Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
I Quotation
Product Inquiry
1. Introduction
We often receive calls asking whether the column needs to be replaced if the column pressure increases significantly. However, after inquiring about the problem, it
often turns out that the solvent delivery unit was stuck at maximum pressure (press.max) and actually there was some other reason (such as clogging) besides the
column. This page describes some of these other possible causes.
2. Background Knowledge
Potential Problems That Can Occur When Solvent Delivery Pressure Becomes Abnormally High
First, the following summarizes some of the problems that can occur if the pressure increases abnormally high.
A. If the column packing material is exposed to too much pressure, it can break apar t or create flat spots, being pushed fur ther into the column. This results in even
higher pressure. If a gap opens in the packing material for the inlet, it can distor t the peaks. In size exclusion chromatography, it reduces the pore size, which causes
poor separation.
If the pressure is being applied downstream from the column and the pressure gradient of the column itself is low, the damage is relatively minimal.
B. Excessive pressure applied to the detection cell itself could cause leakage or cell breakage.
C. If tubing or filters become clogged with insoluble matter, liquid may not flow smoothly or component adsorption could cause peak distor tion.
D. Excessive solvent delivery pressure can prevent delivery at the specified flowrates. It also can shor ten the life of consumables.
In General, Disconnect Flow Lines Star ting From the Downstream End
To find the location where pressure is increasing abnormally, in general, flow lines should be disconnected in sequence, star ting from the downstream end, and solvent
pumped through them to check the pressure. If the pressure reaches its maximum (press.max) right away, reduce the flowrate before checking. First, disconnect
connection (1) in Figure 1 and pump the solvent (to check the backpressure tube 4 ) ). If the pressure drops off suddenly (by more than a few kgf/cm 2 ), the backpressure
tube is clogged. If there is no pressure drop, the blockage is fur ther upstream, so disconnect and investigate connection (2) (to check the detector). Similarly,
investigate the connections at (3) (analytical column), (4) (guard column and line filter), (5) (injector), (6) (flow restrictor, pre-column, etc.), (7) (solvent delivery unit
line filter), and so on. Depending on the situation, disconnect other connections respectively as well. If the tubing, cells, filters, or injector experience more then several
kgf/cm 2 by themselves, there is a problem. Pay par ticular attention to areas that are prone to clogging, including filters and the inlet areas of narrow tubing.
Note that the flow lines in the column oven are checked with the oven open, which means it is nearly at room temperature. Therefore, pumping the same flowrate as
during analysis could over pressurize the column. Normally, about half the usual flowrate is safe.
Flow line blockages include those that can be cleaned (dissolved) and those that cannot (Table 1). For blockages that cannot be cleaned, backflush or replace that
por tion of the lines.
Detector Cell
This Website uses cookies to offer you a better browsing experience and to analyze our traffic. We also share information about your use of our Website with our group
If the UV cell pressure is unusually high, disassemble the cell before cleaning to prevent breakage.
companies, distributors and analytics par tners. Click "Accept Cookies" to accept the cookies or click "More Information" to find out more about the cookies used on this
website.
Columns
If column pressure is only somewhat high, perform a column check (measure the theoretical number of plates under the factory inspection conditions) to determine
whether it satisfies usage objectives. If pressure is extremely high, the column should generally be replaced. Never theless, if the filter at the inlet end of the column is
More Information Accept Cookies
clogged, it might be resolved by the following procedure, though there is no guarantee.
(1) Backflush at about half the flowrate.
(2) Investigate the pressure at the inlet end of the column (assuming the filter is integrated with the column end, as shown in Figure 3). If that pressure is high, try
cleaning it ultrasonically. If that does not improve it, replace the column end. However, if the new column end does not fit tightly to the ferrule (Figure 3), use thread
sealing tape to prevent leakage. If the filter can be removed from the end, replace the filter.
If the inlet filter clogs frequently, inser t a line filter between it and the injector. However, that will cause peaks to broaden slightly.
Insoluble Debris, dust, large metal par ticles Since no cleaning solution is available, try backflushing
This Website
Nitric Aciduses cookies to offer you a better browsing experience and to Reaction
and Alcohol analyze our traffic. We also share
Flush information
with water about your use of our Website with our group
companies, distributors and analytics par tners. Click "Accept Cookies" to accept the cookies or click "More Information" to find out more about the cookies used on this
website.
5. Situation Specific Measures
Treating the Tip of the Detector Outlet Tube After Analyses Are Finished
The end of the outlet tube (backpressure tube) from the detector is exposed to air, so it tends to vaporize solvents inside the tube. After finishing analyses that use a
buffer solution, inser t the end of the tube into the waste liquid (replace it if turbid) or wrap it with Parafilm. If leaving the system unused for several days, disconnect
the column and flush the LC lines with water, then with methanol. Of course, if a mobile phase that could shor ten the life of the column was used, be sure to rinse it
thoroughly before storage.
1. Flow Restrictor: Here, a flow restrictor is a 2 m long flow line tube with an inner diameter of 0.1 mm, for example, that is connected to the outlet por t of the solvent
delivery unit to improve the efficiency of its high pressure damper, by increasing the load pressure at the analytical flowrate by several tens of kgf/cm 2 .
2. High Sensitivity Damper: A damper used to obtain a baseline with high detection sensitivity in terms of electroconductivity, electrochemistry, and refractive index, by
minimizing the pulse flow of delivery. Normally, it is used in combination with a flow restrictor.
3. Pre-column: Installed upstream from the injector to protect the analytical column from mobile phases.
4. Back Pressure Tube: A flow restrictor connected downstream from the detection cell (backpressure side). Typically a 2 meter long tube with an inner diameter of 0.3
mm is used for UV and other detectors. The pressure is about 2.1 kgf/cm2 for a water or methanol flowrate of 1 mL/min. It is used if air bubbles are generated when
the cell is roughly at atmospheric pressure.
Liquid Chromatography
This page may contain references to products that are not available in your country. Please contact us to check the availability of these products in your country.
Contact Search
SITE MAP
FOLLOW US:
This Website uses cookies to offer you a better browsing experience and to analyze our traffic. We also share information about your use of our Website with our group
companies, distributors and analytics par tners. Click "Accept Cookies" to accept the cookies or click "More Information" to find out more about the cookies used on this
website.