Ug Consultants Digital Image Processing Course Contents

UG CONSULTANTS
Digital Image Processing
Course Contents
UNIT 1
Digital Image Representation

 Coordinate Conventions
 Images as Matrices
 Reading Images
 Displaying Images
 Writing Images
 Classes
 Image Types
o Gray-scale Images
o Binary Images
o A Note on Terminology
 Converting between Classes
 Array Indexing
o Indexing Vectors
o Indexing Matrices
o Indexing with a Single Colon
o Logical Indexing
o Linear Indexing
o Selecting Array Dimensions
o Sparse Matrices
 Some Important Standard Arrays
 Introduction to M-Function Programming
o M-Files
o Operators
o Flow Control
o Function Handles
o Code Optimization
o Interactive I/O
UG CONSULTANTS

o An Introduction to Cell Arrays and Structures
UNIT 2
Intensity Transformations and Spatial Filtering

 Intensity Transformation Functions
o Functions imadjust and stretchlim
o Logarithmic and Contrast-Stretching Transformations
o Specifying Arbitrary Intensity Transformations
o Some Utility M-functions for Intensity Transformations
 Histogram Processing and Function Plotting
o Generating and Plotting Image Histograms
o Histogram Equalization
o Histogram Matching (Specification)
o Function adapthisteq
 Spatial Filtering
o Linear Spatial Filtering
o Nonlinear Spatial Filtering
 Image Processing Toolbox Standard Spatial Filters
o Linear Spatial Filters
o Nonlinear Spatial Filters
 Using Fuzzy Techniques for Intensity Transformations and Spatial Filtering
o Background
o Introduction to Fuzzy Sets
o Using Fuzzy Sets
o A Set of Custom Fuzzy M-functions
o Using Fuzzy Sets for Intensity Transformations
o Using Fuzzy Sets for Spatial Filtering

UG CONSULTANTS

UNIT 3
Filtering in the Frequency Domain

 The 2-D Discrete Fourier Transform
 Computing and Visualizing the 2-D DFT in MATLAB
 Filtering in the Frequency Domain
o Fundamentals 173
o Basic Steps in DFT Filtering
o An M-function for Filtering in the Frequency Domain
 Obtaining Frequency Domain Filters from Spatial Filters
 Generating Filters Directly in the Frequency Domain
o Creating Meshgrid Arrays for Use in Implementing Filters in the Frequency Domain
o Lowpass (Smoothing) Frequency Domain Filters
o Wireframe and Surface Plotting
 Highpass (Sharpening) Frequency Domain Filters
o A Function for Highpass Filtering
o High-Frequency Emphasis Filtering
 Selective Filtering
o Bandreject and Bandpass Filters
o Notchreject and Notchpass Filters
UNIT 4
Image Restoration and Reconstruction

 A Model of the Image Degradation/Restoration Process
 Noise Models
o Adding Noise to Images with Function imnoise()
o Generating Spatial Random Noise with a Specified Distribution
o Periodic Noise
o Estimating Noise Parameters
 Restoration in the Presence of Noise Only—Spatial Filtering
o Spatial Noise Filters

UG CONSULTANTS

o Adaptive Spatial Filters
 Periodic Noise Reduction Using Frequency Domain Filtering
 Modeling the Degradation Function
 Direct Inverse Filtering
 Wiener Filtering
 Constrained Least Squares (Regularized) Filtering
 Iterative Nonlinear Restoration Using the Lucy-Richardson Algorithm
 Blind Deconvolution
 Image Reconstruction from Projections
o Background
o Parallel-Beam Projections and the Radon Transform
o The Fourier Slice Theorem and Filtered Backprojections
o Filter Implementation
o Reconstruction Using Fan-Beam Filtered Backprojections
o Function radon()
o Function iradon()
o Working with Fan-Beam Data
UNIT 5
Geometric Transformations and Image Registration

 Transforming Points
 Affine Transformations
 Projective Transformations
 Applying Geometric Transformations to Images
 Image Coordinate Systems in MATLAB
o Output Image Location
o Controlling the Output Grid
 Image Interpolation
o Interpolation in Two Dimensions
o Comparing Interpolation Methods
 Image Registration
UG CONSULTANTS

o Registration Process
o Manual Feature Selection and Matching Using cpselect
o Inferring Transformation Parameters Using cp2tform
o Visualizing Aligned Images
o Area-Based Registration
 Automatic Feature-Based Registration
UNIT 6
Color Image Processing

 Color Image Representation in MATLAB
o RGB Images
o Indexed Images
o Functions for Manipulating RGB and Indexed Images
 Converting Between Color Spaces
o NTSC Color Space
o The YCbCr Color Space
o The HSV Color Space
o The CMY and CMYK Color Spaces
o The HSI Color Space
o Device-Independent Color Spaces
 The Basics of Color Image Processing
 Color Transformations
 Spatial Filtering of Color Images
o Color Image Smoothing
o Color Image Sharpening
 Working Directly in RGB Vector Space
o Color Edge Detection Using the Gradient
o Image Segmentation in RGB Vector Space

UG CONSULTANTS

UNIT 7
Wavelets
 The Fast Wavelet Transform
o FWTs Using the Wavelet Toolbox
o FWTs without the Wavelet Toolbox
 Working with Wavelet Decomposition Structures
o Editing Wavelet Decomposition Coefficients without the Wavelet Toolbox
o Displaying Wavelet Decomposition Coefficients
 The Inverse Fast Wavelet Transform
 Wavelets in Image Processing
UNIT 8
Image Compression
 Coding Redundancy
o Huffman Codes
o Huffman Encoding
o Huffman Decoding
 Spatial Redundancy
 Irrelevant Information
 JPEG Compression
o JPEG
o JPEG 2000
 Video Compression
o MATLAB Image Sequences and Movies
o Temporal Redundancy and Motion Compensation
UNIT 9
Morphological Image Processing

 Some Basic Concepts from Set Theory
 Binary Images, Sets, and Logical Operators

UG CONSULTANTS

 Dilation and Erosion
o Dilation
o Structuring Element Decomposition
o The strel Function
o Erosion
 Combining Dilation and Erosion
o Opening and Closing
o The Hit-or-Miss Transformation
o Using Lookup Tables
o Function bwmorph
 Labeling Connected Components
 Morphological Reconstruction
o Opening by Reconstruction
o Filling Holes
o Clearing Border Objects
 Gray-Scale Morphology
o Dilation and Erosion
o Opening and Closing
o Reconstruction
UNIT 10
Image Segmentation
 Point, Line, and Edge Detection
o Point Detection
o Line Detection
o Edge Detection Using Function edge
 Line Detection Using the Hough Transform
o Background
o Toolbox Hough Functions
 Thresholding
o Foundation
UG CONSULTANTS

o Basic Global Thresholding
o Optimum Global Thresholding Using Otsu's Method
o Using Image Smoothing to Improve Global Thresholding
o Using Edges to Improve Global Thresholding
o Variable Thresholding Based on Local Statistics
o Image Thresholding Using Moving Averages
 Region-Based Segmentation
o Basic Formulation
o Region Growing
o Region Splitting and Merging
 Segmentation Using the Watershed Transform
o Watershed Segmentation Using the Distance Transform
o Watershed Segmentation Using Gradients
o Marker-Controlled Watershed Segmentation
UNIT 11
Representation and Description

 Functions for Extracting Regions and Their Boundaries
 Some Additional MATLAB and Toolbox Functions
 Some Basic Utility M-Functions
 Representation
o Chain Codes
o Polygonal Approximations Using Minimum-Perimeter Polygons
o Signatures
o Boundary Segments
o Skeletons
 Boundary Descriptors
o Some Simple Descriptors
o Shape Numbers
o Fourier Descriptors
o Statistical Moments
UG CONSULTANTS

o Corners
 Regional Descriptors
o Function regionprops()
o Texture
o Moment Invariants
 Using Principal Components for Description
UNIT 12
Object Recognition
 Computing Distance Measures in MATLAB
 Recognition Based on Decision-Theoretic Methods
o Forming Pattern Vectors
o Pattern Matching Using Minimum-Distance Classifiers
o Matching by Correlation
o Optimum Statistical Classifiers
o Adaptive Learning Systems
 Structural Recognition
o Working with Strings in MATLAB
o String Matching

Ug Consultants Digital Image Processing Course Contents

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Ug Consultants Digital Image Processing Course Contents

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UG CONSULTANTS

Digital Image Processing

Digital Image Representation

 Converting between Classes

o Indexing with a Single Colon

o Selecting Array Dimensions

 Some Important Standard Arrays

 Introduction to M-Function Programming

Digital Image Processing

Intensity Transformations and Spatial Filtering

o Functions imadjust and stretchlim

o Logarithmic and Contrast-Stretching Transformations

o Specifying Arbitrary Intensity Transformations

o Some Utility M-functions for Intensity Transformations

 Histogram Processing and Function Plotting

o Generating and Plotting Image Histograms

o Histogram Matching (Specification)

o Linear Spatial Filtering

o Nonlinear Spatial Filtering

 Image Processing Toolbox Standard Spatial Filters

o Linear Spatial Filters

o Nonlinear Spatial Filters

 Using Fuzzy Techniques for Intensity Transformations and Spatial Filtering

o Introduction to Fuzzy Sets

o Using Fuzzy Sets

o A Set of Custom Fuzzy M-functions

o Using Fuzzy Sets for Intensity Transformations

o Using Fuzzy Sets for Spatial Filtering

Digital Image Processing

Filtering in the Frequency Domain

 Computing and Visualizing the 2-D DFT in MATLAB

 Filtering in the Frequency Domain

o Basic Steps in DFT Filtering

o An M-function for Filtering in the Frequency Domain

 Obtaining Frequency Domain Filters from Spatial Filters

 Generating Filters Directly in the Frequency Domain

o Lowpass (Smoothing) Frequency Domain Filters

o Wireframe and Surface Plotting

 Highpass (Sharpening) Frequency Domain Filters

o A Function for Highpass Filtering

o High-Frequency Emphasis Filtering

o Bandreject and Bandpass Filters

o Notchreject and Notchpass Filters

Image Restoration and Reconstruction

o Adding Noise to Images with Function imnoise()

o Generating Spatial Random Noise with a Specified Distribution

o Estimating Noise Parameters

 Restoration in the Presence of Noise Only—Spatial Filtering

o Spatial Noise Filters

Digital Image Processing

 Periodic Noise Reduction Using Frequency Domain Filtering

 Modeling the Degradation Function

 Direct Inverse Filtering

 Constrained Least Squares (Regularized) Filtering

 Iterative Nonlinear Restoration Using the Lucy-Richardson Algorithm

 Image Reconstruction from Projections

o Parallel-Beam Projections and the Radon Transform

o The Fourier Slice Theorem and Filtered Backprojections

o Reconstruction Using Fan-Beam Filtered Backprojections

o Working with Fan-Beam Data

Geometric Transformations and Image Registration

 Applying Geometric Transformations to Images

 Image Coordinate Systems in MATLAB