Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
PROJECT REPORT
“POVERTY”
SUBMITTED TO:
Mr. Shoaib Malik
SUBMITTED BY:
Aqsa Khalid
Moonam Arshad
Sadaf Noor
Sheikh Waqas
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Introduction
…………………………………………………………………….. 4
Background ………………………………….
………………………………….. 4
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Causes of poverty
……………………………………………………………. 4
Health and education
……………………………………………… 5
Political instability
…………………………………………………… 5
Economic
concerns…………………………………………............6
WEALTH DISTRIBUTION IN PAKISTAN
Effects of Poverty
……………………………………………………………… 6
Health
………………………………………………………………………
6
Education
…………………………………………………………………… 6
Violence
……………………………………………………………………
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INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
Economically, Pakistan was a very poor and predominantly agricultural country at
the time of its independence in 1947 from British South Asia. During its first four
decades, Pakistan's economic growth rate was better than the global average.
Historically, Pakistan's overall economic output (GDP) has grown every year
since a 1951 recession. Despite this record of sustained growth, Pakistan's
economy had, until a few years ago, been characterized as unstable and highly
vulnerable to external and internal shocks.
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The unwillingness of Pakistani government to give full-
fledged property rights of land to their tenants is cited as the
chief obstacle to development. This lack of economic
freedom inhibits entrepreneurship among the poor.
New enterprises and foreign investment can be driven away
by the results of inefficient institutions, notably
CORRUPTION, weak rule of law and excessive bureaucratic
burdens.
Costly barriers favor big firms at the expense of small
enterprises, where most jobs are created.
Lack of opportunities can further be caused by the failure of
government to provide essential infrastructure..
Opportunities in richer countries drive talent away, leading
to brain drains
Law and order situation in the country, fight over rule among
the political leaders, rich becoming richer and poor
becoming poorer
ECONOMIC CONCERNS
INFLATION
Similarly due to price instability, prices of goods and services
rise that causes INFLATION in the economy and which is
currently the situation in our country. Prices of petrol, cng
and other commodities are raising everyday unconditionally.
Due to increased price levels the poor can hardly afford what
they previously could afford.
BUSINESS CYCLES
Shocks in the business cycle affect poverty rates, increasing
in recessions and declining in booms.(ADD A DIAGRAM)
UNEMPLOYMENT
High levels of unemployment are a key factor affecting poverty.
As people don’t find jobs, it is harder to run their families, thus
they are deprived of the basic necessities and luxuries of life.
Younger generation who are willing but unable to find jobs get
frustrated which results in negativity and they indulge in crime
activities
CULTURAL FACTORS
SOCIAL CONCERNS
GENDER RIGHTS AND OVER POPULATION IN PAKISTAN
Environmental Issues
Feudalism
The rise of poverty in the country has been correlated with the rise of Islamic
Fundamentalism in many parts of the country.Madrassa education is offered on
the pretext that they provide better education than the other schools. They study in
a religious environment that has been radicalized by the world-sponsored
exposure of the "Holy Jihad" in Afghanistan.
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EFFECTS OF POVERTY
HEALTH
VIOLENCE
Areas strongly affected by poverty tend to be more violent. In
one survey, 67% of children from disadvantaged inner
cities said they had witnessed a serious assault, and 33%
reported witnessing a homicide. MANY have been found to
be victims of violence, compared to 32% in Washington,
DC (mean income for a household: $40,127).
DEPRESSION
Poverty affects people’s lives on all levels; bumping into the issue of lack of
money is incredibly stressful and grinds people down. People with disabilities are
more likely to be poor and more likely to suffer from depression. Lastly, we live
in a culture where success is measured by how much we earn. People with low
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income are automatically assumed to be unsuccessful. This impacts their self
esteem.
Investments in human capital, in the form of health, are needed for economic growth.
Human capital, in the form of education, is an even more
important determinant of economic growth than physical
capital.
GOOD INSTITUTE
Funds from aid and natural resources are often diverted into
private hands and then sent to banks overseas as a result of
graft. If Western banks rejected stolen money, says a report
by Global Witness, ordinary people would benefit.
Supporting higher growth and greater stability of income and employment in rural
areas by focusing on
• Getting the policy and institutional framework right;
• Increasing agriculture productivity and diversification by moving to
market-based agricultural prices, and expanding the role of the private
sector in storage and agriculture support services;
• Increasing non-farm employment opportunities by developing
agribusiness for exports.
• Promoting rural-urban linkages by improving communications, particularly
rural roads;
• Expanding rural economic infrastructure, especially for irrigation,
drainage, and water resource conservation and management;
• Promoting financial intermediation, and enhancing access to credit in the
rural areas
• Investing in infrastructure in areas where incidence of poverty is high,.
• Liberalization in the international textile trade has already yielded
benefits for Pakistan's exports, and the country also expects to profit
from freer trade in agriculture.
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CONCLUSION
There is considerable poverty in many parts of the world.
Considering the fast growing cities of Pakistan, given the fact
that government is totally absorbed, politically, in their power
struggle, and is financially impotent, due to vast outlays for debt
servicing, defense and "law and order" and a tendency to ad-
holism, it is evident that people presiding inside the country are
suffering and will continue to suffer as it seems so. Pakistan has
the benefit of substantial financial funds in the hands of their
citizens inside and outside the country, plus the technical skills,
organizational know-how, international experience and
connections, non-governmental aid and several others measures
which could help in improving the nation’s condition and saving
the future of thousands of individuals by bringing peace and
harmony.
REFERENCES
1. 1: http://www.thenews.com.pk/print1.asp?id=100155
2. 2: http://changepk.com/2009/10/06/causes-of-poverty-in-
pakistan/
3. 3: Www.google.com
4. 4: http://www.iucn.org/places/pakistan/poverty/poverty.htm
5. http://www.experiencefestival.com/a/Economy_of_Pakistan_-
_Economic_History/id/5009125
6. http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/youropinions.php?
opinionid=7555
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