6/18/2019 DeltaStan

Early Reading Comprehension

1. In the philosophy of John Dewey, a sharp distinction is made between intelligence and reasoning.
According to Dewey, intelligence is the only absolute way to achieve a balance between realism
and idealism, between practicality and wisdom of life. Intelligence involves “interacting with other
things and knowing them,” while reasoning is merely the act of an observer, “….a mind that beholds
or grasps objects outside the world of things….” With reasoning, a level of mental certainty can be
achieved, but it is through intelligence that control is taken of events that shape one’s life. What is
the topic of this passage? 
A. The intelligence of John Dewey
B. Distinctions made by John Dewey
C. Dewey’s ideas on the ability to reason 
D. How intelligence differs from reasoning in Dewey’s work 
E.

2. Fort Knox, Kentucky, is the site of a U.S army post, but it is even more renowned for the Fort Knox
Bullion Depository, the massive vault that contains the bulk of the U.S government’s gold
deposits. Completed it 1936, the vault is housed in a two-story building constructed of granite,
steel, and concrete; the vault itself is made of steel and concrete and has a door that weighs more
than twenty tons. Naturally, the most up-to-date security devices available are in place at Fort
Knox, and the army post nearby provides further protection.Which of the following best describes
the topic of the passage?
A. The city of Fort Knox, Kentucky 
B. The federal gold depository
C. The U.S army post at Fort Knox 
D. Gold bullion
E.

3. Fort Knox, Kentucky, is the site of a U.S army post, but it is even more renowned for the Fort Knox
Bullion Depository, the massive vault that contains the bulk of the U.S government’s gold
deposits. Completed it 1936, the vault is housed in a two-story building constructed of granite,
steel, and concrete; the vault itself is made of steel and concrete and has a door that weighs more
than twenty tons. Naturally, the most up-to-date security devices available are in place at Fort
Knox, and the army post nearby provides further protection.Which of the following would be the
best title for this passage?
A. The Massive Concrete Vault
B. Fort Knox Security
C. Where the United States Keeps Its Gold
D. A Visit to Kentucky
E.

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4. One identifying characteristic of minerals is their relative hardness, which can be determined by
scratching one mineral with another. In this type of test, a harder mineral can scratch a softer one,
but a softer mineral is unable to scratch the harder one. The Mohs’ hardness scale is used to rank
minerals according to hardness. Ten minerals are listed in this scale, ranging from talc with a
hardness of 1 to diamond with a hardness of 10. On this scale, quartz (number 7) is harder than
feldspar (number 6) and is therefore able to scratch it; however, feldspar is unable to make a mark
on quartz. The main idea of this passage is that
A. the hardness of a mineral can be determined by its ability to make a mark on other minerals
B. diamonds, with a hardness of 10 on the Mohs’ scale, can scratch all other minerals
C. a softer mineral cannot be scratched by a harder mineral
D. talc is the first mineral listed on the Mohs’ scale
E.

5. One identifying characteristic of minerals is their relative hardness, which can be determined by
scratching one mineral with another. In this type of test, a harder mineral can scratch a softer one,
but a softer mineral is unable to scratch the harder one. The Mohs’ hardness scale is used to rank
minerals according to hardness. Ten minerals are listed in this scale, ranging from talc with a
hardness of 1 to diamond with a hardness of 10. On this scale, quartz (number 7) is harder than
feldspar (number 6) and is therefore able to scratch it; however, feldspar is unable to make a mark
on quartz.Which of the following best states the subject of this passage?
A. The hardness of diamonds
B. Identifying minerals by means of scratch test
C. Feldspar on the Mohs’ scale
D. Recognizing minerals in their natural state
E.

6. Ice ages, those periods when ice covered extensive areas of the Earth, are known to have occurred
at least six times. Past ice ages can be recognized from rock strata that show evidence of foreign
materials deposited by moving walls of ice or melting glaciers. Ice ages can also be recognized
from land formations that have been produced from moving walls of ice, such as Ushaped valleys,
sculptured landscapes, and polished rock faces.According to the passage, what happens during
an ice age?
A. Rock strata are recognized by geologists.
B. Evidence of foreign materials is found.
C. Ice covers a large portion of the Earth's surface.
D. Ice melts six times.
E.

7. Ice ages, those periods when ice covered extensive areas of the Earth, are known to have occurred
at least six times. Past ice ages can be recognized from rock strata that show evidence of foreign
materials deposited by moving walls of ice or melting glaciers. Ice ages can also be recognized
from land formations that have been produced from moving walls of ice, such as Ushaped valleys,
sculptured landscapes, and polished rock faces. The passage covers how many different methods
of recognizing past ice ages?
A. One
B. Two
C. Three
D. Four
E.

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8. Ice ages, those periods when ice covered extensive areas of the Earth, are known to have occurred
at least six times. Past ice ages can be recognized from rock strata that show evidence of foreign
materials deposited by moving walls of ice or melting glaciers. Ice ages can also be recognized
from land formations that have been produced from moving walls of ice, such as Ushaped valleys,
sculptured landscapes, and polished rock faces. According to the passage, what in the rock strata
is a clue to geologists of a past ice age?
A. Ice
B. Melting glaciers
C. U-shaped valleys
D. Substances from other areas
E.

9. The human heart is divided into four chambers, each of which serves its own function in the cycle
of pumping blood. The atria are the thin-walled upper chambers that gather blood as it flows from
the veins between heartbeats. The ventricles are the thick-walled lower chambers that receive
blood from the atria and push it into the arteries with each contraction of the heart. The left atrium
and ventricle work separately from those on the right. The role of the chambers on the right side
of the heart is to receive oxygen-depleted blood from the body tissues and send it on to the lungs;
the chambers on the left side of the heart then receive the oxygen-enriched blood from the lungs
and send it back out to the body tissues.The passage indicates that the ventricles
A. have relatively thin walls
B. send blood to the atria
C. are above the atria
D. force blood into the arteries
E.

10.The human heart is divided into four chambers, each of which serves its own function in the cycle
of pumping blood. The atria are the thin-walled upper chambers that gather blood as it flows from
the veins between heartbeats. The ventricles are the thick-walled lower chambers that receive
blood from the atria and push it into the arteries with each contraction of the heart. The left atrium
and ventricle work separately from those on the right. The role of the chambers on the right side
of the heart is to receive oxygen-depleted blood from the body tissues and send it on to the lungs;
the chambers on the left side of the heart then receive the oxygen-enriched blood from the lungs
and send it back out to the body tissues.According to the passage, when is blood pushed into the
arteries from the ventricles?
A. As the heart beats
B. Between heartbeats
C. Before each contraction of the heart
D. Before it is received by the atria
E.

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11.As heart disease continues to be the number-one killer in the United States, researchers have
become increasingly interested in identifying the potential risk factors that trigger heart attacks.
High-fat diets and "life in the fast lane" have long been known to contribute to the high incidence
of heart failure. But according to new studies, the list of risk factors may be significantly longer
and quite surprising.Heart failure, for example, appears to have seasonal and temporal patterns. A
higher percentage of heart attacks occur in cold weather, and more people experience heart failure
on Monday than on any other day of the week. In addition, people are more susceptible to heart
attacks in the first few hours after waking. Cardiologists first observed this morning phenomenon
in the mid-1980, and have since discovered a number of possible causes. An early-morning rise in
blood pressure, heart rate, and concentration of heart stimulating hormones, plus a reduction of
blood flow to the heart, may all contribute to the higher incidence of heart attacks between the
hours of 8:00 A.M. and 10:00 A.M. In other studies, both birthdays and bachelorhood have been
implicated as risk factors. Statistics reveal that heart attack rates increase significantly for both
females and males in the few days immediately preceding and following their birthdays. And
unmarried men are more at risk for heart attacks than their married counterparts. Though stress is
thought to be linked in some way to all of the aforementioned risk factors, intense research
continues in the hope of further comprehending why and how heart failure is triggered. The word
"potential" could best be re-placed by which of the following? 
A. harmful
B. primary 
C. unknown 
D. possible 
E.

12.As heart disease continues to be the number-one killer in the United States, researchers have
become increasingly interested in identifying the potential risk factors that trigger heart attacks.
High-fat diets and "life in the fast lane" have long been known to contribute to the high incidence
of heart failure. But according to new studies, the list of risk factors may be significantly longer
and quite surprising.Heart failure, for example, appears to have seasonal and temporal patterns. A
higher percentage of heart attacks occur in cold weather, and more people experience heart failure
on Monday than on any other day of the week. In addition, people are more susceptible to heart
attacks in the first few hours after waking. Cardiologists first observed this morning phenomenon
in the mid-1980, and have since discovered a number of possible causes. An early-morning rise in
blood pressure, heart rate, and concentration of heart stimulating hormones, plus a reduction of
blood flow to the heart, may all contribute to the higher incidence of heart attacks between the
hours of 8:00 A.M. and 10:00 A.M.In other studies, both birthdays and bachelorhood have been
implicated as risk factors. Statistics reveal that heart attack rates increase significantly for both
females and males in the few days immediately preceding and following their birthdays. And
unmarried men are more at risk for heart attacks than their married counterparts. Though stress is
thought to be linked in some way to all of the aforementioned risk factors, intense research
continues in the hope of further comprehending why and how heart failure is triggered. The word
"trigger" is closest in meaning to which of the following?
A. involve
B. affect
C. cause 
D. encounter
E.

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6/18/2019 DeltaStan

13.As heart disease continues to be the number-one killer in the United States, researchers have
become increasingly interested in identifying the potential risk factors that trigger heart attacks.
High-fat diets and "life in the fast lane" have long been known to contribute to the high incidence
of heart failure. But according to new studies, the list of risk factors may be significantly longer
and quite surprising.Heart failure, for example, appears to have seasonal and temporal patterns. A
higher percentage of heart attacks occur in cold weather, and more people experience heart failure
on Monday than on any other day of the week. In addition, people are more susceptible to heart
attacks in the first few hours after waking. Cardiologists first observed this morning phenomenon
in the mid-1980, and have since discovered a number of possible causes. An early-morning rise in
blood pressure, heart rate, and concentration of heart stimulating hormones, plus a reduction of
blood flow to the heart, may all contribute to the higher incidence of heart attacks between the
hours of 8:00 A.M. and 10:00 A.M.In other studies, both birthdays and bachelorhood have been
implicated as risk factors. Statistics reveal that heart attack rates increase significantly for both
females and males in the few days immediately preceding and following their birthdays. And
unmarried men are more at risk for heart attacks than their married counterparts. Though stress is
thought to be linked in some way to all of the aforementioned risk factors, intense research
continues in the hope of further comprehending why and how heart failure is triggered.Which of
the following could best replace the word "incidence"?
A. increase 
B. rate 
C. chance 
D. factor
E.

14.As heart disease continues to be the number-one killer in the United States, researchers have
become increasingly interested in identifying the potential risk factors that trigger heart attacks.
High-fat diets and "life in the fast lane" have long been known to contribute to the high incidence
of heart failure. But according to new studies, the list of risk factors may be significantly longer
and quite surprising.Heart failure, for example, appears to have seasonal and temporal patterns. A
higher percentage of heart attacks occur in cold weather, and more people experience heart failure
on Monday than on any other day of the week. In addition, people are more susceptible to heart
attacks in the first few hours after waking. Cardiologists first observed this morning phenomenon
in the mid-1980, and have since discovered a number of possible causes. An early-morning rise in
blood pressure, heart rate, and concentration of heart stimulating hormones, plus a reduction of
blood flow to the heart, may all contribute to the higher incidence of heart attacks between the
hours of 8:00 A.M. and 10:00 A.M.In other studies, both birthdays and bachelorhood have been
implicated as risk factors. Statistics reveal that heart attack rates increase significantly for both
females and males in the few days immediately preceding and following their birthdays. And
unmarried men are more at risk for heart attacks than their married counterparts. Though stress is
thought to be linked in some way to all of the aforementioned risk factors, intense research
continues in the hope of further comprehending why and how heart failure is triggered.The phrase
"susceptible to" could best be replaced by
A. aware of 
B. affected by 
C. accustomed 
D. prone to 
E.

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6/18/2019 DeltaStan

15.As heart disease continues to be the number-one killer in the United States, researchers have
become increasingly interested in identifying the potential risk factors that trigger heart attacks.
High-fat diets and "life in the fast lane" have long been known to contribute to the high incidence
of heart failure. But according to new studies, the list of risk factors may be significantly longer
and quite surprising.Heart failure, for example, appears to have seasonal and temporal patterns. A
higher percentage of heart attacks occur in cold weather, and more people experience heart failure
on Monday than on any other day of the week. In addition, people are more susceptible to heart
attacks in the first few hours after waking. Cardiologists first observed this morning phenomenon
in the mid-1980, and have since discovered a number of possible causes. An early-morning rise in
blood pressure, heart rate, and concentration of heart stimulating hormones, plus a reduction of
blood flow to the heart, may all contribute to the higher incidence of heart attacks between the
hours of 8:00 A.M. and 10:00 A.M.In other studies, both birthdays and bachelorhood have been
implicated as risk factors. Statistics reveal that heart attack rates increase significantly for both
females and males in the few days immediately preceding and following their birthdays. And
unmarried men are more at risk for heart attacks than their married counterparts. Though stress is
thought to be linked in some way to all of the aforementioned risk factors, intense research
continues in the hope of further comprehending why and how heart failure is triggered.The word
"implicated" in line 21 could best be replaced by which of the following? 
A. indicated
B. disregarded  
C. investigated  
D. discovered
E.

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