ORIGIN OF THE UNIVERSE

FIRST QUARTER
FIRST SEMESTER
JUNE 6, 2018
OBJECTIVES
1. Describe the historical development of the theories
that explain the origin of the universe.
2. Explain the Big Bang Theory and evidences
supporting the theory.
 THEORIES
LAW

HYPOTHESIS
WHAT IS UNIVERSE AND WHAT COMPOSES
THE UNIVERSE?
Activity:
Write a brief description of what you know about
the origin of the universe and solar system
ORIGIN OF THE UNIVERSE
THEORIES ON THE ORIGIN OF THE UNIVERSE
• Oscillating or Pulsating Theory
• Steady State Theory
• Cosmic Inflation Theory
• Big Bang Theory
Oscillating or Pulsating Theory
- Developed by Paul Steinhardt
- It holds that our universe would be
the last one of many originated in the
past, after successive explosion (big
bang) and contraction (big crunch)
- It’s a never ending cycle known as
Oscillating Universe
Oscillating or Pulsating Theory
Steady State Theory
• Proposed by 3 astronomers; Fred Hoyle, Thomas gold, and Herman
Bondi.
• It predicted a universe that expanded but did not change its density.
Steady State Theory
Cosmic Inflation Theory (Inflationary Model)
• Proposed by Alan Guth
• based on the big bang theory with incorporation of short early period
of exponential cosmic inflation to solve some uncertainties of the
standard big bang model (horizon and flatness problem)
CIT
The Big Bang Theory
• The current accepted model on the formation of the universe.
• First proposed by Georges Lemaitre (1927)
• It describes the universe as expanding, having originated from an
infinitely tiny, and dense point around 14 BYA.
• According to the theory, matter was not present at the beginning of
time; there was only pure energy compresses in a single point called
singularity
Evidences that support Big Bang
1. Hubble’s observation of REDSHIFT tells that most galaxies and stars
are moving apart.
2. Temperature measurement of Cosmic Microwave Background
(CMB) Radiation are as predicted by big bang theory
3. An abundance of hydrogen and helium in the far reaches of the
universe is consistent with big bang theory that a mixture of
hydrogen and helium was created at the beginning of the universe.
4. The darkness of the night sky tells us there must be galaxies whose
light has yet to reach us.
THEORIES ON THE ORIGIN OF THE UNIVERSE

1. The universe was once very small and very hot

and then it expanded over time until it reached its
peak.
2. The universe is expanding and will eventually
contract once all the energy is used up.
3. The universe is always expanding in a constant
average density and it has no beginning or end of
time.
4. The early universe was a rapidly expanding bubble
of pure vacuum energy and did not have any
matter or radiation.

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CONCEPTS IN BIGBANG THEORY

1. The initial explosion that resulted in the formation

and expansion of the universe is called the Big bang.
Q: When did it occur?

2. What discovery supported that the universe is really

expanding?

3. Who made the discovery?

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CONCEPTS IN BIGBANG THEORY

6. The discovery that gives actual evidence that big

bang really did occur as remnant or remains of the big
bang.

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Answer

BIG BANG THEORY

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Answer

OSCILLATING UNIVERSE THEORY

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Answer

COSMIC INFLATION THEORY

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Answer

STEADY STATE THEORY

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Answer

13.7 BILLION YEARS AGO

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Answer

RED SHIFT

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Answer

EDWIN HUBBLE

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Answer

CMB OR COSMIC MICROWAVE

BACKGROUND

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