PAINTING – the process of applying pigment to a surface to secure effects involving

forms and colors.

MEDIUMS OF PAINTING
• Medium - refers to the material which is used by an artist. It is the means
by which she communicate.
1. Encaustic
• also known as “hot wax painting”, involves using heated beeswax to which
colored pigments are added.
• The term “Encaustic” is derived from the Greek word “enkaien” and means “to
burn into”.
2. Tempera
• a permanent fast drying painting medium consisting of colored pigment mixed
with a water-soluble binder medium (usually a glutinous material such as egg
yolk or some other size)
3. Fresco
• is any of several related mural painting types, done on plaster on walls or
ceilings.
• In Italian, ”fresco” means fresh and is used to designate the process of painting
in fresh wet plaster.
• The ceiling of St. Sistine Chapel was painted by MichelAngelo was an example
of Fresco Painting
4. Pastel
• an art medium in the form of a stick, consisting of pure powdered pigment and
a binder. The pigments used are the same as those used to produce all colored
art media, including oil paints; the binder is of a neutral hue and low saturation.
• Possesses only surfaces of light, gives no glazed effect, and most closely
resembles dry pigment
5. Watercolor
• Pigments are mixed with water and applied to fine white paper.
• the medium in which the paints are made of pigments suspended in a water
soluble vehicle.
6. Acrylic
• The newest medium and one that is used widely by painters
• They combine the transparency and quick-drying qualities of watercolor and are
flexible as oil.

METHODS OF PRESENTING PAINTING

1. Realism
• The attempt to portray the subject as it is
• Artificiality is unanimously rejected
• Defined by the accurate, unembellished, and detailed depiction of nature or
contemporary life.
“Sunday Morning, Going To Church” by Fernando Amorsolo
2. Abstraction
• Moves away from showing things as they really are
• Artistic elimination of rational visual association.
“Lunar Landscape” by Jose T. Joya
3. Symbolism
 • Use of symbols or pictorial conventions to express an allegorical meaning
• Rejected the purely visual realism and the rationality in order to depict the
symbols of ideas
“Spoliarium” by Juan Luna
4. Fauvism
• Characterized by seemingly wild brush work and strident colours, while their
subject matter had a high degree of simplification and abstraction.
• Les Fauves – group of artist practicing fauvism flourished from about 1903 to
1907
- from the French word meaning “Wild Beast”
“Luxembourg Gardens” by Henry Matisse
5. Dadaism
• a protest against the barbarism of the War and what Dadaists believed
was an oppressive intellectual rigidity in both art and everyday society
• its works were characterized by a deliberate irrationality and the
rejection of the prevailing standards of art.
• Came from the French word “dada” which means “hobby horse”
• Famous known Dadaist was Marcel Duchamp
6. Futurism
• Paintings glorified the mechanical energy of modern life.
• Subjects included automobile, motorcycle, and railroad trains that express
the explosive vitality of a modern life
• The futurism is evolve with the revolution in history known as “Industrial
Revolution”
Industrial revolution – innovation during 18th to 19th century where
manual processing of products was changed to automatic process
through machineries and factories.
7. Surrealism
• Like Dadaism, it uses art as a weapon against evils and restrictions seen in
the society.
• Tries to reveal a new and higher reality than that of daily life
• Lead by Andre Breton
8. Expressionism
• Its typical trait is to present the world under an utterly subjective
perspective, violently distorting it to obtain an emotional effect and vividly
transmit personal moods and ideas.
• Artists sought to express the meaning of "being alive" and emotional
experience rather than physical reality.
• The exponents of expressionism believed in the necessity of a spiritual
rebirth for the human being in an age that was fast becoming influenced by
materialism

COLOR
• Color or colour is the visual perceptual property corresponding in humans to the
categories called red, green, blue and others.
• Colors are more than a combination of red and blue or yellow and black. They are
non-verbal communication. Colors have symbolism and color meanings that go
beyond ink. As you design brochures, logos, and Web sites, it is helpful to keep in
 mind how the eye and the mind perceive certain colors and the color meanings we
associate with each color.
Color Wheel
• An abstract illustrative organization of color hues around a circle, that show
relationships between primary colors, secondary colors, complementary colors

Primary Colors – composed of red, blue and yellow.

Secondary Colors – composed of orange, green and violet from the combination of
the primary colors
Red + Blue = Violet

Yellow + Red = Orange

Blue + Yellow = Green

Tertiary Color – combination of primary colors and secondary colors
Red + Violet = Red Violet

Red + Orange = Red Orange

Blue + Violet = Blue Violet

Blue + Green = Blue Green

Yellow + Orange = Yellow Orange

Yellow + Green = Yellow Green

Color Relationships
In addition to understanding color meanings, it helps with mixing and matching colors
to know the relationship of adjacent, harmonizing, contrasting, and complementary
colors.
• Adjacent or harmonizing colors appear next to each other on the color wheel.
Harmonizing colors often work well together but if too close in value they can
appear washed out or not have enough contrast. A harmonizing trio could be
something like blue, light blue, and cyan or perhaps red, orange, and yellow.
• Contrasting colors are separated from each other by other colors -- they come
from different segments of the color wheel. The further apart, the more the
contrast. Red (from the warm half of the color wheel) contrasts with green and
blue (from the cool half of the color wheel). Shades of purple contrast with shades
of green. Contrasting colors that are directly opposite each other on the color
wheel may be described as clashing colors -- see the description for
 complementary. Despite the name, colors that clash are not always a bad
combination if used carefully. They provide great contrast and high visibility.
• Complementary colors are on opposite sides of the color wheel -- they are each
half of a pair of contrasting colors. For example, blue is a complementary color to
yellow. Green is complementary to purple and magenta. A pair of complementary
colors printed side by side can sometimes cause visual vibration (clash) making
them a less than desirable combination. However, separate them on the page with
other colors and they can work together.

Reporters
GROUP 3 – “PAINTING”
• Alindayu, Cherry Lou
• Enciso, Melven
• Mariano, Marlon
• Razal, John Michael