● Waste management practices in Botswana are affected by: lack of effective implementation of

national waste policy, fragmented tasks and overlapping mandates among relevant institutions; lack of
clear guidelines on the responsibilities of the generators and public authorities and on the associated
economic incentives; and lack of consistent and comprehensive solid waste management policies; lack
of intent by decision-makers to prepare national waste management plans and systems, and design and
implement an integrated sustainable municipal solid waste management system-daniel mereki

The topics of resource efficiency, pollution reduction and waste minimization have become important
global policy goals and have gained prominence in developing countries in the context of the new
Sustainable Development Goals. These pose challenges to the policy community in the formulation of
plausible and ambi- tious targets for resource use, greenhouse gas emissions and waste. To bridge this
gap, we utilize the material flow indicators derived from standard MFA methodology to show trends in
material use, waste and emissions in the Philippines. We find that direct material inputs in the
Philippines grew at 2.4% yearly, from 293 million tonnes in 1980 to 661 million tonnes in 2014. Domestic
processed output, or materials released to environment has tripled from 96 million tonnes in 1980 to
260 million tonnes in 2014, with 89% as emission to air. The environmental Kuznets curve shows that
the growing economy entails greater pressure to the environment. Net additions to stock grew slower
than waste and emissions which is testament of a lack of infrastructure investment in the Philippines.
Such a comprehensive material flow account responds to the information requirements of a modern
environmental policy stance that looks at economy and environment simultaneously and has not pre-
viously been available. These findings call for policies to increase resource efficiency and improvement
on recycling system, strict implementation of policies related to solid wastes management, mitigating air
emission, and wastewater. The new dataset also shows slow progress in achieving SDG targets 8.4, 12.2
and 12.5-martinico-perez

This paper presents the results of the case study assessment on the controlled dumpsite facility located
at Payatas, Quezon City, Philippines. The facility formerly was an open dumpsite, which has a tragic
history of more than 30 years of misuse, and on 01 July 2000 a hill of garbage fell on a slum community
resulting in the death of nearly 300 people buried alive and leaving hundreds of families homeless. To
address this problem, the dumpsite was converted to a controlled-waste disposal facility and undergone
construction for an engineered sanitary landfill. Likewise, it was developed from waste to energy facility,
i.e., the conversion of methane gas generated from waste into electricity - the first Clean Development
Mechanism (CDM) project in solid waste management in the Philippines and Southeast Asia. The article
used the assessment tool developed under the Integrated Sustainable Solid Waste Management in Asia
(ISSOWAMA) Project, funded by the European Commission, which aims at evaluating case studies on
solid waste management from different Asian countries. As such, major sections of this paper discuss
the findings on the performance of the six evaluation criteria of technical, environment and health,
financial and economic, socio-cultural, institutional, and legal and policy aspects. The paper also briefly
discusses the ISSOWAMA - Project its objectives as well as some of its main activities that resulted in the
evaluation of this particular case. It also presents the methodology employed in the identification,
documentation and evaluation of the case studies using the integrated and sustainable solid waste
management method that the Project is espousing. Lastly, it draws lessons/recommendations and
implications to planning and management in terms of sustainable waste management for local
government units (LGUs) based on the results of the assessment, as well as, from the authors' opinion as
experts in the field-delos reyes

It contains tough provisions for waste segregation, collection, and disposal. It also outlines the necessary
provisions to carry out collection and disposal of garbage in the most sanitary manner possible. It has
also outlined the responsibilities of every agency responsible for every aspect of the law.-grace sauay

Currently about 35,000 tons of municipal solid waste are generated by the Philippines daily, and more
than 8,600 tons per day in Metro Manila alone. A sizable proportion of the refuse is openly burned,
further worsening the quality of the city’s already heavily polluted air. - aldrin plaza