LIMITES

𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥
1. lim =1 N° NO INDETERMINADOS
𝑥→0 𝑥

𝑥 1. 𝑎∞ = ∞, 𝑎 > 1
2. lim =1
𝑥→0 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥 2. 𝑎∞ = 0, 0 < 𝑎 < 1
3. ∞𝑎 = ∞, 𝑎 > 0
𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑘𝑥
3. lim
𝑘𝑥
=1 4. ∞𝑎 = 0, 𝑎 < 0
𝑥→0
5. ∞±∞=∞
𝑡𝑔𝑥 6. 𝑎+∞=∞+𝑎 =∞
4. lim =1
𝑥→0 𝑥 7. 𝑎 − ∞ = −∞ + 𝑎 = −∞
8. 𝑎. (±∞) = ±∞. 𝑎 = ±∞, 𝑎 ∈
𝑥
5. lim =1 (0, +∞)
𝑥→0 𝑡𝑔𝑥
9. 𝑎. (±∞) = ±∞. 𝑎 = ∓∞, 𝑎 ∈
𝑡𝑔𝑘𝑥 (−∞, 0)
6. lim =1
𝑥→0 𝑘𝑥 10. ∞∞ = ∞
11. ∞−∞ = 0
1−𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥
7. lim = 0
𝑥→0 𝑥
𝑎
12. = 0, 𝑎 ∈ 𝑅
±∞
1−𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 1
8. lim =
𝑥→0 𝑥2 2
±∞
13. = ±∞, 𝑎 ∈ 𝑅+
𝑎
𝑎𝑟𝑐𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥
9. lim =1
𝑥→0 𝑥
±∞
14. = ∓∞, 𝑎 ∈ 𝑅−
𝑎
𝑎𝑟𝑐𝑡𝑔𝑥
10. lim =1
𝑥→0 𝑥
𝑎
15. =∞
0
11. lim log 𝑓(𝑥) = log lim 𝑓(𝑥) 16. log 0 = ∞
𝑥→𝑐 𝑥→𝑐
17. log 1 = 0
1 1 18. log ∞ = ∞
12. lim(1 + 𝑥)𝑥 = lim (1 + )𝑥 = 𝑒
𝑥→0 𝑥→∞ 𝑥

DERIVADAS
𝑒 𝑥 −1 𝑑
13. lim =1 1. (𝑐) = 0
𝑥→0 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑
2. (𝑥) = 1
𝑑𝑥
𝑎𝑥 −1 𝑑
14. lim = ln a 3. (𝑢 ± 𝑣 ) = 𝑢′ ± 𝑣′
𝑥→0 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑
4. (𝑢. 𝑣 ) = 𝑢′𝑣 ± 𝑢𝑣′
ln 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
15. lim =0 𝑑
𝑥→∞ 𝑥 5. (𝑐𝑢) = 𝑐𝑢′
𝑑𝑥
𝑑 𝑢 𝑢′ 𝑣−𝑢𝑣 ′
𝑎 6. ( )=
16. lim =0 𝑑𝑥 𝑣 𝑣2
𝑥→∞ ln 𝑥 𝑑
7. (𝑢𝑛 ) = 𝑛. 𝑢𝑛−1 . 𝑢′
𝑑𝑥
 𝑑
8. (𝑎𝑢 ) = 𝑎𝑢 . 𝑢′ . ln 𝑎 10. |𝑎| = |𝑏| ↔ 𝑎 = 𝑏 v 𝑎 = −𝑏
𝑑𝑥
𝑑 11. |𝑎| = 𝑏 ↔ (𝑏 ≥ 0) ^ (𝑎 = 𝑏 v 𝑎 =
9. (𝑒 𝑢 ) = 𝑒 𝑢 . 𝑢 ′
𝑑𝑥 −𝑏)
𝑑 𝑢′
10. (ln 𝑢) = 12. |𝑎| < 𝑏 ↔ 𝑏 > 0 ^ (−b < a < 𝑏)
𝑑𝑥 𝑢
𝑑 𝑢′ 13. |𝑎| > 𝑏 ↔ 𝑎 > 𝑏 v 𝑎 < −𝑏
11. (log 𝑎 𝑢) = log 𝑎 𝑒
𝑑𝑥 𝑢 14. |𝑎| ≤ 𝑏 ↔ 𝑏 ≥ 0 ^ (−𝑏 ≤ 𝑎 ≤ 𝑏)
𝑑 𝑢 ′
12. (|𝑢|) = 𝑢 , 𝑢 ≠ 0 15. |𝑎| ≥ 𝑏 ↔ (𝑎 ≥ 𝑏) v (𝑎 ≤ −𝑏)
𝑑𝑥 |𝑢|
𝑑 𝑢′
13. (√𝑢) =
𝑑𝑥 2√𝑢 INTEGRALES INDETERMINADAS
𝑑 ′
14. (𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑢) = 𝑢 . 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑢 1. ∫ 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥 + 𝑐
𝑑𝑥
𝑑 𝑢𝑛+1
15. (𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑢) = −𝑢′ . 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑢 2. ∫ 𝑢𝑛 𝑑𝑢 = + 𝑐 , 𝑛 ≠ −1
𝑑𝑥 𝑛+1
𝑑
16. (𝑡𝑔𝑢) = 𝑢′ . 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑢 3. ∫
𝑑𝑢
= ln|𝑢| + 𝑐
𝑑𝑥
𝑑
𝑑
17. (𝑐𝑡𝑔𝑢) = −𝑢′ . 𝑐𝑠𝑐 2 𝑢 𝑎𝑢
𝑑𝑥 4. ∫ 𝑎𝑢 𝑑𝑢 = +𝑐
𝑑 ln 𝑎
18. (𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑢 ) = 𝑢′ . 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑢. 𝑡𝑔𝑢
𝑑𝑥 5. ∫ 𝑒 𝑢 𝑑𝑢 = 𝑒 𝑢 + 𝑐
𝑑
19. (𝑐𝑠𝑐𝑢 ) = −𝑢′ . 𝑐𝑠𝑐𝑢. 𝑐𝑡𝑔𝑢 6. ∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑢 . 𝑑𝑢 = −𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑢 + 𝑐
𝑑𝑥
𝑑 𝑢′ 7. ∫ 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑢 . 𝑑𝑢 = 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑢 + 𝑐
20. (𝑎𝑟𝑐𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑢) =
𝑑𝑥 √1−𝑢2
𝑑 −𝑢′
8. ∫ 𝑡𝑔𝑢 . 𝑑𝑢 = − ln|𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑢| + 𝑐
21. (𝑎𝑟𝑐𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑢 ) = 9. ∫ 𝑐𝑡𝑔𝑢 . 𝑑𝑢 = ln|𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑢| + 𝑐
𝑑𝑥 √1−𝑢2
𝑑 𝑢′ 10. ∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑢 . 𝑑𝑢 = ln|𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑢 + 𝑡𝑔𝑢| + 𝑐
22. (𝑎𝑟𝑐𝑡𝑔𝑢) =
𝑑𝑥 1+𝑢2
𝑑 −𝑢′ 11. ∫ 𝑐𝑠𝑐𝑢 . 𝑑𝑢 = − ln|𝑐𝑠𝑐𝑢 +
23. (𝑎𝑟𝑐𝑐𝑡𝑔𝑢) =
𝑑𝑥 1+𝑢2 𝑐𝑡𝑔𝑢| + 𝑐
𝑑 𝑢′
24. (𝑎𝑟𝑐𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑢 ) = 𝑢 𝑠𝑒𝑛2𝑢
𝑑𝑥 𝑢√𝑢2 −1 12. ∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑛2 𝑢𝑑𝑢 = − +𝑐
2 4
𝑑 −𝑢′ 𝑢 𝑠𝑒𝑛2𝑢
25. (𝑎𝑟𝑐𝑐𝑠𝑐𝑢) = 13. ∫ 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝑢𝑑𝑢 = + +𝑐
𝑑𝑥 𝑢√𝑢2 −1 2 4
14. ∫ 𝑡𝑔2 𝑢𝑑𝑢 = 𝑡𝑔𝑢 − 𝑢 + 𝑐
VALOR ABSOLUTO
15. ∫ 𝑐𝑡𝑔2 𝑢𝑑𝑢 = −𝑐𝑡𝑔𝑢 − 𝑢 + 𝑐
−𝑎 𝑠𝑖 𝑎 < 0 16. ∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑢𝑑𝑢 = 𝑡𝑔𝑢 + 𝑐
|𝑢| = { }
𝑎 𝑠𝑖 𝑎 ≥ 0
17. ∫ 𝑐𝑠𝑐 2 𝑢𝑑𝑢 = −𝑐𝑡𝑔𝑢 + 𝑐
1. |𝑎|2 = 𝑎2 18. ∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑢 . 𝑡𝑔𝑢 . 𝑑𝑢 = 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑢 + 𝑐
2. |𝑎| = √𝑎2 19. ∫ 𝑐𝑠𝑐𝑢 . 𝑐𝑡𝑔𝑢 . 𝑑𝑢 = −𝑐𝑠𝑐𝑢 + 𝑐
3. |𝑎| = |−𝑎| 𝑑𝑢 𝑢
20. ∫ = 𝑎𝑟𝑐𝑠𝑒𝑛 + 𝑐
4. |𝑎. 𝑏| = |𝑎|. |𝑏| √𝑎2 −𝑢2 𝑎
𝑑𝑢
𝑎 |𝑎|
5. | | = |𝑏| , 𝑠𝑖 𝑏 ≠ 0 21. ∫ = ln|𝑢 + √𝑎2 + 𝑢2 | + 𝑐
𝑏 √𝑎2 +𝑢2
𝑑𝑢
6. |𝑎 + 𝑏| ≤ |𝑎| + |𝑏| 22. ∫ = ln|𝑢 + √𝑢2 − 𝑎2 | + 𝑐
√𝑢2 −𝑎2
7. |𝑎 − 𝑏| ≥ |𝑎| − |𝑏| 𝑑𝑢 1 𝑢
23. ∫ = 𝑎𝑟𝑐𝑡𝑔 + 𝑐
8. |𝑎 − 𝑏| ≤ |𝑎| + |𝑏| 𝑎2 +𝑢2 𝑎 𝑎
𝑑𝑢 1 𝑢+𝑎
9. |𝑎 − 𝑏| = |𝑏 − 𝑎| 24. ∫ = ln | |+𝑐
𝑢2 −𝑎2 2𝑎 𝑢−𝑎
 𝑑𝑢 1 |𝑢| 2𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥+1
25. ∫ = 𝑎𝑟𝑐𝑠𝑒𝑐 +𝑐 21. 𝑡𝑔3𝑥 = 𝑡𝑔𝑥( )
𝑢√𝑢2 −𝑎2 𝑎 𝑎 2𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥−1
𝑢
26. ∫ √𝑎2 − 𝑢2 𝑑𝑢 = √𝑎2 − 𝑢2 + 22. 𝑠𝑒𝑛 = ±√
𝑥 1−𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥
2
2 2
𝑎2 𝑢
𝑎𝑟𝑐𝑠𝑒𝑛 + 𝑐 𝑥 1+𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥
2 𝑎
𝑢 23. 𝑐𝑜𝑠 = ±√
27. ∫ √𝑢2 − 𝑎2 𝑑𝑢 = √𝑢2 − 𝑎2 − 2 2
2
𝑎2 𝑥 1−𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥
ln|𝑢 + √𝑢2 − 𝑎2 | + 𝑐 24. 𝑡𝑔 = ±√
2 2 1+𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥
𝑢 3𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥−𝑠𝑒𝑛3𝑥
28. ∫ √𝑎2 + 𝑢2 𝑑𝑢 = √𝑎2 + 𝑢2 + 25. 𝑠𝑒𝑛3 𝑥 =
2 4
𝑎2 3−4𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥+𝑐𝑜𝑠4𝑥
ln|𝑢 + √𝑎2 + 𝑢2 | + 𝑐 26. 𝑠𝑒𝑛4 𝑥 =
2 8
𝑎+𝑏 𝑎−𝑏
27. 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑎 + 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑏 = 2𝑠𝑒𝑛 𝑐𝑜𝑠
2 2
FUNCIONES TRIGONOMETRICAS 𝑎+𝑏 𝑎−𝑏
28. 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑎 − 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑏 = 2𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑠𝑒𝑛
2 2
2 2 𝑎+𝑏 𝑎−𝑏
1. 𝑠𝑒𝑛 𝑥 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥 = 1 29. 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑎 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑏 = 2𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑐𝑜𝑠
1− 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥 2 2
2
2. 𝑠𝑒𝑛 𝑥 = 𝑎+𝑏 𝑎−𝑏
2 30. 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑎 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑏 = −2𝑠𝑒𝑛 𝑠𝑒𝑛
2 1+ 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥 2 2
3. 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥 = 1
2 31. 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑎 . 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑏 = 𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑎 + 𝑏) +
4. 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑥 = 𝑡𝑔2 𝑥 + 1 2
1
5. 𝑐𝑠𝑐 2 𝑥 = 𝑐𝑡𝑔2 𝑥 + 1 𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑎 − 𝑏)
2
6. 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥 . 𝑐𝑠𝑐𝑥 = 1 1
32. 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑎 . 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑏 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑎 − 𝑏) −
7. 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 . 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑥 = 1 2
1
8. 𝑡𝑔𝑥 . 𝑐𝑡𝑔𝑥 = 1 𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑎 + 𝑏)
2
9. 𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑎 ± 𝑏) = 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑎 . 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑏 ± 1
33. 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑎 . 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑏 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑎 + 𝑏) +
𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑏 . 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑎 2
1
10. 𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑎 ± 𝑏) = 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑎 . 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑏 ∓ 𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑎 − 𝑏)
2
𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑎 . 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑏
𝑡𝑔𝑎 ± 𝑡𝑔𝑏
11. 𝑡𝑔(𝑎 ± 𝑏) = 1 ∓𝑡𝑔𝑎 . 𝑡𝑔𝑏
12. 𝑠𝑒𝑛2𝑥 = 2𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥 . 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥
13. 𝑠𝑒𝑛6𝑥 = 2𝑠𝑒𝑛3𝑥 . 𝑐𝑜𝑠3𝑥
𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝑥 − 𝑠𝑒𝑛2 𝑥
14. 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥 = { 1 − 2𝑠𝑒𝑛2 𝑥 }
2𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝑥 − 1
2𝑡𝑔𝑥
15. 𝑡𝑔2𝑥 = 2 1−𝑡𝑔 𝑥
16. 𝑠𝑒𝑛3𝑥 = 3𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥 − 4𝑠𝑒𝑛3 𝑥
17. 𝑠𝑒𝑛3𝑥 = 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥(2𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥 + 1)
18. 𝑐𝑜𝑠3𝑥 = 4𝑐𝑜𝑠 3 𝑥 − 3𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥
19. 𝑐𝑜𝑠3𝑥 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥(2𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥 − 1)
3𝑡𝑔𝑥−𝑡𝑔3 𝑥
20. 𝑡𝑔3𝑥 =
1−3𝑡𝑔2 𝑥