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Outline
What are the two major biochemical components of a eukaryotic chromosome? What
percentage does each make up of the total in humans?
The two major biochemical components of a eukaryotic chromosome are DNA and
proteins. Proteins
Essential Concepts
Each chromosome consists of one long molecule of DNA compacted by histone and
non-histone proteins. The 5 types of histones: H1, H2A, H2B, H3, H4 are essential to
the establishment of generalized chromosome structure. There are more than 1,000
kinds of nonhistone proteins: Some are structural; others are active in replication and
segregation; but most help determine the time and place of gene expression.