Lecture note #1: Introduction

Dr. Eng. Radon Dhelika

Dept. of Mechanical Engineering
 Lecturer/instructor
• Dr. Eng. Radon Dhelika (S3 2015, Tokyo
Institute of Technology
• Research interest: Electrostatic, electro-
mechanical system
• Departemen Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik UI
• Ruangan: Gedung MRC lantai 5, Lab
perancangan mekanikal dan biomekanik

• radon@eng.ui.ac.id

2
 Silabus
• Getaran
• Kebisingan

1. Introduction
2. Undamped free vibration
3. Undamped forced vibration Review of basic
4. Viscous damped free vibration mechanical vibration
5. Viscous damped forced vibration
6. Vibration of rigid bodies
7. Vibration transducers
8. Vibration signal and signal processing
9. Fault detection and diagnostic technique
10.Determination of natural frequency and mode shape
11.Vibration control
12.Using Matlab/Scilab
3
13.Excursion
Date Topic
3 April Introduction, undamped free vibration
5 April Free and forced vibration (1)
10 April Free and forced vibration (2)
12 April No class
17 April Additional topic
19 April Pre-quiz
24 April Quiz; paper for presentation will be announced
26 April Experimental aspects
1 May Holiday
3 May Presentation part 1
8 May Presentation part 2, vibration control (1)
10 May Holiday
15 May vibration control (2)
17 May vibration control (2)
22 May UAS
4
 Grading
Attendance: 10%
Quiz: 10%
Presentation: 10%
UAS: 20%
TOTAL: 50%

5
 References
• Rao, Singiresu S., and Fook Fah Yap. Mechanical
vibrations. Vol. 4. Upper Saddle River: Prentice Hall,
2011.
• Hibbeler, R. C. "Engineering Mechanics: Statics and
Dynamics 13/e." (2013).
• Meriam, James L., and L. Glenn Kraige. Engineering
mechanics: dynamics. Vol. 2. John Wiley & Sons, 2012.
• Randall, Robert Bond. “Vibration-based condition
monitoring: industrial, aerospace and automotive
applications”. John Wiley & Sons, 2011.
• Inman, Daniel J. “Engineering vibration”. Vol. 3. New
Jersey: Prentice Hall, 2008
6
 Fenomena vibrasi

Apa perbedaan fungsi suspensi dan

peredam kejut pada mobil?
Fenomena vibrasi
 Aplikasi vibrasi

Concurrent shake-table testing of two Base isolator of a building. Made of

building models. The right one is steel and rubber
equipped with a seismic base isolation
 Tipe vibrasi (1)
• Berdasarkan manfaatnya:
– Menguntungkan
– Merugikan
• Berdasarkan penyebab terjadinya pada
struktur:
– Pegas
– Elastisitas
 Spring and elasticity
• Spring is everywhere
Can you estimate the spring
constant of a car's tire?
Hooke's Law and spring constant
can be used to approximate many
physical models

Simplified model for a car's suspension

• Spring is the most classic way of storing energy

Mechanical
pocket watch

Clockwork toys 11
 Tipe vibrasi (2)
Free Forced

Undamped

Damped
 Undamped free vibration
Free:
Indicates the absence of any imposed external forces

Undamped:
Indicates the absence of damping -> treated ideally without any
friction or air drag, etc
 Solution

Second order ordinary diff eqs

Solution:
Or

A, B, C, Ψ are
obtained from the
initial condition

We can verify if above equation is really the solution

And substitute back to

the main equation
 Graphical representation

Natural frequency:

What are factors

influencing the natural
frequency?
 wn, fn, and units
Or
Parameter Definition Unit
natural circular frequency (angular rad/s
velocity) of vector C
natural frequency (no of complete cycles cycle/s (Hz)
per unit time)
Sample problem #1

θ Determine the natural frequency

l of oscillation of the pendulum
with a mass of m
 Sample problem #1

θ
l

• First discovered by Galileo

Comparing to:
• Interesting observation:
freq/period is not
dependent on m or θ
What happens if the system is vertical?

The result is identical to

that of the horizontal
mass-spring system
 Sample problem #2
A body weighing 50 N is suspended from a spring of constant k
= 200 N/m. At time t = 0, it has a downward velocity of 1 m/sec
as it passes through the position of static equilibrium. You may
use 10 m/s2 as the acceleration due to gravity. Determine:
(a) the static spring deflection δst
(b) the natural frequency of the system in both rad/sec (ωn) and
cycles/sec (fn)
(c) the system period τ
(d) the displacement x as a function of time, where x is
measured from the position of static equilibrium
(e) the maximum velocity vmax attained by the mass
(ƒ) the maximum acceleration amax attained by the mass.

Ans: (a) 0.25 m; (b) 6.32 rad/sec, 1 cycles/sec; (c) 1 sec; (d) x = sin t; (e) 1
m/s; (f) 1 m/s2
 Sample problem #2

If the initial condition is known: .

position x when t =0 and velocity x when t = 0,
 Sample problem #3

During the design of the spring-support system for the

weighing platform, it is decided that the frequency of
free vertical vibration in the unloaded condition shall
not exceed 3 cycles per second.
Determine the maximum acceptable spring constant k
for each of the three identical springs.
Ans: 474 kN/m
 Recap: procedure for analysis
1. Free body diagram
•Draw the free-body diagram of the body
when the body is displaced a small
amount from its equilibrium position.
•Locate the body with respect to its
equilibrium position by using an
appropriate inertial coordinate

2. Equation of Motion
3. Kinematics •Apply the equation of motion to relate
• Using kinematics, express the the elastic or gravitational restoring
body's accelerated motion in forces and couple moments acting on the
terms of the second time body to the body's accelerated motion
derivative of the position
coordinate
• Rearrange the terms so that
the resulting equation is in the
"standard form"