CAREER HANDBOOK

2016
EXPOSITION RISING ACTION CLIMAX RESOLUTION

9 Self-Assessment 25 Cover 32 Types of Interviews 47 Appreciation

12 Career Path Letter 34 Interview Proper Letter
14 Job Hunting 27 Resume 36 Interview 49 Accepting and
16 Job Fair 30 References Questions Types Rejecting
20 Job Hunting 38 Answering 51 Salary and
Ethics Common Interview Benefits
22 Job Hunting Questions 53 Legal Documents
Checklist 40 Image - Women 58 For the First-
42 Image - Men Time Employees
44 Interview 60 Handling
Preparation Rejection

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 UP CAPES
EXECUTIVE BOARD 2015-2016

Sofia Denise Jeresano PRESIDENT

Miguel Gregorio Felipe Martinez EXECUTIVE VICE PRESIDENT

Angelica Aira Ayalin VICE PRESIDENT FOR INTERNALS

Gerald Ramos Caalam DIRECTOR FOR MEMBERSHIP
Matthew Edmund Kabigting DIRECTOR FOR FINANCE

Ray Justin Leonard Huang VICE PRESIDENT FOR MARKETING

Dominique Ann Repoquit DIRECTOR FOR ACADEMIC RELATIONS
Samantha Louise Tamayo DIRECTOR FOR CORPORATE RELATIONS
Angelique Mae Alconera DIRECTOR FOR OPERATIONS

Erick Spencer Ongson VICE PRESIDENT FOR LOGISTICS AND

OPERATIONS
Bernell Merwyn Go DIRECTOR FOR SEMINARS
Gerald Galang DIRECTOR FOR OPERATIONS
Ma. Christina Beatrice Lopez-Tan DIRECTOR FOR JOBFAIR

Troy Giuseppe Tolentino VICE PRESIDENT FOR PUBLICITY

AND PUBLICATIONS
Tyrone Stacy Syling DIRECTOR FOR SEMINARS
Jansen Ng DIRECTOR FOR JOBFAIR
Lakan Garcia DIRECTOR FOR TECHNICALS

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 THE 2016 CAREER
HANDBOOK TEAM
Mark Keanu James Exconde ARTICLES
Alessandra Fajardo
Ysabela Angela Flores
Tyrone Robert Garcia
Genrev Kiel Hizon
Romeo Ben Manangu
Franchesca Maranan
Geoffrey Naldoza
Elaine Bernadette Olandria
Kimberly Palomique
Alexander Roxas
Abigail Laureen Sy
Lianne Kirsten Visperas

Sweet Hazel Aquino LAYOUT

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MESSAGE FROM THE
UP CAPES PRESIDENT
Dear graduating students,

The next few months will begin to define your life - from your last exams and
requirements in school to writing your résumé and sending in those applications.
It is the time to reflect on who you are and where you want to go. It is the time
to start thinking about your passions and what you’re good at, what you want to
learn, and what your dreams are.

UP CAPES designs various activities throughout the year to help you jumpstart
your career. The Seminar Series aims to help boost your confidence, while
the Jobfair aims to connect you with career prospects. Take advantage of all
the opportunities to present yourself and all that you’ve worked hard for, and
maximize the chances to stand out.

It is normal to be anxious of the future, but don’t be scared. Trust that the College
of Engineering has equipped you with all the knowledge and skills you need to
face the world after graduation. Along with the admin, faculty, and staff of the
College, we in UP CAPES believe in and are proud of the talent of our graduates.
As you leave, don’t forget to look back to the College you’ve called home and
give back to the country that has supported your dreams.

On behalf of the UP CAPES Executive Board 15-16, I’d like to congratulate the
graduating class. Good luck and become the great engineers you are destined to
be! Inhenyero para sa bayan!

Sofia Denise M. Jeresano

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MESSAGE FROM THE
CAREER HANDBOOK TEAM
Dear Engineering Students,

Yet another chapter of your life is about to come to a close. In a few months,
you’ll be leaving the University with a prestigious degree and a worthy bucket
of memories. And just when you think that you’ve dotted all the i’s and crossed
all the t’s, you find yourself starting a new and even more exciting chapter than
the one you’re about to close: building a career.

There is no single path to follow when it comes to making a career. Just as

any good story can have as much plot twists and turns, your career path can
go in any direction as well. But of course, there’s still that lingering feeling of
uncertainty – the fear of the unknown. How do I start building my career? Where
do I even begin? We have compiled in this handbook the many basic steps and
tips that you can follow so that you can get started. We hope that through this,
we will be able to help you find a career that gives all success and fulfillment that
you’ve always dreamed of achieving.

Head out into the real world with as much confidence and guts as you had when
you first entered the College of Engineering!

All the best,

2016 CHB Team

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FOREWORD
A few months from now, you will be proudly wearing your sablay and marching as
graduates of Batch 2016. After which, you will be setting out to carve your niche
in your chosen engineering field, whether as part of the private sector, public
service, or the academe. It is important then that you set your course in the right
direction so that you will be able to maximize your potential contribution to our
country’s progress as “Iskolar ng Bayan.”

But before you embark on this new chapter in your lives, you will be going
through these initial steps: preparing your resumés, discerning which companies
to apply for, getting ready for job interviews, or contemplating on becoming a
technopreneur. This Career Handbook will help and guide you as you go
through these stages. Let me thank UP CAPES for coming up with this handbook
and for constantly being at the helm in looking for ways to be of service to your
fellow students.

As future graduates of this premier learning institution, it is my fervent wish

that from your ranks as UP Alumni Engineers will emerge the country’s industry,
academe, and public service pillars. Though you will be pursuing your respective
careers, I do hope that you will always find the time to come back and visit your
alma mater which has played a part in molding you to be persons of integrity, who
values hard work and excellence.

Congratulations to you, mga bagong inhenyero ng bayan! After the College

Recognition Rites in June, I would be delighted to see you in our next alumni
homecoming.

Mabuhay kayong lahat!

AURA C. MATIAS, Ph.D

Dean

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PART I:
EXPOSITION

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SELF-ASSESSMENT
Before you begin your career-building, you need to do a proper self-assessment.
There are many ways to forge your own path after graduation, and all of them
are at least equally rewarding. The best way to narrow it down is to thoroughly
understand yourself in terms of what you want to do, what you are good at, and
what kind benefits you are looking for. However, once you consider all of these
factors, the process of choosing what you want to do for a living can become
very overwhelming. The following questions can guide you towards choosing a
career that suits your interests, accommodates your needs, and unlocks your full
potential.

WHAT ACTIVITIES GIVE YOU A SENSE OF FULFILMENT,

ACCOMPLISHMENT, OR PRIDE?
A common misconception about career building is that business and pleasure
don’t mix. On the contrary, aligning your career choices to your passions is the
key to satisfaction in the workplace. List down activities, mental or physical, that
you find stimulating and gratifying, and those you have been successful at. Try to
remember things you did in high school or college that you enjoyed doing, even if
it isn’t related to work. Sometimes companies have special groups of employees
who get together to play sports or make music. Don’t count any of your passions
out.

WHAT ARE YOUR KEY ABILITIES AND STRENGTHS?

Identifying the things you do best can give you a good grasp of the goals you
should be setting for yourself. It allows you to determine the jobs you are most
likely inclined towards, while showing you what areas you need to improve on.
Normally, people go for jobs that they are naturally inclined to, but you may
also prefer careers that allow you to develop skills that you feel you need to be
become better at.

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WHAT VALUES DO YOU LOOK FOR IN WORK?
How far is the office from your house? Does it pay well? A career is not only a
job, but also a lifestyle. Building your career around these real world issues and
considerations will lead to more satisfaction in your work. Values in this case can
also take the form of a company’s culture. Are you looking for a very professional
atmosphere, or something more easy-going for your first job? Try to gage the
amount of comfort you want to experience in your workplace, or the kind of
people you want to work with.

WHAT ARE YOUR CORE PERSONALITY TRAITS?

A familiarity with your own personality can help you better understand the
personalities of others and your unique working style. Recognizing your personal
approach to tasks and people equips you with essential knowledge that you can
use in finding the right career path. It helps you determine the kind of work that
appeals to you, and the kind of people who complement you in a team.

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SELF-ASSESSMENT WORKSHEET

The following worksheet may help you better understand yourself and develop
your career focus.

Top 5 fields or industries I want to work in:

1. Architectural Firm
2. Interior Design
3. High-Rise Developers
4. Housing Developers
5. Construction Industry

Top 5 activities I enjoy:

1. Interior Designing
2. 3D Visualization
3. Landscape Planning
4. CAD Drafting
5. Walkthrough/Fly-Ins
Rate the following factors in terms of importance when choosing a job:
Not at all Not very Somewhat Important Very
Important
Work atmosphere/culture check
Growth opportunities check
Promotion opportunities check
Flexibility/independence check
Good compensation check

Check the boxes that indicate personal strengths of yours, then write down when
you demonstrated these strengths on the blanks provided.
My strengths are… I demonstrated this strength during… (event, activity,
or project)
Adaptability
Analytical Thinking
Attention to Detail
Creativity
Dependability
Initiative
Integrity
Leadership

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EXPLORING YOUR
OPTIONS
Now that you’ve organized your personal information, it’s time to sort the
different opportunities. There are other options besides corporate jobs, like
entrepreneurship, teaching and higher studies that all may provide unique
experiences. You may already have a career path in mind, but other options are
also worth looking into. Sometimes, stepping out of your comfort zone helps you
discover your real strengths and capabilities. In any case, it’s best to match your
priorities and qualifications and choose the path that suits you perfectly. You
may even decide to engage in two different paths, like taking part-time graduate
studies and working in a corporate job. To help you evaluate which to take, here
are some of each path’s advantages and disadvantages.

CORPORATE The option people most commonly take is a job

in a corporation. These sorts of jobs often have
a higher and more stable compensation, but at
the cost of a more rigid work environment.

GOVERNMENT/ You may also opt to work in more service-

NGO oriented organizations, like the government or
non-government organizations. The atmosphere
is normally not as rigid as in a corporation
(depending on the government agency), but
there is more fulfillment in working towards a
cause that contributes to society. The downside
of this career path is that compensation is
usually lower than in a corporate job.

VOLUNTEER/ Volunteer or non-profit work is another way to

NON-PROFIT work for a cause. The schedule for these kinds
of jobs are often more flexible; however, the
compensation is minimal.

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ENTREPRENEURSHIP Some people want to be their own boss by
starting their own business. Although this may
initially need a high amount effort to be put into
raising capital, networking, and doing research
on your chosen business, the schedule is also
flexible, and you have the potential to generate
very high returns.

GRADUATE SCHOOL You may also want to go back to school and

work on a master’s or eventually a doctorate
degree. These are additional credentials that will
increase your market value in the industry, and
you might even want to teach undergraduates,
contributing to the Philippine Engineers of
the future. The main disadvantage with this is
having to pay for school expenses, and forgoing
more lucrative full-time positions.

VACATION You don’t necessarily have to start working or

studying after graduation. You can also take
time to recharge after college, or to think about
your career if you’re still uncertain. Obviously,
this option will not earn you any money or work
experience, and will also take from your savings.

There are quite a number of paths you can go into. Your career path may even be
none of those provided above, but the important thing is that it must be something
you’re very PASSIONATE about. Right now, it might still be unclear where you’re
heading towards. Don’t worry; that is perfectly normal. Just take time to think
about the career that you really want to pursue, and you will surely find yourself
treading that path.

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 JOB HUNTING

As time passes by, people’s lifestyles change and consequently, the methods
on how people pursue a job evolve from the traditional way to the modern way.
Despite developments, some would still prefer the primitive and traditional way
of job hunting. What do you think is more effective?

TRADITIONAL
One traditional way of finding a job is scouring through printed media such as
newspapers and sometimes, magazines. The daily papers provide segments
of classified advertisements unveiling different job offerings from different
companies. Also, specially produced magazines may also have general job
listings. Taking out your pen and highlighting the promising job opportunities
found on different printed media may still be effective especially that not all
companies are fully-equipped to cater online job offerings or applications.

Furthermore, one of the most traditional ways of finding a job is company-

hopping. Company-hopping is applying from one company to another. However,
company-hunting wouldn’t be effective without the cover letter and résumé. The

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cover letter is an effective tool in job hunting. It is a letter showing one’s intent
on an unadvertised job offered by a certain company or hiring manager. On the
other hand, résumés are one good way to give an overview of an applicant’s
capabilities that covers educational attainment, past job experiences, and many
more relevant entries.

Also, an applicant may find ease in job-hunting through different personal

networking, or referral-based job-hunting methods. This approach is effective
in finding a job especially because you worry less about the competition a
certain advertised job offer may round up. In addition, getting referred is a great
advantage because you already start with a good impression.

MODERN
Generally, the modern way of job hunting makes use of technology. Similar to
the classified advertisements, the internet offers a wide-range of job listings. All
that’s needed is to click on a text-search box, and type in the job of interest. Pretty
simple, right? Also, more than just the internet are online recruiting platforms
like Kalibrr, LinkedIn, and a whole lot more. Most of these recruiting tools offer
a seamless and convenient job-hunting experience. Kalibrr and LinkedIn render
assessments that drive faster hiring decisions. These assessments are based on
the applicant’s inputted credentials online.

Nowadays, job-seekers find opportunities in job fairs. Job fairs are an assemblage
of different companies giving information like the nature of the jobs they offer,
possible salary, and other aspects to potential employees. A job fair is a perfect
occasion for an applicant to make a good impression on future co-workers and is
also a good opportunity to expand his/her personal network.

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JOB FAIR
It’s important to come to any career fair well prepared and ready to meet our
company representatives. Here are some tips to help you get started and help
you bring your A-game to Jobfair 2016!

BEFORE JOBFAIR 2016

DOCUMENTS TO PREPARE

RESUME
Prepare your resume ahead of time beforehand. Make sure you proofread
and have your resume reviewed before printing. Use resume guidelines
and try to make it as concise as possible. Make sure your resume is easy to
read and look at as well.
Prepare plenty of copies of your resume ready for all the companies you
might be interested in or are interested in you. You might need to prepare
more than one version as well depending on whom you are applying for.
Place them in a portfolio or professional folder.

BUSINESS CARDS
Handing a business card to a company representative is a great way to be
remembered. It shows how well you prepared and how professional you
can be. Prepare your business cards ahead of time and make them as easy
to read as possible but at the same time will stand out from the rest.

DRESSING RIGHT
Come to the fair dressed in smart casual attire. Try your best to keep your clothes
wrinkle-free and neat. Avoid using strong scents or perfumes, but still try to stay
fresh as possible.

RESEARCHING POTENTIAL EMPLOYERS

It is important to know whom you will be dealing and interacting with in the career
fair. Do your part and research about the companies or organizations that will
be present in the fair. You want to be able to speak intelligently and be able to
ask knowledgeable questions about their company and opportunities. Also, it’s
important to know about the company in order for you to know which of them
you’d really be interested in and would be a fit in.
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CREATING THE PERFECT INTRODUCTORY SPIEL
Your introductory spiel should be able to easily explain who you are and what you
are seeking. Try your best to keep it as concise as possible (20-30 seconds max)
but at the same time, keep it as natural and relaxed as you can. Avoid sounding
like a robot or someone reading a script. Here are some important things you can
mention in your spiel:
• Name, education and past or current career related experiences
• Campus involvement, internships or past career experiences
• Skills, strengths and/or accomplishments

DURING JOBFAIR 2016

When the recruiter asks, “Do you have any questions?”, it is important that you
have a few ready. Asking questions to your future employers shows interest and
suggest that you are serious with your career plans. Here are some questions
that you may want to ask during:

1. What educational background do you prefer of employees?

2. What sort of training programs do new employees receive?
3. Does your company offer an internship program?
4. What opportunities does a (CE, ChE, etc.) Engineer have in your company?
5. Where are your company’s (insert type of engineer)s based?
6. What have you enjoyed most about working for your company?
7. What do you think were the toughest problems your company has had to
face lately?
8. Besides engineering knowledge, what personal skills does your company
look for in its engineers?
9. What else are you learning right now in your job?

DO’S AND DON’TS

As a summary, here are the some of the rules and guidelines for students and
job-seekers to achieve success in navigating through a career fair:

DO:
• Have a specific strategy for maximizing your time at the event. Know when
and where to find your choice companies so that you don’t miss your
chance for direct interaction with their representatives.
• Research on the companies that interest you so that you can make a good
impression on their representatives when you speak with them.
• Take the time to network with the recruiter and get the name of a hiring
manager for your particular career field. Ask the company representative
for his/her business card or contact information for future reference.
• Remember all the keys to successful interviewing because many of these
can be applied even outside the context of an interview, such as a firm

17
 handshake, a warm smile, eye contact, and a strong voice.
• Bring enough copies of your resume to the career fair.
• Ask about the hiring process of each company, but don’t ask too many
questions about salaries, vacation time, and other benefits.

DONT:
• Eliminate companies because they are recruiting for positions outside your
field. Try asking the company representative if they may have opportunities
for you in the future.
• Drop your resume on the recruiter’s table and walk off.
• Be afraid or intimidated by the recruiter.
• Use filler words such as “um”, “like”, and “you know.”
• Just walk up to a booth and interrupt a current conversation; wait your turn
and be polite.
• Waste the opportunity to network, not only with the recruiters, but with
fellow job-seekers and other professionals in attendance at the career fair.

AFTER JOBFAIR 2016

SENDING A THANK-YOU NOTE

After having your insightful conversation with the company reps you’ve talked
to, the next thing you need to do is to make your gratitude felt by sending them
a thank-you note. Send a thank-you note especially to the company reps who
have given their business card to you, these are the people who are most likely
interested in hiring you so you have to keep the communication going. This
gesture may also show them you are very enthused and you are also interested
in working with their company in the near future.

The most effective way of sending a thank-you note is via sending an e-mail
at least a day after talking to the company rep. Keep your letters concise, and
always check your letter if the spelling, grammar, and the details of the company
rep are correct.

Here is a sample thank-you message:

Dear Ms. Doe:

Thank you for taking the time to speak with me today. After speaking with you
about the opportunities available at XYZ and meeting with your colleagues, I
am even more interested in joining your company.
I was particularly excited to learn about XYZ’s focus on research and

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 development. As I mentioned, I was able to develop my expertise in this field
when I was hired as a research intern at ABC Corporation. I feel I could be an
asset to your organization in this area.
Again, thank you for your consideration. I look forward to speaking with you
soon.

Sincerely Yours,
Maria

Maria Torero
1234 Linda Vista Road #56
San Diego, CA 92110
(619) 260-1234
mtorero@sandiego.edu

FOLLOW UP
Following up is another way to stand out from the crowd because only a few
people take the time or make the effort. Companies see the initiative and
enthusiasm in a candidate when they follow up.

Timing is important when you follow up. Follow up at least a week after sending
your thank-you note. No matter what method of follow up you choose (phone,
e-mail, or professional network such as LinkedIn), express your interest in the
position you are applying for, highlight your top qualities that match the job, and
keep your messages short and straight to the point.

Here are some other items you might want to ask about in a follow-up message:
• Checking on progress of application
• Inquiring about opportunities you discovered on their site
• Asking about a certain recruitment program or competition

JOIN COMPANY INTERNSHIPS

For undergraduate students, we encourage you to take the opportunity to apply
for internships this Jobfair. Joining internships will help you gain actual work
experience and will teach you more about the career path you are pursuing. It
will also help you build a professional network by providing avenues for you to
interact with professionals and establish new connections.

So be sure to prepare your resumes before Jobfair, and know more about the
internship programs of the companies by visiting their booths on Jobfair.

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JOB HUNTING ETHICS
Looking for a job is truly one of the most challenging parts in life after graduation.
What happens during this point of your life may dictate a big part of your future.
With the foregoing challenge, you mustn’t forget to practice the proper etiquette
to be able to successfully push through the job search. Here are some things to
take note throughout the process of job hunting:

ON RÉSUMÉ WRITING A résumé is a document which contains the

brief description of a person’s educational
attainment, qualifications, and accomplishments.
Remember to be honest when creating your
résumé. Never overstate any detail such as your
General Weighted Average or the positions
you’ve held. Understating isn’t recommended
either. Overstating or understating will mislead
the employer as to what your accomplishments
truly are.

ON INFORMATIONAL Informational meetings are short sessions which

MEETINGS discuss further details regarding the job applied.
During informational meetings, remember to
maintain a professional demeanour. Ensure that
you are properly dressed as a professional.
Also, take note to never be late for informational
meetings since punctuality makes a very big
first impression towards employers. And at the
end of the session, show courtesy by saying
thank you to the employer.

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ON THE INTERVIEW Job interview is a major step in the job hunting
process. This moment will showcase you as
an individual as you present yourself, your
qualifications, and accomplishments to the
employer through a brief self-introduction and
question and answer portion. Just like during
informative meetings, punctuality is valued
since it makes a very big impression towards
employers. Make sure to arrive much earlier
than the set interview time so that you are still
able to prepare yourself after a long travel.
Throughout the interview, ensure courtesy by
addressing the interviewee as Ma’am or Sir or
whatever they prefer.

Additionally, it is important to take note that

honesty is still important throughout the
interview. Answers should also be direct to the
point so as not to waste the employer’s time. It
is also recommended to engage with interactive
discussions with employers to emphasize your
interest in the job and the company. Always
remember to know your limits on what to say
to the employer since some information may be
self-destructive and may reduce your chances
in getting the job.

ON ACCEPTING OR After the whole job hunting process, it is

REJECTING THE essential to respectfully accept or reject the job
JOB OFFER offer. Acceptance and rejection may be done
through a phone call or a brief letter. Make sure
that the employer is well informed of whatever
decision you will make at the end.

Job hunting may be a long and challenging process in the life of every individual.
But always know that with the proper ethics, it wouldn’t be a hard time for anyone
to go on with the process and reach success in the end.

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JOB HUNTING CHECKLIST
EXPOSITION (JOB HUNTING)

I HAVE:
☐☐ identified my strengths and weaknesses.
☐☐ evaluated my skills and talents.
☐☐ a clear idea on the type of job(s) that interest(s) me.
☐☐ mapped out a career path that I want to take.
☐☐ weighed the pros and cons of the career path I want to take.
☐☐ looked through newspapers and magazines for job postings that I am qualified
to apply for.
☐☐ looked through online websites for job postings that I am qualified to apply for.
☐☐ asked about any upcoming job fairs that I can attend.
☐☐ a clear understanding of how to act when I am in a job fair.

RISING ACTION (COVER LETTER AND RÉSUMÉ)

I HAVE:
☐☐ understood what a cover letter is and its importance.
☐☐ written a cover letter with all the necessary parts.
☐☐ addressed my cover letter to a specific person and included his/her appropriate
designation.
☐☐ a specific objective as to why I am sending the employer my cover letter and
résumé.
☐☐ indicated some of my skills, experiences and knowledge on the position I am
applying for in my cover letter.
☐☐ included a closing statement in my cover letter.
☐☐ checked my cover letter for spelling and grammar errors.
☐☐ understood what a résumé is and its importance.
☐☐ a clear idea of the different types of résumés.
☐☐ chosen a résumé type that suits my accomplishments.
☐☐ developed relevant content for my résumé.
☐☐ chosen an appropriate type of résumé style for the experiences I have.
☐☐ kept the words and phrases in my résumé concise and simple.
☐☐ adjusted my résumé to accommodate the different positions that I am applying
for in different companies.
☐☐ a résumé that is easy to read with distinguishable sections, clean layout, and
readable font.
☐☐ checked my résumé letter for spelling and grammar errors.
☐☐ prepared a list of people that I can include as references for my past work
experience.
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☐☐ informed the people on my reference list that they may expect a call from a
company that I am applying for.
☐☐ made a list of people that can serve as my references for a job I am applying for.
☐☐ contacted the people on my reference list and asked for their permission to
be included as a reference person.
☐☐ informed the people on my reference list on the nature of the job I am
applying for.

CLIMAX (INTERVIEW)

I HAVE:
☐☐ a clear understanding of the different types of interviews that I may encounter.
☐☐ established a strategy on how to present myself in each of the different types
of interviews.
☐☐ researched on the questions that I may expect during my interview.
☐☐ practiced answering some commonly asked questions during interviews.
☐☐ full knowledge on the company and position that I am applying for.
☐☐ prepared relevant questions to ask the interviewer.
☐☐ practiced my firm handshake.
☐☐ mapped out my route to the location of my interview.
☐☐ an appropriate attire laid-out and ready for me to wear on the day of my
interview.

RESOLUTION (POST-INTERVIEW)

I HAVE:
☐☐ chased every potential job lead.
☐☐ given my regards or appreciation to the interviewer(s) that I had appointments
with.
☐☐ followed-up on every single job posting that I sent a cover letter and résumé to.
☐☐ contacted my interviewer [insert time here] after my interview to know about
the progress of my application.
☐☐ evaluated the pros and cons of each job I am offered.
☐☐ called the companies that offered me a job when I have questions about the
salary and benefits.
☐☐ researched on an appropriate range for my salary and benefits.
☐☐ knowledge on how to write acceptance and rejection letters for job offers.
☐☐ written an acceptance letter the company that offered me a job and I am taking.
☐☐ written a letter of rejection to all the companies that offered me a job but I did
not take.
☐☐ knowledge on how to acquire the necessary legal documents required of me
by my employer.
☐☐ knowledge on how to conduct myself on the first few days at work.
☐☐ thought about the next few steps I can take should I not be offered a job after
my interviews.
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PART II:
RISING
ACTION

24
COVER LETTER
To a novice’s eye, the corporate world could be fast-paced and brutal. Often in the
unforgiving world of the hiring manager, naked résumés are short lived – going
from the desk to the shredder faster than a heartbeat. A cover letter is like fancy
clothing for you and your résumé: it not only makes the résumé more appealing to
read, it also makes you a more appealing candidate! If you’re absolutely gunning
for a position, then you should treat the cover letter the same respect you would
give your résumé. A cover letter should be tailored, though in this case tailored
for each job or position.

When writing anything formal, it goes without saying that your grammar
and punctuations should be correct. Aside from that, you should also sound
professional. It’s okay to be enthusiastic and passionate, just remember not to
overdo it and keep things formal. In addressing the letter, take some time to do
a bit of research. Don’t address your cover letter with a “Dear Sir/Madam” or the
ungodly “To whom it may concern:”. Make a call or study the company’s website
first. Make sure that you know who to specifically address. Even if you make a
mistake and put a wrong name there, a show of effort is always appreciated!

Before the résumé or the interview, your cover letter should already be able
to sell your good points to your potential employer. Firstly, as with any formal
document, include your potential employer’s contact details. Secondly, explain
why you’re sending your potential employer your résumé. Be as specific as
possible: do you want a part-time job, a specific position, or are you inquiring
for possible positions? Remember also to tell your potential employer how you
learned about them.

At this point, you should be starting to sell your good points already. Tell them
about your experiences, skills, and knowledge that are relevant to the position
you’re gunning for. Here you can use some examples from your résumé, but
don’t exhaust them all! It’s also very important to sound as confident as possible.
Be careful not to overdo this, though, as this confidence could be mistaken as
bragging (which is a big turn-off for most employers). You could also tell your
employer your motivations for choosing to apply for a position in their company.
Lastly, make a call for action in your closing statement. A simple “I look forward to
hearing from you” or “I hope to hear from you soon” will suffice.

Once you think you’re done, proofread your work. Go over it a couple of times and
streamline it to better get your points across. When in doubt, have someone read
it and comment on it first, before you send it to your potential employer. Always
remember that a good cover letter could set you apart from other candidates, and
it could mean a lot for you in the long run!

25
 SAMPLE COVER
LETTER

Kath Q. Vicente (049) 789 9999 | (+63) 912 345 6789

kqvicente@rocketmail.com 221B Baker St., Biñan, Laguna

January 19, 2014

Mr. Jack Daniel Santos

Vice President, Human Resources
Reichenbach Distilleries
42 Congressional Avenue
Dasmariñas, Cavite

Dear Mr. Santos,

I would like to apply for the advertised position of Manufacturing Engineer listed
on your company’s Jobstreet.com.ph profile. Having recently acquired my license
as a Chemical Engineer and a graduate of the University of the Philippines –
Diliman, I wish to bring my skills, knowledge, and commitment to the innovative
environment of your company.

My time in college and my experience as an intern in the San Miguel Corporation

has equipped me with the necessary skillset and knowledge to be able to work
excellently as an Engineer in the field of manufacturing.

I have also worked as the Marketing head for the national quiz bowl organized by
my home organization in college while also being the Internal Affairs Officer of my
regional organization while also working on my undergraduate thesis. I believe
my multitasking and marketing skills will be a useful asset to your rapidly-growing
company.

A more detailed description of my work-related experience can be found in my

resume, enclosed with this letter.

I look forward to hearing from you soon.

Yours sincerely,
Kath Q. Vicente

26
 RÉSUMÉ

A résumé is a formal snapshot of your experiences and accomplishments.

Although it is a concise 1-2 page document, it must also be detailed enough to
capture the interest of your future employer and land you that interview.

A résumé contains the following information:

CONTACT DETAILS
Be sure to include your full name, present and permanent address, landline
and cellphone numbers, and your email address. Make sure that your email
is appropriate for business. Other details such as marital status, political and
religious affiliations don’t need to be included.

EDUCATION
Keep this part short but detailed. Mention your current academic standing and
mention your highest achievements. You can include competitions won, lab
affiliations, electives taken that are related to the job description, or topic of
thesis or final project.

27
EXPERIENCES
When listing your relevant extracurricular activities, avoid cliché and vague words.
If possible, quantify the detail on your list (how much money you handled or saved,
how many participants or sponsors you were able to contact, etc.). Focus on the
tasks or problems solved rather than the title or position you held.

SKILLS
You can include skills such as programming languages, software proficiency,
technical knowledge, or language spoken. The key here is to keep it honest;
don’t exaggerate either. For example, if you want to include your knowledge of a
language, note if you can just understand the language, only at a conversational
level, or if you are really fluent at it.

OTHER INTERESTS
Give them a brief view of your personality outside work and academics. This will
help your future employers assess how well you could fit alongside their other
employees and make you stand out a little bit.

RÉSUMÉ TYPES
There are different ways to arrange these things in a résumé. Here are the most
common types and their advantages:

REVERSE CHRONOLOGICAL
This is done by listing your work history with the most recent on top.
Employers typically prefer this kind of résumé due to its ease of review. This
is good for highlighting a strong work or academic record. Showing different
achievements through the years demonstrate consistency and dedication.

FUNCTIONAL
This format is done by highlighting more of your skills and experiences.
You could emphasize tasks that you have handled or events that you have
participated in. This is very useful if you have handled various positions as it
shows your versatility and work ethic.

OTHER TIPS
• Keep it concise and simple
• Tailor your résumé to the position you are applying for
• Always check for errors in spelling, data, and grammar.
• Format your résumé such that it is easy to read and the different sections are
clearly distinguishable.

28
 SAMPLE RÉSUMÉ

Yourname A. Surname
123, Samuel Street, District 1, Z City
516-****; 0934******* / yourname@gmail.com

EDUCATIONAL AND EXPERIENCE

2011 TO PRESENT College of Engineering, University of the
Philippines Diliman
• Bachelor of Science in Electronics Engineering, Cum Laude
standing
• Took electives about power electronics as an affiliate
of Power Electronics Laboratory Applied my technical
knowledge as a member of the Diliman team for Shell Eco-
Marathon Asia 2015
• Currently conducting research on DC microgrid for wind and
solar power integration.
2007 TO 2011 Name of High School
• C onsistent Honor Student
• Actively competed in mathematics competitions on the
national level
2015 Maxim Integrated Philippines
• Participated in Maxim’s summer internship program at their
operations plant in General Trias, Cavite.
• Reported directly to project manager and assisted in various
departments of the plant.

CO-CURRICULAR ACTIVITIES
UP Engineering Student Council (2013-2014)
• E lectrical and Electronics Engineering representative
• Contacted and secured ten sponsors for the Engineering Opening Week 2013.
• Coordinated the logistics needed for Miss Engineering 2013.

Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineering – UP Diliman Student

Chapter
• Member (2011-present) – Conducted lectures on different public high
schools on various topics like programming and basic circuit theory.

OTHER INFORMATION
Has excellent leadership and communication skills. Proficient in Microsoft Office
applications. Plays basketball and touch rugby. Is friendly, passionate, and
meticulous.

29
REFERENCES
When looking for a job, some employers will require you to submit a short list of
references. They could use this list to verify the data on your resume or to know
you better before or after the interview. Here are a few steps to properly cite your
references.

1. Making the list. Cite people that will provide examples of the skills that
you have highlighted. Although people with a higher position than you are
usually cited, you could still put people ranked equally or below you. The
important thing is that they know you well enough to give a detailed positive
review to your future employer. Don’t pick family and friends though as their
opinions are instantly considered biased towards you.

2. Contact them. Always ask for their permission before you put them as
references since you will be sending their personal contact information
with yours. If they agreed to be cited, ask them how they prefer they be
contacted (email, cellphone, work phone, etc.)

3. Inform them about the nature of the job you are vying for or offer to give
them a copy of your resume. This will help refresh their memory for specific
details about the time you worked for or with them.

4. If you are putting the references with your resume, attach them on a
separate page. Clearly provide their full name, occupation and business
contact details. Ensure that the details are correct and updated.

5. Remember that you can alter the resume list per resume. Just like your skills
and experiences section, you can tailor your reference list to better fit the
job you are applying for.

30
PART III:
CLIMAX

31
TYPES OF
INTERVIEWS
One thing fresh graduates look forward to would be immediate hiring. But before
getting a job, employers would most often than not interview their prospects first,
and what better way to be prepared for a job interview then to know about the kinds
of interviews done by different companies?

STANDARD OR TRADITIONAL
This interview involves questions that are a way for the interviewer to know about
you as well as if they have the skills necessary for the job. Some examples would be:

Why are you here today?

What makes you qualified for this job?

The best way is to answer concisely and honestly, although it wouldn’t hurt to have
answers prepared the day before the interview.

PANEL
This interview is conducted by more than one representative from different
departments such as someone from human resources and possibly even the boss
of the company itself. As such, questions are varied and may be biased toward what
position the interviewer holds.

In a panel interview, be yourself and act interested throughout the interview, as it is

important to leave a good impression on the panel. It is important to sell yourself and
your skills to the interviewers.

32 32
BEHAVIORAL
Questions in this type of interview deal with your behavior in past situations in order
to find how you may possibly act in future situations. Some questions would be:

What can you say is your biggest achievement right now?

How did you resolve an issue with someone who you didn’t get along with?

To answer questions from this interview, describe the past situation clearly, how you
acted, and what you gained from the experience.

SITUATIONAL
Unlike questions from the behavioral interview which deal with past situations,
questions from the situational interview deal with future situations in order to test
the skills you have in your chosen field.

In situational interviews, it is best to answer concisely and honestly on how you

would solve the problem, from the plan of action to its execution. If the question is
closely related to your chosen field, be sure to include technical insight as well.

CASE
This interview is mainly done for consulting firms, and as such; are heavy on how you
think and how are able to reach a conclusion; the answers for these questions need
not be that exact. Sample questions would be business issues such as:

A newly-opened bookstore near a large university isn’t meeting the projected

profits. Why?

In order to answer these questions, it helps to engage your interviewer as you come
to your conclusion. Make it seem as if you are just having a normal conversation, all
the while stating the assumptions and justifications in order to reach the estimated
answer.

PRESENTATION OR DEMO
As with case interviews, a problem is given to you, but instead of immediately giving
an answer, you are given some time to think of a solution to the problem, which
would be presented later on to a panel of interviewers.

For interviews like these, budget the allotted time into three parts: outline the
problem, think of solution, and lastly, apply the solutions to solve the problem. While
presenting, graphs or diagrams will also help in order to properly convey content as
well as your thinking process.

33 33
INTERVIEW PROPER
Knowing the steps in the interview process will also help you prepare for a job
interview.

INTRODUCTION
This part sets the interviewer’s first impressions on you.

GREETING
Non-verbal communication is key here – from how you smile as you greet
the interviewer, to the tone of your voice while greeting, and how firm your
handshake is. All of it will leave an impression on the interviewer.

Be sure to stand up straight, and look at the interviewer in the eyes as you
greet him or her. Exude confidence.

BREAKING THE ICE

This is done by the interviewer in order to relax interviewees. They may
engage you in small talk such as asking about the weather.

Avoid controversial topics which will prolong this part of the interview.
Instead, you may comment on the décor of the room where you’re being
interviewed. Try to establish a connection with the interviewer in order to
show that you’re a people person.

INTERVIEW EXPECTATIONS
Here, the interviewer may give an outline of what will happen during the
interview. At this point, you may clarify things you’re unsure of, but this may
also be done later on in the interview.

34
PRESENTATION
This is the main part of the interview. Listen attentively to the interviewer in order
to be able to give concise answers. Clarify unclear questions. When you don’t
know the answer to questions, don’t bluff; instead, admit that you don’t know, and
you’ll get back to them later on, when you can.

INTERVIEW CONVERSATION
The questions here starts from broad topics, then funnels to more specific
ones such as your education, experiences, interests, and the like. Present
your achievements here, but limit it to only the top 3 to 5 you want to
highlight. Some questions here may also ask about the company you’re
applying for, so make sure to have researched beforehand.

FURTHER PROBING
The questions here will establish if you are qualified for the job you are
applying for. Demonstrate your technical knowledge here, or your strengths
in past work experiences. However, don’t drag the conversation for too
long. The interviewer will want to have a feel of what kind of a possible
future employee you will be, from your thought processes to your behavior.

OBTAINING INFORMATION FOR YOURSELF

This is the part where you may ask questions to the interviewer. Ask questions
intelligently. Show your enthusiasm by clarifying things regarding the job you’re
applying for, such as what to expect from it, or a little more about the company
you’re applying in. Do not ask about the salary the job will give.

WRAPPING THINGS UP
The conclusion of the interview.

CLOSING
Your last chance to leave a good, lasting impression. Sum up how interested
you are in the job, as well as why they should hire you.After, thank everyone
who interviewed you and ask for their business card if possible. Shake their
hands firmly and maintain eye contact as you leave.

FOLLOW-UP
Send an email to follow-up on the results of the interview, but do so only if
you haven’t heard from the interviewers on the day they promised to get
back to you.

35
INTERVIEW
QUESTIONS TYPES
Interviewers vary in their style of evaluating applicants. Some ask the same set
of questions for all applicants while other employers prefer totally unstructured
questions. Since it is impossible to know the exact questions, you can prepare for
your interview by reviewing the common types of interview questions you may
face.

INTRODUCTORY
This type of questions is an opportunity for you to set the tone of the interview.
Introductory questions always include traditional questions like “Why are you the
best candidate for this position?” or “Tell me about yourself.”

CREDENTIAL AND EXPERIENCE VERIFICATION

These questions are meant to verify the most significant parts of your resume.
Credential questions measure the depth of your knowledge to establish your
educational attainment while experience questions subjectively evaluate your
background by examining your extra-curricular experiences. You are assumed
to have minimal job experiences so questions will be based on your background
as an undergraduate student. Expect questions like “How well did you do in your
major subjects?” or “What learning, experience or training have you received that
prepares you for this job?”

BEHAVIORAL
Behavioral questions help your interviewer assess if you have the skills their
company are looking for by using your past behaviors as predictor of your future
performance. Your interviewer may ask how you handled a specific situation or
task in which you were involved and the outcome of your actions. It is important
to emphasize your role in achieving the task by making your answer personal and
beginning it with “I”. Make sure that you clearly identify the situation and the tasks
required, describe the details of your actions and discuss the results. So before
an interview, think of challenging tasks in which you illustrated your skills through
your behavior.

36
COMPANY KNOWLEDGE
These questions will determine if you know what the company expects from you.
You may be asked questions like “Why do you want to work here?” or “What
contributions could you make to the company?” In answering questions on how
you can be a benefit to the company, be more specific as this seems to make you
a better fit. Being knowledgeable about the company, its industry, the position,
and its function beforehand also reveals your interest in getting the job.

SITUATIONAL
Situational questions are problem-solving questions. Your interviewer will give
you a complex problem based on your desired position and you should provide
a possible solution. These questions will evaluate your decision-making skills
as well as determine how you would think critically and creatively under stress.
You should remember that identifying the exact correct answer is not what your
interviewer wants you to demonstrate; rather, the interviewer wants you to show
your ability to analyze the problem, justify your answer, and communicate your
thoughts quickly.

STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES

Interviewers ask this type of question to know how well you know yourself. It
is your chance to highlight your strengths as an asset that would make you
valuable to the company. On the other hand, everyone has his own weaknesses
so do not be afraid in being truthful with your answer. But do not be too honest.
Your interviewer wants to reduce the risk of making a lousy hire so be careful
answering this. Variations of these questions include “What part of the job will be
the least challenging for you?”, “What do people most often criticize about you?”,
and “Tell me about something you would have done differently at work.”

37
ANSWERING COMMON
INTERVIEW QUESTIONS
“TELL ME ABOUT YOURSELF.”

“I grew up in Batangas where I finished my primary education. During my

highschool years, I developed a growing interest in physical chemistry.
Because of that, I took up a degree in Chemical Engineering from
University of the Philippines – Diliman, where I graduated with honors.
Before graduating, I was able to publish a research paper on Pyrolysis
in the Incineration of Solid Waste. Throughout college, I was a member
of different academic and service organizations. There, I was able to
hone my leadership and social skills, as well as develop a sense of social
responsibility.”

TIP: Highlight your best experiences, credentials, and relevant skills and
remember to present yourself well. Your interviewer wants to know you as a
person and determine if you are going to fit into the culture of the company.
However, do not include your personal life; your interviewer doesn’t ask you to
hear your hobbies, favorites, or family. Also, keep your answer concise.

“WHY DO YOU WANT TO WORK HERE?”

“Your company’s commitment to innovation makes it an attractive place to

use my skills. My history of always desiring to improve my product designs
during college shows I would be a great fit for the company. But on top of
that, I would really love to work here because I know that your company’s
vision of giving back to society by providing high quality, affordable
products is in line with my ideals.”

TIP: It’s not about your need to have the job. Your interviewer wants to hear how
the company could benefit from you. Think of what you can offer and demonstrate
that your skills, strengths, and experience are a match to the company’s attributes.
Show enthusiasm by indicating that your objective for applying is related to the
company’s vision. Research the company to avoid giving a general answer.

38
“WHAT IS YOUR GREATEST WEAKNESS?”

“One of my biggest concerns is that I am very critical of my own work. I

preferred increasing the quality of it than accomplishing it right away so
that I could spend enough time for other tasks. Although I always finish my
work before the deadline, I find that I can easily waste time checking and
rechecking it. Because of this, I now make a conscious effort to be more
careful and trust myself. I am still critical but I know that there’s a limit to
proofreading.”

TIP: Focus on the positive. Express how you are working on turning your greatest
weakness into strength. Avoid using strongly negative words or phrases. Refer to
your weaknesses as concerns, instead of problems. Don’t say I failed, I couldn’t,
or I hate. Instead, try this formula: given the choice between A and B, I’d prefer
A. If you are going to use the usual strength-in-disguise weakness in your answer
(i.e. I am a perfectionist, I have a hard time declining more responsibilities, etc.),
be sure that it will not make you sound faultless.

“WOULD YOU RATHER WORK ON A TEAM OR ALONE?”

“I really enjoy working as part of a team as I enjoy group brainstorming and

collaboration. It gives me a chance to learn from other people and improve
my relations with them. But that doesn’t mean I cannot work alone as I
believe I can learn and discover more of my abilities independently. I prefer
teamwork, but have no issues working independently.”

TIP: You may or may not choose between the two. Just keep in mind to emphasize
that you can work well either way and indicate the benefits of both. Consider also
what way of working is needed for the position you are applying to.

HOW DO YOU SEE YOURSELF IN FIVE YEARS?

“I am expecting to have contributed a valuable technology to this company

because I believe that, by that time, I would have developed my skills
through working with the people of this company. That’s a big reason why
I would love to build my career here.”

TIP: Your answer should be plausible and general enough, considering you’re
new in the industry. Express your interest working at the company in the long
term, even if you have other career plans. Telling that you already have a plan
working outside the company for better may give the interviewer second thoughts
about hiring you.

39
 IMAGE - WOMEN

Job interviews are opportunities to make notably excellent first impressions on

your potential employers. First impressions are very critical and first and foremost
you should remember that you are marketing yourself to your potential employers.
One major priority you should consider is setting yourself up to stand out from
your competition. And standing out from the competition means choosing the best
possible interview attire you could put on for the employers to have that competitive
edge and that positive first impression.

The most important thing to keep in mind is that you should look polished and
professional. You should always take not that you come in looking tidy, neat and
well-dressed. According to Dr. Randall Hansen, a blogger for quintcareers.com, the
standard job interviewing attire for women is a conservative dark navy blend suit.
Dressing conservatively is always the safest route. A dark, two-piece, gray, navy
or black suit is your best option when interviewing with a conservative company.
It should be complimented with a cotton shirt or a light colored blouse. Strapless,
spaghetti straps and well-worn tees under the jacket are definitely noes.

It wouldn’t also hurt to try to do a little research about your prospective employer’s
casual work dress code so you would know how to adapt the organization. You could
visit the company’s office to retrieve an application or other company information
that may be useful. You may choose to tailor down your look without looking
unkempt, if the company or industry is known for its casual work environment, such
as a laid back tech company. Some appropriate options are slacks and a dressy
4040
blouse, or a tailored skirt and blouse worn with a cardigan or light weight sweater.
The key is to think in terms of “three pieces”. It’s always better to arrive slightly
overdressed than underdressed.

If you’re undecided whether to wear pantsuit or skirt suit, you can always ask a
career service counselor at your university, you can call the Human Resources office
where you are interviewing and discreetly ask about it or simply ask a person you
know that has been working at the company. A pantsuit is generally an acceptable
choice for a job interview, although, as said above, there are still some exceptions
depending on the company.

It is highly encouraged that you take professional minimalism into account and that
a while or light colored, tailored shirt is an interview staple. You could add a simple
neutral colored necklace or other piece of conservative jewelry.

Your shoe selection for a job interview should be professional and understated. One
safe choice is a mid-heel, closed-toe pump. Although, your shoe choice still highly
depends on what kind of position you’re applying for. For example, if you’re applying
for a job in the creative field of fashion, your choice of shoe for the interview might
be required to reflect the current fashion trends.

Attention to details is very crucial and so here are more of the tips that you should
take note of when planning your interview attire:

DO’S:
• well-groomed hairstyle
• manicured nails with a neutral polish
• leather purse
• minimal make-up
• conservative watch
• clean and polished conservative dress shoes
• minimal cologne or perfume
• black or neutral coat (if the weather is inclement)

DON’TS:
• wet hair
• body piercings and tattoos
• casual attire
• short skirt
• heavily scented perfume
• unprofessional casual backpacks

After your attire preparation, don’t forget to check your attire in the rest room
just before the start of your interview to be sure you have all the dos and don’ts
checked. Don’t forget to add a splash of confidence right before going inside the
room; it really completes the whole dress for success look that you just prepared for.
41 41
IMAGE - MEN
Men’s interview attire has been pretty static over the past few years. Nevertheless,
image preparation for the interview should not be taken for granted. Because
there are less things to organize in a man’s attire, the simple details in it become
noticeable. Also, a good outfit can boost your confidence. To better prepare
yourself for that interview, here are a few tips:

SUIT:
• Not required for all interviews, depends on the company you are applying
to, it would be best to know the company’s dress code beforehand
• Conservative, matched two piece suit with 2 or 3 buttons
• Choose dark colors, preferably navy or charcoal
• If you choose black, it is recommended to choose a fabric that has some
pattern
• Purchase the best quality you can afford in 100% wool or a blend of more
than 50% wool
• Sleeve length should fall between your wrists and the top knuckle of your
thumb, showing one inch of shirt cuffs

SHIRT:
• Long sleeved, no-frills dress shirt
• Solid white or solid pastel colors
• Always wear tucked in
• Wear white undershirt

TIE:
• Should complement your suit and shirt - no bow ties
• Should end at the top of your belt
• Choose good quality silk in a simple pattern or solid color
• Clip or pin the tie to keep it from flopping around

SHOES:
• Black leather lace-up shoes
• Well-polished
• Wear with dark calf-length dress socks
• The skin of your calves should not be visible when you sit down

42
HAIRCUT:
• Get that haircut a few days before your interview
• A trim around the neck and ears would also do

LOOK:
• Facial hair should be well-groomed – avoid cutting it yourself
• Clean nails
• Very little or no fragrance at all
• No visible body art

JEWELRY AND ACCESSORIES:

• The main thing to remember is that the simpler and less of it – the better
(this includes rings, earrings and piercings)
• Avoid displaying flashy watches – a watch with a leather band is usually the
best option
• Belt should match the color of your shoes
• Have a clean handkerchief in your pocket

Personal styles are a good way to express individuality, but this almost never
applies to job interviews. Your focus is getting the job, not impressing anyone
with your distinctiveness. A good and polished appearance shows you’re taking
the opportunity seriously and that you are eager to make a good impression, as
well as showing respect to the interviewer.

43
INTERVIEW
PREPARATION
When you finally get that long-awaited call, avoid panicking and take note of
these details.

• The caller’s name, title, and contact number

• The name and title of your interviewer
• The date, time, and place of the interview

To help you better prepare for your interview, here are some tips on what to do
before and on the day of your interview.

A WEEK BEFORE
• Know what you’re getting into. Do some research about the company, the
industry and the position you’re applying for.
• Ponder on possible interview questions, as well as answers. Avoid
memorizing, but be prepared with a mental outline of what you want to say.
• Think of what you want to ask your interviewer.
• If necessary, survey the area and decide on the best mode of transportation.
• Prepare your outfit and make sure all cleaning and adjustments are taken
care of beforehand.
• Get a haircut or a touch-up if necessary.

A DAY BEFORE
• Confirm your interview appointment with the company.
• Look over your résumé, as well as other documents that you have submitted.
• Be well-prepared for weather disturbances by checking weather updates.
• Make sure your nails are neat and cut.
• Set out your outfit and ensure that your clothes are clean and pressed.
Make sure that your shoes are also polished.
• Prepare the things you plan to bring.
• Relax and see to it that you are well-rested. Don’t stay out late nor go
drinking.
• Set your alarm for the next day. Try to give yourself lead time in the morning,
so you won’t panic.

44
THE BIG DAY
• Eat a good breakfast, but remember not to overeat. Also, try to avoid food
that might upset your stomach or give you bad breath.
• Stay calm and focused, and do not panic.
• Be at the interview venue before your call time and check in with the
receptionist.
• Take a few minutes to freshen up and compose yourself in the washroom
before your interview.
• Turn off your mobile phone and pocket your watch. If your phone is in silent
mode, make sure that the vibrate setting is turned off.
• At the end of the interview, know what your next should be and take note
of the important details.
• Assess yourself and take down what you need to improve on.
• Thank your interviewer within 48 hours.

JOB INTERVIEW CHECKLIST

Before heading out the door, make sure that you bring these items to your
interview. Place a ✓ on the ☐ beside each item on the list!

PERSONAL
☐☐ Cellphone (have the interviewer/company’s phone number ready at all
times)
☐☐ Breath mints
☐☐ Brush or comb
☐☐ Handkerchief and/or tissue
☐☐ Mirror
☐☐ Cash for parking and emergencies

PROFESSIONAL
☐☐ Professional binder/portfolio (your résumé should fit without being folded)
☐☐ Five or more copies of your résumé in quality paper
☐☐ References and other documents you may need (e.g. identification)
☐☐ Two working pens
☐☐ Clean pad of paper or notebook (take note of the questions you have for
your interviewer)
☐☐ Calculator – for case interviews

JUST IN CASE
☐☐ Extra pair of pantyhose for ladies
☐☐ Extra shirt
☐☐ Umbrella

45
PART IV:
RESOLUTION

46
APPRECIATION
LETTER
Walking out of the room after a job interview does not mark the end of an
applicant’s work. A crucial step should not be forgotten by anyone aiming to
land a certain position in a company: sending in a letter of appreciation to your
interviewer. Following an interview, a good-mannered individual (such as you)
would promptly thank the interviewer through a note.

Sent not later than two days after an interview, a letter of appreciation expresses
one’s gratitude towards the employer’s interest to hire him or her. It also aims
to reinforce one’s qualifications to fill in the position, though caution must be
exercised so as not to be redundant with points already mentioned during the
actual interview. Only the highlights of your dialogue with the interviewer should
be included, reminding the interviewer of why the interviewee is the best person
to occupy the vacancy.

Though handwritten letters may be seen as more personal and printed hard
copies are more formal, experts deem that it is through e-mail in which this letter
is best sent. Importantly, they should be sent during business hours, signaling
professionalism.

47
Like almost any matter dealt with in a workplace, your greeting should be
professional in tone. The receiver should be addressed properly (e.g. Mr., Ms.,
etc.). To start off, your introduction should be able to grab your interviewer’s
attention. Compliments toward the reader, such as remarks regarding the
pleasant and warm environment they have provided during the interview, may be
an effective tool in this area.

As mentioned, a professional tone must be kept up. Careful word choice is

essential. Lingos, slang and offensive language should not be used. Also, being
direct to the point is considered fundamental. You should only remind the
employer of the things discussed in the interview. Repeating and elaborating on
them may bore your interviewer, and that is something that should definitely be
avoided.

Hiring managers interview a number of hopefuls in a day; therefore, it should be

your goal to stand out among the rest and be remembered. A helpful trick would
b dropping in some specific reference (e.g. background, interest, etc.) that will
boost recall unto the interviewer.

Lastly, a closing paragraph should be made to summarize the letter’s content.

You may subtly and respectfully tap on the employer’s professionalism so as to
remind him or her of informing you of the choice made by the company within a
certain period of time.

The interviewer may have likely informed all candidates of when he or she would
be ready to give the decision. If not, you may use the letter to ask for a specific
date or a time range as to when to expect the decision. Should you receive no
reply to the e-mail, a polite inquiry (an e-mail or a phone call) may be made which
would also indicate your interest in the said job position.

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 ACCEPTING AND
REJECTING
Got a job offer? Great! However, no matter how thrilling it may be to actually have
the chance to finally be employed, you shouldn’t rashly give a response without
thinking things through. Keep in mind that this step is a crucial indicator in the
career path you will take.

What should be considered in accepting or rejecting a job offer? Well, if the

position meets the criteria you’ve laid out for yourself in the ideal job description
you have in mind and the company allows you to factor-in your needs, then you
might as well give it a go! In cases where there are some points (e.g. salary, work
description, etc.) which you would like to discuss further with your employer, a
negotiation must be initiated between you and the company.

Once you’ve decided to accept an offer, you must notify the company regarding
your intent to work with them. Before you send in a formal acceptance letter, give
the hiring manager a call to express your gratitude and inform him or her of your
decision.

“Hi, Ms. Annie, this is Juan Dela Cruz and I am calling to formally accept my
offer to join Biotech Imperial Systems. I have signed and e-mailed my offer
letter and you can expect to receive it within the week. Is there anything
else I need to do to help you move the process along at this point?”

49
If a call cannot be made, a voice mail would suffice. After this, you may now send
in the e-mail of acceptance. Start off by thanking the company once again and
reiterate that you’re taking the job offer considering that you agree with all the
terms of employment and salary. Assure them that you will abide by all the pre-
employment requirements on time, and end the letter with a sense of gratitude
and a promise of quality service.

On the other hand, if you choose to decline a job offer, it is only right that you
inform the employer immediately. The key in this situation is to be brief and
straightforward about your side. There is no need to go around the bush by
explaining the agony of having to choose or the benefits of the other offer you’ve
taken.

“After careful consideration, I’ve decided to accept a position at another

company.”

“While this position seems like a great opportunity, I have decided to pursue
another role that will offer me more opportunities to pursue my interests in
marketing and social media.”

Of course, always start with words of gratitude then go directly to your point. A
phone call would be the most appropriate way of relaying this message. Tone
must be kept respectful and all questions made by the hiring manager must be
answered despite the uneasiness they might cause you. Lastly, do a follow-up
with an e-mail as a sign of responsibility and professionalism.

Would it be alright to turn down a proposal once it has already been accepted?
Although this would put you in a very compromising scenario, the best method to
deal with it is, again, to be direct. Be firm with your decision despite the negotiation
the employer may engage you in, but exercise caution and show politeness at all
times. Again, an e-mail should be sent to seal everything.

“Unfortunately, after giving a great deal of thought to this career opportunity,

I have decided that it is in my best interest, as well as the company’s, to
turn down your job offer. I have recently decided to accept another position
that I believe is a better fit for my abilities and skill set.

I am so sorry for any inconvenience my decision may cause. I continue to

be impressed with [company name] in the [certain field], and particularly
with the great work you have done as [receiver’s position in the company].”

50
SALARY AND BENEFITS
Your salary and benefits are your employer’s way of compensating you for your
work. The value of a certain position is normally defined by these two things.
That said, you and your employer may have different ideas about how much
you actually deserve to get for your services. Because of this, knowing how to
negotiate for your salary and benefits is an important skill you need to have when
looking for a job. Aside from helping you get more out of your job offer, it also
tells your employer how good you are at making deals, which is itself a useful
skill in the workplace, especially for jobs that require a lot of correspondence
with clients. Here are some tips that can help you get a more fair compensation:

SHOW THE RIGHT AMOUNT OF INTEREST

It’s important to show that you want the position, although how much you appear
to want it may factor into your negotiation. If you seem too eager, you might give
off the impression that you are willing to do the job for less compensation. If you
seem too indifferent, your employer might not accept you for the position. Try to
find the amount of enthusiasm that shows that you are excited about the prospect
of getting the job, but only with fair compensation.

DO YOUR RESEARCH
The best way to evaluate whether you’re getting a fair salary or not is to know
what a fair salary is. Find out the average figures for a person of your qualifications
in your industry, age bracket, and geographical area. If the job will require you to
relocate, figure out the associated costs, like living arrangements or commuting
costs. Aim to come to your interview with a good idea of how much you should
be getting for the position you’re applying to.

51
ASK QUESTIONS
Always remember to ask if your compensation package is negotiable before
trying to negotiate. If you are told that it isn’t, don’t push the issue too hard. If it
is negotiable, then ask the interviewer more questions to get a better idea about
your salary and benefits. How is the position funded? What kind of coverage do
the benefits have? Is there a sign-in bonus? Vacation time? When will the first
performance evaluation take place? Try to get a complete idea of their offer to
you before you attempt to change the terms. These are all fair questions to ask,
and your employers should have no issues with answering them.

GET IT IN WRITING
Lastly, make sure that you are given a written summary of the offer made to you.
If you manage to negotiate any changes, be sure that the record is also changed
to reflect this. Unfortunately, you will encounter some dishonest employers. A
written copy of your offer ensures protects you from this kind of foul play and also
lets you consider accepting the job offer more carefully.

52
LEGAL DOCUMENTS
Most companies require their employees to present a couple of legal documents
so that they’ll be able to verify the information that you have given through
your resume and interview. The following pages will list a couple of the usual
legal documents that will be asked of you and some descriptions as to how
to acquire them. Try to familiarize yourself with the steps so that when you
go to the government office itself, you won’t be so lost. Also, take note that
some government offices or branches may implement slight variations in their
procedures so it is best to also call the office that you plan to visit.

SOCIAL SECURITY (SS) NUMBER

The Social Security System (SSS) is an agency that provides

insurance for employed Filipinos. When you have an SS number,
WHAT
you can avail of salary and calamity loans. Upon retirement from
work, you can avail of retirement benefits as well.
1. Two (2) valid IDs (see article on List of Valid IDs)
PRIOR 2. Accomplished SSS Form-E1
REQUIREMENTS 3. 13-Digit SS ID of your employer (you may ask your HR manager
for it)
FEE N/A
SSS outlet nearest or most convenient for you. Some malls may
WHERE
have centers that process SSS applications as well.
1. The application form will require you to provide the 13-Digit SS
number of your employer so make sure you know this number
before filling-up the application form.
2. Download and fill-up completely the SSS Form-E1. You may
access the form through this link: https://www.sss.gov.ph/sss/
DownloadContent?fileName=SSSForms_Personal_Record.pdf
3. Acquire two (2) valid IDs. Make sure that the ID is still valid for
the time period that you will be applying for your SSS number.
PROCEDURE 4. Bring your form and IDs to the nearest SSS outlet nearest or
most convenient for you. Proceed to the window that processes
new applications. Submit your form and IDs to the issuing
officer present.
5. Wait for the issuing officer to process your application. This
may take a while depending on the number of people applying.
6. After waiting, the issuing officer will provide you with a copy of
your E1 form. This form will have your SSS number on it. Make
sure to keep this form for future reference.

53
NATIONAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION (NBI) CLEARANCE

It provides your employer with a government-issued background

WHAT check on you. It also serves as your proof for not having any criminal
case in your record.
1. One (1) valid ID (see article on List of Valid IDs)
PRIOR 2. Completely filled-out NBI Clearance Application Online Form
REQUIREMENTS which can be accessed at https://www.nbi-clearance.com/.
3. Application Fee
Php 115.00 (NBI Clearance application fee)
FEE
Php 20.00 – 50.00 (service fee when paying outside an NBI Office)
WHERE City or Barangay Halls nearest or most convenient for you
1. Acquire two (2) valid IDs from the list above. Make sure that each
ID is still valid for the time period that you will be applying for
your NBI Clearance.
2. Access the online NBI Clearance application form through the
link: https://www.nbi-clearance.com/. If you will be applying for
the first time, select the NEW option on the Application Type
dropdown list after clicking the SIGN-UP button; otherwise,
choose the RENEW option.
3. Fill-up the form with all the necessary information. When you
input your password, make sure that you memorize it. The form
will also ask you to enter a valid email address so make sure that
what you input into this field is your most current email address.
Tick the I ACCEPT TERMS OF SERVICE button and click on the
Sign In button to proceed.
4. Once you click the Sign In button, you will be redirected to a
page requesting for more personal information. Make sure to
provide all the information necessary in accomplishing the form.
When you are done filling up the form, confirm and save your
application.
PROCEDURE 5. Once you save all your information, schedule an appointment
at the NBI Office of your choosing. Also, decide on a payment
method most convenient for you (Bank, Mobile, Bayad Centers).
Remember, an additional fee will be charged for your application
if you choose to pay outside the NBI Office that you are applying
for. If you don’t want an extra charge on your application,
proceed to the NBI Office and fill-up an application form there.
6. Check your email for further instructions on how to go about
paying for the application fee as well as confirming the payment.
This step varies depending on the payment method that you
choose, but regardless of the method, the site will email you an
easy list of instructions to follow.
7. Once your application is paid for and confirmed, you will receive
a reference code in the form of a QR code. Print this code out
and make sure that the QR code is clear and visible on the paper.
Bring this together with your two (2) valid IDs to the NBI Office
that you chose on your appointment date.
8. Once you’re in the NBI Office, proceed to the Online Applications
section and have your picture and biometrics taken. You
clearance will be given to you as soon as it’s printed.

54
COMMUNITY TAX CERTIFICATE (CTC)

Together with the NBI Clearance, the Community Tax Certificate is

one of the oldest and most widely acknowledged forms of national
WHAT identification here in the Philippines. You may need to get one
of these to be able to apply for other legal documents that your
employer may ask from you.
PRIOR One (1) valid ID (see article on List of Valid IDs) that indicates your
REQUIREMENTS permanent address or residence.
Php 5.00 (Basic Community Tax)
FEE Php 1.00 (for every Php 1,000.00 of income but not to exceed Php
5,000.00)
WHERE City or Barangay Hall in the jurisdiction of your permanent address
1. Acquire one (1) valid ID. Make sure that the ID is still valid for
the time period that you will be applying for your CTC. Also,
the ID you will present must also indicate the address of your
permanent residence.
2. Proceed to the City or Barangay Hall that has jurisdiction in your
permanent residence. Approach the officer that issues the CTC.
3. Present your valid ID. You will be given a form to fill-up. In filling-
PROCEDURE up the form, make sure that all information is correct.
4. Once your form is filled-up, submit it to the issuing officer and
pay your designated community tax (this varies depending on
your income; however, the basic community tax is marked at Php
5.00).
5. Wait for the issuing officer to give you your CTC. Once it is in
your possession, affix your signature and thumbprint on the
designated areas in the CTC.

PHILHEALTH INSURANCE

The Philippine Health Insurance Corporation is an agency that

provides health coverage for the Philippines. By applying for
membership, you can avail of the health insurance and even include
WHAT
your parents or siblings as dependents so they can also receive
health insurance. In the future, you can update your membership to
include your spouse and children.
1. One (1) valid ID (see article on List of Valid IDs). If you will be
indicating dependents in your application form, borrow a valid
PRIOR
ID from each of them.
REQUIREMENTS
2. Recent 1×1 ID picture of yourself

55
 Php 200.00 – 875.00*

FEE *Your PhilHealth contribution fee is dependent on your monthly

income. To view more accurate fees, access this link: http://www.
philhealth.gov.ph/partners/employers/contri_tbl.html
Local Health Insurance Offices or PhilHealth Express outlets
WHERE
nearest or most convenient for you
1. Acquire one (1) valid ID. Make sure that the ID is still valid for the
time period that you will be applying for your Philhealth. If you
will be including dependents in your membership application,
bring a valid ID from each dependent.
2. Local Health Insurance Offices or PhilHealth Express outlets
nearest or most convenient for you.
3. You will be given a form to fill-up upon inquiring for membership.
In filling-up the form, make sure that all information is correct.
4. Once your form is filled-up, submit it to the issuing officer
together with your valid ID and the valid IDs of your dependents
should you have any in your membership form.
5. Wait for the issuing officer to give you your PhilHealth card. Once
you receive it, affix your signature and 1×1 ID picture on the card.
6. Proceed to the collection window to pay your initial contribution.

As you pay, you will be asked to choose the schedule in which you
pay your future contributions. The schedule of contributions is as
follows:
PROCEDURE
Quarterly Semi-annual Annual
Pay until the last Pay until the last Pay until the last
working day of each working day of the working day of the
quarter of the year first quarter of the first quarter of the
being paid for. semester being paid year being paid
for. for.
Example Example Example
Period: January to Period: January to Period: January to
March June December
Payment Deadline: Deadline: March 31 Deadline: March 31
March 31

7. Make sure to keep your PhilHealth ID and membership number

indicated on the card). As soon as you are a member, you can
present it in any medical facility or hospital that credits PhilHeath
insurance.

56
LIST OF VALID IDS IN THE PHILIPPINES

• Philippine Passport • Community Tax Certificate

• Driver’s License • Taxpayer Identification Number
• Professional Regulation (TIN) Card
Commission (PRC) ID • Senior Citizen’s Card
• National Bureau of Investigation • Philippine Overseas Employment
(NBI) Clearance Association (POEA) Card
• Police Clearance • Consular Card
• Postal ID • Philippine Retirement Authority
• Voter’s ID (PRA) Special Resident Retiree Visa
• Barangay Certification • National Council for the Welfare
• Government Service Insurance of Disabled Persons (NCWDP)
System (GSIS) ID Certification
• Social Security System (SSS) Card • Department of Social Welfare and
• Diplomat ID Development (DSWD) Certification
• Overseas Workers Welfare • Bureau of Internal Revenue (BIR)
Administration (OWWA) ID Taxpayer’s ID
• Overseas Filipino Worker (OFW) ID • Firearms License
• Seaman’s Book • Philippine Leisure and Retirement
• Alien Certificate of Registration Authority (PLRA) ID
(ACR) or Immigrant Certification of • Student’s ID
Registration • IDs issued by Government Offices
• PhilHealth Card and Agencies
• National Statistics Office (NSO) • Company IDs issued by private
Birth Certificate agencies
• Marriage Contract

57
FOR THE FIRST-TIME
EMPLOYEE
Your first day in your very first job can be both exciting and daunting at the same
time. It’ll be exciting since literally marks the first step of your career; however,
the daunting idea of being the new kid in school will definitely linger. In a sense,
it’s a lot like being that awkward new kid, except at work, you’re all adults that
definitely have more areas to be critical about. Here are a few tips on how to
adapt to in such situations:

IT’S COMPANY Learn about the policies that your office may have.
POLICY Do they have a dress code? What’s the rule for
attendance and tardiness? Can I check my Facebook
account during office hours? After learning the things
that you can and can’t do, make sure that you follow
them. If some policies aren’t clear to you or may be
conflicting with some of your religious beliefs or
cultural heritage, talk to your superior about it right
away.

MANNERS MATTER Regardless of whether you’ve been with your

officemates for 30 seconds or 30 years, being
courteous to them should be automatic for you. Greet
the person in the next office cubicle every now and
then; learn his or her name. Smile more often! Use
the words, “please,” and “thank you.”

INITIATIVE IS KEY Show your boss that you want to learn more about
the company by taking-up more responsibilities
(always within your limits, of course). Don’t wait for
your superiors to ask for volunteers for a certain
assignment. Ask about other things that you can help
out in. And if you are given an assignment, make
sure to do it to the best of your ability. Don’t make
promises you can’t deliver on.

58
CHANGE College and work are worlds apart. Though they do
IS COMING have some similarities, be sure to prepare yourself to
accept and adjust to certain changes. If you were the
type of student that liked to be noisy during class,
maybe you should start toning down your voice when
you’re in the office so as to not interrupt anyone
working.

NO EXCUSES Unless you absolutely have to, try to avoid making

way too many unnecessary excuses. Don’t just call-in
sick because you don’t feel like going to work on a
certain day. In addition to excuses, try not to whine
as much. You’re employed now and are expected
to act like an adult. Just stay committed to the work
assigned to you and you should be able to deliver
on the assigned deadlines without making palusot or
other unnecessary excuses.

TIME TO You’re only human; you’re gonna make mistakes

BE TOUGH once in a while. Though mistakes in the workplace do
happen, you will definitely be reprimanded for them.
As such, prepare to accept these said reprimands.
Always see scolding as an opportunity to evaluate
yourself and your performance. Rarely will you be
scolded for anything personal in the workplace so
taking things personally should be avoided. Do,
however, take things constructively. If you feel you
have been reprimanded for the wrong reasons,
approach your superior right away.

BUDGET. BUDGET! A steady source of income may induce you to

BUDGET! spontaneous shopping sprees or impromptu
getaways with your new officemates; however, keep
in mind that the same steady income can disappear
as quickly as you earn it. Yes, you can reward yourself
for a hard day’s worth of work but do so responsibly
and sparingly. Learn to keep track of your expenses.
Maybe allot some money for savings and insurance
for the future!

59
 HANDLING
REJECTION
When searching for jobs or internships, there is no guarantee of getting it right
from the start. More often than not, you’ll probably the word no more that yes in
a single day. There are tons of job applicants and only a single slot. The chances
are pretty slim. But notice how familiar this situation is? In UP, you don’t always
get the classes that you want. You often have to fight for a slot just so that you
could enroll. And standing outside a class, willing to beg a professor for a seat
inside doesn’t even guarantee a slot. Rejection is a common occurrence, but it is
one that you will be able to conquer!

It is important to always think objectively; do not take job rejections personally.

It is not an attack of your self-worth. Job applications and interviews aren’t even
a measure of professional worth. Getting rejected doesn’t mean you’re not good
enough. Sometimes, you’re just not the right person for the job. And that’s okay
because somewhere out there is a job that’s right for you.

In job searching, you set up a plan for yourself. If that plan doesn’t work, then
have backups in hand. Do not wallow in depression. Nothing good will come out
of it. Humbly accept the rejection and move on to your next plan. It doesn’t sit well
to single out one specific job and pine over it, no matter how perfect it may seem.
Plans have a tendency to not fall perfectly into place. We are constantly evolving,
and the best plan at the time might not be the right plan in the long run.

60
Keep a positive mind, but stay realistic. You won’t always get the job a week into
the hunt. Sometimes, it could even take months. That could be too much for a
person to handle so make sure you have friends and family there to emotionally
support you. Talking to other applicants may help you realize that you are not
alone, that you are not the only one struggling. Don’t beat yourself up. Instead,
take pride in the small victories. It helps to boost morale and keep that depressing
cloud from hanging over your head.

Look at the silver lining and learn from each failed attempt. It’s best to ask
for feedback post-interview, and accept it with an open mind. Look over the
technicalities and see where you can improve. The interview itself could also
have been the problem. Interviews are a very stressful matter. Sometimes, the
most outstanding applicants can be reduced to blubbering nervous wrecks.
Difficulty to communicate thoughts in a clear and organized manner can cost
an applicant the job. Don’t overthink or else you’ll set yourself up for failure. Try
to calm down and take deep steady breaths before answering. Using the STAR
technique might help. When asked about an experience, give a specific situation,
the task that you had to do, the action that you took, and the result.

Remember that it’s okay to fail as long as you take action to recover from it. A
streak of rejections might eventually lead to the perfect job for you. Just have the
right mentality and stay focused on your goal.

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62