The two countries Pakistan and Bangladesh were best basis of the comparative development

because of the identical political power which is concentrated before at West Pakistan (recent Pakistan
and even population as 180 million in Pakistan and 153 million in Bangladesh as of 2012.

Bangladesh was an example of “growth but not developing” as on analyst William Easterly with
low social indicators for income and growth. When Bangladesh gained its independence was destruct
deliberately as lots of problems arise specifically famine. The country was called as the test case for
development which means that when development happens within the country it can happen
anywhere. Years later, although Pakistan was over heading on income but the New HDI indicates that
Bangladesh were 9 places higher than Pakistan. Nevertheless, Bangladesh is progressing in terms of
social development rather than of the income.

Per capita income raised on the Pakistan side but the growth rate remained as for this result to
low social indicators. Form 2000-2001 the per capita income of Bangladesh outpaced Pakistan with farm
yields up and factory jobs are ongoing. The country performance proved the predicament wrong as for
their economy’s resilience but had to face deaths caused of negligence of the owners putting the growth
in danger.

The World Bank data shows 23% of the population of Pakistan living $1.25 per day compared to
Bangladesh with 51%. But the income of poorest are rising. The poverty was deducted for the factors of
disseminating green revolution, roles of indigenous organization were acted properly fighting the rural
areas poverty, giving opportunities to women in export industries and remittances form worker abroad.
Bangladesh remained poorer with 80% assimilating Pakistan with 61% when income are considered.

On the literacy issues, there had been similarities if not relative for there are 40% literacy for
women in Pakistan while 53% in Bangladesh and 69% literacy for men in Pakistan while 62% in
Bangladesh. Many teachers were hire for political reasons rather than of capabilities and competencies.
According to analysts, Pakistan’s poor educational performance came from the incentive for the elite
keeping the poor not gaining education.

Bangladesh, on enrolees, have edge on Pakistan as for secondary education garnering 52%
percent compared to Pakistan’s 35% (World Bank, 2013). In 1990, only half of Bangladeshi community
finished primary school, comprising two-thirds of today. But outperforming Pakistan with 1.07 to 1
female-to-male ratio compare to just 0.83. The NGOs such a great help with this progress.
 Life expectancy is now higher in Bangladesh but on 1970 was 54 in Pakistan and only 44 in
Bangladesh. The malnutrition in Bangladesh dropped and the success of green revolution benefited the
nutrition while Pakistan remains lower.

Bangladesh made greater progress reducing fertility. Fertility tends to fall as social and economic
progress increases. With lower fertility more investment on each children will be intended. Bangladesh
gradually pull off against Pakistan as for human capital development. With family planning plays a great
role in progress of Bangladesh.

Pakistan’s “growth without development” has something to do with their minimal oil reserves
which allows them to import four-fifths of its natural gas. Pakistan is improving its social development
but not like many countries accelerate.

Both Bangladesh and Pakistan suffer with geological problems. Aside from few city-states and
islands Bangladesh has more populations per square meter compare to Netherlands and United States.

Easterly and Levine propose that with countries having divisions on their ethnic groups,
languages and others tend to have lower social development. Some countries like Mauritius and India
were diverse but Bangladesh had more problems with 98% speakers of Bengali with official language
Urdu. As to Pakistan also bear the ethno linguistic fractionalization and to have demonstrate a
consolidated class, gender and ethnic does affects the services of the country.

Bangladesh had an edge from Pakistan in literacy. In age group 15-24, this group most probably
be the problem to Pakistan because in this ages represents the full chance to gain literacy. On enrolment
basis, Bangladesh had advantage from Pakistan which has lesser representation than men.

Women gained autonomy in working with garment in the factory but collapsed as of tragedy
happen which killed thousands and half were women in Bangladesh becomes the most deadly factory
disaster in history caused by risky operations of owners. Until the proposal of North American standards
in the workplace. In any case, Bangladesh was benefited and enhance cooperation between two races.

Conditions or odds also doesn’t seem to side with Pakistan with workers died also in garment factories.

Pakistan received great deal when it comes to aid and Bangladesh also having emphasis because of help
from the country’s NGOs.
As for military forces, the two countries have prominent and active with recent civilian rule in politics.
Neither of the two countries has been transparent o free from corruption just Bangladesh had a little
catbird seat from Pakistan.

Bureaucracy, aristocrats and subservient population which turns to inequality of distribution in Pakistan.
Husain also concluded that leaders had low literacy. The dominance of landowners in social, political and
economic spheres are apparent and most probably had their different interests were followed.

CONCLUSION:

Bangladesh and Pakistan possess commonality in terms of cultural heritage, religion and beliefs
as these two countries were once part of a single political entity until a successful revolt in East Pakistan
led to the formation of the separate country of Bangladesh.

Both countries are also classified as developing countries but despite being in the same
category, there’s still a wide disparities among them especially on the level of economic progress of
each country had made for the past years.

According to Halim Hassani, the differences between Pakistan and Bangladesh outweigh their
common features. In relation to Chapter 1, to measure the state of a country’s economic development is
not just about its quantitative progress but it must also be accompanied by its qualitative
improvements. In the case of Bangladesh and Pakistan, both countries have its edge on the different
aspects of development. In general, Pakistan outperformed Bangladesh in terms of economic growth
and Bangladesh outperformed Pakistan in terms of development. Despite of this, the current
development levels of these two countries are not dramatically far from each other.

However, Bangladesh has made a relatively better progress than Pakistan especially when
pertaining to social development despite being torment by famine and poverty for several years after its
independence in 1971. The Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) has played a major role and
contribution to the sudden economic progress on Bangladesh towards the empowerment of women
that subsequently paved way to the improvements on children’s education and health. The efforts made
by the government, private sectors and civil society has led to the unexpected economic transformation
of Bangladesh.
 In Pakistan, economic growth continues to accelerate but fails to improve its position on the
Human Development Index. According to the World Bank report, Pakistan remains as one of the lowest
performers in the South Asia Region on the HDI indicators especially in education. It was shown that
gender disparities still persists in education, health and all economic sectors.

The major difference between Bangladesh and Pakistan is how they cope up after the
separation in 1971 and how they deal with the rampant economic problems and what breakthroughs
have they made to reach a substantial economic development progress.

(Bangladesh made youth a sthe top priority)

istory matters in shaping the future of a country because it allows counties to understand
changes and developments that had taken place to create the present society