GSM : Global System for mobile

CDMA :Code Division Multiple Acess

GPRS : General Packet servide

EDGE : Enchanced data for GSM Evloution

Three technology

MIMO : Multiple input Multiple output

OFDM: Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Acess

CDMA : Code Division For Multiple Access

Model for Fading Channel Coefficient:

H = X+jY sum of large random no—x,y assumed to be Gaussian in nature x & y random
varuable

Ai

Toi are random in nature

X & Y are independent random variable N(0,0.5) Fx = 1/sqrtpi*e^-2

Fy = 1/sqrtpi*e^-2

Joint distribution of Fxy = Fx*Fy =1/sqrtpi*e^-x2*1/sqrtpi*e^y-2 = 1/pi*e^-(x2+y2)

H = x+iy = aejphi

BER Bit error rate : no of bits in error out no tx bits

As bits transmitted /RX are random in nature they are measured as probability Pe

Pe = probability of bit error 0<pe<0.5