GROUP 8

POLYMERS

AVECILLA, NOLI

BAUTISTA, JAYVEE

DUGENIA, JOSEPH

NONES, MARK-LORIE

ORINA, JACKIE

POLYMER- is any of a class of natural or synthetic substances composed of very large

molecules that are multiples of simpler chemical units called monomers.
• Polymer: large molecules made up of many monomers
• Monomer: simpler substance of which polymer is made
The word ‘’Polymer’’ comes from the Greek words “Poly” (meaning ‘many’) and
“Meros” (meaning ‘’parts’’).
Poly – many; Mer – parts/units
Polymer – Many parts/many units

PRODUCTION OF POLYMERS

• Polymerization is the process of creating polymers by combining many

small monomer molecules into chains held together by covalent bonds.
• The process by which the monomer molecules are linked to form a bigger
polymer molecule.

USES OF POLYMERS

•
Polymers are used in almost every area of modern living. Grocery bags, soda
and water bottles, textile fibers, phones, computers, food packaging, auto
parts, and toys that all contain polymers.
• Even more-sophisticated technology uses polymers.
CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYMERS
• Polymers can be very resistant to chemicals.
• Polymers can be both thermal and electrical insulators.
• Generally, polymers are very light in weight with significant degrees of
strength.
• Polymers can be processed in various ways.
• Polymers are materials with a seemingly limitless range of characteristics and
colors.
• Polymers can be used to make items that have no alternatives from other
materials.
•
ADVANTAGEOUS PROPERTIES

 Reflectivity
 Impact resistance
 Translucence
 Elasticity

MAJOR CLASSIFICATION:

• Synthetic polymers
• Natural Polymers

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 CLASSIFICATION OF POLYMERS

1. FIBERS
2. PLASTICS
3. ELASTOMERS
4. THERMOPLASTICS
5. THERMOSETTING PLASTICS

APPLICATION OF POLYMERS

1.Agriculture and Agribusiness

2. Medicine
3. Consumer Science
4. Industry
5. Sports

PRINCIPLES OF POLYMERS

A. Step-growth Polymerization
a. Condensation
b. Addition
B. Chain-growth Polymerization
a. Anionic
b. Free-radical
• It is a stepwise reaction between bi-functional or multifunctional monomers.
• The molecular weight increases only slowly and long reaction times are needed for the
synthesis of high molecular weight polymers.

DISADVANTAGES AND ADVANTAGES OF POLYMERS

ADVANTAGES:

• Cheap to make
• Many uses because of their different properties.
• Provide jobs in firms which make the polymer and the product.
• Some polymers can be recycled, melted down and made into something else which
saves valuable natural resources.
• If polymers are used instead of wood, fewer trees will have to be cut down.

DISADVANTAGES:

• People do not like to live near polymer-producing industrial works.

• Some people think plastic products look cheap compared with natural materials.
• Made from oil, a non-renewable resource.
• Most plastics are not biodegradable so there is a problem of how to get rid of them.
• Landfill sites are ugly.
• Give off toxic fumes when they burn.
• Sorting types of polymers for recycling can be expensive.

PROCESSING OF POLYMERS
• 1.Thermoforming
• 2. Injection molding
• 3. Extrusion
• 4. Blow molding