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CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the project named “Study on
construction of Flyover from Mithapur to chiriyantand”
submitted by Mr. VISHAL PRAKASH Enrol no.- CIV/93/13 in
partial fulfilment of the requirement for Bachelor of
Technology Degree in Civil Engineering at National
institute of technology, Srinagar
And this work has not Plagiarized from elsewhere to best of
my knowledge.
Sequence of construction:
1. Surveying
2. Analysis and design of the structure
3. Piling
a. Drilling
b. Pile cap Construction
4. Construction of Pier shaft and Pier cap
5. Construction of Pedestal and seismic stopper
6. Construction of segments and/or girders
7. Launching and gluing of segments
8. Construction of road over bridge
SURVEYING
TOPOGRAPHICAL SURVEY:
Topography is used to determine the position or any point in
both the horizontal and vertical coordinates( Latitudes,
Longitudes, Altitudes).
Survey includes Reconnaissance. Then
various maps are studied and then detailed
is done by Total station and layouts are
given on AutoCAD.
With the help of this total space for the
construction of the flyover ,no. Of lanes and
total carriage are decided.
TRAFFIC SURVEY:
Is done carry out design improvement traffic system and
management. Traffic forecasts predicts the future traffic levels
on the road. In this flyover design is so made to meet for next
25 yrs.
TRAFFIC MONITORING:
Traffic control includes CCTV and other means for monitoring
traffic by local and state roadways to manage traffic flow and
providing advice concerning traffic congestion.
TRAFFIC CONTROL:
Traffic controllers(T.C) usually known as Lollipop men shows
the their Stop/Slow sign known as STOP. A camera is also
installed to detect the traffic rule violations, including
speeding of vehicles.
FOUNDATIONS:
Foundations are the structures which are constructed below
existing ground level. It sustains the loads coming from the
sub structures and superstructures.
Bridges had to carry a big load so PILE FOUNDATION are
preferred.
It is a type of foundation which where good soil are at the
depth of 10-15m or soil having low bearing capacity.
In this flyover Group of piles drilled for piling:
for P1 to P14- 10 Piles (140 nos.), for P21, P23, P24, P26, P27,
P29, P30, P32,33& P21A- 4 Piles(40 nos.), for P22, P25, P28,
P31, P22A- 6 Piles(30 nos.), P16 to P19 – 8 Piles(32 nos.)
Total nos. Of piles =242 piles
PILE FOUNDATION
All piles have Dia. =1200mm
Depth =25m (except for P1A, P1B, P1D which have 30m piling)
M35 Grade of concrete
Piles are structure that are made up of steel, concrete, timber.
They are used to build pile foundation, and use of piles is
necessary to ensure safety.
• PILES are divided
in given category:
Wooden(
Steel Concrete
Timber)
piles piles
piles
CONCRETE PILES
In this flyover ,Piles used are Concrete cast in-situ piles.
Types of Concrete Piles:
Precise piles
SEGMENTS GIRDERS
• Used I –girder in this
• TWO TYPES: A) PIER project
SEGMENT, B) NORMAL
SEGMENT
SEGMENTS:
Placed on the bearing plate. These are used to make a span
of the flyover. Segments are precast made up of M45 GRADE
concrete and FE 500. These structures are posses both
Tension and Compression members, so designs are made by
taking in account both forces on it.
TYPES OF SEGMENT USED:
• Pier segment(P.S)- These are placed at the end of the span on
the pier cap. Length of P.S is smaller than the normal segment
and the anchor hole are inclined. Two P.S are used in making
of the span.
• NORMAL SEGMENT- These are placed in between two P.S for
making the span and anchor hole are straight. Total 9
segments are used in between two pier.
Total length of span= 2*2.35+9*3.25=33.95m
S.NO. SEGMENTS LENGTH
OTHER SPECIFICATION:
o Pile group -4 and 6
o A1-P1- 33.25m, P1-P17- 34m, P17-A2- 33.25m
o Length of flyover= 612 m elevated , approach(RE Panel)= 147m fill.
2) Station to Mithapur
DIAMETER OF PILES 1800MM
NUMBER OF SHAFT 40