CE 190 Undergraduate Research

Final Presentation
December 15, 2016

Tracking Sources of Pollutants and Assessment of

Water Quality in Marikina River in Aid of Developing a
Water Quality Management Plan

Lipato, Glaiza Marie; Malenab, John Daniel

BS Civil Engineering
Environment and Energy Engineering Group, Institute of Civil Engineering

Adviser: Dr. Augustus C. Resurreccion

Co-adviser: Prof. Reygie Macasieb
 Tracking Sources of Pollutants and Assessment of Water Quality in
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Marikina River in Aid of Developing a Water Quality Management Plan

• Marikina River Basin has a total area of 69,826 hectares. Composed of two main
basins: (1) Upper Marikina Watershed Protected Landscape and (2) Lower
Marikina Watershed
• Length of Marikina River ≈ 31 km
• In 2004, the prevailing land use in the whole Marikina River Basin are arable and
cultivated land while there is a big amount of built-up area in the lower part of
the basin
• Marikina River is a tributary of Pasig River. Before it gets to Pasig River, it meets
the gates of Manggahan Floodway which diverts the water to Laguna de Bay to
prevent flooding in Metro Manila
• Marikina River is classified as Class C by the DENR.

ICE-EEEG Undergraduate Research Project Presentation | G.O. Lipato – J.D. Malenab 2

 Tracking Sources of Pollutants and Assessment of Water Quality in
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Marikina River in Aid of Developing a Water Quality Management Plan

Figure 1. Marikina River Basin

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 Tracking Sources of Pollutants and Assessment of Water Quality in
INTRODUCTION
RESEARCH QUESTIONS Marikina River in Aid of Developing a Water Quality Management Plan

• What method/s can be used to systematically identify point and non-point

pollution sources along the Marikina River?
• To what extent does the amount of pollution in the Marikina River affect the
lives of the people living within the river basin?
• How can the polluted Marikina River be remediated?
• How can the wastewater discharge coming from pollution sources be quantified?
• How will the output of the study (water quality management plan) be
implemented? Is it feasible?

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 Tracking Sources of Pollutants and Assessment of Water Quality in
INTRODUCTION
OBJECTIVES Marikina River in Aid of Developing a Water Quality Management Plan

• To trace pollution sources (point and non-point) along the Marikina River using a
GIS-based mapping software
• To quantify wastewater generated and discharged from various sampling points
(pollution sources) into the Marikina River
• To analyze different scenarios of rehabilitation through the GIS map
• To design a water quality management plan using the best rehabilitation scenario

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 Tracking Sources of Pollutants and Assessment of Water Quality in
INTRODUCTION
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY Marikina River in Aid of Developing a Water Quality Management Plan

• Rehabilitation of the polluted Marikina River could be easier if we control the

discharge of pollutants from the source.
• Identifying the point and non-point sources of pollution of Marikina River will
help the local government construct efficient policies to lessen the pollutant
discharge and eventually improve river water quality.
• Improving the quality of Marikina River might also lead to the improvement of
Pasig River as it is one of its biggest tributaries.
• With the fast-growing population of our country, we need more clean water
resources.

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 Tracking Sources of Pollutants and Assessment of Water Quality in
INTRODUCTION
SCOPE OF THE STUDY Marikina River in Aid of Developing a Water Quality Management Plan

SAN MATEO Population (2015)

Dulog Bayan 1 6,944
Ampid I 28,840
Ampid II 6,242
Banaba 24,950

QUEZON CITY Population (2015)

Bagong Silangan 88,299
Batasan Hills 161,409
Matandang Balara 71,022
Pansol 34,240
Libis 4,018
Bagumbayan 13,832

MARIKINA Population (2015)

Tañong 8,270
Jesus De La Peña 10,175
Barangka 18,504
Industrial Valley 15,995
Nangka 43,828
Tumana 43,239
Concepcion Uno 42,564
Malanday 55,442
Figure 2. Scope of the Study: Bagong Silangan, Quezon City to Manggahan, Pasig City Calumpang 14,857

PASIG Population (2015)

Santolan 53,254
Table 1. Scope of the Study: List of Minimum Barangays to be Covered Manggahan 93,976

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 Tracking Sources of Pollutants and Assessment of Water Quality in
INTRODUCTION
SCOPE OF THE STUDY Marikina River in Aid of Developing a Water Quality Management Plan

• The study is limited to the tracking of the sources of the pollutants and
quantifying the water discharges to the river.
• Modeling or simulation of the dynamics of the water loadings will not be part of
the study.
• The researchers will only assess the water quality by assessing the quality of the
water discharged through the GIS map produced, point out the biggest
pollutants, and suggest ways to improve the water quality of the River.

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 Tracking Sources of Pollutants and Assessment of Water Quality in
INTRODUCTION
RESEARCH FRAMEWORK Marikina River in Aid of Developing a Water Quality Management Plan

INPUTS

Physical Data
PROCESSES

Meteorological Data Data plotting

Environmental Data
Integration
OUTPUTS

Assessment Pollution load apportionment

Evaluation Water quality management plan

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 Tracking Sources of Pollutants and Assessment of Water Quality in
INTRODUCTION
METHODOLOGY Marikina River in Aid of Developing a Water Quality Management Plan

Establish ground Obtain resource maps

control points and other secondary data

Coordinate with
barangays

Perform ground
truthing

Update maps with the Develop a Water Quality

actual structures on the site Management Plan

Perform ocular inspection Input and process Assess the water quality of
and resident interviews data using GIS the discharges and the river

Perform on-site and

laboratory test

Get samples from selected

control points

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 Tracking Sources of Pollutants and Assessment of Water Quality in
INTRODUCTION
METHODOLOGY Marikina River in Aid of Developing a Water Quality Management Plan

Track Sources of Pollution

Quantify Discharge

Assessment of Quality

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 Tracking Sources of Pollutants and Assessment of Water Quality in
INTRODUCTION
METHODOLOGY Marikina River in Aid of Developing a Water Quality Management Plan

Track Sources of Pollution Quantify Discharge Assessment of Quality

Secondary Data (from LGUs):

Maps:
Base Map
Land Use/Zoning Map
Political Boundaries
Sewer and Drainage Network
Others:
Location of STPs and their coverage
Stream Network/Tributaries to the River

Data Inputs to GIS

Primary Data (through survey and interviews):

Households with and without septic tanks
Industries and Livestock with and without STPs

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 Tracking Sources of Pollutants and Assessment of Water Quality in
INTRODUCTION
METHODOLOGY Marikina River in Aid of Developing a Water Quality Management Plan

Track Sources of Pollution Quantify Discharge Assessment of Quality

Secondary Data: Primary Data (through in-situ and

Demographics laboratory testing)*:
Surface Areas Water Quality of Site Samples
Sewer and Drainage Network
Storm runoff data
Typical waste loads from various forms Process:
of land-use Unit Load Approach**
Generated Load = Unit Load x Number of Units

Data Inputs to GIS

*Parameters to be tested (Primary):
BOD Fecal Coliform
Nutrients pH **Domestic waste load = emission per inhabitant x number of inhabitants
Color Temperature Industrial waste load = concentration in wastewater x discharge of
DO TSS wastewater
Agricultural waste load = concentration per unit area x surface area

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 Tracking Sources of Pollutants and Assessment of Water Quality in
INTRODUCTION
METHODOLOGY Marikina River in Aid of Developing a Water Quality Management Plan

Track Sources of Pollution Quantify Discharge Assessment of Quality

Data Inputs to GIS

GIS Maps of the Study Scope which includes:

Pollution Sources (point and non-point)
Pollution Load Estimated per Area
Discharge Network

Process of Assessment:
Comparison of Maximum Allowable Pollution Load and
Actual Pollution Load Historical Data of the Pollution Discharges
Correlation of Actual Load and Historical Data (from LGUs)
Formulate Load Reduction Scenarios

Water Quality Management Plan

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 Tracking Sources of Pollutants and Assessment of Water Quality in
INTRODUCTION
EXPECTED OUTPUT Marikina River in Aid of Developing a Water Quality Management Plan

• Compilation of GIS maps would be produced which include:

• Domestic, Industrial, Livestock (Point) Pollution Sources
• Non-Point Pollution Sources
• Waste Water Discharge Network
• Pollution Load per Area
• Highest pollution contributor of the River would be identified and it might
help a lot to improve the quality of the Marikina River if their discharges were
properly regulated or some of them be treated first before being discharged to
the River.
• Water Quality Management Plan formulated from the assessment of the GIS
maps.

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 Tracking Sources of Pollutants and Assessment of Water Quality in
INTRODUCTION
TIMELINE Marikina River in Aid of Developing a Water Quality Management Plan

December January February March

Week 3 Week 4 Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Week 4 Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Week 4 Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Week 4
Gather secondary data from
LGUs and Manila Water
Send request to LGUs to conduct
study
Follow up request
Preliminary site visit
Conduct data
gathering/surveying (point and
non-point source)
Testing of water samples from
diff. sampling points
Input and processing of data
using GIS
Evaluation

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 Tracking Sources of Pollutants and Assessment of Water Quality in
INTRODUCTION
RESOURCES & EQUIPMENT Marikina River in Aid of Developing a Water Quality Management Plan

• Researchers’ own equipment:

• Laptops (with softwares needed)
• GPS
• Camera
• Resource Maps and other secondary data from different government agencies
• Transportation from U.P. Diliman to Marikina Riverbanks and vice versa
• Equipment for field sampling (onsite analysis and laboratory testing):
• Containers
• Thermometer
• Etc.

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INTRODUCTION
LITERATURE REVIEW
Journal Title/Book Chapter
1. Estimating Point and Non-Point Sources of Pollution in Biñan
River Basin, the Philippines
Amaya, F. L., Gonzales, T. A., Hernandez, E. C., Luzano, E. V., Mercado,
N. P. (2012)
2. Tracking Sources of Pollutants in Bued River using GIS
Lubrica, N. A., Valdez, C. S., Aquino C. S., Luma-ang, R. P. (2013)
3. National Water Quality Status Report 2006-2013
Department of Environment and Natural Resources -Environmental
Management Bureau (2014)
4. DENR Administrative Order No. 2016-08: Water Quality
Guidelines and General Effluent Standards of 2016
Department of Environment and Natural Resources (2016)
5. Formulation of an Integrated River Basin Management and
Development Master Plan for Marikina River Basin
Berkman International Inc. for the River Basin Control Office
Department of Environment and Natural Resources (2015)
ICE-EEEG Undergraduate Research Project Presentation |
Tracking Sources of Pollutants and Assessment of Water Quality in
Marikina River in Aid of Developing a Water Quality Management Plan
Relevance to the study
The method of estimating point and non-point sources of pollution in this study can
be used in our research.
The intensive application of GIS in pollution sources mapping and modeling in this
study is similar to the objective of our research.
In this report, Marikina River was classified as Class A in upstream and Class C in
downstream. The parameters mentioned in the report shall be adopted for our study.
The water quality was assessed using DAO 1990-34 but we now have an updated
guideline which is DAO 2016-08 so we will use it instead.
And we shall look into the sectors of point source pollutants for our research.
The significant effluent quality parameters per sector (industry category) were listed.
This will be the parameters that should be used for the study.
This report includes significant information about the Marikina River Basin. It also
includes relevant maps which can be used as basis of the study.
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