(Cycle Test 1 - Major Topics and Sub topics) Introduction to economics Evolution of concept of economy Business Economics Meaning, Nature, Scope and Significance Laws of Economics Law of Demand Law of Supply Relationship between Demand, Supply and Cost Equilibrium, Disequilibrium Movement and Shifts Scarcity Theory of consumer behaviour Utility – Meaning and concept Marginal Utility Total Utility Elasticity Law of diminishing utility Law of equi-marginal utility Forecasting Techniques Qualitative Delphi Market Research survey Market Trial Quantitative (Causal and Econometric Methods) Running sum average Weighted average Exponential Smoothening Cost and Revenue Opportunity cost Production possibility curve PPF, Growth and contraction Competitive Nature of Firms Type of economic System Communism Feudalism & slavery Capitalism Socialism Free Market Economy Unemployment Unemployed Underemployed Labour Force Full employment output NRU (Natural Rate of Unemployment) Various reasons of Unemployment – Frictional, Structural and Cyclic Keynesian Economics Unemployment Inflation Growth Classical economics Vs Keynesian economics National Income Definition- Marshall, Pigour, Fisher, Simon Circular Flow model of economy GDP – Real, Nominal Various approaches for evaluating GDP Expenditure, Income, Value Limitation of GDP Measuring national economy GDP, GNP, NNP, HDI, GPI, HPI, Personal disposable income, Private income Business Cycle Inflation, Deflation, Stagflation Effect of stagflation on economy Measure of Inflation – CPI, GDP deflators International Trades Definition Types – Export, Import, Ent repot Basis of International Trade Theory of absolute advantage Theory of comparative advantage Theory of competitive advantage Factor endowment theory Product differentiation Product Life cycle theory Theory of identical Preference Theory of surplus vent Effect of economic growth on Foreign trade Effect of Foreign trade on economic growth Advantage and Disadvantage of Foreign trade