PARTS OF SPEECH
shows relation between a noun
*Nouns: the name of some-
thing: as, book, boy, man,
house, library.
The man is selling books.
The house is painted.
Jose lives in Manila.
He drives his car to the office.
*Pronouns: a word used instead
of a noun: as, he, she, they, I,
who, it, we, you, her, him.
She is pretty.
They are honest.
Ramon, please tell her to come.
Who wants to see her?
I do not, but she does.
*Adjectives: a word that modi-
fies, limits or describes a noun
or pronoun or modifies its
meaning: as, kind, small, great,
black, first.
Rizal is the greatest Filipino
hero.
Estela is a small girl.
Her hair is black.
*Verbs: a word that expresses
an action or asserts action: as
eat, sleep, drink, rest, climb,
thank.
I walk and I dance.
The girl ran to her mother.
She is the one that sells books.
*Adverbs: a word that modifies
a verb, an adjective, or another
adverb; as, quickly, very soon,
well, ugly.
The lady is very pretty.
The stranger arrived early this
morning .
He speaks fluently.
He can hardly walk.
*Preposition: a word that modifying (adjectives and ad-
verbs), connecting (prepositions
and conjunctions), exclaim-
or a pronoun and another word
ing(interjection).
in the sentence; as, for, from,
at, in, over, on.
Classification of Nouns
(1) A Common Noun – is
Pedro ran into the building.
the name belonging to
He lives in the house near the
all the members of a
bridge.
class of objects- that is,
I like him best of all my friends.
the name is common
to all members of that
*Conjunctions: a word that class such as city, ship,
joins words or groups of words woman, religion, river.
in a sentence; as, and, or, if, (2) A Proper Noun – is the
while, although. distinctive name of an
individual member of a
Flora sings and Felisa plays the class as Manila ( a
piano. member of the class
Rosa must study hard or she will city); Don Juan (ship);
fail. Ana (woman); Christi-
You may go if you wish. anity (religion).
I do not sing, but I dance.
I entered the room when I Properties of Nouns
heard the bell. Number -singular and
Although I am old I can still plural.
travel. Gender – masculine,
feminine, neuter
*Interjection: a word that Case – nominative, ob-
shows emotion, and has little or jective, possessive.
no grammatical connection with Nominative – singular:
the rest of the sentence; as, oh, girl; plural: girls
pshaw, ah, alas, abah, aray. Objective – singular:
girl; plural: girls
Oh! The house is burning. Help! Possessive – singular:
Help! girl’s ; plural: girls’
Aruy! You stepped on me.
Alas! He is gone.
(1) Nouns; Pronouns ( used for
nouns) Adjectives used as modi-
fiers of nouns.
(2) Verbs; Adverbs, primarily
modifiers of verbs.)
(3) Prepositions and Conjunc-
tions are connecting words.
(4) Interjections are usually
without grammatical relation
with the other Parts of Speech.
5 functions: naming (nouns and
pronouns), asserting (verb),
 singular plural
boy Boy’s Boys’
child Child’s Chil-
dren’s
friend Friend’s Friends’

lady Lady’s Ladies’

Hero Hero’s Heroes’
Woman Woman’s Women’s
Son-in- Son-in- Sons-in-
law law’s law’s
wife Wife’s Wives’