Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Action
Indications
Contraindications
Route/Dosage
Interactions
Lab Test Interferences
Adverse Reactions
Precautions
Patient Care Considerations
Administration/Storage
Assessment/Interventions
Patient/Family Education
(DEX-uh-METH-uh-sone)
Aeroseb-Dex, Decadron, Decaspray, Dexameth, Dexone, Hexadrol, Maxidex
Dexamethasone Acetate
Dalalone DP, Dalalone LA, Decadron-LA, Decaject-L.A., Dexasone-L.A., Dexone LA, Solurex
LA
Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate
AK-Dex, Dalalone, Decadron Phosphate, Decaject, Dexasone, Dexone, Hexadrol Phosphate,
Action Synthetic long-acting glucocorticoid that depresses formation, release and activity
of endogenous mediators of inflammation including prostaglandins, kinins, histamine, liposomal
enzymes and complement system. Also modifies body's immune response.
Intra-articular or soft tissue administration: Short-term adjunctive treatment for such conditions
as synovitis of osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, acute gouty arthritis, posttraumatic
osteoarthritis. Intralesional administration: Treatment for such conditions as keloids, psoriatic
plaques, discoid lupus erythematosus, alopecia areata. Topical: Treatment of inflammatory and
pruritic manifestations of corticosteroid-responsive dermatoses. Oral inhalation: Treatment of
corticosteroid-responsive and bronchial asthma bronchospastic states. Intranasal: Treatment of
allergic or inflammatory nasal conditions, nasal polyps (excluding those originating within
sinuses). Ophthalmic: Treatment of steroid-responsive inflammatory conditions of palpebral and
bulbar conjunctiva, lid, cornea and anterior segment of globe. Unlabeled use(s): Treatment of
acute mountain sickness, bacterial meningitis, bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants;
diagnosis of depression; treatment of hirsutism and use as antiemetic.
Route/Dosage
DEXAMETHASONE
DEXAMETHASONE ACETATE
Interactions
Lab Test Interferences May cause increased urine glucose and serum cholesterol;
decreased serum levels of potassium, T3 and T4; decreased uptake of thyroid 131I; false-negative
nitroblue-tetrazolium test; altered brain scan results; suppression of skin test reactions.
Adverse Reactions
Precautions
PATIENT CARE
CONSIDERATIONS
Administration/Storage
For IM injection, inject dexamethasone acetate deep into gluteal muscle. Avoid injection
into deltoid, and rotate injection sites. Do not use SC route.
Refer to package insert for directions on how to store particular form of dexamethasone.
If ordered PO, administer in morning to coincide with body's normal secretion of cortisol.
Assessment/Interventions
Obtain patient history, including drug history and any known allergies.
Obtain baseline weight and vital signs.
Assess involved system before and periodically during therapy.
When used in child, periodically assess child's growth.
Monitor intake and output.
Assess patient regularly for signs of infection (delayed wound healing, WBC count)
because steroids can mask other common signs of infection such as fever, swelling and
redness.
Notify physician if signs of fluid overload develop (peripheral edema, weight gain,
rales/crackles, dyspnea).
If emotional changes occur, such as depression, take safety measures such as suicide
precautions.
If side effects develop with long-term therapy, expect to change to alternate-day therapy.
Check medication record and document well.
Patient/Family Education
Caution patient that stopping drug abruptly is dangerous and may cause adrenal
insufficiency.
Explain rationale for tapering off medication when that time comes.
Teach patient or family procedures for correctly administering specific form of drug
(ophthalmic, inhalation, topical, etc.).
Caution patient against receiving immunizations while drug is being taken.
Advise patient on long-term therapy to carry medication identification card or to wear
bracelet. In case of emergency, this information is important for treatment.
Instruct patient to avoid people with infections, particularly respiratory.
If form patient is receiving is intranasal, instruct him/her to clear nasal passages of
secretions before administering drug.
If topical, advise patient not to use occlusive dressings such as plastic wrap more than 12
hrs a day. Occlusion may lead to sweat retention and bacterial and fungal infections.
Remember that tight-fitting plastic diapers on infants may also be occlusive.
Teach patient to take oral forms with meals or snacks if GI irritation occurs.
Review guidelines for missed doses of particular product with patient.
Teach patient on long-term therapy how to keep a weight record.
Instruct patient to inform other physicians that he/she is taking a steroid.
Review signs of infection and remind patient that fever, swelling and redness may be
masked in infection.
Review possible side effects of dexamethasone with patient and instruct him/her to report
these to physician.
Books@Ovid
Copyright © 2003 Facts and Comparisons
David S. Tatro
A to Z Drug Facts