w a te rs w ill be more n e u tra l th an in m in eralized a re a s
w here oxidizing pyrite is a b u n d a n t. B ecause its form ation req u ire s e x
trem ely a c id , s u lfa te -ric h so lu tio n s (Hemley e t a l . , 1969), a lu n ite w ill
probably not form in th e s e la te r itic a r e a s , a s a t S anta Rita w here a lu n ite -
qu artz a lte ra tio n , w hich e ffe c tiv e ly rem oved Be and F from th e ro c k s .
168
w as p re s e n t. As a c o n s e q u e n c e , Be and F enrichm ent should be le s s
w ell d eveloped in u n m in eralized th a n in m in eralized ro ck s and should be
in d ic ato rs of lo w -su lfid e a lte ra tio n .
Ratios for S e lected Elem ents
T y p ic ally , 5 to 15 p e rc e n t by w eight p o tassiu m is ty p ic a lly
added to a rock by a lte ra tio n , 50 p e rc en t by w eight S r, 10-20 p e rc en t
by w eight Ba, and 50 p e rc e n t by w eig h t Na are rem oved, 20 p e rc e n t by
w eight Be is added or rem oved, and Ti is fa irly c o n sta n t (Tables 35 and
36). The u se of r a tio s , su ch as B a/T i, B e/(Sr + Ba), Be/K, and B e/N a
should provide re lia b le in d ic a to rs of the e x te n s iv e n e s s of a lte ra tio n
undergone by th e ro c k . A ccording to Table 45, th e s e ra tio s show w ide
v a ria tio n s betw een th e m ost and le a s t e x te n siv e ly a lte re d r o c k s . T ables
50 through 61 show the v a ria tio n s of th e s e ra tio s re la te d to the e x te n
s iv e n e s s of a lte ra tio n in the d ifferen t ro ck ty p e s and a ll th e r o c k s . The
ratio of K/(Sr + Ba) ra re ly , a t 3 tim es out of 12, in c re a s e s during p o ta s -
s ic a lte ra tio n , and it d e c re a s e s a s a re s u lt of o v e ra ll a lte ra tio n 4 tim es
out of 12. The V /(C r + N i), B a/T i, and F /C l ra tio s show no sy s te m a tic
v a ria tio n . The V /(C r + Ni) ratio d o es not m an ifest a d ire c t re la tio n sh ip
w ith a rg illic or p h y llic or o v e ra ll a lte ra tio n in the th ree su p e rg e n e -a lte re d
d e p o sits a s one would h av e ex p ec te d b e c a u se su p erg en e a lte ra tio n d o es
not d ire c tly a cco u n t for any of them . The Be/K ra tio d e c re a s e s w ith
"p o ta ssic a lte ra tio n and to a le s s e r e x te n t w ith p h y llic a lte ra tio n . The
B e/N a ratio commonly in c re a s e s w ith the degree of p h y llic a lte ra tio n .
As a w h o le , the Be/K and B e/N a ra tio s d eclin e p ro p o rtio n ally a s th e
developm ent of p o ta s s ic a lte ra tio n , w h ereas the form er d e c re a s e s and

169
Table 50. C o rrelatio n c o e ffic ie n ts for ra tio s of s e le c te d e lem en ts in

g ran ite porphyry from C opper C itie s
K / S R +3 A V/ CR + NI DA/ T X OE / SR+BA BE/K BE/NA F/CL H20 / F+CL

POT . e • • • • • •
PHY . • S • 2 • 1
ARC • • • •* • • • •
FRH « e e • s -2 • -1
Table 51. C o rrelatio n c o e ffic ie n ts for ra tio s of s e le c te d elem en ts in

quartz m onzonite from New C o rn elia
K /SlU aA V /C R fN I B A /T I OE / S R + I A BE/K BE/NA F/CL HZO/FtCL

POT 1 i . -2 1
PHY . . . l
ARC . . .
FRH . -1

qu artz m onzonite from M orenci
K / SR+BA V/ C R + N I BA/TI OE / SR+BA BE/K BE/NA F/CL H 2 0 / F+ CL

POT # . e -2 -1 • .
PHY 1 e 1 . 1 *
ARC • $ « 2 1 « «
FRH -1 « « -1 * -1 •

q u a rtz m onzonite from S ierrita
< / SR+BA V/ C R + N I BA/TI R E / SR+BA QE/K BE/NA F/CL H2 0 / F + C L

POT e 2 • • -1 • * «
PHY • e . « • . 2
ARC • , « • . •
FRH • • -2 e 1 • . e
170
Table 54. C o rrelation c o e ffic ie n ts for ra tio s of s e le c te d ele m e n ts in

quartz m onzonite from C opper C itie s
K / S R +8 A V/ C R + N I B A /T I OE/ SR+BA BE/K BE/NA F/C L H20/ F+CL

POT « . . • • • • «
PHY • e • • • • • 1
ARC « 4 • • s . « •
FRH • • • • e « •1
T able 55. C o rrelatio n c o e ffic ie n ts for ra tio s of s e le c te d e lem en ts in

qu artz m onzonite from M ineral Park
K / SO+BA V/ C R + N I BA/TI OE / SR+BA BE/K BE/NA F/CL H 20/ F+CL

POT • ♦ • . e
PHY • • e 2 -2 4 * -2
ARC • • e V 1 1 1
FRH • -2 2 -2 -1 ' - i e -1
Table 56. C o rrelatio n c o e ffic ie n ts for ra tio s of s e le c te d ele m e n ts in

gran o d io rite from Santa Rita
K / SR+BA V/ C R + N I BA/TI BE / SR+BA BE/K OE/NA F/CL H 20 / F+CL

POT 1 • . « -1
PHY « e e -i -1 . 2 1
ARC
FRH
-2
•
e
•
e
-1
e e • « 1
1 1 • • -1

g ran o d io rite from Brenda
K / S R H 3A V/CRfNI OA/TI B E / SR+BA B E / K BE/NA F/CL H 2 0 / F+CL

POT • • 2 2
PHY . • ♦ 1
ARC • 1 • • 1
FRH . -2 -1
171

g ran o d io rite from Thompson C reek
K/ SR+ BA V/ C R + N I BA/TI B E / SR+BA BE/K BE/NA F/CL H 2 0 / F + CL

POT • • 2 -2 -1 • -2 #
PHY 1 « e 1 e 1 1 e
ARC • « . 2 1 . . e
FRH -1 • -i 2 -i - i e

quartz d io rite from S ie rrita
K / SR+BA V/ C9 + N I BA/TI 3E / S P +B A B E / K BE/NA F/CL H2 0 / F + C I

POT .1 1 • • —1 . e
PHY . • e 1 2 1
ARC • • 1 e 2
FRH -1 • • • • -1 , e

97 sam p les of fre sh rocks
K / SR+BA V/ C R + N I .B A /T I BE / SR+BA B E / K BE/NA F/CL H 2 0 / F+ CL

POT 2 • • - i -1 « «
PHY • • 2 « • 1 « i
ARC . • e 1 • • •
FRH e - i • • e # -1

305 sam p les
K / SR f r B A V/ C R + N I BA/TI OE/SRtBA 8 E/K BE/NA F/CL H 2 0 / F+CL
pot . . 1 -1 -1 -1 «
PHY 1 -1 1 -2 1 1 1
ARC . . 1 1 1
FRH -1 2 -i -1 -1 -i
172
the la tte r in c re a s e s w ith p ro g re ssiv e p h y llic a lte r a tio n . T hese two ra tio s
should h elp to d iffe re n tia te c h em ic ally b etw een p o ta s s ic and p h y llic a l
te ra tio n s .
A lteration C o n stra in ts
P o ta ssiu m , m agnesium , and alum inum are im portant elem ents
in the b io tite of p o ta s s ic a lte ra tio n . At C opper C itie s , chlo rin e is p o s i
tiv e ly c o rre la te d to th e s e e le m e n ts , su g g e stin g th a t it is bound in p art
to b io tite . This re la tio n sh ip reaffirm s S to lle ry , B o rcsik , and H o lla n d 's
(1971) finding th a t in porphyry ore d e p o sits b io tite is chlo rin e ric h .

H ow ever, at B renda, w here b io titiz a tio n o c cu rs to o , th is re la tio n sh ip is
not o b se rv e d , p o s s ib ly b e c a u se of th e low e x te n s iv e n e s s of a lte ra tio n .
Except at Thompson C re e k , Fe+3 is n ev er p o s itiv e ly congruent
w ith p o ta s s ic a lte ra tio n , contrary to w hat one w ould have ex p ec te d from
Lowell and G u ilb e rt's (1970) d e s c rip tio n , w h erein m agnetite is c ite d a s
a common c o n s titu e n t of th a t a lte ra tio n a s s e m b la g e . Although Fe+3 c o r
resp o n d s to m agnetite c o n te n t, the p re se n c e o f h e m a tite in o th er p a rts
of the a lte ra tio n zo n es p o s s ib ly o v e rrid e s any d ire c t re la tio n s h ip . N e v er
th e l e s s , a t New C o rn e lia , S ie rrita , and S anta R ita, th ere is little or no
h e m a tite , and m agnetite did not re la te d ire c tly w ith p o ta s s ic a lte ra tio n .
C o n se q u e n tly , a s a w h o le , Fe+3 is n e g a tiv e ly c o rre la te d w ith p o ta s s ic
a lte ra tio n (Table 4 8 ). Low ell and G u ilb e rt's d e sc rip tio n is th erefo re
probably not a s g e n e ra lly a p p lic a b le a s it w as m eant to b e .
R eactions w hich have b een su g g e ste d to o c cu r in p o ta s s ic a lte r
a tio n are:
NaAlSi30 8 + K+ ^ KAlSi30 8 + N a+
a lb ite o rth o c la se
173
or Na CaAl4S i80 24 + 2 H + + 2K+ ^ KMSigOg + KA1 S ^ O j q COH^

a n d esin e o rth o c la se m uscovite
+ 2 N a + + C a+ + + 2 S i0 2 .
This l a s t equ atio n is h ighly h y p o th e tic a l but s a tis f ie s th e form ation of
fin e -g ra in e d qu artz in seco n d ary o rth o c la se v e in le ts and th e form ation
of m uscovite in o rth o c la se its e l f during the rep lacem en t of p la g io c la s e .
If Fe and Mg are introduced along w ith K and H 20 , o rth o c la se in the
above re a c tio n s can be re p la c e d by b i o ti t e . T hese re a c tio n s in d ic a te
th a t p o tassiu m is a n tip a th e tic to Na and C a . This re la tio n is g e n e ra lly
o b se rv e d . In the c a s e of b io titiz a tio n , Fe and Mg should be a d v erse to
Na or Ca or b o th . They are a n tip a th e tic to Na in the tw o exam ples of
sig n ific a n t b io titiz a tio n but not to C a , b e c a u se Ca e n te rs in the com
p o sitio n of hornblende along w ith Fe and Mg a t B renda, w h ile a t C opper
C itie s , the la te c a lc ite v e in s o b lite ra te the e ffe c t of b io tite form ation.
R eactio n , su ch as th e fo llow ing,
N a2C aA l4Si8024 + K20 ^ 2 KAlSigOg + 2 S iC 2 + N a 2C + CaO

a n d e sin e o rth o c la se
+ Al20 3
or
N a2CaAl4Sig0 24 + 4 K+ + 4 8102 ^ 4 KAlSigOg + N a+ + Ca++,

a n d esin e o rth o c la se
are not supported by the e v id e n c e . E xcept at S anta R ita, th ere is n ev er
among the d e p o s its stu d ied a n e g a tiv e re la tio n b etw een A1 and p o ta s s ic
a lte ra tio n or a p o sitiv e one b etw een p o ta s s ic a lte ra tio n and S i. On the
o ther h a n d , a t S ie rrita and B renda, the c o rre la tio n c o e ffic ie n t b etw een
Si and p o ta s s ic a lte ra tio n is n e g a tiv e .
174
Fluorine is very high in p h y llic a sse m b la g e s and c o rre la te s
p o sitiv e ly w ith K and HgO; it is th erefo re e x p ec te d to be found in s e r i -
c ite . Fluorine c an come from sa tu ra tio n of the magma and su b se q u e n t
re le a s e w ith the aqueous p h a se or lea ch in g by the hydrotherm al flu id s .
V ariations of pH , te m p e ra tu re , and p re s su re c o n tro l the e x te n t to w hich
F is trap ped in s e ric ite produced by a lte ra tio n .
One would have ex p ected A1 to in c re a se w ith p h y llic a lte r a tio n ,
but b e c a u se Si in c re a s e d , A1 did not a p p ea r to do s o . The m ain change
introduced by p h y llic a lte ra tio n is p o s s ib ly a large production of q u artz
by d e stru c tio n of K -feld sp ar and p la g io c la s e , a s illu s tra te d by the fo l
lowing re a c tio n s (Hemley and J o n e s , 1964):
3KA lSi30s + 2 H 2 0 ^ KAl3Si30io(OH)2 + 6 S i0 2 + K 2O

o rth o c la se m uscovite
0.75N a2C aA l4SigO 24 + 2 H+ + K+ ^ K A lsS igO iotO H h + 1 .5 N a +

a n d e sin e m uscovite
+ 0 .7 5 C a++ + 3 8102
3 NaAlSigOg + 2 H + + K+ # = K A lgS isO iotO H ^ + 6 S i0 2 + 3 N a + .

a lb ite m uscovite
The m ain n et c h em ical g a in is th a t of q u a rtz , and a re a c tio n
such as th e follow ing is not supported by th e p re s e n te d e v id e n ce :
Al+3 + O.SKAlSigOg + 2 H2O ^ 0.5K A l3S i30io(O H )2 + 3 H + .

o rth o c la s e m uscovite
The fact th a t Si is o ften p o s itiv e ly c o rre la te d to p h y llic a lte ra tio n c e r
ta in ly m eans th a t Si is in tro d u ced into the ro c k .

175
O rigin o f the H ydrotherm al Fluid
M agm atic d iffe re n tia tio n le a d s to more f e ls ic m e lts . The f e ls ic
a s p e c t of a rock can be m easured through Thornton and T u ttle 's (1960)
d iffere n tia tio n index ( D . I . ) , so th e re la tio n sh ip of m ajor e lem en ts to th e
D .I . and to m agm atic d iffe re n tia tio n should be th e sa m e. In the c a s e of
a cognate origin of the hydrotherm al flu id , one w ould e x p ec t s ig n ific a n t
v a ria tio n s in the o v e ra ll ch em ical im prints on the h o st r o c k s . If magma
and flu ids follow ed d ifferen t p a th s , th ey would in e v ita b ly be c o n tam i
n ated by the rocks e n co u n te re d . L ater m ixing of the two through h y d ro -
therm al a lte ra tio n should be d e te c ta b le in th e ch em istry of the
c ry s ta lliz e d ro ck , and the re la tio n of m ajor elem en ts to the D .I . should
depart from the norm al m agm atic d iffe re n tia tio n tr e n d . In th is s tu d y , the
ro ck s th a t cog n ate flu id s w ould have to perm eate are qu ite d iffe re n t. At
C opper C itie s , New C o rn e lia , S ie rrita , and B renda, the h o s t in tru siv e
rocks are surrounded by igneous ro ck s; at Thompson C re ek , M o ren ci,
and Santa Rita by sed im en tary ro ck s; a t M ineral Park by m etam orphosed
sedim entary ro ck s of the am phibolite f a c ie s . Although no ch em ical d a ta
are a v a ila b le for any o f th e s e fo rm atio n s, it is su s p e c te d th a t th e chem
ic a l in tak e by hydrotherm al flu id s going through them would vary s ig n if
ic a n tly and th a t re la tio n s h ip s b etw een ch em ical elem en ts and a lte ra tio n
would be e rra tic from one d e p o s it to th e o th e r.
Through m agm atic d iffe re n tia tio n , acco rd in g to the re a c tio n
p rin cip le (Bowen, 1956), one c a n ex p ec t th e follow ing c h an g e s g e n e ra lly
occur; C a , Al, Fe+2, M g, and Fe+3 d e c re a s e ; K and Si in c re a s e ; and
Na first in c re a s e s th en d e c r e a s e s . This is e x a c tly w hat can be o b serv ed
from c o rre latio n c o e ffic ie n ts b etw een the D .I . and the m ajor elem en ts in
176
Proposed M odel of Porphyry Ore D e p o sit O rigin
By looking a t c h lo rin e , w a te r, and hydrogen and oxygen iso to p e
re q u ire m e n ts, one can t e s t the p o s s ib ilitie s offered by d ifferen t g e n e tic
m o d e ls.
C hlorine R equirem ents
The nature of the o re -b e a rin g fluid is at th e h e a rt of porphyry
ore d e p o sit g e n e s is . H olland (1972) and K ilinc and Burnham (1972) have
furthered current know ledge by in v e s tig a tin g m agm atic-hydrotherm al
flu id s . It is w orthw hile to d is c u s s th e ir findings in re la tio n to th e e v i
d e n ce s p re se n te d in order to u n d e rsta n d the e ffe c t of m agm atic flu id s on
th e rock i t s e l f . H olland (1972) and Kilinc and Burnham (1972) found th a t
chlorine is an im portant elem ent in hydrotherm al flu id s and th a t it is im
p o rtan t elem ent in hydrotherm al flu id s and th a t it is stro n g ly p a rtitio n e d
into th e aqueous p h a se in tem perature and p re s s u re ra n g e s over w hich
porphyry o res are d e p o s ite d . C hlorine is ex trem ely abundant in the
aq u eo u s p h a se a t the beginning of c ry s ta lliz a tio n and p ro g re s siv e ly
d ilu te d tow ard the end s ta g e s . T his reaffirm s the d isc o v e ry by Roedder
(1971) , N ash and Theodore (1971), and D avis (1974) of h ig h ly sa lin e
fluid in c lu sio n s w ith up to 60 p e rc e n t by w eig h t N aC l e q u iv a le n t. N ash
(1972) , in com paring porphyry ore d e p o s its to o th er ty p e s of hydrotherm al
d e p o s its , found th a t flu id in c lu sio n s from porphyry o res w ere much more
sa lin e than fluid in c lu sio n s in gold d e p o s its , M is s is s ip p i V alley P b -Z n -
F d e p o s its , the Pb-Zn d e p o sit of P ro v id e n cia, the M ayflow er P b -Z n -C u -
Au-Ag d e p o s it, and g o ld -a d u la ria d e p o s its . This a s p e c t of flu id in c lu
sio n s p o in ts d ire c tly to th e c o n c lu sio n th a t Cl should be more abundan t

in in tru sio n s a s s o c ia te d w ith porphyry ore d e p o s its .
177
On the b a s is of av erag e a b u n d a n c e s, chlo rin e v a lu e s in fresh
and a lte re d ro ck s of the d e p o s its stu d ie d are in fa c t low er th an th o se in
nonm ineralized ro ck s of T urekian and W edepohl (1961). F resh ro ck s a ls o
have a h igher chlorine c o n te n t th an a lte re d o n es by 30 p e rc e n t by w eig h t
(Table 36). Although fluid in c lu sio n s from porphyry ore d e p o s its have
much h ig her C l c o n te n ts th an flu id in c lu sio n s from o th er o c c u rre n c e s ,
w hole rock a n a ly s is do es not re v e a l th e ir high s a lin ity . The fa c t th a t
Cl p a rtitio n s stro n g ly into the a q u eo u s p h a se in d ic a te s th a t a large p a rt
of the o rig in al Cl p re s e n t in th e m elt is a c tu a lly lo s t to th e hydrotherm al
flu id . At early s ta g e s of c ry s ta lliz a tio n , fluid in c lu sio n s trap p ed a very
sa lin e flu id , a t la te r s ta g e s , flu id in c lu sio n s trap p ed a le s s s a lin e flu id
b e c a u se of th e d ilu tio n by a d d itio n of w a te r. T herefore, Cl v a lu e s are
low er in the a lte re d th an in the n o n a ltere d r o c k s . D avis (1974) su g g e ste d
th a t w hole rock a n a ly s is of Cl m ight be a s good an in d ic a to r of the o p e r
atio n of a hydrotherm al sy stem as fluid in c lu s io n s . This work proves
th a t high C l c o n te n t w o u ld , in f a c t, in d ic a te u n a lte re d a r e a s , volum es
of ro ck th a t were not perm eated by hydrotherm al s y s te m s . This Cl d i s
trib u tio n p a tte rn reaffirm s K esler et a l . 's (1972) c o n c lu sio n th a t w a te r-
e x tra c ta b le Cl is not d ire c tly re la te d to m in e ra liz a tio n . From th is work
and th a t of D avis (1974), it is ap p aren t th a t th e a n a ly tic a l m ethod u se d
is not d iscrim in ato ry e n o u g h . Cl from prim ary in c lu sio n s w ith high s a
lin ity , a s w e ll a s Cl from se c o n d a ry in c lu sio n s w ith low s a lin ity , c a n
not be d istin g u is h e d in bulk rock a n a ly s is , and th e re is s t i ll the
p o s s ib ility th a t Cl trap p e d in m in erals can a ls o be le a c h e d o u t.

178
W ater R equirem ents
Large am ounts of w a ter are required to produce the am ount of
hydrous a lte ra tio n m inerals th a t are enco u n tered in porphyry ore d e p o s i ts .
The g eo logic lite ra tu re abounds w ith a rtic le s proving th a t m eteo ric w a
te rs p lay an im portant role in the form ation of a lte ra tio n a s s e m b la g e s .
One is lead to think th a t th ere is an in su ffic ie n t am ount of w a te r in c ry s
ta lliz in g magmas to produce th e am ount of a lte ra tio n m in e ra ls . The m ax
imum p e rc en t by w eight of w ater in b io tite is about 4 , in m u sco v ite 4 .5 ,
and in k ao lin ite 14. G iven an o rig in a l magma c o n ta in in g in itia lly 1 p e r
cen t by w eight w a ter and assu m in g th a t a ll the w a ter e n te rs the hydroxyl
bearing m in e ra ls , 25 p e rc e n t b io tite and 22 p e rc e n t m uscovite or 7
p e rc en t k a o lin ite could in d iv id u a lly accom m odate the o rig in a l w ater
during normal c ry s ta lliz a tio n . According to Fournier (1969) and Lowell
and G uilbert (1970), porphyry ore d e p o sit in tru sio n s are em placed b e
tw een 5 ,000 and 10,000 fe e t from the s u r f a c e . At th e s e d e p th s , the
lith o s ta tic p re ssu re is b etw een 0 .5 and 1 .0 Kb. U nder su ch p r e s s u r e s ,
re c a llin g th a t ore in tru sio n s vary in com position from q u a rtz -d io ritic to
g ra n itic , w ater c o n te n t of th e m elt can be a s high a s 2 .5 and 4 .0 p e r
c en t by w eight (Burnham, 1967).
Even a t M ineral P ark, Santa R ita, and M o re n ci, w here th e m ax
imum m uscovite c o n ten t is around 40 p e rc e n t, lo c a l sa tu ra tio n of the
o rig in al magma would not be req u ired to produce th e in d ic a te d lo c a l
am ounts of m u sc o v ite . The m odal and norm al c o m p o sitio n s of the M oren
c i qu artz m onzonite are g iv en in T ab les 11 and 12, th a t of the M ineral
Park q uartz m onzonite in T ables 20 and 21, and th a t of the Santa Rita
gran o d io rite in T ab les 23 and 2 4 . T hese ta b le s in d ic a te th a t th e

179
m uscovite c o n ten t is in the order of 30 to 40 p e rc e n t a t M ineral Park and
M orenci and in the order of 20 and 35 p e rc e n t a t Santa R ita. But m ost
probably not a ll the w ater is fixed in hydrous m in e ra ls . B reccias th a t
probably provided e sc a p e c o n d u its are p re s e n t a t S ant R ita, M o ren ci,
and S ierrita; fa u lts th a t are probably as e ffe ctiv e a s b re c c ia s are a b u n
d an t in a ll d e p o s its . In a d d itio n , th e orthom agm atic g e n e tic m odel of
porphyry ore d e p o sits im plies th a t through c ry s ta lliz a tio n th e magma b e
com es sa tu ra te d w ith w a ter and th a t a t a c e rta in p o in t th e p re s su re a p
p lie d by the aqueous p h a se e x c e e d s the lith o s ta tic lo a d . T his le a d s to
fracturing and p o s s ib ly b re c c ia tio n of the rock and to th e re le a s e of
v o la tile s . In five of th e d e p o s its , th e m u sco v ite c o n te n t is below 30
p e rc e n t, su g g e stin g th a t the fa u lts and b re c c ia s w ere e ffe c tiv e o u tle ts
of w a te r. In d e p o s its w here more th an 20 p e rc e n t m u sco v ite or 5 p e rc en t
k a o lin ite are fo u n d , th ere are num erous e v id e n c e s of supergene a c tiv ity .
In eig h t sa m p le s, more hydrous m in erals were formed a t M ineral P ark,
Santa R ita, and M orenci than could be a cc o u n te d for by a s a tu ra te d m ag
ma: 50 p e rc en t k a o lin ite in M P41, about 40 p e rc e n t m uscovite p lu s 15
p e rc en t k a o lin ite in M P6, M P20, M P31, and M P39, 35 p e rc e n t m usco
v ite p lu s 20 p e rc e n t k a o lin ite in SR26 and SR35, and 18 p e rc e n t m us
co v ite and 19 p e rc en t k a o lin ite in M 20, w h ic h ,’re s p e c tiv e ly , req u ire
7, 4 , 4 .5 , and 3 .5 p e rc e n t by w eig h t w a ter in the m agm a. In the p re
ceding eight sa m p le s, m eteo ric supergene w a te rs seem to be n e c e s s a ry
in order to produce th e s e larg e am ounts of hydrous m in e ra ls , but g e n e r
a lly in the th ree s u p e rg e n e -a lte re d d e p o s its and th e n o n -s u p e rg e n e -
a lte re d d e p o sits of N ew C o rn e lia , S ie rrita , C opper C itie s , B renda, and

180
Thompson C re ek , sa tu ra tio n of the o rig in al magma is not even req u ired
to produce the o b serv ed am ount of hydrous m in e ra ls.
Hydrogen and Oxygen Iso to p e R atios
Hydrogen and oxygen iso to p e ra tio s in d ic a te th a t m eteoric
w ater are involved in th e form ation of the hydrous m in erals of porphyry
m ineral d e p o sits (Sheppard, N ie ls e n , and T aylor, 1969, 1971). T hese
ra tio s give w eight to the g e n e tic m odels of W h ite , M uffler, and T ru e s-
d e ll (1971) and Norton (1972), w hich require the g e n eratio n of c o n v e c
tiv e sy stem s w ith m eteoric w a te r s , the energy source of w hich is the
h e a t provided by the m agm a. Sheppard e t a l . (1971) s ta te d th a t m eteoric
w aters m ingle w ith m agm atic o n es a t the boundary b etw een p o ta s s ic and
p h y llic z o n e s . This a s s e rtio n w ould imply e ith e r a sig n ific a n t drop of
Cl c o n ten t a t th e boundary b etw een the two a lte ra tio n z o n es or a p ro
g re s s iv e ly low er C l c o n ten t in more p h y llic a lly a lte re d ro ck s and a
p ro g re ssiv e ly h igher C l c o n te n t in p o ta s s ic a lly a lte re d o n es tow ard th e
c en te r of the sy s te m . D avis (1974), looking a t fluid in c lu sio n s a t San
M an u el, A rizona, show ed th a t th ere w as no sig n ific a n t ste p w ise change
in the Cl c o n ten t of fluid in c lu sio n s from dom inantly p o ta s s ic to dom i
n an tly p h y llic z o n e s . In m ost d e p o s its of th is stu d y , Cl is n e ith e r
re la te d to p o ta s s ic nor to p h y llic a lte ra tio n , and th ere is no ste p w ise
change in the Cl c o n te n t of the ro c k s . But at S anta R ita, w here Sheppard
et a l . made th e ir p rin c ip a l in v e s tig a tio n , th is re la tio n seem ed to support
th e ir fin d in g s . H ow ever, th is stu d y re v e a le d no ste p w ise change in the
Cl c o n te n t, su g g e stin g th a t th ere m ight be an o th er e x p la n atio n for the
hydrogen and oxygen iso to p e ra tio v a ria tio n s . Supergene a lte ra tio n is
181
only in te n se w ithin the p h y llic zone b e c a u se th ere p y rite is very abun
d a n t. O xidation of p yrite pro d u ces the a c id n e c e s s a ry for in te n se su p e r
gene a lte ra tio n . C hlorine is le a c h e d from the rock in p h y llic zo n es w ith
supergene overprint; fluorine e q u ilib ra te s w ith the OH” of th e m ic a s ,
a lterin g the o rig in al iso to p e ra tio s a s a function of pH; e n tire ly su p e r
gene m icas are alm o st c e rta in ly produced from p re e x istin g m in e ra ls .
C o n se q u e n tly , hydrogen and oxygen iso to p e ra tio s w ill change from
m eteoric to m agm atic v a lu e s a t the boundary b etw een p h y llic and p o ta s -
s ic a lte ra tio n a s s e m b la g e s . Also D avis (1974) w arned th a t b e c a u se of
the abundance of seco n d ary fluid in c lu sio n s one should be c a re fu l in
an aly zin g hydrogen and oxygen iso to p e ra tio s in quartz b e c a u s e th e y
may not re fle c t the com position of the o rig in a l flu id . It is co n clu d ed
th a t the orthom agm atic m odel is b e tte r su pported by th e ch em ic al e v i
dence th an is the c o n v ec tiv e m odel and th a t th e oxygen and hydrogen
iso to p e ra tio s of c la y m in erals in s u p e rg e n e -a lte re d d e p o s its should be
re in terp re te d in the lig h t of the F” —OH" equilibrium e x c h a n g e .
The Supposed Continuum
In th is s tu d y , the v a lu e s of Cr are a lw ay s much h ig h er and
th o se of Zr and Cl low er th an the v a lu e s given by T urekian and W edepohl
(1961), as show n in T able 3 6 . In quartz m o n z o n ite s, Al, N a , and M g,
have higher v a lu e s and K and Mn low er o n e s; in g ra n o d io rite s , Mg and
F are h ig h e r, w h ereas K, B a, and Ti are low er th an the v a lu e s g iven by
N ockolds (1954) (see T able 3 5 ). Except for C r, C l, and F , a ll th e s e
d ifferen c e s may s t i ll be w ith in the a n a ly tic a l e rro rs .

182
There is no m ajor p etro g ra p h ic d iffe re n c e , including a lte ra tio n
p etro g raphy, betw een the porphyry copper and m olybdenum ore d e p o s its
in th is s tu d y . The b eh av io r of ch em ical elem en ts through a lte ra tio n and
c ry s ta lliz a tio n is sim ila r in both ty p e s of d e p o s its . The only (m ajor?)
chem ical d iffe re n c e s lie in the d istrib u tio n s of Be, Ba, Sr, S i, F , C l,
Ti, and C u . B eryllium , barium , and strontium are h igher by 35, 15, and
50 p ercen t by w e ig h t, re s p e c tiv e ly , in fresh ro ck s of Thompson C reek
th an in other d e p o sits (Table 3 6 ). S ilic a and fluorine are h ig h er a t
Thompson C reek th an a t Santa Rita and B renda, w hich h ave sim ila r rock
ty p e s . But for B renda, w hich is an in term ed iate type m em ber, none of
th e s e re la tio n s h o ld s , not even to a le s s e r e x te n t. Although looked for,
Sn and W w ere but rare ly d e te c te d , b eing g e n e ra lly below th e 10 and 5
ppm d e te c tio n lim its , re s p e c tiv e ly , even a t Thompson C re e k . T heir o c
currence a t C lim ax and H en d erso n , C o lorado, would in d ic a te th a t th e y
should be p re se n t a t Thompson C reek if it is a ty p ic a l porphyry m olyb
denum d e p o s it. C hlorine and Ti a t Brenda and Thom pson C reek are much
low er th an a t Santa Rita or th an in the ro ck s rep o rted by T urekian and
W ed ep o hl. The h ig h e s t F v a lu e s are en co u n tered a t M ineral P ark, w hich
is a porphyry copper d e p o sit w ith high m olybdenum v a lu e s .
The m ajor d ifferen c e b etw een the tw o ty p e s of d e p o sit w as e x
p e cted to show up in the re la tio n sh ip b etw een Cu and C l and b etw een
Mo and F. K rauskopf (1964) had p o in ted out th a t ch lo rid e and fluoride
com plexes should p lay an im portant role in a q u eo u s p h a se tra n s p o rt of
Cu and M o, re s p e c tiv e ly . There is a sm all in d ic a tio n from th e fre sh
rock average a b u n d an ces (Table 36) th a t chlo rin e is high in c o p p er
bearing ro ck s and th a t fluorine is h ig h in m olybdenum -bearing o n e s;

183
how ever, according to c o rre la tio n c o e ffic ie n ts d ev elo p ed in th is s tu d y ,
th ere is no d ire c t c o rre la tio n of C l to Cu and F to M o. R ather, F and Cu
are re la te d (Tables 37, 38, 40, 4 2 , 44, 46, and 4 8 ), and Si and Mo are
p o sitiv e ly re la te d a s a w hole (Table 4 8 ), su g g e stin g e ith e r th a t Mo is to
be found in qu artz v e in s , a s em p h asized by C lark (1972), or th a t Mo
should be found in more f e ls ic ro ck s th a n C u .
AKF and ACF diagram s have not brought to lig h t s u b s ta n tia l d if
fe re n c e s in the re p re se n ta tio n of c o p p e r-ric h and m olybdenum -rich d e
p o s its . The b ehavior of m ajor and m inor elem ents did not ap p ear to be
d iv erg en t in e ith e r ty p e s of d e p o s its , ex cep t for th e few p o in ts d e sc rib e d
in the p reced in g p a ra g ra p h s . Rock ty p e s are not p e tro g ra p h ic a lly or g e o -
ch em ically sy s te m a tic a lly d iffe re n t, and a lte ra tio n a sse m b la g e s are
sim ilar in q u a lity , in te n s ity , and e x te n s iv e n e s s . Although one m ust
keep in mind th a t Thompson C reek is not a s ty p ic a l an exam ple of a
m olybdenum -rich d e p o sit a s are C lim ax and H e n d erso n , a ll th e s e o b s e r
v a tio n s point tow ard a resem b lan ce b etw een porphyry c o p p e r-ric h and
porphyry m olybdenum -rich d e p o s its . The resem b lan c e re in fo rc e s th e
id ea of a unique c la s s of d e p o sits a s proposed by Low ell and G u ilb ert
(1970). U n le ss the C uS-(CuS + MoSg) ra tio gap (Table 1 and F ig . 1) is
due to an econom ic b ia s , th e d iffe re n c e s p o in te d out by C lark (1972) and
K esler (1973) w ill have to be e x p lain ed in a g e n e tic b reak b etw een th e
porphyry copper-m olybdenum type d e p o sits and the c la s s ic porphyry
molybdenum d e p o s its of th e C lim ax -H en d erso n -U rad -R ed w ell ty p e .
W hether or not the re s u lts o f th is stu d y can be ex ten d ed to d e p o s its lik e
E ndako, H udson Bay M olybdenum , and Q u e sta is u n c le a r.

184
S illito e (1972) su g g e ste d th a t porphyry type d e p o s its around the
w orld have b een g e n e ra te d by p a rtia l m elting of c o p p e r-ric h and
m olybdenum -rich o c e a n ic c ru s ta l ro ck s from su b d u ctio n z o n es a t the
ju n ctu res of lith o sp h e ric p la te s . H o llis te r (1973), h o w ev er, arriv ed a t
the co n clu sio n th a t th ere h a s b e en no tim e dep en d en ce in the g e o g ra p h ic -
te c to n ic occurrence of South Am erican d e p o s its , th ereb y c h alle n g in g
S illito e 's (1972) m odel. F ield et a l. (1973) found an im perfect e a s t -
to -w est age d e c re a se in B ritish C olum bia and rep o rted a w e s t - t o - e a s t
age d e c re a se in A laska from the c o n tin e n ta l m argin in la n d . They a ls o
d istin g u ish e d s ix age in te rv a ls of porphyry-type m in e ra liz a tio n but
could not s a tis fa c to rily a s s o c ia te any o f them w ith e s s e n tia lly c o p p e r-
or m olybdenum -rich o c c u rre n c e s . Lowell (1974) conclu d ed th a t the sim
p le model of p la te te c to n ic s as o u tlin e d by S illito e (1972) could not
e x p lain the d istrib u tio n o f so u th w e ste rn Am erican porphyry d e p o s its .
He poin ted out an age d e c re a se from n o rth w est to s o u th e a s t for the p o r
phyry d e p o sits of th e B asin a n d Range p ro v in c e . L ivingston (n .d .) su b
s ta n tia te s L o w ell's fin d in g . To b e s t accom m odate Sr and Rb iso to p e
d a ta , L ivingston p roposed a m odel of a sta tio n a ry hot sp o t under a mi
gratin g p la te a s a source of the in tru s io n s , in d ic a tin g th a t in tru s io n s
a s s o c ia te d w ith porphyry-type m in e ra liz a tio n are the re s u lt o f m ixing of
low er c ru s ta l and upper m antle m aterial w ith su b se q u e n t fra c tio n a l c ry s
ta lliz a tio n . Although th e re may n o t be a unique p la te te c to n ic m odel for
the g e n e s is of m in e raliza tio n a s s o c ia te d w ith in tru siv e ro c k s , th e d if
feren ce in copper and m olybdenum c o n ten t of the d e p o s its is probably
g e o g ra p h ica lly and g e n e tic a lly re la te d to th e so u rce of the m agm a. More
sta b le iso to p e d a ta w ork, com parable to th a t of L iv in g sto n , w ill be

185
n e c e ssa ry to b e tte r u n d e rstan d p la te te c to n ic m echanism s and th e m etal
co n ten t of ro ck s g e n e ra te d by th e s e m echanism .
C o n c lu sio n s
1. £KF and ACF diagram s m odified by se ttin g the F fa c to r eq u al to
the sum of FeO + MgO + MnO + TiC>2 m inus the su lfu r of c h a l-
copyrite and pyrite linked to iron p ro v id es an in d ic a tio n of
o v e ra ll a lte ra tio n c h em ical tr e n d s . The AKF diagram in d ic a te s
a d ire c t re la tio n sh ip b etw een p o ta s s ic a lte ra tio n and the drift
of re p re se n ta tiv e p o in ts tow ard the K a p e x . For p h y llic a lte r a
tio n , though not a s good, th e p o in ts sh ift tow ard the m uscovite
p o in t. The ACF diagram is not as u se fu l a s th e AKF diagram .
2. N egative an o m alies in Al, C a , N a , F e+2 , Fe+3, M g, T i, N i,
Sr, Ba, V, and Cl accom panied by p o s itiv e a n o m alies in HgO,
S , C u, Pb, Zn, K, F , and Zr are in d ic a tiv e of m in e ralize d and
a lte re d r o c k s .
3. Cr and N i p o sitiv e an o m alies com bined w ith n e g a tiv e V anom
a lie s are good in d ic a to rs of the su p erg en e environm ent. A
strong F enrichm ent w ith p o sitiv e c o rre la tio n c o e ffic ie n ts b e
tw een F, Be, and Fe+^ in d ic a te m in e ralize d a r e a s .
4. At some d e p o s its , n e g ativ e c o rre la tio n s w ere found b etw een
Al and p h y llic a lte ra tio n and b etw een Fe+3 and p o ta s s ic a lte r
a tio n , and p o s itiv e c o rre la tio n s w ere noted b etw een F and
p h y llic a lte ra tio n and b etw een F and C u. There w as no c o rre
latio n b etw een F and M o, even in the m olybdenum -rich d e
p o s its .
186
5. The d a ta p re se n te d in d ic a te th a t th e hydrotherm al flu id is of
c o llin e a r o rig in . R elatio n s b etw een th e d iffe re n tia tio n in d ex
and m ajor elem en ts in d ic a te th a t th e hydrotherm al flu id s are a
continuum of m agm atic p r o c e s s e s .
6. The equilibrium exchange a s a function of pH b etw een F ” and
OH** in the c la y s of su p erg en e environm ents may m odify the
oxygen and e s p e c ia lly hydrogen iso to p e d a ta in a lte re d ro ck s
in a d ire c tio n th a t re d u c e s th e am ount of m eteoric w a ter in
volvem ent in d ic a te d by e a rlie r sta b le iso to p e s t u d i e s .

APPENDIX A
RESULTS OF ANALYSES
187
188
The m ajor elem en ts w ere an aly ze d by Skyline L a b s , W heat
R idge, C olorado, and the m inor e le m e n ts , e x ce p t for fluorine and
c h lo rin e , by Specomp S e rv ic e s , S team boat S p rin g s , C o lo ra d o . The Sky
line L ab s' own sta n d a rd s w ere sy s te m a tic a lly in te rs p e rs e d betw een
sam p les of th is s tu d y . P re c isio n and a c c u ra c y w ere d eriv ed from th e s e
s ta n d a rd s . S ilicon w as m easured w ith a Bausch and Lomb S p ectro n ic 20
spectro p hotom eter; th e a c c u ra c y g iv en is 3 p e rc e n t and the p re c is io n
2 .6 p e rc en t (Skyline L a b s . Al, K, N a , C a , M g, and Fe w ere m easured
by atom ic ab so rp tio n on a Perkin Elmer m odel 403 instru m en t; th e a c c u r
acy is 1 .6 p e rc e n t and the p re c is io n 2 .5 p e rc e n t (Skyline L ab s). C u, Pb,
and Zn atom ic a b so rp tio n a n a ly s e s for the Thompson C reek and Brenda
d e p o sits had an a c c u ra c y of 3 .1 p e rc e n t and a p re c is io n of 4 .4 p e rc e n t;
for the Mo a n a l y s e s , the a c c u ra c y w as 3 p e rc e n t, but the p re c isio n
only 17 p e rc e n t.
All minor e le m e n ts , including Ti and M n, w ere m easu red by
e m issio n sp e c tro g ra p h y , u sin g a U .S .G .S . ty p e W adsw orth m ounted,
Jarrell-A sh , 1 .5 m eter, dc a rc -e m is s io n sp ectro g rap h eq uipped w ith a
w a te r-c o o le d arc s ta n d , 15 x Jarrell-A sh m icrophotom eter com parator,
u ltra carbon preform ed e le c tro d e s (Ultra "F" p u rity g ra p h ite , #7075
low er and #1964 u p p e r), and an argon a tm o sp h e re . C h a rle s Thompson
of Skyline Labs p repared th e s ta n d a r d s . V alues w ere rea d by the
U .S .G .S . s ix - s te p m ethod.
D ata from S c h u ste r (1972) are p re s e n te d for c o m p ariso n . Table
A -l g iv es the p re c is io n of h is a n a ly s e s on re p e a te d runs of two sa m p le s .
Table A-2 g iv es th e a c c u ra c y on s e v e ra l sam p les run by tw o a n a ly s ts :

T able A - l . P re c is io n of d c -a rc sp e c tro g ra p h ic r e s u l t s . — From S c h u ste r (1972)
Elem ent in P arts p e r M illion
Sam ple Ba Co Cr Cu Mn Mo Nb Ni Pb Sr V Zr
70 30 70 150 700 N L 70 L 500 700 70

70 30 50 150 700 N N 70 10 200 300 70
70 30 30 150 700 N N 50 L 300 300 100
70 30 70 200 500 N N 100 10 300 500 70
50 20 30 100 500 L N 30 10 200 200 50
70 30 50 150 700 N L 70 L 300 300 50

70 30 50 100 500 N N 70 10 300 300 50
70 20 30 70 500 N N 50 L 300 300 100
70 20 30 100 500 N N 30 10 200 200 50
70 50 70 200 1000 3 10 70 N 300 500 100
70 30 50 150 1500 N N 100 70 70 300 150

70 30 50 150 700 N 10 100 10 300 300 150
70 30 50 150 1000 3 L 70 15 200 500 100
70 20 30 150 700 3 70 70 10 100 300 100
M ean 6 8 .6 2 8 .6 4 7 .1 141 729 0 .6 6 .4 3 6 7 .9 6 .7 9 255 357 8 6 .4
S t. D ev . 5 .3 4 7 .7 0 1 5 .4 3 6 .9 279 1 .3 1 8 .6 2 2 .6 5 .4 1 105 140 3 4 .1
189
T able A - l . P re c is io n — C ontinued
Elem ent in P arts per M illio n

Ba Co Cr Cu Mn Mo Nb Ni Pb Sr V Zn Zr
AHA-336 70 30 70 70 700 N N 70 10 300 500 N 30

70 30 30 30 700 N N 70 N 150 300 N 50
70 50 30 30 700 N N 70 L 150 300 300 70
70 30 50 30 700 N N 50 N 150 200 300 30
70 30 50 50 1000 L L 100 N 150 500 200 50
70 30 30 50 1000 N N 70 10 300 300 300 30

70 30 50 30 500 N N 70 10 200 500 200 50
70 30 30 30 700 N N 70 N 150 300 300 30
70 30 50 70 500 N N 100 N 150 300 300 50
70 30 50 70 1500 5 L .70 10 200 300 N 50
70 20 50 70 1000 3 L 70 10 300 300 N 30

100 30 30 70 1000 N 10 100 L 200 500 300 50
70 30 50 70 1000 5 N 1000 10 70 500 200 70
70 30 30 50 1000 3 L 50 L 70 300 200 30
M ean 7 2 .1 3 0 .7 4 2 .9 5 1 .4 857 1.1 0 .7 1 140 4 .2 9 170 364 186 4 2 .1
S t. D ev . 8 .0 2 6 .1 6 1 2 .7 18.3 265 2 .0 2 .6 7 248 5 .1 4 68 108 129 2 0 .3
N = n o t d e te c te d ; L = p re s e n t in n o n m easu rab le am ount

Table A -2 . P re c is io n of d c -a r c spectro'graphic r e s u l t s . —From S c h u ste r (1972)
Element in Parts per M illion

Ba Co Cr Cu Mn Nb Ni Pb Sr V Zr
AHA-344 a 50 50 1500 20 1500 10 150 L 200 200 50

-345 50 50 1500 100 1500 10 150 L 200 300 70
-361 100 50 1500 100 1500 10 . 150 L 200 200 70
-375 50 30 1000 70 1000 10 100 L 200 200 50
-387 200 50 3000 20 2000 10 300 L 100 150 50
-389 30 50 2000 10 2000 10 300 L L 100 50

-394 50 70 5000 50 2000 10 500 L 100 200 50
-444 100 50 3000 100 2000 10 500 10 150 200 50
-475 50 50 3000 20 2000 10 700 L 100 100 50
-476 30 70 5000 10 1500 10 700 L L 100 20
Mean 7 1 .0 5 2 .0 2650 5 0 .0 1700 10 355 1 125 175 51
AHA-344 b 20 50 1000 30 1000 10 150 N 100 150 10

-345 10 70 1500 70 1000 10 200 N 100 150 10
-361 70 50 1000 100 1000 10 150 N 200 200 30
-375 20 50 1000 70 1000 10 ISO .N 200 200 L
-387 100 70 4000 40 1000 10 700 N L 100 L
-389 L 70 5000 20 1000 10 1000 N L 150 N

-394 20 70 4000 30 1000 . 10 700 N L 150 N
-444 100 70 3000 70 1000 10 700 N L 150 N
-475 N 150 5000 40 1200 10 1500 N L 150 L
-476 N 100 5000 15 1000 10 1000 N L 150 N
Mean 3 4 .0 7 5 .0 3050 4 8 .5 1020 10 625 N 60 155 5
a . A nalyst, E. F . C ooley, U . S .G .S . , Denver.

b . A nalyst, T. H ancock, Specomp S erv ices, I n c ., Steamboat Springs, C olo.
191
192
E. F . C o o ley , U .S . G e o lo g ic al S urvey, D enver, and Tom H ancock of
Specomp S e rv ic e s , Steam boat S p rin g s, C olorado.
The a n a ly tic a l error for th e ch lo rin e and fluorine a n a ly s e s is
briefly d is c u s s e d in Appendix B. C hlorine a n a ly s e s are w ith in 5 p e rc en t
for acc u ra c y and 10 p e rc e n t for p re c isio n ; F a n a ly s e s are w ithin 10 p e r
cen t for a c c u ra c y and 5 p e rc e n t for p re c is io n .
For each sa m p le , th e sum of a ll o x id e s and s u lfid e s , not in
cluding w ater from lo s s on ig n itio n , w as b etw een 9 3 .9 3 p e rc e n t by
w eight and 103.20 p e rc e n t by w e ig h t, w ith an av erag e of 9 8 .0 6 p e rc e n t
and a stan d ard d e v ia tio n of 1 .9 7 p e rc e n t. Adding w a ter from lo s s on ig
n itio n , the av erag e w as 9 9 .7 8 p e rc e n t by w eig h t and th e sta n d ard d e v i
atio n 1 .8 8 p e rc e n t. Sam ples for w hich the sum of the o x id es and su lfid e s
including w ater from lo s s on ig n itio n did n o t add to 100 + 5 p e rc e n t w ere
d is c a rd e d .
R esu lts are p re s e n te d in p e rc en t by w e ig h t for m ajor and m inor
elem ents and in c a tio n p e rc e n t for the m ajor e le m e n ts . A bbreviations
u se d are; C hlor = c h lo rin e , Fluor = flu o rin e . D ens = d e n s ity , and No
= id e n tific a tio n num ber.

T able A -3 . A n aly tical d a ta , in p e rc e n t.b y w e ig h t, of g ran ite porphyry from
the C opper C itie s mine
NO DENS S 102 AL203 K2 0 NA 20 CAO FEO MGO MNO T I 02 SULFU F E 2 0 3 C 02

CC 1 2.78 71.00 11.34 5.78 • 65 .14 4.63 1.29 .02 .50 .73 0 . DO 0.00
CC 2 2.45 71.00 13.04 6.14 1.75 .73 2.44 .96 .01 • 33 • 74 0.00 .61
CC 3 2.53 7 3 . 00 12.28 5.54 .78 .07 1.93 .33 .01 .33 .58 4.00 0.00
CC 4 2.51 73.00 12.47 6.38 1.48 .16 1.93 .90 .02 .50 1.14 0.03 0.00
CC 5 2.59 79.00 10.21 5.54 .49 .04 1.80 .66 .01 .33 1.57 0.00 0.00
CC 6 2.72 7 6 . 00 12.10 5.66 2.56 .20 1.80 .85 .03 .33 .37 0.00 0.00
CC 25 2.67 69.00 12.47 6.26 1 . 35 .60 2.32 1.09 .01 . 50 .50 0.00 .47
CC26 2.60 6 9 . 00 12.47 6.75 1.11 .70 2.32 .90 .01 •50 1.11 0.00 .55
C C 27 2.63 7 1 . 00 12.10 5.42 .82 .80 2.70 .96 • 01 .67 2.07 0.00 .63
CC2 B 2.70 71.00 12.10 5.54 1.48 1.05 1.93 .51 .01 .33 1.72 0.00 .77
C C 29 2.75 73.00 10.96 5.30 .59 .13 2.59 .70 .04 .50 2.31 .54 0.00
C C 30 2.71 6 9 . 00 13.04 5.42 2.29 1.40 1.52 .76 .02 .50 .42 2.07 .95
C C 31 2.68 72.00 1 2 . 47 5.54 1.75 1.01 2.06 .65 .02 .50 .84 0.00 .79
C C 32 2.79 72.00 12.47 6.02 .94 .43 2.70 • 65 .01 .50 1.20 0.00 .34
C C 33 2.67 69.00 12.25 5.54 1.13 .70 3.86 1.03 .01 .50 2.37 0.00 .55
C C 34 2.69 72.00 12.10 5.42 1.48 • 66 3.60 .76 .02 .50 .95 0.00 0.00
C C 35 2.71 7 1 . 00 11.91 5.66 1 . 01 .21 3.47 .56 .03 .50 2.64 0.00 0.00
CC36 2.66 74.00 11.53 5.54 1.11 .10 2.70 .71 .01 .83 1.54 0.00 0.00
CC 37 2.62 71.00 12.28 5.18 1.75 .21 1.05 .48 .01 .67 .94 2.01 0.00
CC3 3 2.59 75.00 11.91 4.58 1.62 .20 .01 .33 .01 .50 .01 3.99 0.00
C C 39 2.67 75.00 10.58 3 . 13 •2 . 0 2 .74 2.36 • 60 .03 • 50 .01 2.76 0.00
C C 40 2.51 76.00 11.91 3.73 2.97 .46 •*01 .27 • .01 .17 • 01 2.57 0.00
C C 41 2.66 7 4 . 00 12.47 5.18 2.70 • 66 .71 .56 .03 .50 .01 3.00 0.00
C C 42 2.65 74.00 12.10 5 . 18 2.56 1.34 .47 .45 .03 .50 .00 2.40 0.00
CC 4 3 2.59 73.00 12.28 5.30 2.70 .69 .85 .51 .04 .50 .00 2.69 0.00
193
Table A-3 A n aly tical d a ta , in p e rc e n t by w e ig h t, of g ra n ite porphyry from the C opper
C itie s m ine— C ontinued
NO cus MOS 2 PBS ZNS NIC CR203 V2 0 5 ZR 0 2 B AO BEO SR02 CHLOR FLUOR TOTAL H20
CC 1 .451 .0013 .0035 .0090 . 0025 . 0585 .0261 .0118 .1116 . 0008 .0237 • 015 . 2 4 7 0 96.86 2.87
. 0009 .0023 .0300 • 0013 . 0 2 9 2 .0186 .0118 .0335 • 0006 .0113 • 019 . 1 6 4 2 98.31 .71
CC 2 .301
CC 3 .075 . 0050 .0023 .0090 . 0 0 1 3 . 0438 .0186 .0082 .0335 . 0008 .0118 .013 .1004 9 9 . 16 2.47
CC 4 .902 . 0009 .0023 . 0000 . 0038 . 0585 .0373 .0118 .1116 • 0008 .0237 . 0 1 5 .1360 98.99 1.68
.0012 . 0035 .0013 .0438 . 0186 .0059 . 0335 . COOO .0118 . 0 1 1 . 1 3 2 0 1 0 C . 45 1.27
CC 5 .752 .0334
CC 5 .150 .0117 . 0023 . 0000 . 0013 . 0 5 3 5 .0186 . 0359 .0335 .0008 .0118 . 0 2 0 • 1008 1 0 0 . 2 5 1.27
CC 25 .752 . 0033 • C 03 5 .0000 .0013 .0438 .0186 .0118 .0782 . 0014 .0237 .017 .1352 95.42 • 70
C C 26 1.052 .0025 . 0023 . 0000 . 0013 .0438 .0186 .0082 .0782 • 0003 .0237 .021 .1203 96.42 • 62
CC 2 7 1.503 .0117 . 0023 .0000 . 0013 .0438 . 026 1 .0118 .0782 .0014 .0237 .025 .1536 98.56 • 35
C C 28 .601 . 0025 .0023 . 0000 .0013 . 0438 • 0186 .0353 .0732 .0014 .0237 .018 .0733 97.15 0.00
1 .052 . 0013 . 0023 . 0000 .0013 . 0438 .0186 .0082 .0558 .0014 .0237 .017 .1475 97.68 1 . 13
C C 29
C C 10 .225 . 0008 .0035 . 0000 . 0013 . 0438 .0186 .0059 .1116 .0014 .0237 • 014 . 1 0 9 3 9 7 . 8 7 0.00
CC 31 .451 . 0033 .0035 . 0000 .0013 .0438 • 0186 . 0059 • 0732 .0014 . 0237 . 0 3 1 • 0866 98.22 1.11
C C 32 •6 C1 . 0167 .0023 . 0000 . 0013 .0438 . 0261 .0024 .1116 . 0014 . 0237 .017 .1104 98.04 1.57
CC3 3 .752 .0012 . 0023 . 0000 . 0013 .0438 .0186 .0118 . 0732 .0019 .0237 .008 .1402 97.31 2.02
CC3 4 .225 . 0 003 .0023 . 0000 .0013 . 0438 . 0261 . 0059 . 0558 .0019 .0237 .003 .1230 97.94 2.23
.752 . 0009 .0023 . 0000 . 0013 . 0433 .0186 .0059 .0558 .0014 .0237 .003 .1056 97.75 2.74
CC35
C C 36 .301 . 0000 .0023 . 0000 . 0013' . 0585 . 0261 .0353 .1675 .0019 .0237 . 0 0 7 . 1 0 07 93.69 1.88
CC 3 7 1.203 . 0 03.3 . 00 35 . 0000 . 0025 .0585 . 0261 .0059 . 1116. . 0028 .0237 .011 .0911 97.53 1.67
C C 38 .011 . 0098 .0035 . 0000 ♦0 0 1 3 .0585 .0261 .0176 .1116 . 0028 .0237 • 005 . 0 6 5 9 9 8 . 4 7 1.99
C C 39 .011 .0009 . 0035 . 0000 . 0013 • 0585 • 0373 .0235 . 1116 . 0019 .0355 • 003 . 0551 9 3 . 0 7 1.38
C C 40 • 008 . 0000 . 0 035 .0000 .0013 . 0585 .0186 .0118 . 0558 . 0014 .0237 . 0 0 3 . 0 375 98.31 1.00
C C 41 .008 .0000 .0035 . 0000 .0013 . 0505 .0261 .0113 • 1116 . 0023 .0237 .009 .0791 100.15 .79
CC42 .002 .0000 .0058 . 0000 . 0013 .0585 .0186 .0118 • 1116 .0014 .0237 .002 .0815 99.34 . 55
CC 4 3 .003 . 0000 • 0058 . 0000 .0013 • 0438 .0186 .0176 .1116 • 0028 .0118 .020 .0986 98.90 • 76
194
T able A -4 . A n aly tical d a t a , in c a tio n p e rc e n t of g ra n ite porphyry from th e C opper
C itie s mine
NO S I 02 AL 2 0 3 K 20 NA 20 CAO FEO MGO NO T I 02 H 20 CU SULFU F E 203 C02

CC 1 65.25 12.27 6.77 1.15 .14 3.55 1.77 .02 .34 7.27 .24 4.84 0.00 0.00
CC 2 65.27 14.11 7.19 3.12 .77 1.88 1.32 .01 .23 4.33 .17 5.07 0 . 00 .33
CC 3 67.07 13.29 6.49 1.19 .07 1.48 .45 .01 .23 5.72 .04 4.03 2.76 0.00
CC 4 6 6 . 66 13.41 7.43 2.62 .16 1.47 1.22 .01 .34 4.21 .49 7.79 0.00 0.00
CC 5 72.52 11.03 6.48 . 86 .04 1.38 .91 .01 .23 4.30 .41 7.25 0.00 0.00
CC 6 69.11 12.95 6.56 4.51 .19 1.37 1.14 .02 .23 3.21 . 08 2.51 0 . 00 0.00
CC 2 5 65.74 13.99 7.60 2.49 .61 1.84 1.55 .01 . 36 4.45 .45 3 . 60 0 . 00 0.00
C C 26 6 5 . 15 11.87 8.11 2.32 .71 1.83 1.26 .01 .35 3.90 .62 7 . 83 0 . 00 .21
C C 27 67.41 13.52 6.56 1.51 .81 2.14 1.36 .01 .47 2.28 . 88 12.15 ' 0.00 0.00
CC2 S *7 0 . 0 9 14.06 6.97 2.33 1.11 1.59 .76 .01 .25 0.00 .36 7.85 0 . 00 0.00
C C 29 63.13 12.04 6.30 1.07 .13 2.02 .97 .03 .35 5.34 .60 10.53 .38 0.00
C C 30 67.34 14.98 6.74 4.33 1.46 1.23 1.11 • 02 .37 0.00 .14 3 . 06 1.51 0.00
C C 31 6 5 . 32 11.43 6.45 3.10 .99 1.57 .88 ♦01 .34 4.73 .25 5.73 0 . 00 .99
C C 32 65.79 13.42 7.01 1.67 .42 2.06 . 88 .01 .34 5.56 .33 8.25 0.03 .42
C C 33 62.67 13.13 6.43 2.00 .63 2.94 1.39 .01 • 34 5.69 .40 13.46 0 . 00 .66
C C 34 66.26 13.11 6.35 2.64 .65 2.77 1 . 04 .02 .35 5.05 .12 6.57 0.00 0.00
C C 35 65.65 13.00 6.69 1.32 .21 2.69 .73 • 02 . 35 5.03 • 39 12.51 0 . 00 0.00
C C 36 68.17 12.50 6.50 1.97 • 10 2.08 .93 .01 .58 4.69 .16 9.01 0.00 0.00
C C 37 66.21 13.49 6.15 3.16 .21 .82 .67 .01 .47 4.62 • 66 6.10 1.97 0.00
C C 33 69.78 13.04 9.43 2.91 .19 .01 .46 . 01 .35 5.01 • 01 .05 2.79 0.00
C C 19 70.45 11.71 3.75 3.68 .75 1.85 .83 .02 .35 4.65 .01 .05 1.94 0.00
CC 40 71.34 13.16 4.47 5.39 .46 .00 .37 .01 .12 2.87 . CO .04 1 . 81 0.00
C C 41 66.46 13.59 6.10 4.83 .65 .55 .78 • 02 .35 2.56 .00 .03 2.08 0.00
CC 42 70.14 11.50 6.25 4.70 1.36 .37 .63 .02 .36 .97 • 00 .01 1.71 o.co
C C 43 68.62 13.60 6.35 4.91 .69 .67 .72 .03 .35 2.17 • 00 .01 1.90 0.00
195
T able A -5 . A n aly tical d a t a , in p e rc e n t by w e ig h t, of q u artz m onzonite from
th e New C o rn elia mine
NO DENS S I 02 AL 2 0 3 K20 NA 20 CAO FED HGO UNO T I 02 SU L F U FE203 C 02

A 1 2.51 64.00 15 • 12 3.85 4.04 3.36 2.41 2.16 .04 .33 • 42 2.38 2.63
A 2 2.58 66.0 0 15.50 4.22 3.24 2.94 2.54 1.99 .02 .50 .47 2.07 1.83
A 3 2.68 66.00 15.69 3 . 98 3.64 2.38 2.91 1.99 .03 .33 . .42 .69 .44
A 4 2.63 6 6 . 00 15.12 3.73 3.77 2.24 2.47 1.99 .02 .50 .42 1.33 .88
A 5 2.67 6 7 . 00 15.50 4.34 3.64 2.33 2.60 1.99 .02 .50 .42 1.33 0.00
A 6 2.69 64.00 16.06 3.61 3.77 2 . 80 2.67 1.99 .02 .33 .42 2.07 1.56
A 7 2.75 6 3 . 00 15.12 3.49 4.04 3.36 2.36 1.32 .03 . 33 .05 2.76 .44
A 8 2.74 6 4 . 00 15.50 3 . 85 4.04 3.08 3.29 1.82 .03 .33 .05 .69 2.19
A q 2.64 64.00 15.50 3.61 4.18 2.80 3.31 2.16 .03 .67 1.37 .69 .44
A 10 2.61 6 6 . 00 14.74 4.34 4.04 2.52 2.91 1.32 .03 .50 1.30 .69 .88
A ll 2.76 66.00 15.31 3.25 3.64 2.80 3.55 1.99 .03 .50 .42 .69 0.00
A 12 2.70 6 4 . 00 15.31 3.61 3.10 2 . 38 3.60 1.99 .02 .50 1.34 .69 .44
A ll 2.67 65.00 15.69 3.93 3 . 24 2.10 2.93 1.99 .02 .50 .77 1.33 0.00
A 14 2.62 6 6 . 00 15.69 3.61 3.91 2.10 2.91 1.82 .02 .33 .29 .69 1.65
A 15 2.64 64.00 15.69 3.61 3.51 2 . 52 2.73 1.32 .02 .50 .15 1.38 1.10
A 16 2 .61 66.00 15.50 4.22 3.51 1.82 2.91 1.82 .03 .50 .47 .69 1.38
A 17 2.65 66.00 15.31 3.85 3.37 2.38 1.95 1.99 .02 .67 .87 1.33 .22
A10 2.58 65.00 15.31 3.85 3 . 10 2.24 3.34 2 . 16 .02 .67 .42 0.00 1.76
A 19 2.70 64.00 15.12 3.98 3.10 2.38 1.72 2.16 .02 .50 .28 2.76 1.87
A 20 2.64 6 3 . 00 15.12 4.46 3.37 1.96 2.96 1.99 .03 .50 .47 0.00 1.54
A21 2.66 6 5 . 00 15.12 3.61 2.97 3.08 2.16 2.16 .02 .67 .94 2.07 1.32
A 22 2.59 65.00 14.17 4.22 2.16 3.78 2.57 1.82 .01 .50 .57 0.00 .44
A23 2.71 63.00 12.10 4.46 1.89 1.27 3.47 1.64 .02 .33 1.27 0.00 • 44
A2 4 2.61 6 7 . 00 13.04 5.54 1.48 3.22 1.38 1.41 .03 .33 1.27 .69 0.00
A 25 2.68 63.00 14.17 4.34 2.70 2.24 3.34 1.46 • 03 .33 2.11 0.00 1.50
A 26 2.66 71.00 15.50 4 . 22 4.18 .97 1.67 1.14 .02 .33 .30 0.00 • 76
A27 2.78 69.00 14.36 4.82 2.97 1.96 2.57 1.82 . .02 .50 2.07 0.00 .22
A2 S 2.62 6 3 . 00 14.17 4.70 2.43 1.82 2.91 2.16 .02 .67 1.77 .69 1.35
A29 2.62 6 3 . 00 15.31 4 . 34 3 . 77 1.54 3.09 1.99 .02 .50 2.04 0.00 • 44
A 30 2.63 6 7 . 00 13.23 3.85 3.24 1.54 2.39 1.82 .02 .50 1.51 .69 . 44
A ll 2.70 7 1 . 00 13.80 4.53 2.83 2.24 2.29 1.99 .02 .33 .64 . 34 1.28
A32 2.66 7 1 . 00 13.23 4.46 3.24 3.92 2.57 1.82 .02 .33 1.57 0.00 .22
A ll 2.53 7 1 . 00 12.10 4.10 2.56 1.54 2.01 1.49 .02 .50 .90 . 69 1.00
A 34 2.73 65.00 13.00 4.58 2.83 3.64 2.34 1.66 .02 .50 .67 1.38 .22
A3 S 2.61 6 4 . 00 16.06 3.37 3.77 1.68 2.21 2.49 .01 .67 1.27 1.38 .22
A 36 2.67 6 3 . 00 13.80 4.58 2.56 1.68 3.22 1.54 .01 .50 2.87 0.00 • 44
A 37 2.79 64.00 15.31 3.85 2.33 2.66 4.37 1.63 .01 .67 .74 0.00 .88
A3 8 2.74 6 4 . 00 13.23 4.22 2 . 29 3.50 1.31 1.99 .02 .33 1.54 2.28 2.21
2.71 66.00 16.25 3.61 4.31 3.03 1.74 1.32 .04 .67 .30 t* , 1 4 0.00
A39
A4 0 2.76 65.00 15.69 3.49 3.91 2.80 1.30 1.32 .04 .67 .00 3.45 .11
196
2.68 65.00 14.74 3.61 4 . 04' 2.66 1.54 1.21 • 04 .67 .00 3.45 0.00
A41
T able A -5 . A n aly tical d a ta , in p e rc e n t by w e ig h t, of q u a rtz m onzonite from th e New
C o rn e lia m ine— C ontinued
NO CUS H0S 2 PBS ZNS MIO CR203 V2 0 5 Z R 02 BAD 8E0 S R 02 CHLOR FLUOR TOTAL H 20
A 1 • 225 . 0000 .0012 . 0000 . 0 0 1 3 . 0 2 9 2 . 0 3 7 3 . 0 0 5 9 .1116 .0006 .0591 .003 . 0 542 101.20 .33
A 2 .301 . 0035 .0012 . 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 3 . 0 5 8 5 . 0 3 7 3 . 0059 .1116 . 0006 .0591 .010 .0699 101.35 0.30
A 3 •225 . 0300 .0012 . 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 3 . 0 2 9 2 • 0 261 . 0 0 8 2 .0553 . 0096 .0355 .010 .0622 90.86 1.01
A 4 .225 . 0000 • 0012 . 0 0 3 0 . 0 0 1 3 . 0 2 9 2 . 0 3 7 3 . 00 82 .0732 .0008 .0591 .005 .0362 98.93 .34
A 5 .225 . 0030 • 0030 . 0000 . 0 0 1 3 . 0 4 3 8 . 0 2 6 1 . 0 1 7 6 . 0782 . 0008 .0591 .010 • 0402 100.13 1.64
A 6 •225 . 0000 . 0 00 0 . 0000 . 0 0 0 6 . 3 4 3 8 . 0 1 3 6 . 0059 . 0782 .0006 .0355 .023 .0722 99.74 0.00
A 7 .075 . 0000 . 0000 . 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 6 . 0 2 9 2 . 0 1 3 6 . 0059 . 0558 . 0006 .0591 .011 .0486 9 7 . 09 1.16
A 8 .375 . 0000 . 0 000 . 0000 . 0 0 1 3 . 0 2 9 2 • 0261 . 0 0 5 9 .0553 . 0006 .0355 • 017 .0473 99.15 0.00
A 9 .451 . 0000 .0012 .0000 .0013 .0430 .0373 .0118 .0782 . 0006 .0591 .004 .0412 99.82 .71
Ai O .752 . 0000 .0012 .0000 .0013 .0438 .0373 . 0059 .1116 . 0006 .0591 .005 .0435 100.53 .59
A ll .225 . 0000 .0012 . 0330 .0013 .0438 . 0373 .0118 .1116 . 0006 .0828 .012 .0634 98.69 .97
A12 .752 . 0033 .0012 . 0000 .0013 .0438 • 0261 . 0059 .0782 .0008 .1183 .006 .0556 9 0 . 39 .97
A13 .752 . 0000 .0012 . 0003 .0013 .3438 .0186 . 0059 .1116 .0000 .0355 .018 .0463 98.42 1.61
A14 .030 .0000 .0012 . 0000 .0013 .0438 . 0261 .0324 . 1116 . 0006 .0355 .007 .0571 99.32 .39
A15 • 225 . 0000 .0012 .0000 .0013 .0438 .0261 . 0059 . 0782 . 0006 .0355 .009 . 0507 97.42 1.57
A16 .301 .0000 .0012 . 0000 .0013 .0438 .0261 . 0059 .1116 .0006 . 0591 .003 .0578 99.35 0.00
A17 .902 . 0030 .0012 . 0300 .0013 .0438 . 0261 . 0059 .1116 . 0006 .0591 .014 . 0640 98.94 .59
A18 .225 . 00 0 0 .0012 . 0000 .0013 .0438 . 026 1 .0059 .1116 . 0006 .0355 .022 .0503 98.31 ♦71
At 9 .225 .0000 .0012 . 0000 .0013 .0438 .0261 . 0024 . 1116 <0 0 0 6 .3548 .007 .0512 98.63 .13
A2 0 .391 . 0000 .0012 . 0 000 .0913 .0438 . 026 1 .0024 • 1116 . 0006 .0355 .025 .0537 100.89 .41
A21 .601 .0000 .0012 . 0000 . 0013 .0438 .0373 .0176 .1116 .0006 . 0591 .004 .0512 99.33 1.43
A2 2 .451 . 003 0 .0012 . 0033 .0013 .0438 . 0261 . 0059 .1116 .0006 ♦0 2 3 7 . 003 • 0490 9 5 . 82 3.53
A2 3 1.503 . 0003 .0012 . 0030 .0013 .0438 .0261 . 0059 .1116 .0006 .0118 .014 • 0632 96.17 .73
A 24 1.503 . 0000 .0012 . 0000 .0013 .0292 . 0 261 .0059 .1116 . 0006 .0237 .019 .0762 97.19 2.32
A2 9 .752 . 0 030 • 0012 . 0000 .0913 .0438 . 0373 . 0059 .1116 .0006 .0355 .020 .0719 101.04 0.00
.451 . 0030 .0012 . 0030 .0013 .0535 .0373 . 0059 . 1116 .0006 .0355 .013 .0664 100.72 .27
A26
A 27 1.503 . 0000 .0012 . 0000 .0013 .0535 .0373 .0082 .1116 .0006 .0355 .011 .0556 101.64 .94
A23 1.052 .0030 .0012 . 0000 .0013 .0505 .0373 .0118 . 1116 .0006 .0355 .010 .0761 101.72 0.00
. 00 53 .0012 . 0030 .0013 .0565 .0373 . 0059 .1116 . 0006 .0591 .002 .0683 102.03 .73
A 29 1.052
A3 0 1.052 . 0050 .0012 .0000 .0013 .0585 .0261 . 0059 .1116 . 0006 . 0591 .017 .0710 97.29 • 53
.752 . 0030 .0012 .0030 .0013 .0585 .0261 .0059 .1116 . 0006 .0591 .041 .0413 102.18 0.00
A31
A 32 .752 . 0030 .0012 .0000 .0013 .0438 . 0261 . 0059 . 0782 . 0006 . 0591 .031 .0723 103.20 .70
. 0000 .0012 .0000 .0013 .0585 .0373 . 0059 . 0782 . 0006 .0591 .015 .0361 93.69 0.00
A33 .752
A3 4 .601 .0000 .0012 . 0000 .0013 .0438 .0373 .0118 .1116 .0006 .0591 .010 .0580 97.36 .93
1.503 .0157 .0012 .0030 .0025 .0292 .0373 . 0059 .1116 .0006 .0591 .020 .0943 98.52 1.45
A35
A 36 1.503 . 0030 . 0 00 0 . 0000 .0025 .0585 .0186 .0059 .1116 .0000 .0355 .013 • 0602 100.50 .47
A37 .301 .000 0 . 0 000 .0000 .0013 .0438 • 0373 .0235 .1116 . 0006 .0591 .010 .0470 97.48 1.02
A 38 1.503 .0000 .0012 . 0 000 .0025 .0585 .0559 . 0235 . 1116 . 0006 .0591 .015 . 0 525 99.29 0.00
.005 .0000 • 0012 .0000 .0025 .0438 .0373 .0176 .1675 . 0008 .1183 .020 .0233 102.11 .80
A39
• 003 . 0030 .0023 . 0000 .0036 .0585 .0186 .0353 .2233 .0006 .1183 .022 .0470 99.31 1.34
A40
197
A 41 .002 .0000 .0012 . 0000 .0025 .0585 . 0261 .0118 .1675 .0008 .1183 .006 .0397 97.40 • 64
T able A - 6 . A n aly tical data, in c a tio n p e rc e n t,o f q u a rtz m onzonite from th e N ew
C o rn elia mine
NO S 102 AL203 K2 0 NA 20 CAO FEO . MGO MNO I I 02 H2 0 CU SULF U F E 2 0 3 C02

A 1 53.33 16.24 4.48 7.14 3.28 1.83 2.93 .03 .23 2.02 .13 2.86 1.63 • 97
A 2 61.61 17.03 5.01 5.85 2.93 1.98 2.76 .02 .35 0.00 .17 3.28 1.45 0 . 00
A 3 58.51 16.37 4.49 6.25 2.26 2.15 2.63 .02 .22 5.30 .12 2.78 . 46 • 53
A 4 53.77 15.85 4.24 6.51 2.13 1 . 84 2.64 .01 .33 5.39 . .13 2.79 .92 • 93
A 5 59.91 16.32 4.94 6.30 2.26 1.94 2.65 .01 .34 3.57 .12 2.30 .92 0 • 00
A 6 60.52 17.83 4.35 6.91 2.53 2.11 2.80 .02 .24 0.00 .13 2.96 . 1.47 0 . 00
A 7 58.93 16.65 4.16 7 « 32 3.36 1.85 2.54 . 02 .23 2.30 . 04 .35 1.94 •56
A 3 60.83 17.34 4.67 7.44 3.13 2.61 2.58 . 02 • 24 0.00 .04 .36 . 49 • 51
A 9 56.56 16.13 4.07 7.15 2.65 2.81 2.84 .02 .44 3.34 .25 9.03 .46 • 53
A 10 58.26 15.32 4.83 6.91 2.38 2.14 2.40 . 02 .33 3.28 . 42 8.63 . 46 1 . 06
A ll 59.49 16.25 3.73 6 . ?5 2.70 2.67 2.67 .02 .34 4.47 .13 2.83 .47 0 . 00
A12 56.69 15.96 4.03 5.32 2.25 2.72 2.62 .01 .33 5.55 .42 12.21 ' .46 ♦5 3
A13 53.09 16.51 4 . 53 5.60 2.01 2.23 2.65 .01 .34 5.41 .40 5.16 .92 0 . 00
A 14 61.14 17.11 4.26 7.01 2.03 2.25 2.52 .02 .23 2.39 .02 1.99 . 43 0 . 03
A15 56.52 16.31 4.07 5.99 2.38 2.01 2.40 • 01 .33 7.36 .12 1.00 .91 1 . 32
A 16 62.53 17.30 5.09 6.43 1.85 2.30 2.57 .02 .36 0.00 . 18 3.33 .49 0 . 00
A 17 59.76 16.32 4.45 5.91 2.30 1.48 2.68 .01 .45 3.54 .51 5.91 . 94 • 19
A 13 59.90 16.61 4 . 52 5.53 2.21 2.57 2.96 .02 • 46 4.37 .13 2.39 0.00 0 . 00
A 19 61.32 17.06 4.85 5.75 2.44 1.38 3.07 .02 .36 1.13 . 13 2.04 1.98 0 • 00
A 20 61.93 16.22 5.17 5.95 1.91 2.25 2.70 . 02 .34 2.48 .17 3.20 0.00 0 . 90
A21 56.49 15.47 4.00 4.99 2.86 1.57 2.79 .01 . 43 6.62 . 32 6.10 1.35 1 . 56
A 22 61.20 15.71 5.06 3.93 3.81 2.02 2.56 .01 .35 3.52 .22 4.02 0.00 • 56
A 23 63.70 13.34 5.32 3.42 1.28 2.72 2.29 .02 . 23 4.54 .83 8.95 0.00 • 02
A 24 64.05 14.68 6.75 2.74 3.29 1.50 2.01 .02 .24 1.04 .79 9.13 .49 0 . 00
A 25 63.67 15.63 5.17 4.89 2.24 2.62 2.03 .02 .23 0.00 .43 12.23 0.00 0 . 00
A2 6 64.67 16.62 4.89 7.37 .94 1.27 1.55 .01 .23 1.67 .26 2.06 0.00 0 • 03
A2 7 60.30 14.90 5.41 5.06 1.85 1.89 2.39 • 01 .33 3.53 .81 10.90 0 . 03 • 26
A23 63.12 15.49 5.56 4.36 1.81 2.25 2.98 .02 • 46 0.00 • 60 11.46 .43 0 . 00
A29 58.78 15.58 4.78 6.32 1.42 2.23 2 . 5S .01 ..32 4.20 .57 11.20 0.00 • U2
A30 61.92 14.39 4.54 5.79 1.52 1.85 2.51 .02 .35 3.29 .61 9.32 .48 • 29
A31 65.73 15.04 5.40 5.07 2.22 1.77 2.74 .02 .23 0.00 .41 4.42 .24 0 . 00
A 32 62.83 13.78 5.02 5.54 3.71 1.90 2.40 .01 .22 1.61 .41 9.27 0.00 • 27
A33 68.25 13.69 5.02 4.77 1.58 1.61 2.14 .02 .36 0.00 .45 6.52 .50 o . 00
A 34 61.46 15.36 5.51 5.13 3.68 1.85 2.33 .02 . 35 1.44 .34 4 . 75 .93 • 29
A3 5 55.73 16.47 3.74 6.36 1.56 1.61 3.22 .01 . 44 6.79 .31 8.32 • 90 • 25
A 35 61.86 14.73 5.30 4.51 1.63 2.44 2.09 .01 .34 2.87 .84 13.21 0.00 0 . 00
A 37 57.65 16.24 4.42 4.94 2.56 3.29 2.18 .01 • 45 6.13 .17 4.97 0.00 • 72
A38 61.42 14.95 5.15 4.26 3.59 1.45 2.84 .02 .60 0.00 .88 9.41 1.64 • 32
A3 9 59.13 17.14 4.12 7.48 2.95 1.30 2.43 .03 .45 2.17 • 00 .02 2.78 0 . 00
• 46 • 00 .01 2.36 • 14
198
A40 59.25 16.84 4.06 6.90 2.73 1.37 2.47 .03 3.40
A 41 61.73 16.48 4.37 7.44 2.70 1.22 1.71 .03 • 47 1.38 .00 .01 2.46 0 . 00
T able A -7 . A n aly tical d a ta , in p e rc e n t by w eight of q u a rtz m onzonite from
the M orenci mine
NO DENS S I 02 AL203 K2 0 NA 2 0 C AO FED MGO MNO T I 02 SULFU F E 203 C0 2

M 1 2.54 65.00 17.39 4.70 1.39 .07 1.67 .65 .01 .33 1.56 0.30 0.00
M 2 2 . 6 3 6 9 . 00 1 6 . 0 6 4.82 3.51 .13 .19 .40 .01 .33 .03 4.17 .10
M 3 2.49 67.00 16.25 7.59 .16 .03 .04 .50 .01 .33 .04 4.49 0.00
M 5 2.57 70.00 15.12 5.18 2.97 .10 .13 .35 .03 .33 .11 2.36 0.00
M 4 2.56 69.00 16.63 5.30 2.43 . 14 .11 .51 .01 .33 .10 4.62 0.00
M 6 2.93 66.00 9.26 3.25 .05 .03 9.01 .38 .01 • 33 4.99 0.00 0.00
M 7 2 . 5 2 7 0 . 0 0 1 5 . 88 4.53 2.70 .10 .90 .33 .01 .33 • S3 .36 0.00
M C 2.44 71.00 14.74 5.54 .13 .06 .93 • 53 .01 .33 .93 .33 0.00
M 9 2.73 67.00 13.23 4.70 .09 .03 5.79 .73 .03 .33 3.27 0.00 0.00
M iP 2.56 69.00 16.63 6.33 2.97 • 08 .90 .41 . 01 • 33 .69 0.00 0.00
M il 2.73 68.00 15.83 4.94 1.19 .06 1.80 .31 .01 .33 1.74 4.33 0.00
M1 2 2.53 63.00 16.82 4.34 4 . 99 .14 .90 .73 .01 .33 .47 0.00 3.00
M l3 2.56 68.00 16.06 4.32 .90 .20 4.50 .85 .02 .33 .52 0.00 0.00
M1 4 2.74 63.00 16.82 3.61 3.24 .27 2.06 .93 .03 .50 .61 2 . 00 0.00
M l5 2.40 66.00 15.12 5.42 .16 .13 5.15 1.03 .02 .33 1.73 0.00 0.00
M1 6 2.68 71.00 16.06 3.01 3.91 .70 1.30 .83 .02 .33 1.66 .30 0.00
M1 7 2.63 68.00 14.93 4.58 .09 • 03 4.63 . 43. .01 .33 1.81 0.00 0.00
M19 2.59 74.00 14.36 3.73 1 . 11 .15 2.70 ♦7 3 .01 • 33 .81 0.00 0 . 00
M2 0 2 .42 7 2 . 0 0 1 5 .3 8 2.17 2.83 .27 1.42 .75 .01 .33 .64 2.00 0.00
M2 1 2 . 5 6 7 8 . 00 1 2 . 6 6 3.61 .62 .03 1.87 . • 50 • 01 .17 .93 1.00 0.00
M2 2 2.56 75.00 13.61 6.75 2.16 • 06 1.54 .20 .01 .33 .51 0.00 0.00
M2 3 2.71 74 .0 0 13.23 5.06 .16 .01 3.09 .25 .01 .33 1.24 0.00 0.00
M2 3 2 . 7 8 7 2 . 00 1 2 . 2 3 4.02 . 16 .01 3.22 .45 .01 .33 .92 0.00 0.00
M2 4 2.70 70 .0 0 14.36 4.70 • 11 .01 4.63 .55 .01 .33 1.16 0.00 0.00
M2 5 2.39 68.00 16.82 4.46 3.24 .08 .77 .20 .00 .33 .38 0.00 0.00
M2 6 2.42 69.00 15.31 5.30 .18 • 01 1.04 .55 .01 .33 .02 6.00 0.00
M2 7 2.35 66.00 15.69 4.82 1.48 .06 4.63 .60 .01 .50 .24 0.00 0.00
M2 8 2.73 7 5 .0 0 11.72 3.73 .09 .01 3.09 .35 .01 .33 2.06 0.00 0.00
M2 9 2 .66 7 6 .0 0 11.34 3.49 .09 .01 3.86 .23 .01 .33 2.23 0.00 0.00
M 33 2 . 7 8 7 6 . 00 1 1 . 3 4 3.49 .09 .01 3.22 .33 .01 .33 2.97 0.00 0.00
M 31 2.50 6 7.00 16.44 5.66 .54 .04 .03 .33 . 03 .33 .03 3.82 0.00
M3 3 2.70 67.00 15.50 5.42 .09 .01 .03 .56 .03 .17 .02 3.82 0.00
M3 5 2.63 66. 00 15.33 2.05 4.53 1.06 .05 • 88 .13 .50 • 04 3.62 0.00
M3 6 2.71 67.00 16.44 2.29 5.26 3.36 • 86 1.03 • 04 • 67 • 01 3.31 0.00
M3 7 2.63 68.00 15.31 1.93 5.12 1.26 .17 1.16 • 04 .33 .15 5.93 0.00
M3 3 2.66 71.00 15.12 1.93 4.85 1.82 .07 .91 .01 .67 .06 3.57 0.00
6.26 1.89 .07 . .77 , .17 • 01 .67 .69 0.00 0.00
M3 9 2.43 79.00 10.96
M4 0 2.51 65.00 16.82 7.47 3.91 1.54 • 87 1.11 .02 .67 .07 2.07 1.21
199
T able A - 7 . A n aly tical d a t a , in p e rc e n t by w e ig h t, of q u a rtz m onzonite from the M orenci
m in e— C ontinued
NO CUS MOS 2 PBS ZNS NIO C R 2 0 3 V2 0 5 ZROZ BAO 3 E0 S R 02 CHLOR FLUOR TOTAL H 20
M 1 .511 . 3117 . 0048 . 1 5 6 5 . 0 0 1 3 . 0 2 9 2 . 0 1 6 6 . 0 0 3 2 • 0 7 8 2 . 0 C 05 • 0237 .001 • 1360 9 7 . 11 3.42
M 2 .042 . 0008 . 0 1 9 4 • 0611 . 0 0 1 3 . 0 4 3 8 . 0 1 8 6 . 0 0 8 2 . 1 1 1 6 . CC 06 • 0355 .003 .1233 9 9 . 20 2.09
M 3 • 053 . 0 0 0 8 . 1 2 2 4 . 0373 . 0013 . 0 2 9 2 . 0 1 3 6 . 0082 . 1 1 1 6 . 0008 .0237 .006 .0372 96.93 4.23
M 5 .171 . 0000 . 0 0 7 6 . 0 7 1 5 . 0 0 1 3 . 0 4 3 8 . 0 1 8 5 . 0 1 1 8 . 1 1 1 6 . 0008 .0355 .005 .0932 97.71 2.55
M 4 .150 . 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 6 5 . 065 6 . 0013 . 0058 . 0 1 8 6 . 0062 . 3 5 5 8 . 0006 .0237 • 008 .0764 99.96 2.67
M 6 1 .075 . 0 1 8 7 . 0 1 1 5 . 0082 . 0 0 1 3 . 0438 . 0 1 8 5 . 0 0 3 2 . 0078 . 0 0 1 4 .0237 .005 .0732 94.25 6.66
M 7 .198 . 0 0 3 0 . 0020 . 1 2 3 6 . 0 0 1 3 . 0438 . 0 1 3 6 . 0082 . 0 5 5 3 . 0 0 0 6 .0237 .003 .1623 97.10 2.83
M 8 1.040 .0017 .0277 .0394 . 0 0 1 3 . 0 2 9 2 . 0 1 3 6 . 0 0 3 2 . 0 5 5 3 . CC 06 .0237 .005 .0952 9 6 . 14 3.53
M 9 3.593 . 0 0 0 0 . 0 029 . 0 1 0 1 . 0 0 1 3 . 0146 . 0 1 8 6 . 0082 . 0 2 2 3 . 0008 .0118 .003 .1823 97.92 4.97
Ml 0 .523 .0000 .0017 . 0 364 . 0 0 1 3 . 0 2 9 2 . 0 1 8 6 . 1 1 7 5 . 0 5 5 8 . 0006 .0237 .001 .3722 93.32 2.09
M il .812 .0000 . 0021 . 0 6 1 1 . 0 0 1 3 . 0 2 9 2 . 0 261 . 0 0 3 2 . 0 7 8 2 . 0 0 1 4 .0237 .004 .0718 100.48 3.80
M12 .319 . 0000 .0018 .0373 . 0 0 1 3 . 0292 . 0 1 6 6 . 0 1 1 8 . 0 7 8 2 . 0006 .0237 .004 .0912 97.29 1.53
M13 .116 .0008 .0013 .2072 . 0 0 1 3 . 0 2 9 2 . 0 1 8 6 . 0082 . 0 7 8 2 . 0006 .0118 .003 .3598 9 7 . 00 4.32
M14 .113 . 0008 • 0014 .1446 . 0 0 1 3 . 3 2 9 2 . 0 1 8 6 . CO 82 . 0 7 8 2 . 0 0 1 4 .0355 .003 .3642 98.52 2.73
M15 .992 .0013 . 0 016 .1583 . 0 0 1 3 . 0 2 9 2 . 0 1 8 6 . 0082 . 0335 . 0 0 0 8 .0059 .006 . 0752 96.09 4.15
M16 • 322 . 0030 .0018 . 0 574 . 0 0 1 3 . 0 4 3 8 . 0 1 8 6 . 0 0 8 2 . 1 1 1 6 . 0008 .0591 .006 .1238 100.26 2.25
Ml 7 .469 .0083 .0017 . 0055 . 0 0 1 3 . 0 4 3 8 . 0 1 8 6 . 0 0 8 2 . 0 5 5 6 . 000 3 .0113 .014 .1288 95.46 5.22
M19 .806 .1688 .0013 . 0581 . 0 0 1 3 . 0 5 8 5 • 0166 . 0082 . 0 7 8 2 . 0008 .0237 .013 . 1 0 93 99.02 3.09
M20 .153 .0013 .0012 .0730 . 0 0 1 3 . 0 2 9 2 . 0 1 8 6 . 0 0 8 2 . 0 223 . 0 0 1 9 .0237 .012 .1848 98.77 3.42
M21 .770 .0187 . 0010 .0294 . 0 0 1 3 • 0 2 9 2 . 0261 . 0 0 8 2 . 0 3 3 5 . 0 0 0 8 .0113 .004 .1148 100.11 3.07
M22 .661 . 003 6 . 0 020 . 0073 . 0 0 1 3 . 0 4 3 8 . 0 1 8 6 . 0235 . 1 1 1 6 . 0008 .0237 .016 .0353 100.39 1.78
M23 •481 .0017 . 0018 . 0027 . 0 0 1 3 . 0 5 8 5 . 0 1 1 2 . 0353 . 1 1 1 6 . 0 0 1 4 .0237 .020 .1158 93.09 4.05
M23 2 . 2 3 5 . 0050 .0315 . 0339 . 0 0 1 3 . 0 4 3 8 . 026 1 . 0 5 8 8 . 0 5 5 3 . 0 C 14 .0113 .013 .1933 96.13 3.71
M24 .143 .0834 .0010 .0019 . 0038 . 0205 . 0373 . 0 1 1 8 . 0553 . 0 0 1 9 .0059 • 003 .3128 96.50 5.16
M25 . 64 6 .0314 .0015 . 0061 . 0 0 1 3 . 0 4 3 8 . 0 1 1 2 . 0024 . 0 7 8 2 . 0003 .0237 .000 .0593 94.98 4.29
M2 6 .101 .0187 .0010 .0109 . 0 0 1 3 . 0292 . 0186 . 0059 . 1 1 1 6 . 0 0 1 4 .0217 .012 . 2 0 63 91.25 5.11
M27 • 355 .0250 .0013 .0116 • 0 0 1 3 . 0 2 9 2 . 026 1 . 0 1 7 6 , 1 1 1 6 . 0 0 2 8 .0355 .003 .2389 9 4 . 76 5 • 65
M2 8 .685 .0250 .0013 . 0019 . 0013 . 0438 . 0 1 8 6 . 0235 . 0 1 1 2 . 0008 .0113 .017 .1983 97.21 3.77
M2 9 .933 . 0000 .0009 .0310 . 0 0 1 3 . 0 4 3 3 . 0 1 8 6 . 0 5 8 8 . 0 335 . 0 0 1 4 .0118 .018 . 20 00 93.67 3.77
M1 Q .947 .0167 . 0009 • 0010 . 0 0 1 3 . 0 4 3 8 . 0 1 6 6 . 0323 . 0 2 2 3 . 0 0 1 4 .0113 .019 .2303 9 1 . 38 3.49
M31 •039 . 0000 .0018 .0710 . 0 0 1 3 . 0205 . 0 1 8 6 . 0059 . 1 6 7 5 . 0001 .0237 .019 . 34 00 99.69 4.43
M33 .035 . 0000 .0254 .0999 . 0 0 1 3 . 0 1 4 6 . 0 2 6 1 . 0032 . 1 1 1 6 . 0008 .0237 .019 .030 3 98.34 6.01
M3 5 • 060 . 0000 . 0023 .0745 • 0 0 1 3 . 0 1 4 6 . 0 1 8 6 . 0 1 1 8 . 1 1 1 6 . 0 CO 8 .0591 .017 .0338 95.22 2.40
. oooo . 0023 .0000 .0013 . 0 2 9 2 . 0 261 .0118 .1675 .0096 .1774 .009 .0236 101.22 1.03
M3 6 .009
M37 .22 5 . 0000 . 0023 .0745 .0013 . 0 2 9 2 • 0186 . 0 0 8 2 . 1 1 1 6 . 00 06 .1181 .017 .0408 99.97 1.22
. 0000 . 0000 . 0 0 1 3 . 0292 .0261 . 0 1 1 8 . 1 6 7 5 . 0096 .1183 .012 .0300 100.47 1.73
M3 8 *
1 .090 .0012
. 0000 . 0 0 1 3 .1462 .0186 . 0 5 8 3 . 1 1 1 6 . 0003 .0237 .010 .0493 101.53 1.13
M39 •9 0 2 .0250 .0012
101.31 .81
.105 .0167 .0012 .0000 .0013 .0292 .0186 .0118 .1675 .0008 .0591 .009 .1633
M40
200
T able A -8 . A n aly tical d a ta , in c a tio n p e rc e n t, of q u artz m onzonite from the
M orenci mine
NO S I 02 iAL 2 0 3 K 20 NA 20 CAO FEQ MGO 0 T I 02 H 20 CU SULFU F E 203 C02

M 1 59 • 4 6 1 7 . 9 0 5.23 3.19 .07 1.22 .86 .01 .22 10.05 .25 6.01 0.00 0.00
M 2 61.76 16.93 5.49 6.07 .12 .14 .53 .01 .22 5.72 .02 .19 2 . 30 .12
M 3 60.74 17.35 8.76 .23 .03 .03 .67 .01 .23 8.75 .03 .24 3.06 3.00
M 5 63.93 16.26 6.03 5.24 .10 .10 .50 .02 .23 5.33 . 09 .79 1.96 0.00
M 4 60.69 17.22 5.94 4.13 .13 .03 .67 .01 .22 7.61 .03 .66 . 3.05 0.00
M 6 62.59 10.34 3.93 .10 .03 7.13 .54 .01 .24 6.6 8 .47 31.09 0 . CO o.co
M 7 63.03 16.84 5.25 4.70 .09 • 63 .44 .01 .23 7.19 .10 3.15 .53 0.00
M 3 64.05 15.66 6.27 .31 .05 .70 .78 .01 .23 9.51 .52 4.64 . 54 0.00
M 9 53.64 11.63 5.24 .16 • 03 4.23 1 . 02 .02 .22 9.48 1.65 21.47 0.00 0.00
Ml 0 61.77 17.53 7.28 5.14 .03 .67 .55 .01 .22 5.43 . 27 3.37 0.00 0.00
M il 53.92 16.20 5.45 1.99 .05 1.30 1.05 .01 .22 9.46 .39 6.96 3.17 0.00
M12 60.81 17.71 4.94 8.64 .13 .67 1.04 .01 .22 4.86 .17 3.05 0.00 0.00
K 13 58.40 16.24 5.27 1.50 .18 3.23 1.03 .01 .21 12.43 .06 5.23 0.03 0.00
M14 58.77 17.12 3.98 5.41 .25 1.49 1.19 .02 .32 9.11 • 06 3.95 1.30 0.00
Ml 5 57.97 15.64 6.07 .28 .12 3.77 1.34 .01 .22 11.18 .43 11.41 0.00 0.00
M16 61.99 16.51 3.35 6.61 .65 1.31 1.08 .01 .22 6.41 .16 5.94 .19 0.00
M17 59.96 15.50 5.14 .16 .03 3.41 .57 .01 .22 11.74 .22 11.91 0.00 0.00
M19 6 3 . 12 1 4 . 4 2 4.06 1.83 .14 1.92 .93 .01 .21 11.64 .41 5.16 0.00 0 . 00
M20 59.36 15.41 2.28 4.52 .23 .93 .92 .01 .21 13.79 .03 3.94 1.24 0.00
M21 63.33 13.06 4.03 1.05 .01 1.37 .65 .01 .11 8.76 .39 6.11 • 65 0.00
M22 67.56 14.43 7.74 3.76 .05 1.16 .27 .01 .23 3.56 .35 3.45 0.00 0 . 00
M23 66.31 1 3 . 9 6 5.78 • 23 .01 2.31 .33 .01 .22 8.43 . 23 8.23 0.00 0.00
M23 65.60 1 3 . 1 8 5.59 .29 • 01 2.45 .61 .01 .23 9.17 1.15 6.26 0.03 0.00
M24 61.31 14.93 5.23 .18 .01 3.41 .72 .00 .22 11.41 .07 7.71 0.00 0.00
M25 61.53 17.93 5.14 5.67 .08 .58 • 27 .00 .23 7.51 .31 2.55 0.00 0.00
M26 61.53 16.07 6.02 .30 .01 .77 .73 .00 .22 10.24 • 05 .11 4.01 0.00
M27 58.91 16.48 5.43 2.56 • .05 3.45 .79 .01 .33 11.33 .16 1.59 0.00 0.00
M28 6 8 . 34 1 2 . 5 7 4.33 .17 .01 2.35 .47 .00 . .23 8.39 .34 10.97 0.00 0.00
68.22 11.98 3.99 .16 .01 2.89 • 33 .00 .22 8.17 .46 13.69 0.00 0.00
M2 9
M30 68.83 12.09 4.03 .17 .01 2.43 .45 .00 .23 8.33 .47 11.36 0.00 0 . 00
M31 58.92 17.03 6.34 • 92 .04 .02 .50 .02 .22 10.11 .02 .17 5.31 0.00
M33 59.94 16.32 6.18 .16 .01 .02 .75 .02 .11 10.50 .02 .16 5.92 0.00
M35 59.99 16.99 2.37 8.07 1.03 • 03 1.19 .10 .34 7.31 • 03 .27 2.47 0.00
M36 61.01 17.63 2.65 9.27 3.27 • 66 1.39 .03 .46 1.02 • 00 .04 2.60 0.00
M37 61.04 16.18 2.20 8.90 1.21 .13 1.55 .03 .22 4.16 .12 1.02 3.99 0 . 00
63.76 15.99 2.21 8.44 1.75 • 05 1.22 .01 .45 3.57 .05 .41 2.41 0.00
M3 3
M39 72.99 11.92 7.37 3.33 .07 .60 .23 .01 .46 1.33 .49 4.47 0.00 0.00
M40 57.19 17.42 8.37 6.66 1.45 .64 1.45 .01 .44 3.37 .06 .46 1.37 1.45
201
T able A -9 . A n a ly tica l d a ta , in p e rc e n t by w e ig h t, of q u a rtz m onzonite from
the S ie rrita mine
OENS 8 1 0 2 AL203 K20 NA 20 CAO FEO MGO MNO T I 02 S ULF U F E 2 0 3 C 02

NO
2.56 63.00 14.17 8.07 1.62 1.08 1.16 .32 .01 .25 .06 0.00 .44
S 21
S 22 2.70 70.00 13.04 5.01 3.10 1.54 2.44 .61 • 01 • 33 1.70 0.00 1.21
S 23 2.66 6 9 . 00 13.23 4.70 2.83 1.82 1.33 .35 • 02 .33 .07 .69 .44
S 24 2.79 65.00 14.36 4.22 2.97 1.68 3.96 .85 .02 .50 .90 .34 .22
S 25 2.67 63.00 13.61 5.90 2.56 1.82 2.03 .73 .02 .50 .95 .34 . 44
S 26 2.63 64.00 15.31 6.14 2 . 33 2.24 2.32 1.03 .01 .50 .74 o.co .22
S 27 2.69 65.00 15.83 3.73 4.04 2.52 2.26 .93 .03 .50 .14 .69 .44
S 23 2.67 6 3 . 00 14.36 4.70 3 . 24 1.40 2.57 .18 .01 .33 1.27 0.00 .22
S 29 2.47 60.00 15.86 4.82 3.24 2.10 4.63 1.82 .03 .67 1.67 0.00 1.65
S 3Q 2.67 67.00 15.12 4.34 3.24 1.68 2.19 .73 .01 .33 .90 0.00 .44
S 31 2.68 63.00 14.36 5.54 2.56 1.37 1.93 .33 .01 .17 • 47 o.co .44
S 32 2.74 64.00 14.55 4.46 2.70 1.62 3.34 .70 .01 .50 1.49 0.00 1.43
S 33 2.67 6 6 . 00 14.55 4.70 3.10 1.82 3.34 .60 .91 .50 1.62 0.00 0.00
534 2.65 67.00 14.36 5.90 2.56 1.33 2.70 • 73 .01 • 50 • 84 0.00 0.00
835 2.65 7 0 . 00 14.17 4.70 3.24 1.68 1.77 .75 .01 .50 .50 .54 0.00
836 2.64 70.00 14.74 4.53 3.37 1.96 1.93 .78 ' .01 .50 • 74 0.00 0.00
837 2.62 7 2 . 00 13.99 3.61 3.91 1.02 .02 .56 .01 .33 .02 3.67 0.00
833 2.60 7 2 . 00 13.99 4.58 3.51 1.05 .77 .60 .02 .33 .07 2.00 0.00
84 4 2.52 62.00 18.71 9.40 3.51 .87 1.03 1.03 • 03 • 83 .02 0.00 0.00
2.65 69.00 13.80 6.75 2.70 .62 .38 .60 .04 .50 .20 2.59 0.03
845
846 2.46 6 9 . 00 13.61 7.35 2.16 .08 1.30 .22 .01 .33 .10 0.00 0.00
847 2.48 73.00 15.12 7.95 2.70 .50 .90 .55 .01 .50 .07 0.30 0.03
54 3 2.61 64.00 17.58 7.83 4.18 .13 • 26 .13 .00 .50 .02 0.00 0.00
202
T able A-9 . A n a ly tica l d a ta , in p e rc e n t by w e ig h t, of q u a rtz m onzonite from th e S ie rrita
m in e— C ontinued
NO CUS H0 S2 PBS ZN3 NIO CR2 0 3 V205 ZR0 2 BAO BEO S R 02 CHL OR FL UOR TOTAL H2 0
S ?1 .090 . 0 0 0 3 . 002 3 . 0000 . 0013 .0438 .0186 .0082 .0782 . 000 0 .0118 .011 . 0601 95.48 .54
5 22 .150 .0017 .0012 .0000 .0025 .0438 .0261 .0176 .0112 .0014 .0237 .012 .2173 97.46 .20
5 23 .105 .0117 .0023 .0000 .0013 .0436 .0186 .0082 .1116 .0033 .0355 .033 .0535 96.24 .27
5 24 .150 .0000 .0023 .0030 .0013 .0438 .0136 .0082 .1116 .0008 .0355 .018 .0317 95.44 2.17
5 25 .225 .0250 .0023 .0000 .0013 .0438 .0186 .0082 .1116 .0008 .0355 .016 .0593 97.33 .97
5 26 .301 .0167 .0023 .0000 .0013 .0438 .0186 .0032 .0782 .0014 .0355 .019 .0541 95.31 1.44
5 27 .015 .0000 .0023 .0000 .0013 .0433 .0261 .0113 .1116 .0014 .0828 .007 .0435 96.51 .39
5 28 . 301 .0000 . 0012 , 0000 . 0013 .0438 .0106 .0118 .1116 .0014 .0355 . 012 . 0256 9 6 . 74 1.70
5 29 .902 .1001 .0023 ,0030 .0025 .0438 .0373 .0059 .0558 .0019 .0355 .009 .1666 97.56 .31
S 33 .752 .0250 .0012 .0030 .0013 .0433 .0186 .0082 .0112 .0014 .0355 .006 .0801 96.71 .17
5 31 .105 .0117 .0012 .0000 .0313 .0438 .0186 .0359 .1116 .0003 .0355 .004 .0433 95.58 .90
5 32 .225 . 0017 . 0012 . 000 0 . 0013 .0438 .0186 .0235 .1116 .0014 . 0591 .005 .0912 95.5 0 .94
5 33 .330 .0117 . 0 012 . 009 0 . 0013 . 0 43 8 . 0 1 8 6 . 0 0 9 2 .0782 .0006 .0355 .010 .0622 96.53 1.98
5 34 .451 , 0 334 . 0 012 .0000 . 0025 . 0433 . 0261 . 0 1 1 8 . 1116 . 0014 .0591 .009 .0042 96.62 1.33
5 35 .150 .0003 .0012 .0000 .0013 .0438 .0261 .0118 .1116 .0014 .0591 .014 .0442 98.08 .91
5 36 .301 .0083 .0012 .0030 .0013 .0292 .0261 .0118 .1116 .0014 .0591 .004 .0732 99.13 .82
5 37 .030 . 0008 .0012 .0000 . 0013 . 0 2 9 2 . 0186 . 0 1 1 9 .0782 . 0014 . 0237 . 0 05 . 0 852 9 9 . 43 .83
5 38 .105 . 0008 .0012 . 0000 . 0013 .0292 .0186 .0382 .1116 . 0014 .0355 .003 .0300 9 9 . 22 .61
5 44 .030 .0000 .0053 .0003 .0013 .0292 .0559 .0353 .2233 .0023 .0828 .010 .0988 97.98 .83
5 45 .301 • . 0117 . 0023 .0000 . 0 01 3 . 0 5 8 5 . 0 5 5 9 . 00 32 .2233 .0008 .0355 .043 .0942 97.90 .81
5 46 .150 .0501 .1732 .0000 .0013 .0438 .0186 .0092 .2233 .0008 .0237 .004 .0492 95.35 1.79
5 47 .105 . 0008 .0023 . 000 0 . 0025 . 0 5 8 5 . 0 373 . 0 1 7 6 . 223-3 .0014 .0355 . 005 . 0 432 99.80 .86
5 48 .030 .0000 .0023 .0000 .0013 .0205 .0186 .0118 .0167 .0014 .0355 .007 .0552 94.81 .79
203
T able A -1 0 . A n aly tical d a ta , in c a tio n p e rc e n t of q u a rtz m onzonite from th e S ie rrita
mine
NO S I 02 AL203 K2 0 NA 20 CAO FEO MGO MNO T I 02 H2 0 . CU S ULF U F E 2 0 3 C02

S 21 64.69 15.88 9.78 2.98 1.10 . 92 . 45 .01 .13 3.30 .05 .43 0 . 03 .57
S 22 67.55 14.82 3.70 5.79 1.59 1.97 . 88 .01 .24 1.29 .09 8.24 0 . CO 0.00
S 23 66.61 15.04 5.78 5.29 1.83 1.51 1.22 .02 .24 1.72 . 06 .51 .30 0.00
S 24 *60.42 15.72 4.99 5.34 1.67 3 . 08 1.17 .02 .35 5.08 .03 6.29 .24 .28
S 25 63.71 15.01 7 . C4 4.65 1 . 82 1.59 1.02 .02 .35 2.19 .13 6.69 .24 .56
S 26 60.24 16.96 7.37 5.16 2.25 1.82 1.44 .01 .35 2.64 .17 5.19 0 . 03 .23
S 27 61.27 17.62 4.48 7.38 2.54 1.78 1.30 .02 .35 2.47 .01 1.01 .49 .03
S 28 63.49 15.79 5.59 5.85 1.40 2.01 .25 .01 .23 2.76 .16 8.73 0.00 .28
S 29 56.48 17.59 5.78 5.90 2.11 3.64 2.56 .02 .47 1.97 .57 11.80 o. no 0.00
S 30 63.88 16.97 5.27 5.97 1.71 1.74 1.04 • 01 .24 1.11 .45 6.46 0 . 00 0.00
S 31 63.80 15.87 6.62 4.65 1.38 1.51 .53 .01 • 12 4.96 .06 3.31 c . CO .56
S 32 50.76 15.73 5.21 4.79 1.79 2.56 .95 .01 .34 5.74 .13 10.23 0.00 1.43
S 33 61.93 16.08 5.62 5.63 1.83 2.62 • 83 .01 .35 2.44 .02 10.56 0.00 0.00
S3 4 62.56 15.79 7.02 4.63 1.33 2.11 1.01 .01 .35 3.47 .24 5.85 0 . 00 0.00
S 35 65.0 0 15.50 5.56 5.82 1.67 1.38 1.03 .01 .35 2.49 .08 3.49 . 24 0.00
S 36 64.13 15.90 5.34 5.93 1.92 1.48 1.06 . 01' .34 2.40 .17 5.05 0.00 0.00
S 37 66.15 15.13 4.23 6.95 1.00 .02 .77 .01 .23 2.92 .02 .14 2.53 0.00
S 33 66.41 15.19 5.38 6.26 1.04 .60 .82 • 02 .23 2.50 . 06 .49 1.38 0.00
S 44 55.82 19.83 10.78 6.11 . 84 .77 1.38 .02 .56 3.34 .02 .14 0.00 0.00
S 45 64.90 15.28 8.08 4.91 .62 .30 .84 .03 .35 2.33 .17 1.42 1.83 0.00
S 46 65.93 15.31 8.94 3.99 .09 1.44 .31 .01 .24 3.48 • 08 • 72 0 . 00 0.00
S 47 64.24 16.34 9.29 4.79 .49 .69 .75 .01 . 34 2.88 .06 .43 0.00 0.00
S 43 60.02 19.41 9.35 7.59 .13 .20 .19 .00 .35 2.71 .02 .14 0.00 0.00
204
T able A - l l . A n aly tical d a ta , in p e rc e n t by w e ig h t, o f q u a rtz m onzonite from
the C opper C itie s mine
NA2 0 CAO FEO MGO MNO T I 02 SULFU F E 2 0 3 C0 2

NO DENS S I02 AL 2 0 3 K20
14.36 4.34 3.77 1.54 1.52 .63 .02 .33 .23 :34 .73
CC 7 2,86 70.00
4.34 3.37 1.63 1.49 .56 .03 .67 .33 . 69 • 92
CC 3 2,74 7 1 . 00 14.55
4 . 34 3.37 1.54 1.44 .63 .02 .50 .20 1.38 1.21
CC 9 2,73 70.00 15.31
5.06 3.24 1.54 1.11 .53 .01 .33 .07 • 69 • 75
CC1 0 2,65 70.00 14.55
3.51 1.54 1.26 .51 .01 .33 .23 .34 • 44
e c u 2,66 69.00 14.55 4.58
14.74 4.32 3.24 1.54 1.93 .55 .02 .50 • 34 0.00 • 81
CC1 2 2.64 70.00
14.55 4.53 3.24 1.54 1.21 .55 .03 .50 .05 1.03 1.11
CC1 3 2.67 6 9 . 00
14.17 4.58 2.56 1.26 1.38 .50 .02 • 50 .47 • 69 .99
CC1 4 2.66 7 1 . 00
13.99 4.22 3.24 1.20 1.74 .56 .03 .67 .33 1 . C3 .22
CC15 2.60 6 9 . 00
4 . 22 3 . 24 1.54 1.18 .53 ♦ 02 .50 .63 1.38 1.03
CC15 2.68 71.00 13.61
4.22 3.24 1.63 1.05 .51 .03 .50 .08 1 . 33 1.09
CC1 7 2.71 7 1 . 00 13.99
5.06 2.70 1.30 1.16 .43 .02 .67 • 57 0.00 • 89
CC13 2.63 72.00 13.61
13.30 3.73 3.37 1.54 1.36 • 46 .02 .50 .69 .59 • 72
CC1 9 2 .60 70.00
4.34 3.51 1.63 1.77 .50 .02 .50 .'•2 • 34 .73
CC2 0 2.70 69.00 14.55
4.70 3.37 1 . 54 1.30 .50 . .02 .50 1.00 0.00 .70
CC2 1 2.64 6 9 . 00 14.55
4,46 2.70 1.37 2.13 • 60 .04 .50 1.54 • 69 1.08
CC2 2 2.76 6 9 . 00 13.30
3 . 77 1.68 .87 .63 .02 .50 .33 2.07 • 93
CC2 3 2.75 6 0 . 00 15.12 4.10
4.82 2.70 1.19 1.93 • 76 .01 .50 1.47 0.00 .93
CC2 4 2.68 69.00 14.36
205
T able A - l l . A n aly tical d a ta , in p e rc e n t by w e ig h t, of q u a rtz m onzonite from the C opper
C itie s m ine— C ontinued
N IO CR2 0 3 V205 ZR0 2 BAO BEO SR0 2 CHLOR FLUOR TOTAL H2 0

NO CUS M0 S 2 PB S 2 N3
.0008 .0023 . 0000 • 0013 • 0585 .0136 .0118 .0782 .0006 .0591 .0 1 7 .0580 98.23 0.00
CC 7 • 150
.0017 .0035 . 0000 . 0025 . 0585 • 0373 .0118 .1675 .0014 .1133 .008 .0667 100.31 0.00
CC 8 • 301
. 0013 . 0438 .0261 . 0082 • 1116 .0003 • 0828 .030 .0720 100.51 .05
CC 9 • 301 .0017 .0023 .0000
. 0000 .0 0 1 3 . 0585 .0186 .0082 .1116 .0006 .0591 .0 1 6 • 0527 98.28 0.00
CC10 • 105 .0008 .0023
.0013 .0438 .0186 . 0082 .0782 .0006 .0 355 .016 • 0626 96.63 .37
CC11 • 150 .0008 .0023 .0000
.0017 .0023 .0090 . 0013 .0585 .0186 .0113 .1116 .0008 . 0591 . 0 1 3 • 0 542 99.62 0.00
CC1 2 • 451
.1663 .0023 . 0003 .0 0 1 3 • 0585 .0186 .0082 .1116 .0003 . 0591 .0 1 4 . 0667 97.95 0.00
CC1 3 • 075
.0 0 1 3 . 0585 .0186 .0082 .1116 .0014 . 0591 • 014 .0 665 99.27 .45
CC1 4 • 301 .1168 .0023 .0000
. 0 0 00 . 0013 . 0585 .0186 . 0235 . 1116 .0028 .1183 .018 .0782 96.82 1.37
CC 1 S • 301 .0012 .0023
.0000 . 0013 .0292 • 0186 .0176 • 1116 .0042 .0328 .013 .0719 99.37 0.00
CC16 .150 .0012 .0023
.0 000 . 0013 .0438 • 0136 .0176 • 1116 .0014 .0591 .0 1 4 . 0667 99.18 0.00
CC1 7 .120 .0033 .0035
. 0000 . 0025 .0585 .0261 . 0235 .1116 .0014 .1183 . 0 1 6 .0 664 99.11 0.00
CC1 8 .451 .0250 .0035
. 0261 .0235 .1116 .0014 .0823 .0 1 3 • 0650 97.42 0.00
CC19 .225 .0167 .0035 .0000 . 0013 • 0438
.0 0 1 3 . 0292 .0186 .0176 .1116 . 0008 .0828 .017 .0782 97.87 0.00
CC ? 0 .225 .0000 .0023 . 0000
. 0030 . 0013 .0 2 9 2 • 0166 .0113 .1116 .0008 .0828 .024 .0633 98.22 0.00
CC2 1 .301 .0008 .0023
. 0013 .0438 .0106 .0176 . 0782 .0006 .0355 .0 1 6 .0672 98.38 .20
CC2 2 .301 .0083 .0035 . 0003
. 0013 .0433 .0186 .0176 .1116 .0008 .0828 .0 1 7 . 0535 98.63 0.00
CC 2 3 • 301 .0005 .0035 .0000
• 0013 • 0438 . 0373 .0235 .1116 .0008 .0591 • 019 .0 542 98.43 .48
CC2 4 .601 .0012 .0035 .0000
206
T able A -1 2 . A n aly tical d a t a ,. in c a tio n p e rc e n t, of q u a rtz m onzonite from th e C opper
C itie s mine
NO S I02 AL203 K2 0 NA 2 0 CAO FED MGO MNO T I02 H2 0 CU SULFU F E 2 0 3 C0 2

CC 7 66.89 16.16 5.28 6.98 1.57 1.21 .90 .02 .24 o :o o . 09 1.68 .25 0.00
67.03 16.18 5.22 6.16 1.70 1.18 .79 .02 .47 0.00 • 18 2.3 7 .49 0.00
CC 8
16.97 5.20 6.14 1.55 1.13 • 88 • 02 .35 .33 .17 1.42 .97 0.00
CC 9 65.91
67.19 16.45 6.19 6.01 1.58 .89 • 76 • 01 .24 0.00 . 06 .51 .50 0.00
CC1 0
16.17 5.50 6.40 1.55 .99 • 72 .01 • 24 2.36 • 09 1.66 .24 .13
CC11 65.12
16.36 5.79 5.90 1.55 1.52 .79 • 02 .35 0.00 .26 5.91 0.00 0.00
CC1 2 65.98
66.97 16.63 5.66 6.08 1.60 .98 • 81 • 02 .36 0.00 .05 • 37 .75 0.00
CC1 3
15.58 5.44 4.63 1.26 1.46 • 69 .02 .35 2.79 .17 3.28 .48 0.00
CC14 66.29
15.26 4.98 5.80 1.19 1.34 .78 .02 .46 4.50 . 17 2.33 .69 .23
CC15 63.94
67.70 15.29 5.13 5.98 1.57 .94 • 82 .02 • 36 0.00 .09 4.13 .99 0.00
CC1 6
68.14 15.80 5.15 6.01 1.72 • 84 .73 .02 • 36 0.00 • 07 .58 . 99 0.00
CC1 7
15.31 6.16 4.99 1.33 .92 • 68 .02 • 48 0.00 .27 4.08 0.00 0.00
CC18 68.82
15.72 4.60 6.31 1.59 1.10 • 67 .02 • 36 0.00 . 14 4.95 .50 0.00
CC1 9 67.74
6 6 . 32 16.47 5.31 6.52 1.73 1.42 .71 .02 .36 0.00 • 13 3.01 • 25 0.00
CC2 0
65.84 16.35 5.71 6.23 1.57 1.44 • 71 • 02 • 36 0.00 • 19 6.46 0.00 0.00
CC21
15.52 5.42 4.99 1.40 1.70 • 85 • 03 • 36 1.27 • 18 7.53 .49 0.00
CC22 65.91
17.01 4.99 6.93 1.72 .70 .97 .02 • 36 0.00 .18 2.40 1.48 0.00
CC2 3 65.00
15.77 5.72 4.87 1.19 1.50 1.06 .01 • 35 2.97 .35 7.42 0.00 0.00
CC2 4 64.35
207
T able A -1 3 . A n aly tical d a ta , in p e rc e n t by w e ig h t, of q u a rtz m onzonite
from the M ineral Park mine
NO OEMS S I02 AL203 K20 NA 2 0 CAO FEO MGO MNO T IQ 2 SULFU FE2 0 3
HP 1 2.65 76.00 10.58 5.78 .36 .03 2.57 .41 .00 • 08 1.18 0.00
HP 3 2.71 64.00 12.28 3.61 .15 • 04 10.29 .71 • 01 .50 3.37 0.00
HP 5 2.66 68.00 15.69 6.50 .18 .02 2.96 .83 .01 .67 2.49 0.00
HP 6 2.67 66.00 19.66 4.82 .23 • 02 1.93 .36 • 00 .50 1.76 0.30
HP 7 2.74 6 3 . 00 15.31 4.70 . 07 .02 4.63 .99 .01 .50 3.17 0.30
HP 8 2 .75 65.00 13.99 4.46 .12 • 02 4.12 .90 .01 .67 3.82 0.00
HP 9 2.47 72.00 13.61 6.75 .30 .29 .71 1.04 .01 .50 .10 1.00
HP10 2.66 71.00 13.80 7.59 • 30 . 03 1.80 .71 .01 .50 .95 0.3 0
MP1 1 2.56 69.00 13.04 6.50 .30 .02 2.06 .88 .01 .67 1.22 0.00
HP12 2.62 74.00 11.91 3.85 .12 • 03 4.25 .63 • 01 .50 1.67 0.00
M P1 3 2.62 75.00 12.28 5.54 .20 .02 2.70 .61 • 01 • 50 1.93 0.00
HP14 2.72 7 3 . 00 13.80 5.66 .24 .02 2.19 .73 .01 .50 1.17 0.00
MP2 6 2.30 66.00 17.95 6.38 1.32 .11 .56 1.43 .02 .67 .50 2.76
HP2 7 2.46 70.00 15.31 5.78 .62 .03 1.67 .55 • 01 .67 .42 0.00
M P2 3 2.68 6 8 . 00 15.69 6.02 1.07 • 04 1.91 .93 • 01 .67 1.80 1.76
HP29 2.62 65.00 13.99 5.66 • 88 • 05 4.38 .89 .01 .67 1.67 4.00
MP30 2.56 69.00 13.23 6.02 .24 .02 3.86 .55 • 01 .50 2.18 0.00
HP31 2.56 62.00 20.03 5.18 .26 .04 2.19 .50 . 00 .67 1.69 0.00
M P3 2 2.69 74.00 11.34 4.46 • 18 .01 3.73 .55 • 00 .17 3.33 0.00
HP3 3 2.65 67.00 13.04 4.82 . 09 • 28 1.29 1.33 .26 .50 1.15 0.00
2.50 7 5 . 00 13.61 3.13 .19 .06 • 01 .10 .01 • 50 . 01 3.71
NP3 9
HP4 0 2.49 71.00 13.80 4.94 • 27 .02 .02 .27 .01 • 67 .02 5.11
2.35 7 1 . 00 16.6 3 .84 .07 .12 .06 • 08 .01 1.67 .05 3.60
MP1 5 2 . 6 0 7 3 . 00 13.42 5.13 .22 .02 2.96 .55 .01 .50 1.68 0.00
H P 1 F, 2 . 6 1 14.36 7.35 .32 .12 2.32 .68 .01 .50 .84 0.00
7 0 . 00
MP1 7 2 . 6 8 72.00 14.93 5.73 .22 .02 2.57 .60 • 01 .50 2.29 0.30
13.42 6.63 .35 .02 1.29 • 45 .00 • 33 .87 0.00
MP1 8 2 . 6 1 73.00
MP1 9 2 . 6 2 7 1 . 00 14.74 6.99 .31 .02 1.54 .58 .01 .33 .37 0.00
MP2 0 2 . 4 7 67.00 18.52 4.58 .20 • 02 .71 .51 • 00 .33 .63 .99
72.00 14.36 6.63 .28 .02 1.80 • 50 .00 .33 .84 0.00
MP2 1 2 . 6 2
HP22 2 . 6 2 72.00 13.42 5.66 .24 .02 2.19 • 41 • 00 • 50 .86 0.00
74.00 12.85 6.50 .32 .02 1.67 .41 .00 .33 .52 0.00
HP? 3 2 . 6 5
HP2 4 2 . 5 9 73.00 14.36 6.02 2.02 .12 1.16 • 48 .01 .33 .33 0.00
71.00 15.12 7.59 1.35 .03 .41 .33 .00 .50 .37 1 . 37
MP2 5 2 . 5 6
4.70 .19 • 01 .64 .18 • 00 .08 . 37 0.00
MP3 4 2 . 4 7 8 5 . 00 6.99
208
T able A -1 3 . A n a ly tica l d a ta , in p e rc e n t by w e ig h t, of q u artz m onzonite from the M ineral
Park m ine— C ontinued
no cus ro s ? PBS ZNS N IO CR2 0 3 V205 ZR0 2 B AO 9 E0 SR0 2 CHLO? FLUCTC T O T A L H20
• 0834 .0012 .0000 .0013 .0438 .0186 .0059 .0782 .0006 .0118 .020 .1066 97.59 2.56
HP 1 .301
, 0 0 3 3 . 0000 .0000 . 0025 .0438 • 0186 .0059 .0558 .0014 .0118 .004 .1736 96.30 6.92
HP 3 1 . 5 0 3
.0250 .0058 . 0000 . 0013 .0438 .0186 .0176 .1116 • 0014 .0237 .013 .2590 98.39 3.53
MP 5 .752
. 0033 .0012 .0000 . 0013 .0292 .0186 .0176 • 0792 . 0006 .0113 .007 .1704 95.77 5.40
KP 6 .225
. 0008 .0113 .008 .4536 94.07 4.87
MP 7 1 . 2 0 3 . 0033 .2309 .0745 .0013 .0292 . 0261 . 00 8 2 .0167
. 0501 .2309 .1490 • 0013 .0292 . 0261 .0235 .0223 .0014 .0118 .012 .4610 96.11 4.42
MP 8 1 . 5 0 3
.0167 • 0035 .0298 .0013 .0292 .0261 .0059 .3349 . 0006 .0237 .007 .2244 97.11 2.24
MP 9 .150
.0237 .0 1 2 .2244 97.44 2.44
MP1 0 .225 . 1668 .0058 .0000 .0013 .0292 .0261 .0082 .1116 .0006
. 003 5 .0014 .0237 .050 .2390 94.75 2.64
MP1 1 .225 . 1168 . 1043 • 0013 • 0438 .0373 .0119 .2233
.0014 .0118 .014 .3344 97.68 3.95
MP1 2 .105 . 0250 .0023 .0745 . 0013 .0438 .0186 • 00 8 2 .1116
. 0023 .0014 .0118 .013 .3060 99.47 2.92
MP1 3 .090 . 1168 .0298 .0013 .0292 .0186 .0082 .0782
.0118 .018 .3500 98.23 2.73
KP1 4 .150 . 3337 .0023 .0000 .0013 .0438 .0186 .0118 . 0782 . 0014
. 0006 .0237 .022 .2380 98.49 3.19
MP2 5 .150 . 0834 .0012 .0293 .0013 .0438 .0186 .0116 .1116
. 0006 • 0237 . 0 2 1 .1 3 1 8 95.61 3.54
MP2 7 .225 . 0501 .0012 .0000 . 0013 .0438 .0186 .0082 . 1116
• 0053 •0237 .019 .1666 93.88 3.60
MP2 3 .752 . 0250 .0000 . 0013 . 0438 .0186 .0116 .1675 . 0008
.0167 .0012 . 0000 .0013 .0438 .0261 .0118 .1675 . 0014 .0237 .012 .2192 98.30 5.43
MP2 9 .902
.0367 .0023 .0298 .0013 • 0438 .0166 .0082 .1116 • 0008 .0237 .0 1 6 .2036 96.80 3.70
MP3 0 1 . 0 5 2
.0373 . 0235 .1675 . 0008 .0237 .011 .2323 93.74 5.67
MP3 1 .752 .1668 .0012 . 0000 .0013 . 0292
.0167 .0115 .0000 .0013 .0438 .0186 .0059 .1116 . 0003 .0118 .021 .2314 98.41 3.46
MP3 2 .301
.2309 .0438 .0373 . 00 82 .0782 .0014 . 0 0 00 .015 .2768 90.77 5.53
MP33 .225 .0250 .1490 . 0025
.0237 .022 .0536 96.64 4.34
MP3 9 .011 .0012 . 0035 . 0000 .0013 .0585 .0186 .0235 . 1116 . 0008
. 0058 .0237 .022 .1020 96.57 3.27
MP4 0 .030 . 0025 .0000 .0013 . 0585 .0186 .0353 .1675 . 0008
.0014 .012 .0878 94.58 6.87
MP4 1 .075 .0008 . 0023 . 0000 • 0025 .0585 . 0373 .0353 .1116 .0591
.0118 .010 .2696 98.10 3.17
MP1 5 .120 .0117 • 0035 .0000 .0013 .0438 .0186 .0059 .1116 .8019
• 0237 .005 .2588 97.06 2.49
MP1 6 .060 . 0025 • 0035 .0447 .0013 .0438 .0261 • 0059 .1116 . 0014
.0237 .005 .2583 99.74 3.35
MP1 7 .451 .0017 . 0058 .0293 .0013 .0438 .0261 . 0059 .1116 .0019
.0014 .0237 .013 .1743 96.83 2.62
MP1 8 .105 . 0083 . 0 023 .0293 .0013 . 0438 • 0186 . 0059 • 0782
.0167 .0006 .0113 .005 .2388 96.33 2.97
MP1 9 .150 . 0 00 8 .0115 .0000 . 0013 .0292 .0186 . 0059
. 0023 • 0014 .0118 .012 .2012 93.93 5.17
MP2 0 .150 . 0008 .0000 .0013 .0292 .0186 . 0059 .0335
.0186 . 0082 .0782 . 0008 .0237 . 0 1 1 .1 9 6 6 97.47 2.84
MP2 1 .451 .0117 .0035 .0298 .0013 • 0292
. 0438 .0186 .0082 .1116 .0019 .0237 .009 .1712 95.78 2.95
MP2 2 .090 .0167 .0012 . 0000 . 0013
.0186 . 0059 .1116 .0014 .0237 .010 .1776 97.34 2.20
MP2 3 .180 .1668 .0012 .0000 .0013 .0585
.0237 . 0 2 1 .1 2 3 2 98.28 1.64
MP2 4 .090 .0167 . 0023 .0000 .0013 .0555 .0112 .0118 .1116 . 0006
.0585 .0112 .0118 .1116 . 0006 .0237 .018 .1142 93.54 " 2.21
MP2 5 .150 .0063 .0012 .0000 .0013
• 0009 .0118 .026 .0673 98.53 .90
MP3 4 .150 . 005 0 .0012 .0000 . 0013 .0438 .0186 .0059 .0782
209
T able A -1 4 . A n aly tical d a t a , in c a tio n p e rc e n t, of q u artz m onzonite from the
M ineral Park mine
NO S I02 ,A L 2 0 3 K2 0 NA2 0 CAO FEO MGO UNO T I 02 H2 0 cu SULFU FE2 0 3

MR 1 71.25 11.68 6.91 .66 .03 2.01 .58 . 00 .06 4.56 .16 8.26 0.00
MR 3 55.06 12.44 3.96 .25 .04 7.39 • 91 .01 .32 13.36 .64 21.59 0.00
MR 5 59.93 1 6 .2 9 7.31 .30 .02 2.18 1.09 .01 .44 9.41 .37 10.13 0.00
MR 6 54.21 1 9 .0 1 5.04 .36 .02 1.32 .45 . 00 .31 17.72 .10 5.76 0.00
MR 7 56.24 16.09 5.34 .12 .02 3.45 1.32 .01 .33 12.35 .57 16.00 0 . 00
MR 3 59.78 14.91 5.14 .21 .01 3.11 1.21 .01 .45 10.45 .72 15.09 0 . 00
MR 9 66.03 14.69 7.88 .53 .29 .54 1.43 • 01 • 34 7.32 .08 .69 . 69
MP1 Q 65.16 14.91 8.87 .53 .03 1.38 .97 .01 .34 6.16 .12 6.04 0.00
MP11 65.00 1 4 .4 6 7.81 .54 • 02 1.62 1.23 .01 .47 6.95 .12 - 7.0 1 0.00
M P1 2 6 6 . 62 1 2 . 6 2 4.42 .21 .03 3.19 .84 .01 .34 8.84 . 05 1 1 . 2 9 0.00
MP1 3 67.99 1 3 .09 6.39 .35 .01 2.04 .83 .01 ♦ 34 6.90 .05 8.37 0.00
MP14 65.45 14.56 6.47 .42 .02 1.64 .97 .00 .34 8.33 • 03 6.59 0.03
MP2 6 57.00 1 3 .2 6 7.02 2.21 .10 • 41 1.90 • 01 .43 10.30 • 08 1.95 1.79
MP2 7 63.20 16.27 6.65 1.08 .03 1.26 .74 • 00 • 45 9.49 • 11 2.83 0.00
MP2 3 60.09 16.32 6.78 1.82 .03 1.41 1.22 .01 . 44 8.54 .37 6.78 1.17
MP2 9 58.54 14.83 6.50 1.53 .05 3.29 1.18 .01 .45 7.60 .41 11.29 2 . 70
MP3 0 62.93 14.22 7 . no .43 • 02 2.94 . 74 .00 .34 7.28 .52 13.47 0.00
MP31 51.97 19.77 5
.53 .42 .03 1.53 • 62 .00 .42 17.42 . 34 7.4 7 0.00
M P3 2 63.01 1 2 .2 7 5
.22 .31 .01 2.86 .75 .00 .11 7.24 . 15 1 2 . 1 5 0.03
MP3 3 64.13 14.70 5
.88 .17 .29 1.03 1.89 .21 . 36 10.05 .11 4.66 0.00
M P3 9 65.60 14.01 3
.49 .32 .05 .01 .13 .00 .33 13.60 .01 • 05 2.43
MP4 0 65.39 14.96 5
.79 .48 .02 .02 .36 .01 .46 8.93 .02 .14 3.53
MP4 1 54.21 1 4 .9 5 .82 .10 .10 .04 .09 .01 .95 26.56 • 03 .29 2.06
MP1 5 65.50 14.19 5.92 .37 . 01 2.22 .73 .01 .34 8.37 • 06 9.14 0.00
MP1 6 63.73 15.40 8.52 .57 . .11 1.76 .92 .01 .34 7.16 .03 5.74 0.00
MP1 7 63.20 1 5 .4 3 6.47 .37 .02 1.89 .78 • 01 .33 9.12 .22 8.54 0.00
7.80 .63 .02 • 99 .62 . 00 .23 6.58 .06 4.21 0.00
MP1 3 67.43 1 4 .59
64.56 1 5 .7 8 8.09 .55 .02 1.17 .79 .01 .23 8.09 .08 2.51 0.00
MP1 9
M P2 0 56.44 1 8 .3 7 4.91 .33 .02 .50 .64 .00 .21 17.29 .07 2.32 .63
MP2 1 64.96 1 5 .2 6 7.62 .49 .02 1.36 .67 • 00 .23 7.73 .23 5.66 0.00
MP2 2 66.23 14 .5 3 6.63 .43 .02 1.68 .57 .00 • 34 8.01 .05 5.94 0.03
MP2 3 63.26 1 3 .9 6 7.64 .58 .02 1.29 .57 .00 .23 6.44 • 10 3.61 0.00
MP2 4 66.17 1 5 .3 3 6.96 3.55 .12 .88 .65 .00 .23 5.51 .05 2.23 0.00
64.69 1 6 .2 2 8. 8l 2.38 .03 .31 .45 .00 . 34 5.33 • 08 1.60 .94
MP2 5
MP3 4 82.32 7.97 5.80 .35 • 01 .52 • 26 .00 • 06 2.00 .09 2.45 0.00
o
T able A -15. A n aly tical d a ta , in p e rc e n t by w e ig h t, of g ran o d io rite from th e S an ta
Rita mine
NO DENS S I02 AL 2 0 3 K20 NA20 CAO FED MGO MNO T I 02 SULFU FE2 0 3 C0 2 S03
SR 1 2.61 6 7 . 00 14.74 5.30 2.02 1.18 2.83 1.63 . .06 .50 .20 3.45 0.00 0.03
SR 2 2.58 6 7 . 00 14.93 5.06 2.43 1.40 3.65 1.66 • 09 • 50 .02 2.76 0.00 0.00
SR 3 2.62 66.30 14.17 6.26 .94 .76 3.99 1.64 .03 .50 .23 0.00 0.00 0.00
66.00 15.50 4.70 1.62 1.37 4.37 1.66 .06 .50 .33 0.00 .22 0.00
SR 4 2.55
67.00 14.93 4.56 2.70 2.24 3.00 1.53 .09 .50 .01 3.07 0.00 0.00
SR 5 2.68
SR 6 2.66 67.00 15.50 3.37 3.51 3.03 2.75 1.49 .06 .50 .01 2.76 0.03 0.03
SR 7 2.63 71.00 11.15 6.99 .44 .20 1.38 1.19 .06 .33 .30 4.65 >0 . 0 0 0.00
SR 8 2.66 6 2 . 30 15.50 5.66 .24 .57 4.12 1.82 • 06 .50 .37 .84 0 . 03 0 . 00
SR 9 2 .62 65.00 13.42 6.26 1.62 .81 3.47 1.82 • 04 .50 1.54 3.45 0.00 0.00
SR10 2.48 74.00 10.58 5.66 .47 .29 1.80 1.18 .03 .50 .13 0.00 0.00 0.00
S R1 1 2.63 70.00 11.91 6.63 • 82 .32 1.28 1.41 • 06 .50 .05 5.45 0.00 0.00
SR1 2 2.55 71.00 11.15 7.59 .39 .22 1.54 • 66 .03 .33 1.14 1.16 0.00 0 . 00
SRI 3 2.62 68.00 14.93 5.06 2.02 1.54 3.04 1.99 .04 .50 .16 .69 0.00 0.00
12.47 6.63 .47 .23 1.42 1.08 • 01 .50 • 10 0.00 0.90 0.00
SRI 4 2.48 75.00
2.58 73.00 12.66 7.59 1.27 .42 1.93 1.63 .02 • 50 .07 0.00 0.03 0.00
SR15
SR15 2.42 67.00 17.01 6.75 .71 .27 1.14 .65 .01 .50 • 10 4.34 0.00 0.00
SR17 2.54 69.00 15.69 7.47 1.48 • 43 .73 1.23 .01 .33 .58 2.67 0 . 00 0.00
SR18 2.65 66. 0 0 14.93 6.02 2.02 1.32 2.62 1.66 • 03 .67 .10 2.76 0.00 C. 0 0
SR19 2.46 6 6 . 00 17.58 6.38 .54 • 20 .23 .33 • 01 .50 .20 1.79 0 . 00 0.00
2.44 77.00 11.72 4.58 .30 .11 .39 .03 • 00 .50 .35 0.00 0.00 .77
SR2 0
SR2 1 2.28 71.00 15.12 4.58 .28 .14 .51 .05 • 00 .50 • 40 0.00 0.00 4 . 80
SR2 2 2.42 65.00 16.06 5.42 • 30 .20 .77 .10 .00 .33 .35 0.00 0.00 6.13
SR2 3 2.46 7 3 . 00 12.28 4.10 .23 .10 .90 • 03 • 00 .33 • 70 0.00 0.03 4.78
SR2 4 2.56 81.00 10.21 4.94 .34 .08 .51 • 07 .00 .33 .03 0.00 0.03 1.79
SR2 5 2.46 6 9 . 30 15.69 6.50 .44 .08 1.03 .15 .00 .50 • 70 0.00 0.00 1.55
SR26 2.59 17.95 3.61 .27 .11 .51 • 10 .00 .50 .55 0.00 0 . 00 0.00
71.00
SR2 7 2.44 73.00 14.55 5.42 .32 • 20 .45 .27 .00 .33 • 40 .14 0.00 0.00
2.46 72.00 15.12 5.42 ..35 .15 .39 .13 .00 .33 .35 0.00 0.99 0.00
SR2 8
12.10 4.46 .24 • 10 . 3,4 .20 • 00 .33 .30 .68 0.00 0.00
SR30 2.45 79.00
2.53 10.77 4.82 .30 • 13 1.03 .13 .00 .33 .92 0.00 0.00 .77
SR 3 1 7 8 . 00
6 8 . 00 14.74 4.46 1.33 1.68 3.48 1.82 • 13 .50 2.24 2.00 0.00 0.00
SR32 2.65
16.06 3.13 1.89 1.19 5.15 2.32 .19 .50 2.67 0.00 0.00 0.00
SR3 3 2.52 64.00
SR34 2.66 7 7 . 00 9.83 2.65 .04 .08 2.57 .50 .01 .33 2.34 0.00 0.00 0.00
6 8 . 00 17.95 3.98 .18 .14 .58 .13 .01 .67 .20 1.00 0.00 0.00
SR3 5 2.55
11.34 2.89 .07 .10 3.86 .33 .01 .50 3.37 0.00 0.00 0.00
SR36 2.65 74.00
14.17 6.38 .42 .50 3.93 1.66 .04 .50 .20 4.14 0.00 0.00
SR37 2.48 66.00
14.36 3.37 2.02 .62 4.17 1.34 .26 .50 • 00 4.76 0.00 0.00
SR33 2.60 66.00
1 6 . 44 3.13 4.31 5.04 4.61 2.16 .13 .67 .00 • 34 2.06 0.00
SR39 2.69 6 0 . 00
1.53 .06 .67 .00 3.69 0.03 0.00
211
SR40 2.66 66.00 15.69 .65 3.51 4.48 2.20
T able A -1 5 . A n a ly tica l d a ta , in p e rc e n t by w e ig h t, of g ran o d io rite from th e S anta Rita
m ine— C ontinued
NO CU S MOS2 PBS ZNS N IO CR2 0 3 V2 0 5 ZR0 2 BAO BE D SR 0 2 CKLOR FLUOR TOTAL H20
SR 1 .301 .0167 .0058 . 0025 .0438 • 0373 .0118 .1675 . 0006 • 0828 .0 1 8 .0871 99.62 1.43
SR Z .030 .0117 .0035 .0003 .0013 .0438 .0373 .0059 .1675 .0008 .0828 .005 .0415 99.91 1.67
SR 3 .150 .0033 .0023 .1043 .0064 .0292 .0373 .0118 .1675 . 0006 .0 237 .011 .1593 95.20 1.95
SR 4 .331 . 0167 .0035 .0745 .0064 . 0292 .0373 . 0082 .1675 .0014 .0828 .0 1 2 .1141 9 7 . 39 2.44
SR 5 .015 . 0025 .0035 .0000 .0013 .0585 .0373 .0032 .1675 . 0014 .1183 .012 .0436 103.10 1.06
SR 6 .015 .0017 .0023 .0000 .0013 .029 2 .0261 .0359 .1675 . 0003 .1183 .0 3 1 .0496 100.47 .69
SR 7 .451 .1668 .0035 .0447 .0013 .0585 .0373 . 0059 .1675 .0000 • 0237 .032 .0426 96.59 1.02
SR 8 .601 .0117 .0058 .0298 .0025 .0292 .0373 . 0082 .1675 . 0003 • 0355 .0 0 5 • 1636 92.60 3.22
SR 9 .301 . 0050 .0 035 . 0000 . 0025 .0438 .0559 • 0032 .1675 .0003 .0591 • O il .1 0 8 0 96.59 1.21
SR1 9 .000 .0003 .0023 .0000 .0013 .0585 . 0261 . 0082 .1675 . 0003 .0237 .0 5 1 .0372 95.03 1.28
SR11 .075 . 0008 .0035 .0298 .0025 .0505 .0373 • 0082 .2233 .0000 • 0355 .033 .0657 9 8 . 99 .93
SR1 2 .902 • 0008 .0935 .0300 .0025 .0585 .0261 .0032 .1675 .0000 .0355 .003 .0663 9 6 . 19 1.75
SR1 3 • 045 • 0008 .0023 .0298 .0025 • 0438 .0373 . 0082 .1675 . 0006 .0591 .0 3 5 .1079 96.49 1.52
SR14 .150 • 0008 .0023 .0000 .0025 .0585 .0373 . 0082 .1675 . 0003 .0355 .060 .1033 98.54 1.67
.0167 .0023 .0000 .0025 .0585 .0373 . 0032 • 1675 . 0003 .0355 .3 6 1 .1174 99.66 • 66
SR1 5 .105
.0023 .0000 .0013 • 0205 .0261 .0176 .2233 .0003 .0591 .0 3 4 . 0602 99.03 3.49
SRI 6 .150 .0033
.0023 .0000 .0013 .0292 .0373 • 0082 .1675 .0003 .0355 • 038 .1460 100.20 1.56
SR17 .075 . 0025
.150 . 0050 .0023 .0000 .0025 .0292 • 0373 .0176 .2233 .0014 .1133 • 030 .1 2 5 1 93.81 .83
SRI 8
• 301 . 0033 .0012 .0000 .0013 . 0205 • 0373 • 00 8 2 .2233 . OCOO .0355 • 024 • 0639 94.42 3.63
SR19
.301 .0117 .0012 .0000 .0013 .0585 .0373 . 0059 .1675 .0000 .0355 .0 1 0 . 0241 96.30 3.72
SR2 0
. 0 033 .0012 .0000 .0013 .0438 . 0373 .0059 .2233 . 0000 .0591 .0 2 7 • 0436 90.23 1.62
SR2 1 .601
.0167 .0012 .0000 .0013 • 0433 .0373 .0059 .2233 .0000 .0355 .015 .0512 95.65 2.80
SR22 .752
.1001 .0912 .0000 .0013 . 0438 .0373 .0059 .1675 . 0000 .0118 .024 .0339 97.64 1.61
SR2 3 1.052
.0017 .0012 .0030 .0006 . 0585 .0186 .0059 .1116 . 0000 .0237 .020 .0182 99.60 .61
SR2 4 .045
. 0334 .0912 .0000 .0006 .0438 .0261 . 0059 .1675 . 0000 .0237 .0 0 5 .0334 96.99 2.29
SR2 5 1.503
.0012 .0000 .0006 .0292 .0261 . 0032 .2233 .0000 .0591 .0 0 3 .3426 95.6 7 5.08
SR26 1 .052 . 1663
. 025 0 .0912 .0000 .0006 . 0292 .0186 .0059 .1675 . 0000 .0591 .0 0 1 .0543 95.35 3.21
SR2 7 • 601
.0012 .0000 .0013 .0292 • 0186 . 0082 .1675 .0000 . 0825 . 0 0 2 .0 342 95.33 4.85
SR2 8 .752 . 0025
.0012 .0000 .0006 .0585 .0261 • 0082 .1675 . 0000 .0237 .018 .0342 9 8 . 39 4.41
SR30 .451 . 0050
. 0012 .0000 . 001.3 .0585 .0261 . 0032 .1675 .0000 .1183 • 030 .0356 98.33 2.71
SR31 1.052 . 0334
.0023 .0000 .0013 • 0438 .0373 .0118 .1675 .0008 .0828 .017 .0528 101.13 2.63
SR32 .150 . 00 0 8
.0023 .0447 .0013 .0058 .0373 .0235 .1675 .0014 .0828 .0 0 4 . 1012 97.81 3.90
SR33 .005 • 0008
. 0012 . 0000 .0013 .0585 .0261 .0059 .0558 .0000 .0237 .0 2 8 .1113 96.07 3.23
SR3 4 .601 . 0033
.0023 .0000 .0013 . 0438 • 0373 .0235 .1675 .0 006 .0355 .0 2 5 .0539 93.47 7 . 82
SR35 .301 • 0017
1.503 . 0008 .0012 .0000 .0013 • 0585 .0373 . 0082 .1675 .0000 .0355 .0 3 1 • 0547 97.36 4.99
SR3 6
.0058 .0447 .0025 .0438 .0373 .0118 .1675 .0006 .0355 .018 .1122 98.64 2.85
SR37 .301 .0117
.0058 .0447 .0006 .0146 . 0373 .0235 .1116 .0003 .0355 .005 .0403 97.73 3.72
SR38 .006 . 0008
.0023 .0000 .0013 . 0205 .0373 .0176 .1675 . 0003 .0823 .0 5 4 • 0473 99.55 0.00
SR3 9 .002 • 0000
.0223 . 0008 .1183 .041 .0468 98.73 1.17
212
SR4 0 .001 . 0000 .0000 .0000 .0013 .0205 .0373 .0235
Table A -1 6 . A n a ly tica l d a ta , in c a tio n p e rc e n t, of g ran o d io rite from th e S an ta Rita
T able A -1 6 . A n a ly tica l d a ta , in c a tio n p e rc e n t, of g ran o d io rite from th e S an ta Rita mine
NO SIO ? AL203 K2 0 NA2 0 CAO FEO MGO UNO T I02 H 20 CU SULFU F E 203 C 02 S 03
SR 1 59.93 15.52 6.04 3.50 1.12 2.11 2.16 .05 .34 6.40 .17 1.35 2.31 0.00 0.00
SR 2 59.54 15.62 5.73 4.17 1.33 2.71 2.19 • 07 .33 6.41 .02 .13 1.84 0.03 0.00
SR 3 69.16 15.21 7.27 1.67 • 74 3.04 2.25 • 02 • 34 8.31 .08 1.60 0 . 03 0.00 0.00
SR 4 57.96 16.02 5.26 2.75 1.29 3.21 2.17 .05 .33 9.99 .16 2.21 0.00 .26 0.30
SR 5 60.62 15.90 5.25 4.72 2.17 2.26 2.05 .07 .34 4.48 . 01 .07 2.03 0 . 03 0 . 00
SR 6 60.72 16.54 3.89 6.15 2.98 2.05 2.01 .05 .34 3.33 . 01 .07 1.37 0.00 0.00
SR 7 6 6 . 81 12.35 8.38 .81 .20 1.09 1.67 .05 .24 4.32 .26 2.13 3.28 0.00 0 . 30
SR 8 56.05 16.50 6.52 .42 .55 3 . 11 2 . 45 .05 .34 12.45 • 32 2.40 .57 0.00 0.00
SR 9 59.10 14.36 7.26 2.85 • 79 2.63 2.47 • 03 .34 5.03 .17 10.48 2.35 0.03 0 . 00
SR10 70.37 11.85 6.86 .87 .30 1.43 1.67 .02 .36 6.04 .00 .95 0.00 0.00 0.00
SRI 1 65.03 13.02 7.84 1.45 .32 .99 1.95 .05 .35 5.04 • 04 .35 3.80 0.00 0 . 00
SR12 68.27 12.62 9.30 .73 .23 1.23 .95 .02 .24 3.25 .50 7.11 .84 0.00 0.00
SR13 6 C. 5 3 15.65 5.74 3.48 1.47 2.26 2.64 .03 .33 7.12 .02 1.09 . 46 0.00 0.00
SR14 68.23 13.36 7.68 . 83 .27 1.08 1.46 .31 .34 6.49 .08 .69 0.00 0 . 00 0 . 00
SRI 5 66.67 13.62 8.83 2.24 .41 1.47 2.21 .01 .34 4.01 • 06 .49 0.00 0.00 0.00
SR16 58.86 17.59 7.55 1.22 .25 .33 .85 .01 .33 9.40 .07 .66 2.86 0.00 0.00
SRI 7 61.21 16.38 8.44 2.55 .41 • 54 1.69 .01 .22 •6 . 1 5 .04 2.34 1.77 0.00 0.00
SRI 8 60.20 16.93 7.00 3.57 1.28 2.00 2.25 .02 .46 5.05 .09 .69 1.89 0.00 0 . 00
59.43 1 8 . 6 4 • 7.32 .94 .19 .17 .51 • 01 .34 10.72 .15 1.36 1.21 0.00 0.00
SP1 9
71.34 12.78 5.40 .53 .11 .30 .05 • 00 .35 7.95 .15 1.88 0.00 0.00 .54
SR20
SR 2 1 63.55 15.93 5.22 .49 .13 .38 .07 .00 .34 9.66 .34 2.70 0.00 0.00 3.22
SR22 55.51 16.15 5.90 .49 .18 .55 .13 .00 .21 15.96 .40 2.17 0.00 0.00 3.96
SR2 3 65.95 13.07 4.71 .40 • 09 • 68 .11 . 00 .23 9.72 • 60 4.77 0.03 0.00 3.24
SR2 4 76.20 11.30 5.92 .61 .08 .40 .09 • 00 .24 3.80 .03 .21 0.00 0.00 1.27
SR25 60.72 16.25 7.29 .76 • 08 .76 • 20 • 00 .33 10.61 .31 4.46 0.00 0.00 1.02
SR2 6 57.45 17.11 3.73 .42 .10 .35 .12 • 00 .30 1 9 .0 3 .49 3.09 0 . 00 0.00 0.00
SR2 7 66.21 15.54 6.26 .57 .19 .34 .36 .00 .23 9.15 .31 2 . 74 .09 0.00 0.00
SR2 8 65.33 16.15 6.27 .62 .15 .29 .18 .00 .23 9.62 .36 2.23 0.00 0.00 0.00
SR30 71.79 12.94 5.16 .43 .10 .26 .27 .00 .23 7.55 .22 2.06 • 46 0.00 0.00
SR3 1 71.65 11.65 5.64 .53 .12 .79 .18 .00 .23 6.67 .55 5.53 0.00 0.00 .53
SR32 5 9 . C9 15.08 4.93 2.25 1.56 2.52 2.36 .09 .33 7.61 • 08 10.42 1.30 0.00 0.00
15.54 3.28 3 . 00 1.05 3.53 2.84 • 13 .31 14.04 • 00 14.13 0.00 0.00 0.00
SR33 52.59
SR3 4 70.90 10.65 3.11 .07 .03 1.98 • 68 .01 .23 9.65 .31 9.04 0.00 0.00 0.00
SR3 5 57.15 17.77 4.26 .29 .13 .41 .23 .00 .42 18.25 .13 1.27 .63 0.3 0 0.00
SR3 5 65.62 11.84 3.27 • 12 .09 2.86 • 44 .00 • 31 1 0 . 9 7 .69 14.28 0.00 0.00 0.00
SR37 58.87 14.89 7.25 .72 • 48 2.93 2.20 .03 .33 9.02 .16 1.35 2.77 0.03 0.00
57.70 14.78 3.76 3.42 • 58 3.04 1.75 .19 .3 3 11.26 • 00 .03 3.12 0.00 0.00
SR38
56.20 10.13 3.74 7.82 5.05 3.60 3.01 • 10 .47 . 0.00 .00 .01 .24 1.46 0.00
SR3 9
2.04 .45 6.12 .00 .00 2.49 0.00 0 . 00
213
SR4 0 59.41 16.62 .75 6.11 4.31 1.66 .05
T able A -1 7 . A n aly tical d a ta , in p e rc en t by w e ig h t, of g ran o d io rite from
the Brenda mine
AL203 K20 NA20 CAO FED MGO MNO T I 02 SULFU F E 2 C3

NO DE NS S I 0 2
2.71 64.30 15.12 3.49 3.10 3.64 5.27 3.32 .13 • 67 • 40 0.00
B 2
15.31 3.37 2.83 3.78 4.19 2.32 .06 .17 .37 .69
B 4 2.73 66.10
B 5 2.75 64.30 15.69 3.25 3.37 4.20 3.88 2.32 • 06 .25 .02 1.39
65.20 15.50 2.77 3.37 4.06 2.36 2.49 .06 .17 .17 2.76
0 0 2.68
2.53 3.51 4.43 4.09 2.49 .09 .33 .03 2.07
0 9 2.79 63.40 15.12
2.74 65.20 14.93 3.37 3.24 3.92 3.75 2.16 .06 .17 2.11 1.39
869
2.71 64.30 17.01 2.65 3.24 2.33 4.89 2.16 .06 .33 1.12 0.00
B IO
2.7 5 65.20 16.06 2.53 3.64 3.92 4.27 2.16 .06 .25 .00 1.39
B 13
814 2.90 63.40 1 6 . 62 2.29 3.51 4.62 3.91 2.49 .09 .25 .01 2.76
2.71 63.40 16.44 2.77 3.37 3.03 4.73 1.66 .13 .50 .44 .34
023
823 2.68 67.00 15.12 4.22 3.51 2.24 1.93 .80 .04 .33 .01 0.00
16.06 2.77 3.64 4.76 4.47 2.65 .13 .50 .02 2.07
024 2.76 64.00
2.74 66.00 16.06 1.93 4.04 3.22 4.84 2.65 .13 .67 .21 .69
826
027 2.76 63.00 16.25 3.01 3.37 4.20 4.68 2.49 .13 .67 .41 1.03
2.72 67.40 15.50 2.89 2.70 2.80 4.48 1.99 .13 .83 1.43 . 34
033
2.71 59.70 15.69 2.89 3.37 4.06 5.02 2.65 .13 .67 .22 0.00
031
2.75 65.00 16.06 2.89 3.51 4.06 4.71 2.65 .19 .83 .09 . 69
B34
B 1 2.74 67.80 15.50 3.49 3.37 3.36 3.60 1.99 • 06 • 25 .61 0.00
2.70 65.20 15.31 3.01 3.51 3.50 3.11 1.82 .06 .25 .07 1.38
B 3
15.88 4.82 3.24 2.52 2.57 1.46 .04 .17 .14 0.00
B 6 2.65 67.00
2.71 69.00 15.88 2.41 4.04 3.22 2.60 1.54 .04 •17 .19 1.38
B 6
B 7 2.69 67.00 14.74 3.37 3.37 2.94 2.85 1.66 .04 .17 .13 1.38
13.42 2.77 3.51 2.52 2.88 1.38 .04 .17 .45 1.03
811 2.70 63.90
14.74 3.25 3.37 3.36 2.80 1.82 .06 .17 .01 2.07
812 2.67 67.00
3.25 3.37 2.66 3.06 1:41 .04 .17 .67 .34
015 2.69 70.50 13.80
14.36 3.13 3.51 2.60 3.04 1.61 .06 .17 .23 .69
016 2.66 63.90
14.74 3.01 3.91 3.08 2.16 1.46 • 04 .17 • 16 2.07
B17 2.68 68.90
16.06 1.93 4.31 3.36 3.22 1.48 • 04 .17 .01 0.00
B lfi 2.69 69.00
15.89 2.89 4.18 2.80 2.47 1.41 .04 .17 .00 1.38
319 2.70 69.00
69.00 15.88 2.89 4.04 2.94 2.49 1.63 .04 .17 .18 1.03
020 2.62
2.72 66.50 16.63 2.89 4.45 1.96 2.78 1.44 • 04 .17 .02 .69
021
69.50 15.88 2.77 4.19 2.66 2.49 1.49 • 04 .17 . 15 1.03
822 2.70
2.63 65.20 14.74 3.73 2.83 2.24 3.60 1.31 • 06 .50 .62 0.00
825
2.67 70.00 16.25 2.77 4.45 1.96 2.03 1.36 .09 .67 .12 2.07
828
2.71 66.50 15.12 2.89 3.91 2.66 2.62 1.44 •09 .50 .07 1.03
029
3.01 4.18 2.80 2.29 1.24 .13 .50 .01 .34
832 2.71 69.30 15.69
033 2.70 70.30 15.12 3.49 3.77 2.66 2.39 1.31 • 13 • 50 .02 .69
214
T able A -1 8 . A n a ly tica l d a ta , in p e rc e n t by w e ig h t, of g ran o d io rite from th e Brenda m ine—
C ontinued " ''
NO CUS M0 S 2 P BS ZNS N IO CR2 0 3 V205 ZR0 2 BAD BEO SR0 2 CHLO R FLUOR TOTAL H2 0
B 2 • 391 .0434 .0023 • 0119 .0013 .0585 .0559 • 0024 .1116 .0008 .0591 .008 .0986 100.15 .45
B 4 • 346 .0501 .0017 .0089 .0013 .0292 .0261 .0059 .1116 .0006 .0237 .004 .0514 99.73 .71
.030 .0027 .0017 .0075 .0013 .0292 .0261 . 0059 .1116 .0006 .0237 .006 .0454 99.01 .76
B 5
B 8 • 248 .0217 .0012 .0082 .0013 .0292 .0261 .0082 .1116 .0006 .0355 .019 .0552 99.38 .91
.0037 .c o c o . 0082 .0013 .0292 .0373 .0324 .1675 .0036 .0591 .015 .0576 93.64 .35
B 9 .120
.0501 .0000 .0032 .0013 .0292 .0373 . 0024 .1675 .0006 .0591 .008 .0495 101.20 .00
869 .752
.0000 .0104 .0013 • 0292 .0373 .0324 .1675 .0006 .0591 .005 .0588 93.56 1.54
810 .075 • 0013
. 0000 .0075 .0013 .0205 .0373 . 0024 .1675 .0006 .0355 .011 • 0648 99.83 .58
B 13 .005 .0010
814 . 0007 . 0006 .0089 .0013 .0205 .0373 . 3024 .1675 .0006 .0591 .016 .0444 100.53 1.03
.011
.0013 .0006 .0097 .0013 .0292 .0559 . 0032 .2233 . 0008 .0 828 .011 .0420 97.38 3.20
B2 3 • 0 66
. 0007 . 0003 .0045 .0013 .0438 .0373 .0059 .2233 .0006 .0591 .020 . 0 250 95.61 2.72
023 • O il
B2 4 .033 .0317 .0006 . 0032 .0025 .0585 .0746 . 0059 .2233 .0006 .0828 .037 .0377 101.66 .42
.113 . 0023 .0006 .0075 .0025 .0435 .0559 . 0359 .1116 . 0008 .0591 .010 .0470 100.36 2.51
826
.9037 .0000 .0089 . 0025 .0433 .0559 .0235 .1675 .0006 .0591 .002 .0393 99.80 .62
827 .218
. 0000 .0104 .0025 .0585 .0746 • 0176 .2233 .0008 .0828 .019 .0503 101.55 1.95
830 .534 .1752
. 0023 .0000 . 0075 .0025 .0438 . 0559 . 0059 .1675 .0006 .0828 .025 • 0503 94.93 .97
831 .135
.0003 .0089 . 0025 .0438 .0746 .0059 .2233 . 0008 .0828 .026 • 0546 101.37 .59
034 .128 .0767
.0517 . 0006 . 0067 .0013 .0585 .0373 . 0024 .1675 .0008 .0591 . 008 .0660 100.71 .45
8 1 .316
.0091 .0075 .0013 .0292 .0373 • 0024 .1116 .0008 .0355 .006 .0547 97.70 .59
B 3 .098 .1251
.0035 .0089 .0013 .0205 . 0261 . 0024 .1675 .0006 .0355 .001 .0403 98.35 1.10
B 6 .203 • 0817
.0013 .0205 .0186 .0024 .1116 .0006 .0237 .004 .0430 100.75 .24
B 6 .083 • 0050 . 0006 .0060
.0012 .0104 .0013 .0292 . 0261 . 0024 .1116 .0008 .0237 .013 .0492 98.15 .30
8 7 .271 .0017
. 0000 .0097 .0013 .0205 .0186 . 0024 .1116 .0006 .0591 .006 .0403 98.51 .38
811 .473 .8675
.0067 .0013 .0205 . 0373 . 0024 .1116 . 0006 .0237 .011 .0425 98.93 1.17
812 • 018 .0017 .0000
.0075 .0013 .0205 .0261 . 0024 .1116 .0006 .0355 .016 .0417 99.78 1.79
015 .210 .1034 . 0006
.0060 .0013 .0205 .0261 .0059 .1675 .0006 .0591 .011 .0310 98.92 .48
816 .143 .0023 .0006
.0067 .0013 . 0205 . 0261 . 0059 .1116 . 0006 .0591 .009 .0367 100.13 1.01
017 .233 • 0083 . 0006
.0013 . 0205 • 0186 . 0024 .1116 .0006 .0355 .004 .0226 9 9 . 91 .55
818 • 018 .0010 . 0006 .0075
.0205 . 0261 . 0024 .1675 .0006 .0355 .013 .0329 100.52 .27
819 .003 . 0007 . 0000 .0060 .0013
.0013 .0146 .0261 . 0024 .1116 . 0006 .0355 .003 . 0329 100.57 1.45
820 .072 . 0007 . 0006 .0052
.0013 .0146 .0186 . 0024 .1116 . 0006 • 0237 .010 .0350 97.80 1.09
821 .025 .0010 .0000 . 0075
.0013 .0146 . 0261 . 0024 .0782 .0006 .0237 .006 .0358 100.71 .46
822 .225 .0013 . 0006 .0075
.0438 .0559 . 0059 .1675 .0006 .0591 • 009 • 0600 95.40 2.58
825 .128 .0100 .0173 .0447 . 0025
.0104 • 0025 .0585 .0559 .0176 .2233 • 0006 .0 828 .016 .0624 102.41 .99
828 .173 .0013 . 0000
.0025 .0585 .0559 . 0059 .2233 .0006 .0 828 .014 .0378 97.40 .70
829 .098 .0133 .0000 .0075
.0038 .0585 • 0559 • 0118 .2233 .0006 .0828 .015 .0246 99.99 .51
832 .020 .0010 . 0000 .0052
.0025 .0585 .0373 .0118 .2233 .0006 .0591 • 023 .0315 100.86 .36
833 .032 .0023 .0000 .0045
215
T able A -1 8 . A n aly tical d a ta , in c a tio n p e rc e n t, of g ran o d io rite from th e Brenda
mine
NO S I02 -A L 2 0 3 K20 NA2 0 CA C FEO MGO MNO T I02 H2 0 CU SULFU FE203

B 2 53.24 16.13 4.03 5.44 3.53 3.99 4.4 7 .10 .45 2.73 .22 2.68 0.00
9 4 59.50 16.22 3.87 4.93 3.64 3.15 3.1 1 .05 . 11 4.14 .20 2.46 .47
B 5 53.54 16.82 3.77 5.94 4.09 2.95 3.1 5 .05 .17 3.53 .02 .14 .94
B 8 59.72 16.71 3.23 5.93 3.99 1.31 3.3 9 .05 .11 2.70 .14 1.14 1.90
3 9 59,20 16.62 3.01 6.34 4.47 3.19 3.4 6 .07 .23 1.75 .07 .56 1.45
869 5 9 .7 2 16.10 3.94 5.74 3.84 2.87 2.9 4 .05 .11 .01 .43 13.22 .95
B IO 55.20 17.19 2.90 5.38 2.18 3.50 2.75 .05 .21 8.79 .04 7.20 0.03
B 13 59.01 17.12 2.92 6.38 3.79 3.23 2.90 .05 .17 3.50 .00 .02 .94
014 56.73 17.72 2.61 6.07 4.42 2.92 3.31 .07 .17 4.11 .01 .05 1.85
B2 3 56.86 17.36 3.17 5.35 2.95 3.55 2.21 .10 .34 6.60 .03 2.99 .23
B23 63.39 16.84 5.08 6.42 2.27 1.52 1.12 .03 .24 3.06 .01 .05 0 . 00
B2 4 57.75 17.07 3.18 6.36 4.59 3.37 3.56 .10 .34 2.22 .02 .15 1.40
026 55.50 15.91 2.06 6.58 2.90 3.40 3.32 .09 .42 9.00 .06 1.32 .43
B27 56.75 17.24 3.46 5.38 4.05 3.52 3.33 .10 .45 3.71 .12 2.79 .70
830 5 3.16 15.75 3.13 4.50 2.58 3.23 2.56 .09 .54 6.59 .28 9.23 .22
831 55.37 17.13 3.42 6.05 4.03 3.89 3.66 .10 .46 5.43 .08 1.56 0.00
B34 57.98 16.67 3.29 6.05 3.87 3.51 3.52 . 15* .56 3.54 .07 .57 .46
B 1 60.98 16.41 4.00 5.37 3.23 2.71 2.66 .05 .17 2.71 .18 4.13 0.00
B 3 60.46 16.71 3.56 6.29 3.47 2.41 2.52 .05 .17 3.23 .06 .45 .96
0 6 61.12 17.05 5.60 5.71 2.46 1.96 1.98 .03 .11 3.62 .11 .93 0.00
0 6 62.91 17.04 2.80 7.14 3.14 1.99 2.09 .03 . 11 1.44 .05 1.29 .94
B 7 62.70 16.24 4.02 6.11 2.94 2.23 2.31 .03 .12 1.86 .16 1.27 .97
011 64.51 14.79 3.30 6.35 2.52 2.25 1.92 .03 .12 2.40 .28 3.16 .73
B 12 61.90 16.04 3.83 6.03 3.32 2.16 2.51 .05 .12 2.59 .01 . 08 1.43
3.80 5.99 2.61 2.34 1.92 .03 .11 2.22 .11 4.64 • 24
815 64.59 14.83
B 16 63.26 15.53 3.66 6.23 2.75 2.33 2.20 .05 . 11 2.93 .08 1.58 .47
917 63.21 15.92 3.52 6.94 3.02 1.65 1.99 • 03 • 11 1.77 .13 1.07 1.42
62.15 17.04 2.21 7.52 3.24 2.42 1.98 .03 .11 3.28 .01 .08 0.00
018
62.96 17.05 3.36 7.38 2.73 1.88 1.91 .03 .11 1.63 .00 .01 .94
B19
020 61.67 16.71 3.29 7.00 2.81 1.86 2.16 .03 .11 3.32 .04 1.22 .69
821 59.47 17.51 3.29 7.70 1.87 2.07 1.92 .03 . 11 5.51 .01 .11 .46
B22 62.38 16.78 3.17 7.26 2.55 1.87 1.99 .03 .11 2.78 .13 1.02 .73
825 6 0 .6 4 16.14 4.42 5.10 2.23 2.89 1.81 .05 .35 5.30 .07 4.32 0.00
B28 60.72 16.60 3.06 7.47 1.82 1.47 1.76 .07 .43 4.98 .09 .75 1.35
829 61.35 16.42 3.40 6.93 2.62 2.02 1.98 .07 .35 3.92 .06 .45 .72
032 62.66 16.70 3.47 7.32 2.71 1.73 1.67 .10 .34 3.04 .01 .09 .23
033 63.85 16.17 4.04 6.64 2.58 1.81 1.77 .10 .34 2.16 .02 .15 .47
216
Table A -1 9 . A n a ly tica l d a ta , in p e rc e n t by w e ig h t, of g ran o d io rite from th e
Thom pson C reek d e p o sit
NO OEMS S I C 2 AL203 K2 0 NA2 C CAO FEO MGO MNO TT02 SULFU FE2 0 3 CCS
TC 1 2.34 68.20 15.69 5.42 2.70 .98 .68 .27 .01 .17 .01 .50 0.00
TC 2 2.52 67.20 15.50 5.42 2.70 1.40 .68 .22 .01 .17 .00 .50 0.00
TC 3 2.59 63.90 14.36 6.02 2.97 1.04 2.00 .18 .02 .17 .01 1.00 0.00
TC U 2.30 67.20 15.31 6.63 2.02 .98 • 64 .20 • 01 .12 .57 0.00 0.00
TC 5 2.53 70.80 15.12 8.19 .23 .06 .00 .33 .01 .17 .00 1.46 0.00
TC 6 2.58 63.00 14.93 6.63 1.35 .77 2.44 .93 • 01 .17 .00 0.00 0.00
TC 7 2 .67 68.90 15.69 3.25 3.51 2.38 2.06 .76 • 06 .25 .03 0.00 0.00
TC 8 2.52 67.10 17.01 2.65 4.04 2.24 2.96 .99 .13 .25 ,00 0.00 .44
TC 9 2.28 7 0.80 15.31 4.34 2.97 1.23 2.19 .63 .03 .17 .00 0.00 0.00
TC10 2.60 72.90 16.06 3.49 3.24 1.68 2.57 • 76 • 06 .33 .00 0.00 0.00
T C 11 2.67 69.80 14.55 3.01 3.37 2.24 2.70 .30 .09 .25 .00 0.00 0.00
TC 1 2 3.2 2 70.30 10.96 3.61 .05 .08 4.89 .53 .03 .17 2.67 0.00 0.00
TC13 2.60 72.70 14.17 5.30 2.70 1.54 2.32 . 66 .01 .33 .00 0.00 0.00
TC14 2 .5 7 71.60 15.12 6.63 .92 .20 1.93 .27 .0 3 .17 .14 0.30 0.00
T C 15 2.64 70.90 13.99 5.78 2.16 • 60 2.44 . 33 .0 3 .12 .14 0.00 0.00
T C 16 2.50 72.80 12.47 3.61 2.70 .97 1.80 .22 .03 .12 .00 0.00 0.00
T C 17 2.61 80.00 9.64 4.94 1.75 • 62 1.54 .27 .03 .08 .00 0.00 0.00
T C 13 2.62 76.50 11.15 5.30 1.75 .70 1.67 . 30 .03 .08 .00 0.00 0.00
TC 1 9 2.65 74.70 11.91 3.85 2.29 1.29 1.93 .53 .03 .17 .00 0.00 0.00
T C 20 2.55 76.80 11.53 4.34 1.05 .31 3.22 .33 .04 .12 1.61 0.00 0.00
TC21 2.50 75.80 10.58 3.37 1.89 1.20 2.19 .50 .03 .17 .14 0.00 0.00
TC22 2.61 70.80 16.82 2.53 5.26 .28 1.42 .35 • 01 .12 .00 0.00 0.00
TC24 2.53 72.70 11.34 5.18 1.62 1.33 2.70 .38 .04 .17 .14 0.00 0.00
TC25 2.5 6 71.20 14.36 3.25 2.70 1.54 3.60 .73 .09 .50 .00 0.00 0.00
2.63 74.70 14.17 2.89 3.24 2.10 2.44 .75 .06 .50 .00 0.00 0.00
TC26
4.22 2.70 1.23 2.19 • 60 .04 .17 .00 0.00 0.00
TC27 2.59 74.70 13.99
TC28 2.64 72.70 14.55 4.46 .12 • 08 2.06 .45 .04 .17 1.07 0.00 0.00
2.64 74.70 13.42 4.59 2.56 1.23 1.77 .46 .04 .17 .00 .34 0.00
TC29
13.42 4.70 2.29 1.05 1.90 .48 .04 .17 • 27 .34 0.00
TC30 2.61 70.20
2.54 71.70 13.61 4.10 2.70 1.54 2.26 .63 .06 .17 .00 .69 0.00
TC3 1
13.04 5.42 2.56 1.08 1.04 .30 .03 .17 .27 0.00 0.00
TC32 2.60 71.70
4.94 2.02 .91 1.13 .27 .04 .17 .00 .34 0.00
TC33 2.63 74.70 11.15
75.30 11.53 4.94 2.29 1.02 .98 .35 .03 .17 .00 .34 0.00
TC34 2.63
217
T able A -1 9 . A n aly tical d a ta , in p e rc e n t by w e ig h t, o f g ran o d io rite from th e Thom pson
C reek d e p o s it— C ontinued
MO CUS HQS 2 PBS ZNS NIC CR203 V205 Z R 02 BAG 3E 0 S R 02 CHLOR FLUOR TOTAL H 20
TC 1 ,010 .0007 . 0 0 5 2 • 0317 .0013 .0433 .0373 .0059 .0782 . 0 008 .0355 .016 .0404 9 4 . 83 1.82
TC 2 ,003 .0057 . 0023 . 0037 .0013 .0433 .0373 .0059 .1675 .0014 .1133 .004 .0516 94.23 1 . C0
TC 3 • 010 .0217 .0012 .0022 .0013 • 0585 • 0261 • 0032 . 1 6 7 5 .0019 .1183 .003 .0401 97.11 1.37
TC 4 ,007 .0007 .0635 .0015 .0013 .0433 .0261 . 0024 . 1 1 1 6 .0014 .0237 .004 .0456 94.00 2.64
TC 5 •003 • 0020 .0023 .0022 .0013 .0438 .0261 .0024 .1675 .3014 .0118 .009 .1068 96.74 1.45
TC 6 .002 .0003 . 0 0 1 7 • 0075 .0013 .0438 .0261 .0024 .1675 .0014 .0118 .007 .0634 95.56 1.93
TC 7 .001 .0017 . 0 0 1 2 . 0 06 7 .0013 .0438 .0261 .0176 .1675 .0014 .1133 • CO 3 .0886 97.34 .69
TC 8 • 002 . 0007 .0762 .0358 .0013 .0438 .0261 .0176 .1116 .0028 .1133 .016 .0923 98.36 .93
TC 9 • 002 • 0023 .0012 .0164 .0013 .0438 .0261 .0118 .1116 .0019 .0591 .007 .1268 93.06 1.39
T C 10 .000 .0013 . 0006 . 0 0 6 7 .0013 .0585 . 0261 .0176 .1675 .0019 .1133 .005 .0776 101.49 1.00
T C 11 ,001 • 0010 . 0006 . 0 0 6 7 .0013 .0433 . 0261 .0176 .1675 .0014 .1133 .011 .0733 9 7 . 29 . 73
T C 12 .002 .0217 .0012 .0015 .0013 .0585 .0261 . 0059 . 0 0 5 6 .0014 .0059 .009 .2152 94.15 2.33
T C 13 .006 .0501 . 0000 . 0 0 6 3 .0013 .0292 .0373 .0082 .1675 .0019 .1193 .009 .1284 100.29 .92
T C 14 .011 . 0734 .0450 .0693 .0013 .0585 • 0261 .0082 .1675 .0014 .0591 • 008 .0914 97.30 .55
T C 15 .002 .0517 . 0006 . 0 0 4 5 .0013 .0585 .0261 . 0059 . 0 7 3 2 .0003 .0355 .005 .0513 9 6 . 30 1.33
T C 16 .002 • 0167 . 0000 . 0022 .0013 .0585 • 0261 . 0024 . 0 7 8 2 .0042 .0328 .012 .0379 95.03 1.86
T C 17 .002 . 0.367 . 0000 . 0 0 3 0 .0013 .0585 .0261 . 0024 . 0 2 2 3 .0006 .1193 .007 .0465 9 9 . 19 .79
T C 18 .002 .2503 . 0000 . 0 0 3 0 .0013 .0535 .0261 .0324 .1675 .0014 •0828 .006 .0487 100.13 .37
T C 19 .0 02 .0901 . 0006 . 0 0 5 2 .0013 .0292 .0373 .0059 .1675 .0014 .0591 .007 .0600 97.16 .70
T C 20 .006 .1001 . 0000 . 0 1 9 4 .0013 .0433 .0261 . 0024 . 1 6 7 5 .0014 .0591 .002 .0430 99.80 1.81
.003 .1335 . 0000 . 0 0 4 5 .0013 .0433 .0373 . 0059 . 1 6 7 5 . 0028 .0828 .005 .0978 96.44 1.01
T C 21
T C 22 .001 .3504 . 0000 . 0 0 3 7 .0013 .0438 .0261 .0024 .1116 . 0042 .0591 .014 .1155 98.31 1.23
T C 24 .006 .0033 .0006 .0127 • 0013 .0292 .0373 . 0024 . 3 3 4 9 .0014 .1183 .011 .0930 96.25 . 86
T C 25 .001 • 0033 .0006 .0127 .0013 .0205 .0261 • 0118 . 1 1 1 6 .0019 .0828 .007 .0783 98.33 1.17
T C 26 • 002 .0037 .0000 .0067 • 0013 .0292 .0261 .0176 .1675 . 002 8 .1133 .011 .0980 1 0 1 . 34 .67
T C 27 .004 .0131 . 0012 . 0 0 4 5 .0013 .0292 .0261 .0059 .1116 .0014 .0591 .009 .0338 100.17 .88
T C 23 .002 .0367 .0162 .0022 .0013 .0292 .0261 . 0059 . 0 0 5 6 .0019 .0059 .003 .1696 96.00 3.11
T C 29 • 002 .5172 . 00 06 . 0 0 3 7 .0013 .0205 .0261 • 0 0 5 9 ♦1 1 1 6 .0019 .0828 .004 .0423 100.10 .90
T C 30 .005 .3003 . 0006 . 0 0 4 5 .0013 .0438 .0373 . 0024 . 1 1 1 6 .0014 .0591 .004 .0691 95.50 1.43
T C 31 .004 .0234 . 0000 . 0 0 5 2 .0013 .0292 .0112 .0118 .1116 .0014 .0828 .007 .0528 97.79 1 . 13
T C 32 .002 .0234 .0000 .0037 .0013 .0292 .0373 .0059 .1116 .0014 .0828 .006 .0678 95.97 .51
T C 33 .005 .1435 . 0000. .0022 .0013 .0292 • 0261 .0059 .1116 • 0019 .0828 .006 .0739 96.16 .70
T C 34 .002 •2669 . 0006 . 0 0 3 0 .0013 .0292 .0261 . 0059 . 0 7 8 2 • 0014 .0355 • 005 .0644 97.96 .46
oo
T able A -2 0 . A n aly tical d a ta , in c a tio n p e rc e n t, of g ran o d io rite from the
Thompson C reek d e p o sit
NO S I 02 A L 20 3 K 20 NA 2 0 CAO FEO MGO MNO T I 02 H2 0 CU SULFU F E 203

TC 1 6 4 . 1 4 17*3 7 6 . 4 9 4.91 .99 .53 .37 .01 .12 4.71 .01 .05 .35
TC 2 64.42 17.49 6.62 5.00 1.44 .54 .31 .01 .12 3.69 .00 .01 .36
TC 3 65.15 15.99 7.25 5.43 1.05 1.58 .26 .02 .12 2.44 .01 .05 .71
TC 4 64.59 17.32 8 . 11 3.76 1.01 .52 .28 .01 .08 3.80 .00 2.08 0.00
TC 5 65.24 16.40 9.62 .41 .06 .00 .45 .01 .12 6.69 .00 .01 1.01
TC 6 62.66 16.20 7.73 2.41 .76 1.88 1.27 .01 .12 6.34 .00 .01 0.00
TC 7 63.49 17.02 3.82 6.25 2.35 1.58 1.05 .05 .17 4.22 .00 .00 0.00
TC 6 69.15 17.95 3.03 7.02 2.15 2.22 1.33 .10 .17 5.69 .03 .01 0.03
TC 9 64.04 16.30 5.00 5.19 1.19 1.65 .85 .02 .11 5.64 .00 .01 0.00
T C 10 63.61 16.53 3.89 5.47 1.57 1.88 .99 .05 .22 5.80 .00 .00 0.00
T C 11 64.57 15.35 3.55 6.04 2.22 2.09 1.10 .07 .17 4.35 .00 .00 0.00
T C 12 66.57 12.14 4.33 . 10 .08 3.84 .74 .02 .12 8.22 .00 15.36 0.03
T C 13 66.05 15.16 6.13 4.74 1.50 1.76 .90 .00 .23 3.52 .00 .03 0.00
T C 14 67.65 16.77 7.95 1.67 .20 1.52 .37 .02 .12 3.47 .01 .99 0.00
T C 15 65.77 15.27 6.83 3.87 .60 1.89 .46 .02 .03 4.96 .00 .94 0.00
T C 16 69.68 14.06 4.41 5.00 .99 1.44 .31 .02 .08 4.02 .00 .01 0.00
T C 17 75.14 10.80 5.99 3.23 .63 1.23 .38 .02 • 06 1 . 5 3 .00 .01 0.00
T C 18 73.40 12.28 6.31 3 . 17 .70 1.31 .42 .02 ..06 2.33 .00 .01 0.03
TCI9 70.62 13.25 4.64 4.19 1.30 1.52 ' .75 .02 .12 3.57 .00 .01 0.00
T C 20 69.72 12.32 5.02 1.85 .30 2.44 .45 .03 .08 5.34 .00 9.77 0.00
T C 21 72.74 11.96 4.12 3.51 1.24 1.75 .71 .02 .12 3.59 .00 .98 0.00
T C 22 62.16 17.39 2.83 8.94 .26 1.04 • 46 .01 .08 6.84 .00 .00 0.00
T C 24 70.44 12.94 6.39 3.03 1.38 2.19 .55 .03 .12 2.68 .00 1.00 0.00
4.68 1.48 2.70 .97 .07 .34 6.99 .00 .00 0.03
T C 25 63.88 15.17 3.72
3.30 5.61 2.01 1.83 .99 .05 .34 4.00 .00 .01 0.00
T C 26 66.92 14.95
TC27 67.12 14.80 4.33 4.69 1.13 1.64 .80 .03 .11 4.78 .00 .02 0.00
T C 28 64.84 15.28 5.06 .21 .08 1.53 .59 .03 .11 10.72 .00 6.14 0.00
5.34 4.54 1.21 1.36 .63 .03 .11 3.67 .00 .01 .24
TC 29 68.40 14.47
T C 30 6 6 . 6 7 1 5 . CO 5.68 4.21 1.07 1.51 .68 .03 .12 4.29 .00 1.93 .25
TC 31 66.62 14.89 4.85 4.85 1.53 1.76 .87 • 05 .12 3.98 .00 .02 .48
6.64 4.77 1.11 .84 .43 .02 .12 1.91 .00 1.94 0.00
T C 32 68.92 14.76
6.12 3.81 .95 .92 • 38 .03 .12 2.00 .00 .02 .25
T C 33 72.65 12.77
T C 34 72.42 12.97 6.01 4.24 1.04 • 78 .50 .02 .12 1.65 .00 .01 .25
219
T able A -2 1 . A n a ly tica l d a ta , in p e rc e n t by w e ig h t, of q u artz d io rite from
the S ie rrita mine
K2 0 NA 2 0 CAO FEO MGO MNO T I 02 SUIFU FE203 C 02

NO DENS S T 0 2 AL203
S 4 2.80 57.00 17.20 2.41 3.64 4.76 6.58 3.65 • 06 .67 1.38 1.38 9.00
55.00 18.90 8.91 2.16 2.38 2.19 3.32 .04 1.17 .94 0.00 0.00
S 4 2.59
53.00 16.63 2.29 3.37 5.04 4.57 3.65 .06 .67 1.47 4.14 0.00
S 5 2.84
55.00 16.06 2.65 3.64 4.48 5.97 3.65 .06 .67 4.37 1.03 0.00
S 8 2.85
S 9 2.67 60 .0 0 15.31 2.41 3.51 2.80 5.79 2.65 .06 .67 1.54 0.80 0.00
5 10 3.02 52.00 16.63 2.17 3.37 6.58 7.08 3.93 .09 .83 6.31 0.00
56.00 17.01 2.89 3.51 5.88 4.57 3.81 • .06 .67 .32 4.14 0.00
511 2.80
56.00 16.63 2.41 3.64 6.02 5.22 3.48 .06 .67 .04 4.14 0.00
5 12 2.85
56.00 16.44 3.01 3.64 4.76 4.55 2.49 .06 .83 .74 2.76 0.03
5 13 2.76
56.00 15.50 2.65 3.51 5.18 4.55 3.65 .09 1.17 .33 2.76 0.00
5 14 2.49
5 15 2.84 56.00 15.50 2.65 3.51 5.32 4.55 3.65 .09 .67 .19 2.76 .22
55.00 15.88 2.41 3.51 6.16 3.93 3.65 ♦0 9 .83 .18 4.14 0.00
5 16 2.78
58.00 15.50 2.41 3.37 4.90 4.83 2.82 .09 .67 .07 3.45 0.00
5 17 2.81
55.00 16.63 2.29 3.64 6.30 6.28 3.98 .09 .67 .07 .34 .60
5 18 2.63
54.00 16.44 2.41 3.51 5.88 5.19 4.31 • 09 .83 .20 2.76 0.00
5 19 2.82
4.10 2.97 3.78 4.99 3.32 .09 .67 1.14 .34 0.00
5 20 2.72 57.00 15.69
220
T able A -2 1 . A n aly tical d a ta , in p e rc e n t by w e ig h t, of q u a rtz d io rite from the S ie rrita mine
C ontinued
NO cgs nos? PBS ZNS NIO CR203 V205 ZR02 BAO BED SR02 CHLOR FLUOR TOTAL H20
.060 • 0012 . 0012 . 0000 . 0025 .0205 .0373 .0082 .07*2 . 0006 .0591 .0 2 3 .0695 99.06 .96
S 4 • 76
. 0012 . 0058 . 0000 . 0013 .0205 .0746 .0235 .1675 .0014 .0355 .0 1 9 .1194 95.86
S 4 .501 1.15
• 0008 . 0 000 .0000 • 0038 . 0205 .0373 .0082 .0732 .0014 . 0591 . 0 1 3 . 2 2 6 5 95.73
S 5 • 6 01
.0012 .0023 . 0000 . 0025 .0438 .0373 .0118 .0732 .0019 .0591 .0 1 2 .1363 93.12 1.73
S 8 .150
.301 • 0012 . 0035 .0000 . 0025 • 0433 .0373 .0176 .0782 .0019 .0355 .007 .1361 9 5 . 30 2 . 3 6
S 9 • 70
• 451 .0012 .0012 .0000 • 0038 .0292 .0559 .0118 .0782 .0014 .0591 .033 .1204 100.14
SiO 99.31 • 72
Sll ♦ 075 .0017 .0012 . 0000 . 0038 .0292 .0559 .0176 .1116 . 0014 . 0823 .022 .3777
.0012 .0000 . 0038 .0205 .0373 .0113 .0782 ♦ 0 00 6 .0591 .0 2 1 .0840 98.66 .9 4
S12 .060 e 0012
S13 • 301 • 0033 .0012 . 0000 .0025 .0205 .0373 .0235 .1116 . 0 008 .0591 .0 1 1 .0988 95.85 . 73
. 0017 ♦ 0023 . 0000 . 0 064 .0585 .0559 .0235 .1116 .0014 .0823 .0 1 7 .0743 9 5 . 37 #51
S14 .090 . 36
515 .090 • 0008 .0023 .0000 . 0038 .0438 .0559 .0113 .1116 . 0008 . 0828 . 0 2 6 . 0 9 0 1 55.58
• 0017 .0012 .0000 .0064 .0438 .0746 .0176 .1116 .0014 .0328 .040 .0717 9 6 . 27 • 90
S16 • 075 9 6 . 67 1.03
.105 . 0067 .0012 . 0000 . 0038 .0205 .0559 .0118 .1116 .0014 .0828 .0 2 9 .1209
sir .03
. 0008 . 0012 . 0000 . 0038 .0205 .0559 .0176 .0782 . 0008 .0591 .022 .1135 96.39
SI 8 .105
5 19 . 0025 . 0000 . 0064 .0438 .0746 .0235 .1116 . 0014 • 0328 .025 .1409 96.21 . 82
• 105 .0012
.0012 .0000 . 0064 .0438 .0559 .0353 .1675 .0014 .0591 .0 2 3 .1445 94.68 1.06
S20 .105 .0012
T able A -2 2 . A n aly tical d a ta , in c a tio n p e r c e n t, of q u a rtz d io rite from th e
S ie rrita mine
NO S I 02 AL203 K2 0 NA 20 CAO FEO MGO MNO T I 02 H20 CU SUtFU F E 203 C 02

S 4 50.03 17.77 2.69 6.19 4.47 4.83 4.77 .05 • 44 5.56 .03 9.05 • 91 0.00
S 4 49.91 20.19 10.30 3.79 2.31 1.66 4.48 .03 .79 4.60 .34 6.37 0 . 00 0.00
S 5 4 9 . 31 18.22 2.71 6.07 5.01 3 . 55 5.05 .05 .47 3.74 .34 10.26 2.39 0.00
S 8 50.15 17.25 3.08 6.43 4.37 4.54 4.95 .05 .46 3.31 . 08 18.52 .71 0.00
S 9 53.72 16.14 2.75 6.07 2.68 4.33 3.54 .05 .45 7.54 • 16 10.32 0.00 0.00
4 6 . 82 17.63 2.49 5.87 6.33 5.32 5.33 .07 .56 3.20 .24 22.30 0.00 .54
S 10
S il 50.59 18.09 3.33 6.13 5.68 3.45 5.13 .05 .45 3.72 .04 2.15 2 . 60 0.00
S 12 50.92 17.80 2.79 6.41 5.85 3.96 4.71 .05 .45 4.12 .03 .27 2.02 0.00
52.56 18.17 3.60 6.61 4.78 3.57 3.47 .05 .59 3.19 .17 5.18 1.94 0.00
S 13
17.23 3.19 6.41 5.23 3.59 5.13 .07 . 83 2.84 .05 2.32 1.95 0.00
S 14 52.69
SIS 53.56 17.45 3.23 6.49 5.44 3.63 5.19 .07 .43 1.79 . 05 1.39 1.93 .29
51.56 17.53 2.88 6.36 6.18 3. 0 8 5.09 .07 .59 3.37 .04 1.29 2.91 0.00
S 16
17.04 2.87 6.09 4.89 3.81 3.92 .07 . .47 4.09 • 06 .49 2.41 0.00
S 17 54.15
S 18 52.60 18.73 2.79 6.74 6.44 5.01 5.66 .07 .48 .19 .06 • 51 • 25 .86
S 19 4 9 . 83 17.86 2.83 6.26 5.80 4.00 5.92 • 07 .59 4.51 . 06 1.41 1 . 91 0.00
S 20 52.93 17.15 4.84 5.33 3.75 3.87 4.58 . 07 .46 4.72 .06 7.93 . 24 0.00
222
APPENDIX B
CHLORINE AND FLUORINE ANALYTICAL METHOD
223
224
An outlin e follow s of the m ethod u s e d for chlorine and fluorine
a n a ly s e s follow ing the te c h n iq u e s o u tlin e d by Ingram (1970) and H aynes
and C lark (1972).
I. L ist of M a te ria ls and C h em icals
Orion M odel 407 io n -s e le c tiv e m eter w ith expanded s c a le pH

m eter.
Orion M odel 94-09 fluoride io n -s e le c tiv e e le c tro d e .
Orion M odel 94-17 ch lo rid e io n -s e le c tiv e e le c tro d e .
Orion M odel 94-16 s ilv e r/s u lfid e io n -s e le c tiv e e le c tro d e .
Orion M odel 90-02 double ju n ctio n re fe ren c e e le c tro d e .
Orion M odel 90-01 sin g le ju n c tio n re fe re n c e e le c tr o d e .
A utom atic b u r e tte .
F ilte r p ap er and fu n n els or vacuum filtra to r.
50-m l Ni c ru c ib le s or plantinum c ru c ib le s .
Orion 10% volume c o rre cte d G ra n 's p lo t p a p e r.
Sodium c h lo rid e , a n a ly tic a l g ra d e . > . .
Sodium flu o rid e , a n a ly tic a l g ra d e .
S ilv er n i tr a te , a n a ly tic a l g ra d e .
P o tassiu m n i tr a te , a n a ly tic a l g ra d e .
Sodium c i t r a t e , a n a ly tic a l g ra d e .
Flux: re a g e n t grade anhydrous sodium c a rb o n a te .
100-m l volum etric f l a s k s .
pH p a p e r.
225
II. P reparation of Sam ples
W eigh 0 .2 5 g of sam ple ground to m inus 200 m esh and m ix w ith

3 .0 g of anhydrous N a 2COs in a N i c ru c ib le .
H eat a t 900°C for 30 m in u te s.
C ool; add 20 to 30 ml d o u b le -d is tille d w a te r.
After 3 to 4 h o u rs , add 5 ml of 30% H 2O2; a fte r one more h o u r,

b o il off the e x c e s s H2O2 « c o o l, and f ilte r .
Add 6 ml of 35% HNO3; sh ak e the fla s k w ith g re a t care to e x

pel m ost of the CO2 , w hich is a b u n d a n t, prim arily in the
flu x .
Add 5 ml of 1 M KNO3 so lu tio n ; d ilu te to 100 m l.
C heck and a d ju s t pH to b etw een 6 and 7 before m aking any

m e a su re m e n ts.
I l l . M easurem ents
1. C hlorine
If the chlorine c o n c e n tra tio n is le s s th an 5 u g /m l, titra tio n
is req u ired ; if Cl c o n c e n tra tio n is more th an 5 u g /m l, follow
the in stru c tio n s of H aynes and C lark (1972). For the titr a tio n ,
firs t c h ec k th e Ag e le ctro d e d a ta slo p e by u sin g a 1 ml e q u iv a
le n t to 1000 îg C l/m l AgNOs so lu tio n and a 1 ml e q u iv a le n t to
100 pg C l/m l AgNC3 so lu tio n , follow ing th e m a n u fa c tu re r's
m a n u a l. The u se of th e G ran’s p lo t p a p er re q u ire s a slo p e of
58 mV for a tem p eratu re o f 2 0 °C . The titra tio n is done a s fo l
lo w s. Add 3 ml o f the 1 ml e q u iv a le n t to 100 pg C l/m l AgNOg
and record the p o te n tia l; th e n add up to 10 ml o f AgNOg s o lu
tio n , in in crem en ts of 0 .5 m l, e ac h tim e reco rd in g the p o te n tia l
on the v e rtic a l a x is of th e G ra n 's p lo t p a p e r. Draw a lin e

226
through the la s t 4 to 7 p o in ts and e x tra p o la te to in te r s e c t th e
h o rizo n tal lin e a t the c o n c e n tra tio n of th e s a m p le .
Before sta rtin g any m easu rem en ts of unknown s o lu tio n ,
titra te a w a te r b lan k in w hich 2 drops of a one m olar KNO3
so lu tio n h ave b een a d d e d . The corresponding lin e in the G ra n 's
p lo t w ill in te rs e c t the h o rizo n tal a x is a t the new o rig in . Then
titra te a 1 pg C l/m l sta n d a rd by th e sam e p ro c e d u re , adding 2
drops of the KNO3 s o lu tio n . This tim e , the s tra ig h t lin e should
in te rs e c t the h o riz o n ta l a x is a t 1 ml from the o rig in . If a fte r
adding the firs t 3 ml of th e 1 ml e q u iv a le n t to 100 pg C l/m l
AgNO3 s o lu tio n , th e read in g of the p o te n tia l is s t i ll l e s s th a n
-1 0 0 mV, d ilu te 10 tim es and m easure a s a b o v e , adding only
up to 9 .5 ml (3 m l / l 0 = 0 .3 ml — 0 .5 m l).
W ith 0 .2 5 g of sa m p le , th e u s e o f a ru le r g rad u a ted in
m illim eters a llo w s d ire c t reading of th e c o n c e n tra tio n in ppm;
for ex am p le, 25 mm is e q u iv a le n t to 250 ppm . T his is b e c a u se
on th is p a p er 1 pg C l/m l is 40 mm long; 1 p g C l/m l g iv e s 100
pg Cl p er 100 ml in w hich 0 .2 5 g of sam ple h a s b e en d ilu te d ;
100 pg C l p e r 25 x 10^ is 400 ppm Cl; 400 ppm is th erefo re
re p re se n te d on the graph by 40 mm.
2. Fluorine
Add to th e sam e so lu tio n 10 ml of th e io n ic a d ju s to r (one
m olar sodium c itr a te —one m olar p o ta ssiu m n itra te s o lu tio n ). As
the F sta n d a rd s are only 100 m l, a c o rre c tio n should be m ade
for the a d d itio n of the 10 ml AgNOs so lu tio n and the 10 ml of

227
io n ic a d ju s to r. For th e m e a su re m e n ts, c a lib ra te the pH m eter
acco rd in g to the m a n u fa c tu re r's m an u al.
If the c o n c e n tra tio n s of the unknow ns are more th an 0 .1
p g /m l, m easurem ent of the b la n k s firs t w ith c a lib ra tio n of the
pH m eter in th e range 0 .1 p g /m l to 1 p g /m l, a s o u tlin e d by
Ingram (1970), av o id s the u s e of tw o e le c tro d e s . C a lib ra tio n
of the m eter in the range 1 jjg /m l to 10 p g /m l p erm its m ea su re
m ent of u n k n o w n s. This procedure is very lik e ly to be ap p ro
p ria te for sa m p le s from m in e ralize d a r e a s .
Stirring so lu tio n s during m easurem ent g re a tly sp e e d s e le c
trode re s p o n s e . Throughout the d e s c rib e d p ro c e d u re , th e C l
b la n k s w ere kept below 0 .0 2 ^ ig /m l, the F b la n k s below 0 .0 3
p g /m l.
IV. P rep aratio n of S tandards
1. C hlorine
S olution A (1000 p g /m l); w eigh 1 .6 4 8 4 6 g of N aC l (pre

v io u sly dried . a t 110OC overnight) and d ilu te to one lite r .
Solution B (100 ytg/ml): ta k e 10 ml of S olution A and d ilu te

to 100 m l.
lOO-uq C l/m l S tandard: tak e 10 ml of Solution A, add 3 g

of anhydrous N a a C O s , 5 ml KNO3 , 6 ml HNO3 , and
d ilu te to 100 m l.
50-ug C l/m l S ta n d ard ; tak e only 5 ml of Solution A and pro

c ee d a s for the 100-ug C l/m l S ta n d a rd .
10-u g C l/m l S ta n d ard : tak e one ml of Solution A or 10 ml of

S olution B and p ro ceed a s a b o v e .
5-ng C l/m l S ta n d a rd : ta k e 5 ml of S olution B.

228
1-u q C l/m l S ta n d ard : tak e 1 ml of Solution B (for titra tio n

o n ly ).
2. S ilv er T itration
1 ml e q u iv a le n t to 1 mg C l/m l AqNCh s o lu tio n : w eigh

5.58321 g o f AgNOg c r y s t a l s , d ilu te to one lite r; store
in a dark c o n ta in e r.
1 ml e q u iv a le n t to 100 uq C l/m l AqNOs s o lu tio n : ta k e 1 ml

of the firs t so lu tio n and d ilu te 10 tim e s; th is se co n d
so lu tio n sho u ld be renew ed re g u la rly .
3. Fluorine S tandards
Solution A (1000 u o /m l): w eigh 2.201 g of NaF and d ilu te

to one lite r; sto re in a p la s tic c o n ta in e r.
Solution B (100 u g /m l): ta k e 10 ml of Solution A and d ilu te

to 100 m l.
100-ug F /m l S tan d ard : tak e 10 ml of S olution A, add 3 g of

N a g C O ], 6 ml of KNO3 , and 10 ml of 1 M sodium c itr a te —
1 M p o tassiu m n itra te so lu tio n ; d ilu te to 100 m l. The r e
su ltin g so lu tio n h a s th e stre n g th req u ired by the m ethod:
0 .1 m olar sodium c itr a te —0 . 1 m olar p o ta ssiu m n itr a te .
50-uo F /m l S ta n d ard : tak e 5 ml of Solution A and add th e

sam e am ount of the d ifferen t c h e m ic a ls .
10-ug F /m l S ta n d ard : tak e 1 ml of S olution A or 10 ml of

S olution B and pro ceed a s a b o v e .
5-u g F /m l S tandard: tak e 5 ml o f Solution B.
1-ug F /m l S tandard: ta k e 1 ml o f B.
T hese sta n d a rd s can be kept for s e v e ra l w eek s only in

p la s tic c o n ta in e rs; for low er c o n c e n tra tio n s , make the s ta n
d ard s on the day of the m easu rem en t.
1 M sodium c itr a te —1 M KNO3 so lu tio n : w eigh 294 g of

sodium c itra te and 100 g of KNO3; d ilu te to one lite r .
229
V. R esults
C hlorine a n a ly s e s are p re c is e w ithin 10 p e rc e n t and fluorine
a n a ly s e s are p re c ise w ith in 5 p e rc e n t. The r e s u lts for th e U .S .G .S .
sta n d ard GSP1 can be found in T able 4 . R eplicate a n a ly s e s for 20
sam ples are g iv en in T able B - l .
Table B - l . C hlorine and fluorine v a lu e s , in ppm
Sample F Sam ple F Sam ple Cl Sam ple Cl
S I 600 S 11 785 S 6 260 S 33 98

609 770 231 97
610
649 S 12 833 S 7 122 S 36 30
847 140 40
S 2 485
488 S 13 991 S 9 68 S 43 144
985 75 135
S 3 902
946 S 14 745 S 11 208 M 21 40
752 227 35
S 4 681
715 S 15 793 S 18 200 M 22 160
809 230 150
S 4' 1189
1198 S 27 435 S 19 260 M 26 120
438 245 110
S 5 2281
2250 S 29 1630 S 24 157 M 33 202
1704 197 180
S 6 1085
1188 MP 7 4572 S 25 161 M 35 190
4501 152 155
S 7 624
643 TC 22 1159 S 27 68
1151 80
S 8 1881
1842 S 28 105
130
S 9 1357
1365 S 30 64
55
S 10 1154
1254
APPENDIX C
COMPUTER PROGRAMS
230
231
PROGRAM A L T C R d t l P U T , O UT P UT , PUNCMt T AP E 1=INPUT, TAPE 2 = 0 U T P U T , T APE

1 3 = PUNCH)
o o o o o
T H I S PROGRAM WAS WRI T T E N BY ROGER R . L A I N E DU R I NG THE YEARS 1 = 7 2 THROUGH 1 9 7 4 .

I T WAS DONE IN C O N J U N C T I O N WI TH I T S RE SEARCH AT THE U N I V E R S I T Y OF AR I Z ONA AT
TUCSON
I NT E GER N , R p ( 5 0 > , M1 ( ? ) , R ( 2 ) , R O C K ( 2 ) , T Y R E ( 2 ) , B , C V ( 2 ) , C ( 4 ) , 1 0 ( 3 1 )
REAL UNO ( 5 0 ,.‘1 5 0 ( 5 0 , N A 2 O ( 5 0 ) , 1 ( 2 0 ( 5 0 ) . L O S S I G . M A G C S O ) , 0 1 ( 5 0 ) , H U S ,
IKAOUGO) ,SOMALT(50)
DI ME NS I ON S I 0 2 ( 5 0 ) , T I 0 2 ( 5 0 ) , A L 2 0 3 ( 5 0 ) , F E O ( 5 0 ) , C A O ( 5 0 » , P 2 O 5 ( 5 0 1 ,
1 1 0 S 3 I G ( 5 ( J > , S U y. ( 5 0 ) , H E H ( 5 0 ) , P Y ( 5 G ) , OR ( 5 0 , 0 ( 5 0 ) ,
3 MU S ( 5 0 ) , B I ( 5 0 ) , C P Y ( 5 0 ) , C C ( 5 0 ) , C A L ( 5 0 ) , C 0 2 ( 5 0 ) , C U ( 5 0 ) . T O T A L ( 5 0 ) ,
4 5 0 3 ( 5 0 ) , P 2 0 ( 5 0) , 0 1 ( 2 ) , ' 12 ( 5 0 ) , R E 2 0 3 ( 5 0 ) , A L U N ( 5 0 ) , 0 ( 3 1 , 5 0 ) , S ( 5 0 > , N F (
5 2 ) , S U H A ( 5 fl ) , NA( 5 0 ) , AM( 2 3 , 4 ) , A ( 5 0 ) , E L E ME NT ( 7 , 5 0 >
COMMON / W E R M E R / O R . P I . H U S , K A O L , C , C A L , H E M , M A G , F Y , LM, ALUN
COMMON / M E A N / 0 1 , 0 2
COMMON / A L T E R E / M I N E , NAME, R O C K , T Y ° E , N 1 , N 1 0
DATA O R , 0 1 , M U S , K A O L , A L U N / 2 5 0 * 0 . / ,
1 I 0 / 3 H R 0 T , 3 H ° H Y , 3 H A R G , 3 H S I , 3 HAL , 3HK , 3HCA , 3 H N A , 3 H F E , 3HMG
1 , 3 HT I ,3HH , 3 HS , 3 HF E 3 , 3 HMN , 3 H C U , 3 HM0 , 3 H P 3 , 3 H Z N , 3 H N I , 3 HCR
2 ,3HV , 3 H Z R , 3H3A , 3 H 0 E , 3 H S R , 3 H C L , ? H F , 3 H 0 I , 3 H F F , 3HDEN/
C
C T H I S PROGRAM EVALUATES H I N E R A L O G I C C O M P C S I S I T I O N U S I N G B A R T H / S METHOD.
C S U L F U R , F E * 3 , H 2 C , C 0 2 , WERE NOT A V A I L A B L E . I T H E R E F O R E I NTRODUCED I N THE DATA
C CARDS E S T I MAT E D P E RCE NT AGE S OF M A G N E T I T E , H E M A T I T E , C H A L C O P Y R I T E . C H A L C O C I T E ,
C PYRITE, CALCITE.
C
C THE I N P U T I S MADE AS FOLLOWS = F I R S T CARD C ON T A I N S THE NAME OF THE M I N E , SECON
C D CARO THE TOTAL NUMBER OF S A M P L E S , T H I R D CARO THE NUMBER OF S A MP L E S FROM
C THE F I R S T ROCK TYPE WI TH THE D E N S I T Y OF THE F R E S H ROCK F OR THAT ROCK P L U S THE
C SAME I NF ORMAT I ON FOR THE SECOND ROCK, FOURTH CARD THE NAMES OF T HE R O C K S , F I T H
C THE NUMBER OF THE R E S P E C T I V E F R E S H R O C K S . THE DATA CARDS FOR T HE F I R S T ROCK TY
C PE APE PUT I N F I R S T , THEN THOSE FOR THE SECOND R O C K .
C I N P U T AS MANY S E T S OF MI NES AS WANTED
c
790
RE AD( 1 , 5 ) M I N E , N A M E , N I D , I C 1 , I C E , I C O N
I F ( E O F ( 1 ) . K E . 0) GO TO 7 0 9
WRITE( 2 , E56)
WRITE( 2 , 1 5 ) M I N E , N A M E , N I 0 , I C 1 , I C 2
C I F I CON EQUAL 1 NO PUNCH
C I F I C P I S EQUAL TO 1 O X I D E S V S . D I F F E R E N T I A T I O N I ND E X ARE P L OT T E D
C I F I C 1 EQUAL 1 NO DI AGRAM I S P R I N T E D .
C NOFM I S FOR COMPUTATI ON OF AL U N I T E
C NAKCF EQUAL 1 I F A K F , A C F DI AGRAMS C O N V E N T I O N A L ( N O S U B S T R U C T I O N OF S U L F U R )
NOFM=0
READ( 1 , 5 0 ) N , N O F M . N A K C F , ( C ( I ) , 1 = 1 , 4 )
WRITE( 2 , 7 ) M , N O F M , N A K C F , ( C ( I ) , 1 = 1 , 4 )
DO 1 1 0 0 1 = 1 , N
S03( I )=0
1 1 C 0 CONT I NUE
I F ( N . G E . 5 1 ) STOP
C N l ( l ) = NUMBER OF ROCKS FROM THE F I R S T ROCK T Y P E . N 1 ( 2 ) = NUMBER OF ROCK FROM
C SECOND ROCK T Y P E . N F ( 1 ) AND N F ( 2 ) . F R E S H ROCK I D OF F I R S T AND S ECOND ROCK
C T Y P E . D i d ) AND D M ? ) ARE D E N S I T I E S OF F I R S T AND S ECOND ROCK TYPE F R E S H ROCK.
READ ( l , * ) ) N l ( l ) , 0 1 ( 1 ) , N 1 ( 2 ) , 0 1 ( 2 )
W R I T E ( 2 , 9 ) N1 ( 1 1 , 0 1 ( 1 ) , N 1 ( 2 ) , 0 1 ( 2 )
JV=2
IFCMK2) .CC.C) JV = 1
J5=JV
PEftOtl,ifll SOSK(l ) t T Y P E l U , ROCK( 2 ) , TYPE12)
WRI TE ( 2 , 2 0 . ) P O C - C d ) , TYPE ( 1 ) , R 0 C K ( 2 1 , TYPE ( 2 )
P E a n (i,4 io nrci),NF(2)
W R IT E (Z , 4 1 1 ) N F ( 1 ) , N F (2 )
N0FR=1
I F ( N O F l i . C O . l ) N0h"R = 2
GO TO ( 1 4 , 1 ) , NOFR
14 R E A D t ! , 5 1 ) ( I ' l n t l ) , D 2 ( I ) , K 2 0 ( I ) , KA2 0 ( I ) , CAO( I ) , M G O ( I ) , A L 2 0 3 ( I ) ,
I H I J O ( I ) , T I O ? ( I ) , F E 0 ( I ) , S I 0 2 ( I > , P 2 0 5 ( I ) , L0351G( I ) , P Y ( I ) , C P Y ( I ) ,
2CC(I),MAG(I),HEM(I) ,C A L (I),C U (I). ( 0 ( J , I ) , J = 1 Z ,2 8 ) ) ,1=1,10
W R I T E ! 2 , 5 9 4 1 NOFR
GO TO 1 7
1 READ ( 1 , ' 5 1 ) ( t t - ' R ( I ) , 0 2 ( I ) , K 2 0 ( I ) , N A 2 0 ( I > , CAO ( I ) , HGO ( I ) , A L 2 0 3 ( I ) ,
I MHO( I ) , T I 0 2 ( I ) , F E O ( I 1 . 5 1 0 2 ( 1 ) , F 2 0 5 ( I ) , L O S S I G ( I ) , P Y ( I ) , AL UN( I ) ,
2 C C ( I ) , M A G ( I ) , HEM( I ) , C A L ( I ) , C U ( I ) , ( 0 ( J , I ) , J = 1 7 , 2 8 > ) , 1 = 1 , N)
H R I T E ( 2 , 5 5 4 ) NOFR
17 CONTI NUE
00 100 1 = 1 , N
I F ( N A 2 0 ( I ) . L E . A L 2 0 3 ( I ) ) GO TO 1 0 0
W R I TE ( 2, 5R ) NU(I)
S T OP / N O T ENOUGH ALUMI NUM/
1 0 0 CONT I NUE
C THE FOLLOWI NG KE E P S TRACK OF THE P L A C E OF THE F R E S H ROCK NUMBER.
1=0
DO 0 0 1 J = 1 , J V
N=N1( J )
DO ROD L = 1 , N
1=1+1
IF(N 3(I).EO .N F(J)) R(J)=I
9 0 0 CONT I NUE
WRI TE( 2 , 5 0 0 ) R ( J )
5 0 0 F ORMAT( I X , 1 2 )
9 0 1 CONTI NUE
O O eO
AVERAGE VALUES OF MI NOR ELEMENTS
17 = 0
1=0
13=0
DO 8 5 J = 1 , J V
N=N1( J )
IG=1+I7
17=1+16
DO 34 1 5 = 1 , N
13=1+13
-A(I5)=CU(I3)+1.E-4
64 CONTI NUE
CALL A V S T D ( A , N )
AM( 1 1 , J 7 ) = B 2
AM(11,I6)=B1
K=11
DO 8 7 L = 1 7 , 2 8
K=K+1
1=0
233
IF(J.E0.21 I = N 1 ( 1)
DO R5 1 5 = 1 , N
1=1 + 1
A(I51=D(L,Il*l.E-4
8 6 CONTI NUE
- CALL A V S T D ( A , N )
AH(K,16)=01
AH(K,17 1= 02
87 CONTI NUE
8 5 CONTI NUE
ooo
CONVERSI ON OF ELEMENT PERCE NT IN OXI DE P E RCENT
1=0
DO 10 J = 1 , J V
N=N1(J)
DO 3 9 L = 1 , N
1 = 1+1
c u m = c u m + i . e- a
0 (1 7 ,1 1 = 0 (1 7 ,1 1 + 1 6 0 .0 6 /9 5 .9 4 * 1 .E-4
0 ( 1 3 , 1 1= 0 ( 1 0 , 1 1 + 2 3 9 . 2 5 / 2 0 7 . 1 9 + 1 . E - 4
0 ( 1 9 , 1 1 = 0 ( 1 9 , I I * 9 7 . 4 3 / 6 5 . 3 7 * 1 . E-4
0 (2 0 ,Il= n (2 0 ,11*74.71/59.71+1.E-4
0 ( 2 1 , 1 1 = 0 ( 2 1 , 1 1 * 1 5 2 . 0 / 5 2 . 0 * 1 . E-4
0 ( 2 2 , I 1 = 0 ( 2 2 ,1 1 * 1 9 9 .8 3 /5 0 .9 4 * 1 .E-4
0 ( 2 3 , I I = 0 ( 2 3 ,1 1 * 1 0 7 .2 2 /9 1 .2 2 * 1 .E-4
0 ( 2 4 , 11=0(?«*, II + 1 5 3 . 3 4 / 1 3 7 . 3 4 * 1 . E-4
0(25,11 = 0 ( 2 5 , 1 1 * 2 5 . 0 1 / 9 . 0 1 * 1 . E-4
0 ( 2 6 , I I = 0 ( 2 6 ,I 1 + 1 0 3 .6 2 /6 7 .6 2 * 1 .E-4
0 ( 2 7 ,1 1 = 0 ( 2 7 ,1 1 * 1 .E-4
0 ( 2 9 , 1 1 = 0 ( 2 8 , 1 1 * 1 . E-4
S I 0 2 ( 1 1= S I 0 2 ( 1 1
AL203(II=AL203(II / 5 3 . 96*101.93
UNO(I)=MNO( 1 1 / 5 4 . 9 4 * 7 0 . 9 4
T I0 2 (II=1102(11/49.*80.
KGO(II=MGO(1 1 / 2 4 . 3 1 * 4 0 . 3 1
CAO(II=CAO(I1/40.08*56.08
NA20(Il = NA20(11 / 4 5 .9 8 * 6 1 . 9 9
K20(I)=K20(11/78.2*94.2
P 2 0 5 ( I l= F 2 0 5 ( I l/6 2 .0*142.
L 0 S S IG (I1= L 0S S IG (I1 -0 (2 7 , II
C AL UNI TC= 1 / 2 K 2 0 , 3 * 1 / 2 A L 2 0 3 . 2 * 5 0 3 , 6 * 1 / 2 H 2 C . TOTAL = 1 2 CATIONS.
I F ( K 2 0 ( I I . L T . A L U N ( 1 1 / 4 1 4 . 0 7 * 9 4 . 2 / 2 . 1 ALUN(11 = K 2 0 ( 1 1 * 2 * 4 1 4 . 0 7 / 9 4 . 2
I F ( AL203 ( I I . L T . A L U N ( 1 1 / 4 1 4 . 0 7 * 1 0 1 . 9 8 * 3 / 2 1 ALUN( 1 1 = A L 2 0 3 ( 1 1/ 1 0 1 . 9 9 *
12/3*414.07
IF (LOSSIG(II.LT.ALUN(1 1 /4 1 4 . 07* (8 0 * 2 + 1 8 * 3 )) ALUN(II=LOSSIG( I ) / ( 8 0 *
12+18*31*414.07
S03(II=ALUN(I1/414.07*80*2
LOSSIG( I ) = L 0351G( 1 1 - 5 0 3 ( 1 )
I F ( C A O ( I ) . G E . C A L ( I ) I GO TO 4 0
CAL(I)=CAO ( 1 1 / 5 6 . 0 6 * 1 0 0 . 0 9
40 C 0 2 ( I ) = C A L ( 1 1 / 1 0 0 . 0 8 * 4 4 .
I F C L O S S I G ( I ) . L T . C O 2 ( 1 ) 1 GO TO 6 5 0
LOSSIG(I)=L0SSIG(I)-C02(I)
GO TO 6 5 1
650 ( <2 0( 11 =0.
C 0 2 ( 1 1=LOSSIG( 11
lossicci)=0.
651 I F ( P R 0 5 ( I > * 3 . . G T . 5 . * C A O t m P205 ( I) =5. «CA0 C D / 3 .
o o
EVALUATION CF COPPER FROM KNOWN MINERALS

COP=0.
C0 =0 .
MIN=10HNEH CORNEL
I F l M I N F . E O . M i m GO TO 3 0 3
CPYC1 ) = C P Y ( I ) / 1 8 3 . 5 * 6 3 . 6
CC(II=CC( 1 1 / 1 5 9 . 1 5 * 2 . * 6 3 . 6
GO TO 3 0 A
303 CP Y ( I ! = ( CP Y d l + C C ( 1 ) 1 / 1 6 3 . 5 * 6 3 . 6
CC(I)=C
30' . CONTINUE
CO=CPY(I)«CCm
I F ( C U m . GE. CO) GO TO 30
cop=co-cum
I F ( C C ( I ) . L E . C O P ) GO TO 31
cc<i)=ccm -cop
GO TO 32
31 CPY ( I )=CPY ( I ) - ( C O P - C C d l )
CC(I)=0.
GO TO 3 2
30 C P Y ( I I = C P Y ( m ( CUCI ) - CO)
32 C P Y d ) = C P Y d ) / 6 3 . 6 * 1 6 3 . 5
CC(I)=CC ( I J / 6 3 . 6 / 2 . * 1 5 9 . 1 5
o o
EVALUATION lOTAL IRON FROM KNOWN MINERALS

PY ( I ) = PY ( D / 1 2 0 . * 5 5 . 65
CPYd)=CPY( 1 1 / 1 6 3 . 5 * 5 5 . 8 5
MAGd) = U A G m / 2 3 2 . * 3 . * 5 5 . 8 5
HEM( 1 1 = H E M ( I ) / 1 6 0 . * 2 . * 5 5 . 8 5
F = F E O d ) - ( P Y d ) + C P Y d ) ♦ M A G d ) ♦HEM(II)
I F ( F . G E . 0 . ) GO TO 33
F=- F
I F ( H E M d l . G E . F ) GO TO 3 4
F=F-HEMd)
HEM( I 1 = 0 •
I F t M A G d l . G E . F l GO TO 35
F=F- MAG( I >
MAG( 1 1 = 0 .
I F ( P Y ( 1 1 . G E . F i GO TO 36
F=F-PY(I>
P Y( 1 1=0.
. GO TO 3 3
34 H E M d l = H E M ( I ) - F
F=0 •
GO TO 33
35 MAG( I 1=MAG( I 1- F
F=0.
GO TO 33
36 P Y ( 1 1= P Y ( 1 1- F
F=0.
33 FEO ( I ) = ( F^PY ( I I + CP Y d ) ♦MAG ( 1 1 / 3 . 1 / 5 5 . 8 5 * 7 1 . 6 5
F E Z O T d l = (HEM ( I I ♦ 2 . * M A G d ) / 3 . 1 / 5 5 . 8 5 * 1 6 0 .
HEM{ I ) = 0 .
MAG( 1 1 = 0 .
PY(I)=PY(11/05.85*120.
CPY( I ) = C P Y ( I I / 5 5 . 8 5 * 1 8 3 . 5
0 ( 1 5 ,1 ) =CU(I1/63.6*95.6
S m = (P Y (I)/1 1 9 .8 5 + C O Y (I)/1 8 3 .t« 5 l * 6 4 . » C C ( I ) / 1 5 9 . 15*32
H20(I)=L05SIG(I)
TOTAL( I ) = 5 1 0 2 ( I ) «- AL203( I ) ♦ K ? 0 ( I I tCAO ( I ) *NA20 ( 11 *FE0 ( II » F E2 0 3 ( I I *MG
1 0 ( T ) t H N O ( I ) * T I O ? ( I ) * C U ( I ) f C 0 2 ( I ) + 5 ( 1 1 + 5 0 3 ( I ) + P 2 0 5 (I I + 0 ( 1 7 , 1 1 + 0 (18,
2 1 ) + 0 ( 1 9 , 1 1 + 0 ( 2 0 , 1 1 + 0 ( 2 1 , 1 1 + 0 ( 2 2 , 1 1 +0 ( 2 3 , I I + 0 ( 2 4 , 1 1 + 0 ( 2 5 , 1 ) + 0 ( 2 6 , I )
3 +0 ( 2 7 , 1 1 + 0 ( 2 8 , 1)
I F ( C C ( I I . E C . C . I GO TO 4 7
CC ( 11 = C P Y ( 1 1 / C C ( I I
4 7 CONTI NUE
3 9 CONTI NUE
10 CONTI NUE
I F ( N 1 ( 2 I . E O . O ) W 9 I T E ( 2 , 7 1 6 ) R O C K ( 1 ) , TYf >E( 1 ) , M I N E , NAME
I F ( N1 ( 2 ) . I,'E. 01 WRI TE ( 2 , 8 5 2 1 ( R O C K ( I ) , TYPE( I ) , 1 = 1 , 2 1 . M I N E , N A M E
1=0
DO 7 1 5 J = 1 , J S
N=N1( J l
00 717 L=1,N
1=1 + 1
WRITE( 2 , 8 5 3 1 N I D , NO( I ) , 0 2 ( 1 1 , 5 1 0 2 ( 1 1 , A L 2 0 3 ( I I , K 2 0 ( I ) , K A 2 0 ( 1 1 , CAO(
II),F E O (I),M G O (I), MNO(I),TI0 2 ( I ) , 5 ( 1 ) , FE203(I ) , C02( I ) , 5 0 3 ( 1 ) ,P 2 0 5 (I
2)
7 1 7 CONTI NUE
WRITE(2,716)
7 1 5 CONT I NUE
I F ( N 1 ( 2 ) . E O . 0 ) W R I T E ( 2 , 7 2 6 ) R O C K ( 1 ) , T Y P E ( 1 ) , M I N E , NAME
I F (111 ( 2 1 . N E . O ) W R I T E ( 2 , 8 5 4 ) ( R O C K ( I ) , T Y P E ( I ) , 1 = 1 , 2 ) , M I N E , N A M E
1=0
00 7 2 5 J = 1 , J S
N=N1(J)
DO 7 2 7 L = 1 , N
1=1 + 1
WRITE( 2 , 8 5 5 ) N I C , N B ( I ) , ( 0 ( K, I ) , K = 1 6 , 2 8 ) , TOTAL( I ) , H 2 0 ( I I
727 C ONT I NUE
WRI TE ( 2 , 7 1 0
7 2 5 CONT I NUE
o o o
•AVERAGE MAJOR ELEMENTS
L2=0
DO 1 0 5 J = l , J V
L1=L 2+1
L2=L1+1
N5=0
I F ( J . E Q . 2) U 5 = N 1 ( 1 )
N2=N1(J)
N=N5
00 110 1 =1 , N2
N=N + 1
A ( I ) = 5 1 0 2 ( N)
110 CONTI NUE
CALL A V S T D ( A , N 2 )
A M d . L l ) =01
A M ( 1 , L 2 ) =02
N=H5
236
DO 1 1 1 1 = 1 , H2
H=IH1
A(I1=6L2C3(N)
111 CONTI NUE
CALL A V S T D ( A , N 2 )
AH ( 2 , L 1 ) =111
AHC2,L2)=B2
N = N9
DO 1 1 2 1 = 1 , N2
K’= H ♦ 1
A{I ) = K2 0( N)
112 CONTI NUE
CALL A V S T 0 ( A , N 2 )
AH(3,Ll)=ni
A M ( 3 , L 2 ) =32
N=N5
DO 1 1 4 1 = 1 , N2
M=rni
A ( I ) =CAO( N)
114 CONTI NUE
CALL A V S T D t A , N 2 )
A H ( 4 , L 1 ) =01
AM( 4 , L 2 ) = 0 2
N=N5 '
0 0 1 1 3 1 = 1, 112
N=N + 1
A d ) =UA2C( N)
113 CONTI NUE
CALL A V S T O ( A, N2)
AM( 5 , L I ) = 0 1
A H ( 5 , L 2 ) =02
N=N5
DO 1 1 5 L = 1 , H 2
N=N + 1
ACI)=FEO(N)
110 CONTI NUE
CALL A V S T O ( A , N 2 I
A M t G . L l ) =01
AM ( 6 , L 2 ) = 0 2
AM t f>, L 2 1 = 0 2
11= N5
DO 1 1 6 L = 1 , N 2
N=N + 1
A(I)=MGO(N)
116 CONTI NUE
CALL AVSTO ( A , N 2 )
AMI 7 , L I ) = 0 1
AM( 7 , L 2 ) = 3 2
N=N5
DO 1 1 8 L = 1 , N 2
N=N + 1
A(I)=TI02(N)
118 CONTI NUE
CALL A V S T D C A , N 2 )
AM( 8 , L 1 ) = 0 1
AM I 8 , L 2 ) = 0 2
11=N5
DO 1 1 7 L = 1 , N 2
N=HH
A ( 1 1 = H H0 ( N )
117 CONTINUE
CALL A V S I O ( A , N 2 J
AH n . L l ) =U1
A H ( 0 , L 2 ) =92
N = H9
DO 1 1 9 L = 1 , N 2
H=NU
A(I)=FL203(N)
1 1 9 CONTI NUE
CALL AV S T O C A , N 2 )
AM(10,L1)=Q1
AH(10,L2)=32
1 0 5 CONTI NUE
L2=0
DO 4 2 K = l , J V
L1=L2+1
L2=L1+1
WRI TE( 2 , 4 4 I ( I D ( J ) , J = 4 , l l ) , ( I D ( J ) , J = 1 4 , 1 5 )
W R I T E ( 2 , 4 ) ( M I N E , N A M E , ( AM( J , I ) , J = 1 , 1 0 ) , I = L 1 , L 2 )
WRITEC2,45>(IDTJ) , J= 1 6 ,2 5 )
W R I T E ( 2 , 3 ) { M I N E , N A M E , ( AM( J , I ) , J = l l , 2 3 ) , I = L 1 , L 2 >
4 2 CONTI NUE
N=N1( 1 ) + N 1 (2)
1=0
DO 6 5 1 L=1, N
1 =1+1
o o o
FORMATI ON OF THE C A T I O N S
5102(11= 5102(1) M 0 00./f>0.

AL203(I)=AL203(I)*100D./50.96
TI02(I)=TI02(I)*1000./80.
FEOII)=FEO(I)*1000./71.65
MHO(I)=MNO<I)*1000./70.94
MGOd ) = M G D ( I ) * 1 0 0 0 . / 4 n . 3 1
CAO(I)=CAO(I)*1000. / 5 6 . 0 a
N A 20(I)=N A 20(I)+1000./30.995
K 20(I)=K 20(I)*1000.747.1
FE203(I)=FE203tl)*1000/30.
H2D(I)=H20(I)*1COO.Z9.
C02(I)=C02(I)/44.*1000
S(I)=S(I)/32.*1000.
C U (I)=C U (I)/63.60*1000.
P205(I)=F205(I)*1300./71.
S 0 3 ( I ) = S 0 3 ( I )*10 9 0 / S O •
S U M ( I ) = S 1 0 2 ( 1 ) +AL2 0 3 ( 1 ) + T I O ? ( I ) + F E 0 ( I ) + M N O ( I ) + M G O ( I ) + C A 0 ( I ) +
1NA20(I)+K20(I)+CU(I) + H 20(I)+S (I)+F E 203(I) +C02( I ) +S03(I ) +P205(I)
S I 0 2 ( I ) = S I 0 2 ( I ) * 1 0 0 . / S U M ( I)
T I 0 2 I I ) = T I 0 2 ( H *10 0 / S U M ( I )
A L 203(I)=A L203(I)» 100/SUM(I)
FEO(I)=FEO(I)*100/SUM(I)
HNO(I)=MNO(H *100/SUM(I)
MGO( I ) =MGO( I ) * 1 0 0 / S U M ( I )
CAO(I)=CAO(I)*100/SUM(I)
238
n A ? o ( n =N A 2 o m » i o o / s u M ( i )
K2 o m = K 2 o m * i o o / s u H t n
H20CI1rH?0(Tl*tCOZSUH(II
F E 2 0 3 ( I ) =r F. 203t J ) ’ 1 C 0 / S U M( H
C0 2 CI »=CQ 2 < I ) * 1 00 / S U M ( n
c u ( i ) = c u m « iQozs'jH.m
S ( I ) = S ( I I * 1 0 0 ZSUM(II
so3m =so3(ii ♦loozsusm
P 2 0 5 ( I ) = F 2 C S 11 ) * 1 0 O/ SUM( I )
S U ! 1 A m = S I 0 2 ( I l t 6 L 2 0 3 ( I H T I 0 2 < n + F E 0 ( I ) * H N 0 ( I ) <HGO ( I ) <-CAO ( I ) t S 0 3 ( I
U t H 6 2 0 ( I ) » K 2 0 ( I ) + P 2 0 5 ( I ) + C U ( I ) + H 2 0 ( I ) + S ( I ) ♦ F E 2 0 3 ( I ) 4-C02 C l )
8 5 1 CONTI NUE
W R I T E ( 2 , 3 8 0 l M I N E , N A M E , ( CR O C K ( I ) , T Y P E ( 1 ) 1 , 1 = 1 , 2 ) , ( < N B <I ) , S U M ( I ) ,
1SUMA( 1 1 ) , I = 1 ,N)
N = N 1 ( 1 ) + N 1 (2)
WRITE( 2 , 8 5 6 )
C
CALL AL T NORMC N 3 , S I 0 2 , A L 2 O 3 , K 2 O, H A2 O , C A O , F E C , MG O , F E 2 0 3 , T I 0 2 , MN O , S , H
120,S03,P205,C02,CC,CPY,CU,N)
C
I F ( N 1 ( 2 ) . E O . 0) WRI TE( 2 , 7 5 1 ) ROCK( 1 ) , T Y P E ( l ) , MINE,NAME
I F I N K 2 ) . N E . 01 WRI TE( 2 , 5 0 2 ) CROCK I I ) , T Y P E t l ) , 1 = 1 , 2 ) , MINE,NAME
1=0
DO 7 5 5 J = 1 , J S
N=N1(J)
DO 75 2 L = 1 , N
1=1 + 1
WRITE( 2 , 5 0 3 ) NI O, NO( I ) , S I 0 2 ( I ) , AL2 0 3 C I ) , K20 11) ,HA2 0 C I ) , C A O ( I ) , F E O
1 ( 1 ) , MGO( I ) , MNO( I ) , T I 0 2 ( I ) «H2 0 ( I ) , C U ( I ) , S ( I ) , FE2 0 3 CI ) , C0 2 C I ) , S 0 3 CD
2,P205( I )
7 5 2 CONTINUE
WRITEC2 , 7 1 8 )
75 5 CONTINUE
DO 1000 1= 1 , N
I F ( MAG( I ) . L T , 0) STOP ASAME E RROR*
100 0 CONTINUE
C
N=N1( 1 ) + N 1 ( 2)
C CALL OF C I P W NORM AND D I F F E R E N T I A T I O N I NOEX C A L C U L A T I O N S
CALL C I P W D K N O . S I O E , A L 2 0 3 , K 2 0 , N A 2 0 , C A O . M G O , F E O , F E 2 0 3 , T I 0 2 , M N 0 ,
1P205,C02,DI,N)
I F I I C 2 . N E . 1 ) GO TO 151
DO 2 1 = 1 , N
ELEMENT(1,I)=SI02(I)
ELEMENT( 2 , I ) = A L 2 0 3 ( I >
E L E ME NT ( 3 , I ) = K 2 0 ( I )
E L E ME N T ( A , I ) = N A 2 0 ( I I
ELEMENT( 5 , 1 ) =CAO( I )
ELEMENT(6,I)=FE0(I)
2 E L E ME N T ( 7 , I ) = M 5 0 ( I )
CALL O U A D 2 ( N 8 , 0 1 , E L E ME N T , N )
1 5 1 CONTI NUE
I F ( I C l . E C . l ) GO TO 7 2 9
C CALL OF AKF ANO ACF CALCULATIONS
CALL AKFACFCNO,AL203,K20,NA20iCAO,yGO,FEO,MNO,TI02,S,FE203,N)
7 2 9 CONTINUE
C GAINS AND LOSSES
239
C THE E F F E C T OF A L T E RAT I ON I S CAL CUL AT E D ON THE B A S I S CF THE A L T E R A T I O N MI NE RAL S

C THAT DET ERMI NE D THE AMOUNT OF A L T E R A T I O N I S A T T R I B UT E D TO THE A L T E R A B L E MI NERA
C L S FOR A P A R T I C I L A R TYPE OF A L T E R A T I O N .
C
1=0
DO 4 0 0 J = 1 , J V
I F C N F ( J ) . E O . 0) GO TO 4 0 0
N=N1(J)
OO 4 0 1 L = 1 , N
1=1 + 1
KN=R(J)
I F d . E O . KN) GO TO 4 0 1
0 ( 1 1 = 0 ( 1 )-Q(KN)
0 R ( I 1= 0 R ( I ) - OR( KN)
B I(I)=BI (I)-BI(KN)
C A L ( 1 1 = C A L ( I ) - C A L ( KN)
HEM( I ) = H E M ( I ) - H E M ( KN)
HAG(I1=HAG(I)-MAG(KN)
401 CONTI NUE
400 CONTI NUE
C
N=N1(1) + N K 2 )
oonoo
P O T A S S I C A L T E R A T I O N . I T S E F F E C T ON THE C H E M I S T R Y .
P O T A S S I C A E R A T I O N . A L T E R A T I O N MI N E R A L S ARE O R T H O C L A S E , B I O T I T E , C H A L C O P Y R I T E , M 0 L
Y B O E N I T E . A L T E R A B L E MI NE RAL S ARE P L A G I O C L A S E ( A N + A B ) t A C I I N O L I T E » H Y P E R S T H E N E .
N2 = 0
I —0 ,
00 4 9 3 J = 1 , J V
KN=t l l ( J>
O C l . R C J l 1=(CPYCR( J 1 » ♦ D ( 1 7 , R ( J U J ’ l O O . / ( 1 0 0 - Q CR ( j ) U
DO 4 9 4 L=1, KN
1=1 + 1
IF(N 9(I) .EQ.NFUl ) GOTO 494
0 ( 1 , 1 1 =0 .
I F O I C I ) . L E . 0 . 1 GO TO 4 9 9
0(1,11=01(1)
4 9 9 I F ( O R ( I ) . L E . 0 . 1 GO TO 3 1 6
0 (1 ,1 1 = 0 (1 ,Il+OR(I)
3 1 6 I F ( M A G ( I 1 . L E . O ) GO TO 3 1 9
0 ( 1 , 1 1 = 0 ( 1 , I)+MAG(I)
3 1 9 I F ( C P Y ( I 1 . L E . O . 1 GO TO 3 2 0
0 ( 1 ,1 1 = 0 ( 1 , I)+CPY(I)
320 I F ( 0 ( 1 7 , I ) . L E . O . 1 GO TO 321
0 ( 1 , 1 1 = 0 ( 1 , 1 1 + 0 ( 1 7 , 1)
321 0 ( i , I ) = n ( l , I ) * 1 0 0 . / ( 1 0 0 . - 0 ( R ( J ) ) l
494 CONTI NUE
493 CONTI NUE
ooooo
P HYL L I C A L T E R A T I O N . I T S E F F E C T ON THE CHEMI S TRY

P H Y L L I C AL T E R A T I O N . A L T E R A T I O N MI N E R A L S ARE S E R I C I T E , P Y R I T E . AL T E R A B L E MI NE RAL
S ARE O R T H O C L A S E , P L A G I O C L A S E ( A S + A N ) , A C T I N O L I T E , H Y ° E R S T H E N E , D I O T I T E .
112=0
1 =0
00 910 J = 1 , J V
240
D ( 2 , R ( J ) 1= ( H U S ( R U ) 1 ♦ P Y ( R ( j m ♦ ! 3 C . / ( 1 C 0 - Q ( R C J l ) )
DO 5 1 1 L = 1 , K N
1= 1+ 1
I F t N O C I ) . E O . H F ( J ) ) G O TO 511
0(2,11=0
I F l M U S t l l . I F . O . ) GO TO 3 1 7
0(2,I)=H U Sm
3 1 7 I F C R C I ) . L L . O . ) GO TO 3 1 0
0 (2 ,1 1 = 0 (2 ,I ) = 0 (2 ,I)+Q(I)
3 1 0 I F ( P Y ( 1 1 . L F . 0 . ) GO TO 3 2 4
0 ( 2 ,1 1 = 0 (2 ,I ) = 0 (2 ,I)+DY(I)
3 2 4 0 ( 2 , 1 1 = 0 ( 2 , 1 > » 1 0 n . / ( 1 0 0 . - 0 ( R ( J >1 )
5 1 1 CONTI NUE
5 1 0 CONTI NUE
o o o o o
6 R G I L L I C A L T E R A T I ON . I T S E F F E C T ON THE C H E MI S T R Y .
0RTH0CL6SE,PLAGI0CLASE,ACTIH0LITE,HYPERSTHENE,BI0TITE.
A R G I L L I C A L T E R A T I O N . A L T E R A T I ON MI NE RAL S ARE K A O L I N I T E . ALTERABLE MI N E R A L S ARE
N2 = 0
1=0
DO 3 0 0 J = 1 , J V
0 ( 3 , R ( J 1 ) = K A O L ( R ( J ) ) * 1 0 0 . / ( 1 0 0 - Q ( R ( J l 1 - O R ( R ( J l )}
KH=N1(J)
DO 3 9 1 L = 1 , K N
1= 1+1
I F ( N 9 ( I ) . E Q . N F ( J ) ) GO TO 3 0 1
0 ( 3 , 1 )=0
I F K A O L ( I ) . L E . O . > GO T 0 3 2 3
0 ( 3 , 1 )=K AOL(I)
3 2 3 I F t A L U l K I I . L E . O . ) GO TO 3 2 5
C ALUNI TE= 1 / 2 K 2 0 , 3 * 1 / 2 A L 2 0 3 . 2 * 5 0 3 , 6 * 1 / 2 H 2 0 . T OT AL = 12 CATIONS.
0(3,11=0(3,D+ALUNd)
325 0 ( 3 , T ) = 0 ( 3 , I ) * 1 0 0 . / ( I D O . - Q ( R ( J ) ) - O R ( R ( J ) l )
2 0 1 CONTI NUE
2 0 0 CONTI NUE
K2=0
L2=0
DO 6 0 J = 1 , J V
N=N1( J)
L1=L2+1
L2=L1+1
DO 6 2 K = 1 , 3
L=0
I F C J . E 0 . 2 ) L=N1(1)
DO 6 1 1 = 1 , N
L=L + 1
A(I)=0(K,L)
61 CONTI NUE
CALL A V S T O ( A , N )
A M ( K , L 1 1 =01
A H ( K , L 2 ) =62
6 2 CONTI NUE
DO 6 5 1 = 1 , N
K2=K2+1
A ( I l = D ( l , K 2 ) + 0 ( 2 , K 2 ) + 0 ( 3 , K2 )
6 5 CONTI NUE
CALL AVSTO ( A , N )
A M( 4 , L 1 ) =01
AH( 4 , L2 ) =n 2
60 CONTI NUE
o o o
ALTERATI ON RESUME
L2=0
1=0
00 400 J = 1 , J V
L1=L2+1
L2=L1+1
0 = 1 0 HS UMM ARY OF
WRITE( 2 , 6 ) n t R 0 C K ( J > , T Y P E ( J )
W R I T E ( 2 * 3 7 ) MI NE, NAME
WRITE( 2 , 4 7 2 )
I20=R(J)
SOMALT(I20)=D(1,I20)+ 012,120)+0(3,120)
W R I T E ( 2 , 4 7 1 ) N I D , N O ( I 2 0 > , ( 0 ( K , 1 2 0 ) , K = l , 3 ) , SO H A L T ( 1 2 0 )
KI!=N1U)
DO 4 8 1 L = 1 , K H
1=1 + 1
I F ( N 3 ( I ) . E O . N F U ) ) GO TO 4 9 1
SOMALT( I ) = 0 ( 1 , 1 ) + 0 ( 2 , 1 ) + 0 ( 3 , 1 )
WRITE( 2 , 4 7 1 ) N I 0 , N B ( I ) , ( 0 ( K , I ) , K = 1 , 3 ) , SOMALT( I )
461 CONTI NUE
WRI TE( 2 , 6 4 ) I A M ( K , L 1 ) , K = 1 , 4 ) , ( A M ( K , L 2 ) , K = 1 , 4 )
480 CONTI NUE
N= N1 ( 1 ) + N 1 ( 2 >
00 27 1 = 1 , N
D(4,I)=SI02(I)
0 ( 5 , I)=AL203(I)
0 ( 6 , 1 ) =K20(I)
0 (7 ,I)= C A 0 (I)
0 ( 8 , I)=NA20(I)
0 ( 9 , 1 ) =FC0 ( I )
0 ( 1 0 , 1 ) =M.GO ( I )
0(11,1)=TI02(I )
0 ( 1 2 ,1 ) =H20(I)
0 (1 3 ,U =S(I)
D(14,I)=FE203(I)
0 ( 1 5 , 1 ) = MNO ( I )
0(29,I)=0I(I)
0(31,11=02(1)
27 CONTI NUE
00 9 0 6 1 = 1 , N
0(30,I)=1C O -(0(1,I)+D (2,I)+0(3,I))
906 CONTI NUE
I F ( I C O N . E O . 1 ) GO T O 1 0 1
1=0
DO 7 0 6 J = 1 , J V
N=N1(J)
PUNCH 7 0 1 , M I N E , N A M E , N K J ) , R O C K ( J ) , T Y P E ( J ) , R ( J )
00 7 07 L = 1 , N
1=1 + 1
PUNCH 7 0 2 , (NQ(I) , ( 0 ( K ,I ) ,K = 1 ,2 9 ) ,0 ( 3 1 ,1 ) )
7 0 7 CONTI NUE
7 0 6 CONTI NUE
1 0 1 CONTI NUE
ooo
CORRELATI ON COEFFICIENTS
KOU=0
KOUNT=0
L2=3
0 0 2A K = 1 , J V
N=N1( K)
L1=L2+1
L2=L1+1
MU L T I P L I C A T I O N BY S P E C I F I C G R A VI T Y OF ROCK D I V I D E D BY S P E C I F I C GR A V I T Y
o o
OF FRESH RUCK.
DO 2 6 J = 4 , 2 8
1 —0
I F ( K . E O . 2) I = N 1 ( 1 )
DO 2 2 L = 1 , N
1 = 1+1
D ( J , U = D ( J , I 1 *0131, R(K)) 7 0 ( 3 1 , II
NA ( L ) = N B ( I )
2 2 CONTI NUE
2 6 CONTI NUE
CV(l)=C(L1)
CV( 2 ) = C ( 1 2 >
CALL R A T I O S ( 0 , N , I D, KO U N T , C V , N O
CALL CORCOEF C D , N , K O U , C V , I D)
o o o
GAI NS AND L O S S E S
DO 9 5 J = 4 , 2 8
DO 9 6 1 = 1 , N
I F t N A d ) . E C . N F ( K ) ) GO TO 9 6
D(J , I ) = 0 ( J , I ) - D ( J , R ( K ) )
96 CONTI NUE
I F I I C 1 . E Q . 1 ) GO TO 9 9
CALL 0 U A 0 1 ( D , N A , 3 1 , N )
99 CONTI NUE
95 CONTI NUE
W R I T E ( 2 , 9 8 ) R O C K ( K ) , T Y P E ( K ) , H I N E , NAME
WRITE( 2 , 9 7 ) (10(1) ,1=1,15)
DO 3 1 2 1 = 1 , N
WRI TE( 2 , 9 1 ) N I O , N A ( I ) , ( 0 ( M , I ) , H = 1 , 1 5 )
312 CONTI NUE
W R I T E ( 2 , 9 8 ) R O C K ( K ) , T Y P E ( K ) , MI N E , N A ME
WRITE( 2 , 9 7 ) (10(11,1=16,28)
DO 3 1 1 1 = 1 , N
W R I T E ( 2 , 9 2 ) N I O , N A ( I ) , ( D ( H , I ) , M=1 6 , 2 8 1
311 CONTI NUE
24 CONTI NUE
GO TO 7 9 9
789 CONTI NUE
STOP
3 FORMAT(2(1X,A19,A8,1X,13(F5.4,1X1, / ) )
4 FORMAT( 2 ( I X , A 1 0 , A 3 , I X , 1 0 ( F 5 . 2 , I X ) , / ) )
5 FORM AT ( A 10 , A 8 , 2X , A 2 , 3 1 2 >
243
6 FOHMAT C 1 M 1 , I X , ' T A B L E . * , A 1 0 , * A L T E R A T I ON OF * , 2 A 6 , * FROM * , A 1 0 ,

1 Aft)
7 FORMAT(1X,*N=*,I2,1X,*N0FM=*,I2,1X,*NAKCF=',1 2 , ' C d l = * , I 2 , * C ( 2 ) =
i* ,I 2 , » C(3)= ', 1 2 , * C(4)= *,12)
ft F ORMAT( 2 ( 1 2 , F 4 . 2 ) I
9 F ORMAT( * Mi = * , 1 2 , * 0 1 ( 1 ) = * , F A . 2 , » N2 = * , 1 2 , * 0 1 ( 2 ) = * , F 4 . 2 )
19 F O R M A T d X , AI D, A f t , 2 X , A 2 , 2 I 2 )
1ft FOR’4.AT ( 2 ( 2A ft , 4 X ) )
2 9 F O R M A T ! / , / , I X , ' F I R S T ROCK T YP E I S * , 2 A 6 , / , I X , ' S E C O N D ROCK T Y P E * ,
1* I S * , 2 Aft, / 1
37 FO R MA T (1 2X . A1 0, A ft ,/ )
4 4 FORMAT (.1 H I , I X , ' A V E R A G E VALUES CF MAJOR E L E M E N T S * , / / , 2 1 X , 1 0 ( A 3 , 3 X) )
4 5 F O R M A T ( I X , ' A V E R A G E VALUES OF MI NOR E L E M E N T S * , / / , 2 1 X , 1 3 ( A 3 , 3 X ) I
5 0 FORMAT 1 7 1 2 )
51 F O R M A T ( I 2 , F 4 . 2 , 5 F 5 . 2 , F 5 . 3 , 8 F 5 . 2 , / , 3 F 5 . 2 , 1 3 F 5 . 0 )
5 3 F O R M A T ! I X , * T O O MUCH SODI UM FOR T H I S SAMPLE *,I2)
64 F O R M A T ( / , 2 X , * A V G E * , 2 X , 3 ( F 6 . 2 , 1 X ) , 8 X , F 6 . 2 , / , 2 X , * S T O * , / , 2 X , * O E V T * 2 X ,
1 3 (F 6 .2 ,IX ), 8X.F6.2)
91 F O R M A T ( 2 X , A 2 , I 2 , 1 X , 1 6 ( F 6 . 2 , 1 X ) )
92 F O R M A T ( 2 X , A 2 , I 2 , 1 X , 1 3 ( F 6 . 4 , 1 X ) ) .
97 F ORMAT ( 2 X, * NO * , IX,16(A3,4X))
9 3 FORMAT( 1 H 1 , I X , * T A O L E . G A I N S AND L O S S E S P E R E LEMENTS OF * , 2 A 8 , /
1 , 1 3 X , ' FROM * , A I D , A f t , / )
3 8 0 FORMAT( 1 H 1 , i X , * CONTROLS OF R E S U L T S ' , 2 H ( , A 1 0 , A 8 , / , 1 0 X , * F I R S T ROC
I K TYPE I S * , 2 Aft , * SECOND ROCK TYPE I S * , 2 A 8 , 2 H ) , / , / , 1 1 X , * H 0 SU
2H OF MAJ OR ELEMENT C A T I O N S SUM OF C A T I O N S P E RCE NT * , / , 5 0 ( 1 1 X , 1 2 , 1 0
3X,FS.2,20X ,F8.2./))
4 1 0 FORMAT ( 2 1 ? )
411 F O R M A T ( I X , ' F R E S H R O C K S * , / , I X , * N F ( 1 ) = * , 1 2 , * NF(2) = * , I 2 )
471 F O R M A T ( 2 X , A 2 , I 2 , 2 X , 3 ( F 6 , 2 , 1 X ) , 8 X , F 6 , 2 )
4 7 2 FORMAT( 2 X, * NO POT PHYL ARGI L TOTAL A L T E R A T I O N * )
502 FORMAT(1H1,IX,'TABLE . AN AL YT I C AL DATA I N CAT I ON PERCENT OF * ,
1 2 A 6 , 7 H ( A B O V E ) , * AND * , 2 A 8 , 7 H ( 0 E L 0 H ) , / , 1 2 X , * F R 0 M * , A 1 0 , A f t , / / , * NO
2 SI02 AL203 K20 NA20 CAO FEO MGO MNO TI02 H20 CU
3 S UL F U F E 2 0 3 C 0 2 S03 P205*)
5 0 3 FORMAT( 2 X, A 2 , 1 2 , 2 X , F 5 . 2 , I X , F 5 . 2 , I X , 1 4 ( F 5 . 2 , I X ) )
554 FORMAT( I X, *NOFR = * , I 2 )
7 0 1 F ORMAT( A i d , A 8 , 2 X , 2 ( I 2 , 2 A 8 , 4 X , 1 2 ) )
7 0 2 F O R MA T ( I 2 , 3 F 6 . 2 , 1 0 F 5 . 2 , / , F 5 . 2 , 2 F 5 . 3 , 1 1 F 5 . 4 , F 5 . 3 , F 5 . 2 , / , F 4 . 2 )
7 1 6 F ORMAT ( 1 H I , I X , ' T A B L E . ANAL YT I CAL DATA I N HE I GHT PERCENT OF * , 2
1 A 6 , / , 1 2 X , * FROM * , A 1 0 , Af t , / / , 2 X , * NO DENS S I 0 2 AL203 K20 NA20
2 CAO. FEO MGO MNO TI02 SULFU F E 2 0 3 C 0 2 S03 P205*)
71f t F O R M A T ! / )
726 FORMAT (1H1, I X, ' TA BLE . ANAL YT I CAL DATA I N HE I GHT PERCENT OF * , 2
l A f i , / , 1 2 X , » FROM * , A 1 0 , A 8 , / / , 2 X , * N O CUS M0 S 2 PBS ZNS NI O
2 CR203 V205 ZR02 GAO GEO S R 0 2 CHLOR F L UOR TOTAL H 2 0 * )
751 FORMAT(1H1,IX,'TABLE . ANAL YT I CAL DATA I N C A T I O N P E RCE NT OF * ,
1 2 A f t , / , 1 2 X , » FROM * , A 1 0 , A 8 , / / , 2 X , * N 0 * , 3 X ,
2 *SI02 AL203 K2 0 NA 2 0 CAO FEO MGO MNO TI02 H20 CU
3 S UL F U F E 2 0 3 C 0 2 SO3 P205*)
852 FORMAT(1H1,IX,'TABLE . ANAL YT I CAL DATA I N HE I GHT PERCENT OF * , 2
1 A 8 , 7 H ( A B O V E ) , * ANO « , 2 A f l , 7 H ( B E L C H ) , / , 1 2 X , * FROM * , A 1 0 , 6 3 , / / , 2 X , ' N O
2 BENS S I 0 2 A L 2 0 3 K2 0 NA20 CAO FEO MGO MNO TI02 SUL
3 FU F E 2 0 3 C 0 2 S03 P205*>
853 FORMAT(2X,6 2 . 1 2 , I X , F 4 . 2 , I X , 1 4 ( F 5 . 2 , I X ) )
'854 FORMAT(1H1,IX,'TABLE . ANAL YT I CAL DATA I N WEI GHT PERCENT OF * , 2
2 A 8 , 7 H ( ABOVE) , * AND * , 2 A 8 , 7 H ( D E L O H ) , / , 1 2 X , * FROM * , A 1 0 , A 8 , / / , 2 X , ' N O
2 CUS K0S2 P3S ZUS NIO CR203 V205 ZRC2 BAD BEO SR
30 2 CHLOR FLUOR TOTAL H2 0 * l
855 F O R M A T ( 2 X , A 2 , I 2 , l X , F 5 . 3 t 2 X , 1 0 ( F 5 . 4 , l X ) , F 5 . 3 , l X , F 5 . 4 , l X , F 6 . 2 , l X , F 5 .
12)
856 FORMAT(1H1)
EMD
245
SUBROUTI NE A L T N 0 R M ( N Q , S I 0 2 , A L 2 0 3 , K 2 0 , N A 2 0 , C A C , F E C , M G 0 , F E 2 0 3 , T I 0 2 , M
lN 0,SsH 20tS03, P205,C02,CC,CPY,CU,N)
I NTEGER N 1 C 2 ) , R 0 C K ( 2 ) , T Y P E ( 2 )
REAL N U S ( G O ) , K A O L C 5 0 ) , D I ( 5 0 ) , ORCGQ) , C A L ( 5 0 ) i A P ( S O ) , P Y ( 5 0 ) , AQC5 0 I f A
I N ( 5 0 ) ♦ CLC5 G) « H E H ( 5 0 ) f W O H 5 0 ) , MAGC5 0 ) , O I O P ( 5 0 ) , C ( 5 0 ) , HYP ( 5 0 ) f ACT ( 5 0
2 ) « S P H ( 5 0 ) , RUT( 5 0 ) , C C ( N ) , C P Y ( N ) , N 3 ( N ) i S I 0 2 ( N) t A L 2 0 3 ( N ) , K 2 0 ( N ) , N A 2 0 (
3 M ) i C A O ( N ) , F E C ( N ) t F E 2 0 3 ( N ) , M N 0 ( N ) , T I O 2 ( N ) , S ( N ) , H 2 0 ( N ) , C 0 2 ( N ) , P2C5(N
4 ) , 5 0 3 ( h ) * O C R ( 5 0 ) , AL U N ( 5 0 I t H ( 5 0 ) ♦ T O T A L ( 5 0 ) t H G C ( N ) , C U ( N ) , K , M
COMMON / A L T E R E / M I N E , N A M E , R O C K , T Y P E , N l , N I C
COMMON / W E R N E R / O R , G I , M U S , K A O L , 0 , C A L , H E M, F A G , F Y , LM, ALUN
DO 1 1 = 1 , N
PY ( I ) = 0 «
OR( I )=0
RUT( I ) = 0•
AN ( I ) = 0
ACT ( I ) = 0
HUS( I ) = 0
HY P ( I ) = 0
KAOL( I ) = 0
M=0 •
K=0.
A= 0 •
S I = 0e
C2 = 0 •
P=0.
o ooo o
CALCUL OF THE NORM
FORMATI ON CF AL UNI TE
ALUNI TE= 1 / 2 K 2 0 , 3 * 1 / 2 A L 2 0 3 , 2 + 503,6*1/2 H2C. TOTAL = 12 CATIONS.
ALUN(I)=12*S03(I)/2.
K=K26CI)-S03(r>/2.
A=AL203(I)-3*S03(I)/2.
M(H=H2C( I ) - 6 * S 0 3 ( I ) / 2 .
C FORMATI ON OF A P A T I T E •
IF(CA O (I).LT.9.*P2C5(I)/3.) GOTO 3
A P(Il=8.*P205(I)/3.
C=CA0(I)-5., P 205(I)/3.
GO TO 2 3
3 AP(I)=8.*CAO(I>/5.
C=0.
P=P205(I)-3.*CA0lI)/5.
. C F ORMATI ON OF C A L C I T E
2 3 I F ( C . I E . 0 0 2 ( I ) ) GO TO 2 0
CAL(I ) = 2 . *C02( I )
C=C-C02(I>
GO TO 4
2 0 C A L ( I ) = 2 . *C
C2=C02CI)-C
C=0.
<« I F ( T I 0 2 t T ) . L E . C ) GO TO 4 1
C FORMATI ON OF SP HE NE
SPH(I)=3.*C
SI = 0.
SI=SI+C
TI=TI02(I)-C
RUTCI)=TI
c—o •
GO TO 4 2
246
41 SPHCI)=3.*TI02m
SI“SIfTI02(II
C=C-TIC2(I)
42 F 2 = 0 .
F3 = 0 .
F2=F2+FE0(I)
F3=F3+FE203(I)
C FORMAT I ON OF THE S U L F I D E S
I F ( C C ( I ) . E Q . O . ) GO TO 4 0
C C (I)=CU (I)/(2+CC(I))/2.»3.
IF (CPY(I).EQ.O) C C (I) =C U ( I ) / 2 . * 3 .
4 0 CO = ( C U ( I ) - 2 . + C C ( I ) / 3 . )
I F ( C O . G T . F 2 ) GO TO 1 0
C P Y ( I ) = 4 • *CO
F2=F2-CO
GO TO 1 5
10 C P Y ( I ) = 4 . * F 2
CC(I)=(CO-F2)*3./2.+CC(I)
15 S C I ) = S ( I ) - C P Y C I ) / 2 . - C C C I ) Z 3 .
I F ( S ( I ) . G E . F 2 ) GO TO 1 3
PY(I)=2.+S(I)
F2= F 2-S (I )
SCI)=0.
GO TO 1 4
13 P Y ( I ) = 2 . * F 2
S ( I ) =S C I ) - F 2
F2 = 0 .
1 4 C O N T I N UE
I F C F 3 / 2 . . G T . F 2 ) GO TO 6 0 1
C F ORMATI ON OF MAGNETI TE
MAG(I)=3.*F3/2.
F2-F2-F3/2•
F3 = 0 •
GO TO 6 0 2
601 MAG(I)=3.*F2
F3=F3-2.*F2
F2=F2-F2
H E M( I ) = F 3
oo
FORMATI ON OF A L B I T E
A L D I T E = 1 / 2 N A 2 0 , 1 / 2 A L 2 0 3 , 3 S I 0 2 . TOTAL C A T I O N S = 5
602 A Q (I)= 5 .* H A 2 0 m
SI=SIt3.*H A 20m
A=A-NA2C( I )
I F ( H t l ) . L E . O ) GO TO 6 1 0
C LM I S USED AS RE F E R E N C E TO KNOW I F H 2 0 I S US ED I N THE FORMATI ON OF B I O T I T E
LM= 0
M=M»MGO(I)♦MN0(I)*F2
WRI T E ( 2 , 0 ) H 5 ( U , M , M G O m , M N C ( I ) , F 2 , F 3
5 FORMAT ( I X t ’ . NO: * , I 2 , 1 X , * M = * , F 5 . 2 , * M G 0 = * , F 5 , 2 , * M N 0 - * , F 5 . 2 , * F 2 = * ,
1F5.2,* F3=*,F5.2)
I F ( H ( I ) / 2 . . L E . 1 / 3 . * H ) GO TO 2
I F ( K . L E . 1 / 3 . * . M ) GO TC 7 0
C O I O T I T E = 1 / 2 K 2 0 , 1 / 2 A L 2 0 3 , 3 MGO, 3 S I 0 2 , 2 * 1 / 2 H 2 0 . TOTAL C A T I O N S = 1 0
01 m =io ./.i.* n
K=K-1/3.*M
HCI)=H(I)-2/3.*M
SI=SI+H
A=A-1./3.*M
M= 0 «
IF(H (I)/2..G T.K ) GO TO 6 2
247
C MUSCOVI TE - 1 / 2 K 2 0 . 3 * 1 / 2 A L 2 0 3 , 3 S I 0 2 # 2 * 1 / 2 H 2 0 . TOTAL CATI ONS = 9
C ORTHOCLASE = 1 / 2 K 2 0 , 1 / 2 A L 2 0 3 , 3 S I 0 2 . TOTAL C A T I O N S = 5
M US(I)=9.*H(I)/2.
K=K-H(I)/2.
0R(I)=5.*K
A=A-3.*H(I)/2.-K
SI=SI+3.*(H (I)/2.+K )
H( I ) =0•
GO TO 2 0 0
C MUSCOVI TE = 1 / 2 K 2 0 , 3 * 1 / 2 A L 2 0 3 , 3 S I 0 2 , 2 * 1 / 2 H 2 C • TOTAL CATI ONS = 9
C KACLINITE = 1 / 2 A L 2 0 3 , S I 0 2 , 2 * l / 2 H 2 0 . TOTAL C A T I O N S = 4
6 2 M U S ( I ) = 9 • *K
H C I ) =H ( I ) - 2 • *K
KA0L(I)=4.*H(I) / 2 .
A=A-3.*K-H(I)/2,
SI=SI+3.*K+H(I)/2.
H(I ) =0•
GO TO 2 0 0
C B I O T I T E = 1 / 2 K 2 0 , 1 / 2 A L 2 0 3 , 3 MGO, 3 S I 0 2 , 2 * 1 / 2 H 2 0 . TOTAL C AT I ON S = 1 0
C ACTINOLITE 2 CAO, 5 MGO, 8 S I 0 2 , 2 * 1 / 2 H 2 0 . TOTAL CAT I ONS = 1 7
C K A O L I N I T E = 1 / 2 A L 2 0 3 , S I 0 2 , 2 * 1 / 2 H 2 0 . TOTAL C A T I O N S = 4
7 0 D I ( I ) = 1 0 • *K
A-A-K
M= M- 3 * K
SI=SI+3*K
H(I)=H(I)-2*K
I F ( H ( I ) . L T . 2 . * M / 5 . ) GO TO 7 1
ACT ( I ) = 1 7 • * H / 5 •
C=C-2.*M/5.
SI=SI+8.*M /5.
H(I)=H(I)-2.*M /5.
KAOL C I ) = 4.*H (I)/2 .
SI=SI+H(I)/2.
A=A-H(I)/2.
H(I)=0.
M=0.
GO TO 2 0 0
7 1 ACT ( I ) = 1 7 « * H ( I ) / 2 *
M-M-5• *H( I ) / 2 •
SI=SI+8.*H (I)/2.
C=C-H(I )
H Y P ( I ) = 2 • *M
SI=SI+M
H ( I ) = 0•
M= 0 .
GO TO 2 0 0
2 I F C K . L E . M / 3 . ) GO TC 2 1
I F ( K . L T . H ( I ) / 2 . ) GC TO 2 2 0
C O I O T I T E = 1 / 2 K 2 0 , 1 / 2 A L 2 0 3 , 3 MGO, 3 S I 0 2 , 2 * 1 / 2 H 2 0 . TOTAL C A T I O N S = 1 0
C ORTHOCLASE = 1 / 2 K 2 0 , 1 / 2 A L 2 0 3 , 3 S I 0 2 . TOTAL C A T I O N S - 5
01 ( I ) = 1 0 * H ( I ) / 2 .
K=K-HCI)/2.
M=M-3*H(I)/2.
0 R ( I ) r 5 . *K
H Y P ( I ) = 2 . *M
SI=SI+3*H(I)/2.»3*K+M
A=A-H(I)/2.-K
H(I)=0.
GO TO 2 0 0
248
220 6 1 (I>=10»K
H(I)=H(I)-2*K
M=M-3. »K
SI=SI+3*K
A= A- K
I F ( H ( I ) . L T . 2 . * N / 5 . ) GO TO 2 2 1
ACT(I)=17.+M/5.
H(I)=H(I)-2.*H /5.
KA0L(I)=4*nHI)/2.
A=A-H(I)/2.
SI=SI+8.*M /5.+H(I)/2.
C=C-2.+M/5.
M=0 .
H( I ) = 0 •
GO TO 2 0 0
221 A C T ( I ) = 1 7 . * H ( I ) / 2 .
M=M-5.*H(I)/2.
SI=SI+8.*H (I)/2.
C= C- H CI)
HYP(I)=2.*M
SI=SI+M
M= 0 •
H(I)=0.
GO TO 2 0 0
2 1 I F ( K • G T « H ( I ) / 2 • ) GO TO 2 1 2
C B I O T I T E = 1 / 2 K 2 0 t 1 / 2 A L 2 0 3 , 3 MGO, 3 S l 0 2 , 2*1/2 H 2 0 . TOTAL C AT I ON S = 10.
BI(I)=10*K
A=A- K
M= M- 3 * K
H(I)=k(I)-2*K
SI=SI+3*K
I F ( H ( I ) . L T . 2 . * M / 5 . ) GO TO 7 2
ACT m = 1 7 . * M / 5 .
H (I)=H(I)-2.*M /5.
SI=SI+8.*M /5.
C=C-2.*M/5.
M=0.
KA0L(l)=4.*H(I)/2.
A=A-HCI)/2.
SI=SI+H(I)/2.
H( I ) = 0 .
GO TO 2 0 0
C ACTINOLITE 2 CAO, 5 MGO, 8 SI02, 2*1/2 H20. TOTAL CAT I ONS = 17
72 A C T ( I ) = 1 7 . * H ( I ) / 2 .
C=C-H(I)
SI=SI+B.*H (I)/2.
M-M"5• *H( I ) / 2 •
HYP C l ) = 2 • *M
SI=SI+M
HCI)=0.
M=0 •
GO TO 2 0 0
C 8 I 0 T I T E = 1 / 2 K 2 0 , 1 / 2 A L 2 0 3 , 3 MGO, 3 S I 0 2 , 2 * 1 / 2 H 2 0 . TOTAL C A T I O N S = 1 0 .
C ORTHOCLASE = 1 / 2 < 2 0 , 1 / 2 A L 2 0 3 , 3 S I 0 2 . TOTAL C AT I ON S = 5
212 D I C I ) = 1 0 * H ( I ) / 2 .
K=K-H(I)/2.
M=M-3*H(I)/2.
HYP(I)=2.*M
ORCI)=5.*K
249
SI=SI+3*K+3*H(I)/2.+M
A=A-K-H(I)/2.
H(I)=0.
2 0 0 I F ( C . G E . O . ) GO TO 2 0 1
C ACTINOLITE 2 CAO, 5 MGO» 8 S I 0 2 , 2 + 1 / 2 H 2 0 . TOTAL C A T I O N S = 1 7
C=-C
ACT(I)=ACT ( D - 1 7 . + C / 2 *
M=H+5.+C/2.
SI=SI-8.+C/2.
H(I)=H(I)+C
C=0.
HYP(I)=2.*M
SI=SI+M
M= 0 •
I F ( A • LT « 0 • ) GO TO 2 0 4
GO TO 9 4
C FORMATI ON OF ANORT HI T E
C ANC R T H I T E = CAO, 2 A L 2 0 3 , 2 S I 0 2 . TOTAL C A T I O N S = 5
2 0 1 I F ( A . G E . 3 . . A N D . A . G T . 2 . * C ) GOTO 2 0 2
2 0 4 A N ( I ) = 5 • +C
A=A-2.*C
SI=SI+2.*C
C= 0 e
W R I T E ( 2 , 9 3 ) N G ( I 1 , A , AN ( I ) , K A O L ( I ) , MU S ( I ) , C R ( I ) , 8 1 C I ) » A C T ( I ) , S I ,
1H( I ) ,C
A= - A
I F ( K A O K I ) . G E . 4 . + A ) GO TO 9 1
A=A-KACL(I)/4.
SI=SI-KAOL(I)/4.
H(I)=H(I)+2.+KAOL(I)/4.
KAOL(I)=0:
c
C MUS COVI TE HAS 9 C A T I O N S , ORTHOCLASE HAS ONLY 5 C A T I O N S . FOR 9X CAT I C NS OF M
C COVI T E 5X CAT I ONS OF CRTHOCLASE CAN OE F ORME D. THE RESULT I S THE L I B E R A T I O N
C OF 2X C A T I C N S OF ALUMI NUM. 2X CORRE S P OND TO THE A CAT I ONS NEEDED BECAUSE OF
C OVERUSED ALUMI NUM. THEREFORE 2X = A
C MUSCOVI TE = 1 / 2 K 2 0 , 3 * 1 / 2 A L 2 0 3 , 3 S I 0 2 , 2 * 1 / 2 H 2 0 . TOTAL C A T I O N S = 9
C
I F ( H U S ( I ) . L T . 9 . * A / 2 . ) GO TO 7 .
HUS(I)=KUS(I)-9.*A/2.
OR(I)=OR(I)+S.*A/2.
H (I)=H (II»2.*4/2.
A=0 .
GO TO 9 4
7 O R m = O R ( I ) *5.*HUS ( I ) / 9 .
A=A-2.*NUS(I)/9.
H(I)=H(I)«2.»M US(I)/9.
HUS(I)=0.
I F ( A N C I ) . L T . 5 . * A / 2 . > GO TO 1 1
AN(I)=AN(I)-5.*A/2.
C —A / 2 #
SI=SI-A
A=0.
H=5.*C/2.
I F C O I ( I ) . L E . 1 0 # * M / 3 . ) GO TO 4 3
C B I O T I I E = 1 / 2 K 2 0 , 1 / 2 A L 2 0 3 , 3 MGO, 3 S I 0 2 , 2 * 1 / 2 H 2 0 . TOTAL C A T I O N S = 10.
C CRTHOCLAS E = 1 / 2 K 2 0 . 1 / 2 A L 2 0 1 , 3 S I 0 2 . TOTAL C A T I O N S = 5
C ACTINOLITE 2 CAO, 9 HGO, 8 S I 0 2 , 2 * 1 / 2 H 2 0 . TOTAL C A T I O N S = 1 7
31 < I ) = O I ( I ) - l l ) . * M / 3 .
ORCI)=OR(I)*5#*H/3.
250
ACT(I)=17.*H/5.+ACT(I)
SI=SI+8.»M /5.
H(I)=h(I)-2.*M /5.
C —0 •
M=0.
GO TO 9 4
C D I O T i r E = 1 / 2 K 2 0 i 1 / 2 A L 2 0 3 , 3 MGO, 3 S I 0 2 , 2 * 1 / 2 H ? 0 . TOTAL C AT I ON S = 1 0 .
C ACTINOLITE 2 CAO, 5 HGO, 9 S I 0 2 , 2 * 1 / 2 H 2 0 . TOTAL C AT I ON S = 1 7
4 3 OK ( I ) = Q R ( I ) f 9 • * D I ( I ) / 1 0 •
M =J.*0I(I)/1G.
H (I)=H (I)+2.*ni(I)/10.
8I(I)=0.
A C T ( I ) = ACT( I ) f i 7 . * H / 5 .
SI=SI+8.*M /5.
H(I)=H ( I ) - 2 . *H/5.
C=C-2.*H/5.
M=0.
C2=H(I)
H(I ) =0•
I F ( C • L E • C 2 ) GO TO 6 7 0
CAL(I)=CAL(I)+2.*C2
C=C-C2
C 2=0.'
WOL ( I ) = 2 • *C
SI=SI+C
GO TO 9 4
670 C A L ( I ) = 2 . * C + C A L ( I )
C2=C2-C
C=0.
H(I)=C2
C2-0 •
GO TO 9 4
11 A = A - 2 . * A N ( I ) / 5 .
WRITE( 2 , 9 3 ) N 3 ( I ) , A
C=AN(I)/5.
AM( I ) = 0 •
I F ( R U T ( I ) . L E . C ) GO TO 7 3
SPHCI)=SPH(I)>3.*C
R U T (I) =RUT(I) -C
SI=SI+C
C=0.
GO TO 6 1 2
73 S P H (I)= S P H (I)f3 .* R U T (I)
C=C-FUTII)
SI=SI+RUT(I)
RUT(I)=0.
WOL(I)=2.*C
SI=SI+C
GO TO 6 1 2
C KACLI MI TE = 1 / 2 A L 2 0 3 , 5 1 0 2 , 2 * 1 / 2 H2C. TOTAL C A T I O N S = 4
91 KAOL( I ) = < A 0 L ( I ) - 4 • * A
SI=SI-A
H(I)=H(I)+2.*A
A= 0 •
GO TO 9 4
202 ANCI)-5#*C
A=A-2.*C
SI=SI+2.*C
WOL(I)=0•
251
C—0 •
94 C O R <I ) = A
ooooo
IF THERE I S NORMATI VE CORUNDUM TO T H I S P O I N T , I T I S PROBABLY DUE TO AN E X C E S

IN THE FORMATI ON OF C A L C I T E AND S P H E N E . T HE R E F OR E THE FORMATI ON OF A N O R I H I T E
IS NECESSARY FROM THE CALCI UM OF C A L C I T E AND OR S P H E N E .
681 I F ( C C R ( I ) • EO# 0 • ) GO TO 6 1 2
C=CAL(I)/2.+SPH(I)/3.+C
C2=C2+CAL(I)/ ? .
TI=SFHCI)/3.*RUT(I)
SI=SI-SPH(I)/3.
RUT(I)=0.
SP H( 1 1 =0•
CA L ( I ) - 0•
I F ( C O R ( I ) . G T . 2 . * C ) GO TO 4 4
AN<I)=5.+COR(I)/2.+AN(I)
C=C-COR(I)/2.
SI=SI+CCR(I)
COR( I ) = 0 •
I F C C . G E . C 2 ) GO TO 4 5
CAL( I ) - 2 . ¥C
C2=C2-C
RUT(I)=RUT(I)+TI
C—0 •
GO TO 6 1 2
45 C A L ( I ) = 2 .* C 2
C=C-C2
C 2 —0 •
I F ( C . L T e T I ) GO TO 4 6
SPH(I)=3.*TI
SI=SI+TI
C=C-r*I
HOL(I)=2.*C
SI=SI+C
C—0 .
GO TO 6 1 2
46 S P H ( I ) = 3 . * C
SI=SI+C
TI=TI-C
RUT(I)=RUT(I)+TI
HOL( I ) = 0 •
GO TO 6 1 2
44 AN(I)=5.*C+AN(I)
COR(I)=CCR(I)-2.*C
SI=SI+2.*C
RUT(I)=RUT(I)+TI
C—0 .
GO TO 6 1 2
610 H 20(I )=0•
LM = 1
WOL ( I ) = 0 •
M=F2+HCO(I)+HNO(I)
I F ( K . L T . M / 3 . ) GO TO 6 1 3
BI(I)=8.*M /3.
K=K-M/3.
A=A-M/3.
SI=SI+M
OR(I)=5.*K
A = A- K
SI=SI+3.*K
H=0.
GO TO 6 1 4
613 01 m = 9*K
A= A-K
SI=SI+3*%
M= M- 3 * K
HYP(I)=2.*M
SI=SI+M
614 IF(A.LT.?«*C) GO TO 6 8 0
AN(I)=5.*C
A=A-2.*G
SI=SI+2.*C
C=0.
COR( I ) = A
GO TO 6 8 1
680 A N (I)= 5 .* A /2 .
C= C - A / 2 •
WOL( I ) - 2 * *C
SI=SI+A+C
A=0.
C —0 #
COR C I ) = A
612 IFISI02CD.GE.Sn GO TO 12
C FORMATION OF OIOPSIOE
I F ( W O L ( I ) • E Q . O . ) GO TO 7 0 4
I F C H Y P ( I ) . L T . W O L C I ) ) GO TO 7 0 3
DI0P(I)=2.*W0L(I)
HYP(I)=HYP(I)-WOL(I)
OL(I)=3./4.*HYP(I)
SI=SI-HYP(I)/4.
WOL(I>=0.
HYP ( I ) = 0 •
GO TO 7 0 5
7 0 4 I F C A C T C D . E O . O D G O TO 7 0 5
DIOP(I)=8,*ACT(I)/17.
C=0.
M=3.*ACT(I)/17.
SI=SI-4.*ACT(I)/17.
H(I)=H (I)+2.*A CT(I)/17.
OL(I)=3.+M
SI=SI+M
M= 0 .
GO TO 7 0 5
703 D IO P (I)= 2.*H Y P (I)
WOLCI)=WCL(I)-HYP(I)
7 0 5 I F ( S I 0 2 ( I ) . G E . S I ) GO TO 1 2
S T O P f NCT ENOUGH S I L I C A I N AL T E R*
12 0 ( I ) = S I C 2 ( I ) - 3 I
TOTAL(I) = A P ( I ) + P Y ( I ) + O R (I) + A O ( I ) + A N ( I ) + H A G ( I) + HEM(I)+W0L(I)+
1 H Y P ( I ) + 0 T 0 P ( I ) + O L ( I ) + q ( I ) + C O R ( I ) + ALUMCI ) t S P H ( I ) 4 C P Y ( I ) + C C ( I ) +
2 0 1 ( I ) ♦ MU S ( I ) K A O L ( I ) t C A L ( I ) 4RUT ( I ) f H C I I f ACT ( I ) + C 2 + P + S ( I )
C C OR R E C T I ON FCR THE E X C E S S WATER
TOT = TOTAL C I ) - H C I ) - C 2 - P - S C I )
OCI)-O(T)*TOTAL(I)/TOT
APCI)=AP(I)»T9TAL( D/TOT
PY(I)=PY(I)*TOTALCI)/TOT
O R ( I ) = C R ( I ) v T OT AL ( D / T O T
AG(I)=AR(I)*TOTALCI)/TOT
AN < I ) - A N ( I ) * T O T A L ( I ) / T O T
253
OL(I) =CLm»TOTAL(I)/TOT
C C ( I ) = C C ( I ) ’ TOTAL{I)/TOT
0 1 m = Q I ( I ) ’ TOTAL C l ) / T O T
M A G t I ) = H A G ( I ) ’ TOTALC U / T O T
HEMCI)=WEM(I)’ TOTALCI)/TOT
HOL(I)=MCL(I)’ TOTALtt)/TOT
HYP ( n = H Y P ( I ) ’ TOTAL CT) / T O T
C O !U I)= C O R (I)’ TOTAL(I)/TOT
S P H ( I ) = S P H ( I ) ’ TOTAL(I)/TOT
C P Y ( I ) = C P Y m ’ TOTAL C l ) / T O T
M U S m = KUS( I > ’ T O T A L C I l / T O T
C A L m = C A L ( I ) ’ TOTAL(H/TOT
R U T ( I ) = R U T ( I ) ’ TOTAL(I)/TOT
ACT ( I ) = A C T ( I ) ’ T O T A L ( I ) / T O T
O I O P t l) = O I O P ( I ) ’ TOTAL(I)/TOT
K A O L ( I ) = K A O L ( I ) ’ TOTAL( I ) / T O T
A L U N C I)= A L i m m ’ TOTAL(T)/TOT
S I0 2 ( I ) = S I 0 2 t I ) ’ TOTAL(I)/TOT
A L 2 0 3 m = A L 2 C 3 ( I ) ’ TOTALCD/TOT
K 2 0 ( I ) = K 2 0 ( I ) ’ TOTALCD/TOT
NA20CI)=NA20CI) ’ TOTALCD/TOT
C A O C I ) = C A O ( I ) ’ TOTALCI)/TOT
F E O ( I ) = FEOCI) ’ TOT AL C D/ TO T
MG O( I) =MGOCI) ’ TOTALCI)/TOT
H N O C I ) = H N O ( I ) ’ T OTALCI ) / TOT
T I 0 2 C l ) = T I 0 2 C l ) ’ TOTAL C D / T O T
F E 2 0 3 ( I ) = F E 2 0 3 C l ) ’ TOTALCD/TOT
S0 3 ( I ) = S03 CD ’ T OT AL CD/ TOT
C 0 2 ( D = C C02 CD-C2) ’ TOTALCD/TOT
P 2 0 5 ( I ) = ( P 2 0 5 C D - P ) ’ T OT A L C I ) / T O T
H 2 0 C D = C H 2 0 C D - H C D ) ’ TOTAL C D / T C T
S(D =((C PY C D +PY (I))’2.+CC(I)/2.)
1 C ON T I N UE
JV = 2
IF CN1C2).EO.O) JV=1
I F ( N 1 ( 2 ) •NE«0) W R ITE (2 ,5 4 ) l ROCK C D . T Y P E C D , 1 = 1 , 2 ) . M I N E , N A M E
I F ( M l ( 2 ) . E O . O ) V I R I T E C 2 . 7 5 1 ) R O C K C D , T Y P E C 1 > . P I N E , NAME
1=0
0 0 3 0 = 1 , JV
N=N1CJ)
DO 9 L = i » N
1=1 + 1
W R I T E ( 2 , S 5 ) K I O . N O C D , Q C I ) , 0 R C D , AOCI ) , A N C I ) , 0 1 C I ) , HUS C l ) , P Y C l ) ,
1 C P Y C D , HAG 1 1 ) , ACT C D , HYP C D , S P H C D . RUT C D . H E H C I ) . K A O L C I ) . C O R C D ,
2CA L C D , C C C I ) . A L U N C D , A P C I )
9 C ON T I N UE
WRITE( 2 , 7 1 3 )
8 C ON T I N UE
N=N1C1)+M1C2)
WRITE(2,504)
WRI TE C2 , 5 0 5 ) C C N O C I ) , O I O P C I ) , O L C D . W O L ( I ) , H C D , T O T A L C I ) ) , 1 = 1 , N)
RETURN
5 4 F O R M A T C 1 H 1 , I X , ’ TABLE . A L T E R A T I ON NORM OF ’ , 2 A 8 , 7 H C A 0 0 V E ) . ’ AND
1 ’ , 2 A 8 , 7 H t B E L O W ) , / , 1 3 X , ’ FR0M * , A I T , A 3 , / / , 2 X , * NO OTZ ORTHO ALDI
2 ANO.RT D i o r HUSC PY CPY NAG ACT HYP SPH RUT HEM
3 KACL COR CAL CC ALUM AP’ )
5 5 FORMAT C 2 X , A 2 , 1 2 , 1 X , 2 0 C F 5 . 2 , I X ) )
9 3 FORMAT C 1 X , ’ NO = ’ , 1 2 , * A L U N I N E OVERUSED ’ , F 5 . 2 , ’ AN * , F 5 . 2 , * KAOL
2 ’ , F 5 . 2 , ’ HUS * , F 5 . 2 , ’ OR * , F 5 . 2 , * 0 1 ’ , F 5 . 2 , ’ ACT * , F 5 . 2 , ’ S I ’ ,
3 F 5 . 2 , ’ WAT » , F 5 . 2 , » CAO » , F 5 . 2 )
254
504 FORMAT C 1 H 1 , I X . ’ T AQLE 1H(,'CONTINUED.*,1H) NO OIOPS OLI
1 V I HOLLA UNHAT T O T A L ' )
5 0 5 F O R MAT ( 5 0 ( I X , 1 2 , 2 X , 4 ( F 5 . 2 . I X ) . F 6 . 2 , / ) I
7 1 8 F O R MAT ( / )
7 5 1 FORMAT(1H1«IX»*TA3LE . A L T E R A T I ON NORM OF ' , 2 A 8 , / , 1 3 X ' FROM * , A
110iA 8,//,2X ,'N O OTZ ORTHO A L B I T ANORT B I O T KUSC PY CP Y
2MAG ACT HYP SPH RUT HEM KAOL COR CAL CC ALUN
2AP')
END
S U B R OUT I NE R A T I O S ( O i N , 1 0 , K 0 U M T , I C V )
INTEGER R O C K ( 2 l , T Y P E C 2 ) , N 1 C 2 )
DI MENSI ON 0 ( 3 1 , N ) , 4 ( 1 0 , 5 0 ) , I D ( 3 1 ) , 8 ( 5 0 ) , C ( 5 0 ) , I D A ( 1 0 ) , I C C ( l > , 3 1 ) ,
2ICV(2 ),1 0 1 (2 )
COMMON / A L T E R E / H I N E , N A M E . R O C K , T Y P E , H I , N I O
COMMON / R E N A T E / A 2 , 0 2 , R , E , S , T , K 1
DATA I O A / 7 H K / S R » O A , 7 H V / C R » N I , 5 H B 4 / T I , 8 H 8 E / S R » B A , 4 H 3 E / K , 5 H 8 E / N A ,
14MF/CL,8HH20/F+CL/,ID1/5HCL»*2,4HF**2/
KOUNT =KOUNT + 1
DO 1 1 = 1 , N
A d , I ) = 0 ( 2 7 t D * *2
A (2,I)=n(2A ,I)**2
A ( 3 , 1 1 = 0 ( 5 , 1 ) / ( 0 ( 2 6 , 1) * 0 ( 2 A , ! ) )
A (A ,I)=0(22,I ) / (0(21,1)*0(20,1))
A (5,11=0(24,11/0(11,1)
A (6 ,I)=0(25,I ) / (0(26,1)*0(24,1))
A ( 7 , I ) = 0 ( 2 5 , I ) / 0 (6,1)
A ( 8 , I ) = 0 (2 5 ,1 )/0 (8,1)
A (0,I)=0(28,I)/0(27,I)
A (1 0 ,I)= D (1 2 ,I)/(0(28,1)*0(27,11)
1 CON T I N UE
WRITE( 2 , 7 ) ( (A(J , I ) , 1 = 1 , N ) , J = 1 ,1 0 )
7 FORMAT(IX,10(F8.4,2X))
DO 5 0 L= 1 , 2
00 2 1=1,N
2 B(I)=A(L,I)
DO 3 J = l , 2 8
SUM1 = 0
DO 4 1 = 1 , N
SUM1=SUM1*0(J,I)
4 C (I)=0(J,I)
I F ( S U M l . E Q . O ) GO TO 3
CALL L S T S Q F ( B « C , N )
C L I N E A R LEAS T SQUARE F I T Y = A 2 * B 2 X
IF(U2.GE.0) ICC(L,J)=R*100*0.5
I F ( B2.L T . 0) I C C ( L , J ) = - ( R * 1 0 0 +0 . 5 )
3 CONTI NUE
5 0 C ONT I NUE
WRITE( 2 , 8 0 0 )
K2=2
HJ=3
2 0 0 M6=5
DO 1 0 K= M3 , M6
K2=K2*1
Kl=K-2
WRI T E ( 2 , 3 1 ) MI N E , NAME
S U M2 = 0
00 11 1 = 1 , N
SUM2=SUM2*0(K1,I)
11 C ( I ) = 0 ( K I , I )
I F ( S U M 2 . E Q . 0 ) GO TO 4 0
00 5 J = 3 , 1 0
S U M1 = 0
00 6 1 = 1 , N
S U N 1 = A ( J , I ) +SUM1
6 B(I)=A (J,I)
I F ( S U M l . E a . O ) GO TO 1 5
CALL L S T S Q F ( C , B , N )
Jl=J*2
WRI TE ( 2 , 3 4 ) I Q ( K l ) , 0 2 , I O A ( J l ) , A2
C C O R R E L A T I O N C O E F F I C I E N T I CC
I F ( 3 2 . LT.0) I C C ( K 2 , J ) = - (R*100*0.5)
IF (8 2 .G E .0 ) ICC(K2,J)=R*100*0.5
GO TO 5
15 ICS(K2.J)=0
5 C ONT I NUE
GO TO 10
40 00 41 J = l , 31
41 I C C ( K 2 , J ) =0
10 CONTI NUE
I F ( H 3 . E Q . 3 2 1 GO TO 2 0 1
M3 = 3 2
GO TO 2 0 0
201 CONT I NUE
V R I T E t 2 , 2 2 ) ROCK( KOUNT) , T YP E I KOUNT ) . M I N E . NAME f I C V d I , I C V ( 2 )
WRITE( 2 , 2 0 ) (10( I ) ,1=1.26),101(1),101(2)
J=0
00 60 K-1 , 2
WRITE( 2 . 2 o ) 1 0 1 ( K ) , ( I C C ( K , L ) , 1 = 1 , 2 8 )
60 CONTI NUE
W R I T E ! 2 , 2 2 ) ROCK ( KOUNT) . T Y P E I K O U N T ) . . MI NE, NAME , I C V ( 1 ) , I C V ( 2 )
WRITE(2,23) (I0A(K),K=1,8)
DO 3 2 J = 1 , 4
K=J + 2
I F ( J . E Q . 4 ) GO TO 2 0 5
WRITE( 2 , 2 4 ) 1 0 ( J ) , ( I C C ( K . I ) , 1 = 1 . 8 )
GO TO 3 2
205 WRITE( 2 , 2 4 ) 1 0 ( 3 0 ) , ( I C C ( K , I ) , 1 = 1 , 8 )
32 CONT I NUE
00100 K=l,6
I F ( K . E O . l ) M=28
I F ( K . G T . 2 ) M=10
00 101 J = 1 »H
IA=ICC(K,J)
I A 8 C = I A D S ( I A)
I F ( I A 0 C . L T . I C V ( 2 ) ) GO TO 1 0 3
I F ( I C C ( K . J ) . L T . O ) GO TO 1 0 2
I F ( I A B C , G E . I C V ( 1 ) ) I C C ( K » J ) =2H 1
I F ( I A B C .L T . I C V d ) . AH0.IABC.GE.ICV(2)) ICC(K ,J)=2H 2
GO TO 1 0 1
102 I F ( IAD C.LT.ICVl1 ) .AM0.TABC.GE.ICV(2)> ICCrfK,J)=2H-2
I F d A B C . G E . I C V ( 1 ) ) ICC ( K, J ) = 2 H - 1
GO TO 1 0 1
103 ICC( K,J)=2H •
101 CONT I NUE
100 C ON T I N UE
W R I T E ( 2 , 2 1 ) ROCK(KOUMT). TYPE(KOUMT). MINE, NAME
WRITE( 2 , 2 0 ) ( I D ( I ) ,1 = 1,26) , 1 0 1 ( 1 ) , 1 0 1 ( 2 )
DO 6 1 K = l , 2
WRITE( 2 , 2 7 ) 1 0 1 ( K ) , ( I C C ( K , L ) , 1 = 1 , 2 8 )
61 C ONT I NUE
W R I T E ( 2 , 2 1 ) R O C K ( K O U N T ) , T YPE ( KOUNT ) . MI NE, NAME
WRITE( 2 , 2 3 ) (10 A ( K ) , K=1 , 3 )
DO 3 3 J = 1 , 4
K=J»2
I F ( J . E Q . 4 ) GO TO 2 0 3
WRI TE I 2 , 2 8 ) I O U ) , ( I C C ( K , I ) , 1 = 1 , 8 )
GO TO 3 3
203 WRITE(2 , 2 8 ) 1 0 ( 3 0 ) , (IC C (K , I ) , 1 = 1 ,8 )
33 CONTI NUE
257
RETURN
20 F 0 R M A T ( 7 X S 2 6 C A 3 S 1 X ) , A 5 , I X , A 4 , 1X1
21 FORMAT( 1 H 1 , * TABLE . C O R R E LAT I ON C O E F F I C I E N T S OF * , 2 A 8 , » FROM '
1 » A10 * A A , / I
2 2 FORMAT 1 1 H I , ^ TABLE . C O R RE LAT I ON C O E F F I C I E N T S 1 X 1 0 0 ) OF * , 2 A 8 ,
1* FROM A 1 0 , A 3 , Z s l S X , * C R I T I C A L VALUE FOR 9 9 P ERCENT LEVEL OF CONF
2I0ENCE 1 2 , / , 1 3 X , ♦ C R I T I C A L VALUE FOR 9 5 P ER C E N T LEVEL OF C D N F I O E N
3CF « , 1 2 , / )
23 F O R M A T ( 7 X , 8 C A 3 , 1 X ) )
2A F O R M A T C 2 X , A 3 , 2 X , 3 ( T 3 , 6 X ) )
26 FORMATC2X,A5,2 6 ( 1 3 , I X ) , 1 3 , 3 X , 1 3 , IX )
27 F 0 R M A T C 2 X ,A 5 ,2 6 (A 3 ,1 X ),A 3 ,3 X ,A 3 ,1 X )
28 F 0 R M A T (2 X ,A 3 ,2 X ,3 (A3,6X1 )
3 0 FORMAT( 1 X , A 3 , ♦ = * , E 1 5 . 5 , 3 H *,A 3,» ♦
31 FORMAT( / , • L EAST SQUARE F I T L I N E A R E Q U A T I O N FOR * , 2 A 1 0 , / )
34 F O R M A T d X , A 3 , » = * , E 1 5 . 5 , 3 H t ♦,E 15.5)
8 0 0 FORMAT(1H1)
END
S U B R OUT I NE C O R C O E F ( O . N K t K O U N T t C V . I O )
I N T E G E R CC ( 3 1 , 3 1 ) » M I N E , N A M E , R O C K ( 2 ) , T Y P E ( 2 ) , I D ( 3 1 ) , C V ( 2 ) , N I C 2 )
REAL n < 3 1 , N K ) , N 1 ( 3 3 0 ) , N 2 ( 3 3 0 )
COMMON / A L T E R E / M I H E , N A M E , R O C K , T Y P E , M I , NI O
COMMON / R E N A T E / A 2 , i 3 2 , R , Q , S , T , K 1 Z R D G E R / B , C
KOUNT = KOUNT + l
N3 = NK
H=0
HRITE(2,900)
DO 1 0 K = 1 , 3 1
M=H + 1
SUM=0
W R I T E ( 2 , 3 1 ) MI NE , NAME
DO 7 0 0 L = 1 , N 3
H2(L)=D(K,L)
SUII=N2(L)+SUM
7 0 0 CONTI NUE
I F ( S U M , E Q . 0 ) GO TO 1 0 0
DO 1 5 J =M» 3 1
SUM1 = 0
DO 6 0 0 L = 1 , N 3
N1(L) = D U , L )
SUM1 =SUM1 +N1 ( L)
6 0 0 CONT I NUE
I F ( S U M 1 . E Q , 0 ) GO TO 1 7
CALL L S T S Q F O l l , N 2 , M 3 )
C L I N E A R L E A S T SQUARE F I T Y= A2 + B2 X
H R I T E ( 2 , 3 0 ) 1 9 ( K ) , 3 2 , I D ( J ) , A2
C CORRELATI ON C O E F F I C I E N T S
I F ( Q 2 « L T . 0 ) GO TO 6 0
CC(K,J)=R*100+0.5
GO TO 6 1
60 C C ( K , J ) = - ( R * 1 0 0 t 0 . 5 >
6 1 C ON T I N U E
IF(K.EO.J) CC(K,J)=100
C . P O L Y N O MI A L L EAS T SQUARE F I T Y = Q X * * 2 + S X + T
GO TO 1 5
17 C C ( K , J ) = 0
1 5 C ONT I NUE
GO TO 1 0
100 WRITE( 2 , 1 1 ) I O(K)
DO 1 J = 1 , 3 1
1 C C ( K , J )=0
1 0 CO N T I N U E
WRITE( 2 , 5 6 ) ROCKUCOUNT) ,TYPE( KOUNT) ,MI NE,NAME,CV( 1) ,CV( 2)
WRITE!2 , 2 0 ) ( 1 0 ( 1 ) , 1 = 1 , 3 1 )
M=32
DO 2 5 L = l , 3 1
h=M-l
W R I T E ( 2 , 2 6 ) i n ( M ) , ( C C ( I , M ) , 1 = 1 , H)
2 5 C ONT I NUE
00 104 < = 1 , 3 1
00 1 0 2 T = K , 31
I F ( C C ( K , I ) « L T . 0 ) GO TO 1 0 3
I F ( C C ( K , I ) , V T . C V ( 2 ) ) C C ( K , T ) =2H.
IF(CC(K,I).LT.CV (t).AM O.CC(K ,I).GE.CV(2)) CC(<,I)=2H 2
IF(CC(K, I ) .G E .C V ( l ) ) CC(K,I)=2H 1
GO TO 1 0 1
133 IA=CC(K, I)
IA0C=IA9S(IA)
I r (IAQC,LT.CV(2)) CC(K,I)=2H.
I F ( IAOC«L T . CV( t ) . A N D . I A B C . G E . C V ( 2 ) ) C C ( K , I ) = 2 H - 2
i r ( l A n C . G E . C V ( l ) ) C C ( K , I ) = 2 H- 1
101 CONTI NUE
102 CONTI NUE
104 CON TI NUE
V R I T E < 2 , 1 0 5 > ROC KCKO UNT) t T Y P E C K O U N T ) , H I N E t N A M E
H R I T F 1 2 i 2 0 ) (IOC I ) , 1 = 1 , 3 1 )
M=32
03 200 L = l , 3 1
M=M- 1
W RITE(2t27) I D ( H ) , CCCCItM ),I=1,M)
200 continue
RETURN
11 FORMAT ( / 1 2 X t # THE VALUES OF THE ARRAY * , A 3 , * ARE ALL EQUAL TO ZERO
!*,/>
20 FORMAT( 7X» 3 1 ( A 3 » I X ) )
26 F0RMATC2X,A312X1 3 1 C I 3 e l X I )
27 F O R M A T ( ? X , A 3 t 2 X e 3 1 C A 3 , 1X1 )
30 FORMATdX t A3,* = * , E 1 5 . 5 , 3 H * , A 3 ,E 1 5 « 5 )
31 FORMAT C / , * L EAS T SQUARE F I T L I N E A R EQUATI ON FOR * , 2 A 1 0 , / >
56 F O R M A T ( I N I , * TAOLE . C O R R E LAT I ON C O E F F I C I E N T S C X 1 0 0 ) OF * , 2 A 8 ,
1 * FROM * , A 1 0 , A 3 , / , 1 3 X 1 * C R I T I C A L VALUE FOR 9 9 PERCENT LEVEL OF CONF
2 I O E N C E * , I 2 * / f l 3 X , * C R I T I C A L VALUE FOR 9 5 P ER CE NT L EVEL OF C O N F I D E S
3 C V * tI2 ,/)
1 0 5 F O R M A T ( I N I , * TABLE . CORRELATI ON C O E F F I C I E N T S OF * , 2 A A , * r ROM
1 A 1 0 , A 3 , / , 1 2 X , * 1 = 9 9 PERCENT CO N FI D E N C E L E V E L * , 1 1 X , * 2 = 9 5 PERCENT
2 CON FI Of NCE L E V E L * , / )
8 0 0 FORMAT(1H11
END
260
S UBROUT I NE L S T S O F ( X , Y, NUH )
D I M E N S I O N XCNUMl , Y( NUH)
COMMON / R E N A T = V A 2 , 3 2 , R , C , 0 , A , K 1
PROGRAM L E AS T SQUARES BY VL S MI T H FEB 1 9 7 4 U OF. A R I Z
ooooo
M O D I F I E D BY R . P . L A I N E AUGUST 1 9 7 4
CALCULATES L I N E ( Y = A + S X ) ANO CURVE ( Y = A + 8 X + C X 2 ) FOR LEAST SQUARE
I NP UT C O ORDI NAT E S
S E T UP F I R S T NORMAL EQN MULT EACH EQN BY ( A ) COE F AND SUM
A2=0
02=0
R= 0
ACFA=NUM
AC F Q= 0
ACF C= 0
ACON=0« 0
0 0 3 0 . J = 1 » HU M
ACFB=ACF3tX(J>
ACFC=ACFC»X(J)**2
AC O N = A C O N + Y ( J )
30 CONT I NUE
o
S E T UP SECOND NORMAL EQN MULT EACH EQN BY ( B ) COEF AND SUM

BCON=0.0
DO 3 1 J=1,NUM
BCON=OCONtY(J)»X(J )
31 CONT I NUE
oo
S E T UP THI RD NORMAL EON MULT EACH EQN BY ( C i COEF AND SUM

S OLVE THE THREE NORMAL EQNS I N THREE UNKNOWNS
RFA=-ACFB/ ACFA
A2CFB=RFA*ACFB
A2 CON= RFA* ACON
E123=A2CFO+ACFC
E12Z=A2C0N+8C0N
C L I N E A R L E AS T SQUARE F I T Y= A+ 3 X
B2=E12Z / E 120
A 2 = ( AGON- ACFB* B2 1 / AGFA
C CAL CUL AT I ON OF C O R R E L AT I ON C O E F F I C I E N T R
SYSQ = 0 . 0
00 50 J=ltNUM
SYSQ = S Y S Q * Y ( J ) * Y ( J )
50 CONTI NUE
ARC=( ACFA*BCOH- ACFQ*ACON) **2
C 3 A = ( A C F A * A C F C - A C F B * A C F O ) * l ACFA^SYSQ- ACON»ACON)
RSO=ABC/ CBA
R=SQRT(RSQ)
RETURN
END
SU3R0UTINE C I O H O I ( N Q , S I 0 2 , A L 2 0 3 , K 2 0 , N A 2 0 . C f l O , H G 0 , F E 0 , F E 2 0 3 , T I 0 2 ,
1MN0,P205.C02,0IFIM,N)
I NTEGER N B ( N ) , R O C K ( 2 ) , T Y P E ( 2 ) , N l ( 2 )
REAL H N O ( N ) , M G O ( H ) , N A 2 0 ( M ) , K 2 0 ( N ) , I L ( 5 0 ) , H A G ( 5 0 )
D I ME N S I O N S T 0 2 ( N ) , A L 2 0 3 ( N ) , T I 0 2 ( M > , F E O ( N ) . C A O C N i , P 2 0 5 I N I , F E 2 0 3 I N )
1 A P C 5 C ) . O R ( G O ) . A O I G O ) , O L ( 5 0 ) , A N I 5 0 ) , COR ( 5 0 1 , MOL ( 5 0 ) •,
2EHSI50) .FERC50), D IO P (50).F O R S I50),FA Y ( 5 0 ) , 0 ( 5 0 ) ,HYP(50).TOTAL(50)
3P.UT ( 5 0 ) , HEM ( 5 0 ) , C A L ( 5 0 ) , C 0 2 ( N ) . O I F T N ( N )
COMMON / A L T E R E / M I N E , N A M E , R O C K , T Y P E , N l . N I D
DO 1 5 0 1 = 1 , N
C2=0.
C FORMATI ON OF A P A T I T E
I F ( C A O ( I ) . L T . 5 . * P 2 0 5 ( I ) / 3 . ) GO TO 4 1
A P ( I )= 0 . * P 2 O 5 ( I ) / 3 ,
C=CA0(I)-5.*P205(I)/3.
GO TO 2 3
41 A P ( I ) = 3 . * C A 0 ( I ) / 5 .
C=0.
P=P205(I)-3.*CAO(I)/5.
C FORMATI ON OF C A L C I T E
2 3 I F ( C . L E . C 0 2 ( I ) ) GO TO 2 5
CAL( I ) = 2 . * C 0 2 ( I )
C=C-C02 ( I )
GO TO 4 2
25 CAL(I)=2.*C
C2=C02(I)-C
c=o •
C F ORMATI ON OF I L H E N I T E
4 2 I F ( T I 0 2 ( I ) . G E . F E O ( I ) ) GO TO 4 3
IL(I)=2«*TI02(I)
F2=FEO(I)-TI02(I)
GO TO 4 4
43 I L ( I ) = 2 . *FEO(I)
RUT(I)=TI02(I)-FEO(I)
F2 = 0 .
4 4 CONT I NUE
F3=FE203(I)
I F ( F 3 / 2 . . G T . F 2 ) GO TO 6 0 1
C FORMATI ON OF MAGNETI TE
MAG(I)=3.*F3/2.
F2=F2-F3/2.
F3=0.
GO TO 6 0 2
601 M A G (I)= 3.*F 2
F3=F3-2.*F2
F2=0.
HEM(I) =F3
C FORMATI ON OF AL KAL I FELDSPARS
C ORTHOCLASE = 1 / 2 K 2 0 , 1 / 2 A L 2 0 3 , 3 S I 0 2 . TOTAL C A T I O N S = 5
C A L O I T E = 1 / 2 N A 2 0 , 1 / 2 A L 2 0 3 , 3 S I 0 2 . TOTAL C A T I O N S = 5
602 O R (I)= 5 .* K 2 0 (I)
AB( I ) = 5 . *NA2 0 m
SI=0.
S I = 3 , * ( K 2 0 ( I ) +-NA20 ( I ) )
A=AL203 ( I ) - ( K 2 0 ( I ) + N A 2 0 ( D )
I F ( 2 . * C . G E . A ) GO TO 4
C E X C E S S OF ALUMINUM FORMS AN OR T HI T E AND CORUNDUM
262
A N ( I ) = 5 . *C
SI = SI +2.*C
C0R(t)=A-C*2.
C=0 .
GO TO 2 0
C F ORMATI ON OF AMORTMTI TE AND MOL L AS T O NI T E BE CAUS E E X C E S S CACI UM OVER AL
4 AM(I)=5.»A/2.
SI=SI»A
C = C -A/2.
A= 0 .
20 W O L ( I I = 2 . * C
ENSCI)=2.vHGOm
FER(I)=2.»(F2*MNO(I))
HYP 1 1 ) = ENS ( I ) - t FER CI )
SI=SI+C+F2+MGO(I)+MNO(I)
D IO P (I)=0.
OL(II=0.
FAY( 1 1 = 0 .
F O R S ( I )= 0.
I F ( S I 0 2 ( I ) . G E . S I ) GO TO 1 2
C FORMAT I ON OF O I O P S I O E
OIOP(I)=2.*WOL(I)
X=HGO(I)/(F2tMNOm>
C FORMAT I ON OF O L I V I N E FROM E N S T A I T E AND F O R S T E R I T E . M 5 / F E I N PYROXENE
C O L I V I N E S I S THE SAME
MG= 0 .
FE=0.
MG=MG+WOL(I)*X/(l+X)
FE=FE(-WOL(I)/(lfX)
HOL( I ) = 0 «
HYP( I ) = 0 «
ENS( I ) = ENS( I)-MG
FER(I)=FER(I)-FE
FAY(I) = F E R (I)* 3 ./4 .
FORS(I)= 3 .* E N S (I> /4 .
OL(I>=PORS(I)*FAY(I)
SI=SI-(ENS(I)*FER(I))/4.
I F ( S I 0 2 ( I ) . G E . S I ) GO TO 1 2
S T OP / N O T ENOUGH S I L I C A I N C I P H *
12 Q ( I ) = S I 0 2 t I ) - S I
TOTAL(T) = A P ( I ) + I L ( I ) + O R ( I ) + A 8 ( I ) + A M ( I ) + H O L ( I ) » H Y P ( I ) + O I O P ( I ) +
1CL(I)♦Q (I)*COR(I)♦MAG(I)»HEM(I)+CAL(I)+RUT(I)+C2+P
0IFIN(I)=0R(I)+A3(I)+Q(U
1 5 0 C ONT I NUE
N=N1 ( 1 ) ♦ M l ( 2 )
JV=2
I F ( N 1 ( 2 ) . E O . O ) JV=1
I F < N 1 ( 2 ) . E O . O ) U R I T E 1 2 » 5 4 ) R OCK( 1 > , T Y P E 1 1 ) , MI NE , NAME
I F I N I ( 2 ) . M E . 0 ) W R I T E ( 2 i 5 6 ) ( R O C K ( I ) , T Y P E U ) , 1 = 1 , 2 ) , MI NE, NAME
1=0
00 61 J = 1 , J V
N=N1U)
DO 6 5 L = 1 , N
1 =1+1
WRI TE ( 2 , 5 5 ) H I O . U O m . Q C I ) , O R ( I ) , A 3 ( I ) , A N ( I ) , HYP ( I ) , WOL ( I > , AP 1 1 )
I f C O R d ) , I L ( I ) »RI)T I I ) , HEM ( I ) , HAG ( I ) , CAL ( I ) , O I O P ( I ) , OL 1 1 )
6 5 C ON T I N UE
263
WRITE( 2 ,7 1 % )
61 C ON T I N U E
IF(NLC2).EO.O) WRITE(2 »7) ROCK(l),TYPE(1).MINE,NAME
IF(N1(2) .NE.O) WRITE (2,77) (ROCKCD tTYPEU) ,1=1,2) »MINE, NAME
1=0
0 0 66 J = 1 , J V
N=N1(J)
00 62 L = 1 , N
1=1 + 1
WRI TE ( 2 , 6 0 ) NIO.NaCI) . O I F I N d ) , S I 0 2 ( I ) , A L 2 0 T ( I ) , K 2 0 ( T ) , N A 2 0 (I ) ,
ICAO(I) iHGOtl),FEO(I)
6 2 CO N T I N U E
WRITE( 2 , 7 1 8 )
6 6 CON T I N UE
RETURN
7 F ORMAT ( 1 U 1 , I X , + T A O L E . O I F E R E N T I A T I O N I ND E X OF » , 2 A @ , / ,
1 1 2 X , * FROM * , A I D , A 8 , / , 2 X ,
1*N0 01 SI02 AL2 0 3 K20 NA20 CAO MGO FEO*)
5 4 F O R MAT ( 1 H 1 , * TABLE . C I P W NORM OF * , 2 A 8 , * FROM * , A 1 0 , A 8 ,
1 + (MOLE P E R C E N T ) * , / ,
1 2 X , * N 0 * , 3 X , * O U A R T ORTHO A L B I T ANORT HYPER WOLLA APAT I CORUN* ,
2 1 X , * ILMEN*, I X , + R UT I L* , IX,*HEM MAG CAL OIOPSOLIVI*)
55 F O R M A T ( 2 X , A 2 , I 2 , 1 X , 1 5 ( F 5 , 2 , 1 X ) )
5 6 F ORMAT( 1 H 1 , I X , * T A B L E . C I P W N O R M' O F * , 2 A 8 , 7 H t A 9 0 V E ) , * AND * , 2 A 8
1 , 7 H ( B E L 0 W ) , / , 1 2 X , * FROM * , A 1 0 , A 8 , * < MOLE P E R C E N T ) * , / ,
2 2 X , * H 0 * , 3 X , * Q U A R T ORTHO A L B I T ANORT HYP E R WOLLA A P A T I CORUN* ,
11X,*IU1EN*,1X,*RUTIL*,1X,*HEM MAG CAL OIOPSOLIVI*)
60 FORMAT(2X,A2,I2,1X,8(F5.2,1X))
7 7 FORMA T ( l H l , t X , * T A 8 L E . O I F E P E N T I A T I O N I N D E X OF * , 2 A 8 , 7 H ( A B O V E ) ,
1 / , 1 2 X , * AND * , 2 A 8 , 7 H ( 3 E L 0 W ) , * FROM * , A 1 0 , A 8 , / , 2 X ,
1*N0 * 01 SI02 A L 2 0 3 K2 0 NA20 CAO MGO FEO*)
7 1 8 F ORMAT ( / )
END
S U 9 R 0 UT T N F A K F A C F ( N 9 , A L , K , H , C , M G , F E » M N , T , S , F 3 , N 0 )
I NT E GE R M! HNO) , R O C < ( 2 ) . T Y P E ( 2 )
REAL S (NO) ( N O ) . N (NO) , C ( N O ) . H G O O ) ♦ AL (NO) , HN ( NO) . T ( N O ) , FE ( NO)
1KA( 1C0 ) , F A ( 100), A P ( I O O ) , K P ( 100) , F P ( 100) t A A ( 1 0 0 ) , F 3 (NO)
COMMON / A L T E R E / M I N E . N A M E . R O C K . T Y P E . N 1 » NI O
COMMON Z A K C F / N A K C F . I C l
C CALCUL OE A . K . F ,
KM=0
Mi 0
L=0
0 0 2 1 1 = 1 , NO
L=l+L
F=FE(L)+MS(L)+MN(L)+T(L)-S(L)/2.
I F t F .L T .O .) F=0.
IF(NAKCF.EQ.l) F=FE(L)+HG(L)+MN(L)+T(L)
A=AL(L)-(K(L)+N(L)+C(L))
IF ( A . L T . 0 . ) A=0.
Y=F+A+K(L)
I F ( Y . E Q . 0 . ) GO TO 2 1
AA(L)= A/Y*100
KA(L)=K(L)*100/Y
F A ( L ) = F / Y * 100
2 1 CONTI NUE
I0=1HK
WRITEC2.1)
I F ( I C l . E O . l ) 5 0 TO 8 5
CALL T R I ( A A . K A . N O )
8 5 CONTI NUE
WRITE( 2 , 9 ) 10
IC=10H
I F ( R O C K ( 2 ) . E Q . I C ) GO TO 80
WRI TE ( 2 , 6 ) 1 0 , M I N E , N A ME , ( ROCK( I ) , T Y P E ( I ) , I = 1 , 2 )
GO TO 6 1
80 WR I TE ( 2 , 5 ) I D , M I N E , N A M E , R O C K ( l ) , T Y P E ( 1)
8 1 CONTI NUE
C CALCUL OE A C F
DO 2 6 1 = 1 , NO
H=l + M
F= FE ( M) +MN ( MH- MG( M) + T ( M ) - S ( M ) / 2 .
I F ( F . L T . O . ) F=0.
I F ( N A K C F . E O . l ) F=FE(M)+HG(M)+MN(MI+T(M)
A1=AL(M)+F3(M)-(K(M)*N(M))
I F ( A . L T . 0 . ) A=0•
Z=A1+C(M)+F
I F ( Z . E Q . O . ) GO TO 2 6
AP ( M) = A l / Z ' 1 0 0
FP(H)=F/Z*100
KP(M)=C(Ml*iOO/Z
2 6 CONTI NUE
265
1 3 = 1 HC
W RITrC2,l)
I F C I C l . E Q . i l GO TO 8 6
CALL T R I C A P , K P , N O )
86 CONTI NUE
W R IT EC 2, 9) ID
I F C R 0 C K C 2 ) . E Q . I C ) GO TO 8 3
WRI TE C2 , 6 ) 1 0 , M I N E , N A M E , C R O C K C I ) , T Y P E C 1 1 , 1 = 1 , 2 )
GO TO 8t*
83 WRITE C2 , 5 ) 1 0 , M I N E , N A M E , R O C K C 1 ) , TYPE C l )
84 CONTI NUE
I F C R O C K C 2 ) . N E . I C ) W R I T E C 2 , 3 2 ) M I N E , N A M F , C R O C K C l ) , TYPE C l ) , 1 = 1 , 2 )
I F C R 0 C K C 2 I . E Q . I C ) W R I T E ( 2 , 1 0 ) M I N E , N A M E , R 0 C K C 1 ) , TYPE C l )
DO 1 1 J - 1 , 2
N0=N1CJ)
0 0 2 0 1 = 1 , NO
KM= l f KM
W R I T E ( 2 , 1 0 0 ) N I O , N O C K M ) , AA CKM), KAC K M ) , F A C K M ) , A P C K M ) , K P C K M ) , - P C K M )
20 CONTI NUE
WRI TE C2 , 7 1 8 )
11 CONTI NUE
RETURN
1 F O R M A T ( 1 H 1 , 6 6 X , *&*)
5 FORMAT C / / , 1 6 X , # F I G . . A * , A 1 , * F DI AGRAM FOR * , 2 A 1 0 , * C♦ , 2 A 1 0 , * ) ♦ )
6 FORM ATC//,16X,*FIG. . A * , A 1 , * F DI AGRAM FOR * , 2 A 1 0 , * C * , 4 A 1 0 , * ) * )
9 F0RM AT(1X,15X,A1,101X,*F»)
10 F 0 R M A T C 1 H 1 , 1 X , *AKF AND ACF FOR ’ , A 1 0 , A 6 , 1 H C , 2 A 5 , 1 H ) ,
1 /,1 X ,^ N 0 * ,3 X ,^ A * ,6 X ,* K ',6 X ,» F » ,1 0 K ,* A * ,6 X ,* C * ,5 X ,* F * )
32 F O R M A T C 1 H 1 , I X , * A K F AND ACF FOR ♦ , A I D , A f t , 1 H C , 2 A 8 , I X , ♦ AND ♦ , 2 A 8 , 1 H ) ,
1 / , 1 X ,* N 3 * ,3 X ,* A » ,6 X ,* K * ,5 X ,» F * ,1 0 X , * A», 6X, * C * , 5X, * F * )
100 F 0 R M A T C 1 X ,A 2 ,I 2 ,1 X ,F 6 .2 ,1 X ,2 C F 5 .2 ,1 X ) ,5 X ,F 6 .2 , 1X,2CFG .2,1X ) 1
718 FORMAT C / / )
END
S UBROUT I NE T R I ( A , 3 » N )
INTEGER P O I N T S , P E R I O D , T E M P E R , B L A N K
D I M E N S I O N A ( N > , 0 I N ) , P O I N T S 1 5 1 , 1 0 l ) , NP OI MT ( 5 0 , 2 ) , L T P N T ( 9 )
DATA P E R I 0 0 / 1 M . / , 0 L A N K / 1 H / , L T P N T / 1 H * , 1 H 2 , 1 H 3 , 1 H 4 , 1 H 5 , 1 H 6 , 1 H 7 ,
11H8,1H9Z,TEMPER/IHt/
NWR I T = 2
DO 2 J = 1 , 5 0
DO 2 1 = 1 , 1 0 1
2 P O I N T S ( J . I ) = BLANK
DO 1 5 1 = 1 , 1 0 1 , 2
15 P OI NT S 1 5 1 , 1 ) = PERI OD
DO 1 2 1 = 1 , 1 0 1 , 1 0
1 2 P O I N T S 1 5 1 , 1 1 = TEMPER
00 3 1 = 2 ,5 0
K=52-T
L=50+I
P O I N T S ( I , K ) = PERIOD
3 P O I N T S ( I , L ) =PERIOO
P O I N T S ( 1 , 5 1 ) = TEMPER
DO 1 3 1 = 6 , 4 6 , 5
K=52 - I
L=50 ♦ I
P O I N T S 1 1 , K ) =TENPER
1 3 P O I N T S 1 1 , L) = TEMPER
DO 7 1 = 1 , N
X=A1I )
IF (Y .E O .O .O ) Y = 0 . 001
XLDC=1.00*X/2.
LOC=XLOC+.5
L0C=51-L0C
JLOC=-XLOS+10i.-l.*Yf,5
NPOINTII,!)=L0C
Nf>0INTlI,2)=JL0C
KOUNT=0
DO 6 J = 1 , I
I F ( N P O I N T 1J , 1 ) . E Q . L O C . A M O . N P O I N T ( J , 2 ) , E Q . J L O C ) K O U N T = K O U N T U
8 CONT I NUE
I F ( K O U MT , G T . 8 ) K 0 U N T = 9
P O I N T S 1 L O C , J L O O ) = L T P NT 1 KOU NT )
7 CONT I NUE
DO 4 M = 1 , 5 1
4 WRI TE 1N W R I T , 6 ) 1 P O I N T S ( H , U , L = l , 1 0 1 )
RETURN
6 FORMAT 1 / * , 1 6 X , 1 0 1 A 1 )
END
SUBROUTI NE A V S T O I A . N )
D I M E N S I O N AI M)
COMMON / M E A N / 9 , C
SUM=0
DO 1 1 = 1 , N
SUM=SUM»A( I )
1 C ONT I NUE
B= S U M/ N
X=0
DO 2 1 = 1 , U
X=XMA(I)-D)*»2
2 C ONT I NUE
C=SQRT(X/N)
RETURN
END
267
SUBROUTI NE QUSOl 0 , N 3 , M , N I
INTEGER P O I N T S ( 5 1 , 5 1 J , P E R I O O , B L A N < , T E N P E R « W ( 1 1 1 , N 3 ( N I , N O ( 5 3 1 , 1 0 ( 3
1 1 1 , KOUNT ( 5 0 1 , 5 ( 5 3 , 1 2 1 SL T ( 1 3 ) i l J K C S ) , Nt > OI NT ( 5 1 , 2 1 , R 0 C K ( 2 ) , T l f P E ( 2 1 ,
2 N 1 (2)
REAL 0 ( H , N ) , R ( 3 1 1
COMMON / A L T E R E / M I N E , N A M E , R O C K , T Y P E , N l , N I O
DATA P E R I 3 n / H , / , P L A N < / l H / , T E N P E R / 1 H * - / ,
IR /3»1. ,1 ., 2 » 2 ,5 ,5 .,? .5 ,3 * 5 .,2 M . , 2 .5 ,1 7 » 1 ./ ,
2 N 0 / 1 H 1 , 1 H 2 , 1 H 3 , 1 H 4 , 1 H 5 , 1 H 6 , 1 H 7 , 1 H 3 , I H ^ , 2 H 1 3 , 2 H 1 1 , 2 H 1 2 , 2 H 1 1 , 2M1 4 ,
32H15,2H1G,2H1 7 , 2 H ld , ?H19 , 2H20,2M 21, 2H 2 2 ,2 R 2 3 , 2H 24,2H 25,2H 26,2H 27,
4 2M 2d,2H 29,2H 13,2H 31,?H 32,2H 33,2H 34,2H 35,2H 36,2H 37,2H 38,2M 39, 2H40,
5 2 H 4 1 , 2 H A 2 , 2 H 4 1 , 2H4<*, 2 H 4 e; , 2 H 4 6 , 2 H A 7 , 2H4 0 , 2 H A S , 2 H 5 C Z , L T / 2 K ,2 H * ,2H
6 , 4 , 2 H V* , 2 R » - , ? H ^ V , 2 H - » , 2 H t , 2 H + + , 2 H - , 2 H — , 2 H f - , 2 H - t / ,
7 I 0 Z 3 H P 0 T , 3 H P M Y , 3 H A R G , 3 H S I • 3HAL , 3 H K , 3HCA , 3HNA , 3 N F f , 3 H 1 G ,
83HTI ,3HH , 3HS ,3 H FE 3, 3M MN , 3 H C J ,3HM0 , 3HP3 ,3HZN , 3 H N I , 3 H C R ,
93HV , 3HZR , 3 H 3 A , 3 H 1 E , 3 H S R , 3 H C L , 3 H F , 3H 0I , 3HFRH,3H0EN/
DO 5 1 J S = 4 , 1 4
R1=4*R(JSI
C FORMATI ON OF THE A X I S
DO 1 7 L N = 1 , 5 1
DO 1 7 1 = 1 , 5 1
P O I N T S ( L N , I 1 = OLANK
P 0 I N T S ( 2 r > , I 1 = PERIOD
17 P 0 I N T S ( L N , 1 1 = P E R I 0 D
c vertical axi s scale .
DO 1 8 1 = 1 , 5 1 , 5
P 0 I N T S ( ? 5 , I I = TE Np ER
1 8 P O I N T S ( 1 , 1 1 = TEMPER
DO 1 9 1 = 1 , N
L0C = 2 6 - D ( J S , I > * R ( J S H 0 . 5
1 F ( L 0 C . G E . 5 1 ) L0C =5 0
JL 0 C = D (3 l,Il/2 f0.5
I F ( J L O C .G T .5 11 JL 0C=51
N PO INT ( 1 , 1 ) =L03
NPOI NT ( 1 , 2 ) = J L O C
KOUNT( I ) = 0
DO 1 0 0 J = 1 , I
I F C N P O I M T C J , l ) . E Q e L O C . A N O . N P O I N T < J , 2 S . E Q . J L O C I GO TO 5 7
GO TO 1 0 0
57 KOUNT<I)=KOUNT<im
I F ( K O U N T C l ) « GT « 1 2 ) K O U N T ( I ) = 1 3
S ( I i K O U N T ( I ) ) = N3 CJ )
K=J-1
DO 1 0 1 L = 1 , K
i r ( N P O I N T ( L , l ) . E O . L O C . A N O . N P O I N T ( L , 2 ) . E Q . J L O C ) K O U N T C D =1
101 CON T I N UE
100 CONTI NUE
' I F C K O U N T ( I ) e G T . l ) GO TO 1 9 0
P O I N T S C L O G i J L O C ) = N O ( N O C l 1)
GO TO 1 9
190 K5=l+K5
I F ( K 5 . G E . 1 3 ) K5=13
POINTS ( LO G, J LO C) = LT ( K5 )
19 CONT I NUE
WRITE( 2 * 2 1 )
W R I T E ( 2» 2 2 ) T O ( J S )
WC6)=3H0
IJK(1)=100/R1
U K ( 2) =B 0 / R 1
I J K ( 3 ) =6Q/R1
IJKC 4 ) = 4 0 / R l
IJK(5)=20ZR1
OO 3 0 0 1 = 1 , 5
300 W( I ) = N O ( I J K ( I ) )
OO 3 0 1 1 = 1 , 5
MM=12- I
301 W( M M ) = W( I )
JM = 0
OO 3 8 1 = 1 , 6
JN=1+JM
WRI TE ( * 2 , 5 2 ) W ( I ) , ( ( P O I N T S ( J H , L N ) ) , L N = 1 , 5 1 )
OO 3 9 M N = 1 , 4
JM=lfJM
W R I T E ( 2 , 5 3 ) ( ( P O I N T S ( J M , L N ) ) , LN = 1 , 5 1 )
39 CONTI NUE
38 C ONT I NUE
OO 5 6 1 = 7 , 1 1
JM=1+JM
WRITE( 2 , 5 4 ) W ( I ) , ( ( P O I N T S ( J H , L N ) ) , LN= 1, 5 1 )
I F ( I ♦ E Q . 1 1 ) GO TO 5 6
OO 5 5 M N = 1 , 4
JM=1+JM
WRITE( 2 , 5 3 ) ( ( P O I N T S ( J M , L N ) ) , L N = 1 , 5 1 )
55 C ONT I NUE
56 CONTI NUE
JR=2
I F ( N 1 ( 2 ) . 5 Q , 0 ) JR=1
WRITE(2,14)
WRITE( 2 , 4 5 ) I D ( J S ) , M I NE ,N AM E,( ROC K( I) , T Y P E ( I ) , 1 = 1 , JR)
WRITE( 2 , 2 3 )
OO 2 7 1 = 1 , N
I F ( K O U N T ( I ) . E Q . 1) GO TO 2 7
KOU=KOUNT( I )
WRITE( 2 , 2 6 ) LT( K OU ), ( S ( I , J ) , J = 1 , K 3 U )
27 CONTI NUE
51 C ONT I NUE
RETURN
269
S UBROUT I NE Q U A 0 2 ( N B , A , E L E M E N T , N )
I NT E GE R P O I N T S ( 5 1 , 6 1 ) . . P E R I O D , BLAN< , T E MP E R , NDOI N T ( 5 1 , 2 ) , R 0 C K ( 2 ) , T Y P
1 E ( 2 ) ,S , H , N O ( 5 0 > ,Z ( 1 1 ) ,W2(6)
DI MENSI ON A ( N ) , E L E ME NT ( 7 , N l , N B ( N ) , S ( 5 0 , 1 2 ) , H ( 6 ) , L T ( 1 3 ) , K O U N T ( 5 0 ) ,
I N I (2)
COMMON / A L T E R E / M I N E , N A M E , R O C K , T Y P E , N l , N I O
DATA P E R I O D / 1 H . / , 0 L A N < / 1 H / , T E N P E R / 1 H + / , L T / 2 H ,2H* , 2 H * * , 2 1 » + ,
12H*-,2H +*,2H -*,2H + , 2H++,2H- ,2H— , 2 H + - , 2 H - + / ,
2 N 0 / 1 H I , 1 H 2 , 1 H 3 , 1 H 4 , 1 H 5 , 1 H 6 , 1H7 , 1 H 6, I H R , 2H1 3 , 2 H 1 1 , 2 H 1 2 , 2 H 1 3 , 2 H 1 4,
32H15, 2M 16,2H 17,2H 18,2H19,2H 20,2H 21,2rt22,2H23,2H24,2H25, 2H26,2H27,
4 2 H 2 3 , 2 H 2 9 , 2 M 3 0 , 2 H3 1 , 2 H 3 2 , 2 H 3 3 , 2 H 3 4 , 2 H 3 5 , 2H3 6 , 2 H 3 7 , 2 H 3 3 . 2H39, 2 H 4 0 ,
5 2 H 4 1 , 2 H 4 2 , 2 H 4 3 , 2 H 4 4 , 2 H 4 5 , 2 M 4 6 , 2 H 4 7 , 2 H 4 8 , 2 H 4 9 , 2 M 5 0 Z , Z / 5 H S I 0 2 , 5 HAL 2
6 0 3 , 5HK20 , 5 H N A 2 0 , 5 HCA0 ,5HFE0 , 5 H MG 0 ,5HCU , 5HM0 ,5HF
7,5UCL /
C THE ARRAYS W AND W2 ARE USED FOR S C A L I N G THE V E R I C A L A X I S
N=Nl(l)+N1I2)
00 80 J S = 1 , 7
00 10 1 = 1 , N
C S TORAGE OF THE L ARGE S T VALUE
IF(I.EO .l) B=ELEMENT U S , I )
I F ( I . E Q . l ) GO TO 1 0
I F ( E L E M E N T ( J S , I ) . G T . O ) B = E L E ME N T ( J S , 1 )
1 0 CONT I NUE
C E VAL UA T I ON OF THE S CAL E FACTOR
I F ( O . L E . C. 0 5 ) R = 1 0 3 0
I F ( B . L E . 0 . 1 . A N 3 . 3 . G T . 0 . 0 5 ) R=500
I F ( 3 . L E . 0 . 5 . A N 0 . 9 . G T . 0 . 1 ) R=100
I F ( 3 . L E . 1 . A N D . 3 . G T . 0 . 5 ) R=50
I F ( B . L E . 5 . A N 0 . B . G T . 1 . ) R=10
IF (B .G T .5 .A N 0 .3 .L E .1 0 ) R=5.0
IF (O.GT.IO.ANO.B.LE.25) R=2.0
IF (B .G T.25.A N 0.3.L E.501 R=1.0
IF (B .G E .5 0 ) R=0•5
R1=2*R
00 12 J = 1 , 5 0
DO 1 2 1 = 1 , 6 1
12 POINTS(J,I)=BLANK
00 121 J = 1 ,5 1
DO 1 2 1 1 = 1 , 6 1
P0INTS(51,I)=PERI0D
121 P 0 T N T S ( J ,1 ) = P E R I 9 D
C HOR I Z O NT AL A X I S
00 13 1 = 1 , 6 1 , 1 0
13 POI NT S( 5 1 , I)=TENPER
C VERTI CAL AXI S
00 14 1 = 1 , 5 1 , 1 0
1 4 POINTS ( I , l ) s T E N P E R
K5 = 0
00 15 1 = 1 , N
X=ELEHENT(JS,I)’ R
Y=A(I)
L0C = 5 t - X * - . 5
I F ( L 0 C . E 0 . 5 1 ) L0C=50
JLOC=101-Y+.5
I F (JLOC.GT.61) JL0C=61
N P O I N T ( 1 , 1 ) =LOC
NPOINT(I,2)=JL0C
KOUNT m - o
on t o o J = l , l
IF(HPOIHTCJfl)eEa.LOC.AHO.NPOINTtJf2)•EQ.JLOC) GO TO 5 4
GO TO 1 0 0
54 KOUMT(I)=<OUMT(I)H
IF(K 0UNTCI).G T.t2) K0UNTtI)=13
SlI»KOUMTCI))=NO(J)
K=J-1
DO 1 0 1 L = 1 , K
I F ( MPOINT(Lt l ) .E Q . L O C .A N O . N P O I N T C L t Z )• E Q .J L O C ) KOUNT(L)=l
101 CONTI NUE
100 CONTI NUE
I F ( K O U N T ( I ) . G T . 1 ) GO TO 1 5 0
POINTS(LOC,JLOC)=NOCNB(I))
GO TO 1 5
150 K5=K5U
I F ( K 5 . G E . 1 3 ) K5 = 1 J
POINTSdOCt JL0C)=LT(K5)
15 CONTI NUE
I F ( R . G E . 5 0 ) GO TO 4 0 0
N(1)=130/R1
W( 2 ) = 8 0 / R 1
W( 3 ) = 6 0 / R l
W(4)=40/R1
W( 5 ) = 2 0 / R 1
M C 6 ) =0
WRITE( 2 » 1 5 ) Z ( J S )
I- 0
00 3 0 6 L N = 1 , 6
1 = 1+ 1
WRITEC2t308) W (LN ),(P O IN T S C I, I J ) , I J = 1 * 6 1 )
I F ( L N . E 0 . 6 ) GO TO 3 0 6
00 30 5 MN=l t 9
1=1+1 *
WRI T E ( 2 . 2 9 9 ) ( P O I N T S ( I , I J ) , I J = 1 , 6 1 >
305 CONT I NUE
306 CONTI NUE
GO TO 4 0 1
400 W2(1)=1.E6/R1
W 2(2)=a.E5/Rl
W2( 3 ) = 6 • E 5 /R 1
W2( 4 ) =4« E 5 / R 1
W2 ( 5 ) = 2 . E 5 / R 1
W2(6) =0 •
H R I T E ( 2 1 16) Z ( J S )
1 =0
00 403 LN=1,6
1 = 1+ 1
W R I T E ( 2 , 4 0 4 ) W2CLN)f ( P O I N T S ( I , I J ) , I J = 1 , 6 1 )
I F ( L N . E O . 6 ) GO TO 4 0 3
0 0 4 0 5 MN=1 » 9
1=1 + 1
WRITE( 2 , 2 9 9 ) ( P O I N T S ( I , I J ) , I J = l , 61)
4 0 5 C ONT I NUE
4 0 3 CONTI NUE
4 3 1 I F ( N 1 ( 2 ) . E O . O ) GO TO 3
WRITE( 2 , 2 4 )
W R I T E ( 2 , 2 1 ) Z ( J S > , M I N E . N A M E , ( ROCK( I 1 , T Y P E ( I ) , 1 = 1 , 2 )
GO TO 2 8
8 WRITE( 2 , 2 4 )
271
t R I T E < 2 t 9 1 Z C J S ) , M I N E , N A M E i R O C K ( 1) • T Y P E C 1 I
26 CONTI NUE
WRITEC2 , 2 3 )
Of) 2 2 1 = 1 , N
I F C K O U N T ( I ) , E 0 . 1 ) GO TO 2 2
KOU-KOUNTCIl
V J R I U 1 2 , 2 6 ) L T C K O U ) , CS C l , J ) , J = l , KOU1
22 CONTI NUE
60 CONTI NUE
RETURN
9 F0RM A TC /,/,16X ,*FIG , • D I F F E R E N T I A T I O N I N D E X V S . * , A 5 , » FROM * ,
12410*/)
16 FORMATClHl,aX,A5)
21 FO°MAT C/ • / , 1 6 X * * F I G . . D I F F E R E N T I A T I O N I N D E X V S . ♦ , A 5 , » FROM * ,
12410,/)
23 F ORMAT( / , / , 2 5 X , * SYMBOL ♦ , 6 t 2 X , * N 0 M )
24 FORMAT C / , 1 I X , 3 K I O C , 1 6 X , 2 H 9 0 , 1 6 X , 2 H 8 0 , 1 6 X , 2 H 7 0 , 1 8 X , 2 H 6 0 , 1 6 X , 2 H 5 0 , 1 8
IX,2H40)
26 FORMATC27X,A2,SX,1 2 , 1 1 C2X,1 2 ) )
299 FORMAT C 1 2 X , 6 1 A 2 1
308 FORM AT(7X,IHf, 1 3 , IX ,6 1 A 2 )
404 FORMAT C S X , I H t , 1 5 , I X , 6 1 A2)
END
272
PROGRAM L A S T ( I N P U T , O U T P U T , T A P E 1 = I N P U T , TAPE 2 = O U T P U T , P U N C H , T
1 APE 3 = PUNCH)
I NTEGER C C ( 3 1 , 3 1 ) . M I N E ( 1 5 ) , NAME! 1 5 ) . T Y P E ( 1 5 ) , ROCK( 1 5 ) , N O ( 3 3 0 ) , 1 0 ( 3
1 1 ) , N ( 1 5 ) , N F ( 1 5 I . C O U N T E R ! ( 1 5 ) , C V ( 2 ) , MX( 2 )
REAL 0 ( 3 1 , 3 3 0 1 , H I ( 3 3 0 ) , N 2 ( 3 3 0 ) , A V ( 3 1 , 1 5 ) , S O ( 3 1 , 1 5 ) , A ( 5 0 ) , C U M 0 R ( 1 5 >
1 , MO C U R ( 1 5 )
COMMON / R E N A T E / A 2 , 0 2 , R , Q , S , T , K 1 .
COMMON / A L T F R E / M I N E , N A M E , R O C K . T Y P E . M K . N I O
COMMON / M E A N / O , C
UATA I 0 / 3 H P 0 T , 3 H P H Y , 3 H A R G , 3 H S I , 3 H A L , 3 H K , 3 H C A , 3HNA , 3HFE , 3HHG
1 , 3 MT I , 3HH , 3HS , 3HFE3,3HHN , 3 H C U , 3 HMO , ^ HPQ , 3 H Z N , 3 H N I , 3 H C R
2 , 3HV , 3 H Z R , 3H. 3A , 3 HOE , 3 H S R ,3HCL ,3HF , 3 H OI ,3HFRH,3HOEN/
C I F I CON FOUAL 1 NO CARO OF F R E S H ROCKS ARE PUNCHED
C I C V C ON T A I NS THE C R I T I C A L VALUES OF C O R R E L A T I O N C O E F F I C I E N T S
READ ( 1 , 4 9 2 ) ( C V ( I ) , 1 = 1 , 2 ) . I C O N
NKI=2
KOUNT=0
COUNT = 0
M=0
1= 0
900 R E A D ( 1 , 2 4 ) KN
I F ( E O F ( 1 ) . N E . 0 ) GO TO 9 0 1
I F ( K O U N T . G E . l ) GO TO 7 1
I F ( K M . E Q . l ) NKI = 1
71 C ONT I NUE
KOUNT=KOUNT+1
R E A D ( 1 , 1 ) M I N E ( K O U N T ) , N A ME ( K O U N T ) , N ( K O U N T ) , ROCK ( KOUNT) . TYPE( KOUNT
1 ) , N F ( KOUNT)
N3 =N( KOUNT)
K5=0
00 800 L=1,N3
1=1 + 1
I F ( N K I • E Q . 1 ) GO TO 7 2
READ ( 1 , 2 ) N 0(I), (0(J,I),J=1,29)
GO TO 7 4
72 READ( 1 , 7 3 ) NO( 1 ) , ( 0 ( J , I ) , J = l , 2 9 ) , 0 ( 3 1 , I )
0(30,I)=100-(0(l,I)+0(2,I)+D (3,I))
I F d C O N . E O . l ) GO TO 4 9 3
I F ( O ( 3 0 , I I . G T . 7 5 ) K5=K5+1
I F ( 0 ( 3 0 , 1 ) , G T ,75) PUNCH 7 3 , N 3 ( I ) , ( 0 ( J , I T , J = l , 2 9 ) , 0 ( 3 1 , 1 1
493 CONT I NUE
00 70 J = 4 , 28
0(J,I)= 0(J,I)*0(31,I)
70 CONT I NUE
74 C ONT I NUE
I F ( NO{ I ) . E Q . N F ( K O U N T ) ) R 1 ( K O U N T ) = 1
800 CONT I NUE
I P ( K 5 . N E . 0 ) PUNCH 1 , MI NE( KOUNT > . NAME( KOUNT) , K 5 , R O C K ( K O U N T ) , T Y P E ( K
1 0 U N T ) , NF ( KOUNT )
Ml =M+l
M=M+H( KOUNT)
M2=M
0 0 4 0 J = l , 30
11=0
0 0 4 1 L=M1 , M2
11=11+1
A(II)=0(J,L)
4 1 CONTI NUE
CALL A V S T 0 ( A , N 3 )
AV U t K O U N T ) = 0
SO(J,KOUNT)=C
40 C ONT I NUE
GO TO 9 0 0
901 C ONT I NUE
W R I T E ! 2 i 17) ( 1 0 ( 1 ) , 1 = 1 , 1 6 )
00 16 I=t,KOUNT
W R I T E ( E , 9 ) MI NE( I ) , N A M E ( I ) , R O C K ( I ) , T Y P E ( I ) , ( A V ( J , I ) , J = 1 , 1 6 )
16 CONT I NUE
WRITE(2 , 1 7 ) (10(1),1=1,16)
0 0 2 2 1 = 1 , KOUNT
WRITE( 2 , 9 ) M I N E ( I ) .N A M E ( I ) . R O C K ( I ) . T Y P E ( I ) , ( S 0 ( J , I ) , J = l , 1 6 )
22 C ON T I N U E
WRITE( 2 , 1 9 ) (10(11,1=17,30)
Of) 1 8 1 = 1 , KOUNT
W R I T E ( 2 , 2 1 ) M I N E ( I ) t N A M E ( I ) , R O C K ( 1 ) , T Y P E ( I ) , ( AV ( J , I ) , J = 1 7 , 3 ) )
18 C ONT I NUE
WRITE( 2 , 1 9 ) (10(1),1=17,30)
0 3 2 3 1 = 1 , KOUNT
WRITE!2 , 2 1 ) M I N E ( I ) . N A M E ( I ) .R O C K ( I ) , T Y P E ( I ) , ( S O ( J , I ) , J=17,38>
23 C ONT I NUE
DO 3 3 1 = 1 , KOUNT
E= AV 11 6 , I ) * A V ( 1 7 , 1 )
CUHOR( I ) = AV( 1 6 • I ) 7E
MOCUR(I)=AV(17, I ) / E
33 C ONT I NUE
WRITE( 2 , 3 2 )
0 0 2 9 1 = 1 , KOUNT
WRI TE ( 2 , 2 3 ) MI NE ( I ) . NAME ( I ) , C U MO R ( I > . M O C U R d )
29 C ONT I NUE
K9=0
N3 = H
CALL R A T I O S ( O . N 3 , I O , K O , C V )
1000 M3=31
M6 = 4
1001 COUNT=COUNTH
I F ( C O U N T . E Q . 3) M6 = 3 0
I F ( C O U N T , E Q . 2) MT = 3
I F ( C O U N T . E O . 2 ) M6=t
H=0
0 0 1 0 K = M6 , M3
M=M»1
SUM=0
WRITE(2,31)
00 700 L =1 ,N 3
N2(L)=0(K,L)
SUM=N2(L)»SUM
7 0 0 CO N T I N U E
I F ( S U M . E n . O ) GO TO 1 0 0
0 3 1 5 J = M , 31
SUM1 = 0
00 600 L=1,N3
HI ( L ) = 0 ( J , L )
S U H l = SUMl f - Ml ( L )
600 CONT I NUE
I F ( S U M 1 . E Q . 0 ) GO TO 1 5
CALL L S T S Q F ( N t , M 2 , M 3 )
C L I N E A R L E A S T SQUARE F I T Y = A 2 + 3 2 X
WRITE( 2 , 3 0 ) I 9 ( K ) , 9 2 , I ' J ( J ) , A 2
C CORRELATION C O E F F IC IE N T S
T F ( O Z . L T . O ) GO TO 6 0
C C (K tJ l= R , 1 0 0 t0 .5
GO TO 61
60 C C (K , J ) = - ( R*100+0 . S )
61 CONTINUE
C P O L Y N O M I A L L E A S T SQUARE F I T Y = Q X * * 2 * S X * T
15 CONTINUE
GO TO 10
100 W R I T E ( 2 i 11) 1 0 (K )
10 C O N T IN U E
I F ( C O U N T . E Q . 2 ) GO TO 4 0 0
M4 = 0
00 5 0 K = liK O U N T
M5=M4+1
M'+=M4+N(K)
DO 5 1 J = 4 , 2 8
00 5 2 I = H 5 , M 4
I F d . E O . R K K ) ) GO TO 5 2
0 (J ,I)= 0 (J ,I)-0 (J ,R 1 (K ))
52 CONTINUE
O (J ,R l(K > > = 0
51 CONTINUE
50 CONTINUE
400 CONTINUE
I F C C O U N T . L T . 3 ) GO TO 1 0 0 1
W R I T E ( 2 » 3) N 3 , C V ( 1 ) t C V ( 2 1
W R ITE( 2 * 2 0 ) ( 1 0 ( 1 1 , 1 = 1 , 3 1 )
M= 3 2
0 0 2 5 L = l , 31
H=M-1
W R I T E ( 2 , 2 6 ) I O ( M ) , ( C C ( I , H ) , 1 = 1 , M)
25 CONTINUE
00 104 K = l , 3 1
00 102 I = K, 3 1
I F ( C C ( K , I ) . L T . 0 ) GO TO 1 0 3
IF C C C IK ,I).L T .C V (2 )) C C (R ,I)= 2H .
I F ( C C ( K , I ) . L T . C V ( 1 ) . A N 0 . C C ( K , I ) . G E . C V ( 2 ) 1 C C ( K , I ) = 2H 2
IF ( C C ( K ,I) .G E .C V ( l) ) C C (X ,I)= 2H 1
GO TO 1 0 1
103 IA=C CCK,I>
IA O C =IA B S (IA )
I F ( IA R C ,L I.0 7 (2 )1 C C (K ,I)= 2 H .
I F d A R C . L T . C V ( 1 ) . A N D . I A B C . G E . C V ( 2 ) ) CC ( K , I ) = 2 H - 2
IF (IA O C .G E .C V C l)) C C (K ,I)= 2 H -1
101 CONTINUE
102 CONTINUE
104 CONTINUE
W RITE( 2 ,1 0 5 ) N3
WRITE ( 2 , 2 0 ) ( 1 0 ( 1 1 , 1 = 1 , 3 1 )
M=32
DO 2 0 0 L = 1 , 3 1
H=M-1
WRITE ( 2 , 2 7 ) 1 0 ( H ) , ( C C d . M ) , I = 1 , M )
200 CONTINUE
STOP
275
1 FORMAT ( A 1 0 , A f t , 2 X , 1 2 , 2 A 8 , t » X , 1 2 )
2 F O R M A T ( I 2 , 3 F 6 . 2 , 1 0 F 5 . 2 , / , F 5 . 2 , 2 F 5 . 3 , 1 1 F 5 . 4 , F 5 . 3 , F 5 .21
3 F O R M A T ( 1 H 1 , * T AOL E . C O R R E L A T I O N C O E F F I C I E N T S FOR * , I 3 , * S A M P L E
I S * , / , 1 2 X , * C R I T I C A L V A L U E FOR 9 9 P E R C E N T L E V E L OF C O N F I D E N C E * , I 2 ,
2 / . 1 2 X , * C R I T I C A L V A L U E FOR 9 5 PERCENT L E V E L OF C O N F I D E N C E 1 2 ,/)
9 F O R M AT(1X,2A10, t X , A l 0 , A f l , l X , l M F 5 . 2 , l X > , 2 ( F 5 . 3 , 1 X ) 1
1 1 F O R M A T < 2 X , * THE V A L U E S OF THE ARRAY * , A 3 , * ARE A L L EQUAL TO Z E R O * ,
1/)
17 F0R M A T (1H 1,<«IX ,16(A 3,3X ))
19 F O R M A T (1 H 1.41 X ,1 4 ( A 3 , 3 X ))
20 F 0 R M A T ( 7 X , 3 1 ( A 3 , 1 X ) )
21 F O R M A T ( 1 X , 2 A 1 0 , 1 X , A 1 0 , A 3 , 1 X , 1 1 ( F 5 . 4 , 1 X ) , F 5 . 3 , F 5 . 2 , F 5 . 2 )
24 FORMAT( 1 2 )
26 FORMAT(2X,A 3 , I X , 3 1 ( 1 3 , I X ) )
2 7 FORMAT ( 2 X , A 3 , 2 X . 3 K A 3 , I X ) )
26 F O R M A T (IX ,? A 1 0 ,2 X ,F 3 .3 ,9 X ,F A .3 )
30 F O R M A T ( I X , A 3 , * - * , E 1 5 . S , 3 H *,A 3 ,* ♦ *,E 1 5 .5 )
3 1 F O R M A T ( 1 H 1 , * L E A S T SQUARE F I T L I N E A R E Q U A T I O N * )
32 F O R M A T (1 M 1 ,1 X ,*M IM E *,1 8 X ,* C U S /(C U S tH 0 S 2 )* , 3X ,*M O S 2/(M O S 2 +C U 3)*)
73 F O R M A T (I2 ,3 F 6 .2 ,1 0 F 5 .2 ,/,F 5 .2 ,2 F 5 .3 ,1 1 F 5 .4 ,F 5 .3 ,F 5 .2 ,/,F 4 .2 )
105 FO R M AT(1H 1,IX,*TAO LE . C O R R E L A T I O N C O E F F I C I E N T S FOR * , I 3 , * S A H P L
1FS*, / )
4 9 2 FORMAT( 3 1 2 )
END
276
S ' J i R O t I T I U E R A T I O S 10 * N * T O * K O U M T , I C V )
I N T E G E R R O C K U S ) . T Y P E ( 1 5 ) . M l ( 2 ) , M I N E ( 1 5 ) .NAME ( 1 5 )
DIMENSION 0 ( 3 1 . N ) . A ( 1 3 .3 3 0 > , 1 0 ( 3 1 ) . B ( 3 3 0 ) , C ( 3 3 0 ) , 1 0 A ( 1 0 ) , 1 0 0 ( 1 5 , 3 1
l ) , I C V ( 2 ) , 101(2)
C0"M0M / A L T E R t / M I N E , N A M E , R O C K , T Y P E . N l . N I O
COMMON / R E N A T E / A 2 , l ) 2 , R , E , S , T , K l
DATA I 0 A / 7 H K / S R r 3 A , 7 H V / C R * M I , 5 H 0 A / T I . a H 3 E / S R > B A , « . H 3 E / K , 5 H ' 3 E / N A ,
lA M F /C L ,8 H M 2 0 /F tC L /,I0 1 /5 H C L , »2,4H F**2Z
KOUNT=KOUNTH
00 1 1 = 1 , N
A (1 ,I)= 0 (2 7 ,I)**2
A (2 ,I)= 0 (2 fl,I)» *2
A (3 ,I)= 0 (5 ,I)/(0 (2 6 ,I)tO (2 4 ,I))
A( 4 , I ) = 0 ( 2 2 , 1 ) / ( 0 ( 2 1 , 1 ) * 0 ( 2 0 , 1 ) )
A (5 ,I)= 0 (2 4 ,I)/0 (1 1 ,I)
A (6 ,T )= 0 (2 5 ,I ) / (0 (2 6 ,I ) *0 (2 4 ,I) )
A (7 ,1 )= 0 ( 2 5 . D / 0 (6,1)
A (S ,I)= 0 (2 5 ,I)/0 (fl,I)
A (q ,I)= 0 (2 8 ,I)/0 (2 7 ,I)
A (1 0 ,I ) = 0 (1 2 ,I ) / (0 (2 3 ,1 )*0 (2 7 ,1 ))
1 CONTINUE
00 5 0 1 = 1 , 2
00 2 1 = 1 , N
2 D ( I ) = A.(L»I)
00 3 J = 1 ,2 8
SUM1 =0
00 4 1 = 1 , N
S U M 1=S U M 1*0(J,I)
4 C (I)= 0 (J ,I)
I F ( S U M 1 . E Q . 0 ) GO TO 3
C A L L L S T S O F ( 0 , C , N)
C L I N E A R L E A S T SQUARE F I T Y = 4 2 * B 2 X
IF(O S .G E .O ) IC C (L ,J )= R * 1 0 0 * 0 .5
I F ( ( 3 2 , L T . 0 ) I CC ( L , J ) = - ( R * 1 0 0 * 0 . 5 )
3 CONTINUE
50 CONTINUE
K2=2
M3 = 3
20 0 M6=5
0 0 10 K = M 3 , M 6
K2=K2*1
K l= K -2
W RITE( 2 , 3 1 )
S'JM2=0
00 11 1 = 1 , M
SUM2=SUM2*0(K1 , I )
11 C ( I ) = 0 ( K l , I )
I F ( S U M 2 . E Q . 0 ) GO TO 4 0
00 5 J = 3 , 10
SUM1=0
00 6 1 = 1 , N
SUM1 = A ( J , I ) * S U M 1
6
0 (I)= A (J ,I)
I F ( S U M l . E D . O ) GO TO 1 5
CALL L S T S O F ( C , 3 , N )
J l= J -2
W RITE( 2 , 3 4 ) I 0 ( K t ) , 0 2 , IO A (J l) , A 2
C CORR ELATION C O E F F I C I E N T ICC
I F ( 0 2 • L T «0) I C C ( K 2 , J ) = - ( R * 1 0 0 * 0 . 5 )
IF (3 2 .G E .3 ) IC C (K 2, J)= R »1 00*0 .5
GO TO 5
15 IC C C K 2,J)=0
5 CONTINUE
CO TO 1 0
40 00 41 J = l * 31
41 I C C ( K 2 »J ) =0
10 CONTINUE
I F ( M 3 . E 0 . 3 2 ) GO TO 2 0 1
H3 = 3 2
GO TO 2 0 0
201 CONTINUE
W R ITE (2,21) N ,IC V C l),IC V t2 )
W RITE( 2 , 2 0 ) ( I D ( I ) ,1 = 1 , 2 6 ) , 1 0 1 ( 1 ) , 1 0 1 ( 2 )
J= 0
DO 6 0 K = l , 2
W RITE( 2 , 2 6 ) I O K K ) , ( I C C ( K , L ) , L = 1 , 2 8 )
60 CONTINUE
W RITE( 2 , 2 1 ) N .IC V (l),IC V (2 )
W R ITE (2,23) (IO A (K ),K = 1,8)
00 32 J = l , 4
K=J + 2
I F ( J . E 0 . 4 ) GO TO 2 0 5
W RITE( 2 , 2 4 ) 1 0 ( J ) , ( I C C ( K , I ) , 1 = 1 , 8 )
GO TO 3 2
205 W RITE( 2 , 2 4 ) 1 0 ( 3 0 ) , ( I C C ( K , I ) , 1 = 1 , 8 )
32 CONTINUE
00100 K = l,6
IF (K .E O .l) H=28
I F ( K , G T . 2 ) M= 1 0
DO 1 0 1 J = 1 , H
IA =IC C (K ,J )
I A O C = I A B S ( I A)
IF (IA B C .L T .IC V (2 )) GO TO 1 0 3
I F ( I C C ( K , J ) . L T . 0 ) GO TO 1 0 2
IF ( IA B C .L T .IC V ( 1 ) . A N 0 .IA B C .G E .IC V (2 )) IC C (K ,J)= 2H 2
I F ( I ABC,GE • I C V ( 1 ) ) T C C (K ,J)=2H 1
GO TO 1 0 1
102 IF ( l A B C . L T . I C V d ) . AM O .IABC.G E. 1 0 7 ( 2 ) ) ICC ( K , J ) = 2 H - 2
IF (lA O C .G E .IC V (l)) T C C (K ,J)=2H -1
GO TO 1C1
103 IC C (K ,J)= 2H .
101 CONTINUE
100 CONTINUE
W R ITE (2,22) N
W RITE( 2 , 2 0 ) (1 0 ( I ) , 1 = 1 ,2 6 ),1 0 1 (1 ),1 0 1 (2 )
DO 6 1 K = l , 2
WRITE ( 2 , 2 7 ) 101 ( K ) , (IC C ( K , U , 1 = 1 , 2 8 )
61 CONTINUE
W R ITE (2 ,2 2) N
W RITE( 2 , 2 3 ) (IO A (K > ,K = 1 ,8 )
DO 3 3 J = 1 , 4
K=J+2
I E ( J . E Q . A ) GO TO 2 0 3
W RITE( 2 , 2 8 ) I O ( J ) , ( IC C ( K ,I) ,1= 1 ,8 )
GO TO 3 3
203 W RITE( 2 , 2 8 ) 1 0 ( 3 0 ) , ( I C C ( K , I ) , 1 = 1 , 8 )
33 CONTINUE
RET URN
278
20 FORMAT(7Xt 2 6 ( A 3 t l X ) , A 5 , 1 X , A 4 , 1 X )
21 FORMAT( 1 H 1 • * TABLE . CORRELATION COEFFICIENTS (X100) FOR * . I 3 , *
1 SAMPLES * ,/,1 2 X ,'C R IT IC A L VALUE FOR 09 PERCENT LEVEL OF CO N -IO FN CE
2 *tI? « /« 1 2 X » *C R IT IC A L VAL UE FOR 95 PERCENT LEVEL OF CONFIDENCE * ,I
3 2 ,/)
22 FORMAT( I H 1 , * TABLE . CORRELATION COEFFICIENTS OF * , 1 3 , * SAMPLES
l*,/)
23 FORMAT ( 7 X , 9 l A f ) , I X ) )
24 F 0R M A T (2X ,A 3 ,2 X ,9 C I3,6X ))
26 F 0 R M A T (2 X ,A 5 ,2 6 (I3 ,1 X ), 1 3 , 3 X ,I3 ,1 X )
27 FORMAT( 2 X , A 5 , 2 5 ( A 3 , I X ) , A 3 , 3 X , A 3 , 1 X )
28 FORMAT(2X,A 3 , 2 X , 8 ( A 3 , 6 X ) )
30 FO R M A T(IX ,A 3 ,* = * ,E 1 5 .5 ,3 H *,A 1 ,* ♦ *,E 1 5.5)
31 F O R M A T ( 1 H 1 , * L E A S T SQUARE F I T L I N E A R E Q U A T I O N * )
34 FOR M AT(IX,A 3 ,* = * , E 1 5 . 5 , 3 H * , A 8 ,* + *,E 15.5>
END
PROGRAM M I N G O M P ( I N P U T . O U T P U T , P U N C H , T A P F 1 = I N P U T , T A P E 2 - O U T P U T ,
1 T A P E 3 = PUNCH)
I N T E G E R R O C K ( 2 ) , T Y P E T 2 ) , N t 2 ) , N F ( 2 1 , N9 C 5 0 ) , R C 2 )
REAL K S P ( 5 0 ) , K S P 2 ( 5 0 ) . M O N T ( 5 0 1 , L E U C O ( 5 0 ) , M A G ( 5 0 ) , M O S 2 ( 5 0 1 , O T Z ( 5 0 ) ,
1 0 T Z 2 ( 5 0 ) , P L A G ( 5 0 ) , n t ( 5 0 ) , 0 1 2 ( 5 0 ) , ACT( 5 0 ,S E R ( 5 0 ) ,K A O L( 5 0 ) ,C H L ( 5 0 ) ,
2 E P I ( 5 0 ) , C A L ( 5 0 ) , HEN(5 0 ) , A P ( 5 0 ) , P Y ( 5 0 1 , C P Y 1 5 0 ) , C C ( 5 0 ) , ON( 5 3 1 , A L U N (5
3 0 ) , S P H ( 5 0 ) , TOUR( 5 3 )
TO=11HOEPOSIT
m 530 1 = 1 ,2 0
5 0 0 W R I T E ( 2 , 5 0 1 ) TO
501 F O R M A T ! I X ,A 1 3 )
READ ( 1 , 9 9 ) N20
00 4 K =1,N 20
R E A O d , 1) M I N E , N A M E , ( R O C K ( I ) , T Y P E ( I ) , 1 = 1 , 2 ) , ( N ( I ) , 1 = 1 , 2 ) , N 0 F M ,
1 ( NF( I ) , 1 = 1 , 2 ) »N I0
JS=2
IF T N (2 ).E O .O ) JS=1
M =M (1)+N (2)
DO 2 5 L = 1 , M
Q TZ(L)= 0
O T Z 2 ( L )=0
K S P (L)=0
KSP2(L)=0
B I ( L ) =0
B I2(L )= 0
P L A G ( L ) =0
ACT(L) = 0
SER(L)=0
MOMT(L)=0
K A O L ( L ) =0
CHL(L)=0
CAL(L) = 0
E P I(L1=0
LE U C O tL)=0
M AG(L)=0
HEM (L)=0
S P H (L)=0
A P ( L ) =0
TOUR(L)=0
P Y ( L ) =0
C P Y ( L ) =0
C C < L )=0
B N T L ) =9
M 0S2(L)=Q
25 CONTINUE
GO TO ( 7 , 8 , 9 ) , NOFM
7 I F ( N ( 2 ) . E O . l ? ) W R I T E ( 2 , 6 ) ROCK ( 1 ) , T Y P E ( l ) . M I N E , N A M E
IF (M (2 ).N F .O ) W R ITE (2,20 ) ( R O C K ( I ) , T Y O E ( I ) , 1 = 1 , 2 ) , M I N E , NAME
W R IT E (2 ,2 1)
1 =0
00 50 J = 1 , J S
M =N( J)
DO 5 L = 1 , M
1 = 1+ 1
R E A O d , 2 ) MO ( I ) , Q T Z ( I ) , < S P ( I ) , P L A C I D , 0 1 ( I ) , ACT ( I ) , K S ° 2 ( 1 1 , 8 1 2 ( 1 ) ,
I S E R I T ) , MOHT ( I ) , K A O L ( I ) , C H L ( I ) , C A H D , E P I ( I ) . L E U C O ( I ) . M A C ( I ) , HEM ( I )
2 , SPHI I ) , A P ( I ) , T O U R ( I ) , P Y ( I ) , C ° Y ( I ) , C C < T ) , 0 T Z 2 ( I ) , M 0 S 2 ( T )
bi ( I ) = n i ( i i t n i 2 ( i *
k s °{ i ) = K S P m t K S P a t n
otz ( n = Q T Z ( i ) t a r z a t i ) .
wr i t e 12 i N i o . H n m . o T z m . K S P d i t P L a G m , r t m . act m ,
I S E P d l . H O M T d ) i K A O L ( I ) , C H l . ( I ) , C A L 1 I ) , E P I ( I ) , L F . U C O d ) , HAG 11) , HEH ( 11
2 * AP d ) * PY ( I I , C P Y ( I ) , C C ( I ) . H O S Z I I ) » S P H ( I I . T O U R d l
5 CONTINUE
H R ITE C 2.90)
50 CONTINUE
GO TO 26
8 I F ( N ( 2 ) .EO. O) WRI TE( 2, 6I ROCK( 1 ) . TYPE( 1 ) , MINE,NAME
I F ( NI 2 ) . ME. 01 WRITE( 2 . 2 0 ) (ROCK(I ) . T Y P E ( I ) . 1 = 1 . 2 ) «HINE,NAME
HRITE(2, 22I
1=0
DO 60 J = 1 , J S
H=N(J)
DO 13 L=1,M
1=1 + 1
R E A O ( 1 , 1 0 ) N B ( I ) , Q T Z ( I ) , K S P ( I ) , P L A G ( I ) , 8 1 1 1 ) , A d d ) , KSP2 d ) , 8 1 2 ( 1 ) ,
1 S E R ( I ) . H O H T ( I ) , K A O L ( I ) , C H L ( I ) , C A L ( I ) , E P I ( I ) , LEUCO( I ) , MAG( I ) , H E M ( I )
2 , S P H ( I ) , A P ( I ) , T O U R d ) , PY( I) , C C ( I ) , QTZ2( !•) , AUUN< I) , MOS2( I )
0I(I)=0I(I)+ni2(I)
KSP(I)=KSP(I)+KSP2(I)
QTZ(i)=orz(i)+orz2 d i
WRITE ( 2 , 1 1 ) N I O . H B d ) ,QTZ ( I ) ,KSP ( 1) , P LAG( I ) , 8 1 ( I ) , ACT ( I ) ,
1 SER( I ) , MONT ( I ) ,KAOL( I ) , CHL ( I ) f C A L d l , E P I ( I ) , LEUCO( I ) .MAGI I ) , HEN d
2 ) , A P ( I ) , P Y ( I ) , C C ( I ) , ALUM( I ) , M 0 S 2 ( I ) , S P H ( I ) , T O U R ( I I
13 CONTINUE
WRI TE( 2, 9 0 )
60 CONTINUE
GO TO 26
9 I F ( M ( 2 ) . E Q . O ) WRITE( 2 , 6 ) ROCK( 1 ) , TYPE( 1 ) .MINE,NAME
I F ( N ( 2 ) . M E . O ) WRI TE( 2, 20) (ROCK( I ) , T Y P E ! I ) , 1 = 1 , 2 1 . MINE, NAME
WRITE( 2 , 2 3 )
1=0
DO 70 J = i , J S
H=N(J)
DO 16 L=1,M
1=1+1
P E A O d , t 2 ) N 0 ( I " ) , Q T Z ( I ) , K S P ( I ) , PLAG( I ) , 8 1 ( 1 ) , A d d ) , K S P 2 ( D , 8 1 2 ( 1 1 ,
I S E R ( I ) , MONT(I.) , K A O L ( I ) , C H L ( I ) , C A H I ) , E P I ( I ) , L E U C O ( I ) , MAG( I ) , H E M( I )
2 , S DH ( I ) , A P ( I ) , T O U R ( I ) , P Y ( I ) , C P Y ( I ) , B N ( I ) , 0 T Z 2 ( I ) , MOS2( I >
0 I ( I ) = 3 I ( I ) +812(1)
K S P ( I ) = K S P ( I ) +KSD2 ( I I
OTZ(I)=OTZ(I)+OrZ2(I)
WRI TE( 2 , 1 M M I D , M 3 ( I ) , Q T Z ( I ) , K S P ( I ) , R L A G ( I ) , 9 1 ( I ) , ACT( I ) ,
1 S E R d ) ,MONT(I> , KAOL( I ) , C H L ( I ) , C A L ( I ) , E P i m , LEUCO( I ) , MAG( I ) , HEH( I
2 ) , AP( I ) , P Y ( I ) , C P Y ( I ) , ON( I ) , MOS2( I ) , S P H ( I ) , TOUR(I)
16 CONTINUE
WRITF( 2 , 9 0 )
70 CONTINUE
26 CONTINUE
4 CONTINUE
STOP
1 F ORMA T ( A 1 0 , A 8 , 2 X , 2 ( 2 A R, 4 X ) , 5 I 2 , A 2 )
2 FORMAT(I2,15F5.Z»/,7F5«2,2(5X,F5.2))
3 FORMAT ( 2 X . A 2 , 1 2 , 1 X , * ) ( F 5 . 2 , 1 X ) , 9 ( F 4 . 2 , 1 X ) , 3 ( F 4 . 2 , 1 X ) )
281
6 F O R M A T ( 1 H 1 , * TABLE . C O M P O S IT IO N OF * , 2 A S , * FROM * » A i O , A 8 )
10 FORMAT(12 , 1 5 F 5 . 2 , / 4 F 5 . 2 , 2 ( F S . 2 , 5 X ) , 3 F 5 . 2 )
11 F O R M A T (2 X ,A 2 ,I2 ,lX ,q (F S .2 ,lX ),8 (F 4 .2 tlX ),F 5 .2 ,1 X ,3 (F 4 .2 ,1 X ))
12 FORMAT ( I 2 , 1 5 F 5 . 2 , / , < S F 5 . 2 , 5 X , 2 F 5 . 2 , 5 X , F 5 . 2 »
14 F O R M A T(2X ,A 2,1 2 , I X , 9 ( F 5 . 2 , I X ) , R ( F 4 . 2 , I X ) , 3 ( F 4 . ? , 1 X ) )
20 FORMAT( 1 H 1 , * T A 3 L E . C O M P O S I T I O N OF * , 2 A 8 , 7 H ( A B O V E ) , * AND * , 2 A 8 ,
I Z H n E L O U ) , / , 12X,*FROM * , A 1 0 , A 8 )
21 FORMAT( / , * NO QTZ ORTHO FLA G BIO T A C T *,3X , *SER HO
1NT KAOL CHL CAL EPI L E U C MAG HEM AP PY cpy CC MOS2
2 SPM TOUR*)
22 FO RM AT(Z, * NO QTZ ORTHO F L A G BIOT A CT* »3X t *SER MO
1NT KAOL CHL CAL EPI L E U C MAG HEM AP PY cc ALUM M 0S2
2 SPH TOUR*)
23 FORMAT( Z , * NO QTZ ORTHO FLA G BIOT A C T * * 3X t *SER MO
1NT KAOL CHL CAL EPI L E U C MAG HEM AP PY CPY BN MOS2
2SPH TOUR*)
34 F O R M A T (IX ,A 2 ,I2 ,4 (F 5 .2 ,1 X ),4 (F 6 .2 ,1 X ), 5 (F 5 .2 ,1 X ),3 (F 4
1 .2 ,IX )» 3 (F S .2 ,1 X ),F 4 .2 ,1 X ,F 5 .2 ,1 X ,F 4 .2 )
90 F O R M A K /Z )
99 FORMAT( 1 2 )
END
APPENDIX D
C .I .P .W . NORMS AND DIFFERENTIATION INDICES
282
283
The re s u lts are g iven in c a tio n p e rc e n t. A bbreviations u se d
are:
Albit a lb ite
A pati a p a tite
Anort an o rth ite
C al c a lc ite
Corun corundum
DI d iffe re n tia tio n in d ex
Hem hem atite
H yper h y p ersth en e
Ilm en ilm enite
Mag m agnetite
No id e n tific a tio n num ber
Ortho o rth o c la se
Q uart q u artz
Rutil ru tile
W olla w o lla sto n ite

T able D - I . C .I .P .W . norm of g ran ite porphyry from th e C opper C itie s mine
NO QUART ORTHO A L B I T ANORT HYPER HO LL A APATI CORUN ILMEN R U T I L HEM MAG CAL
CC 1 3 6 . 2 2 3 3 . 84 5.76 .69 9.9 9 0.00 0.00 4.0 7 .69 0.00 0.0 0 0.00 0.0 0
CC 2 30.48 3 5 .9 7 1 5 .5 9 2.20 5.9 5 0.00 0.00 2.92 .46 0.00 0.00 0.00 . 66
CC 3 42 .8 5 32.43 6.95 .34 • 92 0.00 0.00 5.28 • 46 0.00 .25 3.7 6 0 . 00
CC 4 33 .84 3 7 .1 3 13.11 .79 4.7 2 0.00 0.00 3.0 5 .68 0 . CO 0.00 0.00 0.30
CC 5 4 8 .1 4 32.40 4.31 .22 4.1 3 0.00 0.00 3.60 .4 6 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
CC 6 3 3 .2 2 32.79 2 2 .5 5 .95 4.6 1 0.00 0.00 1.50 .45 0.03 0.00 0.00 C. 00
CC25 31.20 38 .0 1 12.43 3.07 6.10 0.00 0.00 2.68 .7 1 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.0 0
CC26 3 1 . 00 4 0 . 5 7 1 0 . 1 0 2.51 5.4 8 0.00 0.00 2.73 .71 0.00 0.00 0.00 .4 1
CC27 38.55 32 .78 7.56 4.05 6.0 7 0.00 0.00 3.83 .9 5 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.0 0
CC26 3 6 .3 6 34.84 14.17 5.54 4.21 0.00 0.00 2.04 • 49 o.co 0.0 0 0.00 0 . 00
CC29 43 .28 31.51 5.36 .63 4.9 5 0.00 0.00 4.42 • 70 0.00 0.00 .57 0.0 0
CC3 0 29 .9 3 33.70 21.65 7 .3 1 2.4 7 0.00 0.00 .99 .7 3 0 . 00 0.00 2.27 0.00
CC31 35.03 32.26 15.51 • 00 4 .2 5 0.00 0.00 3.87 .6 9 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.9 7
CC32 3 7 .14 35 .05 8.35 .00 5 .2 2 0.00 0.00 4.74 .6 9 o.co 0.00 0.00 .85
CC33 33.58 32 .16 9.9 9 .00 8.00 0.00 0.00 4.75 .6 8 0.00 0.00 0 . 00 1.36
CC34 3 4 .4 9 3 1 .7 7 13.21 3.24 6.9 7 0.00 0.00 2.81 .6 9 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00
CC35 36.73 33 .45 9 . 08 1.0 4 6 .2 8 0.00 0.00 4.03 .70 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 . 00
CC36 40.06 32.51 9.86 .48 4 .9 8 0.00 0.00 3.84 1.15 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.0 0
CC37 37 .1 6 30.76 15 .8 2 1.05 1.3 6 0.00 0.00 3.75 .93 0.00 1.26 1.06 . 0 . 00
CC39 43.91 27 .1 3 1 4 .5 7 .97 • 93 0.00 0.00 4.31 . .01 .34 2.79 o.co 0.00
CC39 4 5 .3 0 18.74 1 3 .3 9 3.73 2.7 7 0.00 0.00 2.79 .70 0.00 0.00 2.92 0.00
CC4 0 4 0 .46 22 .33 26.95 2.32 .76 0.00 0.00 2.38 .01 .11 1.31 0.00 0 . 00
CC41 33 .56 3 0 .52 2 4 .1 5 3.25 1.59 0.00 9.00 1.35 .69 0.00 1.6 0 .61 0.00
CC42 33.99 31.27 23.50 6.36 1 .3 0 .16 0.00 0.00 • 71 0.00 1.68 .04 0 . 00
CC43 3 2 .73 31.73 2 4 .5 3 3.45 1.50 0.00 0.00 .96 .7 1 0.00 1.27 .95 0 . 00
284
T able D - 2 . D iffere n tia tio n index of g ran ite porphyry
from the C opper C itie s mine
NO 01 S I 02 AL203 K20 NA20 CAO MGO FEO

CC 1 75.02 65 .2 5 12.27 6.77 1.15 .14 1.77 3.55
CC 2 62.04 65.27 14.11 7.19 3.12 .77 1.32 1.88
CC 3 82.23 67.07 13.29 6.49 1.39 .07 .45 1.48
CC 4 6 4 . 0 3 66 • 66 13.41 7.43 2.62 .16 1.22 1.47
CC 5 8 5 . 05 7 2 . 5 2 11.03 6.48 .86 .04 .91 1.38
CC 6 68.56 69.11 12.95 6.56 4.51 .19 1.14 1.37
CC25 01.65 65.74 13.99 7.60 2.49 .61 1.55 1.84
CC26 01.68 65.15 13.87 8.11 2.02 .71 1.26 1.83
CC27 76.80 67.41 13.52 6.56 1.51 • 81 1.36 2.14
CC20 65.37 70.09 14.06 6.97 2 . 83 1.11 .76 1.59
CC29 80.15 6 8 .1 3 12.04 6.30 1.07 • 13 • 97 2.02
CC30 85.32 67.34 14.98 ' 6.74 4.33 1.46 1.11 1.23
CC31 32.80 65.82 13.43 6.45 3 . 10 .99 • 88 1.57
CC32 80.54 65.79 13.42 7.01 1.67 .42 • 88 2.06
CC33 75.72 62.87 13.18 6.43 2.00 • 68 1.39 2.94
CC34 7 9 . 4 7 6 6 . 26 1 3 .lt 6.35 2.64 .65 1.04 2.77
CC 3 S 79.30 65.05 1 3 . 00 6.69 . 1.82 .21 .78 2.69
CC36 82.43 68.17 12.50 6.50 1.97 .10 .98 2.08
CC 3 7 83.74 66.21 13.49 6.15 3.16 .21 .67 .8 2
CC3 S 85.60 69.73 13.04 5.43 2.91 .19 .46 .0 1
CC39 82.43 70.45 11.71 3.75 3.68 .75 • 83 1.85
CC 4 0 89.74 71.34 1 3 . 16 4.47 5.39 .46 .37 .00
CC4 1 88.23 68.46 13.59 6.10 4.83 .65 .78 .55
CC42 88.76 70.14 13.50 6.25 4.70 1.36 .63 .37
CC4 3 69.00 6 8 .6 2 13.60 6.35 4.91 • 69 .72 .6 7
T able D -3 C .I .P .W ..n o r m of q u artz m onzonite from th e New C o rn elia mine
NO QUART ORTHO A L B I T ANORT HYPE R HOLLA A P A T I CORUN I LME N ru til HEM MAG CAL
A 1 15.15 22.40 3 5 .7 1 11.54 7.49 0.00 0.00 4.07 .46 o.co 0.00 2.44 1.94
A 2 19.47 25.07 29.24 14.67 7.33 0.00 0.00 .30 .70 0.00 0.00 2.17 0 . 00
A 3 18.51 22.45 31.23 8.62 8 .69 0.00 0.00 2.19 .44 0.00 .25 .69 1.06
A 4 20.44 21.18 32.54 6.02 7.39 0.00 0.00 2.70 .67 0.00 0.00 1.38 1.36
A 5 17.33 24.70 3 1 .5 0 11.38 7.61 0.00 0.00 .52 .67 o.co 0.00 1.39 0.00
A 6 17.11 21.77 34.55 14.16 7.91 0.00 0.00 .96 .4 7 .0 .0 0 0.00 2.20 0 . 00
A 7 15.39 20.81 36.62 12.91 6.41 .43 0.00 2.68 .47 o.co 0 . 00 2.9 0 1.12
A 8 14.54 23.34 3 7 .2 1 13.03 9.46 0.00 0.00 .00 .43 0.00 0.00 .74 1.03
A 9 13.63 20.34 35.75 10.53 9.99 0.00 0.00 .67 .83 o.co 0.00 .69 1. 06
AID 16.26 24.33 34.55 6.60 8.00 0.00 0.00 .39 . 66 0.00 0.00 • 68 2.12
A ll 19.05 18.67 31 .7 6 13.49 9.58 0.00 0.00 .76 • 68 o.co 0.00 .70 0.00
A1 2 20.26 20.39 26.53 8.62 9.59 0.00 0.00 3.12 • 66 o.co 0.00 .6 9 1 . 06
A13 19.62 22.63 27.99 10.03 8.18 0.00 0.00 2.37 .67 o.co 0.00 1.39 C. 0 0
A1 4 13.35 21.32 3 5 .0 6 10.40 8.62 0.00 0.00 1.67 .46 0.00 0.00 .72 0.00
A1 5 20.60 20.33 29.96 5.23 7.27 0.00 0.00 4.14 .66 0.00 0.00 1.37 2.65
A16 20.01 25.46 32.17 9.23 8.59 0.00 0.00 2.08 .71 0.00 0.00 .74 0 . 00
A17 21.19 27.23 29.54 10.63 6.50 0.00 0.00 1.71 .91 0.00 0.00 1.40 .35
A1 8 20.23 22.62 27.66 11.04 10.17 0.00 0.00 2.14 .92 0.00 0.00 0 . 00 0.00
A1 9 21.52 24.26 28.76 12.19 6.23 0.00 0.00 1.58 • 72 0.00 1.26 2.97 0.0 0
A2 0 20.16 25.87 29.73 9.55 9.26 0.00 0.00 1.28 .68 .34 2.79 0.00 0.00
A2 1 23.66 20.00 24.95 6.50 6.52 0.00 0.00 3.88 .87 0.00 0.00 2.02 3.13
A2 2 23.52 25.23 19.66 16.21 3.47 0.00 0.00 .24 • 71 .11 1.61 0.00 1.13
A23 3 0 . 13 26.59 17.11 6.26 9.57 0.00 0.00 2.09 .47 0.00 1.60 0.00 .0 5
A24 26.65 33.74 13.72 1 2.96 6.08 1.40 0.00 0.00 .43 0.00 1.60 .74 0.00
A2 5 24.57 25.06 24.44 11.21 8.37 0.00 0.00 1.08 .47 0.00 1.27 0.00 0.00
A2 6 23.39 24.46 36.35 4.70 5.22 0.00 0.00 2.48 .46 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
A27 22.26 27.04 25.30 7.91 7.94 0.00 0.00 1.27 .66 0.00 0.00 0 . 00 .53
A28 25.22 27.78 21.80 9.03 9.08 0.00 0.00 1.96 .93 0.00 0.00 .7 2 0 . 00
A29 19.02 23.88 31.59 5.01 3.96 0.00 0.00 2.48 .65 0.00 0.00 0.00 .84
A30 24.69 22.69 28.94 6.15 7.57 0.00 0.00 1.61 .69 o.co 0.00 .72 .58
A3 1 25.70 26.99 2 5 .3 7 11.09 8.35 0.00 0.00 .13 .46 0.00 0.00 • 36 0 . 00
A3 2 21.97 25.11 27.70 8.04 8.19 3.67 0.00 1.69 .44 0.00 0.00 0.00 .53
A3 3 32.53 25.03 23.83 7.91 6.30 0.00 0.00 .74 .72 0.00 0.00 .75 0.00
A3 4 20.29 27.57 25.91 1 1 .6 6 6.71 2.13 0.00 2.65 .7 1 0.00 0.00 1.47 .5 7
A3 5 18.86 18.71 31.82 6.52 7.91 0 .00 0.00 3.76 .8 7 0.00 0.00 1.35 .5 2
A36 24.95 26.52 22.56 8.17 8.4 0 0.00 0.00 1.69 .68 0.00 .02 0.00 0 . 00
A3 7 20.86 22.12 24.68 9.20 1 0 .0 6 0.00 0.00 3.19 .90 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.44
A33 2 4.76 25.77 21.29 13.34 5.77 0.00 0.00 .00 1.20 0.00 0.00 2.46 1.65
A39 16.13 20.62 37.41 13 .8 4 4.92 .36 0.00 1.18 .90 0.00 1.07 2.57 0 . 00
A40 18.69 20.28 34.50 12.96 5 .01 0.00 0.00 .69 .91 0.00 .53 2.73 .27
286
A41 19.53 21.86 37.18 11.69 3.4 8 .73 0.00 2.30 .95 0.00 .96 2.24 0.00
T able D -4 D iffere n tia tio n index of q u artz m onzonite
from the N ew C o rn elia mine
NO 01 5102 AL203 K20 MA20 CAO HGO FEO

A 1 7 3 .2 6 58.33 16.24 4.48 7.14 3.28 2.93 1.83
A 2 73.73 61.61 17.03 5.01 5.85 2.93 2.76 1.98
A 3 72.19 58.51 16.37 4.49 6 . 25 2.26 2.63 . 2.15
A 4 74.16 58.77 15.85 4.24 6.51 2.13 2.64 1.84
A 5 7 4 . 03 5 9 . 9 1 16.32 4.94 6 . 30 2.28 2.65 1.94
A 6 73.42 60.52 17.88 4.35 6.91 2.83 2.80 2.11
A 7 7 3.32 58.93 16.65 4.16 7.32 3.36 2.54 1.85
A 8 75.08 60.83 17.34 4,67 7.44 3.13 2.58 2.61
A 9 69.77 56.56 1 6 . 13 4.07 7.15 2.65 2.84 2.81
A10 75.19 58.26 15.32 4.88 6.91 2.38 2.40 2.14
A ll 69.48 59 .4 9 16.25 3.73 6.35 2.70 2.67 2.67
A1 2 6 7.23 56.69 15.96 4.08 5.32 2.25 2.62 2.72
A13 70.24 58.09 16.51 4.53 5.60 2.01 2.65 2.23
A1 4 75.23 61.14 17.11 4.26 7.01 2.08 2.52 2.25
A15 70 .8 9 56.52 16.31 4.07 5.99 2.38 2.40 2.01
A1 6 77.64 62.58 17.30 5.09 6.43 1.85 2.57 2.30
A1 7 72.96 59.76 16.32 4.45 5.91 2.30 2.68 1.48
Aim 70.51 59.90 16.61 4.52 5.53 2.21 2.96 2.57
A19 74.53 61.32 17.06 4.85 5 . 75 2.44 3.07 1.38
A20 75.77 61.93 16.22 5.17 5.95 1.91 2.70 2.25
A21 68.61 56.49 15.47 4.00 4.99 2.86 2.79 1.57
A22 63.46 61.20 15.71 5.06 3.93 3.81 2.56 2.02
A2 3 73.89 63.70 13.34 5.32 3.42 1.28 2.29 2.72
A2 4 74.11 64.05 14.68 6.75 2.74 3.29 2.01 1.50
A2 5 7 4 .8 7 63.67 15.63 5.17 4.89 2.24 2.03 2.62
A2 6 84.70 64.67 16.62 4.89 7.37 .94 1.55 1.27
A27 74.60 60.80 14.90 5.41 5.06 1.85 2.39 1.89
A2 8 74 .7 9 63.12 15.49 5.56 4.36 1.81 2.98 2.25
A2 9 74.48 58.73 15.58 4.78 6.32 1.42 2.56 2.23
A30 76.32 61.92 14.39 4.54 5.79 1.52 2.51 1.85
A31 78.07 65.73 15.04 5.40 5.07 2.22 2.74 1.77
A3 2 7 4 .7 8 62.83 13.78 5.02 5.54 3.71 2.40 1.90
A3 3 81.49 68.25 13.69 5.02 4.77 1.58 2.14 1.61
A3 4 73.77 61.46 15.36 5.51 5 . 18 3.68 2.33 1.85
A35 69.38 55.73 16.47 3.74 6.36 1.56 3.22 1.61
A3 6 7 4 . 03 6 1 . 3 6 14.73 5.30 4.51 1.63 2.09 2.44
A3 7 67 .6 6 57.65 16.24 4.42 4.94 2.56 2.18 3.29
A3 3 71.82 61.42 14.95 5.15 4.26 1.59 2.34 1.45
A3 9 74.16 59.13 17.14 4.12 7.48 2.95 2.43 1.30
A40 73.47 59.25 16.34 4.06 6.90 2.73 2.47 1.37
A4 1 73 .5 6 61.73 16.48 4.37 7.44 2.70 1.71 1.22
T able D -5 . C .I .P .W . norm of quartz m onzonite from the M orenci mine
NO QUART ORTHO ALOIT ANORT HYPER HOLLA APATI CORUN ILMEN RUTIL HEM MAS CAL
M 1 32.17 26.16 15.97 .33 3.75 0.00 0.00 9.34 • 44 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
M 2 2 6.52 27.47 30.37 .00 1.08 0.00 0.00 5.36 .23 .08 2.80 0.00 .24
M 3 32.66 43.82 1.42 .14 1.36 0.90 0.00 8.25 .06 .20 3.06 0.0 0 0.00
M 5 29.41 30.13 26.22 .43 1.03 0.00 0.00 4.80 .20 .13 1.96 O.CO 0 . 00
M 4 29.53 29.69 20.66 • 66 1.36 0.00 0.00 6.89 .17 .14 3.05 0 . CO 0 . 00
M 6 43.01 19.65 .50 .14 1 4 .8 9 0.00 0.00 6.26 .47 O.CO 0.00 0.00 0.30
M 7 32.41 26.27 23.52 .47 1.22 0.00 0.00 6.7 0 .45 0.00 C.00 .88 0.00
N 3 42.93 31.84 1.53 .27 1.99 0.00 0.00 8.88 .45 0.00 0.00 . 81 0.00
M 9 37.35 26.19 .80 .13 1 0 .0 9 0.00 0.00 8.18 .44 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 . 00
M1 0 23.34 36.40 25.70 .40 2.02 0.00 0.00 4.95 .45 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
M il 35.44 27.26 9.95 .26 2.11 0.00 0.00 9.65 • 43 0.00 1.01 3.25 0 . 00
Ml 2 18.32 24.70 43.18 .67 2.99 0.00 0.00 3.87 .45 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
M1 3 33.61 26.36 7.51 .90 8.22 0.00 0.00 9.11 • 43 O.CO 0.00 0.00 0 . 00
M1 4 2 3 . 3 7 1 9 . 8 9 2 7 . 07 1.23 3.46 0.00 0.00 7.23 .65 0.00 0.00 1.94 0.00
M1 5 33.80 30.33 1.38 .59 9.93 0.00 0.00 9.05 • 44 O.CO 0.00 0.00 0.00
M1 6 2 8 . 7 2 1 6 . 7 5 3 3 . 04 3.27 4.17 0.00 0.00 5.25 .44 0.00 0 . 00 .29 0.00
M1 7 40.24 25.71 . 81 • 13 7.53 0.00 0.00 10.15 .44 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 . 00
M1 9 42.54 20.29 9.13 .70 5.29 0.00 0.00 8.26 .43 O.CO 0.00 0.00 0.0 0
M2 D 37.43 11.33 22.59 1.17 2.15 0.00 0.00 8.15 .41 0.00 1.26 1.86 0.00
M2 1 51.44 20.16 5.26 .13 3.17 0.00 0 .00 7.9 2 .22 .34 2.79 .99 0 . 00
M2 2 3 1 . 73 3 8 . 7 0 1 8 . 3 1 .27 2.42 0.00 0.00 2.82 .45 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
M2 3 45.69 28.88 1.40 .97 4.85 0.00 0.00 7.33 .4 5 .11 1.81 0.00 0.00
M2 3 45.11 27.96 1.43 .07 5.67 0.00 0.00 7.27 . .46 0.00 1.68 0.00 0 . 00
M2 4 41.46 26.42 .92 .07 7.84 0.00 0.00 9.44 .44 0 . 00 1.68 0.00 0.00
M2 9 28.35 25.71 28.36 .41 1.25 0.00 0.00 6.96 .45 O.CO 1.27 0.00 0.00
M2 6 41.80 30.10 1.51 .07 1.46 0.00 0.00 9.72 .45 0 . 00 2.92 1.65 C.00
M2 7 30.76 27.39 12.81 . 27* 7.83 0.00 q .o o 3.34 .67 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 . 00
M2 3 52.21 21.67 • 83 .07 5.20 0.00 0.00 8. 04' .46 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
M2 9 52.67 19.97 .82 .07 6.10 0.00 0.00 7.80 .45 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
M30 53.56 20.15 . 83 .07 5.32 0.00 0.00 7.87 .45 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
M3 1 36.54 31.71 4.59 .20 1.04 0.00 0.00 9.69 .04 .20 5.81 0.00 0.00
M3 3 40.12 30.89 .82 • 07 1.54 0 .00 0.00 9.95 .04 .09 5.92 0.00 0.00
M3 5 25.32 11.86 40.33 5.17 2.58 0.00 0.00 4.49 .07 .31 2.47 0.00 0.00
M3 6 17.69 13.27 46.34 14.26 2.85 .84 0.00 2.65 • 91 0.00 2.20 .60 0 . 00
M3 7 23.72 11.02 44.51 6.05 3 . 16 0.00 0.00 2.65 .25 .10 3.99 0.00 0.00
M3 8 27.11 11.03 42.19 8.74 2.46 0.00 0.00 1.85 • 10 .40 2.41 0.00 0.00
M3 9 40.24 36.86 16.88 • 35 .73 0.00 0.00 1.04 • 92 O.CO 0.00 0.00 0.00
M4 0 10.63 41.85 33.29 .00 2.94 0.00 0.00 2.39 • 88 O.CO .96 .60 2.90
288
289
Table D—6 . D iffere n tia tio n index of quartz m onzonite

from the M orenci mine
NO 01 S I 02 AL203 K20 NA20 CAO MGO FEO

N 1 74.31 59.46 17.90 5.23 3 . 19 .07 .86 1.22
N 2 84.36 61.76 16.93 5.49 6.37 .12 .53 .14
M 3 78.09 6 0 • 74 1 7 . 35 8.76 • 28 .03 .67 .03
M 5 85.77 63.93 16.26 6.03 5.24 .10 .50 .10
H t* 79.88 60.69 17.22 5.94 4.13 .13 .67 .08
H 6 63.15 62.59 10.34 3.93 .10 .03 .54 7.13
H 7 82.20 63.03 16.84 5.25 4.70 .09 .44 .68
H a 76.30 64.05 15.66 6.37 • 31 .05 .78 .70
M 9 64.33 58.64 13.63 5.24 • 16 • 03 1.02 4.23
M10 85.44 61.77 17.53 7.28 5.14 .08 .55 • 67
M il 72.64 58.92 16.20 5.45 1.99 .05 1.05 1.30
Ml 2 86.20 60.81 17.71 4.94 8.64 .13 1.04 .67
Ml 3 67.47 58.40 16.24 5.27 1.50 • 18 1.08 3.23
M14 75.33 58.77 17.12 3.98 5.41 .25 1.19 1.49
M15 65.50 57.97 15.64 6.07 .28 • 12 1.34 3.77
M16 78.51 61.93 16.51 3.35 6.61 .65 1.03 1.31
Ml 7 66.75 59.96 15.50 5.14 .16 .03 .57 3.41
M19 71.96 63.12 14.42 4.06 1.83 .14 .93 1.92
M2 0 71.41 59.36 15.41 2.28 4.52 .23 .92 .98
M21 76.86 68.33 13.06 4.93 1.05- .03 • 65 1.37
M22 89.24 67.56 14.43 7.74 3.76 • 05 .27 1.16
M23 75.97 66.31 13.96 5.78 .28 .01 .33 2.31
M23 74.50 65.60 13.18 5.59 .29 .01 .61 2.45
M2 4 68.30 61.81 14.93 5.28 .18 .01 .72 3.41
M25 82.41 61.53 17.93 5.14 5.67 • 08 .27 .58
M26 73.42 61.53 16.07 6.02 . 30 .01 .73 .77
M2 7 70.96 58.91 16.48 5.48 2.56 • 05 .79 3.45
M28 74.71 68.34 12.57 4.33 .17 • 01 .47 2.35
M29 73.46 68.22 11.98 3.99 .16 .01 .38 2.89
M30 74.53 68.83 12.09 4.03 .17 .01 .45 2.43
M31 72.35 58.92 17.03 6.34 .92 .04 .50 .02
M3 3 71.83 59.94 16.32 6.18 .16 .01 .75 .0 2
M3 5 77.51 59.99 16.99 2.37 8 . 07 1.03 1.19 .03
M3 6 77.30 61.01 1 7.63 2.65 9.27 3.27 1.39 • 66
M3 7 79.26 61.04 16.18 2.20 8.90 1.21 1.55 .13
M3 8 80.33 63.76 15.99 2.21 8.44 1.75 1.22 .05
M39 93.99 72.99 11.92 7.37 3.38 .07 .23 • 60
M40 85.78 57.19 17.42 8.37 6 • 66 1.45 1.45 .64
Table D -7 . C .I .P .W . norm of q u a rtz m onzonlte from the S ierrita m ine
NO QUART ORTHO ALOIT ANORT H Y P E R HOLLA A P A T I CORUN I L ME N RUTIL HEM MAG CAL
S21 24.16 48.90 14.90 2.63 2.39 0.00 0.00 2.06 .36 0.00 0.00 0 . 00 1. 14
S22 33.27 13.51 28.96 7.95 5.24 0.00 0.00 2.14 .48 .08 2.80 0.00 0 . 00
S23 27.40 28.89 26.46 9.39 4.51 0.00 0.00 .21 .48 .20 3.06 .75 0 . 00
S24 22.86 24.96 26.68 6.96 7.58 0 .00 0.00 2.61 .70 .13 1.96 .36 • 56
S25 23.96 35.22 23.23 6.31 4.30 0.00 0.00 • 80 .70 .14 3.05 .36 1 . 12
S26 15.60 36.83 25.79 9.86 5.84 0.00 0.00 .50 ' .71 0.00 0 . 00 0.00 • 56
S27 18.14 22.42 36.90 12.57 5 .02 0.00 0.00 .73 .71 0.00 0.00 .7 3 • 05
S28 24.91 27.94 29.24 5.59 4.06 0.00 0.00 2.12 • 47 0.00 0.00 0.00 •56
S?9 11.48 28.89 29.48 10.57 11.49 0.00 0.00 1.69 .94 0.00 0.00 0 . oo 0 . 00
S30 24.19 26.33 29.86 8.56 5.10 0.00 0.00 2.31 .48 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 . 00
$31 26.41 33.12 23.26 4.07 3.87 0.00 0.00 2.96 .23 0.00 1.01 0.00 1. 13
$32 24.85 26.06 23.96 1.79 6.36 0.0 0 0.00 5.01 • 69 0.00 0.00 0 . 00 2 . 86
$33 21.43 28.08 28.16 9.13 6.22 0.00 0.00 1.18 • 70 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 . 00
$34 22.17 35.10 23.15 6.64 5.55 0.00 0.00 1.48 .70 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 . 00
$35 25.60 27.79 29.08 8.34 3.90 0.00 0.00 .79 .70 0.00 0.00 .36 0 . 00
$36 24.13 26.71 29.89 9.60 4.41 0.00 0.00 • 74 .69 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 . 00
$37 29.81 21.15 34.77 5.02 1.56 0.00 0.00 1.94 .03 .21 2.53 0.00 0 . 00
$38 26.59 26.89 31.30 5.18 1.67 0.00 0.00 1.48 .46 0.00 .6 5 1.10 0 . 00
544 1.68 53.88 30.55 4.18 3.22 0.00 0.00 1.28 1.13 0.00 1.26 0.00 0 . 00
545 23.82 40.41 24.55 3.10 1.73 0.00 0.00 1.05 .60 .05 1.83 0 . 00 0 . 00
$46 25.45 44.72 19.95 .4 3 3.02 0.00 0.00 2.20 .48 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 . 00
$47 19.89 46.47 23.95 2.47 2.21 0.00 0.00 1.26 .69 .11 1.81 0. 00 0 . 00
54 8 8.76 46.77 37.94 .63 .37 0.00 0.00 2.21 .40 .15 1.68 0.00 0 . 00
290
291
Table D -8 D iffere n tia tio n index of quartz m onzonite

from the S ierrita mine
NO DI S I 02 AL203 K20 NA 2 0 CAO HGO FEO

S21 67,96 64.b9 15.88 9.76 2.98 1.10 .45 .92
S22 6 0,75 67.55 14.82 3.70 5.79 1.59 . 88 1.97
S?3 82,74 66.61 15.04 5.78 5.29 1.88 1.22 1.51
S24 74,50 60.42 15.72 4.99 5 . 34 1.67 1.17 3.08
S25 8 2.41 63.71 15.01 7.04 4.65 1.82 1.02 1.59
S26 76,43 60.24 16.96 7.37 5.16 2.25 1.44 1.82
S27 77.46 61.27 17.62 4.48 7 . 39 2.54 1.30 1.78
S23 82.09 63.49 15.79 5.59 5.65 1.40 .25 2.01
S29 69.85 56.48 17.59 5.78 5.90 2.11 2.56 3.64
S30 60.38 63.88 16.97 5.27 5.97 1.71 1.04 1.74
S31 82.79 63.80 15.87 6.62 4.65 1.38 • 53 1.51
S32 74.67 50.76 15.73 5.21 4.79 1.79 .95 2.56
S33 77.67 61.93 16.08 5.62 5.63 1.83 .83 2.62
S34 80.42 62.55 15.79 7.02 4.63 1.33 1.01 2.11
S35 82.46 65.00 15.50 5.56 5.82 1.67 1.03 1.38
S3 6 80.72 64.13 15.90 5.34 5.96 1.92 1.06 1.48
S37 65.73 66.15 15.13 4.23 6.95 1.00 .77 .02
S3B 86.78 66.41 15.19 5.38 6.26 1.04 • 82 .60
S44 86.31 55.82 19.83 10.76 6.11 • 84 1.38 .77
S4 5 88.78 64.90 15.28 6.08 4 . 91 .62 .84 .30
S46 90.12 65.93 15.31 8.94 3.99 .09 .31 1.44
S47 90.31 64.24 16.34 9.29 4.79 .49 .75 .69
S4B 93.46 60.02 19.41 9.35 7.59 .13 .19 .20
T able D -9 . D . I .P .W . norm of q u a rtz m onzonlte from th e C opper C itie s mine
NO QUART ORTHO A L B I T ANORT H Y P E R HOLLA A P A T I CORUN I L ME N R U T I L HEM MAC CAL

CC 7 29.20 26.39 34.91 7.37 3 .5 2 0.00 0.00 • 75 .4 8 0.00 0.00 .37 0 . 00
CC 5 28.24 26.03 30.30 8.48 2.54 0.00 0.00 1.41 .94 0.00 0 . 00 • 73 0.00
cc q 27.59 26.01 30.72 7.75 2.33 0.00 0.00 2.53 ♦7 1 0.00 0.00 1.46 0.00
CC1 9 26.27 30.93 30.06 7.90 2.33 0.00 0.00 1.09 .48 0.00 0.00 • 74 0.00
CC11 25.27 27.52 32.02 6.89 2.74 0.00 0.00 1.51 .47 0.00 0.00 • 37 .35
CC12 25.83 28.93 29.52 7.76 3.94 0.00 0.00 1.57 .71 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.00
CC13 27.48 28.30 30.39 7.99 2.15 0.00 0.00 1.69 .73 0.00 0.03 1.13 0 . 00
CC14 31.97 27.22 2 3 . 15 6.29 3.16 0.00 0.00 2.99 .70 0.00 0 . 00 .72 0.00
CC15 28.43 24.83 29.02 4.58 2.66 0.00 0.00 2.65 .93 0.00 0.00 1.04 .56
CC16 30.38 25.64 29.90 7.86 1.86 0.00 3.00 1.04 .72 0.00 0.00 1.43 0 . 00
CC17 30.44 25.77 30.06 8.62 1.51 0.00 0.00 1.19 ' .72 0.00 .0 2 1.45 0. 00
CC13 31.56 30.30 24.94 6.65 2.29 0.00 0.00 1.50 .96 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
CC19 30.63 23.02 31.57 7.97 2.35 0.00 0.00 1.61 .73 0.00 0.00 .75 0.00
CC20 25.71 26.55 32.61 8.63 3.23 0.00 0.00 1.13 .7 2 0.00 0.00 .3 7 0.00
CC21 25.09 28.55 31.13 7.36 3.60 0.00 0.00 1.27 .72 0.00 0 . 00 0.00 0.00
CC22 29.90 27.12 24.93 7.01 3.96 0.00 0.00 2.30 .7 2 0.00 0.00 .74 0. 00
CC23 24.66 24.93 34.92 6.59 1.97 o.oc 0.00 1.61 .72 0.00 .mi 1.01 0.00
CC24 27.98 28.62 24.34 5.93 4.44 0.00 0.00 2.81 .70 0.00 0.00 C .00 0. 00
292
Table D - 1 0 . D iffere n tia tio n index of qu artz m onzonite
from the C opper C itie s mine
NO DI S I 02 AL203 K20 N4 2 0 CAO MGO FEO

CC 7 86.90 66.89 16.16 5.25 6.98 1.57 .90 1.21
CC 6 85.12 67.03 16.16 5.22 6.16 1.70 .79 1.13
CC 9 84.31 65.91 16.97 5.20 6.14 1.55 • 88 1.13
CC10 67.26 67.19 16.45 6.19 6.01 1.58 .76 .8 9
CC11 84.61 65.12 16.17 5.50 6.40 1.55 .72 .99
CC12 84.28 6 5 . 98 16.36 5.79 5.90 1.55 .79 1.52
CC13 86.17 66.97 16.63 5.66 6.08 1.60 .81 .98
CC14 82.35 66.29 15.56 5.44 4.63 1.26 • 69 1.46
CC15 82.33 63.94 15.26 4.98 5.80 1.19 .78 1.34
CC16 85.92 67.78 15.29 5.13 5.98 1.57 .82 .9 4
CC 1 7 86.27 66.14 15.80 5.15 6.01 1.72 .73 .84
CC18 67.31 68.82 15.31 6.16 4.99 1.33 .68 • 92
CC19 85.22 67.74 15.72 4.60 6.31 1.59 • 67 1.10
CC2Q 84.87 66.32 16.47 5.31 6.52 1.73 .71 1.42
CC2 1 64.76 65.84 16.35 5.71 6.73 1.57 .71 1.44
CC22 61.95 65.91 15.52 5.42 4 .99 1.40 .85 1.70
CC23 84.52 65.00 17.01 4.99 6.98 1.72 .97 • 70
CC24 80.94 64.35 15.77 5.72 4.87 1.19 1.06 1.50
T able D - l l . C .I .P .W . norm of q u a rtz m onzonite from the M in eral Park mine
NO QUART ORTHO ALBIT ANORT HYPER HOLLA APATI CO RUN ILMEN RUTIL HEM MAG
MP 1 45.96 34.53 3.30 .14 5.07 0.00 o.co 4.06 .12 O.CO 0.00 0.00
HP 3 34.37 19.80 1.23 .20 15.93 0.00 0.00 8.16 .65 .03 2.30 0.00
HP 5 34.28 36.55 1.50 .09 5.67 0.00 0.00 8.65 .83 .20 3.06 O.CO
MP 6 36.49 25.21 1.82 .10 2.93 0.00 0.00 13.56 .62 .13 1.96 0.00
MP 7 35.38 26.71 .58 .09 8.89 0.00 0.00 10.59 .67 .14 3.05 0.00
MP 8 39.81 25.71 1.06 .07 7.75 0.00 o.co 9.53 .91 0.00 0.00 0.30
MP 9 3 8.79 39.40 2.63 1.44 2.87 0.00 0.00 5.71 .69 0 . 00 • 29 .60
M P 10 34.89 44.36 2.63 .14 4.03 0.00 0.00 5.45 .69 0.00 0.00 0.00
M P 11 37.53 39.03 2.70 .09 4.78 0.00 o.co 6.03 .94 0.00 o.co 0.00
MP12 48.97 22.10 1.06 .13 7.41 0.00 0.00 7.94 .63 0.00 0.00 0.00
M P 13 45.09 31.95 1.77 .07 5.07 0.00 0.00 6.32 • 68 0.00 1.01 0.00
M P 14 42.47 32.33 2.11 • 08 4.56 0.00 0.00 7.64 .67 0.00 0.00 C.00
MP26 27.18 35.12 11.04 • 52 3.82 0.00 0.00 3.32 .81 .03 1 . 79 0.00
MPP7 38.39 33.25 5.42 .13 3.10 0.00 0.00 8.49 .90 0.00 0.00 0.00
M P 28 32.61 33.90 9.11 .17 3.22 0.00 0.00 7.65 .83 0.00 0.00 1.75
M P 29 31.70 32.48 7.64 .24 5.35 0.00 0.00 6.71 .90 0.00 0.00 4.05
MP30 37.30 35.02 2.14 .08 6.70 0.00 0.00 6.75 .63 .21 2.53 0.00
MP31 32.33 27.66 2.08 .16 3.47 0.00 0.00 13.76 .84 0.03 .65 0.00
MP32 47.89 26.09 1.56 .07 7.00 0.00 0.00 6.71 • 23 0.00 1.26 0.00
M P33 42.64 29.38 .87 1.43 5.54 0.00 0.00 8.07 .72 .05 1.83 0.00
MP3 9 53.94 17.45 1.60 .27 .26 0.00 0.00 10.09 .01 .32 2.43 0.00
MP40 46.15 28.97 2.40 .12 .74 0.00 0.00 8.64 .03 .44 3.53 0.00
M P 41 51.16 4.10 .50 .49 . *20 0.00 0.00 13.84 .07 .92 2.06 0.00
M P 15 43.97 29.60 1.87 .07 5.24 0.00 0.00 7.85 .67 0.00 1.63 0.00
MP1 G 33.30 42.61 2.85 .57 4.69 0.00 0.00 6.08 .63 0.03 1.27 0.00
MP17 40.32 32.33 1.83 ' .11 4.69 0.00 0.00 8.55 .66 0.00 2.92 0.00
M P 18 40.74 38.93 3.13 .10 2.76 0.00 0.00 6.13 .46 0.00 0.00 0.00
M P 19 36.88 40.47 2.73 .08 3.47 0.00 0.00 7.11 .45 0.00 0.00 0.00
MP2 0 4 0 . 03 24.56 1.65 .03 1.29 0.00 0.00 13.10 .42 0.00 .05 .87
MP21 38.80 38.03 2.47 • 08 3.61 0.00 0.00 7.12 • 45 0 . 00 0.00 0.00
MP22 43.09 33.17 2.16 • 10 3.81 0.00 0.00 7.43 .69 .20 5.31 0.00
MP23 41.93 38.22 2.89 .10 3.26 0.00 0.00 5.70 .46 .09 5.92 0.0 0
MP24 33.13 34.78 17.74 .58 2.61 0.00 0.00 4.59 .45 .31 2.47 0.00
MP25 30.61 44.04 11.89 .17 .90 0.00 0.00 4.97 .63 .03 .94 0.00
M P 34 63.12 28.93 1.77 • 06 1.45 0.00 0.00 1.30 .12 .10 3.99 0.00
294
T able D -1 2 . D iffere n tia tio n index of q u artz m onzonite
from th e M ineral Park mine
NO 01 SI02 AL203 K20 NA 2 0 CAO HGO FEO

HP 1 63.79 71.25 11.68 6.91 .6 6 .03 .58 2.01
HP 3 55,40 55.06 12.44 3.96 .25 .04 .91 7.39
HP 5 72.33 59.98 16.29 7.31 .30 .02 1.09 2.18
HP 6 63.52 5 4 . 2 1 1 9 . Cl 5.04 .36 .02 • 45 1.32
HP 7 62,68 5 6 . 24 1 6 . 0 9 5.34 .1 2 .02 1.32 3.45
HP 6 66.59 59.78 14.91 5.14 .21 .01 1.21 3.11
HP 9 80.83 6 6 . 01 1 4 . 6 9 7.88 • 53 .29 1.43 .54
HP10 81.89 65.16 14.91 8.87 .53 .03 .97 1.38
HP 1 1 79.27 65.00 14 .4 6 7.81 .54 .02 1.23 1.62
HP12 72.13 6 6 . 6 2 1 2 . 62 4.42 .21 .03 .84 3.19
HP13 78.81 6 7 . 8 9 1 3 . 09 6.39 .35 .01 .83 2.04
HP 1 4 76.91 6 5 . 4 5 1 4 . 56 6.47 .42 .02 .97 1.64
HP 2 6 73.35 57.00 18.26 7.02 2.21 .10 1.90 .41
HP27 77.06 63.20 1 6 .2 7 6.65 1.08 .03 .74 1.26
HP28 75.62 60.09 16.3 2 6.78 1.82 .03 1.22 1.41
MP 2 9 71.81 58.54 14.83 6.50 1.53 .05 1.18 3.29
HP 3 0 74.46 62.98 14.22 7.00 .43 • 02 .74 2.94
HP31 62.06 51.97 19.77 5.53 .42 .03 .62 1.53
HP32 75.54 68.01 12.27 5.22 .31 .01 .75 2.86
HP33 72.89 6 4.13 14.70 5.88 • 17 .29 1.89 1.03
HP39 72.98 65.60 14.01 3.49 .32 • 05 .13 • 01
HP40 77.52 65.39 14.96 5.79 .48 .02 .36 .02
HP41 55.76 54.21 14.95 .82 • 10 .10 .09 .34
MP 1 5 75.44 65.50 1 4 .18 5.92 .37 • 01 .73 2.22
HP16 79.35 63.73 15.40 8.52 .57 .11 .92 1.76
MP 1 7 74.48 63.20 15.43 6.47 .37 .02 .78 1.89
HP18 62.85 67.43 14.59 7.80 ,63 .02 • 62 .99
HP19 60.07 64.56 15.78 8.09 .55 .02 .79 1.17
HP 2 0 66.24 5 6 • 44 1 8 , 3 7 4.91 .33 .02 .6 4 .50
HP21 79.35 64.96 15.26 7.62 .49 .02 .67 1.36
HP22 78.42 66.23 14.53 6.63 .43 • 02 .57 1.68
HP23 6 3 .0J 68.26 13.96 7.64 .58 .02 .57 1.29
HP24 85.65 66.17 15.33 6.96 3.55 .12 • 65 • 88
HP25 86,55 64.69 16.22 8.81 2.38 .03 .45 .31
HP34 93,87 82.32 7.97 5.80 .35 .01 .26 .52
T able D -1 3 . C .I .P .W . norm of g ran o d io rite from th e S anta Rita mine
NO QUART ORTHO A L 9 I T ANORT HY P E R HOLLA A P A T I CORUN I LME N R U T I L HEM MAG CAL

SR 1 26.23 30.20 17.51 5.62 5.66 0.00 0.00 3.73 .67 0.00 0.00 3.47 0 . 00
SR Z 23.46 28.64 20.87 6.65 7.43 0.00 0.00 3.06 .67 .08 2.80 2.76 0.00
SR 3 26.91 36.37 8.33 3.68 9.93 0.00 0.00 4.80 .68 .20 3.06 0.00 0.00
SR 4 2 6.80 26.23 13.75 5.13 10.19 0.00 0.00 5.97 .66 .13 1.96 0.00 .53
SR 5 23.29 26.33 23.61 10.84 6.01 0.00 0.00 1.57 • 68 . 14 3.05 3.12 0.00
SR 6 21.75 19.47 30.75 14.92 5.73 0.00 0.00 .52 .68 0.00 0.00 2.81 0.00
SR 7 37.14 41.88 4.05 • 99 3.45 0.00 0.00 2.77 .47 0.00 1.53 2.56 0.00
SR 3 29.12 32.60 2.12 2.77 9.98 0.00 0.00 8.44 .63 0.00 0.00 .36 0 . 00
SR 9 23.60 36.23 14.24 3.95 7.23 0.00 0.00 2.68 .68 0 . 00 0.00 3.53 0.00
SR10 43.83 34.29 4.34 1.49 5.52 0.00 0.00 3.52 .71 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
SR11 34.43 39.20 7.39 1.60 4.00 0.00 0.00 3.06 .70 0.00 2.51 1.94 0 . 00
SR12 36.19 46.43 3.64 1.15 3.09 0.00 0.00 2.14 .48 0.00 0 . 00 1.26 0.13
SR13 25.57 28.63 17.42 7.33 8.72 0.00 0.00 3.49 .6 7 . 03 1.79 .59 0.00
SRI 4 39.95 13.39 4.15 1.36 4.41 0.00 0.00 4.31 .6 8 .0 .0 0 0.00 0.00 0.00
SRI? 29.29 4 4 . 15 11.20 2.05 6.71 0.00 0.00 1.73 • 68 0.00 0.00 0 . 00 0 . 00
SR16 31.21 37.75 6.08 1.25 1.71 0.00 0.00 8.33 .66 0.00 1.85 1.51 0.00
SR17 25.73 42.20 12.73 2.06 3.39 0.00 0.00 4.57 .44 .21 1.13 .96 0 . 00
SR15 23.06 34.99 17.85 6.42 5.74 0.00 0.00 2.90 • 91 0.00 .6 5 2.83 0.00
SR19 33:75 36.62 4.70 .94 1.04 0.00 0.00 9.99 .34 .17 1.21 0.00 n . oo
SR20 53.27 27.01 2.66 .55 .10 0.00 0.00 6.63 .60 .05 1.83 0.00 0 . 00
SR21 46.03 26.10 2.45 .67 .24 0.00 0.00 9.96 .67 .32 2.43 0.00 0.00
SR22 35.52 29.43 2.45 .89 .93 0.00 0.00 9.41 . 43 .44 3.53 0.00 0 . 00
SR23 49.85 23.57 2.00 • 47 1.14 0.00 0.00 7.76 • 45 .92 2.06 0.00 0.00
SR24 56.17 29.59 3.07 .42 .5 3 0.00 0.00 4.60 .47 0.00 1.63 0.00 0.00
SR25 35.79 36.46 3.79 .40 1 .2 5 0.00 0.00 8.04 .6 6 0.00 1.27 0.00 0.00
SR26 44.65 18.63 2.11 .48 .33 0.00 0.00 1 2 .7 6 .61 0.00 2.92 0.00 0.00
SR27 44.91 31.31 2.84 .95 .86 0.00 0.00 8,33 .45 0.00 0.00 .14 0.00
SR23 44.44 31.33 3.09 0.00 .5 0 0.00 .24 9.27 .4 5 0.00 0.00 0 . 00 0.00
SR30 54.57 25.80 2.13 .48 .54 0.00 0.00 7.16 .45 0.00 • 40 . 09 0.00
SR31 52.16 28.19 2.64 .62 1.49 0.00 0.00 5.24 .4 6 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
SR32 30.99 24.67 11.23 6.40 8.00 0.00 .4 5 5.34 .65 .20 5.31 1.96 0.00
SR33 25.99 16.39 15.01 3.90 12.39 0.00 .42 7.70 .62 .09 5.92 0.00 0 . 00
SR34 53.76 15.54 .16 .41 4.87 0.00 0.00 7.31 .46 .31 2.47 0.00 0 . 00
SR35 43.04 21.23 1.43 .63 .4 7 0.00 0.00 1 2 .9 7 • 81 .01 .63 0.00 0 . 00
SR36 52.32 16.33 .58 .46 5.94 0.00 0.00 8.27 .67 .10 3.99 0.00 0.00
SR37 30.54 36.27 3.61 2.40 6.83 0.00 0.00 5.95 .67 .40 2.41 t.1 5 0 . 00
SR38 31.92 18.73 1 7 . 11 2.88 6.1 9 0.00 0.00 6.45 .66 0.00 0.00 4.68 0 . 00
SR39 8 . 03 18.68 39.11 16.43 12.24 0.00 .43 .00 .94 0 . 00 .96 .36 2.92
SR4 Q 28.13 3.73 30.54 2 1.56 4 .1 9 0.00 0.00 1.15 • 90 0.00 .08 3.62 0.00
296
T able D -1 4 . D ifferen tatio n index of g ranodiorite
from the S anta Rita mine
no m SI02 AL203 K20 NA20 CAO HGO FEO

SR 1 73.93 59.93 15.52 6.04 3.50 1.12 2.16 2.11
SR 2 72.97 59.54 15.62 5.73 4 . 17 1.33 2.19 2.71
SR 3 71.61 60.16 15.21 7.27 1.67 .74 2.25 3.04
SR U 66.83 5 7 . 9 6 1 6 . 02 5.26 2.75 1.29 2.17 3.21
SR 5 73.20 60.62 15.90 5.28 4.72 2.17 2.05 2.26
SR 6 71.97 60.72 16.54 3.89 6.15 2.98 2.01 2.08
SR 7 83.07 6 6 .8 1 12.35 6.38 .81 • 20 1.67 1.09
SR 6 6 3 . 84 5 6 . 05 1 6 . 5 0 6.52 .42 .55 2.45 3.11
SR 9 74.11 59.10 14.36 7.26 2.85 .79 2.47 2.63
SR10 82.47 70.37 11.85 6.86 .87 .30 1.67 1.43
SR11 81.03 6 5 .0 3 13.02 7.84 1.48 .32 1.95 .99
SP12 06.31 68.27 12.62 9.30 .73 .23 .95 1.23
SR13 71.68 6 0.53 15.65 5.74 3.46 1.47 2.64 2.26
SR14 82.50 68.23 13.36 7.63 .83 .27 1.46 1.06
SR15 64.64 66.67 13.62 8.83 2.24 .41 2.21 1.47
SRio 75.04 58.66 17.59 7.55 1.22 .25 .85 .83
SR17 80.66 6 1 . 21 1 6 . 3 6 8.44 2.55 .41 1.69 .54
SR18 75.90 60.20 16.03 7.00 3.57 1.28 2.25 2.00
SR19 75.07 59.43 18.64 7.32 .94 •19 .51 .17
SR20 82.94 7 1 .3 4 12.78 5.40 .53 .11 .05 • 30
SR21 74.58 63.55 15.93 5.22 .49 .13 .37 • 38
SR22 6 7.46 5 5 . 5 1 1 6 . 15 5.90 .49 .18 .13 • 55
SR23 75.42 65.95 13.07 4.71 .40 • 09 .11 .68
SR24 88.83 7 6 .2 0 11.30 5.92 .61 .08 .09 .40
SR25 76.03 6 0.72 16.25 7.29 .76 • 08 • 20 • 76
SR26 65.39 57.45 17.11 3.73 .42 .10 .12 .35
SR27 79.06 66.21 15.54 6.26 .57 .19 • 36 .34
SR28 78.84 6 5 .3 3 16.15 6.27 .62 .15 .18 .29
SR30 82.50 71.79 12.94 5.16 .43 .10 .27 • 26
SR31 82.99 71.65 11.65 5.64 .53 .12 .16 .79
SR32 66.89 59.09 15.06 4.93 2.25 1.56 2.36 2.52
SR33 57.39 52.59 15.54 3.28 3.00 1.85 2.84 3.53
SR34 74.66 70.90 10.65 3.11 .07 • 08 .68 1.98
SR35 65.75 57.15 17.77 4.26 .29 .13 .23 .41
SR36 69.23 65 .6 ? 11.84 3.27 .12 • 09 .44 2.86
SR37 70.42 58.87 14.89 7.25 .72 •48 2.20 2.93
SR36 67.01 5 7 . 70 1 4 . 78 3.76 3.42 .58 1.75 3.04
SR39 66.62 56.20 18.13 3 . 74 7.82 5.05 3.01 3.60
SR40 62.40 59.41 16.62 .75 6.11 4.31 2.04 1.66
T able D -1 5 . D .I .P .W . norm o f g ran o d io rlte from th e Brenda mine
NO QUART ORTHO A L B I T ANORT HYPER HOLLA A P A T I CORUN I L ME N R U T I L HEM MAG

8 2 14.88 20.16 27.19 16.64 16.21 .39 0.00 0.00 .91 0.00 0.00 0.00
B 4 19.85 19.34 24.67 18.19 11.93 0.00 0.00 .15 .23 O. CO 0.30 .70
0 5 16.26 18.86 29.70 17.76 11.01 1.08 0.00 0.00 .34 0 . CO 0.00 1.41
B 8 20.18 16.16 29.88 18.76 8.37 .45 0.00 0.00 .23 O. CO 0.00 2.84
8 9 17.29 15.05 31.68 18.19 1 1 .5 2 1.67 0.00 0.0 0 • 47 0.00 0.00 2.17
069 18.37 19.68 28.68 16.07 10.54 1.25 0.00 0.00 .23 0.00 0.00 1.42
810 19.91 14.49 26.89 10.92 1 2.18 0.00 0.00 4.55 .4 3 0.00 0.00 0.00
313 18.00 14.58 31.89 13.97 11.08 0.00 0.00 .24 .3 4 0.00 0.00 1.40
014 16.64 13.04 30.36 22.10 1 0 .4 1 0.00 0.00 .20 .34 O. CO 0 . 00 2.73
023 18.50 15.83 2 9 .2 6 14.77 10 .8 1 0.00 0.00 2.44 .67 O. CO 0.00 .35
023 21.91 25.41 32.10 11.33 4.88 0.00 0.00 .31 .47 O. CO 0.00 0.00
024 14.77 15.92 31.79 18.81 1 1 .9 9 1.66 o.no 0.00 • 68 0.00 0.00 2.10
026 17.59 10.32 32.9 2 14.48 12.24 0.00 0.00 1.47 .8 4 0 . 00 0 . 00 .65
827 14.60 17.28 29.38 19.76 12.31 .19 0.00 0.00 .90 0.00 0.00 1.05
030 24.72 15.89 22 .5 2 12.92 10.45 0.00 0.00 2.90 1 . 08 0.00 0 . 00 .33
931 11.92 17.08 33.26 19.16 1 4 .3 7 .39 0.00 0.00 .93 0.00 0.00 0.00
034 15.94 16.42 30.26 18.83 1 2.77 .21 0.00 0.00 1 . 11 0.00 0.00 .69
8 1 19. 66 20.01 29.34 16.16 10.50 0.00 0.00 .08 • 34 0.00 0.00 O.CO
B 3 19.68 17.79 31 .4 6 17.16 8.65 .0 8 0.00 0.00 .35 0.00 0.00 1.44
8 6 18.41 28.00 2 8 .5 7 12.29 7.71 0.00 0.00 .82 .23 0.00 0.00 0.00
8 6 2 3 . 31 13.99 35 .7 0 15.70 7 . 03 0.00 0.00 .33 .23 0.00 0.00 1.41
8 7 22.47 20.10 3 0 .5 3 14.71 7 .9 4 0.00 0.00 .23 .23 0 . 00 0.00 1.45
011 26.77 16.52 31.77 12.62 7.44 0.00 0.00 • 09 .23 0 . 00 0.00 1.09
812 22.04 19.14 30.14 15.45 7.78 .46 0.00 0.00 .23 0.00 0.00 2.15
815 26.05 18.98 29 .8 9 12.77 8.12 .10 0.00 0.00 .23 0 . CO 0.00 .36
816 2 3 . 86 18.31 31.15 13.74 8.45 0.00 0.06 .14 .23 0 . 00 0.00 .71
017 23.22 17.60 34 .7 2 13.65 5.70 .58 0.00 0.00 .2 3 0.00 0.00 2.14
818 22.16 11.06 37.61 16.18 8.63 0.00 0.00 .83 .2 3 0.00 0.00 0.00
819 22.03 16.80 36.91 13.66 6.4 8 0.00 0.00 • 35 .23 0.00 0.00 1.42
B20 21.59 16.46 3 4.99 14.05 7 . 19 0.00 0.00 .80 • 22 0.00 0.00 1.04
021 19.05 16.47 38.51 9.37 7.36 0.00 0.00 2.77 .2 2 0.00 0.00 .69
822 22.55 15.84 36 .3 1 12.76 6.86 0.00 0.03 1.24 .22 O. CO . 0 . 0 0 1.04
825 23.31 22.12 25.4 9 11.14 8.63 0.00 0.00 2.17 .70 0.00 0.00 0.00
828 23.30 15.31 37.35 9.09 4.37 0.00 0.00 2.43 .87 0.00 0 . 00 2.02
029 21.59 16.99 34.91 13.12 6.74 0.00 0.00 .79 .69 O. CO 0.00 1.07
032 21.85 17.34 36.58 13.54 6.09 0.00 0.00 .50 .6 8 0.00 0.00 • .35
033 23.54 20.21 3 3 .1 9 12.92 6.22 0.00 0.00 .32 • 68 0.00 0.00 .70
298
T able D -16 D iffere n tia tio n in d ex of gran o d io rite
from th e Brenda mine
NO 01 S I02 AL203 K20 NA20 CAO MGO F EO

B 2 62.22 58.24 16.13 4.03 5.44 3.53 4 .4 7 3.99
B 4 63.85 59.50 16.22 3.87 4.9 3 3.64 3.1 1 3.15
B 5 6 4 . 82 5 8.54 16.82 3.77 5.94 4.09 3.1 5 2.9 5
B 8 66.22 59.72 16.71 3.23 5.98 3.98 3.39 1.81
B A 64.02 59.20 16.62 3.01 6.34 4.47 3 .4 6 3.19
B69 66.7 4 59.72 16.10 3.94 5.74 3.84 2.94 2.87
BIO 61.29 55.20 17.19 2.90 5.3 8 2.18 2.75 3.50
B13 64.46 59.01 17.12 2.92 6.38 3.79 2.90 3.23
B14 6 0 . 04 56.73 17.72 2.61 6.07 4.42 3.31 2,92
B23 63.58 56.86 17.36 3.17 5.85 2.95 2.21 3.55
B23 79.42 63.39 16.84 5.08 6.4 2 2.27 1.12 1.52
824 62.49 57.75 17.07 3.18 6 . 36 4.59 3.56 3.3 7
B26 60.84 55.50 15.51 2.06 6 .5 8 2.90 3.32 3.40
B27 61.26 56.75 17.24 3.46 5.88 4.05 3.33 3.52
B3Q 63.14 58.16 15.75 3.18 4.50 2.58 2.56 3.23
B31 59.26 55.37 17.13 3.42 6.05 4.03 3.66 3.39
B34 62.63 57.98 16.87 3.28 6.05 3.87 3 .5 2 3.51
B 1 6 9 . 01 60.98 16.41 4.00 5.87 3.23 2.6 6 2.71
B 3 68.93 60.46 16 .71 3.56 6.29 3.4 7 2.52 2.4 1
B 6 74.98 61.12 17.05 5.60 5.71 2.46 1.98 1.96
B 6 73.00 62.91 17.04 2.80 7 . 14 3.14 2.09 1.98
B 7 73.10 62.70 16.24 4.02 6.11 2.94 2.31 2.23
B ll 7 5 . 06 64.51 14.79 3.30 6.25 2.52 1.92 2.25
B12 71.32 61.90 16.04 3.83 6.03 3.32 2.51 2.16
B15 74.92 64.59 14.88 3.80 5.98 2.61 1.92 2.34
816 73.32 63.26 15.53 3 . 66 6 .2 3 2.75 2.20 2.33
B17 75.53 63.21 15.92 3.52 6 . 94 3.02 1.99 1.65
818 70 .83 62.15 17.04 2.21 7.52 3.24 1.98 2.42
B19 75.74 62.96 17.05 3.36 7.38 2.73 1.91 1.88
B20 73.04 61.67 16.71 3.29 7.00 2.81 2.16 1.86
821 74.03 59.47 17.51 3.29 7.70 1.87 1.92 2.07
B22 74.70 62.38 16.78 3.17 7.2 6 2.55 1.9 9 1.8 7
B25 70.92 60.64 16.14 4.42 5.10 2.23 1.81 2.80
828 75.96 60.72 16.60 3.06 7.47 1.82 1.76 1.4 7
B29 73.49 61.35 16.42 3.40 6.98 2.62 1.98 2.02
B32 75.77 62.66 16.70 3.4 7 7.3 2 2.71 1.67 1.73
B33 76.94 63.85 16.17 4.04 6.64 2.58 1.7 7 1.81
T able D -1 7 . C .I .P .W . norm o f g ran o d io rlte from the Thom pson C reek d e p o sit
NO QUART ORTHO A L Q I T ANORT HYPER HO LL A A P A T I CORUN ILMEN RUTIL HEM MAG

TC 1 2 7 .3 4 32.47 24 .54 4.93 1.2 3 0.00 0 . 00 3.99 .24 0.00 0.00 .93
TC 2 2 6 . 12 3 3 . 1 0 2 5 . 0 2 7.18 1.1 2 0.00 0.00 3.00 .24 0.00 0.00 .54
TC 3 23.63 3 6 .27 27.14 5.24 2.7 5 0.00 0.00 1.21 .24 0.00 0 . 00 1.06
TC 26.23 40 .56 18.81 5.04 1.44 0.00 G. 00 3.43 .17 0.00 0.00 o.co
TC 5 34,60 4 8 .0 8 2.04 .28 .92 0.00 0.00 6.27 .00 .11 1.01 0.00
TC 6 2 7 .5 6 38.90 1 2 .0 3 3.79 6.10 0.00 0.00 4.50 • 23 0.00 0.00 0.00
TC 7 2 6 . Oft 1 9 . 0 9 3 1 . 2 6 11.73 5.0 2 0.00 0 . CO 2.26 .35 O. CO 0.00 0.00
TC ft 2 2 .2 5 15.13 35 .10 10.74 6.9 5 0.00 0.09 3.61 .34 0.00 0.00 0.00
TC 9 2 f t . 68 2 4 . 9 9 2 5 . 9 7 5.96 4 .8 1 0.00 0.00 3.73 .23 0.00 0.00 0.00
TC10 2 9 . 6 9 19.4<* 2 7 . 3 6 7.85 5.4 0 0.00 0.00 4.0 3 .44 o.co 0.00 0.00
TC11 2 8 .31 17.74 3 0 .18 11.08 6 . 16 0.00 0.00 1.33 .15 o.co 0.00 0.00
TC12 48.64 21.64 .49 .42 8.97 0.00 0 . 00 7.54 .24 o.co 0.00 0.30
TC 1 3 2 8 . 00 3 0 . 6 7 2 3 . 7 1 7.48 4.8 6 0.00 0.00 1.29 .45 0.00 0.00 0.00
TC14 36 .59 39.76 8.36 .99 3.59 0.00 o.co 6.75 .24 o.co 0.00 0.00
TC15 30.17 34.16 19.37 2.99 4.58 0.00 0 . 00 3.37 .1 6 0.00 0.00 0.00
TC16 3 7 .81 22.03 24.98 4.94 3.37 0.00 0.00 2.6ft • 17 o.co 0.00 0.00
TC17 4 5 .67 29.94 16.15 3.13 3 .1 3 0.00 0.00 .33 .1 2 0.00 0.00 0.00
TClft 41 .86 31.57 15.86 3.50 3.3 7 0.00 0.00 1.39 .12 o.co o.co 0.00
TC19 3 9 . 33 2 3 . 2 1 2 0 . 9 7 6.51 4.3 5 0.00 0.00 1.81 .24 0.00 0 . 00 0.00
TC20 4 5 .7 0 25.08 9.2 4 1.50 5.67 0.00 0.03 4.86 • 16 C.00 0.00 o.co
TC21 4 5 .01 20.62 17.53 6.18 4.73 0.00 0.00 1.36 . *24 0.00 0.00 o.no
TC22 24.91 14.15 44.68 1.31 2.85 0.00 0.00 5.10 .15 o.co 0.00 o.co
TC24 3 6 .7 5 31.97 15.17 6.89 5.2 9 0.00 0.00 .75 .24 0.00 0.00 o.co
TC25 3 2 .3 2 18.59 2 3 .4 2 7.3 9 6 . 81 0.00 0.00 3.82 .67 0 . 00 0.00 0.00
TC26 33 .6 3 16.50 2 8 .0 6 10 .06 5.0 7 0.00 0.00 2.02 .6 7 0.00 0.00 0.00
TC27 33.85 24.13 23.45 5.92 4.7 1 0.00 0.00 2.91 • 22 G .00 0.00 0.00
TC28 4 6 .8 2 25 .32 1.05 .43 4.0 9 0.00 0.00 9.85 .22 0.00 0.00 0.00
TC29 3 4 .5 6 26.70 22 .7 0 6 .0 3 3.57 0.00 0.00 2.17 .23 0.00 0.03 .36
TC30 32.87 28.42 21.07 5 .3 3 3.9 6 0.00 0.00 2.97 • 24 o.co 0 . 00 .37
TC31 3 2 .15 24.24 2 4 .2 5 7.65 4.6 4 0.00 0.00 2.13 .23 0.00 0.00 .72
TC32 31.33 33.19 23.83 5 .5 4 2.3 3 0.00 0.00 1.14 .2 4 0.00 0.00 0.00
TC33 39.89 30.59 19.04 4.7 3 2.1 8 0.00 0.00 • 95 .24 0 . 00 0.00 .33
TC34 38.53 30.06 21.19 5 .2 2 2.11 0.00 0.00 .63 .24 0.00 0.00 .37
300
T able P ^ 1 8 , D iffere n tia tio n index of granodiorite
from the Thompson C reek d e p o sit
HP DI SI02 AL2C3 K20 HA2 C CAO HGO FEO

TC 1 84,36 64,14 17.37 6,49 4.91 .99 ,37 .53
TP 2 84,23 64,42 17.49 6,62 5.00 1.44 • 31 .54
TC 3 8 7 . 04 65.15 15.99 7,25 5.43 1.05 ,26 1.58
TC 4 8 5 . 60 64.59 17.32 8,11 3.76 1.01 • 28 .52
TC 5 64.72 65.24 16.40 9.62 .41 • 06 • 45 • 00
TC 6 78,48 62.68 16.20 7.78 2.4 1 .76 1.2 7 1.88
TC 7 76.43 63.49 17.02 3.82 6.25 2.35 1.05 1.58
TC 8 72,48 60.15 17.95 3.01 7 . 02 2.15 1.33 2.22
TC 9 79,63 64.04 16.30 5 . CO 5.1 9 1.19 .85 1.65
TC 10 76,49 63,61 16.53 3,89 5,47 1.57 .99 1.88
TC11 76,23 64,57 15.85 3.55 6 . 04 2.22 1.10 2.09
TCi.2 70.78 66,57 12.14 4.33 ,10 .08 .74 3.84
TC13 82,38 66,05 15.16 6.13 4.7 4 1.50 • 90 1.76
TC14 64.71 67.65 16.77 7.95 1.67 ,20 • 37 1.52
TC 15 83.70 65.77 15.27 6.83 3 . 87 .60 • 46 1.89
TC16 84.82 69,68 14,06 4.41 5.0 0 .99 ,31 1.44
TC17 91,75 76.14 10.80 5.99 3 .2 3 .63 .38 1.23
T c ie 89.29 73.40 12.28 6.31 3.17 .70 .42 1.31
TC19 83.52 70,62 13.25 4.64 4.1 9 1.30 .75 1.52
TC20 80.02 69.73 12.32 5.02 1.'85 .30 .45 2.44
TC21 83.16 72,74 11.96 4.12 3.51 1.24 ,71 1.75
TC22 83.74 62.16 17.39 2.83 8.94 .26 ,46 1.04
TC24 83.89 70.44 12.94 6.39 3.0 3 1.38 ,55 2.19
TC25 74.32 63.88 15.17 3.72 4.6 8 1.48 • 97 2.70
TC26 78 .18 66,92 14,95 3,30 5.61 2.01 • 99 1.83
TC27 81,44 67.13 14.80 4.83 4.69 1.18 ,80 1.64
TC28 73.18 64.84 15.28 5.06 .21 • 08 .59 1.53
TC29 83.96 68.40 14 .47 5.34 4.5 4 1.21 .63 1.36
TC30 82.35 66.67 15.00 5.68 4.21 1.07 • 68 1.51
TC31 80,63 66,62 14,89 4.85 4.8 5 1.53 • 87 1.76
TC32 88,35 68,92 14.76 6,64 4,77 1.11 .43 .84
TC33 89,52 72,65 12.77 6.12 3.8 1 ,95 .38 • 92
TC34 89,78 72,42 12,97 6,01 4,24 1,04 ,50 • 78
T able D - 1 9 . C .I .P .W . norm of q u a rtz d io rite from th e S ie rrita mine
NO QUART ORTHO A LB IT ANORT HYPER HOLLA APATI CORUN ILMEN RUTIL HE M HAG CAL O L IV I
S 4 5 .7 3 13.47 30.93 22 .24 17 .50 .04 0.00 9.44 .88 0.00 1.68 1.36 o.oc o.co
S 4 .3 2 5 1 .52 18.95 11.55 0 .0 0 0.00 0.00 1.4 8 1 .5 9 0.00 1.27 • 0.00 0. 00 0.06
S 5 6.48 1 3 .5 6 30.35 23.59 13.50 .59 0.00 9 .7 2 .9 3 0.00 2.92 4.33 0 . 00 0.00
S 6 4.6 7 15.39 32 .13 19.36 17 .47 .99 0.00 8.34 .91 o' . 0 0 0.00 1.06 0.00 0.00
S 9 1 4 .42 13.74 30.37 13.40 14 .93 0.00 0.00 1.95 • 90 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 . 00 0.00
S10 1.15 1 2 .4 3 29.37 23 .17 20.32 2.32 0.00 7.80 1.13 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 . 06 0 . 00
S ll 5.45 16.63 3 0.65 21.59 13 .55 2.73 0.00 7.87 .90 0.00 0.00 4.21 0.00 0.00
S12 6.31 1 3 .9 5 32.04 21 .52 13.72 3.10 0.00 9 .6 9 .91 .20 5.81 4.23 0.00 0.00
S13 7 .6 3 18.00 33.07 19.89 11.07 1.60 0.00 9.96 1.17 .09 5.9 2 2.91 0.0 0 0.00
S14 8.06 15.94 32.04 19.09 1 3 .97 2.83 0.00 4.48 1.6 5 .31 2.47 2.93 0.0 0 0.00
S15 7.95 1 6 .1 4 3 2 .45 19.33 14 .87 2.58 0.00 2 .6 5 .9 6 0.00 2.20 2.97 .5 7 0.00
S16 7.33 14.39 31.82 20.72 12.40 4.07 . 0.00 2.65 1.17 .10 3 . 99 4.37 0.0 0 0.00
S17 12.23 1 4 .33 30 .46 20.20 12.25 1.71 0.00 1.85 .93 .40 2.41 3.62 0 . 00 0.00
S18 3.69 1 3 .94 33 .69 23.00 20.30 1.97 0.00 1.04 .96 0.00 0.03 .37 1.7 2 0.00
S19 3.90 14.16 3 1 . 31 21.93 1 6 .93 2.83 0.00 2.39 1.15 0.00 .96 2.86 0 . 00 0.00
S20 7 .2 2 2 4 .2 2 26.66 17.43 15.88 .53 0.00 1.18 .93 0.00 1.07 .36 0.0 0 0.00
302
T able D -2 0 . D iffere n tia tio n index of quartz d io rite
from the S ie rrita mine
NO 01 SI02 A1203 K20 NA 2 0 CAO MGO FEO

S 4 5 0 .i3 50 .03 17 .77 2 . 69 6.19 4.47 4.77 4.83
S 4 70 .79 49.91 20.19 10.30 3.79 2.31 4.48 1.66
S 5 50.40 49.31 18.22 2.71 6.07 5.01 5.05 3.55
S 8 52.18 50.15 17.25 3.08 6.43 4.37 4.9 5 4 .5 4
S 9 58.54 53.72 16.14 2 . 75 6 . 07 2.68 3.54 4.33
SiO 42.95 46.82 17.63 2.49 5.87 6.33 5.33 5.32
S ll 52.73 50.59 18.09 3.33 6.13 5.68 5.1 3 3.45
S12 52.30 53 .92 17 .80 2.79 6.41 5.85 4.71 3.96
S13 56 .69 52.56 18.17 3.60 6.61 4.78 3.47 3.57
Si 4 5 6 . 05 52.89 17.23 3.19 6.41 5.23 5.1 3 3.59
SIS 5 6 . 54 53.56 17.45 3.23 6 .4 9 5.44 5.19 3.63
S16 5 3 . 54 51.58 17.53 2.88 6.3 6 6.18 5.09 3.08
S i? 57.02 54.15 17.04 2.87 6.0 9 4.8 9 3.92 3.81
SI 8 51.32 52.60 18.77 2.79 6 .7 4 6.44 5.66 5.01
S19 49 .37 49.83 17.86 2.83 6 .2 6 5.80 5.92 4.00
S20 58.10 52.93 17.15 4.84 5.3 3 3.75 4.58 3.87
APPENDIX E
REAL VALUES OF CORRELATION COEFFICIENTS
304
I
305
C o rrelatio n c o e ffic ie n ts are m u ltip lied by 100. A bbreviations
u se d are:
Arg e x te n s iv e n e s s of a rg illic a lte ra tio n
D ens d e n sity
DI d iffe re n tia tio n index
FF fre s h n e s s fac to r
Pot e x te n s iv e n e s s of p o ta s s ic a lte ra tio n
Phy e x te n s iv e n e s s o f p h y llic a lte ra tio n
The elem ent sym bols re p re se n t in fa c t the oxide or su lfid e of th a t
e le m e n t.
T able E - l . C o rrela tio n c o e ffic ie n ts of g ran ite porphyry from th e C opper C itie s mine
CRITICAL VALUE FOR 9 9 PERCENT LEVEL OF CONFIDENCE 49

CRITICAL VALUE FOR 95 PERCENT LEVEL OF CONFIDENCE 37
POT PHY ARG S I AL K CA NA FE MG TI H s FE3 MN CU MO P3 ZN NI CR V ZR BA BE SR CL F OI FF OEN

OEN 39 10 0 - 7 4 - 5 4 —14 3 -31 45 16 20 6 20 - 3 0 23 6 16 -11 0 -27 -12 -16 -12 12 4 23 2 13 - 3 8
FF -30 -97 0 23 68 17 7 5 75 -52 -9 -6 -99 -43 19 25 -26 -36 53 0 -11 2 -23 10 ' 16 17 -8 16 - 3 3 66
01 -62 -53 0 71 30 - 2 0 21 79 -90 -5 9 -30 -63 -7 2 52 23 -51 -9 49 0 -7 42 -9 15 9 21 - 2 2 - 1 2 - 6 6 100
F 73 15 0 -4 4 -11 54 - 2 1 - 5 8 70 82 13 41 45 - 5 6 -4 44 26 -30 0 33 - 3 7 -1 -2 5 -16 -46 —26 37 100
CL 31 -25 0 -24 27 56 16 - 1 7 .18 43 2 -ft 23 - 4 3 1 40 21 -14 0 3 -50 -23 —1 8 - 2 3 -3C - 3 6 ICO
SR 12 5 0 -1 7 -13 -42 23 4 7 -1 37 - 0 3 5 2 13 -40 11 0 14 37 52 24 51 35 100
BE -35 -9 0 -2 12 - 4 2 9 41 -37 -40 45 - 1 0 - 3 0 55 26 -23 -48 52 0 -8 34 23 27 56 100
HA -11 -14 0 -8 4 -13 12 1ft -17 -4 71 - 1 3 - 1 8 22 11 -10 -35 44 0 29 51 51 47 ICO
ZR -9 -8 0 29 - 0 - 1 8 10 11 -8 -11 24 - 2 5 -9 7 -a -22 -36 11 0 -6 24 23 100
V 11 21 0 14 - 1 3 - 2 5 - 2 3 -1 3 7 36 23 -7 12 -1 5 -12 - 4 • 0 61 53 100
CR -17 2 0 36 - 1 9 - 4 6 - 2 7 39 -46 -31 15 -1 -45 44 7 -27 -16 32 0 43 100
NI 25 5 0 4 11 26 - 3 2 -7 6 25 16 22 10 -7 -2 32 -3 -1 0 100
ZN 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Pf! -22 -50 0 18 29 - 2 6 44 68 -53 -29 11 - 3 6 - 6 8 56 49 -47 -47 100
MO 12 35 0 9 -51 10 - 3 9 - 4 9 10 9 -16 17 25 - 2 8 -25 37 100
CU 37 17 0 -30 -3 66 - 1 7 - 6 0 40 44 36 14 73 - 5 3 -19 100
MN -12 -23 0 -7 -18 -2 2 12 36 -8 -6 8 -1 9 -23 10 ICO
FE3 -56 -5 0 45 15 - 5 2 4 50 -71 -70 -ft - I S - 6 9 100
X M
35 83 0 -3 3 -45 -1 -7 2 -59 49 21 6 100

TI 6 5 0 -34 -5 11 -0 -23 19 21 100
KG 51 - 1 2 0 -49 2 53 5 -38 6 9 100
FE 69 36 0 -70 -35 28 - 1 6 - 7 0 100
NA -43 -67 0 43 46 - 3 4 47 100
CA -11 -75 0 -4 51 2 100
K 29 -26 0 -27 45 100
AL -19 -66 0 14 100
SI -50 -11 0 100
ARG 0 0 0
PHY 5 100
POT 100
306
T able E -2 . C o rrela tio n c o e ffic ie n ts of q u artz m onzonite from the New C o rn elia mine

POT PHY ARG S I AL K CA NA FE MG TI H s FE3 MN CU MO P8 ZN NI CR V ZR BA BE SR CL F 01 FF OEM

DEN -3 -1 0 -56 -27 -29 7 -9 2 -32 -1 6 -11 12 -5 -6 -17 -2 8 0 14 - 4 —16 45 3 -5 17 12 - 2 3 - 1 9 2 100
FF -45 -95 0 20 46 1 34 59 -35 -6 -11 -69 -52 50 57 -55 -31 -8 0 7 6 -9 -1 19 21 31 4 -22 48 130
01 -26 -45 0 71 -7 . 41 -36 22 -41 -46 -29 -62 -13 -2 26 -2 -16 9 0 0 41 2 —24 12 9 1 26 - 3 100
F 33 13 0 17 -2 24 -17 -22 7 16 -19 -4 45 -31 -30 50 54 8 0 -10 -2 4 -33 -7 -20 -22 14 100
CL 23 -15 0 31 -20 21 -4 -18 -15 -6 -20 -29 -1 -16 -6 15 10 1 0 15 10 - 2 9 -5 9 -20 - 1 8 100
SR -42 -20 0 -15 18 -22 7 17 -34 18 21 -10 -22 51 19 -27 -1 16 0 19 4 -5 8 23 21 130
BE -20 -16 0 -2 14 -17 15 27 -22 3 11 -4 -26 27 32 -35 2 15 0 -3 -14 28 16 2 10 0
BA -27 -12 0 4 7 -1 -3 3 -38 -16 44 -7 -12 19 45 -2 5 56 0 72 42 3 48 100
ZR -12 6 0 -39 -10 -28 23 -3 -19 -9 54 11 -15 41 24 -14 -11 12 0 59 17 21 100
V 1 9 0 7 -14 7 5 -6 -a 11 39 -8 27 -1 -3 24 15 24 0 6 16 100
CR -34 5 0 39 -25 22 -35 -16 -16 -24 34 -30 27 -8 -12 23 -13 25 0 27 100
NT -27 2 0 -14 -2 -18 -1 6 -39 -11 52 5 -4 42 33 10 27 36 0 100
ZN 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
PR -5 11 0 17 -6 4 -6 -4 -32 11 24 8 5 10 31 8 9 100
MO 4 33 0 -15 5 -22 -29 9 -10 33 16 33 23 -2 -26 38 100
CU 36 49 0 20 -65 49 -29 —66 -1 -3 9 4 84
-41
-40
58
—44
100
100 .
MN -32 -52 0 4 28 -9 28 46 -29 -13 -1 -31
FE3 -52 -37 0 -26 37 -37 39 40 -62 14 32 -14 -52 100
0 14 —60 39 -27 -56 29 -1 7 3 100
X V)
21 50
9 73 0 -64 -3 -54 -21 2 22 15 15 100
TI -15 18 0 -21 6 -20 4 - 7 -17 26 100
MG 7 4 0 -19 36 -21 14 11 11 100
FE 32 27 0 -16 -2 -6 -16 - 1 3 100
NA -59 —4 4 0 -26 67 -60 -3 100
CA 12 -42 0 -16 9 2 100
K 47 -16 0 71 -36 100
AL -28 -41 0 -18 100
SI 14 -27 0 100
ARG 0 0 0
PHY 15 100
POT 100
307
T able E -3 . C o rre la tio n c o e ffic ie n ts of q u artz m onzonite from th e M orenci mine
CRITICAL VALUE FOR 9 9 PERCENT LEVEL OF CONFIDENCE AO

POT PHY ARC S I AL K CA NA FE MG TI H S FE3 MN CU MO P0 ZN NI CR #V ZR BA BE SR CL F 01 FF OEN

OEN -27 21 -1 9 - 5 6 -70 -4 7 11 -13 33 -7 -20 -27 51 -8 9 28 - 6 -13 -26 -3 -13 -0 13 -29 -12 8 14 - 6 - 2 8 - 6 100
FF 3 -89 5 - 1 7 46 -40 74 97 -56 51 48 -57 -54 26 46 -4 3 -19 -16 7 -14 -11 0- 1 7 53 -32 82 -11 -43 4 9 100
01 65 -69 -24 52 28 32 18 60 -71 -20 39 -71 -58 4 -1 -29 -15 4 -19 -14 44 - 1 8 28 45 -35 25 - 5 - 2 9 1 00
F -17 42 18 9 -17 0 -30 -36 37 - 1 4 -10 42 20 -3 4 -26 18 28 -12 -26 46 - 6 30 • 12 -35 63 - 3 7 - 1 100
CL -15 14 13 16 - 3 2 -18 8 -17 -12 -18 -3 -1 -4 29 21 -1 6 -13 -36 -9 8 -18 12 14 6 8 100
SR 0 -70 - 8 - 1 8 25 -42 94 71 -38 55 57 -58 -40 34 36 -34 -1 6 -6 -13 -15 - 1 0 13 - 1 6 61 - 2 3 100
BE -15 29 33 6 -13 -4 -26 -30 41 - 1 0 5 47 12 -15 -18 2 20 -11 -25 32 - 0 36 6 -13 100
BA 35 -59 -23 2 52 22 54 49 -57 27 57 -39 -71 53 26 -51 -9 12 -7 -7 6 10 - 2 0 100
ZR 33 2 -13 32 - 3 1 16 -15 -11 4 -38 8 -25 11 -33 -18 22 - 7 -13 -31 -8 34 - 8 100
V -8 31 - 8 2 -5 16 -8 5 22 9 IT -19 14 -9 -11 18 -2 -9 61 - 2 2 100
CR 43 -10 -4 65 - 3 1 21 -14 -3 0 -42 36 -32 7 -34 -26 11 23 -8 -23 -10 100
NI -7 14 6 -2 2 7 -10 -15 15 -3 -4 20 -2 -11 -11 - 1 5 39 -3 -11 100
ZN -26 3 16 - 2 1 41 1 -14 3 -8 36 -24 40 -15 12 19 -2 2 -15 4 ICO
pq 22 5 -10 2 19 41 -11 -19 -21 -6 -10 7 -16 27 -2 -1 3 -11 100
MO -10 17 27 13 - 1 3 -5 -12 -18 19 -5 -2 25 6 -25 rl7 4 100
CU 8 36 -14 -1 -51 3 -29 -42 49 - 1 5 -18 8 63 -45 -17 100
MN -16 -35 14 - 3 0 17 -32 40 38 -23 41 21 -13 -21 30 100
FE3 -9 -16 - 7 - 2 3 34 3 23 14 -59 21 -3 -4 -54 100
-22 53 -3 -2 2 -72 -19 -32 -53 86 - 2 0 -29 15 ICO4
10 X
-52 65 48 - 1 2 11 ?. -54 -60 35 1 -50 100

TI 43 -61 -6 15 1 9 5 63 50 -18 31 100
MG -17 -3 9 17 - 4 9 37 -30 61 44 - 7 100
FE -22 53* 2 -2 3 -55 -13 -29 -56 ICO
NA 15 -9 2 6 - 8 49 -30 * 66 100
CA 5 -66 - 2 - 2 4 21 -39 100
K 75 6 -36 32 30 100
AL 13 -47 4 - 5 100
SI 36 -2 - 2 100
ARG -23 -8 100
PHY -45 100
POT 100
308
T able E -4 . C o rre la tio n c o e ffic ie n ts of q u artz m onzonite from th e S ie rrita mine

CRITICAL VALUE FO R .95 PERCENT LEVEL OF CONFIDENCE 39
POT PHY ARC S I AL K CA NA FE MG TI H S FE3 MN CU HO PB ZN NI CR V ZR BA BE SR CL F OI FF DEN

DEN -69 48 0 - 4 7 -60 -6 8 44 -0 21 -17 -32 7 30 5 -8 -17 - 5 0 —46 0 -40 -12 —44 -17 -44 -33 7 21 - 6 -42 30 100
FF -65 -40 0 -12 -16 -73 73 51 34 51 -0 -55 24 17 29 29 14 - 2 9 0 6 -4 -17 -37 -43 12 22 3 11 -57
OI 63 -8 0 61 18 63 - 8 6 -1 -88 -67 -21 -4 -79 26 -15 -49 -35 3 0. 0 —14 —10 16 14 39 -11 -22 2 -36 100
F -11 0 0 -14 8 -19 16 8 36 50 30 -21 44 - 5 29 41 40 - 1 0 0 58 5 36 23 -28 32 -7 8 100
CL 15 -21 0 -2 -24 5 7 -22 .-7 15 10 -24 -8 28 59 3 - 3 -17 0 -14 40 34 -18 19 -24 - 1 2 100
SR -4 -21 0 -50 40 2 27 38 7 34 62 20 - 5 -17 28 -6 -15 -18 0 -5 -19 42 58 28 62 100
OE 11 -28 0 -31 63 11 2 60 2 49 6ft -0 5 -5 25 25 11 - 1 2 0 30 - 3 0 54 67 14 100
PA 46 -4 0 25 13 56 - 4 5 -25 -2 8 -8 33 39 -4 3 12 35 -26 -3 44 0 0 40 59 26 100
ZR 26 12 0 -26 4 5 33 - 2 1 18 -19 5 53 35 -13 -15 7 -27 -33 -8 0 12 - 1 8 52 ICO
V 48 -38 0 —6 4 8 46 - 2 3 11 -17 38 65 -2 -17 13 70 14 14 - 8 . 0 33 28 100
CR 14 -12 0 22 - 2 6 12 6 -58 25 12 -4 -5 17 - 1 2 25 25 25 13 0 38 100
NI 11 -20 0 16 15 7 -2 -4 29 38 26 -17 27 - 2 2 6 42 46 - 6 0 100
ZN 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
P9 28 4 0 45 4 32 - 4 5 -25 -1 -25 -11 18 -20 -1 1 -20 -6 36 100
MO 15 -35 16 - 12 55 59 27 -16 42 - 2 0 19 76 100
cu -3 -32 0 -15 12 - 1 5 33 -3 54 59 21 -30 58 - 2 0 20 100
rN 7 -44 0 -12 10 1 19 14 -1 59 45 -22 - 1 0 42 100
FE3 -21 5 0 30 - 2 9 - 2 3 - 2 0 27 -53 -6 -17 -12 - 4 1 100
24 0 -47 -19 -47 56 -10 84 39 18 -6 10 0
tn x
6 59 0 -38 5 26 - 2 5 -33 9 -18 9 10 0

TI 34 -41 0 -49 65 33 9 33 20 62 100
MG -11 -4 7 0 -38 29 - 1 5 62 20 55 100
FE -40 8 0 -4ft - 9 -40 64 -17 10 0
NA -22 -34 0-22 43 - 2 7 7 100
CA -5 9 -16 3 - 4 5 - 2 1 - 6 3 100
K 97 - 3 0 0 16 62 100
AL 62 - 5 7 0 - 2 9 100
SI 20 - 1 0 0 100
ARC 0 0 0
PHY -42 100
POT 100
309
T ab le E -5 . C o rre la tio n c o e ffic ie n ts o f q u a rtz m onzonite from th e C o p p er C itie s mine
CRITICAL VALUE FOR 9 9 PERCENT LEVEL OF CONFIDENCE 5 6

POT PHY ARC S I AL K CA NA FE MG TX H S F E 3 MN CU MO PB ZN NI CR V ZR BA BE SR CL F O I FF DEN

DEN 18 9 3 -7 -2 6 -20 10 16 6 2 -5 -26 22 - 6 16 z -7 5 0 -29 -3 6 -40 40 -46 2 -14 l 4 - 2 3 - 1 4 100
FF -13 -9 6 9 65 -13 65 - 2 3 - 6 0 - 2 -23 59 - 5 18 - 1 6 11 2 7 27 12 0 59 39 16 25 42 4 9 49 - 3 5 21 5 9 100
OT -6 6 -67 9 50 19 61 6 -19 -12 -7 8 -7 6 -1 6 -29 21 3 3 0 25 24 20 -2 21 18 - 2 - 3 0 - 7 ICO
f - 1 2 -18 0 29 -1 5 -26 -7 - 6 17 -64 56 25 - 1 0 13 63 - 1 5 12 -17 0 11 -21 -9 26 19 54 4 7 13 100
CL -31 47 0 -22 35 6 -18 6 13 21 - 1 2 11 6 -0 -22 18 -18 -30 0 -32 -33 -6 -8 -26 - 2 1 2 100
SR -2 3 -42 0 33 1 -7 -3 10 - 1 4 -16 80 - 1 -6 7 6 27 -16 20 0 64 13 38 45 68 45 100
BE -9 -47 0 34 - 3 8 - 2 4 - 1 4 -6 -13 -7 44 20 3 33 11 - 7 - 5 - 7 0 9 -14 -3 40 28 100
PA -2 7 -35 9 35 26 4 21 0 -9 -9 65 - 1 6 -7 9 -2 21 6 25 0 56 18 57 9 100
ZR -33 -16 9 23 - 3 8 - 1 7 - 3 0 - 1 8 8 13 55 23 45 - 4 10 45 -32 62 0 19 -15 30 100
V -34 -6 9 4 -7 3 - 2 3 - 2 9 10 33 41 9 27 - 2 5 - 2 6 57 -15 55 0 56 12 100
CR 36 - 4 9 0 14 -2 31 - 3 5 - 2 5 - 4 -5 17 23 - 3 0 - 1 3 610 38 1 0 36 100
NI -1 9 -56 9 36 - 1 8 27 - 4 - 2 3 - 1 7 -25 63 - 1 8 0 - 2 5 10 31 -3 45 0 100
ZN 0 8 8 9 0 0 0 9 1 ) 9 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0
P3 - 37 -1 8 13 - 2 7 - 1 5 - 4 - 27 - 14 15 42 -9 32 8 21 38
- 1 9 100
no 38 - 3 5 9 23 16 18 - 1 3 - 2 8 -1 - 15 86 - 2 6 9 19-22 100
CU -6 2 -16 9 -6 -6 28 - 5 7 - 5 2 51 39 46 32 100
70 - 4 5 - 2 0
MM 32 - 2 0 0 -4 -35 -31 4 -17 20 - 2 2 40 -7 6 27 100
FE3 - 6 16 0 -16 7 -58 31 29 - 5 9 21 3 - 1 0 - 5 3 100
-23 -12 0 2 -23 14 - 3 9 - 4 4 69 19 23 14 100
irt X
- 3 6 0 -2 2 -25 -0 -7 7 -4 2 42 20 14 100
TI -2 7 -52 9 36 - 1 2 -1 -2 1 -29 14 - 1 2 100
MC - 2 24 0 -63 - 4 -12 -3 2 -1 1 3 ICO
FE 13 - 2 3 -20 -18 11 - 5 0 - 4 7 100
NA 11 37 0 -10 48 - 3 9 75 100
CA - 6 24 9 15 4 7 - 2 3 109
K -1 8 -40 0 40 2 6 100
AL -32 21 8 15*100
SI -31 -56 8 100
ARC 0 0 9
PHY - 1 5 109
POT 100
o
T able E - 6 . C o rrela tio n c o e ffic ie n ts of q u a rtz m onzonite from the M ineral Park mine
CRITICAL VALUE FOR 9 9 PERCENT LEVEL OF CONFIDENCE A2

POT PHY ARG SI AL K CA NA FE MG TI H s FE3 MN CU MO PO ZN NI CR V ZR BA BE SR CL F OI FF DEN

DEN 16 36 - 3 9 -38 -39 4 -30 -26 58 5 -43 -35 65 -5 3 6 45 15 36 21 -24 -43 '-2 1 -36 -39 17 -57 -36 38 - 6 9 100
FT 19 -33 -74 48 -23 87 6 56 -15 21 -43 -85 -19 -1 8 -8 -2 1 11 -24 -8 -48 8 -41 -50 24 -26 -11 24 -9 8 5 100
01 -0 -2 2 -64 81 -39 72 1 35 -42 -8 -52 -82 -44 -16 -6 -52 10 -28 -13 -50 18 —41 -41 15
-17
-23
26
-14
-37
35 - 2 8 100
- 1 7 ICO
F -1 50 - 2 9 -41 12 8 2 -21 36 66 6 -5 49 -33 14 37 29 55 64 -19 -56 22 -20
CL -15 -10 -12 44 -8 13 -9 27 -31 5 6 -20 -26 20 0 -25 19 -14 16 -11 39 11 • 17 30 -17 11 100
SR -11 -64 61 -1 33 -15 9 18 -37 -28 74 48 -39 48 - 3 2 - 1 7 -8 -38 -30 30 50 34 57 39 4 100
DE -19 23 12 -11 -18 -29 -11 -40 24 -3 22 14 25 -9 12 1 -2 5 • 21 21 9 24 -4 -10 100
BA -3 -23 -5 20 15 25 48 18 -26 19 29 -6 -31 33 - 6 - 2 1 6 -36 -7 -6 21 32 17 100
ZR -24 -10 61 -21 34 -50 1 -4 -34 -30 70 62 -28 67 -7 -1 -3 4 -5 30 39 35 100
V -0 -8 45 -24 21 -26 39 -36 -9 25 58 49 -3 11 39 8 13 30 44 48 -10 103
CR -4 -39 22 35 —8 -16 9 38 -31 -32 31 6 -40 52 1 -35 -12 -28 -25 29 100
NI 26 -31 64 -18 -2 -55 45 -17 13 5 52 56 1 19 52
-22 57 24
8 -17
-3
20
76
16
100
100
ZN 6 35 -1 9 -11 -8 -2 33 -22 15 55 10 -7 26
pn 11 39 - 8 -29 -5 -20 26 -22 17 43 3 5 30 -15 58 43 -10 100
MO -0 5 -14 -3 3 20 -14 -3 -2 17 -1 -12 2 -21 -5 -6 100
cu 36 22 -4 -59 -5 -20 -19 -14 73 25 5 7 80 -14 -6 100
MN 11 17 - 7 -2 -2 -5 62 -10 - 8 47 4 1 -7 - 6 100
FE3 -4 -19 32 3 27 -25 15 22 -35 -8 50 33 -39 100
29 40 - 1 8 -48 -33 -22 -33 -30 94 22 -15 -10 100
l/> s
-21 -8 91 -55 55 -72 10 -25 -10 -18 67 100

TI -5 -29 64 -35 44 -38 21 -1 -16 7 100
MG 25 20 - 4 0 -23 22 33 49 19 18 100
FE 40 28 - 1 5 -44 -37 -21 -25 -24 100
NA 17 -47*-23 9 30 40 15 100
CA 14 -22 8 8 15 7 too
K 25 -19 -73 30 9 100
AL -14 -7 29 -53 100
SI -14 - 1 6 —32 100
ARG -13 - 3 6 100
PHY -33 100
POT 100
311
T able E - 7 . C o rre la tio n c o e ffic ie n ts of g ran o d io rite from th e S anta R ita mine

POT PMV ARC SI AL K CA NA FE MG TI H S FES MN CU MO PB ZN NI CR V ZR BA BE SR CL F OI FF OEM

DEN 12 -4 2 -30 -54 -31 -35 53 54 56 60 11 -39 5 31 42 -30 -1 28 19 16 - 1 3 9 16 -51 46 26 7 21 -28 50 100
FF 9 -36 -45 -47 17 -12 83 93 50 75 45 -66 - 3 7 46 48 -65 -27 29 13 18 - 3 1 25 20 -21 63 58 25 13 - 1 7 100
or 58 14 -39 82 -48 65 - 4 5 - 3 7 -57 -36 -39 -50 -2 3 -4 -49 7 4 -15 -29 -9 67 - 3 3 -54 11 -59 -31 28 - 1 5 100
F 27 -9 -32 -32 3 32 -4 2 44 57 13 -3 5 -9 -0 -28 -24 39 47 65 - 2 0 34 6 0 34 -12 16 100
CL 31 -31 -16 19 -17 13 22 . 16 -9 18 31 -43 -27 4 -17 -31 -13 -18 -24 0 26 12 5 -3 -10 - 6 100
SR -29 -41 -14 -35 28 -37 61 63 24 31 29 -22 -5 17 2 6 -23 -18 -5 -11 -0 -36 -4 26 -5 57 100
BE -18 -49 -18 -68 26 -33 60 67 72 74 49 -11 -8 22 6 4 -56 -29 41 37 33 - 5 1 28 52 -18 100
BA 6 13 12 3 44 51 - 3 6 - 3 0 -31 -20 5 28 -8 - 4 -26 20 16 1 -7 6 1 15 -21 100
ZR -24 -20 17 -49 33 -38 36 37 32 31 53 20 - 0 28 53 -38 -25 16 19 - 3 - 6 0 17 100
V 9 -34 8 -42 15 4 13 21 36 43 40 3 13 27 24 -23 -8 32 • 23 32 - 7 100
CR 37 20 - 7 68 -67 31 - 4 3 - 4 7 -35 -3 5 -29 -25 3 -1 7 -49 26 7 -10 -28 - 7 100
NI 29 - 1 5 - 3 1 -22 -1 26 5 6 43 43 18 -10 -8 -5 -2 -19 -15 32 73 100
ZN 7 -7 -17 -3 4 -2 5 1 7 54 46 4 8 -5 16 37 -23 6 51 100
P0 23 - 2 1 - 3 6 -40 -1 26 1 17 55 57 12 -13 - 1 6 54 52 -31 -8 100
HO 12 6 34 3 -7 3 -2 3 -26 -27 -2 5 -31 24 0 1 -15 40 100
CU -5 50 39 26 -9 3 -4 7 -59 -33 -66 -38 41 43 -4 2 - 4 8 100
MN -12 -40 -11 -56 4 -35 4 6 58 68 63 22 -13 6 40 100
FE3 15 - 3 7 - 3 4 -35 7 13 21 34 17 40 17 -30 - 2 7 100
- 8 31 22 -4 -30 -21 -2 2 -26 24 -6 -27 22 100
Z VI
- 5 2 55 71 -19 40 -23 -4 5 -50 -20 -4 4 -8 100

TI -14 -39 -6 -42 39 -21 51 46 33 41 100
MG 19 - 6 2 - 4 9 -63 3 -1 59 66 80 100
FE -6 -3 7 -2 6 -64 -6 -30 49 53 100
NA -6 -60 -2 7 -56 25 -37 9 2 100
CA -17 -70 -20 -53 24 - 5 0 100
K 66 7 -44 31 -0 100
AL -37 -11 17 -50 100
SI 22 4 3 - 6 100
ARG -29 9 103
PHY - 3 6 100
POT 130
312
T able E - 8 . C o rre la tio n c o e ffic ie n ts of g ran o d io rite from the Brenda mine

POT PHY ARG SI AL K CA NA FE MG TI H S FE3 MN cu MO PO ZN HI CR V ZR BA BE SR CL F OI FF OEM

17 -43 12 -70 -8 -46 62 -23 53 56 20 -1 3 24 42 2 -4 -37 -29 4 13 23 5 13 20 17 23 14 - 6 3 26 100
OEM
FF -41 —81 -44 19 -0 1 57 34 -19 22 -28 * 8 2 *46 52 -6 -16 -11 -18 -32 -18 -12 -23 -2 7 -20 -9 -25 16 - 6 13 100
OI -53 24 -34 93 -6 42 -67 61 -90 -87 -42 • 4 1 *24 -4 -56 —11 13 3 -8 -7 -1 6 -46 -10 - 2 - 3 3 - 2 4 - 1 3 - 4 8 100
F 17 -5 9 -38 -14 4 20 -51 52 61 30 14 27 - 2 23 36 1 28 35 - 1 1 29 29 -8 -11 47 8 - 6 100
-11 -11 -17 -5 -7 23 -2 9 17 46 • 5 * 16 18 55 -18 -1 0 -1 9 -9 46 49 55 20 57 6 54 ICO
CL -9
SR 6 23 9 -31 -10 —10 -1 -15 29 10 76 29 20 - 1 8 71 10 8 -8 11 67 71 79 49 79 20 130
BE 11 -2 22 -28 -19 -8 10 -32 40 33 33 19 12 -17 38 22 3 3 -0 29 37 -2 4 100
BA -3 28 -10 -16 15 14 -11 -10 7 -16 60 16 8 -18 57 -14 -1 3 5 59 65 67 50 100
ZR 6 29 -3 -17 -1 -4 -8 -11 3 -3 63 25 9 -0 51 9 -8 5 65 56 53 100
V 17 13 15 -50 -1 -9 14 -34 51 35 91 38 16 - 1 6 85 4 -13 26 74 77 100
CR 4 9 7 -22 -13 11 -2 -21 21 17 79 18 10 -25 68 11 -9 15 74 100
MI 5 14 13 -16 -2 -9 -9 4 9 -1 76 28 -4 -1 8 69 -11 -9 21 100
in -1 38 -1 -1 -1 22 -17 -35 20 -3 22 25 24 -20 2 9 3 100
PO 2 23 -7 12 6 35 -12 -27 7 -9 5 12 7 -18 -10 -2 -2 100
MO -1 15 -7 22 -53 2 -13 -12 -2 -10 -8 19 -4 -12 44 100
cu 10 15 -8 1 -56 19 3 -47 17 21 3 -19 77 -7 -2 100
MN 31 -14 13 -58 —3 —20 34 -30 57 51 87 28 1 -12 100
FE3 -39 -34 -18 -3 0 -31 44 20 -27 18 -29 39 - 2 6 100
S 10 43 16 -17 -37 8 -9 -56 33 11 9 11 100
H 44 51 68 -52 20 -28 -33 -23 40 8 45
TI 25 14 19 -48 -2 -11 4 -26 49 33 100
MG 41 -53 18 -75 -6 -27 77 -51 78 100
FE 53 -16 30 -81 -7 -25 50 -66 100
NA -46 -12 -9 45 30 -27 -32 100
CA 23 -73 -18 -52 2 -24 100
K 9 6 -38 43. -2 100
AL 10 -2 -10 -23 100
SI -50 18 -41 100
ARG 27 6 100
PHY -15 100
POT 100
313
Table E -9 , C o rrela tio n c o e ffic ie n ts of g ran o d io rite from the Thompson C reek d e p o sit
CRITICAL VALUE FOR 99 PERCENT LEVEL OF CONFIDENCE <*2

POT PHY ARG S I AL K CA NA FE MG TI H S FE3 MN CU MO PB ZN NI CR 'V ZR BA BE SR CL F 01 FF DEN

DEN -24 45 6 -65 -65 -39 -2 4 -35 42 4 -2 4 53 -13 7 -35 13 -2 9 -15 -99 -12 -34 -2 -31 -17 -13 -19 34 - 3 1 - 3 2 100
FF -2 3 -8 2 -11 6 32 -38 84 88 3 44 39 -38 -70 -17 42 -18 1 -6 0 27 -9 10 59 34 28 70 26 -32 3 100
01 74 - 4 7 -9 71 -16 55 -25 2 —68 -70 -47 -74 -3 9 28 -96 33 33 -16 -16 28 15 25 -55 10 -13 7 -10 - 5 5 100
29 19 56 38 -19 3 -20 -17 4 11 -28 -19 -4 . 17 -14 17 -24 12 100
0
F 54 36 - 4 3 -3 -26 -1 7 -25 31
1
CL -13 -17 17 -3 30 -15 16 36 -1 19 15 11 - 2 7 -5 18 10 -19 22 19 21 6 13 13 6 36 9 100

SR -9 -6 1 -2 1 13 1 -35 70 56 16 21 39 -49 -44 -11 46 -6 -11 -7 10 8 1 13 51 44 20 100
BE -41 -4 43 -2 19 -44 12 47 6 10 17 21 - 1 8 -16 14 -22 18 9 0 16 3 -3 11 2 100
BA 21 - 4 4 - 2 2 20 16 19 35 12 5 15 21 -27 -31 7 5 21 -11 -5 22 26 -6 35 10 100
ZR -4 7 - 2 1 -18 - 3 5 .33 -51 74 47 33 68 68 11 - 2 6 -13 74 -26 -34 16 26 1 -9 -24 100
V 22 - 2 2 - 1 1 33 15 23 13 9 -26 -17 3 -1 9 -14 -7 -33 31 -1 -4 -5 34 -5 100
CR 17 -2 -6 a 17 23 -25 -2 -6 -28 -40 - 3 3 2 -22 22 -21 19 20 15 100
NI 23 - 4 0 -8 63 66 40 21 33 —40 -5 0 0 -46 12 -10 38 -17 32 15 100
ZN 9 -5 -13 -0 25 7 -2 -8 25 16 1 1 4 1 -20 29 36 -13 54 100
P9 17 -4 -2 -3 48 17 9 5 -5 9 -2 14 3 -14 27 31 -17 100
NO 3 -5 33 11 -26 -12 -23 10 -19 -23 -29 -20 -6 2 -16 -11 100
cu 53 - 1 4 - 2 0 32 26 57 -2 0 -15 -20 -45 -20 -23 6 31 -36 100
MN -4 9 -1 1 -15 -2 8 5 -62 63 34 51 65 51 13 - 1 1 -23 ICO
FE3 45 - 1 0 - 1 2 2 20 49 -1 6 -13 -51 -30 -11 -5 -19 100
7 -31 -40 -12 -4 9 -58 43 -18 -24 35 100
crt x
-25 82
-52 66 44 - 5 2 34 -19 -2 6 -19 27 35 15 100
TI -3 2 -1 8 -18 -2 7 20 -36 58 28 32 57 100
MG -56 -9 -13 -4 1 18 -49 60 27 52 100 *
FE -58 32* - 1 3 —4 0 -33 -51 17 -7 100
NA -27 -6 9 23 -3 46 -43 6 6 100
CA -2 9 -62 -36 -3 28 - 4 0 100
K 88 —14 - 2 8 38 26 100
AL 7 -36 15 - 1 2 100
SI 40 - 2 9 - 2 6 100
ARC -29 24 100
PHY - 3 6 ICO
POT 100
314
T able E -1 0 . C o rrela tio n c o e ffic ie n ts of q u a rtz d io rite from the S ie rrita mine

POT PHY ARG S I AL K CA NA FE MG TI H S F63 MN CU MO PB ZN NI CR V ZR BA BE SR CL F 01 FF DEN

0 -0 -3 11 - 1 - 1 4 - 2 0 38 3 -5 6 5 4 -6 -20 28 0 14 36 31 - 1 3 3 55 13 26 23 1 - 7 100
DEN -66 59
-42 -7 0 0 4 21 14 8 -5 - 2 5 5 20 -12 -3 23 -6 20 17 -8 0 12 3 8 37 29 28 20 -32 20 - 4 2 1 00
FF
01 66 7 0 -1 3 0 -1 5 -15 19 32 -11 30 -6 -17 -4 -3 -37 7 0 2 -1 - 3 -2 0 -10 -23 -14 5 1 10 0
F -16 -q 0 -17 -6 7 -3 8 -25 1 -7 -17 15 48 - 2 2 -21 54 -6 -2 0 -14 -5 -2 2 -1 -7 52 -4 0 - 4 9 ICO
-35 61 0 21 11 7 32 4 T34 31 7 -16 -66 40 40 -55 25 -8 0 47 12 61 13 35 —23 53 100
CL
SR -26 -0 3 17 - 1 5 - 3 0 63 52 - 5 45 13 -40 -55 69 68 -62 37 -41 0 69 41 35 4 8 -9 190
-39 2 0 24 - 0 18 - 4 3 - 1 6 - 1 2 -5 23 40 40 - 2 3 -1 26 6 39 0 11 54 21 28 21 100
BE
BA -46 7 0 51 64 7 9 - 4 1 - 5 1 - 6 9 3 57 16 -26 -1 2 5 15 15 51 0 24 24 67 60 100
ZR -29 —16 0 57 4 6 49 - 2 5 - 1 5 -29 8 52 16 -21 -2 4 24 -1 2 32 0 45 45 50 100
V -46 30 0 22 50 51 9 -35 -54 50 59 -12 -38 - 0 32 2 11 38 0 44 31 100
CR -20 13 0 46 - 7 -9 3 35 7 35 39 11 0 -1 53 -32 -17 20 0 64 100
NI -20 3 0 25 - 1 3 - 2 6 52 38 7 53 23 -15 - 3 7 36
0 0
80
0
-48
0
6
0
-37
0
0 100
0
ZN 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
P8 -21 25 0 45 63 60 - 6 6 - 5 0 - 4 8 -9 59 34 9-4 8 -39 41 -14 100
MO -10 -10 0 23 - 1 0 -8 3 11 - 1 2 -42 3 7 -33 32 22 -17 100
CU 0 -21 0 -17 41 53 - 5 0 - 6 2 - 4 0 -22 39 20 47 - 3 0 -54 100
MN 2 5 0 25 - 3 2 - 4 4 59 51 33 39 7 -42 -34 17 100
FE3 -32 2 0 3 -10 -3 5 54 44 - 3 1 10 -4 -19 - 5 7 100
-16 0 -47 -28 -1 -3 7 -32 34 -19 -14 23 10 0
V) X
26
10 -2 0 22 -2 20 - 7 1 - 2 9 - 1 0 -47 -0 100
TI -19 -6 0 50 76 60 - 1 1 - 1 4 - 4 9 26 100
MG -19 10 0 -15 21 - 3 54 9 4 100
FE 65 -25 0 -26 -67 -74 30 51 100
NA 23 -13 0 25 - 4 0 - 7 6 5 7 100
CA -2 -6 0 - 3 1 - 3 0 - 6 2 100
K -36 14 0 30 64 100
AL -25 -3 0 42 100
SI »11 0 100
ARG 0 0
PHY - 3 5 100
POT 100
315
T ab le E - l 1 <. C o rre la tio n c o e ffic ie n ts o f th e 97 sa m p le s of fre sh ro c k s
t R I T I C & L VALUE TOR 9 9 PERCENT LEVEL UF CONFIDENCE 2 6

CRITICAL VALUE FOR 95 PERCENT LEVEL OF CONFIDENCE 2 0
PCIr p m ’r ARC S I AL X CA NA FE MG TI H s FE 3 MN CU MO PB 2N NI CR V ZR BA BE SR CL F T>I FRH DEN

DEN - 3 - 2 3 -5 -63 3 -44 52 -13 LL 44 8 11 15 14 34 -13 -1 3 -19 -5 26 25 30 4 -1 -13 -0 14 19 - 5 4 23 100
FRH - 5 0 - 7 7 -9 -13 29 6 15 12 0 9 28 - 3 9 •18 30 - 6 -24 -10 17 -22 20 6 1 9 -12 6 15 16 18 - 1 100
m -26 23 -11 92 -52 71 -94 -6 -89 -9 4 -33 -54 23 - 2 8 - 6 3 3 4 39 33 - 7 0 -1 2 13 -1 -1 7 -36 100
F 6 -16 -3 -35 11 6 22 -33 43 36 38 47 -1 9 18 12 15 -18 42 -1 20 21 - 3 2 4 3 -12 1 100
CL 0 0 7 -16 0 -Q 24 -10 14 19 25 •12 12 25 -7 -7 -2 -8 27 2 25 21 5 -6 7 100
SR -5 -1 6 -11 7 -16 2 17 -16 -1 30 •15 28 8 -16 -6 -5 5 12 10 8 17 27 1 100
DE -17 27 1 18 -25 24 -18 -3i -r -15 26 10 1 -4 -9 6 34 15 10 -4 34 - 8 100
8A 3 13 -27 9 5 -16 2 17 -4 -5 -0 •35 3 52 -32 4 -15 14 21 30 2 100
ZR -2 11 22 -6 -12 12 2 -25 -4 -2 55 4 9 7 4 -1 -1 8 21 46 19 13 100
V 27 11 10 - 5 9 35 -42 69 -2 66 72 50 37 8 14 74 1 7 -25 -0 70 9 100
CR 18 16 -3 33 -28 56 -40 -30 -23 -24 31 - 2 5 3 -20 -7 21 20 29 -17 11 100
NI 19 21 4 -56 37 -30 60 -0 52 65 66 31 9 27 46 -10 -5 -8 -1 1
ZN -9 -10 2 1 3 -33 -3 30 -3 -1 •26 16 24 19 -9 4 -9 100
P8 21 4 -20 35 -31 49 -37 -27 -32 -34 17 -1 2 -26 -2 25 100
HO 18 -2 -4 13 13 13 -6 -11 7 -6 1 -3 5 - 1 7 . 11 11 100
cu 31 13 -5 5 -23 36 -14 -36-1 -2 9 67 - 2 8 - 3 5 100
MN 3 -13 3 -47 35 -54 63 6 63 56 2 5 17 9 100
FE3 -43 -5 15 - 3 5 9 -39 32 21 -7 29 25 32 100
-5 -27 -9 15 7 -33 33 21 20 -9 100
in x
16 13
-8 32 . 19 - 4 7 20 -59 37 13 37 40 1006
TI 12 9 13 - 3 9 16 -3 31 -10 23 37 100
HC 5 -26 1 -67 51 -57 89 6 86 100
FE 11 -23 -7 -77 53 -47 61 -5 100
NA -22 -17 3 -15 55 -51 14 100
CA -8 -30 22 - 8 4 52 -70 100
K 50 2 -55 65 -47 100
AL 17 -44 0 -45 100
SI 10 28 - 6 100
ARC -12 -5 too
PHY -14 100
POT 100
316
T able E -1 2 . C o rrela tio n c o e ffic ie n ts of th e 305 sam p les

P01r PHY ARC S I AL K CA NA FE MG TI H S FE3 MN CU MO PB ZN NI CR 'V ZR BA BE SR CL F OI FRH DEN

DEN -1 6 -2 6 -2 5 -55 -22 -46 47 27 <♦9 42 4 -37 27 1 26 3 -2 -5 -15 15 —16 12 -0 -4
-25 7 -1 - 3 - 3 7 36 100
FRH -6 - 9 1 - 4 1 —14 31 - 2 9 74 66 16 54 12 - 9 1 - 2 8 11 32 - 2 8 - 7 -20 -31 19 -3 23 - 1 4 76 4 5 6 —44 -2
OI 24 2 -26 61 -29 60 -57 -4 -71 -35 -33 -3 0 -15 -46 -12 9 -1 -8 -4 3 34 - 4 8-1 2 13 - 7 - 5 - 1 3 100
F -7 51 -2 -14 -17 21 -36 -51 15 -10 13 39 37 -1 6 -17 16 6 33 26 8 -11 -15•11 24 - 3 6
-26 1 100
CL 9 -3 6 -19 3 -6 8 10 -9 -3 19 27 - 6 -10 13 9 -1 -9 -7 -13 20 16 24 21 -22 3 100
4
SR -21 -29 3 -9 25 - 2 9 41 47 1 23 19 - 2 3 - 2 9 14 30 - 2 5 -0 -13 -17 172 30 -0 11 100
35
BE -13 21 4 11 -3 0 -6 6 4 -15 4 —4 -2 -6 2 -21 11 5 -2 52 -4 -12 100
14
BA 17 2 7 10 26 16 9 6 14 6 16 3 -37 12 -21
25 3-6 -9 12
14 44-6 100
7R 5 6 13 - 6 -1 1 -7 -7 -4 -6 32 11 7 2 -1 10 -13 - 0 - 3 13 16 2 100
V 13 20 20 - 3 3 29 - 2 0 53 23 35 61 44 - 5 -10 10 56 -9 -3 -5 -10 55 5100
CR 24 1 2 39 -30 22 -20 -11 -16 -19 21 - 1 4 1 -1 5 -15 10 -5 - 5 -21 6 100
NI 9 14 6 -33 17 - 1 5 41 13 37 53 44 -2 -2 14 -6
33 - 7 -2 100
2
ZN -15 7 2 -10 7 2 - 2 6 -20 -1 -9 11 33 4 10 11 0 -1 34 100
PO 9 16 -2 -3 1 12 -1 5 -17 -8 -1 13 6 -3 12 -1
7 100
MO 6 4 0 13 -10 0 -8 - 5 - 4 -12 -19 2 -5 -12 -2 100
-3
CU 6 26 8 -9 -26 8 -20 - 3 3 16 -5 11 15 64 - 2 3 - 2 6 100
MN -19 -6 -1 -34 20 - 4 2 53 33 40 54 18 - 1 0 - 1 7 16 100
FE3 -15 -14 6 -21 17 - 1 4 16 11 - 2 2 19 17 3 -33 100
S -10 32 0 -26 -37 -5 -1 4 -35 50 5 12 13 100
H -26 56 67 - 1 6 4 -1 -4 9 -63 -4 -27 B 100
TI 6 16 32 - 3 8 23 - 5 25 6 16 40 100
MG -10 - 3 2 —18 - 6 5 34 - 4 2 83 46 61 100
FE -12 30 e-8 -57 -5 -41 46 6
NA -12 -79 -17 -22 49 - 4 4 69 100
CA -2 4 -3 4 -1 0 -50 40 - 5 5 100
K 71 9 -26 42 - 5 100
AL 1 -26 12 - 3 9 100
SI 27 1 - 1 5 100
ARC -14 100
15
PHY -20 100
317
318
Table E -1 3 . C orrelatio n c o e ffic ie n ts of ra tio s of s e le c te d elem en ts of

g ran ite porphyry from th e C opper C itie s mine
C R ITICA L VALUF FOR PERCENT LEVEL OF CONFIDENCE 49
CR ITICA L VALUF FOR PERCENT LEVEL OF CONFIDENCE 17
K /SR +8 A V /CR +N I B A /T I BE/SR+BA BE/K 9E /N A F /C L H 20/F+C L

POT 8 26 -19 -28 -35 6 -11 -16
PHY 11 20 -25 —4 0 47 13 66
AP.G 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
FRH -12 -26 29 11 9 -4 7 -10 -5 0
Table E -1 4 . C o rrelatio n c o e ffic ie n ts of ra tio s of s e le c te d elem en ts of

q u artz m onzonite from the New C o rn elia mine
CR ITICA L VALUE FOR 99 PERCENT LEVEL OF C O N F I D E N C E 39
CR ITICA L VALUE FOR 95 PERCENT LEVEL OF CONFIDENCE 29
K /SR+BA V /C R +N I B A /T I 9E /S R + 3A 9E /K BE/N A F/C L H 20/F+C L

POT 56 23 0 24 -30 42 -18 -0
PHY 1 6 -2 4 -5 -5 12 16 66
6 RG 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
FRH -19 -12 22 -3 14 -2 4 -8 -5 9
Table E-15 . C o rrelatio n c o e ffic ie n ts of ra tio s of s e le c te d elem en ts of

q u a rtz m onzonite from the M orenci mine
CRITICA L VALUE FOR 99 PERCENT LEVEL OF CONFIDENCE 40
C R ITICA L VALUE FOR 95 PFRCENT LEVEL OF CONFIDENCE 30
K/SR+9A V /CR +N I B A /T I B E/SR +3A BE/K 9E /N A F/C L H 20/F+C L

POT -4 -IS A -33 -45 -2 5 -3 -2 7
PHY 63 1 -14 57 5 68 7 23
ARC -13 -3 -21 32 69 -1 2 -8 8
FRH -67 6 21 -54 5 -6 3 -5 -1 4
T able E -1 6 . C o rrelatio n c o e ffic ie n ts of ra tio s of s e le c te d e lem en ts of

q u artz m onzonite from th e S ierrita mine
C R ITICA L VALUE FOR 95 PERCENT LEVEL OF CONFIDENCE 39
K /SR *3A V /C R +N I BA /TI DE/SR+BA BE/K 3E /N A F/C L H 207FfCL

POT 32 46 23 -IB -56 11 -2 4 -1
PHY -17 -30 21 -11 -1 -1 4 23 43
APG 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
FRH -17 -22 -41 27 58 1 6 -3 5
319
T able E -1 7 . C o rrelatio n c o e ffic ie n ts of ra tio s of s e le c te d elem ents of

quartz m onzonite from th e C opper C itie s mine
C R ITICA L VALUE" FOR 99 FEPCENT LEVEL OF CONFIDENCE 56
CR ITIC A L VALUE FOR 05 PERCENT LEVEL OF CONFIDENCE 43
K /SR+3A V /C 9+N I B A /T I B E/SR tB A 3E /K BE/N A F/C L H 20/F+C L

POT -1 -27 10 -26 -2 5 -1 4 -3 4 -2 2
PHY 10 1 -42 30 29 37 -5 94
ARG 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
FRH -10 8 39 -22 -21 -33 17 -8 7
Table E -1 8 . C o rrelatio n c o e ffic ie n ts of ra tio s of s e le c te d elem en ts of

q u artz m onzonite from the M ineral Park mine
CR ITICA L VALUE FOR 09 PERCENT LEVEL OF CO N FIDENCE 42
K /S t*3A V /C R +N I B A /T I B E /SR +8 A BE/K BE/NA F/C L H 20/F+C L

POT 6 6 -2 1 -15. -1 2 23 -1 9
PHY 17 18 -13 41 -3 5 11 26 -3 3
ARG -20 16 -24 3 86 60 -9 92
FRH 6 -32 35 -35 -60 -6 9 -1 5 -67
Table E -1 9 . C o rrelatio n c o e ffic ie n ts of ra tio s of s e le c te d e lem en ts of

gran o d io rite from the S anta Rita mine
K /SR +3A V /C R +N I BA /TI BE7SP+BA BE/K BE/NA F/C L H 20/F+C L

POT 69 -25 12 -20 -25 -1 3 -1 7 -4 7
PHY 17 -20 27 -4 9 -4 9 11 29 48
ARG -36 21 20 -14 5 6 -5 62
FRH -26 19 -40 61 54 -8 -1 9 -5 8
T able E -2 0 . C o rrelatio n c o e ffic ie n ts of ra tio s of s e le c te d e lem en ts of

g ran o d io rite from the Brenda mine
CRITICA L VALUE FOR 99 PERCENT LEVEL OF CONFIDENCE 41
K /SR +8 A V /C R +N I B A /T I GC/SR+BA B E /K 9E /N A F /C L H 20/F+C L

POT -0 16 -19 -2 9 29 33 39
PHY -15 3 -5 -23 -7 16 -8 45
ARC -24 6 —
26 9 61 17 2 59
FRH 19 -1 1 20 19 -1 4 -3 2 -9 -7 2
320
T able E -2 1 . C o rrelatio n c o e ffic ie n ts of ra tio s of s e le c te d elem en ts of

gran o d io rite from th e Thompson C reek mine
C R ITICA L VALUE FOR 99 PERCENT LEVEL OF CONFICEMCE 41
C R ITICA L VALUE FOR 95 PERCENT LEVEL OF CONFICENCE 31
K /SR+BA V /C R +N I B A /T I GE/SR+BA B E /K BEZNA F/C L H 20/F+C L

POT -22 3 36 -35 -5 9 -25 -32 -17
PHY 83 -13 -25 83 -0 85 62 22
ARG 28 - 5 -5 40 61 19 30 0
FRH -74 12 4 -66 34 -7 4 -4 6 -12

quartz d io rite from the S ie rrita mine
C R ITICA L VALUE F OR 95 PERCENT LEVEL OF CONFIDENCE 46
K/SR+BA V /CR +N I B A /T I 9E /SR +B A BE/K 8E / N A F/C L H 20/F+C L

POT 58 63 24 -25 -60 37 -2 4 -4
PHY 40 -17 -14 75 41 - 54 67 40
A RG 10 -32 -12 67 45 30 42 49
FRH -93 -44 -12 -21 26 -5 9 -1 6 -21

th e 97 sam p les of fre sh ro ck s
K /SR+B A V /CR +N I B A /T I BE/SR+BA B E/K BE/N A F /C L H 20/F+C L

POT 4 23 19 -18 -3 4 -34 -8 17
PHY 5 -18 25 16 13 26 13 42
ARG -14 18 -13 -0 51 -3 -9 15
FRH -4 -3 -3 1 -3 1 -1 -5 -50

th e 305 sam p les
C R ITICA L VALUE FOR 95 PERCENT LEVEL OF CONFICENCE 11
K/SR+BA V /C R +N I BA /TI BE/SR+BA BE/K BE/N A F/C L H 20/F+C L

POT -2 8 25 -16 -26 -1 6 -5 -8
PHY 43 -1 9 -8 34 -11 58 38 37
ARG -6 7 -6 0 32 30 1 52
FRH -38 13 2 -26 9 -5 8 -3 4 -4 8
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Geological-geochemical relationships between prophyry

copper and porphyry molybdenum ore deposits

Item Type text; Dissertation-Reproduction (electronic)

Authors Lainé, R. (Roger), 1946-

Publisher The University of Arizona.

Rights Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material

Download date 13/05/2019 09:37:17

Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/565315

PORPHYRY COPPER AND PORPHYRY MOLYBDENUM

Roger Pierre Lain£

A D is s e rta tio n Subm itted to the F ac u lty of the

In P a rtia l F ulfillm ent of the R equirem ents

THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA

I hereby recommend that this dissertation prepared under my

direction by ________ Roger Pierre Lain£______________________.

Copper and Porphyry M olybdenum Ore D e p o s i t s __________

be accepted as f u l f i l l i n g the d i s s e r t a t i o n requirement o f the

degree o f ___________ D octor o f P h ilo so p h y __________________________

After inspection of the final copy of the dissertation, the

following members of the Final Examination Committee concur in

its approval and recommend its acceptance:

This d is s e rta tio n h a s b een subm itted in p a rtia l fu lfillm en t of

Brief q u o tatio n s from th is d is s e rta tio n are allo w ab le w ithout

I w ish to e x p re ss a p p re c ia tio n to Dr. John M . G u ilb ert for h is

e n c o u ra g e m e n t, g u id a n c e , and h elp fu l c ritic ism during the p rep a ratio n

o f th is d is s e rta tio n and to D r. A ustin Long for h is g u id an ce and com ­

m ents in m aking the C l and F a n a l y s e s . I am g rate fu l for the ad v ice and

c ritic a l read in g of the m anuscript by D r s . S . R. T itle y , D . E. L iv in g sto n ,

and P . E. Dam on. A ppreciation for a c c e s s , fie ld a s s i s t a n c e , and c o l­

le c tio n of and p e rm issio n to u s e sa m p le s is e x p re ss e d to th e D uval

C orporation (S ierrita and M ineral Park m in e s ), to K ennecott C opper C or­

p o ratio n (Santa Rita m in e ), to P helps Dodge C orporation (M orenci and

New C o rn elia m in e s ), to C itie s S ervice C orporation (Copper C itie s m in e ),

to Brenda M ines C orporation (Brenda mine) and to C yprus M ines C orpo­

ratio n (Thompson C reek d e p o s it) .

The Socidtd P enarroya of P a r is , F ra n c e , fin an ced my s ta y a t

The U n iv e rsity of A rizo n a, and the w h o le -ro c k a n a l y s e s . D r. Guy

R anchin of SocidW P enarroya is herew ith g ra te fu lly acknow ledged for

I w ish to th an k my w ife , R e n a te , and my frie n d s , Jim and P a u l,

for th e ir h e lp in the e d itin g of th is d is s e r ta tio n , and R enate ag ain for

LIST OF TABLES...................... ................................................................................... vi

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS............................ ................................. ........................ x

S tatem ent of P r o b l e m s ................................................................................. 1

PETROGRAPHY AND MINERALOGY .............................................................. ... . 42

TABLE OF CONTENTS— C ontinued

GEOCHEMISTRY ................................................................................................... 107

M inor E le m e n ts................................................................................................ 112

U se o f AKF and ACF D i a g r a m s ................................................................. 160

APPENDIX A: RESULTS OF ANALYSES.............................................................. 187

1. C u-(C uS + M0S 2) ra tio s of p u b lish e d g rad e s of

2. C u-(C uS + MoSg) and MoSgfCuS + MoSg) ra tio s for

3. C om parison of em issio n sp ectro g rap h y and atom ic

4. Cl and F v a lu e s of the U .S .G .S . sam ple G S P 1 ............................... 32

5. C om position of gran ite porphyry from the C opper

6. A lteration norm of g ran ite porphyry from the C opper

7. Summary of a lte ra tio n of g ran ite porphyry from th e

8. C om position of q u artz m onzonite from the New

9. A lteration norm of q u artz m onzonite from the

10. Summary of a lte ra tio n of q u a rtz m onzonite from the

11. C om position o f q u a rtz m onzonite from the M orenci

12. A lteration norm of q u artz m onzonite from the

13. Summary of a lte ra tio n of q u artz m onzonite from

14. C om position of q u a rtz m onzonite from the S ie rrita mine . . . . 68

direction by Roger Pierre Lain£______________.

degree o f _ D octor o f P h ilo so p h y ________________

o f th is d is s e rta tio n and to D r. A ustin Long for h is g u id an ce and com

and P . E. Dam on. A ppreciation for a c c e s s , fie ld a s s i s t a n c e , and c o l

C orporation (S ierrita and M ineral Park m in e s ), to K ennecott C opper C or

to Brenda M ines C orporation (Brenda mine) and to C yprus M ines C orpo