ADAMA SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY

SCHOOL OF MECHANICAL, CHEMICAL AND MATERIALS ENGINEERING

Assignment No1.
Class: 4thYear Thermal and Aerospace Max Marks: 10
Last date for submission: 5-12-2017 Mode of assignment: Individual
Course: Power Plant Engineering Course Code: TEA 5201
1) A power plant uses steam as a working fluid and operates on Rakine cycle between a source
temperature of 311.1 ℃ (boiler pressure 100 bar) and a sink temperature of 32.9 ℃ (condenser
pressure of 0.05 bar). (a) Determine the cycle efficiency and work ratio if all the processes
are reversible. Also determine the rate of steam generation if power out put of the plant is 1
MW (b) How the cycle efficiency and work ratio would be affected if isentropic efficiency
of turbine is 0.8 and saturated liquid coming out of the condenser is compressed to the boiler
pressure with an isentropic efficiency of 0.9.
Answers: (a)38.9%, 0.99, 3585 kg/hr (b) 31%, 0986,

2) Consider a 210-MW steam power plant that operates on a simple ideal Rankine cycle. Steam
enters the turbine at 10 MPa and 500°C and is cooled in the condenser at a pressure of 10
kPa. Show the cycle on a T-s diagram with respect to saturation lines, and determine:
(a) the quality of the steam at the turbine exit,
(b) the thermal efficiency of the cycle, and
(c) The mass flow rate of the steam.
Answers: (a) 0.793, (b) 40.2 percent, (c) 165 kg/s

3) Repeat Problem 2 assuming an isentropic efficiency of 85 percent for both the turbine and
the pump.
Answers: (a) 0.874, (b) 34.1 percent, (c) 194 kg/s

4) Consider a steam power plant that operates on a simple ideal Rankine cycle and has a
net power output of 45 MW. Steam enters the turbine at 7 MPa and 500°C and is
cooled in the condenser at a pressure of 10 kPa by running cooling water from a lake
through the tubes of the condenser at a rate of 2000 kg/s. Show the cycle on a T-s
diagram with respect to saturation lines, and determine:
(a) the thermal efficiency of the cycle,
(b) the mass flow rate of the steam, and
(c) the temperature rise of the cooling water.
Answers: (a) 38.9 percent, (b) 36 kg/s, (c) 8.4°C

5) Consider a steam power plant that operates on a reheat Rankine cycle and has a net power
output of 80 MW. Steam enters the high-pressure turbine at 10 MPa and 500°C and the low-
pressure turbine at 1 MPa and 500°C. Steam leaves the condenser as a saturated liquid at a
pressure of 10 kPa. The isentropic efficiency of the turbine is 80 percent, and that of the pump
is 95 percent. Show the cycle on a T-s diagram with respect to saturation lines, and determine:
(a) the quality of the steam at the turbine exit,
(b) the thermal efficiency of the cycle, and
(c) the mass flow rate of the steam.
Answers: (a) 88.1°C, (b) 34.1 percent, (c) 62.7 kg/s
6) A steam power plant operates on the reheat Rankine cycle. Steam enters the high-pressure
turbine at 12.5 MPa and 550°C at a rate of 7.7 kg/s and leaves at 2 MPa. Steam is then
reheated at constant pressure to 450°C before it expands in the low-pressure turbine. The
isentropic efficiencies of the turbine and the pump are 85 percent and 90 percent, respectively.
Steam leaves the condenser as a saturated liquid. If the moisture content of the steam at the
exit of the turbine is not to exceed 5 percent, determine:
(a) the condenser pressure,
(b) the net power output, and
(c) the thermal efficiency.
Answers: (a) 9.73 kPa, (b) 10.2 MW, (c) 36.9 percent

7) In an ideal reheat regenerative cycle, the high-pressure turbine receive steam at 20 bar, 300
℃. After expansion to 7 bar, the steam is reheated to 300 ℃ and expands in an intermediate
pressure turbine to 1 bar. A fraction of steam now is extracted for feed water heating in an
open type feed water heater. The remaining steam expands in a low-pressure turbine to a final
pressure of 0.05 bar. Determine i) Cycle efficiency ii) Specific steam consumption iii) Quality
of steam entering the condenser.

8) A coal sample contains: C = 93%; H = 6% and ash = 1%. The following data were obtained
when the above coal was tested in a bomb calorimeter: (i) Wt of coal burnt = 0.92 g (ii) Wt
of water taken = 550 g (iii) Water equivalent of bomb and calorimeter = 2200 g (iv) Rise in
temperature = 2.42°C (v) Fuse wire correction = 179 J. Calculate the gross and net calorific
value of the coal.

9) A sample of coal contains 75% C: 5.2% H; 12.1% O; 3.2% N and 4.5% Ash. (i) Calculate
the minimum amount of O2 and air by wt. necessary for complete combustion of 1kg of coal.