1. Single Author 3. Author's Last Name, First Initial.
Last name first, followed by author
initials.
Berndt, T. J. (2002). Friendship quality
and social development. Current
Directions in Psychological Science, 11,
7-10.
2. Two Authors
List by their last names and initials. Use
the ampersand instead of "and."
Wegener, D. T., & Petty, R. E. (1994).
Mood management across affective
states: The hedonic contingency
hypothesis. Journal of Personality and
Social Psychology, 66, 1034-1048.
Three to Seven Authors
List by last names and initials; commas
separate author names, while the last
author name is preceded again by
ampersand.
Kernis, M. H., Cornell, D. P., Sun, C. R.,
Berry, A., Harlow, T., & Bach, J. S. (1993).
There's more to self-esteem than
whether it is high or low: The importance
of stability of self-esteem. Journal of
Personality and Social Psychology, 65,
1190-1204.
More Than Seven Authors
List by last names and initials; commas
separate author names. After the sixth
author's name, use an ellipses in place
of the author names. Then provide the
final author name. There should be no
more than seven names.
Miller, F. H., Choi, M. J., Angeli, L. L.,
Harland, A. A., Stamos, J. A., Thomas, S.
T., . . . Rubin, L. H. (2009). Web site
usability for the blind and low-vision user.
Technical Communication, 57, 323-335.
Second Initial if Given. (Year of
Publication, Month Day if Given).
Title of article: Subtitle if any.
Name of Magazine, Volume
Number(Issue Number), first page
number-last page number.
Retrieved from Name of
Database.
Note: The APA guide
recommends using the URL for
the magazine's homepage after
Retrieved from. However, we
recommend using the name of
the database where you found
the article.
Example
Abramsky, S. (2012, May 14). The
other America 2012. Nation,
294(20), 11-18. Retrieved from
MAS Ultra.
In-Text Paraphrase
(Author's Last Name, Year)
Example: (Abramsky, 2012)
In-Text Quote
(Author's Last Name, Year, p.
Page Number)
Example: (Abramsky, 2012, p. 14)
Structure:
Last, F. M., & Last, F. M. (Year
Published). Article title. Journal
Name, Volume(Issue), pp. Pages.
Examples:
Jacoby, W. G. (1994). Public
attitudes toward government
spending. American Journal of
Political Science, 38(2), 336-361.
Fearon, J. D., & Laitin, D. D.
(2003). Ethnicity, Insurgency, and
Civil War. American Political
 Science Review, 97(01), 75. doi:
10.1017/S0003055403000534

4. Structure:
Last, F. M. (Year, Month Date
Published). Article title.
Newspaper Title, pp. Page(s).

Examples:

Bowman, L. (1990, March 7). Bills target

Lake
Erie mussels. The Pittsburgh Press, p. A4.

Meier, B. (2013, January 1). Energy Drinks

Promise Edge, but Experts Say Proof Is
Scant. New York Times, p. 1.

5.
Format:
Author Last, First Initial. (Year). Title.
Available from doi: or URL
[Note: The doi (digital object identifier)
number should be used any and all
cases
where it is available.]
Sample Citation:
Dickens, C. (1910). A tale of two cities.
Retrieved from
http://books.google.com/
books?id=Pm0AAAAAYA
 Lunsford, A., & Ede, L. (1990). Singular
BACKIAN, Krysha Lynne B texts/plural authors: Perspectives
10-E Peter on collaborative writing. Carbondale:
Southern Illinois University Press.
APA Style Citations Masters, W.H., Johnson, V.E., & Levin, R.J.
(American Psychological Association) (1974). The pleasure bond: A new
This guide provides basic guidelines and look at sexuality and commitment.
examples for citing sources using the Boston: Little, Brown.
Publication Manual of
the American Psychological Journals
Association, 6th ed. Journal Article:
APA style requires that sources receive Print
attribution in the text by the use of Format:
parenthetical in-text Author Last, First Initial. (Year). Title.
references. General guidelines for in-text Journal Title, volume number(issue
references are included on page 5 of number)
this guide. inclusive page numbers.
Books [Note: If a journal is paginated by issue
instead of volume, the issue number
Book: should
One Author be included in parentheses immediately
Format: after the volume number. Example:
Author Last, First Initial. (Year of 42(3).
Publication). Title. Publisher Location: The sample below does not require the
Publisher. inclusion of the issue number.]
Sample Citation: Sample Citation:
Welch, K.E. (1999). Electric rhetoric: Haraway, D.J. (1994). A game of cat's
Classical rhetoric, oralism, and a cradle: Science studies,
new literacy. Cambridge: MIT Press. feminist theory, cultural studies.
Configurations, 2, 59-71.
Book:
Two or More Magazines
Authors Magazine Article:
Format: Print
Author Last, First Initial, & Author Last, First Format:
Initial. (Year of Pub). Title. Author Last, First Initial. (Year, Month Day
Location of Publisher: Publisher. of Pub). Title. Magazine Name,
[Note: If an article has seven or fewer volume number(issue number), inclusive
authors, all names should be included in page numbers.
the Sample Citation:
reference list. If there are more than Swartz, M. (2002, May 6). An Enron yard
seven authors, list the first six in this sale. New Yorker, 78(10), 50-52.
format and
complete the author section of the Magazine Article:
citation with Online
et al. Format:
Author Last, First Initial. (Year, Month Day
Sample Citation: of Pub). Title. Magazine
Name. Retrieved from URL
Sample Citation:
Leonard, A. (2005, May 18). Embracing
the dark side of the brand. Salon.
Retrieved from
http://www.salon.com/mwt/feature/200
5/05/18/
star_wars_lego/index_np.ht
Newspapers
Newspaper Article:
Print
Format:
Author Last, First Initial. (Year, Month
Day). Title of Article. Newspaper
Name, p. page number.
[Note: When citing a newspaper article
in APA style, all page numbers should be
included. If an article is published over
several pages, replace the "p." above
with
"pp." and then include each additional
page separated by commas.]
Sample Citation:
Lewin, T. (2005, May 15). SAT essay
scores are in, but will they be used?
The New York Times, p. A22.
Flores, M. (2001, December 18). San
Antonio, Texas-area business students
manage real portfolio. San Antonio
Express-News. Retrieved
from http://www.mysanantonio.com
Electronic
Book
Format:
Author Last, First Initial. (Year). Title.
Available from doi: or URL
[Note: The doi (digital object identifier)
number should be used any and all
cases
where it is available.]
Sample Citation:
Dickens, C. (1910). A tale of two cities.
Retrieved from
http://books.google.com/
books?id=Pm0AAAAAYA

Newspaper Article:
Online
Format:
Author Last, First Initial. (Year, Date of
Publication). Article Title.
Newspaper Name. Retrieved from URL
Sample Citation:
Mapes, L.V. (2005, May 25). Unearthing
Tse-whit-zen. Seattle Times.
Retrieved from
http://seattletimes.nwsource.com

Newspaper Article:
from a
Full-Text Database
Format:
Author Last, First Initial. (Year, Date of
Publication). Title of Article.
Newspaper Name. Retrieved from URL
Sample Citation: