Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
(3 ~ 6 marks)
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The Compound Interest and Simple Interest for the first year is always same C.I.1 = S.I.1
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Shares and Dividend
(3 ~ 6 marks)
Dividend = Income
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Sales Proceeds = No. of shares x selling price of each share (Market Value of each
share)
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The tax imposed by state govt. on sale of goods within their respective states or by
central government is called sales tax.
If an article is to be sold for Rs.100 and 5% sales tax is applicable so the purchaser will
have to pay Rs.105.
i.e. sales tax (given as percentage) is to be added to the selling price of any article.
Usually Selling Price Rs.100
Selling Price. + tax Rs.105
Vat to be paid = x % of ( selling price – cost price ) = x % of value addition
Banking
(4~ 8 marks)
Savings account:
Calculate the principle qualifying for interest for every month. (Max. value till the tenth
and then if it decreases then the smaller value) Time is always 1/12. Calculate the
interest using Simple Interest formulae = PRT/100
Recurring account:
Fixed amount of money is to be kept in the bank and then after a stipulated period
interest and amount is calculated.
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n no. of months
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Inequations
(3 ~ 4 marks)
∆ = ( b2 – 4ac )
If ∆ > 0 and is a perfect square, roots are real, unequal and rational.
If ∆ > 0 and is not a perfect square, roots are real, unequal and irrational.
Eg.
x2 – 25 = 0
x=+5
x2 – 6x + 9 = 0
( x – 3) 2 = 0
x = 3, 3
Remainder & Factor Theorem
(3 ~ 4 marks)
Remainder Theorem :
If f(x) is a polynomial, an expression with variable ‘x’ and is divided by (x – a); the
remainder is the value of f(x) at x = a. i.e. the remainder is f(a).
eg. f(x) = x 3 + 2 x 2 + 4; (x – 3); f(3) = 33 + 2 x 32 + 4 = 49.
Factor Theorem :
When a polynomial f(x) is divided by x – a, the remainder = f (a). And, if remainder f(a)
= 0;
x - a is a factor of polynomial f(x). OR if (x – a) is a factor, the remainder is 0.
If a, b & c are in proportion , i.e. b2 = ac(where ‘b’ is the mean proportion and ‘c’ is
By Alternendo
By Invertendo
By Componendo
By Dividendo
Property of ratio
Matrices
(3 ~ 5 marks)
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Multiplication of matrix
Matrix A m x n can only be multiplied with matrix B p x q if n = p and the resultant matrix
will have m rows and q cols i.e. R m x q
Matrix multiplication is not commutative. (i.e. AB ≠ BA)
Matrix multiplication is associative.
A (BC) = (AB) C
A x I = I x A = A where I is a unit matrix of suitable order.
A ( B + C ) = AB + AC (distributive property)
If AB = AC then B ≠ C, A may or may not be zero.
Coordinate Geometry
(12 ~ 16 marks)
Distance formulae : √( ) ( )
Section formulae :
Centroid Formulae :
Slope Ɵ is the angle the line makes with the x - axis, +ve if it is
Symmetry
(3 ~ 5 marks)
If a figure is divided into two congruent parts with respect to a line, then the figure is
said to be symmetric about the line and the line is called the axis of symmetry. Any
figure may have line and point symmetry.
Similarity and Size Transformation
(6 ~ 8 marks)
Loci
(5 ~ 8 marks)
Theorem 1 : Locus of points equidistant from two fixed points is the perpendicular
bisector of the line joining the two fixed points.
Theorem 2 : Locus of points equidistant from two fixed lines is the angle bisector of the
angle formed where the two lines intersect.
Theorem 3 : Locus of point ‘B’ such that AB2 + BC2 = AC2 is the circle with AC as
diameter.
Circles
(4~ 8 marks)
Chord Properties: (all theorems are applied to same circle or equal circles i.e. circles with
equal radius)
A straight line drawn from centre of a circle bisecting the chord is to it.
A straight line drawn from centre of a circle bisects the chord.
Only one circle can be drawn passing through three non collinear points.
Equal chords are equidistant from the centre of the circle.
Equidistant chords are equal.
Angle Properties:
The angle which an arc of a circle subtends at the centre is double that which it
subtend at any point on the remaining part of the circumference.
Angles in the same segment are equal.
The angle subtended by a semi circle is a right angle.
Opposite angles of a cyclic quadrilateral are supplementary.
Exterior angle of a cyclic quadrilateral is equal to its interior opposite angle.
Arc Properties:
If two arcs subtend equal angles at the center they are equal.
If two arcs are equal they subtend equal angles at the center.
If two chords are equal they cut off equal arcs.
If two arcs are equal they cut off equal chords.
Tangent Properties:
The tangent to any circle and radius through the point of contact are to each other.
Spherical Shell 4 π ( R2 + r 2 ) 4 π ( R2 + r 2 )
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Hemispherical Shell 2 π ( R2 + r 2 ) π ( 3 R2 + r2 )
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Volume of Big Sphere = No. of lead shots x Volume of each lead shot.
Trigometric Identities
Complementary Angle
Sin θ = Cos ( 90 – θ )
Cos θ = Sin ( 90 – θ )
Tan A = Cot ( 90 – θ )
Cosec θ = Sec (90 – θ)
Sec θ = Cosec (90 – θ)
Cot θ = Tan (90 – θ)
Standard Angles
Ungrouped
Grouped
a = assumed mean
The most occurring value in a ungrouped data and the class mark with highest frequency
in grouped data.
Probability
(3 ~ 5 marks)
Probability of an impossible event = 0
All possible outcomes added = 1
Sample space denotes all possible outcomes.
Complementary event P (A) + P (A) = 1 or P(A) = 1 – P(A)