Art 3-11

Sources of Water Supply

thus coatrolled and water from the well is then pumped directly into mains I
a daimed that there is considerable increase in the vield from such a well and
a varies from 300 m to 4000 m per hour depending on the thickness and
permeability of the aquifer
Fellowing are the advesges of this system
The entry velocity in collector pipe is low Hence, it prevents the danger
of clogging and incrustation due to the carbonate deposition
The horirontal collectors are controlled from single unit installed on top
of vertical well
The steel pipes remain submerged in water for all the time and hence
they are not correded
The system proves to be economical in initial, operational and maintenance
The water obtained by this method is clean. fresh and bacteriologically
pure. It practically does not require any treatment
When the collector pipes are being driven out, the process of descending
is carried out to avoid any possibility of choking of the collector pipes
The collector pipes are finally covered by coarse materials and hence
there are less chances of clogging at a later stage
The surface area of collection under the command of a well with French
system is 30 to 40 times more than that of an ordinary infiltration well
(v)
(v) As a wide surtace of aquifer is attacked, the effect on draw down
rve
is less severe than that in case of a traditional infiltration well or a tube
well. The cost of pumping water is therefore considerably reduced
Each pipe collector is independently controlled which permits easy
ix)
back-washing when required. It is thus possible to maintain a constant
vield from the well.
The rate of infiltration into the collector pipe is about 20 to 30 times
less than that in case of ordinary infiltration well. Hence, the velocity
of inflow always remains below the sub-critical value and it thus helps
in preventing the movements of sand particles
(N)
(3) Springs: When ground water appears at the surface for any reason, the
springs are formed. They serve as source of water supply for small towns,
especially
near hills or bases of hills Some springs discharge hot water due to the presence
of sulphur and other minerals in their formations These hot springs cannot be
used to supply water for domestic purposes. But the hot water is found to cure
some of the human disorders
A good spring proves to be a sure source of water. But it is dillicult to tind a
good spring for the purpose of water supply schee. However, when a spring
is to be developed
as a source of water supply, the following factors should be
carefully ascertained
It should be casier, cheaper and surer enough to develop the spring for
the locality than to adopt
The flow of water should be adequate
0)
any other source of water supply
even in dry weather
a i a 2 B
E 3 2