Table of Contents

Sl. Titles Page

no.
1 Introduction 2
2 Importance of Research 2
3 Social Work Research Methods 2
4 Types of Social Research Design 3
5 Research Objectives and Questions 3
6 Literature Review 3
7 Methods and Procedures 5
7.1 Research Philosophy 5
7.2 Research Approach 6
7.3 Research Strategy 7
7.4 7
Data Collection Method
7.5 Data analysis 7
8 Limitations & Significance 8
9 Time Table for Conducting the Research 9
10 Conclusion: 9
11 References 10

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Introduction:
Social work research means conducting an investigation in accordance with the scientific method.
The aim of social work research is to build the social work knowledge base in order to solve
practical problems in social work practice or social policy. In a very broad sense, social work
research is the application of research methods to solve. Problems that social workers confront in
the practice of social work. It provides information that. It is a systematic and critical mode of
inquiry that seeks to contribute to an area of knowledge. In recent years, practice research has
gained greater prominence in social work practice. Poverty in Bangladesh has decreased
substantially in the last two decades hence inequality is increased. Major reason for this is the
failure of the economic equality to grow because of internal conflict and political reason. As a
result of the lack of employment prospects in the country millions of young people are forced to
migrate abroad and economy earned foreign revenue that could actively contribute to the growth
process. Poverty decreases by the social work for welfare in such basic sector. We knows it by
increasing person’s purchasing power and market price equilibrium. Understand social work
research through the critical examination of the methods and organization of the ever-expanding
professional literature associated with social work practice.

Importance of Research:
The market and social research industry is a community of professionally curious investigators
who purpose is to design research, collect information and provide insights to support business,
government and society's need to make decisions based on evidence collected from real humans.
High quality research in social work is important for many reasons. Research may be utilized to
evaluate the effectiveness of the practice in which social workers engage and the programs they
implement. Development of new knowledge, policies and programs often result from research
efforts. The field of social work research has experienced considerable growth over the past 20
years. This body of research is an essential source of knowledge for helping understand and solve
complex social problems, but utilizing this research effectively requires proper contextualization.

Social Work Research Methods:

A variety of research methods and techniques are covered to help students engage in practice-
informed research and research informed practice. Examination of evidence based practice.
Qualitative and quantitative research methods, data analysis, and writing research papers. Social
research thus attempts to create or validate theories through data collection and data analysis, and
its goal is exploration, description, explanation, and prediction

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Types of Social Research Design
There are 4 Types of Research Design.
Experimental Research Design: An experiment is a research design where a certain degree of
control over a given set of variables is exercised by the researcher when conducting an
investigation.
Case Study Research Design, Longitudinal Research Design, Cross-sectional Research Design.
Research Objectives and Questions
Searching procedures to effectively find existing research & application of research to practice
To measure the impact of social work on economy and decrease poverty in the distribution of
income in Bangladesh based on most up to data household level information.
To find a mechanism that can help alleviating poverty in Bangladesh by social work..
To provide a thorough comparison of successes and failures of poverty reduction strategies in cities
and rural areas.
To explore the demographic conditions presently existing in cities, in particular the demographic
dynamics (age-sex structure, etc.) and socio-economic characteristics of this largest urban
agglomeration of the country.
To examine the implications of such rapid demographic and socio-economic changes with regard
to housing, health care, water and sanitation, education, access to services, and employment
opportunities.
1. Age 2. Gender M/ F 3. Ethnic background 4. Education 5. Profession
6. Average monthly income 7. District 8.Purchasing power 9. Health
Specific questions
1. What is your average monthly expenditure on following items?
2. What is your monthly income?
3. Provide information on your family
4. Given your education, professional skill and interest what is the most realistic option would you
choose if you do not have any financial constraint?
5. What is your ambition in life?
6. How much money do you need to get started on the work of your choice?
7. How can the national government do for you to achieve above target?
8. What can the local government do for you to achieve above target?

Literature Review:
Traditional, agriculture and forestry were central to rural life. They were the major employers of
labor, the main sources of income within the rural economy and indirectly had a powerful influence
on traditions, power structures and life style. In our country 80% of the labor force are included

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with agriculture where wages in subsistence level. In the context of our country social work is
much fruitful in cities than villages. Because of high migration rate towards cities from villages.
So at one place larger amount of people get kindness by social work. On the other hand some of
the intelligent comes from poor family of village and there social work be needed.Social work
practice began its journey in industrialized countries during the last half of the nineteenth century.
These practices were focused in two important directions: (1) helping individuals; and (2) social
action. Initially, social workers tried to help their clients by finding work for them, or dealing with
material problems that impeded their ability to function in a capitalist economy. While these
practices were the norm, it was believed that the malfunctioning by the individual caused
problems. Thus, it was thought necessary to help individuals to solve their problems. The notion
of private welfare and individual-level intervention was first conceived by the Charity
Organization Society’s(COS) movement. Mary Richmond was at the heart of the launch of the
COS movement. The Settlement House Movement worked through research, reform and
residence, and provided a variety of services including educational, legal and health services
(Prodhan & Faruque,2012). Social work practice in the 21st century is recognized as a way of
ensuring social development. The IFSW acknowledges that social work is not bounded by this
definition; rather it is a dynamic and evolving field. Social work seeks to enhance people’s
capacities by intervening at the personal, group, and community levels in order to meet their needs.
Particular attention is given to the needs of vulnerable, oppressed, and marginalized groups in
society. The center of social work practice is the application of social work knowledge and skills
that are derived from a number of theories on human development, behavior, and social systems
(e.g. Freud’s psychoanalytic theory, Ericson’s psychosocial theory, Gesell’s maturational theory,
Havighurst’s environmental theory, and Piaget’s cognitive development theory) to analyze
complex situations and to facilitate individual, organizational, social, and cultural changes in
dealing with human needs. Inequalities in income, employment, and distribution of resources are
high in most developing countries, and Bangladesh is not an exception. Socio demographic and
economic profiles of Bangladesh indicate poor faces of social development; however in recent
decades, Bangladesh has experienced a slow increase in social development. Almost eighty
percent of people in Bangladesh live below the poverty line (McLeod, 2007). The labor force
participation rate is 59.3%. Life expectancy has risen from 50 to63 years, child mortality rate is
240 per thousand births, the literacy rate has reached 66percent, and the total fertility rate (TFR)
is 3.0 in recent years (BBS, 2010; NIPORT, 2011). During the period of 1797–1997, Bangladesh
experienced approximately200 natural disasters, causing 863,016 deaths and severe damage to
property worth billions of dollars (Mathbor, 2007). Women’s development is an important area for
social development of Bangladesh as they constitute half of the total population. Without
mainstreaming and integrating them into development activities, sustained growth cannot be
achieved. The government of Bangladesh has had several programs to assist rural poor people in
general, and poor women in particular, namely Food for Work (FFW), Food for Education
Program (FEP) Vulnerable Group Development (VGD), Vulnerable Group Feeding (VGF),

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Women Entrepreneurs Development Program, and Poor Lactating Mothers’ Assistance Program
(Khuda, 2011; MOWCA, 2011). Along with programmatic interventions, the government has
enacted many laws (e.g. Dowry Prohibition Act, 1980; Suppression of Immoral Traffic Act, 1993;
Women and Children Oppression Prevention Act, 2000) to protect women from discrimination
and gender-based violence. With the aim of mains-teaming women in development activities, the
Bangladeshi government announced a National Women Development Policy in 1997 and revised
it again in 2011. This policy is currently being implemented. The main instruments for achieving
the goal of women’s development identified in the “National Women Development Policy 2011”
are organization of women as a self-reliant group at the grassroots level, integration of all
initiatives undertaken by the government, NGOs and other voluntary organizations, extending sup-
port (administrative, legal, financial, and logistic) to all parties for protection of rights, creation of
awareness, prevention of violence against women, and changing discriminatory social attitudes
towards women (MOWCA, 2011). It is worth noting here that many NGOs, at national, local, and
grassroots levels, came in close contact during the second half of the 1970s and the 1980s and
assisted a large number of poor people, particularly women, by providing training and small-scale
loans to run income-generating projects. Whether the impact of micro-lending on the lives of rural
poor is positive or negative, the reality is that a large number of rural poor women are being helped
by many NGOs such as Grameen Bank, Bangladesh Rural Advancement Committee (BRAC),
Association for Social Advancement (ASA), PROSHIKHA, and Rangpur Dinajpur Rural Service
(RDRS). According to official data, 2276 NGOs are registered under the NGO Affairs Bureau, a
government regulatory body for non-governmental organizations in Bangladesh (NGOAB, 2012).
Organizing, advocacy, and training are the main methods that these NGOs work. Bangladesh could
not introduce large-scale social welfare activities due to financial shortages. Many inter-national
organizations (e.g. World Bank, organizations within the United Nations sys-tem including
UNICEF, WHO, UNDP, and UNHCR, OXFAM, YWCA, DANIDA, Red Cross, and ICSW) are
making a significant contribution, and playing an increasingly important role in bringing
international resources and pressures to bear on social welfare issues (Midgley, 1997, pp. 203–22).
It is reported that more 20 thousand NGOs are currently working in Bangladesh. As in other
developing countries, bureaucrats and policy makers con-sider social work to be charity work,
thus, they ignore its developmental aspects (Islam, 2011). The two development projects, USS and
RSS, launched effectively during 1970s, seem to have been buried due to the lack of appropriate
roles by the social work professionals. The literacy rate in Bangladesh is 72.76% (BBS-2016) and
fertility rate is 2.10/women is improved by social work ever decade.

Methods and Procedures

Research Philosophy

A research philosophy is a belief about the way in which data about a phenomenon should be
gathered, analyzed and used. The term epistemology (what is known to be true) as opposed to
doxology (what is believed to be true) encompasses the various philosophies of research approach.
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Denk, (2010) stated that there are four types of research philosophies. These are positivism,
pragmatism, realism and interpretivism. In our research, the research philosophy would be
positivism. The total research framework is given below:

PHILOSOPHY APPROACHES STRATEGY DATA DATA

COLLECTION ANALYSIS
POSITIVISM Deductive Quantitative Secondary: ADF UNIT
and And Previous ROOT TEST
inductive qualitative literatures, BBS, CO-
and world bank INTEGRATION
databank TEST
GLS
REGRESSION

Research Approach

Research approach is a plan and procedure that consists of the steps of broad assumptions to
detailed method of data collection, analysis and interpretation. It uses standards of validity and
reliability. Research approach is essentially divided into two categories:
1) Approach of data collection and
2) Approach of data analysis or reasoning.

Research
approach

Data collection Data analysis

Qualitative Quantitative Inductive Deductive

Inductive

Observation Pattern Hypotheses Theory

Deductive
Theory Hypotheses Observation Conformation
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In the research, the researcher will follow the inductive and deductive approach as the researcher
will work based on the existing theories. For the purpose of gathering and analyzing the qualitative
data, the researcher will use deductive approach.

Research Strategy

Researchers have since centuries used research methods for supporting the creation of reliable
knowledge based on empirical evidence and logical arguments. This Strategy should support social
workers in relation to activity in these sectors. The Strategy should be read in conjunction with
key government policies that set the strategic direction for social work services and the evidence
agenda in different sectors and settings. . On the other hand, based on the nature of the research,
the research strategy can be divided into three such as survey research strategy, case study strategy,
and experiment research strategy. Research strategy is determined by answering this questions:

1) Where are we now? 2) Why we need a research strategy at this time? 3) What does evidence
informed practice look like? 4) Where we want to get to? 5) Equality and Human Rights
6) Personal and Public Involvement 7) Governance & Resources
8) How do we plan to take it forward?

Data Collection Method

There are two sources of data collection such as primary and secondary. As the researcher will
work on quantitative data, the researcher will collect data from secondary sources. The researcher
will collect data from World Bank databank. Moreover, the researcher will collect data from
various articles, journal, BBS websites etc. the researcher will collect data of Bangladesh for the
last 30 years from 1987 to 2016.

Data analysis

There are many types of data analysis. Some of them are more basic in nature, such as descriptive,
exploratory, inferential, predictive, and causal. Some, however, are more specific, such as
qualitative analysis, which looks for things like patterns and colors, and quantitative analysis,
which focuses on numbers. As the researcher will work on the panel data the researcher, follow
three steps in analyzing the data series. First, the researcher will use Augmented Dickey-Fuller
unit root test to check stationary of the data series. Then, the researcher will use co-integration test
to check long-term relationship of the data series. Finally, the researcher will run GLS regression
to find out the relationship between social work and economic growth (GDP). Is social work is
helpful to achieve the Sustainable development goals (SDG) with economic growth.

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Average Monthly Expenditure

Criteria Expenditure in Tk
Food
Housing
Clothing
Education
Health

Average Monthly Income

Criteria Expenditure in Tk
Wages
Rent/Property
Financial Assets
Pension
Other

Limitations & Significance

The issue of indigenization needs to be addressed. There is a need to address the tension and
hostility between social work educators and practitioners. Secondly, though there is a lot of
literature in the core subject, there are very few contemporary indigenous texts on this subject.
Most universities still refer to the old western text for this subject. One strategy to address these
issues could be to form a small core group of educators trained in editing and writing skills that
could be available to researcher. Another most important issue is less amount of social work in
our cities such as nogor sahsto kendro, Save the Children & UNESCO fund for education.
Social work is a practice-based profession and an academic discipline that promotes social
change and development, social cohesion, and the empowerment and liberation of people. We
have the vast scoop to do social work in cities.

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Time Table for Conducting the Research
Time Table for Conducting the Research is given below.

SL. No. Topic 2017 2018 2019

1. Literature review
2. Supervisor meeting

3. Collection of data

4. Research design
5. Data Analysis
6. Supervisor meeting
7. Write-Up
8. Revise and Edit
9. Final completion
10. Submission of the project

Conclusion:
Social research can be defined as the systematic and objective analysis and recording of controlled
observations that may lead to the development of generalization, principles or theories resulting in
prediction and possibly ultimate control of events in society. It attempts to answer or solve social
problems. . High quality research in social work is important for many reasons. Research may be
utilized to evaluate the effectiveness of the practice in which social workers engage and the
programs they implement. Development of new knowledge, policies and programs often result
from research efforts. They have failed to convince bureaucrats and political decision makers about
the importance of integrating social work knowledge in policy and practice for social development.
The future growth and development of social work practice in Bangladesh is dependent on the
commitment and performance of social workers. To carry out effective roles in addressing
problems in the future, social workers need to be equipped with modern techniques and practice
tools, as well as our own cultural context and nature of problems. The relationship of social work
in cities and equality bringing the economic growth rapidly. Its help to attain the SDG within the
time period because cities has large area for social work of lower income classes.

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References

Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics (BBS) (2016). Report on Monitoring of Employment Survey

.People’s Republic of Bangladesh

Ministry of Women and Children Affairs (MOWCA) (2016.). National Women Development
Policy People’s Republic of Bangladesh.

Department of Social Services (DSS) (2012). Programs. Peoples’ Republic of Bangladesh

In M. C.Hokenstad, S. K. Khinduka, & J. Midgley (Eds.), Profiles in international social work
(pp. 71–84). Washington, DC: National Association of Social Workers, Canadian Association of
Social Workers (CASW) (2013). What social workers do? Retrieved

Department of Social Services (DSS) (2016). Programs. Peoples’ Republic of Bangladesh

International Federation of Social Workers (IFSW) (2013). Definition of social work. Retrieved
December 13, 2013, from http://ifsw.org/policies/definition-of-social-work

Mathbor, G. M. (2007). Enhancement of community preparedness for natural disasters: The role
of social work in building capital for sustainable disaster relief and management. International
Social Work, 50, 357–69.

McLeod, D. (2007). Is Poverty Increasing in Bangladesh? Reconciling National and Global

Monitoring Estimates. Final report submitted to UNDP-BDP Poverty Group, New York.
National Institute of Population Research and Training (NIPORT) (2011). Bangladesh
Demographic and Health Survey. People’s Republic of Bangladesh.

Pierce, B., McGuire, L. & Howes, P. (2015). Ready, set, go … again: Renewing an Academy-
Agency Child Welfare Partnership. Journal of Social Work Education, 51(2), S239-S251.

Yeom, H. S. (2015). Utilization of substance abuse treatment: Gender differences among

participants in an aftercare program. Social Work in Public Health, 30(7), 578-91.

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