Big Idea: Matter is descried by its properties and

may undergo changes

Unit 1 Lesson 4 Pure Substances and Mixtures

Essential Question: How do pure substances and
mixtures compare?

Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

 Unit 1 Lesson 4 Pure Substances and Mixtures P52-53
A Great Combination
How can matter be classified?
• Matter is made up of basic “ingredients” known as
atoms.

• An atom is the smallest unit of an element that

maintains the properties of that element.

• Substances are classified as elements, compounds,

and mixtures.
#5) Compare
Basic
ingredients of all Matter
“stuff” Elements,
compounds
Substances are
and mixtures
Elements Compounds Mixtures
classified as: are all made
up of atoms
Unit 1 Lesson 4 Pure Substances and Mixtures P53

How can matter be classified?

• An atom is a building block of
matter

• An element is made of only one

kind of atom.

•A compound is made up of different kinds of

atoms that are chemically combined.

•A mixture contains a variety of elements and

compounds that are not chemically combined.

Air
Unit 1 Lesson 4 Pure Substances and Mixtures

How can matter be classified?

• Is water an element, a compound, or a mixture?

compound

Visualize it #7
2 different colors represent 2 different types of atoms
Unit 1 Lesson 4 Pure Substances and Mixtures P52-53
Unit 1 Lesson 4 Pure Substances and Mixtures P54-55
Pure Genius
What are pure substances?
• A pure substance is a substance with definite physical
and chemical properties.
• Pure substances are made up of just one type of particle.
• Element and Compounds are Pure substances

The atoms that Water molecules are made up of two

different types of atoms that are joined
make up copper together. The molecules that make up
are all the same water are all the same
Unit 1 Lesson 4 Pure Substances and Mixtures P54-55

Pure Genius
What are pure substances?
• Physical changes such as melting, freezing, cutting, or
smashing do not change the identity of pure
substances.

• When a pure substance undergoes a chemical change, it

is no longer that same substance.

The Chemical bonds that hold the

atoms together are broken.
A new substance is formed.
Unit 1 Lesson 4 Pure Substances and Mixtures

Made of
atoms

Pure
Substance
Unit 1 Lesson 4 Pure Substances and Mixtures P56

Classified Information
How can elements be classified?
• Elements are classified as metals, nonmetals, or
metalloids.

• Classifying elements helps scientists predict the

properties of elements.
• The periodic table is a tool used to classify and
identify elements that have similar properties.
 Unit 1 Lesson 4 Pure Substances and Mixtures P57
How can compounds be classified?
• Compounds can be classified as acidic, basic, or
neutral by measuring pH.
• Pure water (Neutral) has a pH of 7
• Acids have a pH below 7.
• Blue litmus paper turns red in the presence of an acid.
• Bases have a pH above 7.
• Red litmus paper turns blue in the presence of a base.
 - Describing Acids and Bases
Properties of Acids and Bases
Litmus is an example of an indicator, a
compound that changes color when in
contact with an acid or a base.

Online Activity
Unit 1 Lesson 4 Pure Substances and Mixtures P57
How can compounds be classified?
• Compounds can be organic or inorganic.

• Organic compounds are those that contain carbon

and hydrogen.

• Organic compounds made by living things are

called biochemicals.
• Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic
acids are biochemical compounds.
Unit 1 Lesson 4 Pure Substances and Mixtures P58

Mix and Match What are mixtures?

• A mixture is a combination of two or more
substances that are combined physically
but not chemically.
• Mixtures are not pure substances and do
not have definite properties.
• Substances within a mixture keep their
identities and individual properties.
• Mixtures can be separated by physical
changes, although some mixtures are
difficult to separate.
•Magnets, centrifuges, filters, and other
materials can be used to separate
mixtures.
 14) Visualize

A) Sand and
salt are poured
B) When water C) When the D) The
into a single
is added to the liquid is remaining salt
beaker. The
sand-salt poured water is
result is a
mixture, through a filter, heated until
mixture
because

They are not Salt dissolves Salt water Water is

chemically in water. Sand passes boiled off
combined does not. through the (evaporated)
(solubility) filter leaving salt
behind

15) Devise
Pick out the rocks by hand. Sort by size
Unit 1 Lesson 4 Pure Substances and Mixtures
Unit 1 Lesson 4 Pure Substances and Mixtures P60

Simple Solution
How can mixtures be classified?
heterogeneous
•A heterogeneous homogeneous
• A homogeneous
mixture has the same
mixture is one that
composition throughout.
does not have a
uniform composition.
Unit 1 Lesson 4 Pure Substances and Mixtures P60

How can mixtures be classified?

• A suspension is a heterogeneous
mixture.
• Particles in a suspension are spread
throughout a liquid or gas, but are too
large to stay mixed unless shaken or
stirred.
• Particles settle in suspensions.
• A solution is a homogeneous mixture in
which one substance is dissolved in
another substance.
• Colloids have particles that are unevenly
spread throughout the mixture. (looks
homogenous but really heterogeneous)
• particles in colloids are too small to settle
out of the mixture.
A substance that has Mixture
definite physical and
chemical properties.

Compound Heterogeneous
2 or more atoms Same
chemically throughout
combined (Uniform)

Solution
Between One substance
solution and dissolved in
suspension another
 Matter

Pure
Mixtures
Substances

Elements Compounds Heterogeneous Homogenous

Organic or Role in the

Metals pH
inorganic body Suspensions Colloids Solutions

Nonmetals Acid Base Biochemicals particles one

Particles are
spread
that are substance is
throughout unevenly dissolved in
spread another
Metalloids <7 >7 Carbohydrates throughout substance
too large to
stay mixed
unless
Blue litmus Red litmus shaken or particles in
Lipids stirred
turns red turns blue colloids are
too small to
Particles settle out of
settle the mixture
Proteins

Nucleic acids