OfficiaLJournal of the Nationaf Brotherhood Eiectrical WOr'kersof America.
=======-~o=-- ~. -..
6. No.5.
VOL.
I TESTING THE COILS OF A STREET
HAlLWAY MO'li()R WITHOUT THE
I '. VSE OF L"'iSTRUMENTS_
1·
By Franl. R Porter.
Where Instruments with which to test
the r~slstance of the fitld coils of a street
railway motor are noi avnilable. the fol-
lowing slruple methofl will enable the per-
son npplylng them to determine whether
a coil is &bort-<:ircnited in some of Its
layers, or is of too high resistance. In
practl\!e the results obtained by
U8lng . these methods, while not
equaling those obtained by the use
of ·tlle voltm'lterand ammetel', will be
fouud I!uperior tQ those derived from the
use Qf tl bridge,. as Ilig-her voltuge and
more '.'urr~nt (!Im be used than are pruc'-
tical in the h!"irlge fiS ordinarily designed,
moklng the condition of the field being
tested In regard to dilIerences of poten-
tial and c:UITt:nt passing equal tQ actullI
service...
'An' ilIDount of CUI:rent can be sent
throu~b the field equal to the maximum
I!moun~ passing at anytime when the
motel' 101 tn serrlcp, and as an increase in
! 'as to cause It to attract the same pole
• X
j :
.0)
i J ....
l _ _ __'_--'_
FIC •. "
current Increa:;;e:: the ditfel'ence in poten-
tilll between lavers of the ti~ll1 coil wind-
ing-, ulty chaITt'(1 or. fauity insulation will
tip morE' apt to hl'N.k down lluder th~
strejl~ (lnd II. short-cin:l1it result. while
with feehle CUlI'f.'ntij (Of low voltage, sudl
us are p;'eiiC'rully t!lnpiuyed in lJrid~c
w(.'rk, \'cry iuferi.),· insulation is effective
1n contluhlg 1 ue (-urrent· to tile convolu-
tions of tlJe wh'f;_
Tllk:: tlle tif'.'Itl C!oil to be tested. X (Fh:,
1), aud llia<.<e it so that its pL'lIle extt!lll!S
ST. LOUIS, MAY, 1897.
north und south, and thE' direction of its
lines of fOl'ce whellexcited will be east
and' west, 1: e_. place It so. that, when
~xclted, Its north and south pole will be
directly In tbe east 01' west'of tbe COlll-
pass N. S. (N. and S_ being its north anel
south poles, respectively), whose needle
should be parallel to the. plane· of the
coiL· Connect the coil inspries with a
resistance, or multiple lamp test. Clos-
ing the circuit by means of a switch.
....
. in the weaker coils must be sh<;irt-
Fu:. 2.
note which pole of the compass needle is
attracted towa.rd the field coil. Now.
placing a similar, but standard. tield coil
(See Fig. 2) on the opposite of the com-
pass, with Its center directly opposite
the centre of X, and equally distant with
X from the center of tile compass, send
a cW'rent througb it in sueh a direction
'of the cQmpass needle os did X in tbe
'first place. By connecting. both field COil8
In series so tha.t the current will pass
through them in the ·same direction, It
'is obvious that each Is attracting the
N same pole of tbe compass needle, and as
the needle Is at an equal distance from
each, it is alsQ obvious tbat It the attrac-
tive force of each be equal, tbe eompass
5
needle will not be deflected. If, how-
·ever. Qne field coil be stl'Onger than the
'Qther, it will attract tne pole of the.
'needle in its direction. Should tbis be
th\~ case. nlo"Ve the (!Olllpass away from
this field, and toward tbeweaker, until
a neutral point is found, . As the mug-
netic stl'en;.:th of the colls is proportional
to t;he squat't' of the distauec between
thelll mid the cOlUpass, if one coil, when
the nelltt'al poiut is fouud. is twice fiS fal'
from the compal"s as the othet·, t11is ('oil
will be four times as sh'on;.: liS the other.
a nu the neu l'est coil would undoubtedly
be ;;uort-ch'cl.ited ili some of its l:l.\·ers.
Next, cOllnE'et the coils in pal'allcl (Fi;.:_
S) or wnltiple, bllt OIlposillg each other u~
SmGLE CorIES, 10 CENTS_
$1,00 PER YEAR. IN AJ)'I'-A.NCE_ ~
before, and If the neu.tral poInt Is fouIII]
uem'er than the other, the nearer one has'
a hig-her resistance than. the ;)ther,cU:us~d
by a fault~ cC!uncctl?:¥. ~l' br.ok~n wire.
In eonlleetmg' the cotls III multiple care
must be taken tQ make ;;ood connections
between the test wires anl1 the fidd ter-
minals, or the result cannot be depended
lipon, In the fil'!>t e:lse. when they are in
series, II poor c{lnnectionwill not so mll-
.terially alIect the res nlt_
As the magnetiC stl·-engtL. of tile. coil
is proportional to the l'l'oduct of the
number Qf Its tUl'ns multiplied by the
cnrrent passing through it, when the
coils are connected In spries Wig. 3) the
current is the sullie in each, and l~OQ.Se­
flueutly if Qne is stl'onger than the ot·!:lt'r
there mnst be IDOJ'e It\!ti\'c turll;; in it
than in the other, i. e., some of the turns
circuited.
A high resistance cOJlUectit)u in eitilCl'
coil would reduce the Rlli\:lunt otcurrent
passing through the coils equally, und
thus reduce the magnetic strength· of
each equally, .and SQ WQuid not he
shown, the compass needle remllininr,
undeviated.. When the coils are connect-
ed in parallel, however, a connection of
high resistance in Que of tbem will re-
duce the curl'eut passing in that coil and
F.:;_ "
Increase it hi the other, wealienlng the
mal,:netic force of the one and incrf'asing
tJllit of the other, as will be "hown by
the compass needle. . .
If, on the other hand,. with t.he· coil"
conneoctoo in parallel, ·a portion of the
willtiiug of one coil is short-cirellited, the
resistllnce of this coil will be lower, Wid
more current will pass through It than
throug-h the other, so that the pl")duct of
tIle ('Ill'\'l'nt :lUd the number of turns
lIli::bt remain the same,' and their mag-
Iletic f?rce equaL ThiS, of CoUl'8C, would

not be shown by the compass needle. To
milke' sure of .a con, it must be tested
both. In series and in parallel with an-
other. The distance that the coils should
be placed apart in order to give the best
results will vary with the size and shape
of the' :co~ls. Short colls of large area
should be' placed dose together. Longer
coils, of less area, may be placed further
apart. A ,few ,trials will establish, the
distance which giyes the best results for
any particular form of coiL The com-
pass with the field co1is, as will be per-
ceived. is a form of the dHferential gal-
vanometer,'and as the coils are at hand
In the repair shop. all that is needed is a
pocket compass. By designing, a; switch
with which to make changes in the con-.
nections in testing, a, graded scale with
a ,compass to slide on ways back and ,
'forth, and a rack to hold the field coils'
,In their proper position, a very practical
and useful instrument would result.'
The second method of testing field
colis, derived from the first, is stlll more
pract1ca.1. It does Dot necessitate remov-
,log the coil to be tested from the motor,
as does the first method, and for certain
classes of motOl"S gives excellent results.
If !t Is thought tbat a field coil,in a mo-
tor on a car, Is d.efective, cut out the
good motor, leaving the car to ron on the
motor whichllas the defective coil. If
. this motor has tw~ field· coils, say a top
and .bottom coil, disconnect the top coil
and connect the bottom coil, so that the
current wlll pass through it in the reven;e
direction. Go to the controller and turo
on the current, when the motor should
move In the opposite direction from that
for which its reverse lever is set.
The reverse ..lever being. set to go
ahead, CODDect the top field' in series with
the bottom, but in opposition to it; that
is, as it was at' first, so as to move the
car In the. "directlon, for which the lever
18 set. 'Tum on tlle CUl"l'Cut again, and
If the c:l.r should move in one direction or
the other, one field is weaker than the
other~ If the ear should move in the op-
, posite direction from that for which the
reverse lever Is set, the top field is the
weaker: if 10 the direction for which the
'reverse lever Is set, the bottom field is
the weaker, and the wenker iield will be
found 10 "be sbort-eircnitett In its winil-
bigs. If the fields are wout evenly b~l­
anced tbearmature will slowly turn un.-
til It takes up tbe play in the gearing,
unless this be very new and close
mesbed, when there should be little play.
If the armature turns violently and
with considerable force, taking up the
play in the gears witb a clash, there is
considerable dilference in the strength
of the fields, although it may not be
enougb to cause a m<wement of the car.
If in the above test the fields seem to be
in good order, connect them In multiple
alJd. in .opposition so that the weaker field
,will seem-to have' too high resistance.
C'1!"O !!In.!;t bE" t8ken not to keep on tlle
currerit too long when, tbe fields of the
II!olpr are connected in opposition, or to
cut out, too much of the starting resist-
ance. On the other hand, considerable
current Is necessary If one field Is to
('.ause'the care to move, in opposition to
the,other.
A few trials will establish a safe notch
of the- cOntroller as a mn..'"{imum limit or'
sUirtlng resistance to be cut out. . Cart'
must also be taken to see that the
brushes are In their proper pOSition, if
they are not so fixed immovably in th~
design of the motor. Witli much.Ieud giv-
en them and the field coils evenly bal-
TItt' ELECTR!CAL WORKER.
an.ced, the armature will try to turn In
one direction, no matter, whkh way the
I"e.erse lever is tbrown. III vraetic!;',
lL,;ing these last metltods. tlte I\'riter has
known motol's, in which the nellI seemed
all 'light t9 externai appe~rliI!ce, to start
the car otf at' q'ultea Ii.ely pace. By
ta",lng off tbe ai'mature pinion and using
a system of ie'-ers connected to the end
of the armature shaft, l'orce might be
~pi>lied, and meusured accurately by an.
ol'uinary platforw scale, such as is found
ij:boi.Jt any shop., 'roe alJove methods
were used for neady a year, l)art of this
time conjointly with u. bridge; lJy a street
rilllwuy repair foreman at a station
wbere over one hundred motor 'cars were
kept in repair,und it is 11ls experience
that these methods, where :me tests are
made ·with care"ure ',more'reliable than
the tests of the reliistance ot'u field coil
by menns of a bridge. ' by running all the alternators-eih
A,LTERNA.:J:ING UCRRENT PYNA-
J
,'
MOS IN PARALLl!.:L. '
By J .E. WoodbJ,'il1gc.
'l',he advantages tv be galneu by, the
p:u-nllel rUIlliing or alternating current
Ilynamos are just b~innillg to be real-
ized by electrical centml "ta.ion man-
agers. Tile compliclltions c:thsed by the
pl'esent preYaHillg system' of running
each machine on a separate cir.cuit be-
COlUe very serious llDq unDoyint; in the
case of huge stations ,wllere tlJl~t"e are a
large 'number of generators. ~'ltt! nnm-
bel: of circuits increases nece~suril.v
with the number of machines. nnd the
problem of 'properly. Ilit;tributing the
lOads on those.,circuits so thut in the
cvening each generator sball do Its full
share of the work, and yet not be over-
loaded by some unanticipated addition,
IS a. serious one. A (!Omllfomise which
results in poor economy always has to
be made with loads wblch nrc subject
to, sudden changes thnt C:lDnot be fore-
seen in the centra~ -station, such as the-
atre and church loads, etc;
Then constant attendance is neccl!-
s:try, as the load rises and fall~ tllrough
its daily rangeJ to start up the fresh
dynamos as they .nre .needed, antI e:witch
on to them the dift'erent lines; and again,
when -the load " fails, Qft';; to properly
bunch the Ilneson cel"tahi 'dYI;lamos, so
as to keep the macbines. which are run-
ning always as neal' to thelr-oDiost ef-
ficient loads all possihle. .No little in-
genuity is, needed when the 'dynamos in
the house are of vario.ls sizes and ca-
pacities. . When the· conditions :u-e fur~
ther complicated, hl' Thc ,necessity of
giving the longer feeders a higher volt:
age than the shorter ones, the increase
in that voltage being ,proportioned
roughly to the load, the, Switch-board
man hm; no easy joh. Added to rhat is
the necessity of carrying oyer his cir-
cuits as nearly lD!!ttaH::tn~ush flS pos-
sible, to prevent 't60 lung a "wink" in
the lights; and tlle rie:k of acchlentaUy
throwing two machines in multiple by
a. mist/lke in till! munipulation of his
switches. ' yet become prevalent." ,Lal:g"~ lliodclD .
The 'case is worse' than the h:mdling
of ailimilar number of dynamos in par-
aUel, as they are arranged, for exnm-
pIe, in .Edison stati{)us; because in the
latter (!use, all. the {'ircults hcing lUulti-
pl.Y.l, the y~\TiO\lS t1ucmations of the dif-
fp.!'ent individual loads tend to even
rl:\('mselve;; up, und, being smllll in com-
parison 'With the whole mUltlpled load,
give far less trouble. There, is, alsQ,. but
one load to watch'; wIit('ii;':'i('~~li~~ ma-
chines are well desjgnf?d; ~npt()~,t.ic:illy
distl'ibutes itself 'e'f;nly' :aIDotig".'tbem,
whlle on the iudericndenfsyst~~u,:"thcre
are a half dozen or 'll..'dbzeq! "(lifferent
loads, each of whiCh'mUS,e~~;lh9ke~h)Ut
f " ,I' 1:: ,,, ',;
o~he 'winking of lig!its"iti ~\VrtF.ilmg Is
another disadvantngeof: tb~~ j,noepend-
ent method of rumling, aitebl:itol'S:, '1'0
the critical customer;' engag~C\ iii .read-
ing his evening pap,er;<tli-e\siidd¢n'~urk­
ness of two or thr'~e seco~\(is"~,W'iltion
and the jumping ,of the lig4ts;"usthe
grouping of the' ,switche,s, isshnilged,
are great nuisanc~s,' and at):. '.likely 'to
cause SOlDe remarks 'caDCt/rnlng the
comparative steadiiiessOf':the,;WeIlibach
gas burner. " , . ',.- :,'(" :,:',-,,:~,
These disadvantages, ~rcf ~lirti:inatec1
:il, stu-
tion i.n multil)le on one' set of hus-bill'S,
from which all the feeders ai'e tapped
oft', either direct or, in the. case of lon'go
feeders, through adjustable boosting
converters. With such·a':l>Yl'teDl tIle
number of feeders can in niostcasE's be
considerably reduceil,' :\vbich'-IDeails in-
cl'eased economy, ,.as" for ,€xample. two
No. 0000 lines cost"-lessaJi';l giv~ less
trouble than the same alnount ,of cop-
per in eight No. 3 .lilies. Less (-opper,
even, may be used, -by crosS <:I)TlIl.ccling
the feeders, so that.theym::ty jleJ!> t.ll<·h
other out when unequally lo:ttletl.'
Only a few years :ago it was .ronsid-
ered impossible to 'run' "alt~I'u;Hors in
'multiple arc, or, if' .posf;ibh~, ''itot "Olll-
mCl'clally practicable.' In the year' 1889
the new classical experilJlents O'f Mr.
l\Iordey proved the,conti·ury. In these
experiments he cou'pled "'together, two
large alternators 'wlth"out resistance -or
impE'dance coils: "
(1) :When ,running nt the 'same speetls
and voltage, but n';g'ardless ,iiphh'lt'.
(2) When running at the ;·same 'sPeeds,
but generating 1,000 nnd 2,000 \'olts re-
spectively. '
(3) Generating 1,000 and2,O(l()",)lts ns
.before, but switched simliItaIieo'::u;ly to-
gether and on to a' heavy load.
(4) Running at somewhat uiffl'rellt _
speeds. ' .'
In all cases they instantly :pulledeacit
other into synchronous speeds, and illtO
proper voltage and phase relations !Ind
ran tOg'ether on aU loads; prl)vjn~ :lust!-
lutely the ability of at'least one type oi
al!ernating dynamo (th<;! Mordl'y-Brush)
to run multipled unl'ler mOI"ctryhig (IIn-
ditions than do direct CUl"re!l t 1l111chillt!S.
Since then the multiplemethcd af run-
ning alternators bas been g.::nerully
adopted in EUl'ope,' machines tlf d!tf.c'\"-
ent makes and sizes being tllD toge[llCr
in some stations, and iIi on~ place (uept-
ford Station, London), high voltage mll-
chines being multlpled with tiie se(~ouda.­
ries of step-up trUlis:r(;i.·~lt!i;s: tili; pHn; •• -
ries of which are run from loW' \OHllge
machines. ' . .
In this country theparnlIe! working of
alternate current 'niilcbines has Dot flS
installations, such as that at'Kf:,I:,;rira.
are arranged'fol' 'I>iiral1el'~'orkiIiff; but
the large majority of' smtill stations
work their marhities 'entir'el:v independ-
ently. constituting; to thp.it· ,own' 8erlolls
dett'imcnt, what Prot. Fiem'fng c'ails "a
collection of little central,natiolls, 'ar-
I"Hnged for the s:tke 'of coilveni('ncl~ un-
der one 1"oof." '

The,eI\ghi~rs of such plants have the
Idea that alternatir.g dynamos must bc
8pe(;iillyJllilde for multill!.! working.
The'best readytel'lt of the ability of auy-
twomach1nes· to work tog\!tt.cr is to run
,ODe 'of' thl'm as' at;ynchroIlollS ruol!Jr
from' the other. If!t holds up to "pee.l
under a complete MInge of lonus wj.,h-
out~xces8ive currt'l1t pas,dng ialld n.llst
g09d -DlllchiJIes of the slIue fr.equeucy
wtll do so} the ,two will run together as
dynamoli if properly driven. '.rhls cnn-
dition us to the mode ilf driving Is more
exactiD.g tlmn ,,;ith: direct current ma-
chines; as two alternflhll"S, when
Bwit~hed ,together, must keep the £.ame
speed. ",ith as great Il mathemlltical ac-
curacy as though their armatm'es were
keyed to the BIIme sbaft. Working wi,tIl
this premise and til~ natll~l~ of. lunticll-
lar tYpes'of driving machinel'Y, tht'!
writer hnsderiyed the treatm£'ut dt!-
scribed beloW, which seems to work well
In pracUCl'. .
'l'bree cases preseut themseln's ,in
common American usage, viz., multl-
pUng two macblnes:
(1);'Where botb aredrlvcll by the same
engine :,or countershaft.
(2) Driven by seplll'ntl} engines. tbel"e
being no other loads (00 either of tho!'e
enginl's.
(3) Drlv('.D by s~parnte engines, one or
both. of which supplies power to other
loads.' , lmown to the writer.
In the last case :l()attempt had better
be m~de to mnitillie the alternutors,un-
less tl,ley ("Onstitllte alnlost the entire
engine loads, or unless the fitlwr 10al1s
on t~e two en~inesa~ also multll'led,
as, for example, ·two oOO-volt generators
nmning in 'parallel. The trcanUtmt be-
com~s then the same ns Ilndt~I' case (2).
In the first case, that Is where the two
genel'ators are' driven from the S:llne
source of power 'by septlrat.e lI£.1t:3, the
essential features for u proper dh"ision
of the load are, first,$uch a diameter of
the best pulleys as to give hoth dyna-
mos the IilDme fr(·quency \vh~n ruuning
Ught; and, second, such nn arrangement
that the sUp of one belt shnll be the
same as that of the other llt any load.
If the condition does not comply with
these reqUirements, the dynamo, the
belt .of whieb slips the more, will sliirl;:
Its work. as the load riaes, lUakiug the
other machine do more than Its just
share. In direct. current working; differ-
ences in belt slip arc very simply' rmue-
died by iDcreasing the 11el<1 excitation
of the machine with the greuter slip,
thus making it take Ul) its I!hure fJf the
load; 'but with thl~ aitl!rn:lto:' this dot-s
no good. but makes things worse. :r uny-
thing. If the two machiues synchronize
exactly when Jlgilt,lIud one belt silps as
much' on fifty kilowatts a>J the other
does.'on 100 kilowatts, the lil'st ma-
chWe, will takt: !Jl.ily· one·jltllf as much
load as the second. when in pan'alel, no
muter what tlnkel'illg is 4,1Re with tl~
fields, the armatnre circuits, or tl~ Iliad.
If the fields of the shirking ruacltinc nrc
strengthened, the lllachines are thrown
oot of phru;e with each other, 1hou~h
not out of Byneh!·onism. '.rhis generates
Idle cill'rents in ·series tbrou~h the two
machinp.s, which' heat up the al"1natur'~s,
and reduce their capacity for currying
external londs. '
This running out of phase by n1ea1l8
of Idlc currents makes the inrlic:niolls
of tbe lllaehine ammaters very tll!('eiy-
lng, as under certain (!onditiolls the ma-
THE ELECTRICAL WORKER.
chine showing'the greater cui'rent IDa,y'
be doing th~ lesser work, :md II machine
may be even motoring, tbat is, taking
power from the other machIne by wire
and returning it via the Ui!its, without
showing it on the amnwt'pl". For this
reason an indicating (not a "ecording)
wattmeter shflnld h~ usell 011 eaell u,a-
chine in addition toth~ machine t mme-
ter. ',,' ',.
This description of the effed of the
slip shows that a turn or two of the belt
tighteners should hav,~ a much more
beneficial eft'ect iu adjuiltlng the rf~Ja­
tive loads between tlll' mncitines than
any amount of manipulation of the fiE-Iii'
rheostats; and shows also why a <:It':ln
lIelt should be rnn wlt!t more slack than
an oily one, etc., in multiple work. Tbe
same theory probably explains abll.' why
more success has bet.>l1 a·ttained in ~u·
rope than here in sue\) work, owing to
the use there of rope .ld,·ing; siIl('e rope
driv~s with alltolllutic tigilteners are
more like each other intb ..ll· slippage
than m'e belts, which nll'y with :Ige,
quallty of leather, amollnt of oil, water.
dressing, etc. By the !'ame reasoninr;
leather link helts shouJd run lletter in
such service than solid beltiul;t, because
the comp;trative tensioll of two illlk
helts can be more relldily C!'Jti!Il:ltcd l,y
the eye than can that of two solid belts.
'Vhether this is 01' is 'lot the cuse is un-
'
All that has been saUl allout belts
must be understood to apply only where
the machines al'e drin!U it'om the smile
SOUl'ce of mechanical powcr. In the
secontl casespecifi~d above, wlu;re 8(,P-
m'ate prime mot'ers <It'ive l,hetwo gen-
erators, the treatment Is fluit .. different.
Here the got'crnot·s of th~ driving" en-
gines playa vitally importunt part. Not
only must tIle engines drive the dyna-
mos at the !!ame frpquenc~' with great
precision when light, hut the drop ..in
fl'equ~ncy must be, the same in botlJ
dynamos at any load, tlmt ill. the drop
due to the ~overniug of on~ engine, pIns
the slip of Its belt, must equal at any
~ ~---------.;-----------
, governors; the dl'op of one with 100 kil-
~R.:~
.. R:
0) ~----------,--
<-/(.w'LtI"/:I--¥
FIC. I.
load the drop and slip of lile other at
the same load. If this is the case wllt're
the machines are independently ntn,
they will divide thn loads equaliy When
run in parallel, whethm· (If tile :>arue or
different make, style and type. If this
is not the case, the londs will not be
equally divilled, no matter what is done
with tlle field rheostats or any other
part ,of the electrical cit·cuita.
It is true that the relatiy-~ curr.:onts flf
the two maehines llIay be varied hy
ciIan:;?:ing the field excitation; but the di-
yision of the load. as shown hy iudl-
eating 'ivattmeters, i~ not IUllterially
dl:1nged thereby, until .be field t'x(;ita-
tions are unbalanced slltfieicntly to
break the !'ynchl"Onism. This is owing
to the fact thai the r0Iati"1} loads de-
pend Rolely on the relative cut-uffs I}f
the two units when running at tbe !"aml::
ll}leed. '-
In l"lmnillg two unitR of difi'ermlt fiz(~s
together, their governors !.hould be sn
arranged as' to slow them both doWn the
same percentage at an:r lINllortional
part of their respective rntf!d loads.' For
pxample, in arranglnl;" a lOO·I,Howatt
aud a 5UO-kilowatt generate.:.' for paralicl
running, the governin;,l' drop in tlle first
8houlll be the same with u load of. 25-
kilowatt as In the second with 1?5-kilu·
watt, also as much In tile Hrst with 50-
kilowatt as In the second with 250, mId
so on. Under this con(titioll, aull cniy
under this condition, will the two uuits
in multiple dlYide thefr loads properly.
If the smaller unit is helt connected
and the larger direct connected, the slip
of the belt must be adrlt.>rl to the govern-
ing dl'op of the former before the COlll-
parison is mnde.
Strange as It may St.>2ID. . the more
poorly the governors w(,.I" in the !'lellst!
of slowing down as the loall illcrcases.
the more uniform bcp.omeH lhEl distribu-
tion of the loads. l.'hls may ht~ i'p:ilizcll,
by plotting together the speer} regula·
tion cur,"es of two engines, ussliming u
I.
I
~ ~~.so__~I~I~--~~--~--""'
:tL____ __ 1'S" I()Q'
FIG. 2.
small unavoidabl,e dlffercllce in 'speed.
lrig. 1 is such a diagrnill for ;\ puir of
direct connected alternatin~ steam dy·
n:unos of the same size. It may be secli
tllat they run at the same tlpeed 1,11)0
ret's.) when light; but reguhlt~ poorly
and somewhat dift'erelltl~·, :1. h .l:!eing the
curve of one machine and a c that or
the other. 'Vhen the lllncilinesare inde-
pendently loaded with 100 ~ilo"'atts
ea'ch, the curt'es show that the fil'st
loses about I) per cent of its speed, :Hld
the second about 11 pel; cent. ,
Fig. 2 aSSllIllI'S the U;;I! .)f 1. \'\'0 g(;"i~r'n­
ors with the snme el}l1nlity ut 'z~\"o load
and the s,lme difference at high loads,
but shows better r:egulatloll -for \loth
owatts being 1. per cent and that of the
other 3 per cent.
Let us assume that the two machillp.s
represented in Fig. 1 sre lIIultlple(1 with
each other, also the pair In l"ig. 2 with
each other. Assume a loud of 200 kilo-
watts to be applied to' ench puir, of
units. In the ('ase of Fig. 1, It Is ap-
parent that the two m:l.Chines, run at
the same sr,eed (about Uf) re";;:.1 wilen
cauying respecth"ely about no und 110
kilowatts, the Intersectioll'3 (tar.rl b) of
the hori7.ontal90-rev. line beinl.!:. rCl-'I,ec-
tively, at those 100\(ls. As the speeils of
the machines must, be cxuctl,Y the same
when in multiple, and as the k1l0wn,1t
power exerted by either unit depends
solely on the position Qf iti! ~<)\'i!l"oor,
the 200 kilowatts will be di rlded nl?-
tWf't.>n the g-enerators in 'tlUlt 11l·O}lOI·Uon.
The action of a governor. a", far 3S
the relation of the point of cut-clff to
the speed is concerned, Is of cl)l1I'spth'~
!;ame, whether its dynamo Ii> Incll-penll-
cut or multi pled. In the case or. Fig. 2
with better regulation. the uillgl"U1ll
!'hows that the two en:;?:ines l"'tn !'yn·
chronously when deliverill:;?:, rf:::pectl'l"e"
It'. about 70 and 130 kiIowntts. 'lllis
iiveR obviously a poorer distribution be·
muse of the'bettcr regulation, A litHe
inspection of the figures will show that
 4 THE ELECTRICAL WORKER.
the multIpliDg of one of tbe machincs
represented in Fig. 1, with c!tber of
· those l'epresented in II'lg. 2, would ~Ivl'
a much worse load division, the latter
machine doing almost all the work at·
anY load.
· In Fig. 3 is shown the Cllse . of two
governors that do not tluite run together
· at IDlY 'load,1he ·regnlation .eurresbe.Ing
slmUar but d1Jfering from eacil otber
for an loads by about 1 per cent. While
the work will be .divided fairly well at
· bleh 1o&ds, as is shown by a speed of
D7 revolutions for· 92 and 108 kilowntts,
respectlvely, one engine will cut-off :it
the very beginning of~the stroke, wlae
the other is carrying 00 kilowatts. 'j he
first engine then acts as a brake and its
· dYnamo as a motor. If the 'ntcr:l!il
~ of the engine IJnd dynamo are ]2
k1Iowatts, the slower will absorb this
amount from the faster, and the output
from the pair wlll be 48 kilowutts. Wltll
atmospheric exhaust and Borne valve
mechanisms the engine <,ylindel' be-
comes an air-pump as the cut·off :Jp-
proaches zero of the stroke, absorbillg
II. large amount C" ~wer. 'Phis c..<:plains
~
~ ..,.
I membership. This, in most instances,
~ I
I ..
a I
.. ,
I
~5" $'0 7S"
• ·IG. 3' •
why, as has been found, !!:ome machInes
run wep togc.th~r wbentoatled, but get
Into trouble whim ·Ught.
The phenomena,. ·mustratt!Ci in '.hes"
.ficures are ~odl1led ' somewhat wben
belt driven units are used instead of di-
rect connectecl' unitS.· Tbe mOllification
is causecI by the. sUp of tAle belts, which,
being approximately (lrf)llllrtiOlUll tf) the
IOad,'vlrtually increases the downward
inclination of the regulation clll',-es,
since' these curves are lrit~ndl>d to ex-
~~ the' sP.eed regulation at til\! \lyna-
010 shaf~ In accordance Wifh the the-
017.gi¥.eD .JlbDl".e, belt di'i ven .:dtcrnntors
should therefore multjple bettt'r tllan
direct driven, other things remaining the
same.
ELECTRIC RAILWAi SERVICE IN
WESTERN CHICAGO SUBURBS_
. The Suburban Railroad Company,
which leased the Harlem branch of the
Chicago and Northern Pacific last fall,
is urging forward the work of changing
the' line into· an overhead trolley line.
This road is operated by Naugle, Hol-
comb & Co_, the construction company
which is installing the electrical equip-
J;Dent, and. this company will operate the
l1ne for two years. The overhead trol-
ley wire is all strung, and 24 of the .new
cars to, be used are built and ready for
the ralls. In a short tinle the power
bouse, which stands at the corner of
Harlem avenue and West Twenty-sec-
ond IItreet, in Cicero, will be finished,
with . nll Its machinery Installed, and
the electric suburban service will be
pu~ln operation about June 1. Thc
Suburban Railroad Company will lease
a ~'ozen light passenger curs from the
Chicago and Northern Pucitic :tn<1 use
them as part of. the equipment of the
road. The company is building branch
lines to Berwyn, Riverside and I..n
Grange, and .has in 'contemplatIon IIneli
to otber tuwns. The Harlem ·branch
formerly WI!S the old Chicago, Harlem
and Batl1v·iu. dummy liul!. At F.ortieth
street and Colorado. avenue the 1\1etro-
pulittlo. F.lev:Jted road, crosses the new
electric Hne, and tht:. trains of tlle Suu-
urban complllJY >wil! climtJ up to The "L"
grade on ali incllned· pia'Je. All tile mo-
tor cars wlll be fitted for hoib the over-
head troiiey and Uiird-rull sy"tems. they
will' be able tocowc: over t~e lletropoli·
tan track!! to the Vnion Lllop. It is prob-
able that pussensers from all pOintR
west of the eley:ated JermiLuil ,will pay
7 cents for the ride tlu'ough tco..the busi-
ness center. . . since 1893 large numbers of workingmen
A. J.ARGE. TELEGRAPH' SYS·l'EM.
SUperintendent :Charles Selnell of the
B •. &0. Telegraph Raid the other day
that the Ilverage'>·n1,lmber ·of lUt!S!!3.~eS
handled every. day ~n th~· B. &. O. 8yt;-
tem was· 53,000;' :exclusive 'ot train or-
ders. The B. &0_ h~s 22,252 miles of
telegraph wire, of which they use 7,240
for company's business antI tile l.lalance
i~ leased to the .Western Union. Thel"e
are 384 telegraph offl!!es ('ID tbe linE'. of
- which 234 are reportin~ Westel'u Union
offices. Mr. Selden employ,; in his tIe-
partment 700 men; exclusive oi.linemen.
, ~
t ..
He also has charge of the hlock signal
offices, which east of,the Ohio River av-
I
I
I.
I
I
erage one to cvel'ysi~ miles. Tbe ser-
vice of th~ company's plant is consider-
I
ably augmented.·by ..the us~of Eleveral
,- multiplex systems.
. .A.N'ACONDABOYS ALL RIGHT.
. Editor Electrical WOl;ker.
As I have been roasted in the last
three iS8ueil of the Electrlcill Worker, 1
take this opportunity of vindicating my·
self and hope these ,few lines wI)) be
published. Your honOI'ed Press Secre-
tary of No. (j;,)hus on several occasions
said he wished I would fall ill line and
jOin No. 65. I would like to state for his
benefit and other locals, that I was one
of the charter members of ~o. 57 and was
one of Its' niost em'nest workers until the
panic came, ana I. like se,eral othf'rs,
was comlll~lled to "hit the road," In elec-
tric parlancc, and cam!' north ann talked
Union until I was tired, and. then came
here. 'Mr,· Sullivan received a lettel'
fl'om Mr;-J. T. Kelly Ilskin~ bim to try
and start a Union. "'e al'e very much
in favor of a Union in this city, J.,ut there
are not men enough at work in the city
to hold a charter. 'l'hel'efore, we will all
join No. 6.5, lind iil fact all the men in
our· employ here with very few el.:cep-
tions have not joined because they don'.t
want to, but because they cannot get a
InY-<lff; but I hope before ~ext issue of
yOUl' va.)uilble paper that all, including
myself, will. have -Lecome good 16 c. p,
lamps, ·with no short circuits in them.
~ly only reason tor not joining before,
was this: I have been a mcmber of old
No_ 57 and learning a short time ago tbat
the Union was broken up and a ncw
charter issued.! take It that I l'Ould only
join as a new member, or would I have
to pay back dues and to whom would I
have to pay-the Grand Lodge or Local
No; 57-and thell get a transfer to Local
No. 65? Advise me at your earliest con-
veniellce. - retained their membership in the' un·
Now, I would like to say something for
the oenefit of all members ot Local No.
05. 11. bas come to my e:l.rs that a cer-
tain member of that Local has broken
one oi the by-laws, namely Art. V. Sec.
.[May
4. It would be well for our honorable
Press Secretary of No. '65 to look into
tbis matter as soon as possible. A card'
uddressed to me will find a very willing
reply.
. Hoping to see my name in print and
good wishes for the future' welfare of
the N. B. E. W., I remain. respectfully
yOUl'S, E. M. DE MERS_
Anaconda~ Mont., care Light Co. '., .
OnGAXIZA'rlO~, HIGH DUES AND SUC-
CESS.
During the Industrial 'crisis andsta~­
nation with which' we were. visited
lost their employm!'nt and'mariy'of
them fe~l by the wayside, dropped. their
~embership in the unions of their trade,
This Is not surprising in such cases, par-
ticularly where the unions, by reason of.
the short sightedness of their member-
ship, failed during periods of compara-
U\"e activity in trade to provide· the
means in the unions by which the mem-
bers might; even to a degree, be sus-
tained during dull seasons. .
But there were other 'workmen who re-
mained in employment and who, too; al-
lowed themselves to become in arrears
in their unions, and finally 10llt their
was the l'esult of the most benighted
ignorance, resting upon the belief that
the few paltry cents which would other-
wise ha-ve been contributed in the shape
of dues to the ca\1se, were saved to the
worker or the workers' families .
The events which have followed this
loss of membersbip Is sure.to have its
influence .in perhaps shaping the <;oui'se
of workers in the· future. There is
scarcely an industry In nns iocality
'wh!'l'!' the workingmen have itllow'{'d
their unions to go to the wall where they
have not been visited with reductions of
wages so frequent and farreachhlg as
to have almost staggered them, nnd now
bringing them to a realization of their
own folly. .
We have frequently undertaken aidn-
vestlgation among the ofticers of the ,'a-
rious Unions, from 'whom we have ob-
tained authentic statements showing
that In no centers where the working·
men have maintained their- organiza-
tions ha'-e they suffered reductions 'in
wages, and wherever the organizations
have been maintained, more thorough
and complete in themselves, not only
have reductions been ausolutely pre-
vented, but In many Instan·ces·· have
there been improvements in fheshupe
of ,,-ages and other concession!! to the
workers, the existence' of the crisis to
the contrary notwithstanding.
It is a peculiar mode of reasoning tha.t
some workers will persist in, tbntis if
it may be termed ren'son, when they im-
agine that there Is a saving of money to
tilem by Ce1i.&ing tlieir meuibCi:ship 'in
the organizations. of labor. While it'ii';
tl-ue that tile expenditure made In the
payment of dues is direct, yet reduction!>
prevented and other obnoxious condi·
tions warded oil' have ou~welghed and
oyerbalanced the payments .in dues· a
thousandfold. '
As we are emerging from this Indus-
trial stagnation the workers who hnve
ions arc now on the allirt and prepar·
ing to take ad,-ilDtage of the opportuni-
ties presented for the purpose of becom·
ing iarger sharers in the product of their
labor; ill other words, are preparing to
 May]
secure a, better, return as a reward ,for
theIr labor, while on the other hand,
those workIngmen who severed their
connection with t.beir unrons not only
sulfered the reductions, but are losing
valuable time in reorganizing, which ob-
viously would not have been necessary.
A union dissolved breeds a lack of con-
fidence among tbe former' memhers in
themselves and in each other, and im-
presses many of them with a belief of
their own impotency to either defend
themselves or to make any practical
progress. Within the past few months
II. revival of spirit among the workers
of the country Is manifest; 8. desire is
awakened for organization. The worlt-
ers are realizing that without organiza-
tion there is no hope for them either to
maintain -their present economic and Sf)-
Ctalposition, their manhood or their in- '
dependence. More' than likely tbe growth
of organization in the near future will
tal' outstretch any previous period, It is
iI. most interesting spectacle to see the
large number of inquiries made, the
yearning appeals that are expressed,
for organization and for unity of action
among the workers in order to secure
more advantageous conditions of labor.
From all reports of officers a,nd organ-
izers and, sympathizers of our movement
it Is evident that we shall soon witness a
more complete organization of the wage
workers of tbecountry than we have
ever had in any previous history.
With this revival of feeling among the
workers of America the hope is sincere-
ly entertained that the experience of the
past will prove an interesting and bene-
ficent lesson, Organizations of labor are
not built simply to be crafts upon the
ocean of the industrial struggle that
they may be wafted along by fair prom-
Ises and carried along ul>on the crest of
trade activity, Our crafts must be thor-
, ough sea-going, and be enabled to with-
,stand the wlnter~s blasts and the equin-
oxtial stornls incident to our false eco-
nomic conditions, They must be pre-
pared to weather all kinds of seas on
the bosom of industl'ial Ilfe, and to con-
tend for their position in deft>nse of the
laborer's right, and to plow through the
waves of opposition to secure the toll-
er's advance, the worker's amelloration
and the laborer's emancipation,
The past bas proven that only such
un tons of labor which are founded upon
the basis of high dues are capable of
withstanding real and bitter opposition
and antagonism, and be the stanch de-
fendel'S and protectors of the workers,
It may be true that unions based upon
this practical principle and pollcy may
not experience a marvelolls,' rapid
growth, yet it may be more il'uly said
that they do not experience the decline
or the withering process, as do the un,
!onR which, are built upon the ';Chenp
John,", low-dues idea, wbich grow like
mushrooms in the night, aDtI die for
iack ,of that sustenance so necessary to
their existence,
,A union to 'which worl;:ers, cith~r
through ignorance or other cause, refm:e '
to pay a fairly high (lues cannot be ex-
llectro to exert a vnst influence in se-
(:l1.ring eon(,essiolls or making iIDprOYC-
ments, 01', indt>t'd, taking up in an elfec-
tin' "'a" tTle Ilattlcl'l of lahor. '!'he un-
ions of inhor haye no magical. mYl'tical
l'l'~loIIS frolll whieh lan.re 01' r\('h h'NIS'
nt'es (:an he tlrnwlI; tIwre is hnt one wa:~'
In whidl the nnions {':tn (·\'l'ate n large
'fund whicb shall Rtaml tl((,1II in ;:tenll at.
THE ELECTRICAL WORKER.
any and nU times to \>e a bulwark for
their sat~i:§i:t1ii?ird~fense aila tIi~ir prt.-
tection; tbat ,vay is by the members con, '
tributing fairly high dues:
It Is a Dotewort1!y fact that those
workers'.>ih~) fail to contribute lair dues
to the uiiioris are th9se to ery out loud-
est in their demands for fihilncial sup-
port when -the trials -incident to 'tbe la-
bor cause are forced upon' them; who,
when the funds are not forthcoming at
their beck or call, are the first and loud-
est In their denunciation of the "inem-
ciency of the union,"
The time has come when plain speak-
ing Is ne<.'essary" The time is at hand
when the workel;sflre about to reorgan-
Ize, There are ,large numbers, too, who
havE'! nevp.r bliforli',beenln thB crganlza-
tions, They, ::to();~:l:lhould be reminded
that to avoid tlie errors of the past is an
exhibition'oftbe greatest wisdom; The
most potent manner in which past er-
rors can be rectified, the errors which
haye wrecked most organizations, is the
fact that the workers ha-.c In too many
instances faIled to realize .that the most
tangible help Is mutual help, and that
mutual help can only come when each
will contribute a fair ,share towards pro-
viding the means with which the Inter-
ests of each and all may be furthered
and protected,
We trust' that the workerS in their
efforts to reorganize will not fall to ap-
pl'eciate the adylce gained by years of
obsen-ation, the result of many bitter
experiences in the movement to secure
to the laborer his just reward-his just
rights,
It is a mistake often made by those
who start organizations of labor when
they defer until a future time the Incul-
cation of the payment of a fair dues to
the union, We ha'nj' often been met by
the statement that the union is small
now, that they woWd have the dues
high but that they prefer to walt until
a larger membership is obtained and
then to raise the dues, As a matter of
fact when unions are organized upon the
basis of low dues-it is most difficult to
secure an increase In them whe.n their
membership has become larger, On the
other hand when the right start is made
less difficulty is experienced in this di-
rection, Workers in the union of tabor
having paid a comparatively high dues
l'ealize the advantages which have ac-
el'ued therefrom, and more 'readily as-
sent to the increase In their dues not
only in tbe hope, but with the assurance, '
that the advantages will be more than
('ommensurate,
When a right start Is 'made it is easier
to progress along that line, while again
",111m unions are organizing upon the
hasis of low dues a large membership
llIay t.e sect~rrd In a ul'lt>f p~1'iod, when,
liS a rule, they usuallY overestimate their
'owustrcHl'tli and l.mdel'cstimate that of
theil' tll'1I0nents, and are loath to p:-ive
E'!ven a second's considl'l':ltion to a prop-
osition of increasing theil' contributions,
'Vht>n a contest is met, when it is too
late to l'emel1y the defect, the organi:m-
tlon is incapahle of lUaldng the battIe
thnt was t'xpectet1; th<>.~' lose confidl'llCe
in It and respect for it anfl It becomes
IUf'rupted, And when the IInion Is goone
tJ\(~.Y ha-.e rt>alized thl'll' "1'1'01' all!!, are
ftl('('ell down. df)"'II, down, ulltil oCtt'n
theil' hopcs nr(' flt'l'ItI'o~'<'tl alltl r('\'i\'al In
<Il'g-:lIIillatlon fl't'{lt1t'ntl~' UII impossibility,
With the lIew hupetW! which the 1I\0ve-
5-
ment is about to receive we again Im-
press' upon the minds of our workers
and all friends who may come In contact
with them tbat they should start rIght,'
organize completely and thoroughly, but,
pray, avoid buIlding upon quicksan9s;
build upon tbe basis of high dues, the
rock of adamant, and fluctuations in the
rise 'and fall of llnions wlll grow beauti-
fully lesl!, the movement will receive a
new impetus of strength and grandeur,
greater self-reliance and mutual inter-
dependence will be felt and the day for
labor's dlsenthralment will be, nearer
and brighter,-Sam'l Gompers in Ameri-
can Federationist,
SUSPENDED.
Union No.1, of St~ Louis, has supended
James Runkle for receiving $6,00 on ap-
plication of C,M, Happs at Keokuk, la"
a1ld appropriating money to his own use.
It is saId he spent the ~oney on "booze,"
"BOB."
He just came along one day
And struck the boss for 8. job;
He said he had climbed out St, LQuis
way;
His name? ,..Why, it was Bob,
r can't say he was mucu OIi religion,
},'or he could cuss as linemen can;
But he were kind and gentle like,
And talked up square, like a man.
He waS a tall and lanky fellow, '
As spry as a cat on n. pole;
Alwnys did his share of the wcrk,
A kind-hearted, willing soul. ,
"Where is he?", you ask;' he's dead,
Got killed by au engine one day;
"How?" I'll tell you~, You see
'Twas in '96, the 19th of liay,
We were stringing a line to 'Ch'iCago,
And working in Erie that day,
Alongside the Nickle Plate road-
We followed It up aU the way.
All the gang were up in the wires,
Working as bm:y as bees,
When Bob, looking round for the boss,
A kid on the track he sees,
A bright little golden-haIred youngster,
Some mother's sweet darling child,
'Vithout fear of the danger approach-
ing-
An engine, a-tearing like wild,
But Bob, he saw in an Instant
The kid, and the engine's advance,
He let go and dropped-damn me, strang-
er-
He took a most horrlblf: chance,
Well, he lit on his feet, and started
On it run for that golden-haired child,
Dashed oyer the track and ;:mbbed it-
But he stumbled, and fell with a smile,
He threw the kid out of dangel',
As the wheels passed over p001~ Boli!
They crushed out his life in un Instant,
A good man was gone from his job,
.-\. hem you say Ite ',,'erc one,
That wonld do whnt lanky Boh did;
They nre few and fur bt>t\v('eu, stl'fill;.!er.
Who woulll give up theil' life for n
kid. i.
ETI,
 ..
. OFPIClAL JOt1Jl1O'AL 011' THB
NATIONAL. BROTHERHOOD OF ELECTRICAL
. WORKERS.
~UBLISHED MONTHLY.
J. T. KELLY, Publisher and Editor, dentS wbohuve .. taken 'cou~ses In the.
904 Olive Street, St. Louis, Mo.
'&NTC.&. AT THE .. o.~mc& AT· .f. LOU' •• MO •• .. a
• •~~ftO .. CLA_ .-_.~&".
.4.
., . EXECUTIVE BOARD.
:11. W. SHERMAN. GJlAln) PREsIDBNT,
.. 1 Bauer PI!lc:e. Rochester. N. Y.
]. T. KELLY, GIlAI<D SBCIlETAIlV.
. . 904 Olive Street. St. Louis, Mo.
. JOHN HISSERICH. GRAND TIlEASUREIl,
l8Z7 N. Twenty·second St., St. Louis. Mo.
F.J:ROTH,
1041 ~leJ Street. Atchisou. Kas•
. .J. H. MAI;ONEY,
Care WaleI'D Uuion Tel. Co .. Laredo. Ta.
. P. H. WISSINGER ,
'141 W. Fayette Street. Baltimore. Md.
8. COLVIN, . out-rival the famoUs VeiledPl'ophet pa"
: 2S8 I,illcom Street. Allston. Mass.
- A. F. IRWIN,
425 Geary Street. San Franc:isc:o, Cal.
. &U • • CIIIP'TION. SLOO PEl! YEAI! IN ADVANCE.
AS Tim ELEC:TIlICAr. WOllltER reaches the m.,u
who do the work and r<ocommend or order the
material. Its ".tue as an 'advertiSilia- 'medium CAn
.be readily appreciate!1.
St. Louis, Mo., May, 1897.
W. N. GATES: - 'SP~ ADVEIlTISING AGENT,
, 29 Ihiclld Av~nue, CLEVELAl'm. OUIO.
Press Secretaries should remember
that ietters to the "Worker" should reach
this ofiice not later than the 25th ot the
month to insure publication in. the next
issue.
The 'Machinlsts -and Musicians are In
convention In Kansas City this week. A
good combination for noise. Let us hope
their deliberations will be productive of
good to their respective organizations.
St. Louis, Detroit and Cleveland re-,
port decided progress In the way of rec-
ogDifion this month. Let us hear from
otber cities.. The officers of No. 9 seem
to have all moved to Detroit. What Is
No. 9's loss Is No. 17's gain. but we hope
thcre is' brain enough left In No. 9 to
navigate It safely In the absence of the
captain, mates, and ,a large part of the
crew.
. 'We receive a n~mber of complaints"
from members who do not receive tbe
"'Vorker". regularly, but as a genernl
t.hing' In' making these complaints tbey
neglect to give their nddl·ess. Our rend-
ersshould remember that if we have
their correct addl·ess. tbey will receive
.the "Worker;' and the ,faet tbat they do
not receive it is sufficient proof that, our
miming address is not correct.
THE EL~cTRICAL WORKER. -
Mrs. lsat.~lla Cunuingham, Holyoke,
Cole.• Is vcry amtimli! to b~:lr. .from hel'
SOll. Charles L. Cunningha,ni. . He hIlS
been in Pbiladelphiu, L!tt1r. Rock, St.
Louis and other cities. alltl:'bce:l in tbe
Union in tbe:tnree cities named .. He was
in 'St. Louis . last summer.: Ari~'.· one
knowing bis whereabouts will co~ifer a
fayor onhls mother 'by a(}nresSing ber
at Hofyoke, Colo. ':.
The inst I~~ne . -of> uSelf..Help/"· ..pub..
'llsbed",by the lutel'flationlll, Conespond-
ence Schools, of Scranton, Pa." cIJntains
a tabulated statement of over 15,000 stu-
schools. Of these.·1,3i6 h:lV:e takell one
of ',the .courses in electricity,and iuclude
men lri'/il.llbranc4es of the ti1l~p.,from
the" supermtendent or generaL ,Il~anagel'
of :t)le, plant,' 'down to ,the .dyn:ullo ten-
.der.:and lamp
~.'",,:,.
trimmer. . .'
-----~--
The Earis of Electra. :l'new mystic so-
deb" r Which will. ta~ethe plnce 'of King
Hotu (the, Funny Fe!low8) will make its
first :wpeal~nc~ lii~t. Louis October 1st.
As the name indicates. electricity wHl be
the. main 'fel!.tUre 'Ot the 'pageant of the
Earls of' Electi'n; 'whic'll it il; said., will
rade, and shOUld give consifierable, work
to electrical. workers durmg the'immmer
months." , '. /' ,:~. '" '.
.'"c' . .~ ..-'
No. is should' Wat.e up.W~ ::Ire In-
formed that'the Chicago Insulating Co.
is doing work for the i)letropolltau,Street
Railway <;~. of Knnslls City. paying the
mui:tificen~ w:ages .of $1.2~" ,$l.50 and
$1.75 for linenien~ foremen aiidexperts,
andtJ:.atwageswitll~*he telephone, com-
pani is on.a pD.l<wlth tbls.. ·W~en No.
18 had .139 members In- good 'stamllng, as
it dtd in 1803. 'conditions were, different
in Kansas':Cit~: .. " ' , ..
':-
Mr. John'T. M~Don')t1gh;'Co~mlsslon­
er of the New, York Bure.1U,of· Labor
Statistics, has Issued a blimk to be filled
out by lr..bor organizations In the:State
of. New York, givIng statistics. in regards
to· wages, hours of work, number of
members' unemployed. etc... i Tbese sta-
tlsUcswiUbe gathered quarterly, and
at the end, ot the year published in the
annual report.of the. Bureau. Unions
should be prompt in giving' the dL>&ired
Information, as sufficient' attentIon hall
not been J)'.l!d to labor statistIcs by our
Unions. This effort of the Burean to se-
cure reliable statistics Is ,indorsed by
Daniel' Harris, President of the New
York 'State ,branch 'ot the A. F .. of L.,
nnd W. J. O'Brien, President New York
State Workingnlen's .~ssemNy.
. :..
:-'.
OnlY"~li~onthS Until our next bie~­
niet com"enti.on . m~ts. Whut lessons
have we learned during the past two
yeal'S of dt'presslon"that we,cim' profit
by, and use our 'experience at the next
conventlo.n In.so amending,our Ia:ws that
we will be better prepared: ft;lr such
emergencies ~n the future? "'mIld not
a financial. system similAr to thnt of the
cignl'makers lle a gllod thill~ for the eIec-
t:'!CI\! workers to AnOr.t? C:ln. m~mber;;
who workffi Sh~IHliiy. duriu!! tl1epast two
yeal'l'1, while brother" wert'! li"lng on,one
ml'al a day, ,~xpect thlsineqlUllity to
C')Iltioue? 'In other wortls, should we
not have .an out-of-Wl,'tk bC1;lefit1'
[May
Our Press Secretaries can weo afford
to dispense With. a little local gossip dur-
ing the coming months, and discuss
economic pOlicies wbich, sboWd.~ be con"
sidered at our nextconv:ention.
THE UNION LABEl.. '
The great ,pUblic, whlch!s: In-- trade
unions knows much about union' labels,
and their eft'ectiveness iii strengthening
labor organizations and Impr.o.v.ing' the
condition of the laborer. But .the larger
public outside the trades unions, par-
ticularly the "up-town" public, knows
nothing about It, probably· has never
heard. of the union label. .' ,
It was to enlighten 11.' portion Dr this
public that the Social Reform' Club in-
vited John Graham Brooks to .speak be-
fore its members last week. During tbe
past, year Mr. Br.ooks has devoted- con-,
s!derable time to the investigatiOn of tl;le
union label question, and spoke in part
as follows: .
"The trade union is here as the trust
is here-with tlie change of, methods· of
production-and it is as justifiable' as a.
chw'cli or an oak or any,otb.er fact·tbat
Is. The trades union is necessary. It,
w1ll need to be stronger in ,the future
and all fair-minded people shOuld stand
for it. The union label is a. tag which
unionists put on goods to ~'ly to the
buyer, these goods were made. under
unionist conditions. So tal' it has 'been
a weapon' to fight with, a means to
strengthen the union rather than to 'Im~
prove conditions. In so far as it stands
for better conditions the label'repfesents
an elite mass of workers w~ .have at-
tained an advantageous position:
"Unfortunately the label'ls not a,lto-
gether what it is represented to ·be.
,'Yhen you read the trade union .litera-
ture you feel that the label is "ometblng
worth dying for. If you insist upon hav-
Ing it upon your cigar you may ·be· 'sure .
... - they are not made in tenement houses,
says the clgarmakers' union. The gal'-
, ment worker says no garment bearing
the label Is ever made Ina sweat-Rhop.
Unfortunately these statements are not
alw.aystrue. But in so far as it is genu-
Ine, and the label stands for" wbat it
says it does, every fair, minded consumer
should demand it and should support the
union issuing It;"
In concillsion 1\Ir. Brooks said be criti-
cised the label not because lie was not
convinced that it was a ,bad thing, bili
because he believed it a good thing and
that the trades union should be helped
to preserve It and to make the best of it;
John N. Bogert, secretary of the Gr.eat-
er New York Label League, defended the
label trom the trades unionist poInt of
view. He thinks trades unions . have
passed through a seige of trials. over-
coming many faults and evils in their
struggles from weakness to ett'engtb ,and"
that 'the union label must pass through·
the same ordeal. The label has been
made 'a power for improvement In three.
tl".ldes, the cigarmakers, the hatters and
the printers, and has been adopted by
fourteen other unions. It has its defects
against which-we must'strive, but it
stands for a much wider interest ,than
that of. the union which issues it. In the
case of the bakers it is a ma~ter of 'gen-
eral public Interest w~en, it Is a .guaran-
tee of cleanly conditions, and when as in
the clothing trade and ,cignr, trade, it Is
a guarantee against child. labore,nd
prison manufa.cture. ,
M. E. J. KELLEY..

May]
FROM OUR UNIONS.
ST. LOUIS NOTES.
, In the March "Worker" mention was
made of the Holland',Building, for which
M. S. Carter & Co. are general contrac-
,tors. Also attention was called to one
Alexander L. Ogelvie, a renegade mem-
ber of No.1. WOl'k continued on the
Holland Building, and Ogelvie had his
way as foreman until April 22d, when 0
general strike was called. M. S. Carter
& Co. refused to llsten to a committee
from the Union' or ·to the Arbitration
Committee ot the Building Tt;Ides Coun-
cil, and, both parties settled down to a
test of endurance. This was the first
building u'ades strike of the season, and
'it was generally conceded that if tllis
strike was 'won it would establish the
~\1premacy of the Building Trades Coun-
cllot St. Louis on all new buildings, for
the conditions were as unfa.vorable to
the Bullding 'rl'lldes as they possibly
could be on the Holland Building, from
the 'fact that M. S. Carter·& Co. are rail-
road contractors, and had their own it'OD ,.
workers and carpenters on the building,
who are non-Union;, and could not be
reached by the Unions of their trades.
Attlie end of five' days Mr. Ennes, su-
perintendent of the electrical depart-
ment, sent for our delegate and stated
that they would ,give up the fight and
comply- with our rules and regulations
in the future. This was a great victory
for No. I, but of course we owe it to the
RuUdlngTrades,' Council, which stood
by UB to a man... We do not anticipate
any further difficulty in St. Louis tbis
season, for with the Holland Building
unlQ~ed, th~re cannot possibly any-
thiDgcome up that we will not, be able
to handie peacefully, particularly so with
our agJ.:eement. with the St. Louis con-
tractors. We ,Vill tell at some future
date ,about Alexander Ogilvie, the cham-
pion scab of the West. He might think
it Is English, .you know, but this rcd-
headed Englishman will be sorry thnt he
ever lett old "Hengland." 'Ve can con-
,gratulate the electrical workers of Eng-
l:md-incgettiog rid of him, but are sorl'y
tnaL it shomd be our misfortune that he
should come to the United States. He
should ha,ve gone to Turkey. It would
be more congenial to his tastes and
morals.
Some time ago'the city of St. Louis
advertised. for bids for lighting the city
Cor twenty years, from Janual'y 1st, 1900.
On the day on which . the bids were
opened, not a Single bid was received.
ThiS looked like a conspiracy on the part
ot the companies to try to get the city in
a hole by: delaying matters as much as
possible, aud whf!n the City was at a dis-
ndvant.~e to, dictate their own terms for
lighting the City. The lighting com-
panies were not ns shrewd as they
thought they were in this, matter, for
their action has cau!;ed a strong senti-
ment to develop 'in our city in fuvor of
a munlclpn) plunt for to Jig-ht the whole
or part ot the city. In addition to this.
the new bids which have been advertised
for, call for eUher gas or electric li~hts
Cor our streets. St. Louis was the til'st
large city to adopt un exclusive electric
light service for its streets, and ShOllld
It again go back to :;as, our grasp ill,!;
electric monopolis alone are responsible.
'j'here has been more improvement m:u!e
!n gas lighting during tile past ten 1'£;:11';'
. . ,
THE ELECTRICAL WORKER. 7
than in ~i~ti:ibliglffing, ana- '~lille'tlj:e" at 31 1-4 cents per hour, time and a half
price of electric lighting is tire ..ame riow tor over-time and double time for Sun-
that It was ten years ago, th\! price of days. It is a great deal better to work
gas has been,'l;educedabout one-half, eight hours than ten, particularly when
while if 'wl)"··consl"l!i" the -InTJ;Jl'O"VM 'gIl'S you receive the same pay for eight hours
burners of to-dny, the price of gas Is not as fOl' ten. -
one-foul·th what it was ten years ago. Keel:vn and Smith, who were among
'Yhen electric lights were tirst intro- most active members until they with-
duced and had to compete ll·itb gas, an drew from the U ..ion aiter going into
,effort was made by the companies to fur- husiness, and who have since been the
nish first~('}ass service at reasonable best friends the Union has; have been
pl·ices. But when they thought they had obliged to find la·rger and more con-
a cinch " they adopted the "public be, .enieni' quarters in order to take care of
d-" policy, so much so that if a man, their constantly increasing, business.
hnd a grudge against anyone, the best They will, after· May 1st, be located at
way he can get even is to try to induce 1@ 'VatlOr street, where they wUl not
him to use electric lights. This would only have more space, but at the same
be vengeance indeed .. time be more, within the business dis-
Tile Kinloch, the Bell, the Edison, and trict. '
tlle'l\flssouricompanies are Utying con- Bro. Fred Raymond was elected 'Press
duies at a rapid rate. "'c, caunot state Secretary, to fill the vacancy caused by
when electrical workers will get any the resignation of Bro. Chas. Herman.
, benefit out of this. The wave of pros-, You will hear 'from No.2 regularly in the'
perity has not yet reached St. Louis. al- fllture, as Bro. Raymond Is a charter
though there is quite nn improvement in ruemblOr, Rnd has been one of our most
electrical business. This, of course, is nctive workers, and nevcr shirked a
no morethnn could be expected, as there lluty. H.
is n]wnys .considerable work done in St.
Louis during the spring an(1 summer UNION NO.7, SPRINGFIELD, l\IAS~
nlonths. Our reading room is now al- AnothE:r month has rolled by, and 1
most entirely deserted during the day- am again cailed to duty.. ' No. 7 is stUl
time, which is a good indication that on the go, Ul}d we have taken In SJ~
work is picking up. members since my last letter. The elec,
Bro. A. F. Carville received a,' double trical workers here :il'e jnst beginning T.,\
dose of prosperity-a bouncing boy, lind realize the benefit of our organization. It
a position as superintendent of a plant takes a long time to wake up some pel)-
in Arkansas-all within a week. Arty pIe, or to have them undel'Stand w!lI!rt'
has the congratulations and good wishes they are gOing to dei'ive al,ly benefit. ODe
of every member of No. I, as he has been thing- that is. helping us, along wonder-
a hard working, faithful member. The fully is that all members are ,nttendln.:
Grand Secretary has purchased a bike. meetings regularly,' and I think if all
If the readers of the "Worker" do not reo members of the .Brotherbood would ar.-
ceive the paper on time nlOxt month, they tend meetings more/regularly than' they
will know that he is laid up for repairs. 'do, they would learn' more to their own
"Horrible Death of a Lineman" is such, interest than t!iey wOl'lld 'by 'staYiD~
a regular caption in the daily press thnt a way Ilud settinl! n .bad example for
little attention is paid ,to it. The latest others. If e,"ery member would attend
St. Louis victim is Edw. Clayland,' who meetinl,,"S regurlarly tliere would not btl
was killed on a pole at the cornel' of so mllJlY Unions going to pieces. Now
Fifth and Chestnut streets, on April 21st. if all bl'others at a meeting would kindly
Clayland came to this city last· summer say a few werds in praise of thei:-
from Fort Smith,..Ark., and joined Union Union, it would help the good causl"
No.1. When work got scarce in the fall along. Also tl'y and impress upon your
he left the city, but returned to St. Louis fellow workers tue good organized laoor
again about April 1st. and went to work has donc throughout the country:
for the Missouri Electric Light and Work in this vicitilty bas been rather
Power Co. While away, either through dull all win tel', but most of the brothers
neglect or inability to pay, he allowed! have heen at work. At present outside
himself to become sl1spended, and con- ' work is good, but Inside wiring Is al-
sequently was not entitled to death ben- I getting most at a standstill, with DO prospect ot
elit. His body was shipped to bis family i better. '' ",
at Fort Smith, Ark. At the Coroner's in-j put The Western Union Telegra,ph Co. have
quest the usual verdict of "deat!! from Postal their wires undergro'lmd,' and the
Co; are soon to follow. Also the
accidental shock. ('aused by ne:::-Iecting Firc Alarm, as the fire at' the Opera
company's rules," was 'rendered. He neg- House ou' April 5th, in the rear of the
lected to wear rubber gloves, and had on station, cut off eighty-five boxes for that
a PilII' of buckskin gloves whcn he met night, as all lines ran directly over the
hill death. Much might be said on this roof of the burning building.
flllt>jf'<'t, (md whnt ll('tlon the Unions 1>1. 1"ARnELL,
should take. It is ,claimed by some that Press Secr~tary.
a. man cannot work to .n{l\'-.antage with
rubber gloves on, and if he persists in
-----
UNION NO. 17, DETROIT, MICH.
wearing them, and thus be slow at his I haye again been prevailed upon to
work, be will be fil'ed hy the foreman, aCC!l'pt the office of Press Secretary, and
while, on the other hand, If he does not while my reputation as a 1Iteral'y writer
wear them, and should meet with an ac- -is ratcd at "nix," I will endeavor to do
cident, the company sets up the plea that the best I can. My predecessor, Br{).
he violated their rules.. Bealllel", has beeu ~IPllointed keeper of a
ELECTRON. light-ship, out in tbe middle of Lake Hu-.
rOD. I lillve no doubt he will find'his
UNION NO.2, l\UI,W.HJIi:EE, WIS. new duties more congenial, for ahollt the
Om' Union is In a. flOUl'isbing condItion. only work he will be'ri!{}ulrcu to per-
'Ylo are just g-etting oyer the effects of form will ue to eat hard taek aud com-
NIl' stl'!ke, :llld most of the boys are find- mune with the fishes, and while he is not
ing work. ·We arc working eight hours, a man who is prone to relating fish
 8 THE. ELECTRICAL WORKER. [M,IlY~
========================== ==========================
stories of a questionable character, be but as a kelO. s.. ene laID. p. i.S the. best I can,( and has. plenty of electrical p.o"~er ~ol\t~
wiD find when he returns in the fall, that at!ord, it will be impossible for me to fol- ing ill and around it, but for ,some. ~~-:
we are prepared tor the worst. As a po- low the usual precedent this time, but in- son the different companies here cange!.
sition from Uncle Sam, under the civil stead I wHl pull tbl!! jltg from the top along with fewer .men and c:iJ·ry more
service, generally means during good be- sitel!, tirus!:r tbe cobwebs froin the cork, amperes than in any other city of its
. bavlor, whlcb In Bro. Beamer's ease und'drink'·t.o the health· of aU Union size in tlie United States. Possibly it Is
means practically for life, It is a ques- of
men and as the echo~ the gurgle dies the management of affairs that accolints
tion whetber be will ever again take awav·iilllicdistance; I will lay me <lown for it, or else it Is because we are sur-:
partiD -OUr' meetings, where be was al- to pieasantdreams> ·:·J·O BEDORE. rounded by bUlswblch keep off the
ways a prominent figure and forcible de- " ,.:-.' . ',. .~ ..' winds, for If the wind 'blew sufficiently'
bator. Especially will he be missed at .':'{~UNION NO. 2"2 OMAHA . NEB~ .. bard here it would be a :wise move to get
our smokers,· where bis melodious voice • ,-,,' .. '.:. in the cellar, for a ·double P. insulator
was ever at· the disposal of the Union Another month still finds No. 22 on its might aCCidentally' hit one on the head,
for the amusement of visitors. We wish pegs, although everything is quizt here. or else be would be In danger of getting
him success in his new venture andt I The contract for>wirlng the new ·:post- a shock. . .
think I express tbe sentiment of the offiee was let to W. 1. Grey· & eo., of Speaking of sbocks. Well, .Ohlo now.
members when·I.say we,could well bave Minneapolis.-.ond I.suppose that.work on uses the "juice" Instead of the rope, and
spared a better man. it wUI begin soon .. ,.'Tl>ere is to be about from the· best information everytbing
ID· looking tbrougb the·~·"Worker"·.last SOOlights, and the contract ,calls for worked Al at Columbus ·Iri the double
month, ,I could not belp but admire the brass ar.mored.condllit or Its eqtiJvalent. execution on the morning of April 21.. I
d~ldoolilmprovement ·iu; tbe general tone TlutUs:th~Oiily.wjring.j()b..of ·anif.,extent was speaking to a gentlemanwbo
of,the letteni that appear each montb. here.·: ':. .. , i · . . .. '. ' vIewed Wm. Haas' remains· tbe day
Especially was:I interested in the one I understand that the T>H. Ligbt Co. after, and he said with tbe exception of
frOm No. 38, across tbe lake, inasmuch inlends,to rebuild their stationtbls sum- a small blister on the calf of the leg, an~
as ·Bro. Wheeler offers twenty-five of the nl#r, and replace, thelr old eugi~es and a small bit of singed bair on the .nap J)J.
best UnlOD .made cigars to the Press Sec-' dynamos with' "direct (''OllJ:lected .three- the neck, the corpse looked as tbough he
retary· whose Union can show a greater phase alternators and 1~ Ui;p,tbrlliib arc died a natural death, so that the rope is
IncreaSe In membership by April 22nd machines. Of course, that . wIll necessl- a thing of the past .in this State•..
than No. 38. Now it seems to me he is tate overhauling and rebuildIng all of Work? Well no, there.is no_ prospecJs
not sincere In his offer-that he has a theIr lines. . . : . ,.. . . of very mucb being donebere thIs SUlD-
string to those cigars. In tbe first place, Work has. at ]ast been started on the mer, and If a brother can catch on . be:;
the contest closes April 22nd, just about Tran~~l\I1~~il!sippi EXJIOsitlon grounds. fore reaching bere, do so, for you have u.
the ..time we receive the "'Vorker," so we TIley are building the fence around the very poor chance here. There are u·
will have no time to contest for them. In grounds and bave advertised tor. bids for score or more of men walldrig around
the· second place, tbe ·winner must come removing about 80,000 yards of dirt for pressing brick just now, and Inay be aU
to Cleveland after them, which in it- a lake. From the start they hnve made the rest of this year If they stay here,
sei! would debar every secretary from one would judge·thn~ the e~position will but I am glad to say every member of
C-Uiii~t:Iig•. Nov.",. it Br9- Wheeler is sl!!.~ not help Omaha labor very much. Tbe No. 30 is working. In fact, just as soon
cere. I will make him the following of- Executive Committee seems to tblnk as they join, they seem to be ~b1e to pull
fer: I will bet.hhn 25 good Union-made tllat' there IS· not good· enough·luaterlal down a job shortly after, and several of
cigaJ"s t!J,nt on Junelst..No. 17 will show am9ng·Omal1a.'s workingmen' to do the thein on the outside think if they were
a greater Increase In membersbip during work, so they are importing eyery one In it would belp them to find R. job, and
the year. than No. 38. Bro. Kelly to de- they can, from.arcbitect to common la- we think so, too. . -. .
cide,the contest, according to bis· re- horel' who uses a 'No.2; .
cordS. and the 10ller to send the cigars to A member of the M.cbitects' Excbange In the past montb we bave lidded f91,ir
new names to our membership and sev-
tbe wiDDer at his own expense. Now. called on and addressed the Central La- eral are on the right road, and we only
Bro. Wlleeler, get tbose cigars ready. bOlo Union lit !heir Inst· meeting. and we. hope· they· will -keep their toes P9inted
I copy tbe following from one of the. lire going to tty to bring enough pressure our way until they reacb us. We ·wlll
Detroit. sUnday newsPapers, wbicb ex- to·beur· on the Directors :md E x e c u t i v e · .
pIa Ins Itself:· "Geo. Harrison is ~ mem- Committee :of tbe~xposltlonto secure keep on pel'suadlng everyone on the out~
ber of Electrical Workers' Union No. 17, for Omaha labor ·the benefits which It side until they jOin, or else go and join
the Turkish army, and if they do the
and the otber members wish- tbel·e were ought to have. TheC. L. U. appointed.a latter they are apt to have theIr light
more like. bim. It is said be is wllling to committee of seven, of whlch·yours truly put out before they ,know it. .
·IQs~ a night's sleep at any time If he can is a .member, to '.try and bring about the No. 30 made application to tbe Building.
maKe.a convert to tbe Union, and as a desirM result. Trades Council last month, and it was
result of his untiring efforts tbe Union It was with great pleasure·thnt I read acted on favorably, so that now ,ve bave
roster has been swelled by the addition in the "'Yorker" that No. 00,. of Des two delegates in the Council and expect
ot tw~nty names. To sbow their appre- llo.ines; is tlgaln in the fold .. I was n good results to· follow as the· ditIerent
ciation of bis efforts the members at charter memb.!'!r of No. 55 when It was tl'udes unions bave always taken gl;eat
their,. last meeting voted unanimously to first orgaD,ized, and we had a very good interest In us, and are always willing .to
present him with abaildsome emblemat- Union for some time. but the "green- help us along In every way they can; so
ic badge, wblch be will wear with con- eyed monster" ·got in hlOi work with some taking everything now, it looks as:
siderable. pride... This Union is fast get- of the ll1cmbel's and you cun readily sec tfiough our prospects for success were
ting to the froJlt, and has now 29 appli- the. result as a natu~al const..quence. But never brighter, and asa consequence, all
cations on file." Bro. "'beeler, those ci- as I said befOl"e, I am glad thllt they the boys are happy.
gars are mine. have seen the error of their ways, and Baseball? Well, there are some who
Work is good here at the present time. concluded to . come buck to the· parent uI'e 22 carat fine on the subject. How
The Detroit Telephone Company is busy hearth, and ulider tbe guluanCe of Bro. do you stand? .
buUding an exchange, and as a conse- L. ~I. Steadman,
' tbey should ;;et along T • B ' SPELLTSSY, P r-ess. Sec'y.
quence the city 'Is· full of linemen; gooll, fi ne, as tllel:(l are a great mllny w.orse
bad and indifferent. But as they were men who cOuld hn VI' been made presi-
not receiving the required scale, they uent. II ruJy of the In·otbets who read UXION NO. 36, ·SACRAllENTOi'CXL.'
decided to demand a raise. We appoint-· this feel so ilisposed, I would be glad to Once again·1 will try and be repre-
ed a. cQmmittee to formulate aD agree- hear from them. . sented in the "Worl~er." I hope I 'am
ment, and presented It to the company, MARK T. CASTER, Press Sec'y. not too late for the April edition,
and after a few ·(!onf'!rences, it was ac- I must say Sacrumento Is very qUiet in
cepte4 and signed by both pm·tles, This our line of business, but we 'have good
practically Dlakes' this a strictly Union UXiI)N~O. 30, CINCINK..iTI, O. prospects In sight, and it can't come too
concern, so any lineman coming this way Xewl'l I!< !'o scaree In our dtv 'that it i:s tloon, as there dre quite ti 'number of tbe
better look to his card, lInd see that it allat·d Illatter for ffit! to tltid ruderial boys loating just now. . . .
is paid up, or be l)l'ep:lI'ed to cough up· euoul-!h t~.. wI'ite a' tlec','.d 'INter for "r~ have stm'ted to make ·arran;i't,'.
$5 when he· goes t() wOI·k, for his iniUn-
t1onfee.
In reading the dltIerent letters in the
01· worked in "Ciney" it I"
the ,Verkcot". '£0 a hruthf'r \\ li(; bas been
~~ll e:.I!<y mat-
tel' for him. to un<iel'st:iml this: ·I·emal'k,
mcnts for CJllr first picni£', to b.e given by
ollr Local, and we :n·e gc)lil~ to do all
in our pOWN· to make It the boss of tlit>
""'~orker" eacb month, I notice It Is cus- alltl mn!"/.> Sl) especially it hp.hlis-been in season. 'Ve have selected SUIlaay, Jl1iw
tomary for tbe secretaries to pull some or out o! here during' the 1':;,st three 6th, a8 the day, and East Park as· the
old swItch at tbe close of tbeir letters, yea.·s, CiuciPPlltUs .. ~ooq-I!i~e(t place; ~l;tee.
-Yay]
- There has been another accident to a
Sacl'amento line.man. by the name of
John Richards. He was In the employ
ot the S;!crnmento Electric, Gas anll
RaOway Co., and was working on the
trolley repair wagon, when, in some
way, l1e was knocked from the top to
the street, breaking one of his legs just
across the insteP, and from all reports
Will be laid up for many months to
come.
R. A. FISK, Press Secretary.
UNION NO. 38, CLEVELAND, O.
I suppose a majority of the men who
are unemployed in" this country would
be glad to work eight hours for eight
hours' pay-if they had the opportunit~·.
It Is. Jlkewisereasonable to suppose thut
a majorln- of the men who are employed
would be glad to work eight hours PCI'
day If they were sure of recei\"ing ten
hours' pay tor .the eight hours' work.
There are twenty mimon working peo-
ple In the United States. Four million,
or one-fifth, of. this number are idll'.
Now, It tbe sixteen mllIlon who are work-
ing ten hours a day would only work
eight hours, there would be a demand
for -more help, and in order to do the
8ftme amount of business that is now
done witb the sixteen mlIllon at teu
hours per day would require the help of
the extra four million who are unem-
ployed, prol'idlng all -worked only eight
hours. per day. Now, when all the work-
lug people in this broad land ore em-
ployed, don't you tbink they will be able
to fi.."C the rate of wages which each Is
Justly entitled to? I for one am Inclined
to beUeve they can. The eight hour
movement has been started In this city
by the Unions connected with the B. T.
C_, and they ha\"e made a success of it.
~ow, it this can be done here, why can't
it be-done everywhere? I bellel'e it can,
and when this is accomplished through-
out the length and breadth of this coun-
try, a long step will bave been taken to-
wards solving the labor problem.
-No. 38 Is now In a prosperous condition.
We have closed our cbw:ter, but are still
receiving applications from men who
want -t-o -work on -buildings, but who will
not be allowed to do so unless tbey hUl'e
a working card. If tbe eight hour moye-
ment were pttsbed In otber cities as it is
In Clevemnd, a non-Union lineman would
be a eurioslty.
. By the way, what has been done about
organizing some of tbose EasteI'D cities
furwbicb there wus $300 uppropriated
at tbe A; F. of· L. con\"ention last fnll ~
We have heard notblng very definite
from tbose as yet.
There Is another subject I would like
to see dlscu!lsed in the ""Torker," and, a.
vcry Important one _it - Is, especially to
_ those employt>d .in the munufacturing
busille!.% and that iri the organizing of
/?:irls Who work at thp. electI'icul business.
It Is a well-known fact that u large part
of the work done in the electric" mnnu-
. factur[og establishments - is done by
girls. They take the· place of men. do
the work of men, and for less pur. Now.
what are you going to do about it? Thnt
they should be ol';:unized there iii n.)
doubt, hut 1I0w IUlll in what form is It
to be:! done~ Shnll we tnke them [n with
u;; or form .thelll intu a Fnion hy thelll-
sel\"es? J wnultl likt' to hcnl' from sOIm'
of the Locals lIllon t his point. Cbiea;;:\),
Detroit and Bull'alo. what 110 you think
about it? Wuke 1I1'- and iet us know
where you are HPO)} tbls point.
THE ELECTRICAL WORKER.
Some men we:'e bom for great _t111111':S.
Some h:>'l-e \j(·rn fijr small,?:"
~ome it is oot recorded
Why they -were born ut all.
The ubove may be truly Ilppaed to
SOllle of om' Locals, aud unlt,ss we /,."(>t a
hUUlP on us, no one will he allle to state
just why we were bom.- At pi'esent we
are lIttle more than a social organization,
but we bope _for a benelieial Union,
whlcb will In the near futUJ'c be a benefit
to all c~)licerned. As soon ns we lJegin-
to derive sonie genuine ·benefit from our
Unions in a way that each and e\'f~ry
man will feel, and feel thnt If be Is to
li\"e a life worth lIl'lng be must be a
Union man; then will we become stron~
in ourselves; then will we be able to sa;\'
to all who oppose us, --HThus far shalt
thou come and no fartbel';"- tben, and not
till then, can the workers of this counti'Y
cease to eat tbe bread of idleness; then
will they be able to sleep tlJ.e sleep of
peuce and contentment.
THOS WHEELER, Press Sec'y.
UNION NO_ 43, SYRACI;SE, N. Y_
No. 43 meets first and third Thurs-
days at Greenwald's -Hall, corner l\1ul-
bel'1'y and Water streets. at 8 p. m. By
the above, brothers wbo conteUlplate
\"isiting our city can tell when aod
where to meet any of the boys, as we
haye moved from om' form~r rooms on
account of space, for we al'e Increasing - Al'on, N. Y., April 5th, 1897. Bro. Mc-
so in membership that more room was
needed to cut In the circuit for new vic-
tims. -
'Vwrkis about tbe flame bere. antI just
at present we have more mOIl than work.
but judging from the _way our worthl;
President was funning his way dOW11
street, loaded witb No; 4 knobs, it looks
as though he had stl'uek oil. "Te all hope
so, and that business will boom.
\Ve are all interested in the Union to
such an extent tbat we m'e now with
the Building Trades, and hOlle in the
very near futnre to have as strong a
Union as any in tbe list of Union towns.
The boys read of No. 1 and its con-
trllct with the contmctors, una I tlllnk
with some of the-'boys, that such an
agreement would uenotit us here, as it
would settle a good mdny points tbat
are now open, and which cause trouble.
We lost one of our best members, Bro.
Larl'y Myers. He hasn't joined the
Hwbite winged," but concluded to
change bi~ boarding place. The last
heard from him, he was in Rochester. If
No. 44 gets him it will 11nd, as we did,
a brother from top to toe and one who
knows his letters in our line. Luck to
Bro. Larry.
The Railway Co. contemplate rebuild-
ing all their lines us SOOI1 as they can
fiulsh with a few more boys, as it seems
they are only ].illin;;: hoys. They don't
helieye in fenders. If any of the broth-
ers tilink of striking here, ta\,e niy ad-
vice and find out all about the work and
til'lU und wagc!;!. Dou't let them monkey c!ontulniug twenty-one lilies, representing
with any N. B. men as tlll'Y do with out-
sideJ~.
Bro. Yun Pntten und myself are out of
work fOl' a time until wO:'k wnlks iii the
df)or of -the new OWIJeI'S of t·he Ele<'trie
~\)p('inlty Co .. hut I think tlJ('Y will make
a lli"lIlal fnlhll·C'. nnd fill til!'- hoys whll
wIII'kt-t! fill' tIll' fOI'IlIf'l' OW1WI· •• r. L. H:lIIl- ",is, 1011\. has called frolll our mlll,;s -0\11'
illoll. m'e sol'l'~' he Nu1l1 out. Brn. Yan
"miles lind slwuldel's his J'(}li nnd liu(! to
lII'gP. the wary U'out to tnkc a bite wltll
him, and I guess be wilJl enjoy part of
9
the time of his layoff. I SUlJiJose he
thinks I will too with my chickens.
Sorry to read of the brothel' in Texus
who fell, und I guess we will read a few
of his books in this city. We hope he
may soon be on his feet, entirely recov-
el'cu from the effects of his fall.
If any of the brothers in No.1 know
of a namesake of mine in 81. Louis, and
he isn't in the fold, just whisper to him
to put his name down 'on an npplication
hlank. Get him In, and don't forget tlJe-
circllit. BENJ. T. DELAFIELD,
Press Secretary.
------
UNION NO. 44, ROCHESTER, N. Y.
Thel'e is not a great deal of work go-
ing on nt)W, although I think most of the
boys are working_
Bro. Breeze took some of the boys
down to Geneva.to do SOUle ins[d.e work.
1 would warn any of the brothers to
steer (·lear of Rochester just now, as fnr
itS work Is concerned, although the pros~
peets are quite good for a busy season.
The Bell Telephone Co. Is laying live or
six miles of 100-wlre cable In the ducts
wbich were laid last fall.
Local No. 44 is slowly but sui'ely trying
to take the leud In members hi I), as _we in-
stalled another lIew light last ruetting
night.
I deeply regret the duty (if &nnouncing
tlle _deatb of one of the most ardent
workers of Local Union No. 44, BI·O. 'Vm_
lIcGinty, who died at bls home in
Ginty wus a young man highly esteemed
by all who knew him, and by his death
Local Union No. 44 has lost one of hel'
hrightest Iights_ .Jobn McGinty, thc
father of 0111' Jate brother, :ls one of- the
oldest wiremen in New York State, and
is at present located at A\"on, N. Y.; in
churge of tbe "'estern Union lines. Ht!
has been in charge of the W_ U. 'lines
over twenty years. Joseph KllcGinty;
now located in New YOl'k City, is lin
uncle of our late brother, and he bas-
also served a long term in tbe wire busi-
ness-I guess twenty years and on!!'.
'I'be readers of the "'Vorker" will prob:
fibly remember bu~ibg heard hisnarue
connected with the Bt·otherhood. He
was prt!sident of Local Union No. 36, of
New York City, I believe. .
Owing to the home of Bro.' llcGinty
being a great distance from Rochester.
Local Union No. 44 did not have its full
membership at his funernl, as Is custom~
a1'y with us in all such cases, but we
were fah'ly well represented, with about
thirty members. Bro. Hall, of No. 45, of
Buffalo, also attended the funeral. Bro.
lIcGinty was a member of Branch 45,
C. M. B. A., who turned out about sev-
enty-five strong. The tIoral offerings
were numerous, umong them beilJ~ a
beautiful hlll'p from No. 44. a pillow from
his fellow workers of the Bell Telephone
Cu., a lal'got! pillow fl'tiJU hili! parents,
eress, hurp and nUmel'lH1S other beauti-
ful pieces _from his schoohnutes and
YOWlg people of A\"on; also one piece-
his age. 1.'. GR~\'HAlI,
Press 8ecl'etu I·Y.
Hesolutions of f:ondolenee udopted b;v
Loeul linion No. 44, Tuel:!(liJy, April 4th,
18{l7:
'Vlwrenil._ Almi;.;hty God, in His infillif,~
WOl·tl1r IIJ'utht'I', \\'111. l'IeGlmy; thcl'('-
flll·t'. he it
H('soh·l'll. 'I'hu t while We submit jll llll-
Ill,ility to the wisdom ot our Creator, that
 10 TIm ~LECTRICAL WORKER. [May

In the death of our brother, his parents, word to all the brothers-not to our' own with· a more firm determination thap, .
brother and grandparents mourn the Local union alone, but tv' ail unions: ever be!ore. We called a meet!ng., two' •
loss of a kind son,. an affectionat-e broth- There :!re a great many men 'imt of em- weeks ago to organize a Local Union,
er, and a just and ·noble grandson, and ployment, and they f:annot get work to and seventeen men responded, und I. ~Ill
bis friends an upright and respected as- dO.'I'hey have families to support. Times say that I have never seen a body_ of
sociate; and be it further- am very hard, and they cannot pay their men get together with more defermimi-.,
Resolved, Tb.at we, ·as members of Lo- dues; they ge,t behilid; and will net come tlon than we did. We conclud,ed to or·.,
cal ,Unlon No. 44., tender our heartfelt to'. meetin,gs be¢a~e;~lileseem, to think ganize, and the following officers were:
sympathy to his parents, brother, grand- that when a brother is three mouths in elected: Our popular brot~er, L. ~J ..
parents, and friends in their great sor- ar1'carS h~ should not:belill"wcd a. seat· Steadman, President, and he .·mnkes a
row, and commend them to Him who or place in the meeting. New, that i:i; all good one. Steadman Is a jolly fellow and,
doeth all things well; and be it further . wrong. and I. ciahl) that wheu.;Il"urBther well liked by all the boys. Ed Purcell,
Resolved, That tlrese resolutions be is in 'hard lU,ck~w~ should, help Utm,and Recording Secretary; W. P. Leedon, Fi-
spread upon our records and a copy be it he Is in arrearS carl'y him untjI work nancial Secretary; W. Herring; Vice-
presented to the family.of our brother cun l!e procured, ·and: giv.e him a chance President, and your humble servant,
and the same bepubl1sheC1in the official to pay up, or else'lIU1~pelld his dues alto- Press Secretary, and as this.!:;. aij;new
jounial of our Order. , getner uutil he gQe$t~ work,. wheu. dues business to me, you will be lenient "·ith'·'
J. D. M'GUIRE, can ,cOmmence again·. Once in a. :whlle me .until I ·get all the circuIts down: pat.
J. L. GUERINOT, I hear a brother con~plalp that the dues There is :ilittle work gOilig.onhere at
. 1. KENNALL'Y, aJ'ea\.fuUilgIr, and ~Dql1ire~~hen~!lre we present. The Mutual Telephone Co. has
U. DEVEROUX, going. to make thc·mlt'ss. 'Now, if there some men at work. Bro. Het;ring has
D. WILLIS, is a man wOl;klng who eannot spare a charge of the line work, and says he will
~mmittee. palt'!;y60 cents a',month to help strug- put up the line in shape or bust. .
gling l!uinanity, hltmust be very poor, or Our Committee on By-Laws met and
. UNION NO. 45, BUFFALO, N. Y. very .sma·n•.. Hrothers? let's rather throw made nur local by-laws, and I must .sny
Most. of .the electrical companies of in ,an eXtra 10 or,. Hi celits a month to I haye never seen better laws ninde.-fol"
this· city h::.ve now practically acknowl- help a bl'othur iIi need, and. lIot kick any Union than were read at our last
edged that Union labor is the better la- about paying our· just share of the legit- meeting, and the brothers.ga\"e,the .cow-
borln the end. Through the instrumen- imate expenses. ·It you notice, jtis the mlttee a vote ~f thanks for their .worl~.
taUty of LOcal No. 45, they have agreed men who. can leas.t,afiord to pay, who are I will send you more next time, as tliis
.to hire none but Union men, the pay to the most prompt to k-eepsquare, and is my first attempt. Theb9Ys have
be $2.25 per day, each journeymaubeing never say a word about excessive dues, bought a rope and they say they "'ill.
allowed to have ·one helper. This will and the kickers are the ones w~o have use it if they do not hear trom their
be quite beneficial to the contractors, as tile money to. spare, nnd ,;.et they are the Press Secretary. ,
they will all be placed on the same basis, ones who will claim benefits flr,.;t. But If B1'O. Redman does not get a ·new
80 far as labor is concerned. Formerly it's the old saying; "The more a man pipe, he cannot ·get into our next meeting.
the contractor wbo could hire the cheap- has, the more.. he·wants." JAMES MARTIN,
eSt labor could make the lowest bid for We had ..,a l1ttle·,.surprise at our last Press. Secl~etary.;
8. cOntract. This will now be done a wuy meeting; a pleasant one, by the by, for
with, and~ the men wlil not. suffer from Bro,··James Kane·is,·:with us again, and
-------
UNION NO. ~6, ERIE,PA.
the· "slashing .process." . was at the.room early to ,be. sure -of a No. 56 is coming to the fl'Ont Iil grand
Bro. John Roydes is ou the injured list seat.· If one-halt,A)f' our members were order. They, I mean the people ' who
this month, having had histces crushed only .}ike Bro. Kane,· we would not have waited to see if we were going to make
while unloading poles. . . so wany emptY chaiJ'll .on meeting nights, a go of it, are now seeking us: 'Ve turned
. The J. C. Stearns Company of this city nor would the work ulwnys be -lett to! a the current of Ught and juice· Qnsix at
have obtained the contract for dOing the few, as is generally the .. case. -. our last meeting, April 21, and two ou
electrical. work at theStlite·· Hospital, at Bro. Kaneds a man past the prime of April 14. We are now about thirty
North eolUns. life, yet hehaj,j more,,(~ush nud strength strong with six applications on: lIand, alid
. J. LODGE, Press Sec'y. to take hold of U.nion work thun three- several new proposals in Sight.
quarters of the young· .men who are yet I would like to say a few wot'ds 'for the
U1Q:ON NO. 48, FORT WAYNE, IND. in their prime, or hav.c not reached that boys. All are good steady workers, and .
stage. Old Jimmie 'Kane is always fear naught. We are in. first-class
The most pleasurable sensation after ready and willing-to put his shoulder to condition for a new Union, and eyery
brea;kbIg uut Of jail is breaking into th(. the wheel aDl\::4'iveit.* push. member seems to take a great interest.
paPers, so here goes. ' Bros. Marron;· 'Speer, Thurston and At roll call all ofocers are always pres-
No. 48 Is still alive, but our numbers Riedel are talking ,of leaving town on a ent, and it speaks well for the Union to
are few. Bro. Kent of Chicago Is In hlln(. Not a,:duck hUllt, but work. We have a good set of officers. ·Presldent
Paulding, 0., ·and Bro. Decker of No. 48 have not .heard what kind of· guns or Ed Gilmore is O. K. and Vice President
is with- him. Lnthouse and Buskirk arc traps . they"\vere taking alon~,· ,but it B1lly Crane is as full of parliamentary
the only ones working for the Homp. such a. thing as work exists "they will rules as any of them. Just the kind of
Company. Kraus and several of the have to be very· shrewd if they hope to timber we need in our business.
boys. are in Kendalville. be successful:- for it is said work is fast I believe Erie is the only place on earth
There is a strong Union feeling in thu becoming ·extin<:t, and we wnnt to say where trimming is done on conb'act and
city-at present.. . right here' that we Ilre in fa,CI.r of a law a trimmer.' trims 80 to 95 lamps for ·s.o
It Bro. Dan Binkley will write me at prohibiting work hunting for a term of small a pittance as he gets here.. I am
31 Douglas avenUe; I would like to keep one· hundred years, which would give of the opinion the electrical workers are
track of him. . ample time for "it" to grow. (I' guess it not appt'eciated as theyougllt to be.
Bro. Knox and the writer are in Wa- grows.) And for,a peualty, I think about Who but the man who risks ' his life
bash working for Mr. Bowman, late ten years·.~ fJa,enpol'l vr :Moline would every day makes it possible . for the
manager of the Home Telegraph Com- be ahout right, and when such. offenders spoiled darling ot society to see the
pany'in Fort Wayne. He has several m'e turned loose they wouid never hunt stumbling blocks on. Erie'.s . '-'brick-hat;'
thousand feet ot c'able to pun and other again. CMoline 'Las, you- know; the hos- sidewalks, as she hies herself homefrow·
work, which will keep us busy for two pital f01' the insan.}.) We wi811 you suc- , the pleasUl'es of the social world, and
or three weeks. cess and God spceu, boys. and hop!) you how could she chew gum and talk sweet
Must close this, my first offense, and If _ wil! tind nQ worse places tha'n you are nothings to "Chawley" over the phone it
the fates permit will try again. leaving-if such exist. If you ever run it were not for the brave boys 'called
G. B. TAYLOR, Press Sec'y. across Bl'o. George H. Elliott, tell him linem(,n and tel~phone inspectors~
to. wrIte us, for· we, are . anxious about I often wonder if it does· not polson
UNION NO. 52, DAVENPORT, IA .. hi·m. . J . H.CT..AHK, some people to walk on the same side-
We 'are not in much better circum- . ., Press ..sec'y. walk ,vith a workingman, but things are
stances than we were at the time of going to change some day and ,,'ep.,or
. writing my last letter to tIie "Worker." gl11bbers and toile1's will get our dues
Over two-thirds of our members are out UNION NO. !'>\:i, DES MOINES, lA. and rewards; it not here, surely in the
of employment, and some of them· are ~ocal No. 55 !!lends· a hearty· greeting hel'eafter, .. some nice cool or warm plac~
having a hard time to nlake both ends to sister Locals all OWl' the cQuntr). Des will be ours to hang on to. OUr lives·
meet. In fact, I guess they don't ·meet Moines has. eonclu£1ed to (l!1,ce more joiu nmy be hapilier and we will have lights
at all; and now I WOuld like to say a tilt! BrothE'xilood vf j<Jle~g-!cal W(lrkers to burn. ·E. T. I., Press Secretary.
 May] THE ELECTRICAL WORKER.. 11 :".

UNION NO. 60, SAN _ANTONIO, TEX. with a slight sprinkling of Parson and will meet us halt way (at -Alvin), we will
Old San Tone! What memories the Tamaleviill;'! .,~~uchel:!:jhrown lin ;fol~ .. dM-·, fight a duel for a strawberry shortcake.
name conjures? At once the home of the zlIng eli'let:· c Ow.-~o'treasurY.' is' ou(of As we are personally acquainted with
Cradle of Liberty, the birthplace of Tex- sight. Wellage has it hid in a tomato "Bill 81," nnd were much interested in
an Independ~nce, the Mecca of consump- can under the door jam,- to the right of her communication,. we would -be pleased
tives,' the same likewise ot "Llney" boys the fire place. to hear from her again.
and roller coasterBj .the hot tamales We heard a little tale the other day If Mr. 1\.1. J. Flynn is so anxious to be
town of Texasj the only town that Is about one of our ex-brothers. who used flet right about the charges·ma'de against
cosmopolitan, metropolitan, democratic, to be a staunch Union man, . and who him, why did he not give his present
conservative, ,aU at <IDee, and the lnst, could sing his little .ode as .loud .as .any whereabouts? If he will come -out of
but not least; the home of the Alamo, of us, that he had jOiued,the army of in- cover he will get all the justification he
that old church ruin wherein were gnth- conslstents, and from what your cor- wants about the little diamond scrape.
ered the handful of brave Texans, led respondent ('an see, Is evidently in a he got into in Houston.
by Col. B'owle' and Dave Crockett, who' frame of mind at once inlmielil to the J. M. STEVENS,
batlled the llower of Santa Anna's fol- interests of Unlonism,and his oft- Press Secretary.
lowers, wrested in deteat, vlctpry and In- avowed declaration of principles. No
names are mentioned for reasons, but
-------
dependeD,ce for those for whom they UNION NO. 67, QUINCY;, I~. '.
gave their lives. No.· 60; the banner if this sees the brother in question, he
Union of Texas, lives in San Antonio, will know "it's him." Well, brothers, I must. let you know
'and:!t'sa .pretty hot Union, too, if any I don't want to take more of Bro. Kel- that No. 67 Is still allve, but that is about
ly's time and patience, so will close the all [can say for it. ':At our last meeting
i
.,
I
one asks you. 'At least this Impression
prevails among Its zealous members. Be- circuit: To succeed as organized electri- there was no quorum, so we could not
ing' 0. mixed Local, we have all branches cal workers, I am convinced that your have a meeting. Some of the boys went
represented, and our talent is of a rare actions, manner of speech, company you to a wedding, some had a 'date, some"
order: We have electrical discussions keep and thoroughness in YOU1· work, wanted to go to the opera, and even our
\ that\vould make Edison grow weary. are the essential requisites to our being fat Vice l't·esldent hud an excuse.
We never are at a loss for theories, and recognized and respected as an order, Our President had just finished wiring
when·it comes.dowD to practice an our and a forever and eternal energy on the the St. Boniface School, about 2;:;0
boys can handle ohms, volts and am- pal·t of, members to learn more of their lI;.;hts, and had to run them for an en-
peres to perfection. We have the only huslness, is also a prime necessity. tertainment. Bro. Jas. Dolan had sick-
electrical ball nine In Texasj all profes- NONDESCRIPT. ness In his family, so he Is excusaWE'.
sionals. For 'dates, etc., reference is Ed Gllliger had to rock the baby, anll
glv.en to Bro. Alvin Ellis, down on the some had' one thing and some another.
Brazos. UN~ON NO. 66, HOUSTON, TEX. They didn't come, at any rate.
The last meeting of No. 60, held Sat· 'We hope none of tbe brQthers will Bro. l!'luherty has improved' enough to
urday, the 3rd, wall a hot one, sure. We think that we are dead because we have leave Hot Springs, which will be wel-
initiated two members and had three ap- not appelued in the "'Yorker" for a few come news to many. All the boys here
plications, and two more for next week, issues. We haven't had to defend our- m·e well and nearly all at work.:We are
so theysaY,and some good material in selves against outsid.e attacks, and there glad to see the wife of Bro. Wm. Hlck-
sight, so in spite of everything adverse, is very little going on around here that lllan out after a long illness.
No. 60 is holding 'her own. would be of special interest to the broth- 'Ve were glad to see so many Unions
The. weather here is certainly getting ers. . represented in last "Worker." It is nice
like summer, and. It is pretty hard on The Telephone Co. Is 'doing considera- to see su many letters. 'Ve also notlc~
the members, as I believe everyone is ble work in and around Houston, and all that the ladl~ ure taking an "fnterest ill
hard at' work. TheJ;e Is lots of work here, good men who come·thlsway have no our behali, Which we highly appl"eclate.
but' plenty to do it. I understand from trouble getting work, but there Is no de- Come again, slstel"lIj let us hellr from
reliable sources that there will be plenty mand for "bum" linemen and booze- you often.
of work lil the .State. Telephone terri- fighters. This seems pretty tough on Our new pass-word is a. dandy .. Stick.
torial Constructionj also Postal Tele- linemen who have l1een in the habit of to it. C. H. McNEMEE,
graph Co. Is hard at work. I understand gOing on a periodical booze every pay- Press Secretary.
they have their wire out :of Dallas and day, but it Is the best thing that was
heading south already. ever done for the linemen'lI cause. A UNION NO. 70, SCHENECTADY, N. Y.
One of our brothers caught a little bird large majority of the howls that have
lately.. Said bird told him to go and sec gone up from this locality about super- I suppose the brothers would like to
sGDlebod,y, and. in consequence he is IntendeDt..s n·nd managers" huve been heal· from No. 70. We are making: very
driving the slickest turnout In town and from men of this class, some of whom good prl"g"l·ess, consldeJ;ing the times.
is on the city's pay roll for a good sal- are good llnemen, but they cannot be de- Most of our brothers have done but lit-
ary each month. Bro. Roy Cushman is pended upon on account of their intem- tle work during the past winter. Asa
the fortunate one, who believes In signs, perate habits. 'Ve are S01"1'y to say that majority of our members are employed
vouchers and other things. Bro. Potter, a few of these men have gotten Into the by the General Electric Co., in a dull
the Indefatigable "Chawley," alias Texas Union, and have, of course, causeu trou- time, the Union gets the full benefit of
Bill, Is here, sun-tnnned and working like ble and brought the Union into disl"e- the layoff, which does not pave a ten-
a beaver. He says If any of you fellows pute and kept good men froD;! joining. dency to make No. 70 very progl·esslve.
see his holders, they belong to him. He Such men do the cause a great amount But at present time we arc having 11 lit-
is. working for the Telephone Co., string- of harm. tle more work, and are on the point of
Ing copper metallic circuits. There Is a vast field ·of work for Union believing our Republlcan friend, tha t
We understand thnt Bro. Spangle, our men to do right along this line. Men confideuce has been restored.. But f
main ligbt in the West End, either will who cannot be prevailed upon to break suppose we must be thankful for small
be out. of a job soon or else will be gen- uway from debaucheQ·, which makes favors and larger ones when we get
eral superintendent of motive and ail them unfit for the society of decent peo- them.
otber departments combined. Hope it's ple, should be dropped il"Om the Union, Bro. 'WitHe has purchased a new
the latter, old boy_ for we would be far better off witbout wheel, which he has been learning to
No. 60 Is getting up a grand piroie. It them. If we; as It Union, ever expect to' ridl>, btit be picks anything .uP very
promises to be a thing of beauty and a accomplish much. for ourselves, we must quickly, as he did himself the other even·
joy forever, even It the last fellow hns raise and keep our moral standard upon ing after trying to ride. We, of course,
that $15 in his inside pocket. Don't you a plane. that will demand the respect of blamed him fot· lIaying that' bls little
know-some of No. GO's friends and ex- our employers. Most of the superin- bl·other tltl'ew a rope and broke his
members will see this, pOSSibly-well, tendents and maI!,agers in this locality chain.
I'll tell you all about it.. Bro" Pm"sons is . dill not inherit thell· positions, but rose Bro. Betting is nround again, having
just getting over it, nnd Joe Weltage from digging holes to the top oC the pole, rel"o\'el't~J fmlll a Vel"y serious illnells.
says "them" and conyentionswon't give nnd they know whnt kind of men to de- 'Ve urc glnd to see him once 1lI0l'P
him time to look after bis circuits right. pend upon. Bro.: Griutel·, onr ,,"orthy Yice-Presi·
I can only say in lieu of photos of the We are pleased to see a disposition on dent, is having' a pleasant time tr,vlnl; to
hall, that the other Unions can't tonch the part of Galveston to "bm'y the ride Ills new wheel. He has all hp. ('nn
us OIl decorating. Our designs wcreof hatChet," and we muke this proposition attend to keel)ill~ off the sidewalk. but
the Moresqueand Archimedc~n order, to No. 71's Press Secretary, that if be we trutit after a little we will be safe in
 12 THE ELECTRICAL WORKER. [May

trying to pass bim, or in aUowin!: our Louis HaH,ex-President of No. 60, is upon it at present or in the neartuture;
children to play in the front yard IlT on In tbe city. He has: r:barge of ·the· con- and that the workingmen of Spokane, as
the sidewalk. But he says he will make stl;u('tioll work for the ~outhwl:!stern Tel· represented through the trades council,
it smoke. ephone Co. . . hereby warn their fellowcwol'kers. else-
Su-eet car work Is improving, an" ac- A· few months ago' the County. Court where against" ad alluring advetti~e­
,cording to all reports, a large number of House burned down. and iUlT.uediate]y ments in order to spare them inevitable
motors will be bullt durlng·the summer. plans anrt 'specifications .were gotten up loss and disappointment." . '. '
'I'his will suit Bro. Mackey, who I" 4)ne for a new one,. and ·tile contrnct has al- . C. B. COWAN, Press S~'y.
of our auburn-haired brothers. We IUlve ready been: let. A. comniittee.irom .the .
three members' 'who have hair ot. t.he Buildiug. Ti;adcs Assembly and the La-
same shade, and you' will.be tight It. yon b,1r Legislat.ive C-ouncil did SOUl;:. good UNION NO. 78, SAGINAW; MICH.
think they are the whole of it, and per- work with the County Comml$slollers,
haps they are when· one of thos~ red and as a ~ult the specifications read Just as the Press Secretary of No. 78
hairS gets in the soup. that. "none·Amt Union Labor shall be was enjoying a midnight sleep;' a· few
Bros. Costello and Shannon went .~ut employed and the Union scale of wages nights ago, a loud rap at his 4001' a,,'ak-.
for a stroll the other S~turday evening, shall be paid in all trades employed upon encd him, and when he, in' a somewhat··
They walked up and d~wn our main the. building.'~ Another stride towards startled tone of voice inquired what. ;wa!!
streets, not forgetting to drop in OD an our goal. W. M. GRAHAM, wanted, a gruff voice allswel·ed that ',lif
, old'frlend or two"and looliing Into a row Press Secretary. the Press· Secretary of Union· No. 78,
gla.ss,~ ,*0 see tpat their hair'was proJ;)- National Brotherhood Electrical Work-
el'!T.'-dl8J1ed" in ,.•t1~e· .1;Iliddie., They. made ers of America, was sleeping in there,he"
the~ eXit alwut3:30, uter having bepu needed'to .be awakened." The everY-two-
posted by a number of their friends liS UNION NO.7?, SPOKANE, WASH. monthly wielder of the. pen waS in a'
to the direction that should be taken by Owing to·lack ot'·work during tlie win- quandary as to the meaning of· such ;'n..
them to reach home. We are confident tel· Iponths, "·e lost se~eral of our mem- unusual OCCWT'.I.nce, and bellowed out,'
that they. reached home safely, as tile bers; and officers. as well; our Press HWho the d-l's out' there, and what'"
next cCla,ythey held a whispered conver- Secretary among the latter. Tllllt'ls the have you been drinking, file 'or ten.?"
sation; and I suppose they were taklnll: reason youhlWe not heard from· Us dur- "Me name is Dennis Whalen. Oilll polace-
Inventory of tlie stock. taken in. ' min on this beat, an belli' as' Jack Stra~h­
We are at present working hard in ~o. ing the past two :months. At OU1: last
meeting. the ,acatlcies were fillM by an, your Recording' Secretary, jist l·e-
70, keeping the brothers in line, and It electing Bro. E. Hensley. as vice presl- saved a telegrim or a letter or something
Is hard work. ,There is a lack of confi- • dent; Bro. H .. Palmer, treasurer, and from Jawn Kelley, of St. Louis, l-liz- .
dence and.brotherly love. . There lis ft zoura, saying as bow ye needed wakln';
strong desire among our JP,emberS for your llUmille servant,. Pr,*,s Sc.cretary,
for the remainder of ,the term. . . 01 thought that being that Oim here
selt, and let everyone do the same. W" At our first: meeting. hI" Am'il, after a that the best time to wake ye is whin ye
should have ·more· brotherly love, more vel7short routine of business, we had a are aslape. Do ye moind now?" The
determination to stand ilp for eaCl1 smoker. Wesmok,ed 'our pipes, had re- Press Secretary assured Mr. Whalen that
other; b.elp one another in time of need .. freshments, lunch, . :muslc aud speaking. he minded, but tbat he wouldn't mind if
and do unto others as we would hav" Our rooms were. open to aU electrical Mr. Whalen would ·go out on his beat and
otbers do unto u s . · . Illen. We received two appllcations and stay there.
_ "·W~. A~ aIRCa, one sln~e, with fair.'pl'ospccts of getting Although we are not sure at. this -writ-
Acting Press Secretary. more, as work bas .conlmenced. The Edi- ing, It is generally understoo,d that Pr.es~
son Company.1s dOing SOJ)le·. work, and ideat Hodgins has tendered an unwrit-
.THE ISLAND CITY. the Phone' Company is doing some new ten resignation. The ReCording 'Secre-
Very . little ot impOrtance is gOing on work . and some rebuilding.· AU. our tary was instructed at the last meetfpg
here at present. Work is pretty dulL members arec working,. as . well as soDie to write him a letter and find ,out just
Messrs. Barden & Sheets have the con- of the new arrivals. where he stands, as although it'is great-
tract ·for installing the plant in the new The following' ·froni" one'· of our dally ly to be regretted, if such is the .case, we
Santa. Fe Depot. It is to be an iron ar- papers explains Itself: '., must have a special election and' choose
mQred ·condult job throughout, with a di- Someo! Hie business men and otber another head.
rect co!lnected ·2o-kllowatt generator and citizens of Spok:.lDe hale recently r!i!Ceiv- The Union is comfortably ensconced in
Ideal. engl~e. The job w111 be started ed: letters from P!lrtles in otbel· States Its new quarters, of which I spoke in
about April 15th. saying thatglowl]lg reports. are abroad my last letter, and ·we look for avery
Bids are out .for the installation of a In those sectwus . whicb giw the impres- healthy growth during the summer_ '
plant in the new grain elevator, wbich 'is sion that Spokane Is:hav.iiig a bulldlllg The most humorous incident which I
b~irig erected by J. C•. Stewart & Co., boom, and t11)\t there Ul"e ~Qt eno'.lgh men believe has ever taken place at·our meet-
but as.!t is a scab job, l,don't know how bere to do the work. Some of those let- ings was when Louis Pflueger, our jani-
1twill Come out. The B. T. A. have bt'en ters have been show lito members of or- tor (for whom there is. now ,ery little
fighting them from the start, but it does ganized labor, who deemed Ittfieir duty. work, and 'we are thinking of dropping
not do much good, as Mr. Stewart has to bring the inatter l/eiOt'e theil·.'·fellow- him frOID the pay roll), offered to ca'rry
imported scabs from. all parts of the workers of other locallties,and hence up two pails of water-()ne more' than
country to come here and work ten hours passed the following .. resohit~()ris: usual-every meeting night If we would
for what pay he chooses to give thenl. I "Whereas,. It ·has~ome;to· ,11e:'Dotice of only keep him on the' roll. Just thInk,
was talking the other day with a car- the trades councU that rellO!tS are being water. And yet he is still on the list:
penter who came all the way from Flor- circulated broadcast .thro\lgbQut the GEO. S. CRABBE,
ida. to wotk on this job. I asked him (!Ountry of Ii scarcity"of ,. J<,I.llorers and Press Secretary.
what pay he Was getting, and he said mechunil::s of all kindRln tl!Js City, and
that he did not know; that he bad been that extraordinary high· wages are being NOTES FROM MEXICO.
working two weeks and had never been offered for their services; and,···'·: '
paid off or asked what pay he was to "Whereas, It is known t6·the trades Aguns Callentes (Hot Waters), Mexico,
receive. Eyery Uleans. possible was Cuuhcil that the fe.d· lSmte vf :ti'faiJ.'s is Alll'll 19, 1897., . '
brought to bear upon Mr. Stewart to in- lal·gely exagg-eratedby' these reports, Editor "Electrical Worker": Upon'
duce him to employ Union labor, but and they they. are circulated to flood the IImving the State of Callfornia.·I prom-
" witQout avail.. 10c~U labor market, and thereby (IE-press ised so many of my friends .lind brothers
We are glad to !;lee that No. 60 is still a rate ot wages, now 'only ;;utficient to 'to write to them, that I feel I ('annot keep
doing 'business at the old stand. Come furnish the indispensable nel'e:-;sities of my prQ.il.Iise without doing- a litt1c scheru-·
agaIn Bro. (nom de plume) Rose. \Ve life; thei'efore, be It lug, so I concluded to wI'lte DIY letter to
would like. to hear from you oftener. It . '''Uesolyed" That the trades council of the "Worker" and tet all the boys beHeve
Is a long tiule between drinks with No. Spokane d'?eUlS it its duty to inforLl the that I have written to them, -:\£v lettel'
00. 'Yorkers elsewhere o. the following facts: w_.l not, howe,·el·, be in the strictest
No.< 71 is dOing a good business just T.hat whjlc·this:.spction Qf the country stmse im electrical effolt, but will be de-
now. 'Ve. hfHI two lights to connect lip ~njoys fi,r the present a pcrl"d of. pros- scriptive, whicl! I hope the boys will
at our last meetln~, and they hoth pel"it~.. , and while thpl'.e is (:m:sirlernble lind cntertainillJ.: antI illstl'uf'tiYe. liS. it
bllrned uP. to ('fUlfIll' liowel·, and tlint tleuumd ·fOl· l.ci~ of various ~illlls here, will be absolutely reliable,
Isn't all; we have live more I think to ~:et . . t1H:: local flupply is quite a.lequate 'fhe city of AI-,'U!ls Caliente!! Is ,.itu:ltt~d
cut in at our next weeUng. to ln~!!tun· deumncls that may lie' made :i.bout 000 miles south af the Na.tional
. MayJ . THE ELECTRICAL WORKER. 13

Une, upon the J\Iexil'an Central Railroad.

It derives its name from the numerous
the same time that the monu!pent went
down, and it has not been rung since. ........... EARN
600
A,BICYOLE
n ...
tieco.d ci Wboer.. 4111
hot springs which are found here. It The city just noW is gi"t:llltly excited 4laJ;ea. GooD.AS "EW. $5 to
SIS. l'e. High. end. ';a
is a city of about 45,000 or 50,000 people. over Whll,t Is known as the fNIstof Salt model •• fully guilranteed. III
~Inrc\1s;:~~ich .beg:us on t1le. 20thdn~' to ,2i. sprrial Clear-
· There are ·Iocated here several very large of this month and lasts for two weeks. '-:;~'if:=..JI "R~~J '''II 6ale. Shipped aD,.,
smelters and reduction works, which There are many things In connection lCI where OD npproTal.
w. will ~..,. _ _"ible -VI.
prove a vast income· to the town in the with this feast that are not generally In each town rr.e ... of samplo
WhHI to introduee them. Our
· way of sUver, lead, copper, iron and gold. known, and which I presume would be
There is an electric light plant here, of gr~ interest to the boys. The ·feast cud tb.eoUDtrr~*::=~.~C:t!~~:~~7::;
Which "pods at the present time two of San Marcus is un event celebrating H. E. MEAD &, PRENTISS, - CHICAGO, ILL.
· Heis.ler dynamos, which supply current Easter, and. for the· past week prelimin-
for. two circuits of eighty la-c. p. incan- ary services haye been going on; on'the a person meets a· native upon the. street
descent lamps, cut in series. The plant 15th, special prayer services were held whose clotbing has not been patched
and equlpments·at·e under the manage- by the people, in which so many engaged· over and ovel' agaIn, and yet it is so di-
ment of Mr. Wm. Schroeder, formerly that all the. churches, their yards, and lapidated that it will not coyer his per-
of St.. Louis;. a capable map in every surrounding i>treets were filled. witll son. They al'e a nation of beggars, whose
· sense. of ·the .word. The Heisler system, praying people. This continued all day <:hildren, from the smallest up, are
· however, is now considered too ancient and the next day (Good Friday), On the trained to beg from Aniericans in the
and the company has concluded to re- 15th, boys begin to appear on the streets most approved manner. Nearly the
place it with mQre modern machinery. cal"t'ying stuffed Judilses of all sizes, whole race here are thieyes and Woe have
They contemplate the remodeling of the ft'orn four inches to seven feet in .height, been compelled to keep a constant watch
plnnt by putting In a pair of United gen- whicb tbey were oft'et'ing for sale. Dur- upon our property (an animatoscope) tQ
erators, and changing the wiring of the Ing the evening of the 15th and for three preyent them from st!!aling the w.boleor
city· from a series. system to a multiple. nights followIng, boys have been in the some part of It. It Is strange that peo-
This work will be commenced at Ollce, towers of th.e churches beating the ple who can betray so keen a religion
I1S Mr; Chas. Lampert, also of your city, walls and bells wIth sticks, it being can fall so low in morals and in princi-
is now here to assist in the reconstruc- their desire to drIve out the devils that pl~. There Is certainly something
tion of the plant. . There· are no tele- are hanging around the town. On Good wrong with theIr teachei's.
phones or other electric devices In the Friduy the usual services of the Catholie Now, BI'o. Kelly, 1 do not suppose that
CllY. Neither do I conshler the town ehm'ch were conducted In all the you al'e prepared to pI'intthe whole Mex·
suitable for the introduction of electrical cilmches. On the moming of SatUrday, ican history in the "'Vorker", of this Is-
appliances at this ·time. The people tnke the 17th, a great change was noticed sue,so I will clotle. I wilIask your jour-
a great interest in electrical proulems, it throughout the city. )lany ropes had nal to renll~inuer me to all the brothers,
is true, but it is more to· satisfy their been dl'awn aCI"OSS the streets during the especially to those of the PaCific Coast.
desire to see something new, than to night, from which were dangling the Ju- If any of them can write to nie ut Silas,
adopt electrical featw'es into general dases that had been oft'ered for sale dur- lIexico, friends wiII re-addt'ess to ·me.
use.. . ing the past few days. Upon inquiry, I Also tell the boys tbat I am well and
The city of Aguas Calientes is a yery learned that these, the Images of the be- llluking money. l"raternally yours,
old town. The streets are mostly thirt~' trayer ot ow' Christ, wer~ to be de- F. E. PETERS,
feet in Width, ~nd not very straight, and stl'oyed at 9 o'clock in the rnorning. Of Member of. No. 61.
paved with cobblestones all over the course I had to witness this, so I wan·
City. The sidewalks are five feet wide dered down to the principal church, be-
and are paved with slaus of sandstone. fore which hung three enormous Jll- A BIG ELECTRIC RAILWAY CON-
lIany of the walks are worn concave by dases, while upon the stl'eets were gath- TRACT LET.
the tread of centuries. The street car ered thousands of people, including all The. Century Engineering Co.; Of
servIce. consists of fairly good cars, with conditions of lIfe, shaking their fists and Clevelund, 0., has contracted for ·100
two mules hitched up a la tandem for swearing at the hanging images. A 9 miles of electric railroad to commence ut
motive power. There are in the city o'clock there was a, great commotion. A. Benton Harbor, Mich., and extend to
many beautiful and substantial build- peon came down the street, ,yUh a burn- Sister Lakes,branches North of Alle-
Ings, constructed of can'ed sandstone. ing taper on the end of a bamboo pole, gan and South of Casopolis. There are
There are also mallY gardens and pub- and set fire to the tails of the images. to be fOUl· power houses on the line; each
Uc parks, which are quite interesting to Now this fire divulged a secret to me. station to feed 15. miles each way.· Each
. an American, inasmuch as they contain Each tail contained a firecracker in· pro- station to be equipped with two dIrect
different varieties of flowers and trees, portion to the Size of the tail, and when connected 400 K. W., except at Benton
and tlmt the -6t~'le of orliftmentation is this exploded the peopie rushed upon the Harbor, that station baving three direct
entirely dift'erent from what we find in imll~:es, pulled thern down 'vith hooks connected 400 K. W. It was decided to
the States. 1.'he square known here as altd dragged them about the streets, spat use the marine type of engine and
the Central Plaza. situated in the heart upon them, and auused tbern in every Scotch boilers. The Globe Iron 'Yorks of
of the city, is more genel'Ully used for conceivaule manrier, after which they at- U1eveland secured the contract to builll
recreative purposes than any othel' plaza tended ChUl'ch againano were ready for tbis machinery and boilers. The engines
in the city, although thel'e are many of the services that followed on Easter Sun- are of the Inverted, direct connected
them here. This plaza covers an entire day. Now the feast of San l\farcus that type of marine machine, ot 20" and 40"
block, ·and is walled in with great ash will follow, is to celebrate the events In diameter of ·cylinder, by 30" stroke, di-
trees". Around the roots of each tree religious history, attending the betrayal, rect connected to the Walker genera-
there has been built a settee of carved crucification and ascension of Christ. tors at 120 reYolutions per mlntlte. The
8IUldstone. These and other seats, hid- This feast will be conducted in the Gar- engines are to generate 700 indicated H.
den among the shrubbery of thePluzn, den of San l\farcus, the largest and rnost P., at 1-3 cut-otI. The boilers are ot
are nightly O<:cul>ied by the natives of beautiful garden in the city. This gar- Single ended type, about 12 feet by 12,
both sexes, .who sing nnd talk, and den iias been decorated in a peculinr to carry 125 pounds pressure.-Scientlflc
otherwise enjoy the incomparahlfl nl!!:hts ,,'uY.' nnd while I connot enter·into a de- !\fachinlst. .
they have in this zone. There are also RCl'iption of it, I have prOfited very much
, in this Plaza four public water foun- in lines of decoratiYc art.· The general DE)"INITIONS.
tains, made acttve by the constant golng details of the feast that are to follow, I Trade U11ion. - An organized associa-
and coming of thousands of water girls. .will leave for a later contribution, but I tion of workmen skilled in any trade or
)o'rom the center of the Plaza rises nn an- will pause for a moment at this time to ind,;!strial occupatio!! formed ~or the pro-
cient monument, erected in 1535, It is touch upon the habits and dispOSition of tectIon and promotion of their common
SO feet in height. Tile top of this mon- the people. interests, especially to proclI:-e remunera-
lUuent was knocked oft' by Gen. Taylor Rernembp.r that the people here ·are tive wages for their labor.
during his bombaJ'oment of the city In not the tmc Spaniards aud Indians (the . Socia/ism.-A theory of civil polity that
ISt5, uut it has been repaired. lmmll- true Castilliari· li\"es farth!!r south), and alms to secure the reconstruction of
diutely across the street from the Plaza possesses every shade of complexion and society, increase of wealth, aud a more
"tands one of the great cathedrals of the morals. They are a people without o!ql1al distribution of the prcdtlcts of
city, wbose great dome, 170 rel!t in' price or ambition. '.rhey are poor in the labor through the public collective owner-
height, contains scven bells of different midst of wealth; a few are well dressed, sllip of laud Imrl capital (as distiuguished .
sizes. One of the largest of these Willi 1\ few arc entirely nuked, and the vast trom property), and the public collective
piel'CP.d by an Aniel'lcnn solid shot Ilt . majot'!ty are in rags. It is seldom that management of all industries.
 14
Directory of, Local Unions.
.(SeCretaries "ill please fnrnish the necessary in·
formation to make this directory complete. Note
that the tiwu and place of meeting, the name of the
~ident; the names and add"esses of the Record.
in&" and Financial Secretaries are required.)
lio. I, St. Louis, ltlo.-Meets everv Tneoiday at
a. eo cor. Zlst and Frankl hi avenne. M.I". Dnrkin,
Pres.. 2ZZ3 Wash st.; 1". H. Daggett, R. 5., 1220 St.
ADgeav.; -,. P. Casey,~. 5.,2702 Sprinlr avo
lio ••, ~waukee.. WJs~Meets every Friday at
318 State st. W. A. Gerar.!1ea, Pres., 457 Broad"a)";
Chas. Herman, R. 5.,1815 Walnut st.; Joe Harris,
P. 8.. 448 Russell ave.
lio. 3, Denver, Col~B. 1". I"ayne, Pres .. 1011
19th at..; Gee. P. Manning, Sec., 1633 I"awrence ·st.
lio. 6, liew .Orleans, La.-,Meets 1st and 3d
Tuesdays at Carondelet. anc\Perdido sts. J. Mc· .
Gregor, Pres., Zll1 Rousseau st.; C. M. Hale. R. 5.,
630 St. Mary st.; R. B. joyce. F. 5 .• 331 S. Bassin st.
lio. 3~ Pittsburg. Pli.-A. E. Eldridge. Pres. 156
.Devil~ers st:; H; McGregor; R. 5., Nesbit & AlIe·
·q~.sts.;..C. J. Jeffery, F.S;. 623 I..owell st.
S"o~.~, 8an Francisco, Cal.-Meets 2nd and 4th
Wedne&daysat Forester's Hall-; 20 Eddy st, A.
Co Johnson, Pres., 2Z6 Turk ,st.; J. J. Cameron.
R.S.• 1SlOMissionst; R. P. Gale. Jo'. S .. lootl"arkin·st.
. lio. . 'I, Springfield. Mass.-Meets every
Wednesd!ly at room 14. Barnes Blk..Wm. Gregg,
Ptes•• 107 Bancroft st.; T. H. Bowen, R. 5.,26 Hub·
bard av.; Jos. McGilvray, F. 5., :H Gray avo . Cronin, R. S .. 49 Wiildsor st.; C . .a. Bvrne, F. S .• 16
lio. ·8~ Toledo, O. - Meets every Tuesday at
Prienuhfp Hall, cor. Jefferson and Summit sts.
P. Crowley, Pres .. 848W.l"afayette st.; E. McGinn.
R. 5., 23S Western ave.; . W. H. Welsh. F. 5., 1907
Cherry at. . F ..S., 28 Norton st.
. lio. 9~ .Chlcago, 11l.-Meets every Saturday at
106 B. B,andolph st. A. F. Sumer. Pres., :H33 Stste
st.; L. Christenson. R. S., IOU S ..Irving ave.; Co
W. BeacJ>. F.S., 593ISangamon st. . R ..S .• 40 Wils.ltl st.; G. D. Higgins, F. S., 8 Car-
No. 10;'lndlaliapolis, Ind.-lIieets 1st and 3rd
Monday at 2936' W. l'earl.t. John Berrv. Pres .• care
of headquarters Fire Dept.; E. Bussele, R. S.,-187
N. Illinois st.; B. ~. Hartung, F. S •• Rooms fr7
Cyclorama Bldg. . "-
lio. 11,.Terre Haute, Ind.-Meels 2d and 4th
Tneadays at 8th and Main sts. c C. D. Updl:graff,
Prea... SZ9 5.. Ninth 5t.; M. Davis. R,S.• 918 N. 9th st.;
W. H. Schaffer,.F~,S" 114 N, 14th st.
No. U, Evansville,. Ind.-Meet every Tnesday
at eor. 3rd and· Sycamore st. Harry Fisher, Pres.,
2IX) Clark·st.; A. 1".·Swanson, R. S •• 1054 Water st;
A. li. Grant, F. 5., 20Z Clark st.
Ko. I., ltlempbJs, Tenn. - Chas. E. Blake.
Prea •• 'X):Mulherry st.;, J;' A. Myles, Sec., 2111 De
Soto at.
lio. 15, <PhDadelphia, Pa.-Meets every Tues-
day at 7U Spring' Carden st. E. G. Bo>.'le, Pres.,
PenD. Fanners' Hotel. 3d and Callowh.1I sts.; E.
Hennessy, R. S .• 1518 French st.; Chas. T. I"ang.
P. S., 8Z9 Race !i.t. , MaB'Dire. F. S;;<J5:Christian st.
No. 16; LyJin, ltla88.~Meet 'at Gener:al Elec-
tric nand Room. 9" South st. Jas. Robson. Pres .•
46W. Neptune st.; C. W .. Perkins. R. S., 6 Allen's
Court; B. J. Malloy, F. S., 86 Cottage st. . No. 48, Ft. 'Vayiie, Ind~Meeta· 1st and 3rd
. . . ,1.1J~ ~it, Mlcll. - Meets 1st and 3d
Thursdays at Room 8 Hilseudegen Block. W. J.
DonoVllJl• .Pres., lIZ Chestnut st.: Geo. H. Brown,
R. S.SO Lewis st.; P. F.Andrich. F. S .. 369 Chene st.
lio. 18; Kansas City, ltlo.-lIleets 2d and 4th
IIridays at 1117 Walnut st. J. J. Lynch. Pres., 716
Delaware st.; C. F. Drollinger. R. 5 .• 326 Garfield
av•• Kansas 'City, .Kas.; J. H. Lynn, F. S., Z215
Woodland ave. . Meridian st.; P. Campbell. R. S ... 12.10 .In·ing'av.;
lio. 19, Chicago, In.-Meets 1st and 3d Tue~
days at 6512 ,Cottage Grove avo M. J. Sullivan,
~., 495l Princeton av.; G. W. Richart. R. S .. 5610
S. Halsted st.; D. Pearce. F; 5.,35010 Wentworth avo
lio. In, Wheeling, 'V. Va,-lIleets 1st and 3d
Tnesdays at Trades Assembly lIall. H. F. WYse,
~ .• Bol<·U1; C. 1". Ullery, R. S .• BOl< Ill; W. J.
Clark, F. 5., McClure House.
lio. 22" Omaba, Neb. - Meets every 1st and
3d Wednesdays at I"aborTemple.17th & Douglas st.
J. W. Watters; Pres., 2211 Pierce st.; M. J. Curran.
R. S •• 1814 St. MarY's av.; W. J. Wales, F. S., IBM
Farnnm.t.
No~ 23, 5t. Panl, Minn.-Meets 2d and 4th·Fri-
days at Labor Hall, :lrd and Wabasha sts. Jno.
·O'DonneJl. Pres .. 4th and Wabasha sts.; Thos.
O'Toole. R. S., 3J3 E. 6th st.; F. Volk. F. S., 175
W. 6th st. '.
lio. 24,. 'ltllnnea1>01ls; lUhm.-Meets 1st Slid
3rd Wednesdays at34 and 366th st. S. Gee. Heilig.
Pres., 18.9th st.; 1,,; R .. Stevens, R. S., 18 Western
av.: A. Aune. F. S .. 3129 LongfcJ1ow avo
lio. 23. Dul\lth~ ~lhlll.-lIleets 2d and 4th
Thursdays at room 6 Baljning Blk. R. Thayer,
Pres.• 24 Third ave~·W.; 1". P; Runkle, R. 5., 17 Nor·
ris Blk.; Jas. F. Owens. ",. S .. 414 E. 1st st.
lio. 26, Washington, ·D.(J.-Meets every Mon·
day at 628l"ouisiana avo Jos. Pattersou, Pres .. 1127
12th st. N. E.; H. E. Kaighn, R. S., 1425 Euclid Pl.;
R. F. Metzer. F. S .. S0911th st. N. W.
No. 2'7, Baltimore.lIId.-l\leets every Monday
at Hall. cor. Fayette and .Pa~k avs. C. F. l,~itT..
Pres .. S06 S. pulaski st;; J. P. Joues;· ·R. '.5., .H14
Mosher ~t.; F. H. Russell, F. :5,. 1'100 Asquith st.
. 'THE ELECTRICAL WORKER.
No. 28, LouL.vllle. Ky.-Meets 1st and Jd Tues·
days at. Beck Hiill. 1s~ st. n~r Jefferson Cali/iit
Beach. Pres,.·l020 W. Market st.' £d. Herpt, R. S.,
607 Magnolia ·st.; Jno; C. Deihel, F.S. , .f18 15th st.
No. ~!), Ai,antR, Ga.-:Meets every Sunday at
61" Alaoama bt. Geo. Foster. Pr~'., 100 Wlllker
st.; D. J. Kerr. It.S;, 114 Richardson st.; Geo. Ray-
mer. F. S .• III Ahodes st. . lio. 61, 1;0. Angeles, Cal. - C. P. I"ofthouse,
No. 30. CII'clnnati, O.-Meets 1st and 3d Mon·
days a~ 1:!6 .a. Court st. W. Wi!liamr., PTeS., Zb
M.tche.l ave.• Mt. Auburn; H. C. Geu<1ch. R. S .•
223 'fl. Court st:; J. F. Ha<1nuth, F. 5., :uss Vernon
st., Clifton Height9.
No. 31, J6I's';y.Ci~. li. J.-Meet~·24 and 4tb
Thursdays at 116 Newar" av.· .Tllns. Wlitson. Pres..
513 JerS~ ~v.; F. J. An<!erS?_n;. R. S;,.lZS:o/lI,Shing.
tott.st.; A . . . . Jones, F. S .• 1.3, ",ran.. st. . ...
!'fe.. 32, Paterson,·N;.J.-lIIee151s~4h'a'-3d Mon·
days at Geru~an Unil)Q·Hall. J. F. C·)lvin. Pres.,
C)b3·Madison av.; Jos. :.tah~r, R. 5 .• J48 Grand st.,
raterso,! Heights, Fa~erson. N. J.; John Kane, F .S.,
Z74 Ham.lLc.n avo o' •
No. 35,' BOAton·,;ttraslI. - M...ets '''\'ery Wed·
oesuay ilt Well's Memorial HilI!; 987 Wasliillgton
st. J; .I"arkin. Pres .• 13Cambrldge·st.; D .. l\[cGilliv·
ray, R. S .. 7 ..'luw~ldkl·ark:.:R~xb.ury; R. H.
Bradford, F. S;. 268 River st., Cambndgc.
· No. 36, Saeranlento, Cal.-·J. A. -<:.ombach,
Pres.,1613 4th st.; E. G: Fletcher, R. 5., S05 J st.;
G. E. Flauagan, F. S;;'1315 l{ st. .
No.3., Hartford, Conll.-Meets 1st 'and 3d
Fridays at Central Uuion I"abo~.Hall. 11 Central
Row. M. F. Owens, PI'eS .. 63 Hawthorne st.; D. F.
John st. . day at I"abor Hall. S. D. Claiborne, Pre& .. 141 San
No. 38, Cloeveland • .-o.-Meets eve~ Thursdav
at 393 Ontario st. R.:·1\t. Ross. Pres:~'33J{ Colgate
st.; H. C. Ou, R. S •• .68·.-<:lara st.; J .. E. Suloff,
. Tuesdays at Trades Assemblv Hall. eor: Centre
No. 39, Provld",iee,R. I.-Meets 1st 'and 3d
Mondays at Phrenix Bldg, 157 Westminster· st. H.
B. Kelly. Pres .• 1950 Westminster st.: M.I". Carder,
penter st. . '
No. 40,St. Josepb. ltlo.-Meets every Monday
at Ilorth·west con.er 8th.and I..ocust sts., "Brock·
kW'S Hall." R .. l\I; Ma.tin, Pres., 1702 N. 3d st.;
Wm. Dorsel, R. S.,l710 Calhoun st; F. A. 'Dunn, F.
S .. '426 Edmond st. . .'
No. 41, .l·hUndeJphia, PR.-Geo. A. Neal, Pres.•
3626 Wharton st." •.
No. 43. SYI'RC!\Ule; N. Y~-Meet .. 1st and Jrd
Thursd!lVs at Creen ....llld'oll Hall. c;<>r.!I{n·lberry and
Water st.; F. A. Chadwick. Pres.,IOS Roberts ave.;
G. A. Davenport. R. S.,' 6016 Gifford. st.; ehas. A.
Miller. F. S .. 906 Montgomery st. .
No. 44,.Jtochester,·N.Y.-F. M. K~lloe. Pres.,
Zl Costar st.;. Wm. ·A. I;reue,~. 5;. 56 4th st.;
Fred Fish, F.S., 12l·Slate st. . .
No. 45, DuifRlo, li. Y.-~,Ieets 1st and 3rd Sat·
urdays. at Council' Hall ..' . W1D;·lia't')T. 'Pres.. 125
Erie st.; Chas. Guy~cn: R ..S., 1245W811I1V.; C. E.
Stinson, F. S.; 298 Caroliua:st•. ,...
lio. 46, LQ ......II. M"U.'-~I. J. Burn", Pres., Po-
lice Dep't; Tho~. Dalton. R.S. 368 Concord st.; H. E.
.
No. 4'7, Wor<:ester.• 1I1nss.-C; t. Cogblill, Pres.
llJWest st.; Geo. R.l"incoll1, R.S.,l\tiUbnry; Thos.
Reed, F. S .. 6llllyrtle ·st. . . '.
Fridays at cor. of M.ain and Clinton sts. R. Bar·
tel. Pres.• Hotel Tremont; A. J. I"athQase. R. S.,
U8 Wells st.; G. B. Taylor. F. S .. 31 Douglas avo
No. 49, BloomingtOn, 11l.-Meets 2d 1II0nday
at Trades Assembly lIall. C. F. SlIyder. Pres., Box
328; Guy Carlton. R. $ .. East and Market s.ts.; W.
C.' Gorey', F. S .. 409!!. Madison st. . Endo"'" b, the A. F. of L:
No. 1>1, Scranton,.Pa.-Jas. Hardiug, Pres., 601
Ruben Rohins, F. S .. l223 Hampton lit.
No. 52, Din'enporl. In.-:lfeelS· 1st and 3d
Tuesday; A. L. \\'beeler. -Pres., Atlantic lIotel; J.
H; Clark. See., 2.15 Iowa st. .
No. 53, Harrisburg, ·PB.-C. A. Swager, Pres.,
115~ Market sf~; Jas. Emminger. It. S., 25 N. 15th
st.i C. Anderso'n, F'. S;, 46.Summitt st.
No. 34, Pcnria, III.-Meets 1st and 3rd Wed·
nesdays at 301 Maio st. H. Schearer. Pres., 119
W. Je!!erson st.; Ha!!}, DlIn~, R. S .• East Peoria;
1". C. Crawlev. F. 5 .• 115 Washmglon st.
: No. 55 D,,;, ltloiues, la.-L. M. Steadman, Pres.,
~: J.. Purcell, R. S., Gratis st, S. S.: Wm. Leedon,
· N ....JiG, Erie, P.a~F:d. Gilmore, Pres., 21.8 Stste
Ql125'
street: E. T. Ind"rmill .. R. S., caT<! Black Mfg. Co.;
J. P. Hanlon, F. S ... Z3 N. Park ROW.=:,=========P"'l"'=='1=1=.'=gud,==...
PER MONTH FOR ONE YEAR WILL PAY FOR ••••
\I).: - The· Electrical Worker's Course
· THE CORRESpoNDENCE SCHOOL OF TECHNOLOGY,
.' CLEVELAND, OHIO.
Ask the S~cretary of your lodge, or bend to the School for
. particular&, and special rate~ ~o N. 1l. E. W . .
'1\lake a Start Now'
~. .'.
Tbiswill pay you several hundred Per cent.
TO ~AllN MORE;. I"EARN MORE. .
{May
lio. 57, Salt Lake City, Ut8h.-R. Blair, Sec'y,
care of Citizens 'E. 1". Co. ..
No. 60, San Antonio. Tex.-Meets 1st and 3d
Saturdays, Meyers' Hall, Alamo Plaza... Martin
Wright, Pt'es.,114 Romania st.; J. P. Gittinger,
R. 5., 326 Fest st.; W. F. Hendricks, F. S., 72Z Mos-
quite st. . ' ..
Pres., 746 San Julian st.; F. W. Messacar, R. S.,
Station A; W.R. Kingston. F. S., 119 Kern st.
lio. 62. KII\1amazoo. Mlch_A. D. Ayris. Pres.,
S34 S. Burdick st.: 1". Bellman, R. 5., S40'l'ine st.; .
G. B. Tifft, F. S., 324 Sarah st. .' '
No. 63, Tampa. Fla.-Thea. Glil1n, Pres:;-Pt.
Tampa City; W. F. Crofts, R. S·., lock' box 264;
Arthur D. HenrY, F. S., OOl<22O. '. .. .
lio. 65, Bntte, Mont.-Meets 'lst 'and' 3d Sun.
days in Good Templars Hall. W •..Broadway. J. R.
Dutton. Pres., 601 Placer st.; D. J. WinSlow. R.S ..
103 E. Granito st.; A. G. Ellerick. F.S .. Gen'l Del.
No. 60, Houston, Tel<~Meets 1st &: 3d Mondays.
G. O. Wood, Pres .. 121+ Providence stl A. H.
Stelle, R. S" 12 Main st.; W. V.' Fisk. F. 5., care
Telephone office. ... .
N.C). 67, Qnlnc", ro.-Meets ZIld "lind 4th
Wednesdays at Trades Assembly Hall. SO. 5th st.
Wm. Wagoer, Pres .• S17Sycamorest:: E. W. Ness.
ler,R .. S.,602Si><thave S.; D.M. MallinSQQ, F. S ••
1120 V.ne st. "
. lio. 68, Little Bock, Ark.-G. W. Wilson, Pres.
care Brown Machine Co.; C.J.·Griffith. R.,S .. car~
1". R. Tract. & EI. Co.; C. M. Milham,.F. S.·, 309 W.
Markham: st. .
No. 69, Dallas, Tex.-Meets 1st and 3rd Satur.
Jacinto st.; W •. H. Young. R. 5 .• 190 Beaumont st.;
F. G. Montgomery, F. S., 190 Collins st. -.
lio. '70,.Scbenectady, li. Y _Meets '2<\' and 4th
and Stste sts. F. I"itzendorf, Pres .• Crane st.,
Mt. Pleasant; W. A. Birch R. S .. 6Q! I"iberty st.·
J. D. Betting, F. S .• 626 Villa road. '
No. '71, Galveston. Tel<. - Meets 2d and 4th
Wednesdays. J. T. Payne. Pres .. 1314 Centre st.;
F. J. Schallert, R. 5., ·ZS1+ Church st.; G.I". Gar.
rett. F. S .• 21~ Av. 1". ' '.
No. '72, Waco, Tel<~Meets 2d and 4thWednes-
days at I"abor Hall. M. F. Wortham. Pres., 912 S.
6th st.; Jos. Hodges. Sec'y. 728 S. 6th st.
lio. '73. Spokane, Wash~ - Meets 1st and 3rd
Tbursdays at Oliver Hall. J36~ Riverside av. Gus
Benson. Pres., 504 Nichols Block; .T.. H. Denter
R. s., bol<635; C.C. Van Inwegen,F.S .• 107 HoWard
st. S. . .
No. 74, Fall River, Mass.-i\leets every Mon.
day at cor. Main and Bedford ~ts. W. r:\\'hite,
Pres.. 59 Bowen st.; Jas. Murphv, II.. S., loo4th·st.;
Thos. Bailey, F. S., 135 Snell st. "
No. '75, Grand Rapids, Mich.-Med$ 1st and
3d Fridays. D. B. Mcintyre. Pres., Ohio"'House:
Owen Freeman, R. S.; G. H. UiggiDs, .. F. S., 63
Pleasant st. ~
No. '78, Saginaw, Mlch.-Jas. Hodgins, pra.,
308 N. Frsnklin st.; John Strachan. ·,R. S .. J36 N.
Zudst.; Chils. Ross, F. S., P. O. box,zzs. E. S.
No. 79, Austin, Tel<.-Meets every Thursday
night at Ma~bee Hall. J. 1". Vorkal1fer •. Pres.,
1206 San JacInto st.; Chas. J. Jackson. R. S.,
Mayor's office; B. Y.l"ovejoy,F. S.,109-111E. 7th st.
·k ~
PATRONIZE UNION CLERKS.
All members o. the R. C. N. P. A. can show this card.
Ask for II when making your purchases,
.
. ONE·THIRD ACTUAL IIZE.
COLOR IS CllANGEtJ.£ACH iJUARTEIi.
Goodon'1darl~m",,"' . .amed,.lo..er"R ha.d<om.'.Dd .....
=d=ST=A=M=P=ED==..=IIh=Ih:;.:;D.=Dl=....
=o=,=",=,=LocaL===
.
Liberal Com.miss." ('ns.
v
 ONE DOl..L·AR WILL
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 PATENTS
PATENT AND
TRADE-.'t\ARK
LAWYERS
·!nSh..uct1on.·By,"Mall In ,the eperatio:nd. Installaticin of
.. ,Patents Obtained
~Trade-Marks Registered.
,~ Elect1;"i~ Light, POWer arid' Railway .Pl~ts,
800 RIALTO BLDG., KNIGHT S;:udlel' c"rrie.l ..Ii llt lwmc:' No tinie lost I
Dynamo' Tendeno, Linemen, Wiremen,
fr3ID wot'k. Tboruultb iu",trucHun. J"ractl- . j\[otormen,. Armature Ilnll<IUagnct "'h,deTS
"al m ..Uwds. Enilo..,.ed b)' Englnec ..... and. I and other Electrical 'Yorkers caD fit thew-
ST. LOUIS, MO. BROTHERS Leatilng' EJectrical' Jouro"l~. : ."Ive. for "dvancement. '
Onr coe..,.e. are,designed by prncli<'al nIen who fully underst'and what wor"ingm'eu
WM. H. BRVAN, M. AM. SOC. M. E. should ~tudv.to qualiiy. thelU to "'10 promotion, We begin at the. beginnin.g of every sub-
ject so thaGf a ,man .:anread and write and will study. we can .teach hi:n. Iustruction
tI. H. HUnptl~EV, M. S.. , ana 21lestimi rapel's and Urawing l'lates, better than text books .. ha"e been prepared
MECHANICAL AND eSp"cially for: Ollr students, at an expense exceeding $100.(.(0. These are Jurnis~ed free.
.- Studies are cttrri""l Oil uncle.. the d'rectiv;1 of the ablest instructors who direct the student
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERS an.t ACstM hlm in his ~tll(ljes. . . .
lectric Light, Railway and Power. Water Works. . 'l'he Eledri"nl 'Pow",' uUlI Lighting Scholn ....hlp·inc\udes completeJnstruction
E Steam Heating; Steam and Power Plants.
Economic: Shop Arrangement. Designing SpL-cial
:.. ;n tuithmetic, ·Men"urnlion and the lOse.of Letters in Algebraic FOnDulas and in
. '~fech'lRical Dnhving. The startent letlrns enough of mathematics to co~pute th" power
Tools, Consultations, Estimates, Plans. Specifica- and capaci!v of electrical machinery. and learns how to make' a drawing of It machine or
tions, Superintendence, Examinatious, 'rests, Re· piece of machinery. The electrical instruction heg;ns ,vith Elementary Electricity l'nd
ports and Purchasing. ~ . MagnetislI\ and the sin'ple .'l.rith:uetic of Electrical Quantities and extends through 'the
ROoms. I and 2, Turner Building, construcl1on-, iost81!s.tion, ~peratioD and care of d\·t!amos and motors of different.k.i~ds.
including lilose lor railwayQn<l lUine use; the connection of switch-boards for "arioils
ST. LOUIS. pUrPOses; the calculatinu· of wiring for ,lighting and power circuits; the cOlIstruction,
'elfi'Ciencv and, candle-power of arc aud incaudesc';nf lalnps; the construction and
tlig.ll, ATTORNEYS
•• AT LAW
manag"inent of electric' railways, etc, . ,"
We also teach by ~~l Mechanical. Milling aud Civil Engineering; Mechanical and Architectural Draw-
Longan " ing; ,Architecture; Plumbing, Heating' and Ventilation; English Branches;
, "" Stenogra"hY'Book-keeplDg and Business FOnDS. '
«Higdon
,
Patents Obtained and Draw-
ings IIlade of Complex 'MENTION THE SUBJECT IN WHICH YOU ARE INTERESTED
•• '.' ••••••. Electrical Inventions. ."'" ,::A,ND SE'ND,.,I'OR BOOK OF TESTIMONIALS AND FULL
'DESC.RI.PTlq_N OF.OUR SCHOOLS. FREE. WRITE TO
,sT. LOUI5-0dd Fellows Bldg.. Znd Floor,
, F;ntrance 2Ob. THE INTERNATIONAL CORRESPONDENCE SCHOOLS,
W ASHINOTON-Room 48, Pacific Bldg. ":B~x;~t029. SCRANTON. PA.
Op. Patent Office:

A l!Io"EW RUBBER FOOT.

An inlprovem-ent has been recently
made by A. A. Marks, 701 Broadway, New
York, in artificial feet, which seems as
perfect a counterfeit of the natural mem-
ber as it is possible for human ingenuity
to secure.
The new, invention consists of a layer
of steel springs ingeniouslY'arranged in a
i
. Dew form of spongy rubber, with a large I
air chamber so arranged IIS,to prevent the
heel f:rom matting or failing ill elasticity.
II
I

I
I
I
The operation of this steel spring mal-
, tress is·,to throw the toe back as it is bent
in walking, and thus materially assist ,in
I
locomotion. "
This mechanism bas been submitted to
the most severe mechanical test, and found
to be so durable that after 10,000 miles of I
actual walking it shows no signs ofgiving I
way; I
By this improvement the foot is also II
lightened, and now weighs from eight to
sixteen onnces less than any other made. . I
-_._------_._- I
ELECTRICAL WORKERS
SEND IN YOUR ORDERS FOR • • • •

EMBLEMATIC
I
,!

BUTTONS
A'large Supply on haud.
Solid Gold, $1.00 each.
Rol1ed Cold, SOc: each.

J. T. KELLY, Orand _Secretary,

91); Olive Street. ST. 'Nt.TIS, MO.

.~ ...'~"" ~/''': '~~~".'~:-'~-"

":;:; .. '~:'.';~':;J .. ....tU~.\...: "