7/19/2017

MBA 102 - STATISTICS WITH COMPUTER APPLICATION

Lesson 03
Causal Comparative using
SPSS
 SHERWYN D. ALLIBANG, DBA

/sallibang

One Sample T-Test

 The one-sample t-test is used to determine

whether a sample comes from a population with
a specific mean.
 This population mean is not always known, but
is sometimes hypothesized.

/sallibang

1
 7/19/2017

Example

 One would want to show that a new teaching

method for pupils struggling to learn English
grammar can improve their grammar skills to
the national average.
 The sample would be pupils who received the
new teaching method and the population mean
would be the national average score.

/sallibang

Sample Observations
No Scores
1 84
2 86
3 96
4 85
5 92
6 89
7 92
8 95
9 90
10 87
11 93
12 82
13 88
14 84
15 87
/sallibang

2
 7/19/2017

Example (cont.)

 Variable View

/sallibang

One Sample T-Test

 Data View

/sallibang

3
 7/19/2017

Example (cont.)

 Analyze One Sample T-Test

/sallibang

Example (cont.)

 92 is the average national score

/sallibang

4
 7/19/2017

Example (cont.)
 Output View

P-Value

 In this example, p < .05

 Therefore, it can be concluded that the population means are statistically
significantly different.
 If p > .05, the difference between the sample-estimated population mean and the
comparison population mean would not be statistically significantly different.
 If you see SPSS Statistics state that the "Sig. (2-tailed)" value is ".000", this actually
means that p < .0005. It does not mean that the significance level is actually zero.
/sallibang

Two-Way ANOVA

 The two-way ANOVA compares the mean

differences between groups that have been split
on two independent variables (called factors).
 The primary purpose of a two-way ANOVA is to
understand if there is an interaction between the
two independent variables on the dependent
variable.

/sallibang

5
 7/19/2017

Example

 Given a Math test to different boys and girls in

different age group.
 Determine whether it’s the gender or the age
group that causes the variation on scores or the
interaction of both.

/sallibang

Sample Observations
Gender Score Age Group
Boy 4 10
Boy 6 10
Boy 8 10
Girl 4 10
Girl 8 10
Girl 9 10
Boy 6 11
Boy 6 11
Boy 9 11
Girl 7 11
Girl 10 11
Girl 13 11
Boy 8 12
Boy 9 12
Boy 13 12
Girl 12 12
Girl 14 12
Girl 16 12
/sallibang

6
 7/19/2017

Example (cont.)

 Variable View

/sallibang

Example (cont.)

 Data View

/sallibang

7
 7/19/2017

Hypothesis
H0 – Gender will have no significant effect on score.
HA – Gender does have significant effect on score

H0 – Age will have no significant effect on score.

HA – Age does have significant effect on score

H0 – Gender and Age interaction will have no significant

effect on score.
HA – Gender and Age interaction does have significant
effect on score

/sallibang

Example (cont.)

 Analyze Two-Way ANOVA

/sallibang

8
 7/19/2017

Example (cont.)

/sallibang

Example (cont.)

P-Value

/sallibang

9
 7/19/2017

Hypothesis
H0 – Gender will have no significant effect on score.
(Rejected)
HA – Gender does have significant effect on score.
(Accepted)

H0 – Age will have no significant effect on score.

(Rejected)
HA – Age does have significant effect on score. (Accepted)

H0 – Gender and Age will have no significant effect on

score. (Accepted)
HA – Gender and Age does have significant effect on
score. (Rejected)
/sallibang

References
 INTRODUCTION TO BUSINESS STATISTICS, 7TH ED., 2014,
WEIERS
 Introductory Business Statistics, 2010, Tiemann
 SPSS Step by Step Tutorial, 2004, DataStep Development
 A Handbook of Statistical Analyses using SPSS, 2004, Landau
& Everitt
 SPSS for Beginners, 1999, Gupta
 Machine Learning with WEKA: WEKA Explorer Tutorial for
WEKA Version 3.4.3, 2004, Aksenova
 An Introduction to the WEKA Data Mining System. Markov
 HelpWithAssignment
 LAERD Statistics

/sallibang

10
 7/19/2017

/sallibang

11