Extjs and Ajax

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AN USER GUIDE
TO
Ext JS and AJAX
www.Fullinterview.com 1
www.Fullinterview.com
Name Designation Account
Kalim Ahamed Chandsha Software Engineer

Authors Sony Music
Reviewed Thribhuvan
Krishnamurthy
Project Lead Sony Music
by
TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION 4
WHAT IS EXT JS?......................................................................................................................................................4
WHAT IS AJAX?........................................................................................................................................................4
EXT JS BROWSER SUPPORT..............................................................................................................................................5
ADVANTAGES OF USING EXT JS:......................................................................................................................................5
GETTING STARTED 5
GETTING EXT:............................................................................................................................................................5
WHERE TO PUT EXT:....................................................................................................................................................5
HOW TO INCLUDE EXT:.................................................................................................................................................6
INITIAL EXAMPLE:.........................................................................................................................................................7
COMPONENTS OF EXT JS 11
THE CORE COMPONENTS:..............................................................................................................................................11
FORM:...................................................................................................................................................................11
BUTTONS, MENUS, AND TOOLBARS..................................................................................................................................13
DISPLAYING DATA WITH GRIDS.......................................................................................................................................15
17
REUSE BY EXTENDING EXT JS 18
OOPS WITH EXT JS....................................................................................................................................................18
INHERITANCE............................................................................................................................................................18
PACKAGES, CLASSES AND NAMESPACES...............................................................................................................................18
CREATING A CUSTOM NAMESPACE.....................................................................................................................................19
CORE AJAX 19
CREATING A XMLHTTPREQUEST........................................................................................................................................19
MAKING AJAX REQUEST FROM EXT JS...............................................................................................................................20
DOWNLOAD LINKS: 21
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT: 21
AUTHORS PROFILE: 22
Introduction
What is EXT JS?

Ext JS is a powerful JavaScript library that simplifies Asynchronous
JavaScript + XML (Ajax) development through the use of reusable objects and
widgets. This article introduces Ext JS, providing an overview of the object-
oriented JavaScript design concepts behind it, and shows how to use the Ext
JS framework for rich Internet application UI elements.
What is AJAX?
The term AJAX (Asynchronous JavaScript and XML) is an overly-
complicated acronym for saying that processes can take place in the
background while the user is performing other tasks. A user could be filling
out a form while a grid of data is loading—both can happen at the same time,
with no waiting around for the page to reload.
Ext JS browser support

The Ext JS framework is supported in all the major Web browsers, including:
• Windows Internet Explorer version 6 and later.

• Mozilla Firefox version 1.5 and later (PC and Macintosh).
• Apple Safari version 2 and later.
• Opera version 9 and later (PC and Mac).
Advantages of using EXT JS:

• It has a simple design model that is followed consistently throughout
the code
• Supports JavaScript core object-oriented concepts
• Supports design patterns (singleton design pattern, structural patterns,
flyweight design pattern, observer pattern. etc)
• Provides plug-in feature
• Easy to upgrade to new version
Getting Started
Getting Ext:
You can download the ext SDK (Software Development Kit), from
http://www.extjs.com/products/extjs/download.php. This contains a ton of
useful examples and the API reference. Most importantly, it contains the
resources that Ext needs to run properly.
Where to put Ext:

Once you get the SDK file, uncompress it onto your hard drive,
preferably in its own folder. My approach to folder naming conventions is
based on the standard structure where all JavaScript go into a JS folder.
Uncompress all of the files in the SDK into a folder named JS. After extracting
everything from the SDK download file, your directory tree should look like
this:
Included in the SDK file are a specification of dependencies,

documentation, example code, and more. The adapter and resources folders
shown in bold are required for Ext to work properly; everything else is just
for development purposes.
• adapter: Files that allow you to use other libraries alongside Ext
• build: Files that can be used to custom-build an ext-all.js
• Docs: The documentation center (this will only work when run on a
web server)
• examples: Plenty of amazing and insightful examples
• resources: Dependencies of the Ext library, such as CSS and images
• source: The complete source code for Ext
When you're ready to host your page on a web server, the adapter and resources
folders will need to be uploaded to the server.
How to Include Ext:

Before you start writing the Ext components you need to include some of the
Ext library in your JSP.
<html>
<head>
<title>Hello World</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="JS/ext-2.1/resources/css/ext-
all.css" />
<script src="JS/ext-2.1/adapter/ext/ext-base.js"></script>
<script src="JS/ext-2.1/ext-all-debug.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
</body>
</html>
The path to the EXT files must be correct and is relative to the location of our
HTML file. These files must be included in the following order:
• ext-all.css. The main Ext CSS file

• An external JS library file, if needed
• ext-base.js
• ext-all.js or ext-all-debug.js. The primary Ext library file
• A theme file could also be included here, or at any point after the main
Ext CSS file
I have included the following three files that Ext requires to run in our page:
• ext-all.css: A style sheet file that controls the look and feel of Ext
widgets. This file must always be included as-is, with no modifications.
Any changes to the CSS in this file would break future upgrades. If the
look and feel of Ext needs to be adjusted, another style sheet
containing the overrides should be included after the ext-all.css file.
• ext-base.js: This file provides the core functionality of Ext. It's the
engine of the Ext car. This is the file that I would change if I wanted to
use another library, such as jQuery, along with Ext.
• ext-all-debug.js/ext-all.js: All of the widgets live in this file. The
debug version is used for development, and then swapped out for the
non-debug version for production.
Once these files are in place, I can start to actually use the Ext library and
have some fun.
Initial Example:
We can run some Ext code by adding a script section in the head of our
document, right after here the Ext library has been included. Our example
will bring up an Ext style alert dialog:
<html>
<head>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="JS/ext-

2.1/resources/css/ext-all.css" />
<script>
Ext.onReady(function(){
Ext.Msg.alert('Hello', 'Hello World.....');
});
</script>
</head>
<body>
</body>
</html>
Let's take a closer look at the two core Ext functions we have just used:
• Ext.onReady: This function provides a way to make our code wait

until the DOM is available, before doing anything. This is needed
because JavaScript starts executing as soon as it is encountered in the
document, at which point, our DOM elements might not exist.
• Ext.Msg.alert: This is the core function used for the creation of a
dialog. It takes care of everything needed to have a working dialog.
There are some shortcuts that can be used for common dialog types,
which will help you save time.
The other dialog box’s available in Ext js are.
• Ext.MessageBox
• Ext.Msg
• Ext.Msg.progress
• Ext.Msg.show
• Ext.Msg.updateProgress
• Msg.alert
• Msg.prompt
Some other ways to display a message box is by displaying more than one
button as given below.
<html>
<head>
<script>
Ext.Msg.show({
title: 'Hello World',
msg: 'Are you able to see the three button?',
buttons: { yes: true, no: true, cancel:
true}
});
});
</script>
</head>
<body>
</body>
</html>
Have a look at the screen shot below. This has alert message with three
buttons present.
Components of ext js
The core components:
• Form
• Buttons, Menus, and Toolbars
• Displaying Data with Grids
Form:
Forms are similar to the HTML forms that we use, without the usability
restrictions and boring user interface. Here are some of the core form
components that you should become familiar with:
• Ext.form.FormPanel
• Ext.form.Field
Here is the first form with some input fields in it.
<html>
<head>
<script>
var user_details = new Ext.FormPanel({
renderTo: document.body,
frame: true,
title: 'User Details',
width: 250,
items: [{
xtype: 'textfield',
fieldLabel: 'First Name',
name: 'firstname'
},
{
xtype: 'textfield',
fieldLabel: 'Last Name',
name: 'lastname'
},
{
xtype: 'datefield',
fieldLabel: 'Date of Birth',
name: 'dob'
}
]
});
});
</script>
</head>
<body>
</body>
</html>
A form can contain any of these following components given below just nee
to change the xtype property.
• textfield
• timefield
• numberfield
• datefield
• combo
• textarea
• HtmlEditor
• CheckboxGroups
• RadioGroup
Each component of form has its own property like allowedblank, vtype etc.
For more details http://www.extjs.com/deploy/dev/docs/
Buttons, Menus, and Toolbars

Extjs comes with option such as buttons, menus and toolbars is also.
The toolbar is an extremely flexible and useful component that will no doubt
be used in every application.
• Ext.Toolbar: The main container for the buttons
• Ext.Button: The primary handler for button creation and interaction
• Ext.menu: A menu
The toolbar consist of button, split button and menu. In the below example
we have shown all the three type.
<script type="text/javascript">
new Ext.Toolbar({
items: [{
xtype: 'tbbutton',
text: 'Button'
},{
xtype: 'tbbutton',
text: 'Menu Button',
menu: [{
text: 'Better'
},{
text: 'Good'
},{
text: 'Best'
}]
},{
xtype: 'tbsplit',
text: 'Split Button',
menu: [{
text: 'Item One'
},{
text: 'Item Two'
},{
text: 'Item Three'
}]
}]
});
});
</script>
Displaying Data with Grids

This is one of main feature provided by the extjs, which is used by all
the application to display the bulk data. Extjs support both XML and JSON for
displaying the data in grid.
First we will go with some example with a XML file. We will create a
XML file with name USERDETAILS.xml. Here we will display the First Name,
Last Name and Mobile Number.
First save this file with the name USERDETALS.xml. Note: To run this example
you should have a web server so that the data gets rendered in the grid.
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<dataset>
<row>
<id>1</id>
<firstname>Kalim</firstname>
<lastname>Chandsha</lastname>
<mobilenumber>9880227861</mobilenumber>
</row>
<row>
<id>2</id>
<firstname>Thribhuvan</firstname>
<lastname>Krishnamurthy</lastname>
<mobilenumber>9886178850</mobilenumber>
</row>
</dataset>
This will go into Html file.

var store = new Ext.data.Store({
proxy: new Ext.data.HttpProxy({url: 'USERDETAILS.xml'}),
reader: new Ext.data.XmlReader({
record:'row',
id:'id'
},['id', 'firstname', 'lastname', 'mobilenumber'])
});
var cm = new Ext.grid.ColumnModel([

{header: "First Name", width: 180, dataIndex: 'firstname'},
{header: "Last Name", width: 115, dataIndex: 'lastname'},
{header: "Mobile Number", width: 100, dataIndex:
'mobilenumber'}
]);
cm.defaultSortable = true;
var grid = new Ext.grid.GridPanel({

title: 'User Details',
height:200,
width:450,
frame:true,
renderTo:'grid-example',
store: store,
cm: cm
});
store.load();
});
</script>
The similar way we can go with JSON data have a look below.
{ success:true,
rows:[
{
"id":"1",
"firstname":"Kalim",
"lastname":"Chandsha",
"mobilenumber":"9880227861",
},{
"id":"3",
"firstname":"Thribhuvan",
"lastname":"Krishnamurthy",
"mobilenumber":"9886178850",
}
]
}
This JSON data can be brought from a server dynamically. We have different
event handlers for the row and column actions.
Reuse by Extending Ext JS

Oops with Ext JS
Ext JS is a perfect example of this shift. The Ext JS library is an
extremely extensive collection of packages of classes of re-usable code:
small pieces of functionality that can be taken on their own, or combined to
create some truly fantastic client-side magic. An additional part of its beauty
is the ability to extend the library further, creating our own custom
components as extensions of those already there. This gives us the ability to
create our own re-usable pieces of code. We can write our own objects, as
extensions of the library. This means that we don't have to write all of our
functionality on our own, as much of this work has already been done for us.
We expand upon the foundation, providing our own custom functionality.
Inheritance
To gain a full understanding of what we need to do, we have to
understand one of the key concepts of object-oriented programming—
inheritance. As we write our own components, these components will usually
inherit some other component of Ext JS, extending that component's
functionality by providing our own properties and overriding the component's
existing methods. We are creating new classes from an existing Ext JS class
to determine whether the method that has been called is that of our new
class, the method of the extended (parent) class, or a combination of the two.
Packages, classes and namespaces

There are a few final pieces that of the object-oriented puzzle we need,
in order to keep a solid grasp of our goals. We've talked about how Ext JS is a
large collection of objects extending other objects, but it's also important to
understand a few other pieces of basic OO terminology, and how they help in
keeping things organized.
Packages
A package is a collection of classes that share something in common.
For instance, the Ext.data package is a collection of classes for dealing with
data, such as the different types of data Stores, Readers, and Records. The
Ext.grid package is a collection of classes for the various grid objects,
including all of the different grid types and selection models. Likewise, the
Ext.form package contains classes for building forms, to include all of the
classes of the different field types.
Classes
A class is what we call a specific JavaScript object, defining that
object's attributes and methods. Going back to our previous examples,
Person and SalesPerson would both be written as class objects, and both
would probably be part of the same package.
Namespaces
Classes are a part of packages, and packages generally have their own
namespace. Namespaces are containers of logically grouped packages and
class objects. As an example, the Ext JS library falls into the Ext namespace.
Forms within Ext JS fall into the Ext.forms namespace, where forms is a
package of the various classes used to make up forms. It's a hierarchal
relationship, using dot notation to separate the namespace from the package
from the class. Variables from one namespace must be passed into another
namespace, so applying a namespace helps to encapsulate information
within itself. Ext.grid, Ext.form, and Ext.data are all custom namespaces.
Creating a custom namespace
We want to create our custom components within their own custom

namespace for encapsulation, quick reference, and to help us organize our
code. It may be that our packages or class may be named the same as other
packages and classes already within Ext JS. A custom namespace prevents
conflicts from occurring between classes of the same name, as long as each
is defined within its own separate namespace. A common naming convention
for user-defined objects is to use the Ext.ux namespace.
Ext.namespace('Ext.ux');
Core Ajax
Creating a xmlhttprequest
Here I will create a core Ajax xmlhttprequest to make a request to the server.
function ajaxFunction()
{
var xmlhttp;
if (window.XMLHttpRequest)
{
// code for IE7+, Firefox, Chrome, Opera, Safari
xmlhttp=new XMLHttpRequest();
}
else if (window.ActiveXObject)
{
// code for IE6, IE5
xmlhttp=new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP");
}
else
{
alert("Your browser does not support XMLHTTP!");
}
xmlhttp.onreadystatechange=function()
{
if(xmlhttp.readyState==4)
{
//get the xmlhttp.responseText;
}
}
xmlhttp.open("GET","UserDetailsServlet",true);
xmlhttp.send(null);
}
</script>
In the above code I am creating xmlhttp object for making a request to

server. Once the object is created I will make a call by making use of send
function and passing a null parameter. In xmlhttp.open we pass the
method(GET/POST) name, Servlet/page name and third is one which specifies
asynchronous(true) or synchronous(false) call.
Asynchronous call means it will not wait for the response of the server
request the execution continues with other code.
Synchronous call means it will for the response of the server request. These
calls depend on the requirement of application.
Here we face some browser compatibility problem while we are

creating a xmlhttprequest require to check whether the browser support
XMLHttpRequest. If the browser is not supporting then we cannot use the
Ajax server request.
Making Ajax request from Ext JS

Now we see how to make Ajax request from Ext Js. Here we no need to
worry about creating xmlhttprequest object, internally Ext JS handles it. Just
we need to call the following function.
Ext.Ajax.request({
url: ‘UserDetailsServlet',
params: {
userId: 171335,
userName: ‘Kalim’,
lastName: ‘Chandsha’,
teamLead: ‘Thribhuvan’
},
Success: function(response){
//Do the necessary things which require on success
},
Failure: function(response){
// Gets executed when any error is thrown from server
}
});
Download Links:
Ext js http://www.extjs.com
Acknowledgement:
We acknowledge:
http:// www.extjs.com for ext js information.

http:// www.w3schools.com for Ajax information
Last, but not the least, I acknowledge Mr.Thribhuvan Krishnamurthy for

reviewing this document & providing valuable suggestions towards the
betterment of this document.
Authors Profile:
Name Kalim Ahamed chandsha

E-mail kalim.chandsha@wipro.com
Has experience of about 3 years in
Expertise development projects in various
technologies.
Kalim Languages: Java, C, JavaScript
Technologies: Servlets, JSP,
Ahamed JDBC, SQL, HTML, ExtJS, Stripes,
Experience
Chandsha Summary JavaBeans.
Databases: Oracle, SQL Server
Application Servers: JBoss
application server, Glassfish
Employee ID 171335

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www.Fullinterview.

Name Designation Account

Kalim Ahamed Chandsha Software Engineer

What is EXT JS?

Ext JS browser support

• Windows Internet Explorer version 6 and later.

Advantages of using EXT JS:

Where to put Ext:

Included in the SDK file are a specification of dependencies,

How to Include Ext:

• ext-all.css. The main Ext CSS file

<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="JS/ext-

Ext.Msg.alert('Hello', 'Hello World.....');

• Ext.onReady: This function provides a way to make our code wait

The other dialog box’s available in Ext js are.

Here is the first form with some input fields in it.

Buttons, Menus, and Toolbars

Displaying Data with Grids

This will go into Html file.

var cm = new Ext.grid.ColumnModel([

var grid = new Ext.grid.GridPanel({

Reuse by Extending Ext JS

Packages, classes and namespaces

Creating a custom namespace

We want to create our custom components within their own custom

In the above code I am creating xmlhttp object for making a request to

Here we face some browser compatibility problem while we are

Making Ajax request from Ext JS

http:// www.extjs.com for ext js information.

Last, but not the least, I acknowledge Mr.Thribhuvan Krishnamurthy for

Name Kalim Ahamed chandsha

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