Solution: Seatwork_28. August.

2018

1. Choose a suitable brake to stop a 50-hp (37.3-kW) motor automatically when power is cut off. The motor must be brought to rest
within 40 s after power is shut off. The load inertia, including the brake rotating member, will be about 200 lb⋅ft2 (82.7 N⋅m2); the
shaft being braked turns at 1800 r/min. How many revolutions will the shaft turn before stopping? How much heat must the brake
dissipate? The brake operates once per minute.

 Choose the type of brake to use.

An electric shoe-type brake is probably the best choice for automatically stopping a load.

The selection includes:

Type of brake Typical characteristics

Block Wooden or cast-iron shoe bearing on iron or steel wheel; double blocks prevent bending of shaft;
used where economy is prime consideration; leverage 5:1

Band Asbestos fabric bearing on metal wheels; fabric may be reinforced with copper wire and
impregnated with asphalt; bands are faced with wooden blocks; used where economy
is a major consideration; leverage 10:1

Cone Friction surface attached to metal cone; popular for cranes; coefficient of friction = 0.08 to 0.10;
useful for intermittent braking applications

Disk Have one or more flat braking surfaces; effective for large loads; continuous application

Internal-shoe Popular for vehicles where shaft rotation occurs in both directions; self-energizing, i.e., friction
makes shoe follow rotating brake drum; capable of large braking power

Eddy-current Used for flywheels requiring quick braking and where large kinetic energy of rotating masses
precludes use of block brakes because of excessive heating

Electric, shoe-type Used where automatic application of brake is required as soon as power is turned off;
spring-activated brake shoes apply the braking action

Electric, friction Best for duty cycles requiring a number of stops and starts per minute; may have one or
disk type multiple disks

 Calculate the average torque required to stop the load.

𝑊𝑘 2 𝑛
Use: 𝑇𝑎 = = 29.2 ft-lbf
308𝑡

where: Ta = average torque required to stop the load

Wk2 = load inertia (includes the brake rotating member), lb-ft2
n = shaft speed prior to braking, rpm
t = time required or desired stopping time

 Apply a service factor to the average torque.

Service factor range: 1.0 – 4.0 (you can go conservative or use the average value). The bigger the value, the bigger the required
braking capacity. Use 1.5 which yields 43.8 ft-lbf

 Choose the brake size.

Use an engineering data sheet from a manufacturer. A source yields a 16-in.-∅ brake will do.

 Compute the revolution prior to stopping.

𝑡𝑛 40∗1800
Use: 𝑅𝑠 = = = 600 𝑟𝑒𝑣
120 120
 Compute the heat the brake must dissipate.
𝑛
Use: 𝑄 = 1.7𝐹𝑊𝑘 2 ( )2 = 110,200 𝑓𝑡 − 𝑙𝑏𝑓 /𝑚𝑖𝑛
100

where: Q = heat generated at friction surfaces, ft-lbf/min

F = number of duty cycles per minute

 Verify if temperature will rise using a manufacturer’s data.

2. How much radiating surface must a brake drum have if it absorbs 20 hp (14.9 kW), operates for half the use cycle, and cannot
have a temperature rise greater than 300°F (166.7°C)? How long will it take this brake to cool to a room temperature of 75°F
(23.9°C) if the brake drum is made of cast iron and weighs 100 lb (45.4 kg)?

 Compute the required radiating area of the brake.

ℎ𝑝𝐹
Use: 𝐴 = 42.4
𝐾

You will require a Brake Radiating Factor

 Solve for the brake cooling time.

𝑐𝑊𝑙𝑛 𝑡𝑟
Use: 𝑡= = 0.1088 𝑚𝑖𝑛
𝐾𝑐 𝐴

where: t = brake cooling time, min

c = specific heat of brake-drum material, BTU/lb-oF
W = brake drum weight, lb
tr = drum temperature rise, oF
Kc = constant varying from 0.4 – 0.8