GALAXY ACADEMY II PUC CHEMISTRY SOLID STATE QUESTION BANK

THE SOLID STATE

1. Why liquids and gases are called as fluids?
2. Why are solids rigid?
3. Why do solids have a definite volume?
4. Classify the following as amorphous or crystalline solids: Polyurethane,
naphthalene, benzoic acid, teflon, potassium nitrate, cellophane, polyvinyl
chloride, fibre glass, copper.
5. Refractive index of a solid is observed to have the same value along all directions.
Comment on the nature of this solid. Would it show cleavage property?
6. Write an account on classification of crystalline solids based on interparticular forces. Give an
example each.
7. Classify the following solids in different categories based on the nature of
intermolecular forces operating in them:
Potassium sulphate, tin, benzene, urea, ammonia, water, zinc sulphide, graphite, rubidium,
argon, silicon carbide
8. Solid A is a very hard electrical insulator in solid as well as in molten state and melts at
extremely high temperature. What type of solid is it?
9. Ionic solids conduct electricity in molten state but not in solid state. Explain.
10. What type of solids are electrical conductors, malleable and ductile?
11. How many types of 3d lattices or Bravais lattices are known?
12. Write an account on classification of unit cells
13. Give the significance of a ‘lattice point’
14. Name the parameters that characterize a unit cell.
15. Distinguish between (i) Hexagonal and monoclinic unit cells
(ii) Face-centered and end-centered unit cells.
16. Explain how much portion of an atom located at (i) corner and (ii) body center of a cubic unit cell
is part of its neighboring unit cell.
17. Give the relation between d , M , 'z' and 'a' of an unit cell
18. What is the two dimensional coordination number of a molecule in square close-packed layer?
19. Which of the following lattices has the highest packing efficiency (i) simple
cubic (ii) body-centered cubic and (iii) hexagonal close-packed lattice?
20. Distinguish Between Point Defect And Line Defect
21. Distinguish between stoichiometric and non stoichiometric defects.
22. Name the defect which create vacancy defect in original position and interstitial in new
location.
23. Distinguish between metal excess defect and metal deficiency defect
24. What is F- centers and mention why they impart colours crystal.
25. Define conductors, semiconductors and insulators.
26. Name the crystal defect which lowers the density in an ionic crystal.
27. Which type of stoichiometric defect is shown by the following solids?
a. AgCl b. KCl
28. Calculate the number of atoms present in sc crystal lattice.
29. Calculate the number of atoms present in BCC crystal
30. Calculate the number of atoms present in FCC crystal
31. Give the differences between crystalline and amorphous solids.
32. Give two differences n-type and p-type semiconductors
33. Write any two differences between tetrahedral and octahedral voids.
34. Write the differences between Schottky and Frenkel defects.
35. What is Frenkel defect? Give an example and mention how does it affect the density of the
solid?
36. What is Schottky defect? Give an example and mention how does it affect the density of
the solid?

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GALAXY ACADEMY II PUC CHEMISTRY SOLID STATE QUESTION BANK

37. Define a) lattice point b) unit cell c) F-Centre d)doping e) crystal lattice
38. Ionic solids conducts electricity in molten state but not in solid state. Explain.
39. Solid ‘A’ is very hard electrical insulator in solid as well as in molten state and melts extremely at
high temperature. What type of solid it is?
40. What type of solids are electrical conductors , malleable and ductile
41. Classify the following solids in to different categories based on the nature of its intermolecular
force operating in them a) benzene b) urea c) ammonia d) graphite
42. What is meant by the term co-ordination number in solids? What is the coordination number in
a face centered cubic close packing structure?
43. Calculate the packing efficiency in simple cubic lattice.
44. Calculate the packing efficiency in a unit cell of cubic close packaging (ccp) structure.
45. Calculate the packing efficiency in Body centered cubic (BCC) lattice.
46. Write an account on different types of point defects.
47. What are conductors, semiconductors and insulators? Compare them based on Band theory of
metals.
48. Define following and give an example
a. paramagnetic b. diamagnetism c. ferromagnetism d. ferrimagnetism
e. antiferromagnetic
49. Distinguish between intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors.
50. What type of defect can arise when a solid is heated? Which physical property is affected by it
and in what way?
51. What type of stoichiometric defect is shown by: (i) ZnS (ii) AgBr
52. Explain how vacancies are introduced in an ionic solid when a cation of higher valence is added
as an impurity in it.
53. Ionic solids, which have anionic vacancies due to metal excess defect, develop colour. Explain
with the help of a suitable example.
54. A group 14 element is to be converted into n-type semiconductor by doping it with a suitable
impurity. To which group should this impurity belong?
55. What type of substances would make better permanent magnets, ferromagnetic or
ferrimagnetic. Justify your answer.
56. Classify each of the following as being either a p-type or a n-type semiconductor: (i) Ge doped
with In (ii) Si doped with B.
57. How many tetrahedral and octahedral voids are possible if the number of close packed
spheres in 2 layers is N
58. Mention any two applications of semiconductors.
59. Mention the most ordered and most disordered crystal system

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GALAXY ACADEMY II PUC CHEMISTRY SOLID STATE QUESTION BANK

NUMERICALS
1. Aluminium crystallizes in an fcc structure. Atomic radius of the metal is 125 pm. Calculate
the edge length of unit cell of the metal.
2. An element having atomic mass 107.9 gmol-1 has fcc unit cell. The edge length of unit cell
is 408.6 pm. Calculate the density of the unit cell. ( NA = 6.022x1023 mol-1).
3. An element crystallizes in fcc lattice. If edge length of the unit cell is 408.6 pm and density
is 10.5 gcm-3. Calculate the atomic mass of the element (NA = 6.022x1023 mol-1)
4. Silver forms ccp lattice. The edge length of its unit cell is 408.6 pm. Calculate the density of
silver. (Given: NA = 6.022x1023 mol-1 and atomic mass of Ag = 108) [Ans:10.5 g/cm3]
5. An element having atomic mass 63.1 g/ mol has face centered unit cell with edge length
3.608x10-8 cm. calculate the density of unit cell.(NA = 6.022x1023 mol-1)
6. X- ray diffraction studies show that copper crystallizes in a fcc unit cell with a cell edge of
3.608 X 10-8 cm. In a separate experiment copper is determined to have a density of 8.92
g/cm3. Calculate the atomic mass of the copper. [Ans: 63.1u]
7. An element has a body centered cubic structure with a cell edge of 288pm.The density of the
3
element is 7.2 g/cm . How many atoms are present 208 grams of the element?
[Ans: 24.16 X 1023]
8. A compound is formed by two elements M and N. The element N forms ccp and atoms of M
occupy 1/3rd of tetrahedral voids. What is the formula of the compound?
9. An element with molar mass 2.7×10-2 kg mol-1 forms a cubic unit cell with edge length 405 pm. If
its density is 2.7×103 kg m-3, what is the nature of the cubic unit cell?
10. A compound AxBy crystallizes in a fcc lattice in which A occupies each corner of a cube and
B occupies the centre of each fcc. What is the formula of the compound.
11. A compound forms hexagonal close-packed structure. What is the total number of voids in 0.5 mol
of it? How many of these are tetrahedral voids?
12. A compound is formed by two elements X and Y. Atoms of the element Y (as anions) make ccp and
those of the element X (as cations) occupy all the octahedral voids. What is the formula of the
compound?
13. Atoms of element B form hcp lattice and those of the element A occupy 2/3rd of tetrahedral
voids. What is the formula of the compound formed by the elements A and B? [Ans: A4B3]
14. Silver crystallizes in fcc lattice. If edge length of the cell is 4.07 × 10–8 cm and density is 10.5 g cm–
3, calculate the atomic mass of silver.

15. A cubic solid is made of two elements P and Q. Atoms of Q are at the corners of the cube and P at
the body-centre. What is the formula of the compound? What are the coordination numbers of P
and Q?
16. Niobium crystallizes in body-centered cubic structure. If density is 8.55 g cm–3, calculate atomic
radius of niobium using its atomic mass 93 u.
17. If the radius of the octahedral void is r and radius of the atoms in close packing is R, derive
relation between r and R.
18. Copper crystallizes into a fcc lattice with edge length 3.61 × 10–8 cm. Show that the calculated
density is in agreement with its measured value of 8.92 g cm–3.
19. Analysis shows that nickel oxide has the formula Ni0.98 O1.00. What fractions of nickel exist as Ni2+
and Ni3+ ions?
20. Ferric oxide crystallizes in a hexagonal close-packed array of oxide ions with two out of every
three octahedral holes occupied by ferric ions. Derive the formula of the ferric oxide.
21. Gold (atomic radius = 0.144 nm) crystallizes in a face-centered unit cell. What is the length of a
side of the cell?
22. Aluminium crystallizes in a cubic close-packed structure. Its metallic radius is 125 pm.
(i) What is the length of the side of the unit cell?
(ii) How many unit cells are there in 1.00 cm3 of aluminium?
23. If NaCl is doped with 10–3 mol % of SrCl2, what is the concentration of cation vacancies?

GALAXY ACADEMY , NEAR MANGALA KALYANA MANTAP , KORAMANGALA PH: 8088 76 15 86 / 9886 71 92 72
GALAXY ACADEMY II PUC CHEMISTRY SOLID STATE QUESTION BANK

24. Sodium metal crystallizes in a BCC structure. Its unit cell edge length is 420 pm .Calculate
its density. (atomic mass 23u) [Ans:3.73 kg/m3]
25. The density of chromium metal is 7.0 g/cm3 . If the unit cell cubic with edge length of
289pm.Calculate the number of atoms per unit cell. [Ans: 2]
26. In corundum , oxide ions are arranged in hcp arrangement and Al ions occupy 2/3rd of
+3

the octahedral voids .What is the formula of the compound. [Ans: 2:3 , Al2O3]
27. Atoms of element B form hcp and those of A occupy 2/3rd of tetrahedral voids. What is the
formula of the compound.
28. Silver forms fcc lattice. If the edge length is 4.077 x 10-8 cm , calculate the density of silver .
atomic mass of silver is 108amu [Ans:10.64 g/cm3]
29. a compound is formed by elements A and B crystallizes in the cubic arrangement in which
A atoms are at the corners of a cube and B atoms are at the face4 centre . What is the
formula of the compound? [Ans:AB3]

GALAXY ACADEMY , NEAR MANGALA KALYANA MANTAP , KORAMANGALA PH: 8088 76 15 86 / 9886 71 92 72