Honors Chemistry Name _______________________

Concentrations of Solutions Date ________________________

Complete the following problems on a separate sheet of paper. Use significant figures.
Note: The density of water is 1 g/mL.
1. What is the molarity of a solution that contains 10.0 grams of Silver Nitrate that has been
dissolved in 750 mL of water?

10.0  𝑔  𝐴𝑔𝑁𝑂! 1  𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒  𝐴𝑔𝑁𝑂!

 𝑥   =  0.0588678  𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠  𝐴𝑔𝑁𝑂!
1 169.872  𝑔  𝐴𝑔𝑁𝑂!

𝑛 0.0588678  𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠  𝐴𝑔𝑁𝑂!

𝑀 =     =   = 0.078  𝑀  𝐴𝑔𝑁𝑂!
𝑉  (𝑖𝑛  𝐿) 0.75  𝐿

2. You want to create a 0.25 M Potassium Chloride solution. You mass 5.00 grams of Potassium
Chloride. How much water is needed?

5.00  𝑔  𝐾𝐶𝑙 1  𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒  𝐾𝐶𝑙

 𝑥   = 0.067068  𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠  𝐾𝐶𝑙
1 74.551  𝑔  𝐾𝐶𝑙

𝑛
 𝑀 =   − 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑒  𝑓𝑜𝑟  𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒
𝑉

𝑛 0.067068  𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠  𝐾𝐶𝑙

𝑉 =   =   = 0.27  𝐿 = 270  𝑚𝐿
𝑀 0.25  𝑀  𝐾𝐶𝑙

3. What is the molality of a solution that contains 48 grams of sodium chloride and 250 mL of
water?

48  𝑔  𝑁𝑎𝐶𝑙 1  𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒  𝑁𝑎𝐶𝑙

 𝑥   =  0.8213  𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠  𝑁𝑎𝐶𝑙
1 58.443  𝑔  𝑁𝑎𝐶𝑙

250  𝑚𝐿  𝐻! 𝑂 1  𝑔  𝐻! 𝑂 1  𝑘𝑔  𝐻! 𝑂

 𝑥    𝑥   =  0.25  𝑘𝑔  𝐻! 𝑂
1 1  𝑚𝐿  𝐻! 𝑂 1000  𝑔  𝐻! 𝑂

𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠  𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒 0.8213  𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠  𝑁𝑎𝐶𝑙

𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑦 =   =   = 3.3  𝑚  𝑁𝑎𝐶𝑙
𝑘𝑔  𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑒𝑛𝑡 0.25  𝑘𝑔  𝐻! 𝑂

4. What is the percentage by mass of the solution from problem 1?

750  𝑚𝐿  𝐻! 𝑂 1  𝑔  𝐻! 𝑂

 𝑥   =  750  𝑔  𝐻! 𝑂
1 1  𝑚𝐿  𝐻! 𝑂

𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠  𝑜𝑓  𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒 10.0  𝑔  𝐴𝑔𝑁𝑂!

𝑃𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡  𝑏𝑦  𝑀𝑎𝑠𝑠 =    𝑥  100 =    𝑋  100 = 1.32    𝐴𝑔𝑁𝑂!
𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠  𝑜𝑓  𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 10.0  𝑔 + 750  𝑔

5. How many mL of hydrogen peroxide are needed to make a 8.5% solution by volume of hydrogen
peroxide if you want to make 450 mL of solution?

𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒  𝑜𝑓  𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒

𝑃𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡  𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 =    𝑥  100
𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒  𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛

  1  
 𝑃𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡  𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒  𝑥  𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒  𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 (8.5%)(450  𝑚𝐿)
𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒  𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒 =   =   = 38  𝑚𝐿  𝐻! 𝑂!
100 100

6. What is the mole fraction of the solute in the solution from problem 1?

750  𝑚𝐿  𝐻! 𝑂 1  𝑔  𝐻! 𝑂 1  𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒  𝐻! 𝑂

 𝑥    𝑥   = 41.63197  𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒  𝐻! 𝑂
1 1  𝑚𝐿  𝐻! 𝑂 18.015  𝑔  𝐻! 𝑂

𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠  𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒 0.0588678  𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠  𝐴𝑔𝑁𝑂!

𝑋!"#$%& =   =   = 0.0014
𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠  𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 0.0588678  𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠  𝐴𝑔𝑁𝑂! + 41.63197  𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒  𝐻! 𝑂

7. What is the mole fraction of the solvent in the solution from problem 1?

𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠  𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑒𝑛𝑡 41.63197  𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒  𝐻! 𝑂

𝑋!"#$%&' =   =   = 1.0
𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠  𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 0.0588678  𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠  𝐴𝑔𝑁𝑂! + 41.63197  𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒  𝐻! 𝑂

8. What is the molality of the ions in the solution from problem 3?

0.82131  𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠  𝑁𝑎𝐶𝑙

3.3  𝑚  𝑁𝑎𝐶𝑙 =  
0.25  𝑘𝑔  𝐻! 𝑂

1  𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒  𝑁𝑎𝐶𝑙 = 2  𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠  𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠

0.82131  𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠  𝑁𝑎𝐶𝑙 2  𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠  𝑁𝑎𝐶𝑙  𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠

 𝑥   = 6.6  𝑚  𝑁𝑎𝐶𝑙  𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠
0.25  𝑘𝑔  𝐻! 𝑂 1  𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒  𝑁𝑎𝐶𝑙

9. What is the molality of a solution that contains 13.4 grams of calcium chloride dissolved in 655
mL of water?

13.4  𝑔  𝐶𝑎𝐶𝑙! 1  𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒  𝐶𝑎𝐶𝑙!

 𝑥   =  0.1207359  𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠  𝐶𝑎𝐶𝑙!
1 110.986  𝑔  𝐶𝑎𝐶𝑙!

655  𝑚𝐿  𝐻! 𝑂 1  𝑔  𝐻! 𝑂 1  𝑘𝑔  𝐻! 𝑂

 𝑥    𝑥   =  0.655  𝑘𝑔  𝐻! 𝑂
1 1  𝑚𝐿  𝐻! 𝑂 1000  𝑔  𝐻! 𝑂

𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠  𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒 0.1207359  𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠  𝐶𝑎𝐶𝑙!

𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑦 =   =   = 0.184  𝑚  𝐶𝑎𝐶𝑙!
𝑘𝑔  𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑒𝑛𝑡 0.655  𝑘𝑔  𝐻! 𝑂

10. What is the molality of the ions in the solution from problem 9?

0.1207359  𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠  𝐶𝑎𝐶𝑙!

= 0.184  𝑚  𝐶𝑎𝐶𝑙!
0.655  𝑘𝑔  𝐻! 𝑂

1  𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒  𝐶𝑎𝐶𝑙! = 3  𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠  𝐶𝑎𝐶𝑙!  𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠

0.1207359  𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠  𝐶𝑎𝐶𝑙! 3  𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠  𝐶𝑎𝐶𝑙!  𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠

 𝑥   =  0.553  𝑚  𝐶𝑎𝐶𝑙!  𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠
0.655  𝑘𝑔  𝐻! 𝑂 1  𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒  𝐶𝑎𝐶𝑙!

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